riscv: fix NR_CPUS range leaking 64-bit default onto 32-bit builds

rv32_defconfig is built in two stages:

- the generic (64-bit-oriented) "defconfig" target runs first
and resolves a concrete NR_

riscv: fix NR_CPUS range leaking 64-bit default onto 32-bit builds

rv32_defconfig is built in two stages:

- the generic (64-bit-oriented) "defconfig" target runs first
and resolves a concrete NR_CPUS value using the 64BIT default.
- then 32-bit.config is merged on top via merge_config.sh,
which does not touch NR_CPUS.

The final "make olddefconfig" pass sees NR_CPUS=256 is still within
the "2 512" range therefore never recalculates it against the 32BIT
default of 32, silently keeping the leaked 64-bit-stage value.

The NR_CPUS-scaled regions (percpu areas, ...etc) of the resulting
CONFIG_NR_CPUS=256 on a 32-bit build bloats and does not fit in the
percpu/stack layout for rv32 and hangs early boot on QEMU's virt machine.

Fix this by explicitly specify the range for 32/64 and SBI_V01/!SBI_V01.

Fixes: 0fa749771993 ("riscv: Raise default NR_CPUS for 64BIT to 256")
Signed-off-by: Leo Yu-Chi Liang <leo.liang@sifive.com>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20261007045229.36114-1-leo.liang@sifive.com
Signed-off-by: Paul Walmsley <pjw@kernel.org>

show more ...

riscv: bug: Make RV32 use GENERIC_BUG_RELATIVE_POINTERS

x86 did this in commit b0a848f4a47a ("x86/bugs: Make i386 use
GENERIC_BUG_RELATIVE_POINTERS")

powerpc did this in commit 1baa1f70ef77 ("power

riscv: bug: Make RV32 use GENERIC_BUG_RELATIVE_POINTERS

x86 did this in commit b0a848f4a47a ("x86/bugs: Make i386 use
GENERIC_BUG_RELATIVE_POINTERS")

powerpc did this in commit 1baa1f70ef77 ("powerpc: Allow relative
pointers in bug table entries")

Similar as x86 and powerpc does, make RV32 use
GENERIC_BUG_RELATIVE_POINTERS for "there is only one code path." and
"less #ifdef is more better".

Signed-off-by: Jisheng Zhang <jszhang@kernel.org>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260221024255.3552-1-jszhang@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Paul Walmsley <pjw@kernel.org>

show more ...

Merge tag 'mm-stable-2026-08-18-18-39' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/akpm/mm

Pull MM updates from Andrew Morton:

- "mm: drop "sub" prefix from various places" (Dev Jain)

pag

Merge tag 'mm-stable-2026-08-18-18-39' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/akpm/mm

Pull MM updates from Andrew Morton:

- "mm: drop "sub" prefix from various places" (Dev Jain)

page->folio conversion and a naming cleanup

- "mm/kasan: remove redundant initialization for kasan_flag_write_only"
(Igor Putko)

KASAN cleanup work

- "mm/filemap: reduce unnecessary xarray lookups" (Chi Zhiling)

Small speedup in the pagecaache read code

- "mm/percpu: Fix possible NOFS/NOIO reclaim recursion" (Kaitao Cheng)

Improve the vmalloc code - mainly the avoidance of GFP_KERNEL
allocations when the caller asked for GFP_NOFS or GFP_NOIO

- "mm/kmemleak: avoid soft lockup when scanning task stacks" (Breno
Leitao)

Avoid a soft lockup watchdog trigger from the kmemleak scanning code
in extreme situations

- "mm/page_owner: misc cleanups" (Ye Liu)

Cleanups to the page_owner code. For some reason lots of people have
been working on the page_owner code this cycle.

- "mm: convert to walk_page_range_vma() to eliminate find_vma()"
(Kefeng Wang)

Simplify and accelerate the page walking library function

- "mm/migrate: preparatory cleanups for batch copy and offload"
(Shivank Garg)

Cleanups in the migration code

- "mm/page_owner: add per-fd filter infrastructure for print_mode and
NUMA filtering" (Zhen Ni)

Per-fd filtering to page_owner in order to reduce the sometimes vast
amount of output it can produce

- "mm: Refactor bootmem gigantic hugepage allocation" (Muchun Song)

Fixes and preparatory cleanups around bootmem HugeTLB handling,
sparse initialization ordering, and related vmemmap setup

- "mm/zsmalloc: reduce lock contention in zs_free()" (Wenchao Hao)

Reduce lock contention in zs_free(), which dominates the unmap path
under memory pressure on Android (LMK kills) and on x86 servers
running zswap-heavy workloads.

Up to 1.83x improvement in microbenchmarking.

- "move alloc_tag.c file under mm/" (Suren Baghdasaryan)

- "samples/damon: handle damon_{start,stop}() failures" (SJ Park)

Fix improper handling of damon_start(), damon_stop(), and
damon_call() failures across DAMON sample modules to prevent
potential memory leaks, operation disruptions and use-after-free
bugs

- "mm/damon/sysfs: kobject_del() directories that users can
create/remove" (SJ Park)

Fix delayed sysfs directory removal under DEBUG_KOBJECT_RELEASE
causeing creation failures due to duplicate directory names by adding
missing kobject_del() calls before creating new directories

- "mm: cleanup clear_not_present_full_ptes()" (David Hildenbrand)

Clean up the core pte handling code

- "selftests/damon: misc fixes for test bugs" (Kunwu Chan)

Fix several bugs in the DAMON selftests

- "selftests/damon: fix memcg_path staging handling" (Cheng Nie)

Fix a bug in _damon_sysfs.py for damos_filter memcg_path setup, and
add a test case for it in sysfs.py.

- "selftests/damon: test kdamond refresh_ms" (Ruslan Valiyev)

Selftest coverage for DAMON's refresh_ms sysfs feature by updating
the test control module and verifying that scheme stats update
automatically without manual intervention

- "mm/damon: five misc fixups" (Akinobu Mita)

Miscellaneous DAMON fixups.

- "mm/damon/core: detect internal variation above max_nr_regions/2"
(Jiayuan Chen)

Fix DAMON's region splitting behavior when region counts exceed half
the maximum budget by dynamically scaling down the split fraction as
the limit approaches, preventing large regions from staying un-split,
and add corresponding KUnit test coverage

- "mm: preparatory patches for PMD level swap entries" (Usama Arif)

Refactor and clean up PMD softleaf helpers, call sites, and
architecture flags to lay the groundwork for a follow-up series that
introduces PMD page table swap entries

- "mm/damon: update, optimize, and clean up doc, tests, and code" (SJ
Park)

Update DAMON design and ABI documentation, expands unit and selftest
coverage, optimize damon_commit_target_regions(), and clean up
recently added sysfs interface code for better readability

- "mm/vmpressure: reduce CPU, memory and code overhead on cgroup v2"
(Usama Arif)

Optimize vmpressure() by skipping unnecessary work on cgroup v2 for
userspace event notifications and refactor v1-only eventfd handling
into mm/memcontrol-v1.c to reduce memory overhead and code complexity

- "selftests/mm: refactor pkey helpers and fix mmap error handling"
(Hongfu Li)

Refactor pkeys shared tracing and assertion helpers into a common
file, unify protection key selftests to use consistent diagnostic
logging and assertions, and enforce standardized MAP_FAILED return
checks for mmap() calls across the tests

- "mm/damon: optimize out nr_accesses_bp" (SJ Park)

Replace the error-prone, continuously updated nr_accesses_bp field in
damon_region with an on-demand moving sum function, reducing
structure memory overhead and avoiding state corruption bugs

- "Open HugeTLB allocation routine for more generic use" (Ackerley Tng)

Decouple HugeTLB folio allocation from VMA dependencies by
introducing hugetlb_alloc_folio(), enabling subsystems like
guest_memfd to allocate HugeTLB folios without standard VMA
reservations or pseudo-VMAs

- "mm/damon: provide pseudo moving sum probe_hits" (SJ Park)

Integrate DAMON's probe_hits attribute counter into the pseudo moving
sum infrastructure, enabling real-time, online monitoring without
waiting for full aggregation intervals

- "mm: Some cleanups for page allocator APIs" (Brendan Jackman)

Simplify and refactor the page allocator entry points and flags by
unifying allocation paths, adding internal alloc_flags arguments, and
eliminating redundant __ prefixed alloc_pages variants.

- "Fix incorrect access of hugetlb pte entries" (Dev Jain)

Enforce the consistent use of huge_ptep_get() instead of ptep_get()
for HugeTLB entries and fixes an unaligned address issue in arm64's
huge_ptep_get() implementation

- "mm/damon: validate all parameters in the core" (SJ Park)

Consolidate parameter validation into the DAMON core specifically
within damon_start() and damon_commit_ctx() to centralize error
checking, eliminate caller-side redundant checks and to improve
maintenance efficiency

- "tools/mm/page_owner_sort: fix filtering and cleanup issues" (Yichong
Chen)

Rename is_need() to filter_record() for clearer return semantics, fix
per-record allocation memory leaks and bound output copies in
search_pattern() to address an existing buffer issue

- "memcg: bail out reclaim when memcg is dying" (Jiayuan Chen)

Mitigate a system-wide stall which occurs when a cgroup is removed
while one of its memory control files is doing synchronous reclaim

- "mm/memory-failure: add panic option for unrecoverable pages" (Breno
Leitao)

Introduce an opt-in vm.panic_on_unrecoverable_memory_failure sysctl
that immediately panics the kernel on unrecoverable memory errors in
kernel-owned pages to preserve error context and prevent delayed,
silent data corruption

- "mm/damon: refactor damon_{start,stop,commit}() for simple error
handling" (SJ Park)

Refactor the DAMON core API functions to guarantee that all contexts
are fully stopped when damon_start(), damon_stop(), or damon_commit()
fail, eliminating the need for complex and error-prone caller-side
cleanup code

- "Keep tail page private zero at free and folio split" (Zi Yan)

Add checks to ensure tail_page->private is zero when freeing compound
or high-order pages and when promoting tail pages during large folio
splits. By validating these fields at free and split time, it allows
the removal of redundant private field clearing inside
prep_compound_tail()

- "mm: drop redundant lru_add_drain in anon folio reuse paths" (Barry
Song)

Eliminate redundant lru_add_drain() calls in
wp_can_reuse_anon_folio() and do_swap_page() to reduce LRU lock
contention and system overhead

By validating folio refcounts against the LRU cache before draining
and removing unnecessary drains in the swap path, it achieves up to a
30.5% reduction in drain calls during heavy swap workloads

- "mm: clean up folio LRU and swap declarations" (Jianyue Wu)

Reorganize folio LRU and swap code by relocating page-cluster state
to mm/swap_state.c, renaming mm/swap.c to mm/folio.c, and moving
MM-internal reclaim declarations into mm/internal.h.

- "userfaultfd: working set tracking for VM guest memory" (Kiryl
Shutsemau)

Add userfaultfd support for tracking the working set of VM guest
memory, so a VMM can identify hot pages and reclaim cold ones to
tiered or remote storage

- "mm: remove CONFIG_HAVE_BOOTMEM_INFO_NODE (Part 2)" (David
Hildenbrand)

Remove the remaining pieces of CONFIG_HAVE_BOOTMEM_INFO_NODE,
performing some smaller cleanups around freeing of reserved vmemmap
pages on the way.

- "mm/damon: update probe hits for runtime parameter commits" (SJ Park)

Ensure that DAMON's probe_hits attribute counter is properly updated
when monitoring intervals are changed at runtime, matching the
behavior of nr_accesses. To achieve this, it refactors and renames
existing helper functions for shared use, applies the updates to
probe_hits, and handles edge cases in damon_probe_hits_mvsum() to
maintain measurement accuracy.

- "KSM: performance optimizations for rmap_walk_ksm" (xu xin)

Resolve a severe KSM reverse-mapping performance bottleneck where
thousands of split VMAs sharing a single anon_vma cause extended lock
contention.

By adding an interval-filtering check during the rmap walk, it
reduces worst-case anon_vma lock hold times from over 500ms down to
under 2ms, preventing application freezes and latency spikes under
memory pressure.

- "mm: split a couple of headers from internal.h" (Mike Rapoport)

Split declarations related to mm_init, memblock, vmalloc and sparse
into new headers

- "KSM: use linear_page_index in collect_procs_ksm()" (xu xin)

Apply the interval tree optimization from rmap_walk_ksm() to
collect_procs_ksm() to avoid iterating over non-matching VMAs during
KSM memory error handling.

It hoists loop-invariant address initialization and restricts the
anon_vma_interval_tree_foreach walk to a targeted page offset range,
reducing redundant checks and improving lookup efficiency.

- "selftests/mm: avoid false failures in hugetlb and KSM tests" (Sayali
Patil)

Fix issues in the hugetlb and KSM MM selftest categories that can
report failures when the prerequisites for the tests are not
satisfied

- "mm/damon: introduce data attributes only monitoring" (SJ Park)

Introduce attribute-weighted region management in DAMON, allowing
users to prioritize specific data attributes (such as page sizes or
cgroups) over or instead of access monitoring.

By assigning weights to attribute probes, DAMON can completely
disable access tracking and adjust monitoring regions based on
weighted probe-hit counters to optimize monitoring quality for
attribute-focused workloads.

- "mm/hmm: Add mmap lock-drop support for userfaultfd-backed mappings"
(Stanislav Kinsburskii)

Extend hmm_range_fault() to support userfaultfd-backed regions by
allowing the mmap lock to be dropped during fault handling via a new
hmm_range_fault_locked() helper.

By accepting a locked pointer and signaling retry status when lock
release occurs, it enables page fault resolution in userfaultfd
regions while preserving backward compatibility for existing callers.

- "mm: make VMA page offset handling more consistent" (Lorenzo Stoakes)

Clean up and standardize how vma->vm_pgoff is accessed and
manipulated across file-backed and anonymous mappings in the kernel

It introduces dedicated helper functions such as vma_start_pgoff(),
vma_end_pgoff(), vma_set_pgoff() and linear_page_delta() while
renaming rmap interval tree helpers to better reflect their
functionality.

These changes establish a cleaner foundation for future work that
will unify virtual page offset indexing for all anonymous and CoW'd
folios.

- "mm: handle device-private PMDs in walk callbacks" (Usama Arif)

Address kernel panics and state corruption caused by MM walk
callbacks reaching non-present device-private PMD swap entries
created during HMM migrations

It ensures that functions which acquire pmd_trans_huge_lock()
properly recognize device-private PMDs instead of assuming a present
THP or a standard migration entry.

- "mm/rmap: Refactor try_to_unmap_one" (Dev Jain)

Refactor try_to_unmap_one by modularizing Hugetlb,
anonymous-lazyfree, and anonymous-swapbacked logic into dedicated
functions, laying the structural groundwork for batched anonymous
large folio unmapping.

- "Docs/ABI/damon: sysfs ABI document fixes and additions" (Song Hu)

Fix typos and fills in missing entries in the DAMON sysfs ABI
document

- "dax/kmem: atomic whole-device hotplug via sysfs" (Gregory Price)

Introduce an atomic sysfs state attribute and supporting DAX/MM
infrastructure to prevent userland races when offlining and removing
entire memory regions

By adding an unplugged state alongside standard online modes, it
enables whole-device atomic hotplug control while preserving backward
compatibility.

- "mm: convert more vm_flags_t users to vma_flags_t" (Lorenzo Stoakes)

Continue transitioning the kernel from the deprecated vm_flags_t type
to vma_flags_t across core memory management infrastructure.

It replaces legacy type usage in core functions such as do_mmap(),
unmapped area allocation, mm->def_vma_flags, and VMA operations like
mlock, mprotect, and mremap.

- "Two small patches to clean up mm/mm_slot.h" (xu xin)

Refactor mm_slot.h by introducing mm_slot_remove() to unify duplicate
slot deletion sequences in khugepaged and KSM. It also adds code
documentation explaining why mm_slot_lookup and mm_slot_insert must
remain as preprocessor macros rather than static inline functions.

- "mm/damon/core: hide core-private struct fields" (SJ Park)

Clean up DAMON core structures by consistently marking internal-only
fields with private: comment tags to prevent improper direct access
from outer layers.

It enforces encapsulation across core structures including
damon_region, damon_target, and damon_ctx and updates DAMON_SYSFS to
interact through approved access APIs instead of exposing raw struct
members.

- "mm/damon: unurgent fixes for infinite loop, NULL de-ref and races"
(SJ Park)

Address potential infinite loops, NULL dereferences, and race
conditions identified in DAMON

It fixes an infinite loop triggered by extreme user configurations, a
NULL pointer dereference within unit tests and minor monitoring
accuracy degradation caused by subtle runtime races.

- "mm/page_alloc: fixes for free_pages_nolock() on RT/UP" (Brendan
Jackman)

Fix an NMI safety flaw in __free_frozen_pages() where freeing pages
on non-SMP or PREEMPT_RT kernels can bypass can_spin_trylock() checks
via non-PCP or isolated migration paths.

It also resolves potential kernel crashes and privilege escalation
risks triggered when BPF tracing runs in NMI context alongside memory
hotplug or large allocation frees.

- "mm/page_alloc: couple of followups for recent cleanups" (Brendan
Jackman)

Clean up and update page allocator nomenclature, documentation, and
debug assertions.

It aligns internal FPI_ flags with the public "nolock" naming
convention, removes outdated internal implementation details from
high-level page allocator comments, and eliminates obsolete
VM_BUG_ON() assertions in allocation paths.

- "mm/mseal: further cleanups" (Lorenzo Stoakes)

Refactor and simplify the mseal implementation by clarifying API
boundaries and removing unnecessary code complexity.

It replaces generic do_mseal() usage outside the syscall with a
dedicated mseal_mmap_page_zero() helper for MMAP_PAGE_ZERO,
eliminates mm_struct parameters to enforce that sealing applies only
to current->mm, and streamlines overall logic and comments with no
functional changes intended.

- "mm/vmscan: fix swappiness=max and clean up per-node proactive
reclaim" (Ridong Chen)

Resolve reclaim behavior bugs and clean up function parameters across
memory reclaim paths

It fixes swappiness=max in both standard reclaim and MGLRU so
unswappable anonymous memory no longer falls back to evicting page
cache, ensures reclaim_store() returns accurate error codes instead
of collapsing all failures into -EAGAIN, and removes the obsolete
gfp_mask parameter from __node_reclaim().

- "mm: mincore: misc cleanups" (Kefeng Wang)

Clean up and simplifies the mincore code. Most importantly, it
removes the historical special behavior that always reports VM_PFNMAP
pages as non-resident.

- "mm/huge_memory: drop dead split helper variants" (Kiryl Shutsemau)

Two trivial cleanups in the folio split API

- "mm/damon: fix uninitialized DAMOS field and kunit exec expectation
bugs" (SJ Park)

Resolve minor operational and testing bugs in DAMON identified by
Sashiko. It initializes the damos->last_applied field to prevent
occasional efficiency degradation and fixes invalid memory accesses
in DAMON KUnit tests during test failure handling.

- "cleanup for stable_page_flags()" (Jinjiang Tu)

Clean up and refactor stable_page_flags() used by /proc/kpageflags
without altering functionality.

It uses BIT_ULL() to prevent shift-overflow warnings on 64-bit flag
bits, converts folio-specific flag checks to standard folio_test_*()
helpers, and removes redundant CONFIG_PAGE_IDLE_FLAG handling.

- "Batch unmap of uffd-wp file folios" (Dev Jain)

Extend batched folio unmapping support to file folios within
userfaultfd write-protect (uffd-wp) VMAs by adding batching
capabilities to pte_install_uffd_wp_if_needed().

This removes special-case restrictions on uffd-wp VMAs in
try_to_unmap_one(), significantly simplifying the function's control
flow and complexity.

- "mm/early_ioremap: clarify and clean up early_ioremap_reset()"
(Sang-Heon Jeon)

Clarify and clean up the architecture-specific usage of
__late_set_fixmap() and __late_clear_fixmap() after
early_ioremap_reset()

It adds explicit documentation regarding when early_ioremap_reset()
must be called and removes redundant macro definitions and reset
calls in the RISC-V and ARM64 architectures.

- "mm: fix reclaim storms in defrag_mode" (Johannes Weiner)

Address severe performance regressions, swap storms, and spurious
OOMs caused by vm.defrag_mode=1 under high memory pressure in Meta
production

It updates the page allocator slowpath so non-movable allocation
requests actively trigger direct reclaim and direct compaction at
pageblock_order scale, allowing them to claim whole pageblocks rather
than spinning unproductively.

- "zram: lockmap tweaks" (Sebastian Siewior)

Optimize and fix lockdep tracking for zram devices by consolidating
per-entry lockmaps and isolate lock classes across multiple instances

This reduces memory overhead by replacing per-entry lockdep_map
instances with a single map per struct zram, and assigns a dynamic
lock_class_key to each instance to prevent false deadlock reports
when different zram devices are backed by distinct filesystems.

* tag 'mm-stable-2026-08-18-18-39' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/akpm/mm: (501 commits)
selftests/mm: thuge-gen: fix test_shmget() for PAGE_SIZE check
selftests/mm: unpoison pages in memory-failure teardown
mm/shmem: downgrade final i_blocks check in shmem_evict_inode() to pr_warn()
mm/khugepaged: replace mutex_lock/mutex_unlock usage with guard macro
mm/zsmalloc: fix release order of locks in zs_page_migrate()
Documentation: zram: remove sections numbering
ksm: stop iterating VMAs when ksm_test_exit returns true
mm: fold userfaultfd_rwp() to false without CONFIG_ARCH_HAS_PTE_PROTNONE
mm/migrate: report RCU-tasks quiescent states in migrate_pages_batch()
zram: use a custom key for each zram object
zram: move lockmap to be per-zram instead per table
selftests/mm: fix gup_longterm EINVAL error message
mm: page_alloc: fix non-movable reclaim storm in defrag_mode
mm: page_alloc: move capture_control to the page allocator
mm: compaction: support non-movable compaction for pageblock requests
mm: page_alloc: __GFP_FS lockdep annotation for direct compaction
hugetlb: evaluate subpool free state while locked
mm/damon: remove trailing semicolons after function definitions
mm/damon/ops-common: prevent migration fallback to non-target nodes
mm/damon: update outdated comment about DAMOS filter handling
...

show more ...

Merge tag 'riscv-for-linus-7.3-mw1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/riscv/linux

Pull RISC-V updates from Paul Walmsley

- Add initial definitions and discovery for the Smcsrind, Ss

Merge tag 'riscv-for-linus-7.3-mw1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/riscv/linux

Pull RISC-V updates from Paul Walmsley

- Add initial definitions and discovery for the Smcsrind, Sscsrind,
Smcntrpmf, Ssccfg, Smcdeleg, Zicclsm, Ziccamoa, Ziccif, Ziccrse,
Za64rs, and Ssqosid RISC-V ISA extensions

- Improve the RISC-V update_mmu_cache_range() implementation by using
flush-by-ASID, enabling performance improvements on
microarchitectures that support related optimizations; and by taking
advantage of the Svinval RISC-V ISA extension on microarchitectures
that support it

- Shrink CFI shadow stack allocation further (to 512MB) to save virtual
address space (and physical memory on systems with strict overcommit
policies)

- Add initial CPU context switch support for QoS tagging (Ssqosid)

- Change our vector misaligned access speed test code to be
synchronous, avoiding a bunch of bugs related to unnecessary
asynchronicity

- Enable ARCH_HAS_ACPI_TABLE_UPGRADE for RISC-V to help with ACPI table
debugging (similar to ARM64 and x86)

- Extract vDSO section offsets at build time, rather than run time, to
avoid the boot time overhead

- Use assembler directives to control the use of instructions from the
RISC-V ISA extensions Zacas and Zabha, rather than compiler -march
flags that could affect the whole kernel (similar to ARM64)

- Add a kselftest for kprobes support for the c.jal instruction on
RISC-V

- When UEFI runtime services are available, use them to restart and
power off

- Fix ARCH_HAS_ACPI_TABLE_UPGRADE for RISC-V by adding a missing
include file to the ACPI code

- Move contiguous DMA memory reservation later in the boot, to ensure
that the correct global and per-node pools are allocated when
CONFIG_CMA_SIZE_PERNUMA is enabled

- Disallow probes on breakpoint handlers to avoid recursing
indefinitely into do_trap_break()

- Patch the compat vDSO during runtime alternatives processing, not
only the standard vDSO

- Remove some leftover XIP support elements missed by commit
9b3a2be84803 ("riscv: Remove support for XIP kernel")

- Fix broadcast timer switching in ACPI LPI power states by
implementing a RISC-V version of arch_get_idle_state_flags()

- Miscellaneous fixes, including: vDSO makefile simplification; marking
our default_power_off() as __noreturn; error path fixes in the PMU
SBI perf driver; RISC-V extension capitalization consistency; the use
of BIT() macros in one of our include files; and some documentation
fixes

* tag 'riscv-for-linus-7.3-mw1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/riscv/linux: (39 commits)
RISC-V: hwprobe: Use BIT macro to avoid warnings
riscv: alternative: Also patch the compat vDSO
riscv: alternative: Use the statically extracted vDSO section offsets
riscv: vdso: Add symbols for the alternative section boundaries
riscv: Add Ziccamoa, Ziccif, Ziccrse, and Za64rs to cpufeature and hwprobe
riscv: Add Zicclsm to cpufeature and hwprobe
riscv: cpufeature: Clarify ISA spec version for canonical order
riscv: Standardize extension capitalization
riscv: kprobes: Prevent probes in breakpoint handlers
riscv: cmpxchg: Use .option arch for Zacas and Zabha
riscv: acpi: Handle LPI architectural context loss flags
riscv: further remove XIP
riscv: Add support for srmcfg CSR from Ssqosid extension
riscv: Detect the Ssqosid extension
dt-bindings: riscv: Add Ssqosid extension description
dt-bindings: riscv: add Counter delegation ISA extensions description
RISC-V: Add Ssccfg/Smcdeleg ISA extension definition and parsing
RISC-V: Add Ssccfg extension CSR definition
dt-bindings: riscv: add Smcntrpmf ISA extension description
RISC-V: Add Smcntrpmf extension parsing
...

show more ...

Merge tag 'timers-vdso-2026-08-17' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip

Pull VDSO updates from Thomas Gleixner:

- Consolidate the VDSO datastore further and provide support for

Merge tag 'timers-vdso-2026-08-17' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip

Pull VDSO updates from Thomas Gleixner:

- Consolidate the VDSO datastore further and provide support for
mlock_all() and prefaulting.

- Provide 32-bit legacy time related functionality only if
CONFIG_COMPAT_32BIT_TIME is enabled. The config switch exists,
but architecture code still exposes the legacy functionality even
disabled.

Clean this up by adding the missing guards and validating at build
time that the VDSO is legacy free if disabled.

- Consolidate the VDSO related config options in core and drivers,
which removes some non-sensical dependencies and quite an amount of
#ifdeffery.

- Clean up the PAGE_SIZE definition maze

* tag 'timers-vdso-2026-08-17' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip: (30 commits)
random: vDSO: Drop custom PAGE_SIZE definitions
LoongArch: Remove CONFIG_GENERIC_GETTIMEOFDAY ifdeffery
clocksource/drivers/timer-riscv: Remove CONFIG_GENERIC_GETTIMEOFDAY ifdeffery
clocksource/drivers/arm_arch_timer: Remove CONFIG_GENERIC_GETTIMEOFDAY ifdeffery
clocksource/drivers/mips-gic-timer: Remove CONFIG_GENERIC_GETTIMEOFDAY ifdeffery
MIPS: csrc-r4k: Remove CONFIG_GENERIC_GETTIMEOFDAY ifdeffery
vDSO: Make clockmode constants available without CONFIG_GENERIC_GETTIMEOFDAY
kbuild: Support generated asm-headers in subdirectories
vdso: Rename HAVE_GENERIC_VDSO to VDSO_DATASTORE
vdso: Drop HAVE_GENERIC_VDSO from architecture kconfig files
vdso: Automatically select HAVE_GENERIC_VDSO if necessary
MIPS: vdso: Stop using CONFIG_HAVE_GENERIC_VDSO
vdso: Remove the dependency on HAVE_GENERIC_VDSO from ARCH_HAS_VDSO_ARCH_DATA
futex: Remove dependency on HAVE_GENERIC_VDSO from FUTEX_ROBUST_UNLOCK
vdso/gettimeofday: Verify COMPAT_32BIT_TIME interactions
sparc: vdso: Respect COMPAT_32BIT_TIME
MIPS: VDSO: Respect COMPAT_32BIT_TIME
powerpc/vdso: Respect COMPAT_32BIT_TIME
ARM: VDSO: Respect COMPAT_32BIT_TIME
arm64: vdso32: Respect COMPAT_32BIT_TIME
...

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Merge tag 'timers-cleanups-2026-08-17' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip

Pull treewide timer related cleanups from Thomas Gleixner:

- Remove the leftover CLOCK_TICK_RATE whi

Merge tag 'timers-cleanups-2026-08-17' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip

Pull treewide timer related cleanups from Thomas Gleixner:

- Remove the leftover CLOCK_TICK_RATE which has been scheduled for
removal more than a decade ago along with some now empty asm/timex.h
files.

- Consolidate delay timer calibration

The construct of having a define in a header requires that
architectures provided asm/timex.h for no reason. Also the function
name for reading the delay timer is confusing at best.

Use a config switch to enable that functionality and rename the
function to delay_read_timer() to make the purpose clear.

This removes some more now empty asm/timex.h files as well.

* tag 'timers-cleanups-2026-08-17' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip:
calibrate: Rework delay timer calibration
treewide: Remove CLOCK_TICK_RATE
x86: Use PIT_TICK_RATE instead of CLOCK_TICK_RATE

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riscv: Add support for srmcfg CSR from Ssqosid extension

Add support for the srmcfg CSR defined in the Ssqosid ISA extension.
The CSR contains two fields:

- Resource Control ID (RCID) for resourc

riscv: Add support for srmcfg CSR from Ssqosid extension

Add support for the srmcfg CSR defined in the Ssqosid ISA extension.
The CSR contains two fields:

- Resource Control ID (RCID) for resource allocation
- Monitoring Counter ID (MCID) for tracking resource usage

Requests from a hart to shared resources are tagged with these IDs,
allowing resource usage to be associated with the running task.

Add a srmcfg field to thread_struct with the same format as the CSR.
The context-switch path writes the field to the CSR, and
resctrl_arch_set_closid_rmid() updates it when a task is assigned to a
resctrl control or monitoring group.

A per-cpu cpu_srmcfg_default holds the default srmcfg for each CPU, set
by resctrl_arch_set_cpu_default_closid_rmid() on CPU group assignment.
On context switch, RCID and MCID inherit from the CPU default
independently: a task whose thread RCID field is zero takes the CPU
default's RCID, and likewise for MCID.

A per-cpu cpu_srmcfg variable mirrors the CSR state to avoid
redundant writes. L1D-hot memory access is faster than a CSR read and
avoids traps under virtualization.

Link: https://github.com/riscv/riscv-ssqosid/releases/tag/v1.0
Assisted-by: Claude:claude-opus-4-7
Co-developed-by: Kornel Dulęba <mindal@semihalf.com>
Signed-off-by: Kornel Dulęba <mindal@semihalf.com>
Signed-off-by: Drew Fustini <fustini@kernel.org>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260729-dfustini-atl-sc-cbqri-dt-v6-3-7c22b05d461b@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Paul Walmsley <pjw@kernel.org>

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riscv: acpi: Enable ARCH_HAS_ACPI_TABLE_UPGRADE

Implement the various required hooks and enable
ARCH_HAS_ACPI_TABLE_UPGRADE to allow use for ACPI_TABLE_UPGRADE, which
is useful for debugging ACPI ta

riscv: acpi: Enable ARCH_HAS_ACPI_TABLE_UPGRADE

Implement the various required hooks and enable
ARCH_HAS_ACPI_TABLE_UPGRADE to allow use for ACPI_TABLE_UPGRADE, which
is useful for debugging ACPI table problems.

The implementation is based on arm64's of the same feature due to the
similarities of the requirements of the two platforms.

Signed-off-by: Vivian Wang <wangruikang@iscas.ac.cn>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260616-riscv-acpi-table-upgrade-v1-2-45902d2dedf9@iscas.ac.cn
[pjw@kernel.org: updated to apply]
Signed-off-by: Paul Walmsley <pjw@kernel.org>

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mm: decouple protnone helpers from CONFIG_NUMA_BALANCING

Patch series "userfaultfd: working set tracking for VM guest memory", v10.

This series adds userfaultfd support for tracking the working set

mm: decouple protnone helpers from CONFIG_NUMA_BALANCING

Patch series "userfaultfd: working set tracking for VM guest memory", v10.

This series adds userfaultfd support for tracking the working set of VM
guest memory, so a VMM can identify hot pages and reclaim cold ones to
tiered or remote storage.


This patch (of 15):

pte_protnone() and pmd_protnone() detect present-but-inaccessible page
table entries. This capability is useful beyond NUMA balancing -- for
example, userfaultfd working set tracking uses protnone PTEs to track page
access without unmapping pages.

Introduce CONFIG_ARCH_HAS_PTE_PROTNONE to decouple the protnone PTE
infrastructure from CONFIG_NUMA_BALANCING. The six architectures that
support protnone PTEs (x86_64, arm64, powerpc, s390, riscv, loongarch) now
select this option, and CONFIG_NUMA_BALANCING depends on it.

No functional change -- the same set of architectures continues to have
working protnone support, but the infrastructure is now available
independently of NUMA balancing.

Link: https://lore.kernel.org/20260708111417.173443-1-kirill@shutemov.name
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/20260708111417.173443-2-kirill@shutemov.name
Signed-off-by: Kiryl Shutsemau (Meta) <kas@kernel.org>
Assisted-by: Claude:claude-opus-4-6
Acked-by: SeongJae Park <sj@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Mike Rapoport (Microsoft) <rppt@kernel.org>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: David Hildenbrand <david@kernel.org>
Cc: James Houghton <jthoughton@google.com>
Cc: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>
Cc: Liam Howlett <liam@infradead.org>
Cc: Lorenzo Stoakes <ljs@kernel.org>
Cc: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Cc: Peter Xu <peterx@redhat.com>
Cc: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Cc: Suren Baghdasaryan <surenb@google.com>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@kernel.org>
Cc: Zi Yan <ziy@nvidia.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>

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mm: rename ARCH_ENABLE_THP_MIGRATION to ARCH_HAS_PMD_SOFTLEAVES

CONFIG_ARCH_ENABLE_THP_MIGRATION gates PMD-level migration entries.
PMD-level device-private entries use the same migration mechanism

mm: rename ARCH_ENABLE_THP_MIGRATION to ARCH_HAS_PMD_SOFTLEAVES

CONFIG_ARCH_ENABLE_THP_MIGRATION gates PMD-level migration entries.
PMD-level device-private entries use the same migration mechanism and
therefore require the same architecture support.

Upcoming PMD-level swap entries can use the same PMD softleaf helpers
without depending on page migration, so rename the architecture gate to
CONFIG_ARCH_HAS_PMD_SOFTLEAVES. This describes the PMD entry capability
rather than one current user of it.

This is a pure rename: the set of selecting architectures (x86, arm64,
s390, riscv, loongarch, and powerpc on PPC_BOOK3S_64) and the gating
semantics are unchanged.

No functional change intended.

Link: https://lore.kernel.org/20260706114320.1643046-7-usama.arif@linux.dev
Signed-off-by: Usama Arif <usama.arif@linux.dev>
Reviewed-by: Zi Yan <ziy@nvidia.com>
Acked-by: David Hildenbrand (Arm) <david@kernel.org>
Cc: Alexandre Ghiti <alex@ghiti.fr>
Cc: Baolin Wang <baolin.wang@linux.alibaba.com>
Cc: Baoquan He <baoquan.he@linux.dev>
Cc: Barry Song <baohua@kernel.org>
Cc: Chris Li <chrisl@kernel.org>
Cc: Dev Jain <dev.jain@arm.com>
Cc: "Huang, Ying" <ying.huang@linux.alibaba.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Kairui Song <kasong@tencent.com>
Cc: Kemeng Shi <shikemeng@huaweicloud.com>
Cc: Kiryl Shutsemau <kas@kernel.org>
Cc: Lance Yang <lance.yang@linux.dev>
Cc: Liam R. Howlett <liam@infradead.org>
Cc: Lorenzo Stoakes <ljs@kernel.org>
Cc: Matthew Wilcox (Oracle) <willy@infradead.org>
Cc: Nhat Pham <nphamcs@gmail.com>
Cc: Nico Pache <npache@redhat.com>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@surriel.com>
Cc: Ryan Roberts <ryan.roberts@arm.com>
Cc: Shakeel Butt <shakeel.butt@linux.dev>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>

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calibrate: Rework delay timer calibration

The header define in asm/timex,h and the naming of the function to read the
delay timer are confusing at best.

Convert it to a config switch selected by th

calibrate: Rework delay timer calibration

The header define in asm/timex,h and the naming of the function to read the
delay timer are confusing at best.

Convert it to a config switch selected by the archictures which provide the
functionality and rename the function to delay_read_timer(), which makes
the purpose clear. Move the declaration to linux/delay.h where it belongs.

Remove the resulting empty asm/timex.h files as well.

No functional change.

Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@kernel.org>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260410120317.978403520@kernel.org

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vdso: Rename HAVE_GENERIC_VDSO to VDSO_DATASTORE

Over time the meaning of HAVE_GENERIC_VDSO has become off.
Today it only controls the availability of the vDSO datastore.

Rename the symbol to match

vdso: Rename HAVE_GENERIC_VDSO to VDSO_DATASTORE

Over time the meaning of HAVE_GENERIC_VDSO has become off.
Today it only controls the availability of the vDSO datastore.

Rename the symbol to match its function.

Signed-off-by: Thomas Weißschuh <thomas.weissschuh@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Vincenzo Frascino <vincenzo.frascino@arm.com>
Reviewed-by: Philippe Mathieu-Daudé <philmd@oss.qualcomm.com>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260709-vdso-have_generic_vdso-v1-6-d2e1061f268b@linutronix.de

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vdso: Drop HAVE_GENERIC_VDSO from architecture kconfig files

Now that GENERIC_GETTIMEOFDAY and VDSO_GETRANDOM enable
HAVE_GENERIC_VDSO automatically, the architecture specific kconfig files
do not n

vdso: Drop HAVE_GENERIC_VDSO from architecture kconfig files

Now that GENERIC_GETTIMEOFDAY and VDSO_GETRANDOM enable
HAVE_GENERIC_VDSO automatically, the architecture specific kconfig files
do not need to do so anymore.

Remove the corresponding lines.

Keep them for riscv, loongarch and powerpc as those have their own
explicit usage of the vDSO datastore provided by HAVE_GENERIC_VDSO.

Signed-off-by: Thomas Weißschuh <thomas.weissschuh@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Vincenzo Frascino <vincenzo.frascino@arm.com>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260709-vdso-have_generic_vdso-v1-5-d2e1061f268b@linutronix.de

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vdso: Remove the dependency on HAVE_GENERIC_VDSO from ARCH_HAS_VDSO_ARCH_DATA

Align ARCH_HAS_VDSO_ARCH_DATA with ARCH_HAS_VDSO_TIME_DATA, making it
selectable even without HAVE_GENERIC_VDSO.

It wil

vdso: Remove the dependency on HAVE_GENERIC_VDSO from ARCH_HAS_VDSO_ARCH_DATA

Align ARCH_HAS_VDSO_ARCH_DATA with ARCH_HAS_VDSO_TIME_DATA, making it
selectable even without HAVE_GENERIC_VDSO.

It will only have an effect when HAVE_GENERIC_VDSO is enabled anyways,
but this makes the architecture Kconfig files a bit simpler.

Signed-off-by: Thomas Weißschuh <thomas.weissschuh@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Vincenzo Frascino <vincenzo.frascino@arm.com>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260709-vdso-have_generic_vdso-v1-2-d2e1061f268b@linutronix.de

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riscv: Gate FUNCTION_ALIGNMENT_4B on DYNAMIC_FTRACE

The FUNCTION_ALIGNMENT_4B select forces the whole kernel to be built
with -fmin-function-alignment=4. This alignment is only needed so the
patchab

riscv: Gate FUNCTION_ALIGNMENT_4B on DYNAMIC_FTRACE

The FUNCTION_ALIGNMENT_4B select forces the whole kernel to be built
with -fmin-function-alignment=4. This alignment is only needed so the
patchable-function-entry NOPs, which arch/riscv/Makefile emits under
CONFIG_DYNAMIC_FTRACE, can be patched reliably on RISCV_ISA_C=y builds
where compressed instructions otherwise allow 2-byte function
alignment.

The select is currently gated on HAVE_DYNAMIC_FTRACE, a capability bit
that is selected whenever the toolchain supports dynamic ftrace, rather
than on whether tracing is actually enabled. As a result every
RISCV_ISA_C=y build gets 4-byte function alignment across the entire
kernel even when function tracing is disabled, needlessly growing the
kernel image and wasting instruction cache for a feature that is not
in use.

Gate the select on DYNAMIC_FTRACE instead, matching the condition under
which arch/riscv/Makefile emits -fpatchable-function-entry, so the
alignment is only applied when it is actually needed.

Fixes: c41bf4326c7b ("riscv: ftrace: align patchable functions to 4 Byte boundary")
Signed-off-by: Rui Qi <qirui.001@bytedance.com>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260706130415.463682-1-qirui.001@bytedance.com
Signed-off-by: Paul Walmsley <pjw@kernel.org>

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riscv: Raise default NR_CPUS for 64BIT to 256

SpacemiT has already produced a 80-core RVA23 RISC-V server [1], and
going further back, the dual-socket SG2042-based Sophgo Pisces has 128
cores (altho

riscv: Raise default NR_CPUS for 64BIT to 256

SpacemiT has already produced a 80-core RVA23 RISC-V server [1], and
going further back, the dual-socket SG2042-based Sophgo Pisces has 128
cores (although that had some issues achieving mainline support).
Therefore, an NR_CPUS of 64 is not enough.

Raise default NR_CPUS to 256 for 64BIT (when !RISCV_SBI_V01, since very
old firmware can't support more than 64 cores). The number was picked as
a power of two that is at least double the known max. I believe this
should be the right balance between not wasting too much memory and not
having to touch this too often.

Ubuntu has already been shipping NR_CPUS=512 for riscv64. We have also
been testing NR_CPUS=256 internally at ISCAS and found negligible
performance impact and no ill effects.

Reported-by: Lufei Zheng <lufei.zheng@spacemit.com>
Link: https://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=1140651 # [1]
Suggested-by: Han Gao <gaohan@iscas.ac.cn>
Signed-off-by: Vivian Wang <wangruikang@iscas.ac.cn>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260625-riscv-more-nr-cpus-v1-1-5da8c72b9269@iscas.ac.cn
Signed-off-by: Paul Walmsley <pjw@kernel.org>

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Merge tag 'mm-nonmm-stable-2026-06-21-10-22' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/akpm/mm

Pull non-MM updates from Andrew Morton:

- "taskstats: fix TGID dead-thread stat retention" (Yi

Merge tag 'mm-nonmm-stable-2026-06-21-10-22' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/akpm/mm

Pull non-MM updates from Andrew Morton:

- "taskstats: fix TGID dead-thread stat retention" (Yiyang Chen)

Fix a taskstats TGID aggregation bug where fields added in the TGID
query path were not preserved after thread exit, and adds a kselftest
covering the regression.

- "lib/tests: string_helpers: Slight improvements" (Andy Shevchenko)

Improve lib/tests/string_helpers_kunit.c a little

- "lib/base64: decode fixes" (Josh Law)

Address minor issues in lib/base64.c

- "selftests/filelock: Make output more kselftestish" (Mark Brown)

Make the output from the ofdlocks test a bit easier for tooling to
work with. Also ignore the generated file

- "uaccess: unify inline vs outline copy_{from,to}_user() selection"
(Yury Norov)

Simplify the usercopy code by removing the selectability of inlining
copy_{from,to}_user().

- "ocfs2: validate inline xattr header consumers" (ZhengYuan Huang)

Fix a number of possible issues in the ocfs2 xattr code

- "lib and lib/cmdline enhancements" (Dmitry Antipov)

Provide additional robustness checking in the cmdline handling code
and its in-kernel testing and selftests

- "cleanup the RAID6 P/Q library" (Christoph Hellwig)

Clean up the RAID6 P/Q library to match the recent updates to the
RAID 5 XOR library and other CRC/crypto libraries

- "ocfs2: harden inode validators against forged metadata" (Michael
Bommarito)

Add three structural checks to OCFS2 dinode validation so malformed
on-disk fields are rejected before ocfs2_populate_inode() copies them
into the in-core inode

- "lib/raid: replace __get_free_pages() call with kmalloc()" (Mike
Rapoport)

Clean up the lib/raid code by using kmalloc() in more places

* tag 'mm-nonmm-stable-2026-06-21-10-22' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/akpm/mm: (108 commits)
ocfs2: fix circular locking dependency in ocfs2_dio_end_io_write
ocfs2: fix NULL h_transaction deref in ocfs2_assure_trans_credits
lib: interval_tree_test: validate benchmark parameters
ocfs2: avoid moving extents to occupied clusters
treewide: fix transposed "sign" typos and update spelling.txt
ocfs2: fix UBSAN array-index-out-of-bounds in ocfs2_sum_rightmost_rec
fat: reject BPB volumes whose data area starts beyond total sectors
selftests/uevent: increase __UEVENT_BUFFER_SIZE to avoid ENOBUFS on busy systems
lib/test_firmware: allocate the configured into_buf size
fs: efs: remove unneeded debug prints
checkpatch: cuppress warnings when Reported-by: is followed by Link:
MAINTAINERS: add Alexander as a kcov reviewer
mailmap: update Alexander Sverdlin's Email addresses
fs: fat: inode: replace sprintf() with scnprintf()
ocfs2: fix out-of-bounds write in ocfs2_remove_refcount_extent
ocfs2: fix race between ocfs2_control_install_private() and ocfs2_control_release()
ocfs2/dlm: require a ref for locking_state debugfs open
ocfs2: reject FITRIM ranges shorter than a cluster
ocfs2: validate fast symlink target during inode read
ocfs2: add journal NULL check in ocfs2_checkpoint_inode()
...

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Merge tag 'riscv-for-linus-7.2-mw1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/riscv/linux

Pull RISC-V updates from Paul Walmsley:

- Prevent get_free_mem_region() from returning regions that

Merge tag 'riscv-for-linus-7.2-mw1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/riscv/linux

Pull RISC-V updates from Paul Walmsley:

- Prevent get_free_mem_region() from returning regions that are
unmappable in certain circumstances by defining
DIRECT_MAP_PHYSMEM_END for RISC-V

- Fix an early boot problem with kexec_file when the amount of
installed physical memory installed on the system exceeds the direct
map size, which is possible in certain RISC-V virtual memory modes

- Unconditionally sfence.vma in the new vmalloc area handling code in
the page fault handler, since even the presence of Svvptc doesn't
guarantee that the CPU won't immediately fault again after the
exception handler completes and subsequently crash

- Fix ftrace_graph_ret_addr() to use the correct task pointer (aligning
with what other architectures do)

- Fix the misaligned access performance checking code in cases when
performance is specified on the kernel command line and when CPUs
have been brought offline and back online

- Get rid of a bogus address offset in the non-frame-pointer version of
walk_stackframe(), aligning it with the frame pointer-based code

- Fix a RISC-V kfence issue causing bogus use-after-free warnings

- Add ARCH_HAS_CC_CAN_LINK for RISC-V, which needs different compiler
command line flags than other architectures

- Implement _THIS_IP_ using RISC-V-specific assembly, which seems to be
less brittle (from a compiler point of view) than taking the address
of a label

- Reduce kernel startup overhead by defining
HAVE_BUILDTIME_MCOUNT_SORT, since arch/riscv meets all the
requirements

- Patch the CFI vDSO during alternatives processing, not only the
standard vDSO

- Fix a potential memory leak in the cacheinfo code

- Clean up kernel/setup.c:add_resource() to pass along the return value
from insert_resource() and to improve the display of resource ranges

- Clean up our purgatory.[ch] by aligning our purgatory() prototype to
what's in arch/x86, and by cleaning up verify_sha256_digest()

- Clean up cpu_is_stopped() to align its function a little more closely
to its name

- Replace some unbounded string function usage in get_early_cmdline()
and the ptdump code with strscpy()

- Replace sprintf() with sysfs_emit() in cpu_show_ghostwrite() for
safer bounds checking

- Standardize how compiler output flags are specified in the RISC-V
kselftests, aligning them with what other architectures do

- Use the Linux-generic cmp_int() macro in place of an open-coded
"cmp_3way()" macro in kernel/module-sections.c

- Panic early in boot if IRQ handler stacks can't be allocated rather
than pretending to continue normally

- Add support for Eswin SoCs in the RISC-V defconfig

- Remove some unnecessary conditionals in sbi_hsm_hart_{start,stop}()

- Clean up some Kconfig infelicities found by Kconfirm

- Replace an open-coded version of min() in the kexec_elf code with
the standard min() function

* tag 'riscv-for-linus-7.2-mw1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/riscv/linux: (36 commits)
riscv: traps_misaligned: Avoid redundant unaligned access speed probe
riscv: misaligned: Fix fast_unaligned_access_speed_key init
riscv: also select ARCH_KEEP_MEMBLOCK if kexec is selected
riscv: alternative: Also patch the CFI vDSO
riscv: alternative: Pass vDSO start as parameter to apply_vdso_alternatives()
riscv: alternative: Use IS_ENABLED() over ifdeffery for apply_vdso_alternatives()
riscv: vdso: Always declare vdso_start symbols
riscv: kexec: use min to simplify riscv_kexec_elf_load
riscv: panic if IRQ handler stacks cannot be allocated
riscv: mm: Unconditionally sfence.vma for spurious fault
riscv: mm: Use the bitmap API for new_valid_map_cpus
riscv: mm: Rename new_vmalloc into new_valid_map_cpus
riscv: kfence: Call mark_new_valid_map() for kfence_unprotect()
riscv: mm: Extract helper mark_new_valid_map()
riscv: stacktrace: Remove bogus -0x4 offset in non-FP walk_stackframe
riscv: cacheinfo: Fix node reference leak in populate_cache_leaves
riscv: kexec_file: Constrain segment placement to direct map
riscv: mm: Define DIRECT_MAP_PHYSMEM_END
riscv: defconfig: Enable Eswin SoCs
riscv: cpu_ops_sbi: No need to be bothered to check ret.error
...

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Merge tag 'bitmap-for-7.2' of https://github.com/norov/linux

Pull bitmap updates from Yury Norov:
"This includes the new FIELD_GET_SIGNED() helper,
bitmap_print_to_pagebuf() removal, RISCV/bitrev

Merge tag 'bitmap-for-7.2' of https://github.com/norov/linux

Pull bitmap updates from Yury Norov:
"This includes the new FIELD_GET_SIGNED() helper,
bitmap_print_to_pagebuf() removal, RISCV/bitrev support, and a couple
cleanups.

- new handy helper FIELD_GET_SIGNED() (Yury)

- arch test_and_set_bit_lock() and clear_bit_unlock() cleanup (Randy)

- __bf_shf() simplification (Yury)

- bitmap_print_to_pagebuf() removal (Yury)

- RISCV/bitrev conditional support (Jindie, Yury)"

* tag 'bitmap-for-7.2' of https://github.com/norov/linux:
MAINTAINERS: BITOPS: include bitrev.[ch]
arch/riscv: Add bitrev.h file to support rev8 and brev8
bitops: Define generic___bitrev8/16/32 for reuse
lib/bitrev: Introduce GENERIC_BITREVERSE
arch: select HAVE_ARCH_BITREVERSE conditionally on BITREVERSE
bitmap: fix find helper documentation
bitmap: drop bitmap_print_to_pagebuf()
cpumask: switch cpumap_print_to_pagebuf() to using scnprintf()
bitfield: wire __bf_shf to __builtin_ctzll
bitops: use common function parameter names
ptp: switch to using FIELD_GET_SIGNED()
rtc: rv3032: switch to using FIELD_GET_SIGNED()
wifi: rtw89: switch to using FIELD_GET_SIGNED()
iio: mcp9600: switch to using FIELD_GET_SIGNED()
iio: pressure: bmp280: switch to using FIELD_GET_SIGNED()
iio: magnetometer: yas530: switch to using FIELD_GET_SIGNED()
iio: intel_dc_ti_adc: switch to using FIELD_GET_SIGNED()
x86/extable: switch to using FIELD_GET_SIGNED()
bitfield: add FIELD_GET_SIGNED()

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Merge tag 'timers-vdso-2026-06-13' of gitolite.kernel.org:pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip

Pull vdso updates from Thomas Gleixner:

- Remove the redundant CONFIG_GENERIC_TIME_VSYSCALL after convert

Merge tag 'timers-vdso-2026-06-13' of gitolite.kernel.org:pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip

Pull vdso updates from Thomas Gleixner:

- Remove the redundant CONFIG_GENERIC_TIME_VSYSCALL after converting
the remaining users over.

- Rework and sanitize the MIPS VDSO handling, so it does not handle the
time related VDSO if there is no VDSO capable clocksource available.
Also stop mapping VDSO data pages unconditionally even if there is no
usage possible.

* tag 'timers-vdso-2026-06-13' of gitolite.kernel.org:pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip:
MIPS: VDSO: Fold MIPS_CLOCK_VSYSCALL into MIPS_GENERIC_GETTIMEOFDAY
MIPS: VDSO: Gate microMIPS restriction on GCC version
MIPS: VDSO: Fold MIPS_DISABLE_VDSO into MIPS_GENERIC_GETTIMEOFDAY
clocksource/drivers/mips-gic-timer: Only use VDSO_CLOCKMODE_GIC when it is a available
MIPS: csrc-r4k: Only use VDSO_CLOCKMODE_R4K when it is a available
MIPS: VDSO: Only map the data pages when the vDSO is used
MIPS: Introduce Kconfig MIPS_GENERIC_GETTIMEOFDAY
vdso/datastore: Always provide symbol declarations
MAINTAINERS: Add include/linux/vdso_datastore.h to vDSO block
vdso/gettimeofday: Rename __arch_get_vdso_u_timens_data()
vdso/treewide: Drop GENERIC_TIME_VSYSCALL
vdso/vsyscall: Gate update_vsyscall() behind CONFIG_GENERIC_GETTIMEOFDAY
riscv: vdso: Drop CONFIG_GENERIC_TIME_VSYSCALL guard around syscall fallbacks

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Merge tag 'kbuild-7.2-1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/kbuild/linux

Pull Kbuild / Kconfig updates from Nathan Chancellor:
"Kbuild:

- Remove broken module linking exclusion fo

Merge tag 'kbuild-7.2-1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/kbuild/linux

Pull Kbuild / Kconfig updates from Nathan Chancellor:
"Kbuild:

- Remove broken module linking exclusion for BTF

- Add documentation around how offset header files work

- Include unstripped vDSO libraries in pacman packages

- Bump minimum version of LLVM for building the kernel to 17.0.1 and
clean up unnecessary workarounds

- Use a context manager in run-clang-tools

- Add dist macro value if present to release tag for RPM packages

- Detect and report truncated buf_printf() output in modpost

- Add __llvm_covfun and __llvm_covmap to section whitelist in modpost

- Support Clang's distributed ThinLTO mode

- Remove architecture specific configurations for AutoFDO and
Propeller to ease individual architecture maintenance

Kconfig:

- Add kconfig-sym-check target to look for dangling Kconfig symbol
references and invalid tristate literal values

- Harden against potential NULL pointer dereference

- Fix typo in Kconfig test comment"

* tag 'kbuild-7.2-1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/kbuild/linux: (31 commits)
kconfig: tests: fix typo in comment
kconfig: Remove the architecture specific config for Propeller
kconfig: Remove the architecture specific config for AutoFDO
modpost: Add __llvm_covfun and __llvm_covmap to section_white_list
kconfig: add kconfig-sym-check static checker
kbuild: Remove unnecessary 'T' modifier in cmd_ar_builtin_fixup
kbuild: distributed build support for Clang ThinLTO
kbuild: move vmlinux.a build rule to scripts/Makefile.vmlinux_a
scripts: modpost: detect and report truncated buf_printf() output
kbuild: rpm-pkg: append %{?dist} macro to Release tag
run-clang-tools: run multiprocessing.Pool as context manager
compiler-clang.h: Drop explicit version number from "all" diagnostic macro
compiler-clang.h: Remove __cleanup -Wunused-variable workaround
kbuild: Remove check for broken scoping with clang < 17 in CC_HAS_ASM_GOTO_OUTPUT
x86/entry/vdso32: Remove conditional omission of '.cfi_offset eflags'
x86/module: Revert "Deal with GOT based stack cookie load on Clang < 17"
x86/build: Drop unnecessary '-ffreestanding' addition to KBUILD_CFLAGS
scripts/Makefile.warn: Drop -Wformat handling for clang < 16
riscv: Drop tautological condition from TOOLCHAIN_NEEDS_OLD_ISA_SPEC
riscv: Remove tautological condition from selection of ARCH_SUPPORTS_CFI
...

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riscv: also select ARCH_KEEP_MEMBLOCK if kexec is selected

On RISC-V, also select ARCH_KEEP_MEMBLOCK if kexec is selected, not
only if ACPI is selected. This is because kexec requires the memblock

riscv: also select ARCH_KEEP_MEMBLOCK if kexec is selected

On RISC-V, also select ARCH_KEEP_MEMBLOCK if kexec is selected, not
only if ACPI is selected. This is because kexec requires the memblock
areas to be kept after boot to initialize the secondary kernel. This
is needed for both Device Tree and ACPI platforms.

Signed-off-by: Han Gao <gaohan@iscas.ac.cn>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260519165546.123105-1-gaohan@iscas.ac.cn
[pjw@kernel.org: change to add the dependency on kexec, rather than making it unconditional;
rewrite the patch description accordingly]
Signed-off-by: Paul Walmsley <pjw@kernel.org>

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riscv: ftrace: select HAVE_BUILDTIME_MCOUNT_SORT

RISC-V already satisfies all prerequisites for build-time mcount sorting:
the sorttable host tool handles EM_RISCV in its machine-type dispatch, and

riscv: ftrace: select HAVE_BUILDTIME_MCOUNT_SORT

RISC-V already satisfies all prerequisites for build-time mcount sorting:
the sorttable host tool handles EM_RISCV in its machine-type dispatch, and
the __mcount_loc section entries are stored as direct virtual addresses in
the final vmlinux binary, so no relocation processing is required during
the sort step.

Select HAVE_BUILDTIME_MCOUNT_SORT so that BUILDTIME_MCOUNT_SORT is
automatically enabled when DYNAMIC_FTRACE is configured. This allows
sorttable to sort the __mcount_loc section at link time, making the
run-time ftrace initialisation path skip the software sort and reducing
kernel startup overhead.

Verified with CONFIG_FTRACE_SORT_STARTUP_TEST=y, which confirms that
the section produced by the build is already in ascending order:

[ 0.000000] ftrace section at ffffffff81015a60 sorted properly

Signed-off-by: Chen Pei <cp0613@linux.alibaba.com>
Tested-by: Guo Ren <guoren@kernel.org>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260409114736.907-1-cp0613@linux.alibaba.com
Signed-off-by: Paul Walmsley <pjw@kernel.org>

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riscv: dead code cleanup in kconfig for RISCV_PROBE_VECTOR_UNALIGNED_ACCESS

The same Kconfig statement 'depends on RISCV_ISA_V' appears twice for
RISCV_PROBE_VECTOR_UNALIGNED_ACCESS. The first insta

riscv: dead code cleanup in kconfig for RISCV_PROBE_VECTOR_UNALIGNED_ACCESS

The same Kconfig statement 'depends on RISCV_ISA_V' appears twice for
RISCV_PROBE_VECTOR_UNALIGNED_ACCESS. The first instance is in its choice
menu, "Vector unaligned Accesses Support", making the second instance in
its specific Kconfig definition dead code. I propose removing this second
instance.

This dead code was found by kconfirm, a static analysis tool for Kconfig.

Signed-off-by: Julian Braha <julianbraha@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Jesse Taube <mr.bossman075@gmail.com>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260329203249.563434-1-julianbraha@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Paul Walmsley <pjw@kernel.org>

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riscv: replace select with dependency for visible RELOCATABLE

RANDOMIZE_BASE currently selects RELOCATABLE even though RELOCATABLE
is visible to users. Some other architectures, like x86, use 'depen

riscv: replace select with dependency for visible RELOCATABLE

RANDOMIZE_BASE currently selects RELOCATABLE even though RELOCATABLE
is visible to users. Some other architectures, like x86, use 'depends on'
for RELOCATABLE in their definition of RANDOMIZE_BASE, so let's do the same
here.

This select-visible Kconfig misusage was detected by Kconfirm, a static
analysis tool for Kconfig.

Signed-off-by: Julian Braha <julianbraha@gmail.com>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260503040331.71875-1-julianbraha@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Paul Walmsley <pjw@kernel.org>

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