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/linux/Documentation/arch/riscv/
H A Dboot.rst1 .. SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
4 RISC-V Kernel Boot Requirements and Constraints
10 This document describes what the RISC-V kernel expects from bootloaders and
12 touching the early boot process. For the purposes of this document, the
16 Pre-kernel Requirements and Constraints
19 The RISC-V kernel expects the following of bootloaders and platform firmware:
22 --------------
24 The RISC-V kernel expects:
26 * ``$a0`` to contain the hartid of the current core.
27 * ``$a1`` to contain the address of the devicetree in memory.
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/linux/Documentation/admin-guide/nfs/
H A Dnfsroot.rst10 Updated 2006 by Nico Schottelius <nico-kernel-nfsroot@schottelius.org>
18 In order to use a diskless system, such as an X-terminal or printer server for
19 example, it is necessary for the root filesystem to be present on a non-disk
21 Documentation/filesystems/ramfs-rootfs-initramfs.rst), a ramdisk (see
22 Documentation/admin-guide/initrd.rst) or a filesystem mounted via NFS. The
24 of this text 'client' means the diskless system, and 'server' means the NFS
34 built-in during configuration. Once this has been selected, the nfsroot
38 along with the types of autoconfiguration to support. Selecting all of
48 told what root fs device to use. And in the case of nfsroot, where to find
49 both the server and the name of the directory on the server to mount as root.
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/linux/include/linux/
H A Dcrash_dump.h1 /* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
12 #define ELFCORE_ADDR_MAX (-1ULL)
13 #define ELFCORE_ADDR_ERR (-2ULL)
35 * machine types, e.g. on bi-arch capable hardware. */
42 * needed for 32-bit ELF or 64-bit ELF vmcores. In case of 32-bit
55 * is_kdump_kernel() checks whether this kernel is booting after a panic of
60 * return true if CONFIG_CRASH_DUMP=y and if kernel is booting after a panic
61 * of previous kernel.
70 /* is_vmcore_usable() checks if the kernel is booting after a panic and
73 * This makes use of the fact that due to alignment -2ULL is not
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/linux/arch/arm/mach-s3c/
H A Dinit.c1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
10 * NOTE: Code in this file is not used on S3C64xx when booting with
21 #include <linux/of.h>
35 for (; count != 0; count--, tab++) { in s3c_lookup_cpu()
36 if ((idcode & tab->idmask) == (tab->idcode & tab->idmask)) in s3c_lookup_cpu()
53 printk("CPU %s (id 0x%08lx)\n", cpu->name, idcode); in s3c_init_cpu()
55 if (cpu->init == NULL) { in s3c_init_cpu()
56 printk(KERN_ERR "CPU %s support not enabled\n", cpu->name); in s3c_init_cpu()
60 if (cpu->map_io) in s3c_init_cpu()
61 cpu->map_io(); in s3c_init_cpu()
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/linux/Documentation/devicetree/bindings/soc/fsl/cpm_qe/
H A Dserial.txt4 - fsl,cpm1-smc-uart
5 - fsl,cpm2-smc-uart
6 - fsl,cpm1-scc-uart
7 - fsl,cpm2-scc-uart
8 - fsl,qe-uart
11 property as described in booting-without-of.txt, section IX.1 in the following
23 compatible = "fsl,mpc8272-scc-uart",
24 "fsl,cpm2-scc-uart";
27 interrupt-parent = <&PIC>;
28 fsl,cpm-brg = <1>;
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/linux/Documentation/admin-guide/
H A Dldm.rst2 LDM - Logical Disk Manager (Dynamic Disks)
5 :Author: Originally Written by FlatCap - Richard Russon <ldm@flatcap.org>.
9 --------
13 1MiB journalled database at the end of the physical disk. The size of
14 partitions is limited only by disk space. The maximum number of partitions is
23 partitions and filesystems without the need to reboot.
26 assemble any multi-partition volumes, e.g. Stripes, RAID5.
29 dummy MSDOS partition containing one disk-sized partition. This is what is
32 A newer approach that has been implemented with Vista is to put LDM on top of a
37 -------
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H A Defi-stub.rst8 along with the EFI-specific entry point that the firmware loader
10 arch/x86/boot/header.S and drivers/firmware/efi/libstub/x86-stub.c,
12 arch/arm/boot/compressed/efi-header.S and
13 drivers/firmware/efi/libstub/arm32-stub.c. EFI stub code that is shared
19 and drivers/firmware/efi/libstub/arm64-stub.c.
22 without the use of a conventional EFI boot loader, such as grub or
23 elilo. Since the EFI boot stub performs the jobs of a boot loader, in
30 --------------------------
33 System Partition (ESP) and renamed with the extension ".efi". Without
43 --------------------------------------------
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H A Dinitrd.rst15 where the kernel comes up with a minimum set of compiled-in drivers, and
18 This document gives a brief overview of the use of initrd. A more detailed
19 discussion of the boot process can be found in [#f1]_.
23 ---------
51 Boot command-line options
52 -------------------------
70 Note: /dev/initrd is read-only and it can only be used once. As soon
80 ----------------------
83 archive. On such systems, the creation of a ramdisk image doesn't need to
88 find . | cpio --quiet -H newc -o | gzip -9 -n > /boot/imagefile.img
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H A Dserial-console.rst7 kernel - by default it is not compiled in. For PC style serial ports
10 :menuselection:`Character devices --> Serial drivers --> 8250/16550 and compatible serial support -…
18 The format of this option is::
29 defines the baudrate/parity/bits/flow control of
31 speed, P is parity (n/o/e), N is number of bits,
51 1. The output will appear only on the first device of each defined type.
58 for other reasons. For example, because of a typo or because
70 because of the default behavior when no console device is specified,
77 If no console device is specified, the first device found capable of
96 rm -f console tty0
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/linux/Documentation/fb/
H A Dvesafb.rst8 of the BIOS, and use this as framebuffer device /dev/fb0, like the m68k
19 without using tiny, unreadable fonts.
20 * You can run XF68_FBDev on top of /dev/fb0 (=> non-accelerated X11
22 * Most important: boot logo :-)
33 Documentation/admin-guide/svga.rst for details.
36 graphics mode). Which of them takes over the console depends on
53 The video mode number of the Linux kernel is the VESA mode number plus
69 To enable one of those modes you have to specify "vga=ask" in the
80 1. Note: LILO cannot handle hex, for booting directly with
81 "vga=mode-number" you have to transform the numbers to decimal.
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/linux/arch/mips/generic/
H A DKconfig1 # SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
7 Select this from your board if the board must use a legacy, non-UHI,
8 boot protocol. This will cause the kernel to scan through the list of
10 kernel is booted without being provided with an FDT via the UHI
18 YAMON-provided environment variables into a device tree properties.
20 comment "Legacy (non-UHI/non-FIT) Boards"
23 bool "Support MIPS SEAD-3 boards"
27 Enable this to include support for booting on MIPS SEAD-3 FPGA-based
85 This requires u-boot on the platform.
93 This requires u-boot on the platform.
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/linux/arch/arm/mach-mvebu/
H A Dplatsmp-a9.c1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
3 * Symmetric Multi Processing (SMP) support for Marvell EBU Cortex-A9
8 * Gregory CLEMENT <gregory.clement@free-electrons.com>
9 * Thomas Petazzoni <thomas.petazzoni@free-electrons.com>
14 #include <linux/of.h>
29 pr_info("Booting CPU %d\n", cpu); in mvebu_cortex_a9_boot_secondary()
32 * Write the address of secondary startup into the system-wide in mvebu_cortex_a9_boot_secondary()
60 * because of the boot of a kexec'ed kernel, the PMSU configuration
85 * by themselves, without any help from a still alive CPU.
106 CPU_METHOD_OF_DECLARE(mvebu_armada_375_smp, "marvell,armada-375-smp",
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/linux/Documentation/devicetree/bindings/net/
H A Dfsl-tsec-phy.txt5 the definition of the PHY node in booting-without-of.txt for an example
6 of how to define a PHY.
9 - reg : Offset and length of the register set for the device, and optionally
10 the offset and length of the TBIPA register (TBI PHY address
14 - compatible : Should define the compatible device type for the
16 - "fsl,gianfar-tbi"
17 - "fsl,gianfar-mdio"
18 - "fsl,etsec2-tbi"
19 - "fsl,etsec2-mdio"
20 - "fsl,ucc-mdio"
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H A Dfsl,fman-mdio.yaml1 # SPDX-License-Identifier: (GPL-2.0-only OR BSD-2-Clause)
3 ---
4 $id: http://devicetree.org/schemas/net/fsl,fman-mdio.yaml#
5 $schema: http://devicetree.org/meta-schemas/core.yaml#
10 - Frank Li <Frank.Li@nxp.com>
18 - fsl,fman-mdio
19 - fsl,fman-xmdio
20 - fsl,fman-memac-mdio
22 Must include "fsl,fman-mdio" for 1 Gb/s MDIO from FMan v2.
23 Must include "fsl,fman-xmdio" for 10 Gb/s MDIO from FMan v2.
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/linux/Documentation/arch/arm/
H A Dbooting.rst2 Booting ARM Linux
9 The following documentation is relevant to 2.4.18-rmk6 and beyond.
28 ---------------------------
38 to automatically locate and size all RAM, or it may use knowledge of
44 -----------------------------
60 Documentation/admin-guide/kernel-parameters.rst.
64 --------------------------
69 MANDATORY except for DT-only platforms
73 looks at the connected hardware is beyond the scope of this document.
75 value to the kernel. (see linux/arch/arm/tools/mach-types). This
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/linux/Documentation/filesystems/
H A Dvirtiofs.rst1 .. SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
6 virtiofs: virtio-fs host<->guest shared file system
9 - Copyright (C) 2019 Red Hat, Inc.
14 VIRTIO "virtio-fs" device for guest<->host file system sharing. It allows a
19 booting from a root file system located on the host, persistent storage for
22 Although it is possible to use existing network file systems for some of these
24 expose the storage network to the guest. The virtio-fs device was designed to
25 solve these problems by providing file system access without networking.
27 Furthermore the virtio-fs device takes advantage of the co-location of the
35 .. code-block:: sh
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/linux/arch/riscv/
H A DKconfig1 # SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
3 # For a description of the syntax of this configuration file,
4 # see Documentation/kbuild/kconfig-language.rst.
65 # LLD >= 14: https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project/issues/50505
196 select OF
219 # Shadow call stack requires rustc version 1.82+ due to use of the
220 # -Zsanitizer=shadow-call-stack flag.
230 depends on $(cc-option,-fpatchable-function-entry=8)
233 def_bool $(cc-option,-fsanitize=shadow-call-stack)
234 …# https://github.com/riscv-non-isa/riscv-elf-psabi-doc/commit/a484e843e6eeb51f0cb7b8819e50da6d2444…
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/linux/Documentation/arch/arm64/
H A Darm-acpi.rst10 of rules defined in SBSA (Server Base System Architecture) [2].
12 The Arm kernel implements the reduced hardware model of ACPI version
18 If an Arm system does not meet the requirements of the BSA and BBR,
23 industry-standard Arm systems, they also apply to more than one operating
24 system. The purpose of this document is to describe the interaction between
25 ACPI and Linux only, on an Arm system -- that is, what Linux expects of
26 ACPI and what ACPI can expect of Linux.
30 ----------------
31 Before examining the details of the interface between ACPI and Linux, it is
33 exist in Linux for describing non-enumerable hardware, after all. In this
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/linux/arch/arm/mach-omap2/
H A DKconfig1 # SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
95 select PINCTRL_TI_IODELAY if OF && PINCTRL
149 Compile a kernel suitable for booting most boards
166 version 2 of the SmartReflex IP.
168 V2 is the update for the 45nm version of the IP used in OMAP3630
182 bool "Class 3 mode of Smartreflex Implementation"
185 Say Y to enable Class 3 implementation of Smartreflex
187 Class 3 implementation of Smartreflex employs continuous hardware
194 Without this option, L2 Auxiliary control register contents are
195 lost during off-mode entry on HS/EMU devices. This feature
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/linux/drivers/base/
H A DKconfig1 # SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
12 Before the switch to the netlink-based uevent source, this was
19 it is known to create out-of-memory situations during bootup.
44 functional /dev without any further help. It also allows simple
58 This option does not affect initramfs based booting, here
73 with the PROT_EXEC flag. This can break, for example, non-KMS
77 bool "Select only drivers that don't need compile-time external firmware"
96 Firmware should not be being built as part of kernel, these days
98 old drivers which enable building of its firmware at kernel build
134 Say Y here if you want the Driver core to produce a bunch of
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/linux/Documentation/devicetree/
H A Dusage-model.rst1 .. SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
11 This article describes how Linux uses the device tree. An overview of
19 is a description of hardware that is readable by an operating system
20 so that the operating system doesn't need to hard code details of the
24 nodes may have an arbitrary number of named properties encapsulating
26 links from one node to another outside of the natural tree structure.
28 Conceptually, a common set of usage conventions, called 'bindings',
34 maximize use of existing support code, but since property and node
37 however, of creating a new binding without first doing some homework
40 binding was created without first investigating how i2c devices were
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/linux/sound/soc/sof/intel/
H A Dhda-loader.c1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: (GPL-2.0-only OR BSD-3-Clause)
24 #include "../ipc4-priv.h"
26 #include "../sof-priv.h"
32 "(default = Y, use N to force buffer re-allocation)");
36 struct sof_intel_hda_dev *hda = sdev->pdata->hw_pdata; in hda_ssp_set_cbp_cfp()
37 const struct sof_intel_dsp_desc *chip = hda->desc; in hda_ssp_set_cbp_cfp()
41 for (i = 0; i < chip->ssp_count; i++) { in hda_ssp_set_cbp_cfp()
43 chip->ssp_base_offset in hda_ssp_set_cbp_cfp()
64 dev_err(sdev->dev, "error: no stream available\n"); in hda_cl_prepare()
65 return ERR_PTR(-ENODEV); in hda_cl_prepare()
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/linux/arch/um/
H A DKconfig1 # SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
3 menu "UML-specific options"
25 select OF_EARLY_FLATTREE if OF
102 This option gives you the ability to force a static link of UML.
127 Add /lib (and /lib64 for 64-bit) to the linux binary's rpath
133 instead of the desired ones.
138 While the User-Mode Linux port uses its own root file system for
139 booting and normal file access, this module lets the UML user
141 network connection between the Host and UML. An example use of
144 mount none /tmp/fromhost -t hostfs -o /tmp/umlshare
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/linux/Documentation/admin-guide/device-mapper/
H A Ddm-init.rst2 Early creation of mapped devices
5 It is possible to configure a device-mapper device to act as the root device for
11 The second is to create one or more device-mappers using the module parameter
12 "dm-mod.create=" through the kernel boot command line argument.
14 The format is specified as a string of data separated by commas and optionally
15 semi-colons, where:
17 - a comma is used to separate fields like name, uuid, flags and table
19 - a semi-colon is used to separate devices.
23 …dm-mod.create=<name>,<uuid>,<minor>,<flags>,<table>[,<table>+][;<name>,<uuid>,<minor>,<flags>,<tab…
28 <uuid> ::= xxxxxxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxx | ""
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/linux/Documentation/arch/x86/i386/
H A DIO-APIC.rst1 .. SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
4 IO-APIC
9 Most (all) Intel-MP compliant SMP boards have the so-called 'IO-APIC',
11 hardware interrupts to multiple CPUs, or to CPU groups. Without an
12 IO-APIC, interrupts from hardware will be delivered only to the
15 Linux supports all variants of compliant SMP boards, including ones with
16 multiple IO-APICs. Multiple IO-APICs are used in high-end servers to
20 usually worked around by the kernel. If your MP-compliant SMP board does
21 not boot Linux, then consult the linux-smp mailing list archives first.
23 If your box boots fine with enabled IO-APIC IRQs, then your
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