xref: /linux/tools/perf/builtin-stat.c (revision 2a2c74b2efcb1a0ca3fdcb5fbb96ad8de6a29177)
1 /*
2  * builtin-stat.c
3  *
4  * Builtin stat command: Give a precise performance counters summary
5  * overview about any workload, CPU or specific PID.
6  *
7  * Sample output:
8 
9    $ perf stat ./hackbench 10
10 
11   Time: 0.118
12 
13   Performance counter stats for './hackbench 10':
14 
15        1708.761321 task-clock                #   11.037 CPUs utilized
16             41,190 context-switches          #    0.024 M/sec
17              6,735 CPU-migrations            #    0.004 M/sec
18             17,318 page-faults               #    0.010 M/sec
19      5,205,202,243 cycles                    #    3.046 GHz
20      3,856,436,920 stalled-cycles-frontend   #   74.09% frontend cycles idle
21      1,600,790,871 stalled-cycles-backend    #   30.75% backend  cycles idle
22      2,603,501,247 instructions              #    0.50  insns per cycle
23                                              #    1.48  stalled cycles per insn
24        484,357,498 branches                  #  283.455 M/sec
25          6,388,934 branch-misses             #    1.32% of all branches
26 
27         0.154822978  seconds time elapsed
28 
29  *
30  * Copyright (C) 2008-2011, Red Hat Inc, Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
31  *
32  * Improvements and fixes by:
33  *
34  *   Arjan van de Ven <arjan@linux.intel.com>
35  *   Yanmin Zhang <yanmin.zhang@intel.com>
36  *   Wu Fengguang <fengguang.wu@intel.com>
37  *   Mike Galbraith <efault@gmx.de>
38  *   Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
39  *   Jaswinder Singh Rajput <jaswinder@kernel.org>
40  *
41  * Released under the GPL v2. (and only v2, not any later version)
42  */
43 
44 #include "perf.h"
45 #include "builtin.h"
46 #include "util/util.h"
47 #include "util/parse-options.h"
48 #include "util/parse-events.h"
49 #include "util/pmu.h"
50 #include "util/event.h"
51 #include "util/evlist.h"
52 #include "util/evsel.h"
53 #include "util/debug.h"
54 #include "util/color.h"
55 #include "util/stat.h"
56 #include "util/header.h"
57 #include "util/cpumap.h"
58 #include "util/thread.h"
59 #include "util/thread_map.h"
60 
61 #include <stdlib.h>
62 #include <sys/prctl.h>
63 #include <locale.h>
64 
65 #define DEFAULT_SEPARATOR	" "
66 #define CNTR_NOT_SUPPORTED	"<not supported>"
67 #define CNTR_NOT_COUNTED	"<not counted>"
68 
69 static void print_stat(int argc, const char **argv);
70 static void print_counter_aggr(struct perf_evsel *counter, char *prefix);
71 static void print_counter(struct perf_evsel *counter, char *prefix);
72 static void print_aggr(char *prefix);
73 
74 /* Default events used for perf stat -T */
75 static const char * const transaction_attrs[] = {
76 	"task-clock",
77 	"{"
78 	"instructions,"
79 	"cycles,"
80 	"cpu/cycles-t/,"
81 	"cpu/tx-start/,"
82 	"cpu/el-start/,"
83 	"cpu/cycles-ct/"
84 	"}"
85 };
86 
87 /* More limited version when the CPU does not have all events. */
88 static const char * const transaction_limited_attrs[] = {
89 	"task-clock",
90 	"{"
91 	"instructions,"
92 	"cycles,"
93 	"cpu/cycles-t/,"
94 	"cpu/tx-start/"
95 	"}"
96 };
97 
98 /* must match transaction_attrs and the beginning limited_attrs */
99 enum {
100 	T_TASK_CLOCK,
101 	T_INSTRUCTIONS,
102 	T_CYCLES,
103 	T_CYCLES_IN_TX,
104 	T_TRANSACTION_START,
105 	T_ELISION_START,
106 	T_CYCLES_IN_TX_CP,
107 };
108 
109 static struct perf_evlist	*evsel_list;
110 
111 static struct target target = {
112 	.uid	= UINT_MAX,
113 };
114 
115 enum aggr_mode {
116 	AGGR_NONE,
117 	AGGR_GLOBAL,
118 	AGGR_SOCKET,
119 	AGGR_CORE,
120 };
121 
122 static int			run_count			=  1;
123 static bool			no_inherit			= false;
124 static bool			scale				=  true;
125 static enum aggr_mode		aggr_mode			= AGGR_GLOBAL;
126 static volatile pid_t		child_pid			= -1;
127 static bool			null_run			=  false;
128 static int			detailed_run			=  0;
129 static bool			transaction_run;
130 static bool			big_num				=  true;
131 static int			big_num_opt			=  -1;
132 static const char		*csv_sep			= NULL;
133 static bool			csv_output			= false;
134 static bool			group				= false;
135 static FILE			*output				= NULL;
136 static const char		*pre_cmd			= NULL;
137 static const char		*post_cmd			= NULL;
138 static bool			sync_run			= false;
139 static unsigned int		interval			= 0;
140 static unsigned int		initial_delay			= 0;
141 static unsigned int		unit_width			= 4; /* strlen("unit") */
142 static bool			forever				= false;
143 static struct timespec		ref_time;
144 static struct cpu_map		*aggr_map;
145 static int			(*aggr_get_id)(struct cpu_map *m, int cpu);
146 
147 static volatile int done = 0;
148 
149 struct perf_stat {
150 	struct stats	  res_stats[3];
151 };
152 
153 static inline void diff_timespec(struct timespec *r, struct timespec *a,
154 				 struct timespec *b)
155 {
156 	r->tv_sec = a->tv_sec - b->tv_sec;
157 	if (a->tv_nsec < b->tv_nsec) {
158 		r->tv_nsec = a->tv_nsec + 1000000000L - b->tv_nsec;
159 		r->tv_sec--;
160 	} else {
161 		r->tv_nsec = a->tv_nsec - b->tv_nsec ;
162 	}
163 }
164 
165 static inline struct cpu_map *perf_evsel__cpus(struct perf_evsel *evsel)
166 {
167 	return (evsel->cpus && !target.cpu_list) ? evsel->cpus : evsel_list->cpus;
168 }
169 
170 static inline int perf_evsel__nr_cpus(struct perf_evsel *evsel)
171 {
172 	return perf_evsel__cpus(evsel)->nr;
173 }
174 
175 static void perf_evsel__reset_stat_priv(struct perf_evsel *evsel)
176 {
177 	int i;
178 	struct perf_stat *ps = evsel->priv;
179 
180 	for (i = 0; i < 3; i++)
181 		init_stats(&ps->res_stats[i]);
182 }
183 
184 static int perf_evsel__alloc_stat_priv(struct perf_evsel *evsel)
185 {
186 	evsel->priv = zalloc(sizeof(struct perf_stat));
187 	if (evsel == NULL)
188 		return -ENOMEM;
189 	perf_evsel__reset_stat_priv(evsel);
190 	return 0;
191 }
192 
193 static void perf_evsel__free_stat_priv(struct perf_evsel *evsel)
194 {
195 	zfree(&evsel->priv);
196 }
197 
198 static int perf_evsel__alloc_prev_raw_counts(struct perf_evsel *evsel)
199 {
200 	void *addr;
201 	size_t sz;
202 
203 	sz = sizeof(*evsel->counts) +
204 	     (perf_evsel__nr_cpus(evsel) * sizeof(struct perf_counts_values));
205 
206 	addr = zalloc(sz);
207 	if (!addr)
208 		return -ENOMEM;
209 
210 	evsel->prev_raw_counts =  addr;
211 
212 	return 0;
213 }
214 
215 static void perf_evsel__free_prev_raw_counts(struct perf_evsel *evsel)
216 {
217 	zfree(&evsel->prev_raw_counts);
218 }
219 
220 static void perf_evlist__free_stats(struct perf_evlist *evlist)
221 {
222 	struct perf_evsel *evsel;
223 
224 	evlist__for_each(evlist, evsel) {
225 		perf_evsel__free_stat_priv(evsel);
226 		perf_evsel__free_counts(evsel);
227 		perf_evsel__free_prev_raw_counts(evsel);
228 	}
229 }
230 
231 static int perf_evlist__alloc_stats(struct perf_evlist *evlist, bool alloc_raw)
232 {
233 	struct perf_evsel *evsel;
234 
235 	evlist__for_each(evlist, evsel) {
236 		if (perf_evsel__alloc_stat_priv(evsel) < 0 ||
237 		    perf_evsel__alloc_counts(evsel, perf_evsel__nr_cpus(evsel)) < 0 ||
238 		    (alloc_raw && perf_evsel__alloc_prev_raw_counts(evsel) < 0))
239 			goto out_free;
240 	}
241 
242 	return 0;
243 
244 out_free:
245 	perf_evlist__free_stats(evlist);
246 	return -1;
247 }
248 
249 static struct stats runtime_nsecs_stats[MAX_NR_CPUS];
250 static struct stats runtime_cycles_stats[MAX_NR_CPUS];
251 static struct stats runtime_stalled_cycles_front_stats[MAX_NR_CPUS];
252 static struct stats runtime_stalled_cycles_back_stats[MAX_NR_CPUS];
253 static struct stats runtime_branches_stats[MAX_NR_CPUS];
254 static struct stats runtime_cacherefs_stats[MAX_NR_CPUS];
255 static struct stats runtime_l1_dcache_stats[MAX_NR_CPUS];
256 static struct stats runtime_l1_icache_stats[MAX_NR_CPUS];
257 static struct stats runtime_ll_cache_stats[MAX_NR_CPUS];
258 static struct stats runtime_itlb_cache_stats[MAX_NR_CPUS];
259 static struct stats runtime_dtlb_cache_stats[MAX_NR_CPUS];
260 static struct stats runtime_cycles_in_tx_stats[MAX_NR_CPUS];
261 static struct stats walltime_nsecs_stats;
262 static struct stats runtime_transaction_stats[MAX_NR_CPUS];
263 static struct stats runtime_elision_stats[MAX_NR_CPUS];
264 
265 static void perf_stat__reset_stats(struct perf_evlist *evlist)
266 {
267 	struct perf_evsel *evsel;
268 
269 	evlist__for_each(evlist, evsel) {
270 		perf_evsel__reset_stat_priv(evsel);
271 		perf_evsel__reset_counts(evsel, perf_evsel__nr_cpus(evsel));
272 	}
273 
274 	memset(runtime_nsecs_stats, 0, sizeof(runtime_nsecs_stats));
275 	memset(runtime_cycles_stats, 0, sizeof(runtime_cycles_stats));
276 	memset(runtime_stalled_cycles_front_stats, 0, sizeof(runtime_stalled_cycles_front_stats));
277 	memset(runtime_stalled_cycles_back_stats, 0, sizeof(runtime_stalled_cycles_back_stats));
278 	memset(runtime_branches_stats, 0, sizeof(runtime_branches_stats));
279 	memset(runtime_cacherefs_stats, 0, sizeof(runtime_cacherefs_stats));
280 	memset(runtime_l1_dcache_stats, 0, sizeof(runtime_l1_dcache_stats));
281 	memset(runtime_l1_icache_stats, 0, sizeof(runtime_l1_icache_stats));
282 	memset(runtime_ll_cache_stats, 0, sizeof(runtime_ll_cache_stats));
283 	memset(runtime_itlb_cache_stats, 0, sizeof(runtime_itlb_cache_stats));
284 	memset(runtime_dtlb_cache_stats, 0, sizeof(runtime_dtlb_cache_stats));
285 	memset(runtime_cycles_in_tx_stats, 0,
286 			sizeof(runtime_cycles_in_tx_stats));
287 	memset(runtime_transaction_stats, 0,
288 		sizeof(runtime_transaction_stats));
289 	memset(runtime_elision_stats, 0, sizeof(runtime_elision_stats));
290 	memset(&walltime_nsecs_stats, 0, sizeof(walltime_nsecs_stats));
291 }
292 
293 static int create_perf_stat_counter(struct perf_evsel *evsel)
294 {
295 	struct perf_event_attr *attr = &evsel->attr;
296 
297 	if (scale)
298 		attr->read_format = PERF_FORMAT_TOTAL_TIME_ENABLED |
299 				    PERF_FORMAT_TOTAL_TIME_RUNNING;
300 
301 	attr->inherit = !no_inherit;
302 
303 	if (target__has_cpu(&target))
304 		return perf_evsel__open_per_cpu(evsel, perf_evsel__cpus(evsel));
305 
306 	if (!target__has_task(&target) && perf_evsel__is_group_leader(evsel)) {
307 		attr->disabled = 1;
308 		if (!initial_delay)
309 			attr->enable_on_exec = 1;
310 	}
311 
312 	return perf_evsel__open_per_thread(evsel, evsel_list->threads);
313 }
314 
315 /*
316  * Does the counter have nsecs as a unit?
317  */
318 static inline int nsec_counter(struct perf_evsel *evsel)
319 {
320 	if (perf_evsel__match(evsel, SOFTWARE, SW_CPU_CLOCK) ||
321 	    perf_evsel__match(evsel, SOFTWARE, SW_TASK_CLOCK))
322 		return 1;
323 
324 	return 0;
325 }
326 
327 static struct perf_evsel *nth_evsel(int n)
328 {
329 	static struct perf_evsel **array;
330 	static int array_len;
331 	struct perf_evsel *ev;
332 	int j;
333 
334 	/* Assumes this only called when evsel_list does not change anymore. */
335 	if (!array) {
336 		evlist__for_each(evsel_list, ev)
337 			array_len++;
338 		array = malloc(array_len * sizeof(void *));
339 		if (!array)
340 			exit(ENOMEM);
341 		j = 0;
342 		evlist__for_each(evsel_list, ev)
343 			array[j++] = ev;
344 	}
345 	if (n < array_len)
346 		return array[n];
347 	return NULL;
348 }
349 
350 /*
351  * Update various tracking values we maintain to print
352  * more semantic information such as miss/hit ratios,
353  * instruction rates, etc:
354  */
355 static void update_shadow_stats(struct perf_evsel *counter, u64 *count)
356 {
357 	if (perf_evsel__match(counter, SOFTWARE, SW_TASK_CLOCK))
358 		update_stats(&runtime_nsecs_stats[0], count[0]);
359 	else if (perf_evsel__match(counter, HARDWARE, HW_CPU_CYCLES))
360 		update_stats(&runtime_cycles_stats[0], count[0]);
361 	else if (transaction_run &&
362 		 perf_evsel__cmp(counter, nth_evsel(T_CYCLES_IN_TX)))
363 		update_stats(&runtime_cycles_in_tx_stats[0], count[0]);
364 	else if (transaction_run &&
365 		 perf_evsel__cmp(counter, nth_evsel(T_TRANSACTION_START)))
366 		update_stats(&runtime_transaction_stats[0], count[0]);
367 	else if (transaction_run &&
368 		 perf_evsel__cmp(counter, nth_evsel(T_ELISION_START)))
369 		update_stats(&runtime_elision_stats[0], count[0]);
370 	else if (perf_evsel__match(counter, HARDWARE, HW_STALLED_CYCLES_FRONTEND))
371 		update_stats(&runtime_stalled_cycles_front_stats[0], count[0]);
372 	else if (perf_evsel__match(counter, HARDWARE, HW_STALLED_CYCLES_BACKEND))
373 		update_stats(&runtime_stalled_cycles_back_stats[0], count[0]);
374 	else if (perf_evsel__match(counter, HARDWARE, HW_BRANCH_INSTRUCTIONS))
375 		update_stats(&runtime_branches_stats[0], count[0]);
376 	else if (perf_evsel__match(counter, HARDWARE, HW_CACHE_REFERENCES))
377 		update_stats(&runtime_cacherefs_stats[0], count[0]);
378 	else if (perf_evsel__match(counter, HW_CACHE, HW_CACHE_L1D))
379 		update_stats(&runtime_l1_dcache_stats[0], count[0]);
380 	else if (perf_evsel__match(counter, HW_CACHE, HW_CACHE_L1I))
381 		update_stats(&runtime_l1_icache_stats[0], count[0]);
382 	else if (perf_evsel__match(counter, HW_CACHE, HW_CACHE_LL))
383 		update_stats(&runtime_ll_cache_stats[0], count[0]);
384 	else if (perf_evsel__match(counter, HW_CACHE, HW_CACHE_DTLB))
385 		update_stats(&runtime_dtlb_cache_stats[0], count[0]);
386 	else if (perf_evsel__match(counter, HW_CACHE, HW_CACHE_ITLB))
387 		update_stats(&runtime_itlb_cache_stats[0], count[0]);
388 }
389 
390 /*
391  * Read out the results of a single counter:
392  * aggregate counts across CPUs in system-wide mode
393  */
394 static int read_counter_aggr(struct perf_evsel *counter)
395 {
396 	struct perf_stat *ps = counter->priv;
397 	u64 *count = counter->counts->aggr.values;
398 	int i;
399 
400 	if (__perf_evsel__read(counter, perf_evsel__nr_cpus(counter),
401 			       thread_map__nr(evsel_list->threads), scale) < 0)
402 		return -1;
403 
404 	for (i = 0; i < 3; i++)
405 		update_stats(&ps->res_stats[i], count[i]);
406 
407 	if (verbose) {
408 		fprintf(output, "%s: %" PRIu64 " %" PRIu64 " %" PRIu64 "\n",
409 			perf_evsel__name(counter), count[0], count[1], count[2]);
410 	}
411 
412 	/*
413 	 * Save the full runtime - to allow normalization during printout:
414 	 */
415 	update_shadow_stats(counter, count);
416 
417 	return 0;
418 }
419 
420 /*
421  * Read out the results of a single counter:
422  * do not aggregate counts across CPUs in system-wide mode
423  */
424 static int read_counter(struct perf_evsel *counter)
425 {
426 	u64 *count;
427 	int cpu;
428 
429 	for (cpu = 0; cpu < perf_evsel__nr_cpus(counter); cpu++) {
430 		if (__perf_evsel__read_on_cpu(counter, cpu, 0, scale) < 0)
431 			return -1;
432 
433 		count = counter->counts->cpu[cpu].values;
434 
435 		update_shadow_stats(counter, count);
436 	}
437 
438 	return 0;
439 }
440 
441 static void print_interval(void)
442 {
443 	static int num_print_interval;
444 	struct perf_evsel *counter;
445 	struct perf_stat *ps;
446 	struct timespec ts, rs;
447 	char prefix[64];
448 
449 	if (aggr_mode == AGGR_GLOBAL) {
450 		evlist__for_each(evsel_list, counter) {
451 			ps = counter->priv;
452 			memset(ps->res_stats, 0, sizeof(ps->res_stats));
453 			read_counter_aggr(counter);
454 		}
455 	} else	{
456 		evlist__for_each(evsel_list, counter) {
457 			ps = counter->priv;
458 			memset(ps->res_stats, 0, sizeof(ps->res_stats));
459 			read_counter(counter);
460 		}
461 	}
462 
463 	clock_gettime(CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &ts);
464 	diff_timespec(&rs, &ts, &ref_time);
465 	sprintf(prefix, "%6lu.%09lu%s", rs.tv_sec, rs.tv_nsec, csv_sep);
466 
467 	if (num_print_interval == 0 && !csv_output) {
468 		switch (aggr_mode) {
469 		case AGGR_SOCKET:
470 			fprintf(output, "#           time socket cpus             counts %*s events\n", unit_width, "unit");
471 			break;
472 		case AGGR_CORE:
473 			fprintf(output, "#           time core         cpus             counts %*s events\n", unit_width, "unit");
474 			break;
475 		case AGGR_NONE:
476 			fprintf(output, "#           time CPU                counts %*s events\n", unit_width, "unit");
477 			break;
478 		case AGGR_GLOBAL:
479 		default:
480 			fprintf(output, "#           time             counts %*s events\n", unit_width, "unit");
481 		}
482 	}
483 
484 	if (++num_print_interval == 25)
485 		num_print_interval = 0;
486 
487 	switch (aggr_mode) {
488 	case AGGR_CORE:
489 	case AGGR_SOCKET:
490 		print_aggr(prefix);
491 		break;
492 	case AGGR_NONE:
493 		evlist__for_each(evsel_list, counter)
494 			print_counter(counter, prefix);
495 		break;
496 	case AGGR_GLOBAL:
497 	default:
498 		evlist__for_each(evsel_list, counter)
499 			print_counter_aggr(counter, prefix);
500 	}
501 
502 	fflush(output);
503 }
504 
505 static void handle_initial_delay(void)
506 {
507 	struct perf_evsel *counter;
508 
509 	if (initial_delay) {
510 		const int ncpus = cpu_map__nr(evsel_list->cpus),
511 			nthreads = thread_map__nr(evsel_list->threads);
512 
513 		usleep(initial_delay * 1000);
514 		evlist__for_each(evsel_list, counter)
515 			perf_evsel__enable(counter, ncpus, nthreads);
516 	}
517 }
518 
519 static volatile int workload_exec_errno;
520 
521 /*
522  * perf_evlist__prepare_workload will send a SIGUSR1
523  * if the fork fails, since we asked by setting its
524  * want_signal to true.
525  */
526 static void workload_exec_failed_signal(int signo __maybe_unused, siginfo_t *info,
527 					void *ucontext __maybe_unused)
528 {
529 	workload_exec_errno = info->si_value.sival_int;
530 }
531 
532 static int __run_perf_stat(int argc, const char **argv)
533 {
534 	char msg[512];
535 	unsigned long long t0, t1;
536 	struct perf_evsel *counter;
537 	struct timespec ts;
538 	size_t l;
539 	int status = 0;
540 	const bool forks = (argc > 0);
541 
542 	if (interval) {
543 		ts.tv_sec  = interval / 1000;
544 		ts.tv_nsec = (interval % 1000) * 1000000;
545 	} else {
546 		ts.tv_sec  = 1;
547 		ts.tv_nsec = 0;
548 	}
549 
550 	if (forks) {
551 		if (perf_evlist__prepare_workload(evsel_list, &target, argv, false,
552 						  workload_exec_failed_signal) < 0) {
553 			perror("failed to prepare workload");
554 			return -1;
555 		}
556 		child_pid = evsel_list->workload.pid;
557 	}
558 
559 	if (group)
560 		perf_evlist__set_leader(evsel_list);
561 
562 	evlist__for_each(evsel_list, counter) {
563 		if (create_perf_stat_counter(counter) < 0) {
564 			/*
565 			 * PPC returns ENXIO for HW counters until 2.6.37
566 			 * (behavior changed with commit b0a873e).
567 			 */
568 			if (errno == EINVAL || errno == ENOSYS ||
569 			    errno == ENOENT || errno == EOPNOTSUPP ||
570 			    errno == ENXIO) {
571 				if (verbose)
572 					ui__warning("%s event is not supported by the kernel.\n",
573 						    perf_evsel__name(counter));
574 				counter->supported = false;
575 				continue;
576 			}
577 
578 			perf_evsel__open_strerror(counter, &target,
579 						  errno, msg, sizeof(msg));
580 			ui__error("%s\n", msg);
581 
582 			if (child_pid != -1)
583 				kill(child_pid, SIGTERM);
584 
585 			return -1;
586 		}
587 		counter->supported = true;
588 
589 		l = strlen(counter->unit);
590 		if (l > unit_width)
591 			unit_width = l;
592 	}
593 
594 	if (perf_evlist__apply_filters(evsel_list)) {
595 		error("failed to set filter with %d (%s)\n", errno,
596 			strerror(errno));
597 		return -1;
598 	}
599 
600 	/*
601 	 * Enable counters and exec the command:
602 	 */
603 	t0 = rdclock();
604 	clock_gettime(CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &ref_time);
605 
606 	if (forks) {
607 		perf_evlist__start_workload(evsel_list);
608 		handle_initial_delay();
609 
610 		if (interval) {
611 			while (!waitpid(child_pid, &status, WNOHANG)) {
612 				nanosleep(&ts, NULL);
613 				print_interval();
614 			}
615 		}
616 		wait(&status);
617 
618 		if (workload_exec_errno) {
619 			const char *emsg = strerror_r(workload_exec_errno, msg, sizeof(msg));
620 			pr_err("Workload failed: %s\n", emsg);
621 			return -1;
622 		}
623 
624 		if (WIFSIGNALED(status))
625 			psignal(WTERMSIG(status), argv[0]);
626 	} else {
627 		handle_initial_delay();
628 		while (!done) {
629 			nanosleep(&ts, NULL);
630 			if (interval)
631 				print_interval();
632 		}
633 	}
634 
635 	t1 = rdclock();
636 
637 	update_stats(&walltime_nsecs_stats, t1 - t0);
638 
639 	if (aggr_mode == AGGR_GLOBAL) {
640 		evlist__for_each(evsel_list, counter) {
641 			read_counter_aggr(counter);
642 			perf_evsel__close_fd(counter, perf_evsel__nr_cpus(counter),
643 					     thread_map__nr(evsel_list->threads));
644 		}
645 	} else {
646 		evlist__for_each(evsel_list, counter) {
647 			read_counter(counter);
648 			perf_evsel__close_fd(counter, perf_evsel__nr_cpus(counter), 1);
649 		}
650 	}
651 
652 	return WEXITSTATUS(status);
653 }
654 
655 static int run_perf_stat(int argc, const char **argv)
656 {
657 	int ret;
658 
659 	if (pre_cmd) {
660 		ret = system(pre_cmd);
661 		if (ret)
662 			return ret;
663 	}
664 
665 	if (sync_run)
666 		sync();
667 
668 	ret = __run_perf_stat(argc, argv);
669 	if (ret)
670 		return ret;
671 
672 	if (post_cmd) {
673 		ret = system(post_cmd);
674 		if (ret)
675 			return ret;
676 	}
677 
678 	return ret;
679 }
680 
681 static void print_noise_pct(double total, double avg)
682 {
683 	double pct = rel_stddev_stats(total, avg);
684 
685 	if (csv_output)
686 		fprintf(output, "%s%.2f%%", csv_sep, pct);
687 	else if (pct)
688 		fprintf(output, "  ( +-%6.2f%% )", pct);
689 }
690 
691 static void print_noise(struct perf_evsel *evsel, double avg)
692 {
693 	struct perf_stat *ps;
694 
695 	if (run_count == 1)
696 		return;
697 
698 	ps = evsel->priv;
699 	print_noise_pct(stddev_stats(&ps->res_stats[0]), avg);
700 }
701 
702 static void aggr_printout(struct perf_evsel *evsel, int id, int nr)
703 {
704 	switch (aggr_mode) {
705 	case AGGR_CORE:
706 		fprintf(output, "S%d-C%*d%s%*d%s",
707 			cpu_map__id_to_socket(id),
708 			csv_output ? 0 : -8,
709 			cpu_map__id_to_cpu(id),
710 			csv_sep,
711 			csv_output ? 0 : 4,
712 			nr,
713 			csv_sep);
714 		break;
715 	case AGGR_SOCKET:
716 		fprintf(output, "S%*d%s%*d%s",
717 			csv_output ? 0 : -5,
718 			id,
719 			csv_sep,
720 			csv_output ? 0 : 4,
721 			nr,
722 			csv_sep);
723 			break;
724 	case AGGR_NONE:
725 		fprintf(output, "CPU%*d%s",
726 			csv_output ? 0 : -4,
727 			perf_evsel__cpus(evsel)->map[id], csv_sep);
728 		break;
729 	case AGGR_GLOBAL:
730 	default:
731 		break;
732 	}
733 }
734 
735 static void nsec_printout(int cpu, int nr, struct perf_evsel *evsel, double avg)
736 {
737 	double msecs = avg / 1e6;
738 	const char *fmt_v, *fmt_n;
739 	char name[25];
740 
741 	fmt_v = csv_output ? "%.6f%s" : "%18.6f%s";
742 	fmt_n = csv_output ? "%s" : "%-25s";
743 
744 	aggr_printout(evsel, cpu, nr);
745 
746 	scnprintf(name, sizeof(name), "%s%s",
747 		  perf_evsel__name(evsel), csv_output ? "" : " (msec)");
748 
749 	fprintf(output, fmt_v, msecs, csv_sep);
750 
751 	if (csv_output)
752 		fprintf(output, "%s%s", evsel->unit, csv_sep);
753 	else
754 		fprintf(output, "%-*s%s", unit_width, evsel->unit, csv_sep);
755 
756 	fprintf(output, fmt_n, name);
757 
758 	if (evsel->cgrp)
759 		fprintf(output, "%s%s", csv_sep, evsel->cgrp->name);
760 
761 	if (csv_output || interval)
762 		return;
763 
764 	if (perf_evsel__match(evsel, SOFTWARE, SW_TASK_CLOCK))
765 		fprintf(output, " # %8.3f CPUs utilized          ",
766 			avg / avg_stats(&walltime_nsecs_stats));
767 	else
768 		fprintf(output, "                                   ");
769 }
770 
771 /* used for get_ratio_color() */
772 enum grc_type {
773 	GRC_STALLED_CYCLES_FE,
774 	GRC_STALLED_CYCLES_BE,
775 	GRC_CACHE_MISSES,
776 	GRC_MAX_NR
777 };
778 
779 static const char *get_ratio_color(enum grc_type type, double ratio)
780 {
781 	static const double grc_table[GRC_MAX_NR][3] = {
782 		[GRC_STALLED_CYCLES_FE] = { 50.0, 30.0, 10.0 },
783 		[GRC_STALLED_CYCLES_BE] = { 75.0, 50.0, 20.0 },
784 		[GRC_CACHE_MISSES] 	= { 20.0, 10.0, 5.0 },
785 	};
786 	const char *color = PERF_COLOR_NORMAL;
787 
788 	if (ratio > grc_table[type][0])
789 		color = PERF_COLOR_RED;
790 	else if (ratio > grc_table[type][1])
791 		color = PERF_COLOR_MAGENTA;
792 	else if (ratio > grc_table[type][2])
793 		color = PERF_COLOR_YELLOW;
794 
795 	return color;
796 }
797 
798 static void print_stalled_cycles_frontend(int cpu,
799 					  struct perf_evsel *evsel
800 					  __maybe_unused, double avg)
801 {
802 	double total, ratio = 0.0;
803 	const char *color;
804 
805 	total = avg_stats(&runtime_cycles_stats[cpu]);
806 
807 	if (total)
808 		ratio = avg / total * 100.0;
809 
810 	color = get_ratio_color(GRC_STALLED_CYCLES_FE, ratio);
811 
812 	fprintf(output, " #  ");
813 	color_fprintf(output, color, "%6.2f%%", ratio);
814 	fprintf(output, " frontend cycles idle   ");
815 }
816 
817 static void print_stalled_cycles_backend(int cpu,
818 					 struct perf_evsel *evsel
819 					 __maybe_unused, double avg)
820 {
821 	double total, ratio = 0.0;
822 	const char *color;
823 
824 	total = avg_stats(&runtime_cycles_stats[cpu]);
825 
826 	if (total)
827 		ratio = avg / total * 100.0;
828 
829 	color = get_ratio_color(GRC_STALLED_CYCLES_BE, ratio);
830 
831 	fprintf(output, " #  ");
832 	color_fprintf(output, color, "%6.2f%%", ratio);
833 	fprintf(output, " backend  cycles idle   ");
834 }
835 
836 static void print_branch_misses(int cpu,
837 				struct perf_evsel *evsel __maybe_unused,
838 				double avg)
839 {
840 	double total, ratio = 0.0;
841 	const char *color;
842 
843 	total = avg_stats(&runtime_branches_stats[cpu]);
844 
845 	if (total)
846 		ratio = avg / total * 100.0;
847 
848 	color = get_ratio_color(GRC_CACHE_MISSES, ratio);
849 
850 	fprintf(output, " #  ");
851 	color_fprintf(output, color, "%6.2f%%", ratio);
852 	fprintf(output, " of all branches        ");
853 }
854 
855 static void print_l1_dcache_misses(int cpu,
856 				   struct perf_evsel *evsel __maybe_unused,
857 				   double avg)
858 {
859 	double total, ratio = 0.0;
860 	const char *color;
861 
862 	total = avg_stats(&runtime_l1_dcache_stats[cpu]);
863 
864 	if (total)
865 		ratio = avg / total * 100.0;
866 
867 	color = get_ratio_color(GRC_CACHE_MISSES, ratio);
868 
869 	fprintf(output, " #  ");
870 	color_fprintf(output, color, "%6.2f%%", ratio);
871 	fprintf(output, " of all L1-dcache hits  ");
872 }
873 
874 static void print_l1_icache_misses(int cpu,
875 				   struct perf_evsel *evsel __maybe_unused,
876 				   double avg)
877 {
878 	double total, ratio = 0.0;
879 	const char *color;
880 
881 	total = avg_stats(&runtime_l1_icache_stats[cpu]);
882 
883 	if (total)
884 		ratio = avg / total * 100.0;
885 
886 	color = get_ratio_color(GRC_CACHE_MISSES, ratio);
887 
888 	fprintf(output, " #  ");
889 	color_fprintf(output, color, "%6.2f%%", ratio);
890 	fprintf(output, " of all L1-icache hits  ");
891 }
892 
893 static void print_dtlb_cache_misses(int cpu,
894 				    struct perf_evsel *evsel __maybe_unused,
895 				    double avg)
896 {
897 	double total, ratio = 0.0;
898 	const char *color;
899 
900 	total = avg_stats(&runtime_dtlb_cache_stats[cpu]);
901 
902 	if (total)
903 		ratio = avg / total * 100.0;
904 
905 	color = get_ratio_color(GRC_CACHE_MISSES, ratio);
906 
907 	fprintf(output, " #  ");
908 	color_fprintf(output, color, "%6.2f%%", ratio);
909 	fprintf(output, " of all dTLB cache hits ");
910 }
911 
912 static void print_itlb_cache_misses(int cpu,
913 				    struct perf_evsel *evsel __maybe_unused,
914 				    double avg)
915 {
916 	double total, ratio = 0.0;
917 	const char *color;
918 
919 	total = avg_stats(&runtime_itlb_cache_stats[cpu]);
920 
921 	if (total)
922 		ratio = avg / total * 100.0;
923 
924 	color = get_ratio_color(GRC_CACHE_MISSES, ratio);
925 
926 	fprintf(output, " #  ");
927 	color_fprintf(output, color, "%6.2f%%", ratio);
928 	fprintf(output, " of all iTLB cache hits ");
929 }
930 
931 static void print_ll_cache_misses(int cpu,
932 				  struct perf_evsel *evsel __maybe_unused,
933 				  double avg)
934 {
935 	double total, ratio = 0.0;
936 	const char *color;
937 
938 	total = avg_stats(&runtime_ll_cache_stats[cpu]);
939 
940 	if (total)
941 		ratio = avg / total * 100.0;
942 
943 	color = get_ratio_color(GRC_CACHE_MISSES, ratio);
944 
945 	fprintf(output, " #  ");
946 	color_fprintf(output, color, "%6.2f%%", ratio);
947 	fprintf(output, " of all LL-cache hits   ");
948 }
949 
950 static void abs_printout(int cpu, int nr, struct perf_evsel *evsel, double avg)
951 {
952 	double total, ratio = 0.0, total2;
953 	double sc =  evsel->scale;
954 	const char *fmt;
955 
956 	if (csv_output) {
957 		fmt = sc != 1.0 ?  "%.2f%s" : "%.0f%s";
958 	} else {
959 		if (big_num)
960 			fmt = sc != 1.0 ? "%'18.2f%s" : "%'18.0f%s";
961 		else
962 			fmt = sc != 1.0 ? "%18.2f%s" : "%18.0f%s";
963 	}
964 
965 	aggr_printout(evsel, cpu, nr);
966 
967 	if (aggr_mode == AGGR_GLOBAL)
968 		cpu = 0;
969 
970 	fprintf(output, fmt, avg, csv_sep);
971 
972 	if (evsel->unit)
973 		fprintf(output, "%-*s%s",
974 			csv_output ? 0 : unit_width,
975 			evsel->unit, csv_sep);
976 
977 	fprintf(output, "%-*s", csv_output ? 0 : 25, perf_evsel__name(evsel));
978 
979 	if (evsel->cgrp)
980 		fprintf(output, "%s%s", csv_sep, evsel->cgrp->name);
981 
982 	if (csv_output || interval)
983 		return;
984 
985 	if (perf_evsel__match(evsel, HARDWARE, HW_INSTRUCTIONS)) {
986 		total = avg_stats(&runtime_cycles_stats[cpu]);
987 		if (total) {
988 			ratio = avg / total;
989 			fprintf(output, " #   %5.2f  insns per cycle        ", ratio);
990 		}
991 		total = avg_stats(&runtime_stalled_cycles_front_stats[cpu]);
992 		total = max(total, avg_stats(&runtime_stalled_cycles_back_stats[cpu]));
993 
994 		if (total && avg) {
995 			ratio = total / avg;
996 			fprintf(output, "\n");
997 			if (aggr_mode == AGGR_NONE)
998 				fprintf(output, "        ");
999 			fprintf(output, "                                                  #   %5.2f  stalled cycles per insn", ratio);
1000 		}
1001 
1002 	} else if (perf_evsel__match(evsel, HARDWARE, HW_BRANCH_MISSES) &&
1003 			runtime_branches_stats[cpu].n != 0) {
1004 		print_branch_misses(cpu, evsel, avg);
1005 	} else if (
1006 		evsel->attr.type == PERF_TYPE_HW_CACHE &&
1007 		evsel->attr.config ==  ( PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_L1D |
1008 					((PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_OP_READ) << 8) |
1009 					((PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_RESULT_MISS) << 16)) &&
1010 			runtime_l1_dcache_stats[cpu].n != 0) {
1011 		print_l1_dcache_misses(cpu, evsel, avg);
1012 	} else if (
1013 		evsel->attr.type == PERF_TYPE_HW_CACHE &&
1014 		evsel->attr.config ==  ( PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_L1I |
1015 					((PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_OP_READ) << 8) |
1016 					((PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_RESULT_MISS) << 16)) &&
1017 			runtime_l1_icache_stats[cpu].n != 0) {
1018 		print_l1_icache_misses(cpu, evsel, avg);
1019 	} else if (
1020 		evsel->attr.type == PERF_TYPE_HW_CACHE &&
1021 		evsel->attr.config ==  ( PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_DTLB |
1022 					((PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_OP_READ) << 8) |
1023 					((PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_RESULT_MISS) << 16)) &&
1024 			runtime_dtlb_cache_stats[cpu].n != 0) {
1025 		print_dtlb_cache_misses(cpu, evsel, avg);
1026 	} else if (
1027 		evsel->attr.type == PERF_TYPE_HW_CACHE &&
1028 		evsel->attr.config ==  ( PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_ITLB |
1029 					((PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_OP_READ) << 8) |
1030 					((PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_RESULT_MISS) << 16)) &&
1031 			runtime_itlb_cache_stats[cpu].n != 0) {
1032 		print_itlb_cache_misses(cpu, evsel, avg);
1033 	} else if (
1034 		evsel->attr.type == PERF_TYPE_HW_CACHE &&
1035 		evsel->attr.config ==  ( PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_LL |
1036 					((PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_OP_READ) << 8) |
1037 					((PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_RESULT_MISS) << 16)) &&
1038 			runtime_ll_cache_stats[cpu].n != 0) {
1039 		print_ll_cache_misses(cpu, evsel, avg);
1040 	} else if (perf_evsel__match(evsel, HARDWARE, HW_CACHE_MISSES) &&
1041 			runtime_cacherefs_stats[cpu].n != 0) {
1042 		total = avg_stats(&runtime_cacherefs_stats[cpu]);
1043 
1044 		if (total)
1045 			ratio = avg * 100 / total;
1046 
1047 		fprintf(output, " # %8.3f %% of all cache refs    ", ratio);
1048 
1049 	} else if (perf_evsel__match(evsel, HARDWARE, HW_STALLED_CYCLES_FRONTEND)) {
1050 		print_stalled_cycles_frontend(cpu, evsel, avg);
1051 	} else if (perf_evsel__match(evsel, HARDWARE, HW_STALLED_CYCLES_BACKEND)) {
1052 		print_stalled_cycles_backend(cpu, evsel, avg);
1053 	} else if (perf_evsel__match(evsel, HARDWARE, HW_CPU_CYCLES)) {
1054 		total = avg_stats(&runtime_nsecs_stats[cpu]);
1055 
1056 		if (total) {
1057 			ratio = avg / total;
1058 			fprintf(output, " # %8.3f GHz                    ", ratio);
1059 		}
1060 	} else if (transaction_run &&
1061 		   perf_evsel__cmp(evsel, nth_evsel(T_CYCLES_IN_TX))) {
1062 		total = avg_stats(&runtime_cycles_stats[cpu]);
1063 		if (total)
1064 			fprintf(output,
1065 				" #   %5.2f%% transactional cycles   ",
1066 				100.0 * (avg / total));
1067 	} else if (transaction_run &&
1068 		   perf_evsel__cmp(evsel, nth_evsel(T_CYCLES_IN_TX_CP))) {
1069 		total = avg_stats(&runtime_cycles_stats[cpu]);
1070 		total2 = avg_stats(&runtime_cycles_in_tx_stats[cpu]);
1071 		if (total2 < avg)
1072 			total2 = avg;
1073 		if (total)
1074 			fprintf(output,
1075 				" #   %5.2f%% aborted cycles         ",
1076 				100.0 * ((total2-avg) / total));
1077 	} else if (transaction_run &&
1078 		   perf_evsel__cmp(evsel, nth_evsel(T_TRANSACTION_START)) &&
1079 		   avg > 0 &&
1080 		   runtime_cycles_in_tx_stats[cpu].n != 0) {
1081 		total = avg_stats(&runtime_cycles_in_tx_stats[cpu]);
1082 
1083 		if (total)
1084 			ratio = total / avg;
1085 
1086 		fprintf(output, " # %8.0f cycles / transaction   ", ratio);
1087 	} else if (transaction_run &&
1088 		   perf_evsel__cmp(evsel, nth_evsel(T_ELISION_START)) &&
1089 		   avg > 0 &&
1090 		   runtime_cycles_in_tx_stats[cpu].n != 0) {
1091 		total = avg_stats(&runtime_cycles_in_tx_stats[cpu]);
1092 
1093 		if (total)
1094 			ratio = total / avg;
1095 
1096 		fprintf(output, " # %8.0f cycles / elision       ", ratio);
1097 	} else if (runtime_nsecs_stats[cpu].n != 0) {
1098 		char unit = 'M';
1099 
1100 		total = avg_stats(&runtime_nsecs_stats[cpu]);
1101 
1102 		if (total)
1103 			ratio = 1000.0 * avg / total;
1104 		if (ratio < 0.001) {
1105 			ratio *= 1000;
1106 			unit = 'K';
1107 		}
1108 
1109 		fprintf(output, " # %8.3f %c/sec                  ", ratio, unit);
1110 	} else {
1111 		fprintf(output, "                                   ");
1112 	}
1113 }
1114 
1115 static void print_aggr(char *prefix)
1116 {
1117 	struct perf_evsel *counter;
1118 	int cpu, cpu2, s, s2, id, nr;
1119 	double uval;
1120 	u64 ena, run, val;
1121 
1122 	if (!(aggr_map || aggr_get_id))
1123 		return;
1124 
1125 	for (s = 0; s < aggr_map->nr; s++) {
1126 		id = aggr_map->map[s];
1127 		evlist__for_each(evsel_list, counter) {
1128 			val = ena = run = 0;
1129 			nr = 0;
1130 			for (cpu = 0; cpu < perf_evsel__nr_cpus(counter); cpu++) {
1131 				cpu2 = perf_evsel__cpus(counter)->map[cpu];
1132 				s2 = aggr_get_id(evsel_list->cpus, cpu2);
1133 				if (s2 != id)
1134 					continue;
1135 				val += counter->counts->cpu[cpu].val;
1136 				ena += counter->counts->cpu[cpu].ena;
1137 				run += counter->counts->cpu[cpu].run;
1138 				nr++;
1139 			}
1140 			if (prefix)
1141 				fprintf(output, "%s", prefix);
1142 
1143 			if (run == 0 || ena == 0) {
1144 				aggr_printout(counter, id, nr);
1145 
1146 				fprintf(output, "%*s%s",
1147 					csv_output ? 0 : 18,
1148 					counter->supported ? CNTR_NOT_COUNTED : CNTR_NOT_SUPPORTED,
1149 					csv_sep);
1150 
1151 				fprintf(output, "%-*s%s",
1152 					csv_output ? 0 : unit_width,
1153 					counter->unit, csv_sep);
1154 
1155 				fprintf(output, "%*s",
1156 					csv_output ? 0 : -25,
1157 					perf_evsel__name(counter));
1158 
1159 				if (counter->cgrp)
1160 					fprintf(output, "%s%s",
1161 						csv_sep, counter->cgrp->name);
1162 
1163 				fputc('\n', output);
1164 				continue;
1165 			}
1166 			uval = val * counter->scale;
1167 
1168 			if (nsec_counter(counter))
1169 				nsec_printout(id, nr, counter, uval);
1170 			else
1171 				abs_printout(id, nr, counter, uval);
1172 
1173 			if (!csv_output) {
1174 				print_noise(counter, 1.0);
1175 
1176 				if (run != ena)
1177 					fprintf(output, "  (%.2f%%)",
1178 						100.0 * run / ena);
1179 			}
1180 			fputc('\n', output);
1181 		}
1182 	}
1183 }
1184 
1185 /*
1186  * Print out the results of a single counter:
1187  * aggregated counts in system-wide mode
1188  */
1189 static void print_counter_aggr(struct perf_evsel *counter, char *prefix)
1190 {
1191 	struct perf_stat *ps = counter->priv;
1192 	double avg = avg_stats(&ps->res_stats[0]);
1193 	int scaled = counter->counts->scaled;
1194 	double uval;
1195 
1196 	if (prefix)
1197 		fprintf(output, "%s", prefix);
1198 
1199 	if (scaled == -1) {
1200 		fprintf(output, "%*s%s",
1201 			csv_output ? 0 : 18,
1202 			counter->supported ? CNTR_NOT_COUNTED : CNTR_NOT_SUPPORTED,
1203 			csv_sep);
1204 		fprintf(output, "%-*s%s",
1205 			csv_output ? 0 : unit_width,
1206 			counter->unit, csv_sep);
1207 		fprintf(output, "%*s",
1208 			csv_output ? 0 : -25,
1209 			perf_evsel__name(counter));
1210 
1211 		if (counter->cgrp)
1212 			fprintf(output, "%s%s", csv_sep, counter->cgrp->name);
1213 
1214 		fputc('\n', output);
1215 		return;
1216 	}
1217 
1218 	uval = avg * counter->scale;
1219 
1220 	if (nsec_counter(counter))
1221 		nsec_printout(-1, 0, counter, uval);
1222 	else
1223 		abs_printout(-1, 0, counter, uval);
1224 
1225 	print_noise(counter, avg);
1226 
1227 	if (csv_output) {
1228 		fputc('\n', output);
1229 		return;
1230 	}
1231 
1232 	if (scaled) {
1233 		double avg_enabled, avg_running;
1234 
1235 		avg_enabled = avg_stats(&ps->res_stats[1]);
1236 		avg_running = avg_stats(&ps->res_stats[2]);
1237 
1238 		fprintf(output, " [%5.2f%%]", 100 * avg_running / avg_enabled);
1239 	}
1240 	fprintf(output, "\n");
1241 }
1242 
1243 /*
1244  * Print out the results of a single counter:
1245  * does not use aggregated count in system-wide
1246  */
1247 static void print_counter(struct perf_evsel *counter, char *prefix)
1248 {
1249 	u64 ena, run, val;
1250 	double uval;
1251 	int cpu;
1252 
1253 	for (cpu = 0; cpu < perf_evsel__nr_cpus(counter); cpu++) {
1254 		val = counter->counts->cpu[cpu].val;
1255 		ena = counter->counts->cpu[cpu].ena;
1256 		run = counter->counts->cpu[cpu].run;
1257 
1258 		if (prefix)
1259 			fprintf(output, "%s", prefix);
1260 
1261 		if (run == 0 || ena == 0) {
1262 			fprintf(output, "CPU%*d%s%*s%s",
1263 				csv_output ? 0 : -4,
1264 				perf_evsel__cpus(counter)->map[cpu], csv_sep,
1265 				csv_output ? 0 : 18,
1266 				counter->supported ? CNTR_NOT_COUNTED : CNTR_NOT_SUPPORTED,
1267 				csv_sep);
1268 
1269 				fprintf(output, "%-*s%s",
1270 					csv_output ? 0 : unit_width,
1271 					counter->unit, csv_sep);
1272 
1273 				fprintf(output, "%*s",
1274 					csv_output ? 0 : -25,
1275 					perf_evsel__name(counter));
1276 
1277 			if (counter->cgrp)
1278 				fprintf(output, "%s%s",
1279 					csv_sep, counter->cgrp->name);
1280 
1281 			fputc('\n', output);
1282 			continue;
1283 		}
1284 
1285 		uval = val * counter->scale;
1286 
1287 		if (nsec_counter(counter))
1288 			nsec_printout(cpu, 0, counter, uval);
1289 		else
1290 			abs_printout(cpu, 0, counter, uval);
1291 
1292 		if (!csv_output) {
1293 			print_noise(counter, 1.0);
1294 
1295 			if (run != ena)
1296 				fprintf(output, "  (%.2f%%)",
1297 					100.0 * run / ena);
1298 		}
1299 		fputc('\n', output);
1300 	}
1301 }
1302 
1303 static void print_stat(int argc, const char **argv)
1304 {
1305 	struct perf_evsel *counter;
1306 	int i;
1307 
1308 	fflush(stdout);
1309 
1310 	if (!csv_output) {
1311 		fprintf(output, "\n");
1312 		fprintf(output, " Performance counter stats for ");
1313 		if (target.system_wide)
1314 			fprintf(output, "\'system wide");
1315 		else if (target.cpu_list)
1316 			fprintf(output, "\'CPU(s) %s", target.cpu_list);
1317 		else if (!target__has_task(&target)) {
1318 			fprintf(output, "\'%s", argv[0]);
1319 			for (i = 1; i < argc; i++)
1320 				fprintf(output, " %s", argv[i]);
1321 		} else if (target.pid)
1322 			fprintf(output, "process id \'%s", target.pid);
1323 		else
1324 			fprintf(output, "thread id \'%s", target.tid);
1325 
1326 		fprintf(output, "\'");
1327 		if (run_count > 1)
1328 			fprintf(output, " (%d runs)", run_count);
1329 		fprintf(output, ":\n\n");
1330 	}
1331 
1332 	switch (aggr_mode) {
1333 	case AGGR_CORE:
1334 	case AGGR_SOCKET:
1335 		print_aggr(NULL);
1336 		break;
1337 	case AGGR_GLOBAL:
1338 		evlist__for_each(evsel_list, counter)
1339 			print_counter_aggr(counter, NULL);
1340 		break;
1341 	case AGGR_NONE:
1342 		evlist__for_each(evsel_list, counter)
1343 			print_counter(counter, NULL);
1344 		break;
1345 	default:
1346 		break;
1347 	}
1348 
1349 	if (!csv_output) {
1350 		if (!null_run)
1351 			fprintf(output, "\n");
1352 		fprintf(output, " %17.9f seconds time elapsed",
1353 				avg_stats(&walltime_nsecs_stats)/1e9);
1354 		if (run_count > 1) {
1355 			fprintf(output, "                                        ");
1356 			print_noise_pct(stddev_stats(&walltime_nsecs_stats),
1357 					avg_stats(&walltime_nsecs_stats));
1358 		}
1359 		fprintf(output, "\n\n");
1360 	}
1361 }
1362 
1363 static volatile int signr = -1;
1364 
1365 static void skip_signal(int signo)
1366 {
1367 	if ((child_pid == -1) || interval)
1368 		done = 1;
1369 
1370 	signr = signo;
1371 	/*
1372 	 * render child_pid harmless
1373 	 * won't send SIGTERM to a random
1374 	 * process in case of race condition
1375 	 * and fast PID recycling
1376 	 */
1377 	child_pid = -1;
1378 }
1379 
1380 static void sig_atexit(void)
1381 {
1382 	sigset_t set, oset;
1383 
1384 	/*
1385 	 * avoid race condition with SIGCHLD handler
1386 	 * in skip_signal() which is modifying child_pid
1387 	 * goal is to avoid send SIGTERM to a random
1388 	 * process
1389 	 */
1390 	sigemptyset(&set);
1391 	sigaddset(&set, SIGCHLD);
1392 	sigprocmask(SIG_BLOCK, &set, &oset);
1393 
1394 	if (child_pid != -1)
1395 		kill(child_pid, SIGTERM);
1396 
1397 	sigprocmask(SIG_SETMASK, &oset, NULL);
1398 
1399 	if (signr == -1)
1400 		return;
1401 
1402 	signal(signr, SIG_DFL);
1403 	kill(getpid(), signr);
1404 }
1405 
1406 static int stat__set_big_num(const struct option *opt __maybe_unused,
1407 			     const char *s __maybe_unused, int unset)
1408 {
1409 	big_num_opt = unset ? 0 : 1;
1410 	return 0;
1411 }
1412 
1413 static int perf_stat_init_aggr_mode(void)
1414 {
1415 	switch (aggr_mode) {
1416 	case AGGR_SOCKET:
1417 		if (cpu_map__build_socket_map(evsel_list->cpus, &aggr_map)) {
1418 			perror("cannot build socket map");
1419 			return -1;
1420 		}
1421 		aggr_get_id = cpu_map__get_socket;
1422 		break;
1423 	case AGGR_CORE:
1424 		if (cpu_map__build_core_map(evsel_list->cpus, &aggr_map)) {
1425 			perror("cannot build core map");
1426 			return -1;
1427 		}
1428 		aggr_get_id = cpu_map__get_core;
1429 		break;
1430 	case AGGR_NONE:
1431 	case AGGR_GLOBAL:
1432 	default:
1433 		break;
1434 	}
1435 	return 0;
1436 }
1437 
1438 static int setup_events(const char * const *attrs, unsigned len)
1439 {
1440 	unsigned i;
1441 
1442 	for (i = 0; i < len; i++) {
1443 		if (parse_events(evsel_list, attrs[i]))
1444 			return -1;
1445 	}
1446 	return 0;
1447 }
1448 
1449 /*
1450  * Add default attributes, if there were no attributes specified or
1451  * if -d/--detailed, -d -d or -d -d -d is used:
1452  */
1453 static int add_default_attributes(void)
1454 {
1455 	struct perf_event_attr default_attrs[] = {
1456 
1457   { .type = PERF_TYPE_SOFTWARE, .config = PERF_COUNT_SW_TASK_CLOCK		},
1458   { .type = PERF_TYPE_SOFTWARE, .config = PERF_COUNT_SW_CONTEXT_SWITCHES	},
1459   { .type = PERF_TYPE_SOFTWARE, .config = PERF_COUNT_SW_CPU_MIGRATIONS		},
1460   { .type = PERF_TYPE_SOFTWARE, .config = PERF_COUNT_SW_PAGE_FAULTS		},
1461 
1462   { .type = PERF_TYPE_HARDWARE, .config = PERF_COUNT_HW_CPU_CYCLES		},
1463   { .type = PERF_TYPE_HARDWARE, .config = PERF_COUNT_HW_STALLED_CYCLES_FRONTEND	},
1464   { .type = PERF_TYPE_HARDWARE, .config = PERF_COUNT_HW_STALLED_CYCLES_BACKEND	},
1465   { .type = PERF_TYPE_HARDWARE, .config = PERF_COUNT_HW_INSTRUCTIONS		},
1466   { .type = PERF_TYPE_HARDWARE, .config = PERF_COUNT_HW_BRANCH_INSTRUCTIONS	},
1467   { .type = PERF_TYPE_HARDWARE, .config = PERF_COUNT_HW_BRANCH_MISSES		},
1468 
1469 };
1470 
1471 /*
1472  * Detailed stats (-d), covering the L1 and last level data caches:
1473  */
1474 	struct perf_event_attr detailed_attrs[] = {
1475 
1476   { .type = PERF_TYPE_HW_CACHE,
1477     .config =
1478 	 PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_L1D		<<  0  |
1479 	(PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_OP_READ		<<  8) |
1480 	(PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_RESULT_ACCESS	<< 16)				},
1481 
1482   { .type = PERF_TYPE_HW_CACHE,
1483     .config =
1484 	 PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_L1D		<<  0  |
1485 	(PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_OP_READ		<<  8) |
1486 	(PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_RESULT_MISS	<< 16)				},
1487 
1488   { .type = PERF_TYPE_HW_CACHE,
1489     .config =
1490 	 PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_LL			<<  0  |
1491 	(PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_OP_READ		<<  8) |
1492 	(PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_RESULT_ACCESS	<< 16)				},
1493 
1494   { .type = PERF_TYPE_HW_CACHE,
1495     .config =
1496 	 PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_LL			<<  0  |
1497 	(PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_OP_READ		<<  8) |
1498 	(PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_RESULT_MISS	<< 16)				},
1499 };
1500 
1501 /*
1502  * Very detailed stats (-d -d), covering the instruction cache and the TLB caches:
1503  */
1504 	struct perf_event_attr very_detailed_attrs[] = {
1505 
1506   { .type = PERF_TYPE_HW_CACHE,
1507     .config =
1508 	 PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_L1I		<<  0  |
1509 	(PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_OP_READ		<<  8) |
1510 	(PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_RESULT_ACCESS	<< 16)				},
1511 
1512   { .type = PERF_TYPE_HW_CACHE,
1513     .config =
1514 	 PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_L1I		<<  0  |
1515 	(PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_OP_READ		<<  8) |
1516 	(PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_RESULT_MISS	<< 16)				},
1517 
1518   { .type = PERF_TYPE_HW_CACHE,
1519     .config =
1520 	 PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_DTLB		<<  0  |
1521 	(PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_OP_READ		<<  8) |
1522 	(PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_RESULT_ACCESS	<< 16)				},
1523 
1524   { .type = PERF_TYPE_HW_CACHE,
1525     .config =
1526 	 PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_DTLB		<<  0  |
1527 	(PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_OP_READ		<<  8) |
1528 	(PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_RESULT_MISS	<< 16)				},
1529 
1530   { .type = PERF_TYPE_HW_CACHE,
1531     .config =
1532 	 PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_ITLB		<<  0  |
1533 	(PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_OP_READ		<<  8) |
1534 	(PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_RESULT_ACCESS	<< 16)				},
1535 
1536   { .type = PERF_TYPE_HW_CACHE,
1537     .config =
1538 	 PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_ITLB		<<  0  |
1539 	(PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_OP_READ		<<  8) |
1540 	(PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_RESULT_MISS	<< 16)				},
1541 
1542 };
1543 
1544 /*
1545  * Very, very detailed stats (-d -d -d), adding prefetch events:
1546  */
1547 	struct perf_event_attr very_very_detailed_attrs[] = {
1548 
1549   { .type = PERF_TYPE_HW_CACHE,
1550     .config =
1551 	 PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_L1D		<<  0  |
1552 	(PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_OP_PREFETCH	<<  8) |
1553 	(PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_RESULT_ACCESS	<< 16)				},
1554 
1555   { .type = PERF_TYPE_HW_CACHE,
1556     .config =
1557 	 PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_L1D		<<  0  |
1558 	(PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_OP_PREFETCH	<<  8) |
1559 	(PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_RESULT_MISS	<< 16)				},
1560 };
1561 
1562 	/* Set attrs if no event is selected and !null_run: */
1563 	if (null_run)
1564 		return 0;
1565 
1566 	if (transaction_run) {
1567 		int err;
1568 		if (pmu_have_event("cpu", "cycles-ct") &&
1569 		    pmu_have_event("cpu", "el-start"))
1570 			err = setup_events(transaction_attrs,
1571 					ARRAY_SIZE(transaction_attrs));
1572 		else
1573 			err = setup_events(transaction_limited_attrs,
1574 				 ARRAY_SIZE(transaction_limited_attrs));
1575 		if (err < 0) {
1576 			fprintf(stderr, "Cannot set up transaction events\n");
1577 			return -1;
1578 		}
1579 		return 0;
1580 	}
1581 
1582 	if (!evsel_list->nr_entries) {
1583 		if (perf_evlist__add_default_attrs(evsel_list, default_attrs) < 0)
1584 			return -1;
1585 	}
1586 
1587 	/* Detailed events get appended to the event list: */
1588 
1589 	if (detailed_run <  1)
1590 		return 0;
1591 
1592 	/* Append detailed run extra attributes: */
1593 	if (perf_evlist__add_default_attrs(evsel_list, detailed_attrs) < 0)
1594 		return -1;
1595 
1596 	if (detailed_run < 2)
1597 		return 0;
1598 
1599 	/* Append very detailed run extra attributes: */
1600 	if (perf_evlist__add_default_attrs(evsel_list, very_detailed_attrs) < 0)
1601 		return -1;
1602 
1603 	if (detailed_run < 3)
1604 		return 0;
1605 
1606 	/* Append very, very detailed run extra attributes: */
1607 	return perf_evlist__add_default_attrs(evsel_list, very_very_detailed_attrs);
1608 }
1609 
1610 int cmd_stat(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix __maybe_unused)
1611 {
1612 	bool append_file = false;
1613 	int output_fd = 0;
1614 	const char *output_name	= NULL;
1615 	const struct option options[] = {
1616 	OPT_BOOLEAN('T', "transaction", &transaction_run,
1617 		    "hardware transaction statistics"),
1618 	OPT_CALLBACK('e', "event", &evsel_list, "event",
1619 		     "event selector. use 'perf list' to list available events",
1620 		     parse_events_option),
1621 	OPT_CALLBACK(0, "filter", &evsel_list, "filter",
1622 		     "event filter", parse_filter),
1623 	OPT_BOOLEAN('i', "no-inherit", &no_inherit,
1624 		    "child tasks do not inherit counters"),
1625 	OPT_STRING('p', "pid", &target.pid, "pid",
1626 		   "stat events on existing process id"),
1627 	OPT_STRING('t', "tid", &target.tid, "tid",
1628 		   "stat events on existing thread id"),
1629 	OPT_BOOLEAN('a', "all-cpus", &target.system_wide,
1630 		    "system-wide collection from all CPUs"),
1631 	OPT_BOOLEAN('g', "group", &group,
1632 		    "put the counters into a counter group"),
1633 	OPT_BOOLEAN('c', "scale", &scale, "scale/normalize counters"),
1634 	OPT_INCR('v', "verbose", &verbose,
1635 		    "be more verbose (show counter open errors, etc)"),
1636 	OPT_INTEGER('r', "repeat", &run_count,
1637 		    "repeat command and print average + stddev (max: 100, forever: 0)"),
1638 	OPT_BOOLEAN('n', "null", &null_run,
1639 		    "null run - dont start any counters"),
1640 	OPT_INCR('d', "detailed", &detailed_run,
1641 		    "detailed run - start a lot of events"),
1642 	OPT_BOOLEAN('S', "sync", &sync_run,
1643 		    "call sync() before starting a run"),
1644 	OPT_CALLBACK_NOOPT('B', "big-num", NULL, NULL,
1645 			   "print large numbers with thousands\' separators",
1646 			   stat__set_big_num),
1647 	OPT_STRING('C', "cpu", &target.cpu_list, "cpu",
1648 		    "list of cpus to monitor in system-wide"),
1649 	OPT_SET_UINT('A', "no-aggr", &aggr_mode,
1650 		    "disable CPU count aggregation", AGGR_NONE),
1651 	OPT_STRING('x', "field-separator", &csv_sep, "separator",
1652 		   "print counts with custom separator"),
1653 	OPT_CALLBACK('G', "cgroup", &evsel_list, "name",
1654 		     "monitor event in cgroup name only", parse_cgroups),
1655 	OPT_STRING('o', "output", &output_name, "file", "output file name"),
1656 	OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "append", &append_file, "append to the output file"),
1657 	OPT_INTEGER(0, "log-fd", &output_fd,
1658 		    "log output to fd, instead of stderr"),
1659 	OPT_STRING(0, "pre", &pre_cmd, "command",
1660 			"command to run prior to the measured command"),
1661 	OPT_STRING(0, "post", &post_cmd, "command",
1662 			"command to run after to the measured command"),
1663 	OPT_UINTEGER('I', "interval-print", &interval,
1664 		    "print counts at regular interval in ms (>= 100)"),
1665 	OPT_SET_UINT(0, "per-socket", &aggr_mode,
1666 		     "aggregate counts per processor socket", AGGR_SOCKET),
1667 	OPT_SET_UINT(0, "per-core", &aggr_mode,
1668 		     "aggregate counts per physical processor core", AGGR_CORE),
1669 	OPT_UINTEGER('D', "delay", &initial_delay,
1670 		     "ms to wait before starting measurement after program start"),
1671 	OPT_END()
1672 	};
1673 	const char * const stat_usage[] = {
1674 		"perf stat [<options>] [<command>]",
1675 		NULL
1676 	};
1677 	int status = -EINVAL, run_idx;
1678 	const char *mode;
1679 
1680 	setlocale(LC_ALL, "");
1681 
1682 	evsel_list = perf_evlist__new();
1683 	if (evsel_list == NULL)
1684 		return -ENOMEM;
1685 
1686 	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, options, stat_usage,
1687 		PARSE_OPT_STOP_AT_NON_OPTION);
1688 
1689 	output = stderr;
1690 	if (output_name && strcmp(output_name, "-"))
1691 		output = NULL;
1692 
1693 	if (output_name && output_fd) {
1694 		fprintf(stderr, "cannot use both --output and --log-fd\n");
1695 		parse_options_usage(stat_usage, options, "o", 1);
1696 		parse_options_usage(NULL, options, "log-fd", 0);
1697 		goto out;
1698 	}
1699 
1700 	if (output_fd < 0) {
1701 		fprintf(stderr, "argument to --log-fd must be a > 0\n");
1702 		parse_options_usage(stat_usage, options, "log-fd", 0);
1703 		goto out;
1704 	}
1705 
1706 	if (!output) {
1707 		struct timespec tm;
1708 		mode = append_file ? "a" : "w";
1709 
1710 		output = fopen(output_name, mode);
1711 		if (!output) {
1712 			perror("failed to create output file");
1713 			return -1;
1714 		}
1715 		clock_gettime(CLOCK_REALTIME, &tm);
1716 		fprintf(output, "# started on %s\n", ctime(&tm.tv_sec));
1717 	} else if (output_fd > 0) {
1718 		mode = append_file ? "a" : "w";
1719 		output = fdopen(output_fd, mode);
1720 		if (!output) {
1721 			perror("Failed opening logfd");
1722 			return -errno;
1723 		}
1724 	}
1725 
1726 	if (csv_sep) {
1727 		csv_output = true;
1728 		if (!strcmp(csv_sep, "\\t"))
1729 			csv_sep = "\t";
1730 	} else
1731 		csv_sep = DEFAULT_SEPARATOR;
1732 
1733 	/*
1734 	 * let the spreadsheet do the pretty-printing
1735 	 */
1736 	if (csv_output) {
1737 		/* User explicitly passed -B? */
1738 		if (big_num_opt == 1) {
1739 			fprintf(stderr, "-B option not supported with -x\n");
1740 			parse_options_usage(stat_usage, options, "B", 1);
1741 			parse_options_usage(NULL, options, "x", 1);
1742 			goto out;
1743 		} else /* Nope, so disable big number formatting */
1744 			big_num = false;
1745 	} else if (big_num_opt == 0) /* User passed --no-big-num */
1746 		big_num = false;
1747 
1748 	if (!argc && target__none(&target))
1749 		usage_with_options(stat_usage, options);
1750 
1751 	if (run_count < 0) {
1752 		pr_err("Run count must be a positive number\n");
1753 		parse_options_usage(stat_usage, options, "r", 1);
1754 		goto out;
1755 	} else if (run_count == 0) {
1756 		forever = true;
1757 		run_count = 1;
1758 	}
1759 
1760 	/* no_aggr, cgroup are for system-wide only */
1761 	if ((aggr_mode != AGGR_GLOBAL || nr_cgroups) &&
1762 	    !target__has_cpu(&target)) {
1763 		fprintf(stderr, "both cgroup and no-aggregation "
1764 			"modes only available in system-wide mode\n");
1765 
1766 		parse_options_usage(stat_usage, options, "G", 1);
1767 		parse_options_usage(NULL, options, "A", 1);
1768 		parse_options_usage(NULL, options, "a", 1);
1769 		goto out;
1770 	}
1771 
1772 	if (add_default_attributes())
1773 		goto out;
1774 
1775 	target__validate(&target);
1776 
1777 	if (perf_evlist__create_maps(evsel_list, &target) < 0) {
1778 		if (target__has_task(&target)) {
1779 			pr_err("Problems finding threads of monitor\n");
1780 			parse_options_usage(stat_usage, options, "p", 1);
1781 			parse_options_usage(NULL, options, "t", 1);
1782 		} else if (target__has_cpu(&target)) {
1783 			perror("failed to parse CPUs map");
1784 			parse_options_usage(stat_usage, options, "C", 1);
1785 			parse_options_usage(NULL, options, "a", 1);
1786 		}
1787 		goto out;
1788 	}
1789 	if (interval && interval < 100) {
1790 		pr_err("print interval must be >= 100ms\n");
1791 		parse_options_usage(stat_usage, options, "I", 1);
1792 		goto out;
1793 	}
1794 
1795 	if (perf_evlist__alloc_stats(evsel_list, interval))
1796 		goto out;
1797 
1798 	if (perf_stat_init_aggr_mode())
1799 		goto out;
1800 
1801 	/*
1802 	 * We dont want to block the signals - that would cause
1803 	 * child tasks to inherit that and Ctrl-C would not work.
1804 	 * What we want is for Ctrl-C to work in the exec()-ed
1805 	 * task, but being ignored by perf stat itself:
1806 	 */
1807 	atexit(sig_atexit);
1808 	if (!forever)
1809 		signal(SIGINT,  skip_signal);
1810 	signal(SIGCHLD, skip_signal);
1811 	signal(SIGALRM, skip_signal);
1812 	signal(SIGABRT, skip_signal);
1813 
1814 	status = 0;
1815 	for (run_idx = 0; forever || run_idx < run_count; run_idx++) {
1816 		if (run_count != 1 && verbose)
1817 			fprintf(output, "[ perf stat: executing run #%d ... ]\n",
1818 				run_idx + 1);
1819 
1820 		status = run_perf_stat(argc, argv);
1821 		if (forever && status != -1) {
1822 			print_stat(argc, argv);
1823 			perf_stat__reset_stats(evsel_list);
1824 		}
1825 	}
1826 
1827 	if (!forever && status != -1 && !interval)
1828 		print_stat(argc, argv);
1829 
1830 	perf_evlist__free_stats(evsel_list);
1831 out:
1832 	perf_evlist__delete(evsel_list);
1833 	return status;
1834 }
1835