xref: /linux/tools/perf/builtin-stat.c (revision 12871a0bd67dd4db4418e1daafcd46e9d329ef10)
1 /*
2  * builtin-stat.c
3  *
4  * Builtin stat command: Give a precise performance counters summary
5  * overview about any workload, CPU or specific PID.
6  *
7  * Sample output:
8 
9    $ perf stat ./hackbench 10
10 
11   Time: 0.118
12 
13   Performance counter stats for './hackbench 10':
14 
15        1708.761321 task-clock                #   11.037 CPUs utilized
16             41,190 context-switches          #    0.024 M/sec
17              6,735 CPU-migrations            #    0.004 M/sec
18             17,318 page-faults               #    0.010 M/sec
19      5,205,202,243 cycles                    #    3.046 GHz
20      3,856,436,920 stalled-cycles-frontend   #   74.09% frontend cycles idle
21      1,600,790,871 stalled-cycles-backend    #   30.75% backend  cycles idle
22      2,603,501,247 instructions              #    0.50  insns per cycle
23                                              #    1.48  stalled cycles per insn
24        484,357,498 branches                  #  283.455 M/sec
25          6,388,934 branch-misses             #    1.32% of all branches
26 
27         0.154822978  seconds time elapsed
28 
29  *
30  * Copyright (C) 2008-2011, Red Hat Inc, Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
31  *
32  * Improvements and fixes by:
33  *
34  *   Arjan van de Ven <arjan@linux.intel.com>
35  *   Yanmin Zhang <yanmin.zhang@intel.com>
36  *   Wu Fengguang <fengguang.wu@intel.com>
37  *   Mike Galbraith <efault@gmx.de>
38  *   Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
39  *   Jaswinder Singh Rajput <jaswinder@kernel.org>
40  *
41  * Released under the GPL v2. (and only v2, not any later version)
42  */
43 
44 #include "perf.h"
45 #include "builtin.h"
46 #include "util/util.h"
47 #include "util/parse-options.h"
48 #include "util/parse-events.h"
49 #include "util/event.h"
50 #include "util/evlist.h"
51 #include "util/evsel.h"
52 #include "util/debug.h"
53 #include "util/color.h"
54 #include "util/header.h"
55 #include "util/cpumap.h"
56 #include "util/thread.h"
57 #include "util/thread_map.h"
58 
59 #include <sys/prctl.h>
60 #include <math.h>
61 #include <locale.h>
62 
63 #define DEFAULT_SEPARATOR	" "
64 
65 static struct perf_event_attr default_attrs[] = {
66 
67   { .type = PERF_TYPE_SOFTWARE, .config = PERF_COUNT_SW_TASK_CLOCK		},
68   { .type = PERF_TYPE_SOFTWARE, .config = PERF_COUNT_SW_CONTEXT_SWITCHES	},
69   { .type = PERF_TYPE_SOFTWARE, .config = PERF_COUNT_SW_CPU_MIGRATIONS		},
70   { .type = PERF_TYPE_SOFTWARE, .config = PERF_COUNT_SW_PAGE_FAULTS		},
71 
72   { .type = PERF_TYPE_HARDWARE, .config = PERF_COUNT_HW_CPU_CYCLES		},
73   { .type = PERF_TYPE_HARDWARE, .config = PERF_COUNT_HW_STALLED_CYCLES_FRONTEND	},
74   { .type = PERF_TYPE_HARDWARE, .config = PERF_COUNT_HW_STALLED_CYCLES_BACKEND	},
75   { .type = PERF_TYPE_HARDWARE, .config = PERF_COUNT_HW_INSTRUCTIONS		},
76   { .type = PERF_TYPE_HARDWARE, .config = PERF_COUNT_HW_BRANCH_INSTRUCTIONS	},
77   { .type = PERF_TYPE_HARDWARE, .config = PERF_COUNT_HW_BRANCH_MISSES		},
78 
79 };
80 
81 /*
82  * Detailed stats (-d), covering the L1 and last level data caches:
83  */
84 static struct perf_event_attr detailed_attrs[] = {
85 
86   { .type = PERF_TYPE_HW_CACHE,
87     .config =
88 	 PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_L1D		<<  0  |
89 	(PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_OP_READ		<<  8) |
90 	(PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_RESULT_ACCESS	<< 16)				},
91 
92   { .type = PERF_TYPE_HW_CACHE,
93     .config =
94 	 PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_L1D		<<  0  |
95 	(PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_OP_READ		<<  8) |
96 	(PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_RESULT_MISS	<< 16)				},
97 
98   { .type = PERF_TYPE_HW_CACHE,
99     .config =
100 	 PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_LL			<<  0  |
101 	(PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_OP_READ		<<  8) |
102 	(PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_RESULT_ACCESS	<< 16)				},
103 
104   { .type = PERF_TYPE_HW_CACHE,
105     .config =
106 	 PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_LL			<<  0  |
107 	(PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_OP_READ		<<  8) |
108 	(PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_RESULT_MISS	<< 16)				},
109 };
110 
111 /*
112  * Very detailed stats (-d -d), covering the instruction cache and the TLB caches:
113  */
114 static struct perf_event_attr very_detailed_attrs[] = {
115 
116   { .type = PERF_TYPE_HW_CACHE,
117     .config =
118 	 PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_L1I		<<  0  |
119 	(PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_OP_READ		<<  8) |
120 	(PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_RESULT_ACCESS	<< 16)				},
121 
122   { .type = PERF_TYPE_HW_CACHE,
123     .config =
124 	 PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_L1I		<<  0  |
125 	(PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_OP_READ		<<  8) |
126 	(PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_RESULT_MISS	<< 16)				},
127 
128   { .type = PERF_TYPE_HW_CACHE,
129     .config =
130 	 PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_DTLB		<<  0  |
131 	(PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_OP_READ		<<  8) |
132 	(PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_RESULT_ACCESS	<< 16)				},
133 
134   { .type = PERF_TYPE_HW_CACHE,
135     .config =
136 	 PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_DTLB		<<  0  |
137 	(PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_OP_READ		<<  8) |
138 	(PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_RESULT_MISS	<< 16)				},
139 
140   { .type = PERF_TYPE_HW_CACHE,
141     .config =
142 	 PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_ITLB		<<  0  |
143 	(PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_OP_READ		<<  8) |
144 	(PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_RESULT_ACCESS	<< 16)				},
145 
146   { .type = PERF_TYPE_HW_CACHE,
147     .config =
148 	 PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_ITLB		<<  0  |
149 	(PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_OP_READ		<<  8) |
150 	(PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_RESULT_MISS	<< 16)				},
151 
152 };
153 
154 /*
155  * Very, very detailed stats (-d -d -d), adding prefetch events:
156  */
157 static struct perf_event_attr very_very_detailed_attrs[] = {
158 
159   { .type = PERF_TYPE_HW_CACHE,
160     .config =
161 	 PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_L1D		<<  0  |
162 	(PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_OP_PREFETCH	<<  8) |
163 	(PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_RESULT_ACCESS	<< 16)				},
164 
165   { .type = PERF_TYPE_HW_CACHE,
166     .config =
167 	 PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_L1D		<<  0  |
168 	(PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_OP_PREFETCH	<<  8) |
169 	(PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_RESULT_MISS	<< 16)				},
170 };
171 
172 
173 
174 struct perf_evlist		*evsel_list;
175 
176 static bool			system_wide			=  false;
177 static int			run_idx				=  0;
178 
179 static int			run_count			=  1;
180 static bool			no_inherit			= false;
181 static bool			scale				=  true;
182 static bool			no_aggr				= false;
183 static pid_t			target_pid			= -1;
184 static pid_t			target_tid			= -1;
185 static pid_t			child_pid			= -1;
186 static bool			null_run			=  false;
187 static int			detailed_run			=  0;
188 static bool			sync_run			=  false;
189 static bool			big_num				=  true;
190 static int			big_num_opt			=  -1;
191 static const char		*cpu_list;
192 static const char		*csv_sep			= NULL;
193 static bool			csv_output			= false;
194 
195 static volatile int done = 0;
196 
197 struct stats
198 {
199 	double n, mean, M2;
200 };
201 
202 struct perf_stat {
203 	struct stats	  res_stats[3];
204 };
205 
206 static int perf_evsel__alloc_stat_priv(struct perf_evsel *evsel)
207 {
208 	evsel->priv = zalloc(sizeof(struct perf_stat));
209 	return evsel->priv == NULL ? -ENOMEM : 0;
210 }
211 
212 static void perf_evsel__free_stat_priv(struct perf_evsel *evsel)
213 {
214 	free(evsel->priv);
215 	evsel->priv = NULL;
216 }
217 
218 static void update_stats(struct stats *stats, u64 val)
219 {
220 	double delta;
221 
222 	stats->n++;
223 	delta = val - stats->mean;
224 	stats->mean += delta / stats->n;
225 	stats->M2 += delta*(val - stats->mean);
226 }
227 
228 static double avg_stats(struct stats *stats)
229 {
230 	return stats->mean;
231 }
232 
233 /*
234  * http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Algorithms_for_calculating_variance
235  *
236  *       (\Sum n_i^2) - ((\Sum n_i)^2)/n
237  * s^2 = -------------------------------
238  *                  n - 1
239  *
240  * http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stddev
241  *
242  * The std dev of the mean is related to the std dev by:
243  *
244  *             s
245  * s_mean = -------
246  *          sqrt(n)
247  *
248  */
249 static double stddev_stats(struct stats *stats)
250 {
251 	double variance = stats->M2 / (stats->n - 1);
252 	double variance_mean = variance / stats->n;
253 
254 	return sqrt(variance_mean);
255 }
256 
257 struct stats			runtime_nsecs_stats[MAX_NR_CPUS];
258 struct stats			runtime_cycles_stats[MAX_NR_CPUS];
259 struct stats			runtime_stalled_cycles_front_stats[MAX_NR_CPUS];
260 struct stats			runtime_stalled_cycles_back_stats[MAX_NR_CPUS];
261 struct stats			runtime_branches_stats[MAX_NR_CPUS];
262 struct stats			runtime_cacherefs_stats[MAX_NR_CPUS];
263 struct stats			runtime_l1_dcache_stats[MAX_NR_CPUS];
264 struct stats			runtime_l1_icache_stats[MAX_NR_CPUS];
265 struct stats			runtime_ll_cache_stats[MAX_NR_CPUS];
266 struct stats			runtime_itlb_cache_stats[MAX_NR_CPUS];
267 struct stats			runtime_dtlb_cache_stats[MAX_NR_CPUS];
268 struct stats			walltime_nsecs_stats;
269 
270 static int create_perf_stat_counter(struct perf_evsel *evsel)
271 {
272 	struct perf_event_attr *attr = &evsel->attr;
273 
274 	if (scale)
275 		attr->read_format = PERF_FORMAT_TOTAL_TIME_ENABLED |
276 				    PERF_FORMAT_TOTAL_TIME_RUNNING;
277 
278 	attr->inherit = !no_inherit;
279 
280 	if (system_wide)
281 		return perf_evsel__open_per_cpu(evsel, evsel_list->cpus, false);
282 
283 	if (target_pid == -1 && target_tid == -1) {
284 		attr->disabled = 1;
285 		attr->enable_on_exec = 1;
286 	}
287 
288 	return perf_evsel__open_per_thread(evsel, evsel_list->threads, false);
289 }
290 
291 /*
292  * Does the counter have nsecs as a unit?
293  */
294 static inline int nsec_counter(struct perf_evsel *evsel)
295 {
296 	if (perf_evsel__match(evsel, SOFTWARE, SW_CPU_CLOCK) ||
297 	    perf_evsel__match(evsel, SOFTWARE, SW_TASK_CLOCK))
298 		return 1;
299 
300 	return 0;
301 }
302 
303 /*
304  * Update various tracking values we maintain to print
305  * more semantic information such as miss/hit ratios,
306  * instruction rates, etc:
307  */
308 static void update_shadow_stats(struct perf_evsel *counter, u64 *count)
309 {
310 	if (perf_evsel__match(counter, SOFTWARE, SW_TASK_CLOCK))
311 		update_stats(&runtime_nsecs_stats[0], count[0]);
312 	else if (perf_evsel__match(counter, HARDWARE, HW_CPU_CYCLES))
313 		update_stats(&runtime_cycles_stats[0], count[0]);
314 	else if (perf_evsel__match(counter, HARDWARE, HW_STALLED_CYCLES_FRONTEND))
315 		update_stats(&runtime_stalled_cycles_front_stats[0], count[0]);
316 	else if (perf_evsel__match(counter, HARDWARE, HW_STALLED_CYCLES_BACKEND))
317 		update_stats(&runtime_stalled_cycles_back_stats[0], count[0]);
318 	else if (perf_evsel__match(counter, HARDWARE, HW_BRANCH_INSTRUCTIONS))
319 		update_stats(&runtime_branches_stats[0], count[0]);
320 	else if (perf_evsel__match(counter, HARDWARE, HW_CACHE_REFERENCES))
321 		update_stats(&runtime_cacherefs_stats[0], count[0]);
322 	else if (perf_evsel__match(counter, HW_CACHE, HW_CACHE_L1D))
323 		update_stats(&runtime_l1_dcache_stats[0], count[0]);
324 	else if (perf_evsel__match(counter, HW_CACHE, HW_CACHE_L1I))
325 		update_stats(&runtime_l1_icache_stats[0], count[0]);
326 	else if (perf_evsel__match(counter, HW_CACHE, HW_CACHE_LL))
327 		update_stats(&runtime_ll_cache_stats[0], count[0]);
328 	else if (perf_evsel__match(counter, HW_CACHE, HW_CACHE_DTLB))
329 		update_stats(&runtime_dtlb_cache_stats[0], count[0]);
330 	else if (perf_evsel__match(counter, HW_CACHE, HW_CACHE_ITLB))
331 		update_stats(&runtime_itlb_cache_stats[0], count[0]);
332 }
333 
334 /*
335  * Read out the results of a single counter:
336  * aggregate counts across CPUs in system-wide mode
337  */
338 static int read_counter_aggr(struct perf_evsel *counter)
339 {
340 	struct perf_stat *ps = counter->priv;
341 	u64 *count = counter->counts->aggr.values;
342 	int i;
343 
344 	if (__perf_evsel__read(counter, evsel_list->cpus->nr,
345 			       evsel_list->threads->nr, scale) < 0)
346 		return -1;
347 
348 	for (i = 0; i < 3; i++)
349 		update_stats(&ps->res_stats[i], count[i]);
350 
351 	if (verbose) {
352 		fprintf(stderr, "%s: %" PRIu64 " %" PRIu64 " %" PRIu64 "\n",
353 			event_name(counter), count[0], count[1], count[2]);
354 	}
355 
356 	/*
357 	 * Save the full runtime - to allow normalization during printout:
358 	 */
359 	update_shadow_stats(counter, count);
360 
361 	return 0;
362 }
363 
364 /*
365  * Read out the results of a single counter:
366  * do not aggregate counts across CPUs in system-wide mode
367  */
368 static int read_counter(struct perf_evsel *counter)
369 {
370 	u64 *count;
371 	int cpu;
372 
373 	for (cpu = 0; cpu < evsel_list->cpus->nr; cpu++) {
374 		if (__perf_evsel__read_on_cpu(counter, cpu, 0, scale) < 0)
375 			return -1;
376 
377 		count = counter->counts->cpu[cpu].values;
378 
379 		update_shadow_stats(counter, count);
380 	}
381 
382 	return 0;
383 }
384 
385 static int run_perf_stat(int argc __used, const char **argv)
386 {
387 	unsigned long long t0, t1;
388 	struct perf_evsel *counter;
389 	int status = 0;
390 	int child_ready_pipe[2], go_pipe[2];
391 	const bool forks = (argc > 0);
392 	char buf;
393 
394 	if (forks && (pipe(child_ready_pipe) < 0 || pipe(go_pipe) < 0)) {
395 		perror("failed to create pipes");
396 		exit(1);
397 	}
398 
399 	if (forks) {
400 		if ((child_pid = fork()) < 0)
401 			perror("failed to fork");
402 
403 		if (!child_pid) {
404 			close(child_ready_pipe[0]);
405 			close(go_pipe[1]);
406 			fcntl(go_pipe[0], F_SETFD, FD_CLOEXEC);
407 
408 			/*
409 			 * Do a dummy execvp to get the PLT entry resolved,
410 			 * so we avoid the resolver overhead on the real
411 			 * execvp call.
412 			 */
413 			execvp("", (char **)argv);
414 
415 			/*
416 			 * Tell the parent we're ready to go
417 			 */
418 			close(child_ready_pipe[1]);
419 
420 			/*
421 			 * Wait until the parent tells us to go.
422 			 */
423 			if (read(go_pipe[0], &buf, 1) == -1)
424 				perror("unable to read pipe");
425 
426 			execvp(argv[0], (char **)argv);
427 
428 			perror(argv[0]);
429 			exit(-1);
430 		}
431 
432 		if (target_tid == -1 && target_pid == -1 && !system_wide)
433 			evsel_list->threads->map[0] = child_pid;
434 
435 		/*
436 		 * Wait for the child to be ready to exec.
437 		 */
438 		close(child_ready_pipe[1]);
439 		close(go_pipe[0]);
440 		if (read(child_ready_pipe[0], &buf, 1) == -1)
441 			perror("unable to read pipe");
442 		close(child_ready_pipe[0]);
443 	}
444 
445 	list_for_each_entry(counter, &evsel_list->entries, node) {
446 		if (create_perf_stat_counter(counter) < 0) {
447 			if (errno == EINVAL || errno == ENOSYS || errno == ENOENT) {
448 				if (verbose)
449 					ui__warning("%s event is not supported by the kernel.\n",
450 						    event_name(counter));
451 				continue;
452 			}
453 
454 			if (errno == EPERM || errno == EACCES) {
455 				error("You may not have permission to collect %sstats.\n"
456 				      "\t Consider tweaking"
457 				      " /proc/sys/kernel/perf_event_paranoid or running as root.",
458 				      system_wide ? "system-wide " : "");
459 			} else {
460 				error("open_counter returned with %d (%s). "
461 				      "/bin/dmesg may provide additional information.\n",
462 				       errno, strerror(errno));
463 			}
464 			if (child_pid != -1)
465 				kill(child_pid, SIGTERM);
466 			die("Not all events could be opened.\n");
467 			return -1;
468 		}
469 	}
470 
471 	if (perf_evlist__set_filters(evsel_list)) {
472 		error("failed to set filter with %d (%s)\n", errno,
473 			strerror(errno));
474 		return -1;
475 	}
476 
477 	/*
478 	 * Enable counters and exec the command:
479 	 */
480 	t0 = rdclock();
481 
482 	if (forks) {
483 		close(go_pipe[1]);
484 		wait(&status);
485 	} else {
486 		while(!done) sleep(1);
487 	}
488 
489 	t1 = rdclock();
490 
491 	update_stats(&walltime_nsecs_stats, t1 - t0);
492 
493 	if (no_aggr) {
494 		list_for_each_entry(counter, &evsel_list->entries, node) {
495 			read_counter(counter);
496 			perf_evsel__close_fd(counter, evsel_list->cpus->nr, 1);
497 		}
498 	} else {
499 		list_for_each_entry(counter, &evsel_list->entries, node) {
500 			read_counter_aggr(counter);
501 			perf_evsel__close_fd(counter, evsel_list->cpus->nr,
502 					     evsel_list->threads->nr);
503 		}
504 	}
505 
506 	return WEXITSTATUS(status);
507 }
508 
509 static void print_noise_pct(double total, double avg)
510 {
511 	double pct = 0.0;
512 
513 	if (avg)
514 		pct = 100.0*total/avg;
515 
516 	fprintf(stderr, "  ( +-%6.2f%% )", pct);
517 }
518 
519 static void print_noise(struct perf_evsel *evsel, double avg)
520 {
521 	struct perf_stat *ps;
522 
523 	if (run_count == 1)
524 		return;
525 
526 	ps = evsel->priv;
527 	print_noise_pct(stddev_stats(&ps->res_stats[0]), avg);
528 }
529 
530 static void nsec_printout(int cpu, struct perf_evsel *evsel, double avg)
531 {
532 	double msecs = avg / 1e6;
533 	char cpustr[16] = { '\0', };
534 	const char *fmt = csv_output ? "%s%.6f%s%s" : "%s%18.6f%s%-25s";
535 
536 	if (no_aggr)
537 		sprintf(cpustr, "CPU%*d%s",
538 			csv_output ? 0 : -4,
539 			evsel_list->cpus->map[cpu], csv_sep);
540 
541 	fprintf(stderr, fmt, cpustr, msecs, csv_sep, event_name(evsel));
542 
543 	if (evsel->cgrp)
544 		fprintf(stderr, "%s%s", csv_sep, evsel->cgrp->name);
545 
546 	if (csv_output)
547 		return;
548 
549 	if (perf_evsel__match(evsel, SOFTWARE, SW_TASK_CLOCK))
550 		fprintf(stderr, " # %8.3f CPUs utilized          ", avg / avg_stats(&walltime_nsecs_stats));
551 }
552 
553 static void print_stalled_cycles_frontend(int cpu, struct perf_evsel *evsel __used, double avg)
554 {
555 	double total, ratio = 0.0;
556 	const char *color;
557 
558 	total = avg_stats(&runtime_cycles_stats[cpu]);
559 
560 	if (total)
561 		ratio = avg / total * 100.0;
562 
563 	color = PERF_COLOR_NORMAL;
564 	if (ratio > 50.0)
565 		color = PERF_COLOR_RED;
566 	else if (ratio > 30.0)
567 		color = PERF_COLOR_MAGENTA;
568 	else if (ratio > 10.0)
569 		color = PERF_COLOR_YELLOW;
570 
571 	fprintf(stderr, " #  ");
572 	color_fprintf(stderr, color, "%6.2f%%", ratio);
573 	fprintf(stderr, " frontend cycles idle   ");
574 }
575 
576 static void print_stalled_cycles_backend(int cpu, struct perf_evsel *evsel __used, double avg)
577 {
578 	double total, ratio = 0.0;
579 	const char *color;
580 
581 	total = avg_stats(&runtime_cycles_stats[cpu]);
582 
583 	if (total)
584 		ratio = avg / total * 100.0;
585 
586 	color = PERF_COLOR_NORMAL;
587 	if (ratio > 75.0)
588 		color = PERF_COLOR_RED;
589 	else if (ratio > 50.0)
590 		color = PERF_COLOR_MAGENTA;
591 	else if (ratio > 20.0)
592 		color = PERF_COLOR_YELLOW;
593 
594 	fprintf(stderr, " #  ");
595 	color_fprintf(stderr, color, "%6.2f%%", ratio);
596 	fprintf(stderr, " backend  cycles idle   ");
597 }
598 
599 static void print_branch_misses(int cpu, struct perf_evsel *evsel __used, double avg)
600 {
601 	double total, ratio = 0.0;
602 	const char *color;
603 
604 	total = avg_stats(&runtime_branches_stats[cpu]);
605 
606 	if (total)
607 		ratio = avg / total * 100.0;
608 
609 	color = PERF_COLOR_NORMAL;
610 	if (ratio > 20.0)
611 		color = PERF_COLOR_RED;
612 	else if (ratio > 10.0)
613 		color = PERF_COLOR_MAGENTA;
614 	else if (ratio > 5.0)
615 		color = PERF_COLOR_YELLOW;
616 
617 	fprintf(stderr, " #  ");
618 	color_fprintf(stderr, color, "%6.2f%%", ratio);
619 	fprintf(stderr, " of all branches        ");
620 }
621 
622 static void print_l1_dcache_misses(int cpu, struct perf_evsel *evsel __used, double avg)
623 {
624 	double total, ratio = 0.0;
625 	const char *color;
626 
627 	total = avg_stats(&runtime_l1_dcache_stats[cpu]);
628 
629 	if (total)
630 		ratio = avg / total * 100.0;
631 
632 	color = PERF_COLOR_NORMAL;
633 	if (ratio > 20.0)
634 		color = PERF_COLOR_RED;
635 	else if (ratio > 10.0)
636 		color = PERF_COLOR_MAGENTA;
637 	else if (ratio > 5.0)
638 		color = PERF_COLOR_YELLOW;
639 
640 	fprintf(stderr, " #  ");
641 	color_fprintf(stderr, color, "%6.2f%%", ratio);
642 	fprintf(stderr, " of all L1-dcache hits  ");
643 }
644 
645 static void print_l1_icache_misses(int cpu, struct perf_evsel *evsel __used, double avg)
646 {
647 	double total, ratio = 0.0;
648 	const char *color;
649 
650 	total = avg_stats(&runtime_l1_icache_stats[cpu]);
651 
652 	if (total)
653 		ratio = avg / total * 100.0;
654 
655 	color = PERF_COLOR_NORMAL;
656 	if (ratio > 20.0)
657 		color = PERF_COLOR_RED;
658 	else if (ratio > 10.0)
659 		color = PERF_COLOR_MAGENTA;
660 	else if (ratio > 5.0)
661 		color = PERF_COLOR_YELLOW;
662 
663 	fprintf(stderr, " #  ");
664 	color_fprintf(stderr, color, "%6.2f%%", ratio);
665 	fprintf(stderr, " of all L1-icache hits  ");
666 }
667 
668 static void print_dtlb_cache_misses(int cpu, struct perf_evsel *evsel __used, double avg)
669 {
670 	double total, ratio = 0.0;
671 	const char *color;
672 
673 	total = avg_stats(&runtime_dtlb_cache_stats[cpu]);
674 
675 	if (total)
676 		ratio = avg / total * 100.0;
677 
678 	color = PERF_COLOR_NORMAL;
679 	if (ratio > 20.0)
680 		color = PERF_COLOR_RED;
681 	else if (ratio > 10.0)
682 		color = PERF_COLOR_MAGENTA;
683 	else if (ratio > 5.0)
684 		color = PERF_COLOR_YELLOW;
685 
686 	fprintf(stderr, " #  ");
687 	color_fprintf(stderr, color, "%6.2f%%", ratio);
688 	fprintf(stderr, " of all dTLB cache hits ");
689 }
690 
691 static void print_itlb_cache_misses(int cpu, struct perf_evsel *evsel __used, double avg)
692 {
693 	double total, ratio = 0.0;
694 	const char *color;
695 
696 	total = avg_stats(&runtime_itlb_cache_stats[cpu]);
697 
698 	if (total)
699 		ratio = avg / total * 100.0;
700 
701 	color = PERF_COLOR_NORMAL;
702 	if (ratio > 20.0)
703 		color = PERF_COLOR_RED;
704 	else if (ratio > 10.0)
705 		color = PERF_COLOR_MAGENTA;
706 	else if (ratio > 5.0)
707 		color = PERF_COLOR_YELLOW;
708 
709 	fprintf(stderr, " #  ");
710 	color_fprintf(stderr, color, "%6.2f%%", ratio);
711 	fprintf(stderr, " of all iTLB cache hits ");
712 }
713 
714 static void print_ll_cache_misses(int cpu, struct perf_evsel *evsel __used, double avg)
715 {
716 	double total, ratio = 0.0;
717 	const char *color;
718 
719 	total = avg_stats(&runtime_ll_cache_stats[cpu]);
720 
721 	if (total)
722 		ratio = avg / total * 100.0;
723 
724 	color = PERF_COLOR_NORMAL;
725 	if (ratio > 20.0)
726 		color = PERF_COLOR_RED;
727 	else if (ratio > 10.0)
728 		color = PERF_COLOR_MAGENTA;
729 	else if (ratio > 5.0)
730 		color = PERF_COLOR_YELLOW;
731 
732 	fprintf(stderr, " #  ");
733 	color_fprintf(stderr, color, "%6.2f%%", ratio);
734 	fprintf(stderr, " of all LL-cache hits   ");
735 }
736 
737 static void abs_printout(int cpu, struct perf_evsel *evsel, double avg)
738 {
739 	double total, ratio = 0.0;
740 	char cpustr[16] = { '\0', };
741 	const char *fmt;
742 
743 	if (csv_output)
744 		fmt = "%s%.0f%s%s";
745 	else if (big_num)
746 		fmt = "%s%'18.0f%s%-25s";
747 	else
748 		fmt = "%s%18.0f%s%-25s";
749 
750 	if (no_aggr)
751 		sprintf(cpustr, "CPU%*d%s",
752 			csv_output ? 0 : -4,
753 			evsel_list->cpus->map[cpu], csv_sep);
754 	else
755 		cpu = 0;
756 
757 	fprintf(stderr, fmt, cpustr, avg, csv_sep, event_name(evsel));
758 
759 	if (evsel->cgrp)
760 		fprintf(stderr, "%s%s", csv_sep, evsel->cgrp->name);
761 
762 	if (csv_output)
763 		return;
764 
765 	if (perf_evsel__match(evsel, HARDWARE, HW_INSTRUCTIONS)) {
766 		total = avg_stats(&runtime_cycles_stats[cpu]);
767 
768 		if (total)
769 			ratio = avg / total;
770 
771 		fprintf(stderr, " #   %5.2f  insns per cycle        ", ratio);
772 
773 		total = avg_stats(&runtime_stalled_cycles_front_stats[cpu]);
774 		total = max(total, avg_stats(&runtime_stalled_cycles_back_stats[cpu]));
775 
776 		if (total && avg) {
777 			ratio = total / avg;
778 			fprintf(stderr, "\n                                             #   %5.2f  stalled cycles per insn", ratio);
779 		}
780 
781 	} else if (perf_evsel__match(evsel, HARDWARE, HW_BRANCH_MISSES) &&
782 			runtime_branches_stats[cpu].n != 0) {
783 		print_branch_misses(cpu, evsel, avg);
784 	} else if (
785 		evsel->attr.type == PERF_TYPE_HW_CACHE &&
786 		evsel->attr.config ==  ( PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_L1D |
787 					((PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_OP_READ) << 8) |
788 					((PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_RESULT_MISS) << 16)) &&
789 			runtime_l1_dcache_stats[cpu].n != 0) {
790 		print_l1_dcache_misses(cpu, evsel, avg);
791 	} else if (
792 		evsel->attr.type == PERF_TYPE_HW_CACHE &&
793 		evsel->attr.config ==  ( PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_L1I |
794 					((PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_OP_READ) << 8) |
795 					((PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_RESULT_MISS) << 16)) &&
796 			runtime_l1_icache_stats[cpu].n != 0) {
797 		print_l1_icache_misses(cpu, evsel, avg);
798 	} else if (
799 		evsel->attr.type == PERF_TYPE_HW_CACHE &&
800 		evsel->attr.config ==  ( PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_DTLB |
801 					((PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_OP_READ) << 8) |
802 					((PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_RESULT_MISS) << 16)) &&
803 			runtime_dtlb_cache_stats[cpu].n != 0) {
804 		print_dtlb_cache_misses(cpu, evsel, avg);
805 	} else if (
806 		evsel->attr.type == PERF_TYPE_HW_CACHE &&
807 		evsel->attr.config ==  ( PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_ITLB |
808 					((PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_OP_READ) << 8) |
809 					((PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_RESULT_MISS) << 16)) &&
810 			runtime_itlb_cache_stats[cpu].n != 0) {
811 		print_itlb_cache_misses(cpu, evsel, avg);
812 	} else if (
813 		evsel->attr.type == PERF_TYPE_HW_CACHE &&
814 		evsel->attr.config ==  ( PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_LL |
815 					((PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_OP_READ) << 8) |
816 					((PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_RESULT_MISS) << 16)) &&
817 			runtime_ll_cache_stats[cpu].n != 0) {
818 		print_ll_cache_misses(cpu, evsel, avg);
819 	} else if (perf_evsel__match(evsel, HARDWARE, HW_CACHE_MISSES) &&
820 			runtime_cacherefs_stats[cpu].n != 0) {
821 		total = avg_stats(&runtime_cacherefs_stats[cpu]);
822 
823 		if (total)
824 			ratio = avg * 100 / total;
825 
826 		fprintf(stderr, " # %8.3f %% of all cache refs    ", ratio);
827 
828 	} else if (perf_evsel__match(evsel, HARDWARE, HW_STALLED_CYCLES_FRONTEND)) {
829 		print_stalled_cycles_frontend(cpu, evsel, avg);
830 	} else if (perf_evsel__match(evsel, HARDWARE, HW_STALLED_CYCLES_BACKEND)) {
831 		print_stalled_cycles_backend(cpu, evsel, avg);
832 	} else if (perf_evsel__match(evsel, HARDWARE, HW_CPU_CYCLES)) {
833 		total = avg_stats(&runtime_nsecs_stats[cpu]);
834 
835 		if (total)
836 			ratio = 1.0 * avg / total;
837 
838 		fprintf(stderr, " # %8.3f GHz                    ", ratio);
839 	} else if (runtime_nsecs_stats[cpu].n != 0) {
840 		total = avg_stats(&runtime_nsecs_stats[cpu]);
841 
842 		if (total)
843 			ratio = 1000.0 * avg / total;
844 
845 		fprintf(stderr, " # %8.3f M/sec                  ", ratio);
846 	} else {
847 		fprintf(stderr, "                                   ");
848 	}
849 }
850 
851 /*
852  * Print out the results of a single counter:
853  * aggregated counts in system-wide mode
854  */
855 static void print_counter_aggr(struct perf_evsel *counter)
856 {
857 	struct perf_stat *ps = counter->priv;
858 	double avg = avg_stats(&ps->res_stats[0]);
859 	int scaled = counter->counts->scaled;
860 
861 	if (scaled == -1) {
862 		fprintf(stderr, "%*s%s%*s",
863 			csv_output ? 0 : 18,
864 			"<not counted>",
865 			csv_sep,
866 			csv_output ? 0 : -24,
867 			event_name(counter));
868 
869 		if (counter->cgrp)
870 			fprintf(stderr, "%s%s", csv_sep, counter->cgrp->name);
871 
872 		fputc('\n', stderr);
873 		return;
874 	}
875 
876 	if (nsec_counter(counter))
877 		nsec_printout(-1, counter, avg);
878 	else
879 		abs_printout(-1, counter, avg);
880 
881 	if (csv_output) {
882 		fputc('\n', stderr);
883 		return;
884 	}
885 
886 	print_noise(counter, avg);
887 
888 	if (scaled) {
889 		double avg_enabled, avg_running;
890 
891 		avg_enabled = avg_stats(&ps->res_stats[1]);
892 		avg_running = avg_stats(&ps->res_stats[2]);
893 
894 		fprintf(stderr, " [%5.2f%%]", 100 * avg_running / avg_enabled);
895 	}
896 	fprintf(stderr, "\n");
897 }
898 
899 /*
900  * Print out the results of a single counter:
901  * does not use aggregated count in system-wide
902  */
903 static void print_counter(struct perf_evsel *counter)
904 {
905 	u64 ena, run, val;
906 	int cpu;
907 
908 	for (cpu = 0; cpu < evsel_list->cpus->nr; cpu++) {
909 		val = counter->counts->cpu[cpu].val;
910 		ena = counter->counts->cpu[cpu].ena;
911 		run = counter->counts->cpu[cpu].run;
912 		if (run == 0 || ena == 0) {
913 			fprintf(stderr, "CPU%*d%s%*s%s%*s",
914 				csv_output ? 0 : -4,
915 				evsel_list->cpus->map[cpu], csv_sep,
916 				csv_output ? 0 : 18,
917 				"<not counted>", csv_sep,
918 				csv_output ? 0 : -24,
919 				event_name(counter));
920 
921 			if (counter->cgrp)
922 				fprintf(stderr, "%s%s", csv_sep, counter->cgrp->name);
923 
924 			fputc('\n', stderr);
925 			continue;
926 		}
927 
928 		if (nsec_counter(counter))
929 			nsec_printout(cpu, counter, val);
930 		else
931 			abs_printout(cpu, counter, val);
932 
933 		if (!csv_output) {
934 			print_noise(counter, 1.0);
935 
936 			if (run != ena)
937 				fprintf(stderr, "  (%.2f%%)", 100.0 * run / ena);
938 		}
939 		fputc('\n', stderr);
940 	}
941 }
942 
943 static void print_stat(int argc, const char **argv)
944 {
945 	struct perf_evsel *counter;
946 	int i;
947 
948 	fflush(stdout);
949 
950 	if (!csv_output) {
951 		fprintf(stderr, "\n");
952 		fprintf(stderr, " Performance counter stats for ");
953 		if(target_pid == -1 && target_tid == -1) {
954 			fprintf(stderr, "\'%s", argv[0]);
955 			for (i = 1; i < argc; i++)
956 				fprintf(stderr, " %s", argv[i]);
957 		} else if (target_pid != -1)
958 			fprintf(stderr, "process id \'%d", target_pid);
959 		else
960 			fprintf(stderr, "thread id \'%d", target_tid);
961 
962 		fprintf(stderr, "\'");
963 		if (run_count > 1)
964 			fprintf(stderr, " (%d runs)", run_count);
965 		fprintf(stderr, ":\n\n");
966 	}
967 
968 	if (no_aggr) {
969 		list_for_each_entry(counter, &evsel_list->entries, node)
970 			print_counter(counter);
971 	} else {
972 		list_for_each_entry(counter, &evsel_list->entries, node)
973 			print_counter_aggr(counter);
974 	}
975 
976 	if (!csv_output) {
977 		if (!null_run)
978 			fprintf(stderr, "\n");
979 		fprintf(stderr, " %17.9f seconds time elapsed",
980 				avg_stats(&walltime_nsecs_stats)/1e9);
981 		if (run_count > 1) {
982 			fprintf(stderr, "                                        ");
983 			print_noise_pct(stddev_stats(&walltime_nsecs_stats),
984 					avg_stats(&walltime_nsecs_stats));
985 		}
986 		fprintf(stderr, "\n\n");
987 	}
988 }
989 
990 static volatile int signr = -1;
991 
992 static void skip_signal(int signo)
993 {
994 	if(child_pid == -1)
995 		done = 1;
996 
997 	signr = signo;
998 }
999 
1000 static void sig_atexit(void)
1001 {
1002 	if (child_pid != -1)
1003 		kill(child_pid, SIGTERM);
1004 
1005 	if (signr == -1)
1006 		return;
1007 
1008 	signal(signr, SIG_DFL);
1009 	kill(getpid(), signr);
1010 }
1011 
1012 static const char * const stat_usage[] = {
1013 	"perf stat [<options>] [<command>]",
1014 	NULL
1015 };
1016 
1017 static int stat__set_big_num(const struct option *opt __used,
1018 			     const char *s __used, int unset)
1019 {
1020 	big_num_opt = unset ? 0 : 1;
1021 	return 0;
1022 }
1023 
1024 static const struct option options[] = {
1025 	OPT_CALLBACK('e', "event", &evsel_list, "event",
1026 		     "event selector. use 'perf list' to list available events",
1027 		     parse_events),
1028 	OPT_CALLBACK(0, "filter", &evsel_list, "filter",
1029 		     "event filter", parse_filter),
1030 	OPT_BOOLEAN('i', "no-inherit", &no_inherit,
1031 		    "child tasks do not inherit counters"),
1032 	OPT_INTEGER('p', "pid", &target_pid,
1033 		    "stat events on existing process id"),
1034 	OPT_INTEGER('t', "tid", &target_tid,
1035 		    "stat events on existing thread id"),
1036 	OPT_BOOLEAN('a', "all-cpus", &system_wide,
1037 		    "system-wide collection from all CPUs"),
1038 	OPT_BOOLEAN('c', "scale", &scale,
1039 		    "scale/normalize counters"),
1040 	OPT_INCR('v', "verbose", &verbose,
1041 		    "be more verbose (show counter open errors, etc)"),
1042 	OPT_INTEGER('r', "repeat", &run_count,
1043 		    "repeat command and print average + stddev (max: 100)"),
1044 	OPT_BOOLEAN('n', "null", &null_run,
1045 		    "null run - dont start any counters"),
1046 	OPT_INCR('d', "detailed", &detailed_run,
1047 		    "detailed run - start a lot of events"),
1048 	OPT_BOOLEAN('S', "sync", &sync_run,
1049 		    "call sync() before starting a run"),
1050 	OPT_CALLBACK_NOOPT('B', "big-num", NULL, NULL,
1051 			   "print large numbers with thousands\' separators",
1052 			   stat__set_big_num),
1053 	OPT_STRING('C', "cpu", &cpu_list, "cpu",
1054 		    "list of cpus to monitor in system-wide"),
1055 	OPT_BOOLEAN('A', "no-aggr", &no_aggr,
1056 		    "disable CPU count aggregation"),
1057 	OPT_STRING('x', "field-separator", &csv_sep, "separator",
1058 		   "print counts with custom separator"),
1059 	OPT_CALLBACK('G', "cgroup", &evsel_list, "name",
1060 		     "monitor event in cgroup name only",
1061 		     parse_cgroups),
1062 	OPT_END()
1063 };
1064 
1065 /*
1066  * Add default attributes, if there were no attributes specified or
1067  * if -d/--detailed, -d -d or -d -d -d is used:
1068  */
1069 static int add_default_attributes(void)
1070 {
1071 	struct perf_evsel *pos;
1072 	size_t attr_nr = 0;
1073 	size_t c;
1074 
1075 	/* Set attrs if no event is selected and !null_run: */
1076 	if (null_run)
1077 		return 0;
1078 
1079 	if (!evsel_list->nr_entries) {
1080 		for (c = 0; c < ARRAY_SIZE(default_attrs); c++) {
1081 			pos = perf_evsel__new(default_attrs + c, c + attr_nr);
1082 			if (pos == NULL)
1083 				return -1;
1084 			perf_evlist__add(evsel_list, pos);
1085 		}
1086 		attr_nr += c;
1087 	}
1088 
1089 	/* Detailed events get appended to the event list: */
1090 
1091 	if (detailed_run <  1)
1092 		return 0;
1093 
1094 	/* Append detailed run extra attributes: */
1095 	for (c = 0; c < ARRAY_SIZE(detailed_attrs); c++) {
1096 		pos = perf_evsel__new(detailed_attrs + c, c + attr_nr);
1097 		if (pos == NULL)
1098 			return -1;
1099 		perf_evlist__add(evsel_list, pos);
1100 	}
1101 	attr_nr += c;
1102 
1103 	if (detailed_run < 2)
1104 		return 0;
1105 
1106 	/* Append very detailed run extra attributes: */
1107 	for (c = 0; c < ARRAY_SIZE(very_detailed_attrs); c++) {
1108 		pos = perf_evsel__new(very_detailed_attrs + c, c + attr_nr);
1109 		if (pos == NULL)
1110 			return -1;
1111 		perf_evlist__add(evsel_list, pos);
1112 	}
1113 
1114 	if (detailed_run < 3)
1115 		return 0;
1116 
1117 	/* Append very, very detailed run extra attributes: */
1118 	for (c = 0; c < ARRAY_SIZE(very_very_detailed_attrs); c++) {
1119 		pos = perf_evsel__new(very_very_detailed_attrs + c, c + attr_nr);
1120 		if (pos == NULL)
1121 			return -1;
1122 		perf_evlist__add(evsel_list, pos);
1123 	}
1124 
1125 
1126 	return 0;
1127 }
1128 
1129 int cmd_stat(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix __used)
1130 {
1131 	struct perf_evsel *pos;
1132 	int status = -ENOMEM;
1133 
1134 	setlocale(LC_ALL, "");
1135 
1136 	evsel_list = perf_evlist__new(NULL, NULL);
1137 	if (evsel_list == NULL)
1138 		return -ENOMEM;
1139 
1140 	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, options, stat_usage,
1141 		PARSE_OPT_STOP_AT_NON_OPTION);
1142 
1143 	if (csv_sep)
1144 		csv_output = true;
1145 	else
1146 		csv_sep = DEFAULT_SEPARATOR;
1147 
1148 	/*
1149 	 * let the spreadsheet do the pretty-printing
1150 	 */
1151 	if (csv_output) {
1152 		/* User explicitely passed -B? */
1153 		if (big_num_opt == 1) {
1154 			fprintf(stderr, "-B option not supported with -x\n");
1155 			usage_with_options(stat_usage, options);
1156 		} else /* Nope, so disable big number formatting */
1157 			big_num = false;
1158 	} else if (big_num_opt == 0) /* User passed --no-big-num */
1159 		big_num = false;
1160 
1161 	if (!argc && target_pid == -1 && target_tid == -1)
1162 		usage_with_options(stat_usage, options);
1163 	if (run_count <= 0)
1164 		usage_with_options(stat_usage, options);
1165 
1166 	/* no_aggr, cgroup are for system-wide only */
1167 	if ((no_aggr || nr_cgroups) && !system_wide) {
1168 		fprintf(stderr, "both cgroup and no-aggregation "
1169 			"modes only available in system-wide mode\n");
1170 
1171 		usage_with_options(stat_usage, options);
1172 	}
1173 
1174 	if (add_default_attributes())
1175 		goto out;
1176 
1177 	if (target_pid != -1)
1178 		target_tid = target_pid;
1179 
1180 	evsel_list->threads = thread_map__new(target_pid, target_tid);
1181 	if (evsel_list->threads == NULL) {
1182 		pr_err("Problems finding threads of monitor\n");
1183 		usage_with_options(stat_usage, options);
1184 	}
1185 
1186 	if (system_wide)
1187 		evsel_list->cpus = cpu_map__new(cpu_list);
1188 	else
1189 		evsel_list->cpus = cpu_map__dummy_new();
1190 
1191 	if (evsel_list->cpus == NULL) {
1192 		perror("failed to parse CPUs map");
1193 		usage_with_options(stat_usage, options);
1194 		return -1;
1195 	}
1196 
1197 	list_for_each_entry(pos, &evsel_list->entries, node) {
1198 		if (perf_evsel__alloc_stat_priv(pos) < 0 ||
1199 		    perf_evsel__alloc_counts(pos, evsel_list->cpus->nr) < 0 ||
1200 		    perf_evsel__alloc_fd(pos, evsel_list->cpus->nr, evsel_list->threads->nr) < 0)
1201 			goto out_free_fd;
1202 	}
1203 
1204 	/*
1205 	 * We dont want to block the signals - that would cause
1206 	 * child tasks to inherit that and Ctrl-C would not work.
1207 	 * What we want is for Ctrl-C to work in the exec()-ed
1208 	 * task, but being ignored by perf stat itself:
1209 	 */
1210 	atexit(sig_atexit);
1211 	signal(SIGINT,  skip_signal);
1212 	signal(SIGALRM, skip_signal);
1213 	signal(SIGABRT, skip_signal);
1214 
1215 	status = 0;
1216 	for (run_idx = 0; run_idx < run_count; run_idx++) {
1217 		if (run_count != 1 && verbose)
1218 			fprintf(stderr, "[ perf stat: executing run #%d ... ]\n", run_idx + 1);
1219 
1220 		if (sync_run)
1221 			sync();
1222 
1223 		status = run_perf_stat(argc, argv);
1224 	}
1225 
1226 	if (status != -1)
1227 		print_stat(argc, argv);
1228 out_free_fd:
1229 	list_for_each_entry(pos, &evsel_list->entries, node)
1230 		perf_evsel__free_stat_priv(pos);
1231 	perf_evlist__delete_maps(evsel_list);
1232 out:
1233 	perf_evlist__delete(evsel_list);
1234 	return status;
1235 }
1236