xref: /linux/fs/fat/inode.c (revision 6e6d9ba0d1ea224a877826fc1cc0f42878b60384)
1 /*
2  *  linux/fs/fat/inode.c
3  *
4  *  Written 1992,1993 by Werner Almesberger
5  *  VFAT extensions by Gordon Chaffee, merged with msdos fs by Henrik Storner
6  *  Rewritten for the constant inumbers support by Al Viro
7  *
8  *  Fixes:
9  *
10  *	Max Cohan: Fixed invalid FSINFO offset when info_sector is 0
11  */
12 
13 #include <linux/module.h>
14 #include <linux/init.h>
15 #include <linux/time.h>
16 #include <linux/slab.h>
17 #include <linux/seq_file.h>
18 #include <linux/pagemap.h>
19 #include <linux/mpage.h>
20 #include <linux/buffer_head.h>
21 #include <linux/exportfs.h>
22 #include <linux/mount.h>
23 #include <linux/vfs.h>
24 #include <linux/parser.h>
25 #include <linux/uio.h>
26 #include <linux/writeback.h>
27 #include <linux/log2.h>
28 #include <linux/hash.h>
29 #include <linux/blkdev.h>
30 #include <asm/unaligned.h>
31 #include "fat.h"
32 
33 #ifndef CONFIG_FAT_DEFAULT_IOCHARSET
34 /* if user don't select VFAT, this is undefined. */
35 #define CONFIG_FAT_DEFAULT_IOCHARSET	""
36 #endif
37 
38 static int fat_default_codepage = CONFIG_FAT_DEFAULT_CODEPAGE;
39 static char fat_default_iocharset[] = CONFIG_FAT_DEFAULT_IOCHARSET;
40 
41 
42 static int fat_add_cluster(struct inode *inode)
43 {
44 	int err, cluster;
45 
46 	err = fat_alloc_clusters(inode, &cluster, 1);
47 	if (err)
48 		return err;
49 	/* FIXME: this cluster should be added after data of this
50 	 * cluster is writed */
51 	err = fat_chain_add(inode, cluster, 1);
52 	if (err)
53 		fat_free_clusters(inode, cluster);
54 	return err;
55 }
56 
57 static inline int __fat_get_block(struct inode *inode, sector_t iblock,
58 				  unsigned long *max_blocks,
59 				  struct buffer_head *bh_result, int create)
60 {
61 	struct super_block *sb = inode->i_sb;
62 	struct msdos_sb_info *sbi = MSDOS_SB(sb);
63 	unsigned long mapped_blocks;
64 	sector_t phys;
65 	int err, offset;
66 
67 	err = fat_bmap(inode, iblock, &phys, &mapped_blocks, create);
68 	if (err)
69 		return err;
70 	if (phys) {
71 		map_bh(bh_result, sb, phys);
72 		*max_blocks = min(mapped_blocks, *max_blocks);
73 		return 0;
74 	}
75 	if (!create)
76 		return 0;
77 
78 	if (iblock != MSDOS_I(inode)->mmu_private >> sb->s_blocksize_bits) {
79 		fat_fs_error(sb, "corrupted file size (i_pos %lld, %lld)",
80 			MSDOS_I(inode)->i_pos, MSDOS_I(inode)->mmu_private);
81 		return -EIO;
82 	}
83 
84 	offset = (unsigned long)iblock & (sbi->sec_per_clus - 1);
85 	if (!offset) {
86 		/* TODO: multiple cluster allocation would be desirable. */
87 		err = fat_add_cluster(inode);
88 		if (err)
89 			return err;
90 	}
91 	/* available blocks on this cluster */
92 	mapped_blocks = sbi->sec_per_clus - offset;
93 
94 	*max_blocks = min(mapped_blocks, *max_blocks);
95 	MSDOS_I(inode)->mmu_private += *max_blocks << sb->s_blocksize_bits;
96 
97 	err = fat_bmap(inode, iblock, &phys, &mapped_blocks, create);
98 	if (err)
99 		return err;
100 
101 	BUG_ON(!phys);
102 	BUG_ON(*max_blocks != mapped_blocks);
103 	set_buffer_new(bh_result);
104 	map_bh(bh_result, sb, phys);
105 
106 	return 0;
107 }
108 
109 static int fat_get_block(struct inode *inode, sector_t iblock,
110 			 struct buffer_head *bh_result, int create)
111 {
112 	struct super_block *sb = inode->i_sb;
113 	unsigned long max_blocks = bh_result->b_size >> inode->i_blkbits;
114 	int err;
115 
116 	err = __fat_get_block(inode, iblock, &max_blocks, bh_result, create);
117 	if (err)
118 		return err;
119 	bh_result->b_size = max_blocks << sb->s_blocksize_bits;
120 	return 0;
121 }
122 
123 static int fat_writepage(struct page *page, struct writeback_control *wbc)
124 {
125 	return block_write_full_page(page, fat_get_block, wbc);
126 }
127 
128 static int fat_writepages(struct address_space *mapping,
129 			  struct writeback_control *wbc)
130 {
131 	return mpage_writepages(mapping, wbc, fat_get_block);
132 }
133 
134 static int fat_readpage(struct file *file, struct page *page)
135 {
136 	return mpage_readpage(page, fat_get_block);
137 }
138 
139 static int fat_readpages(struct file *file, struct address_space *mapping,
140 			 struct list_head *pages, unsigned nr_pages)
141 {
142 	return mpage_readpages(mapping, pages, nr_pages, fat_get_block);
143 }
144 
145 static void fat_write_failed(struct address_space *mapping, loff_t to)
146 {
147 	struct inode *inode = mapping->host;
148 
149 	if (to > inode->i_size) {
150 		truncate_pagecache(inode, to, inode->i_size);
151 		fat_truncate_blocks(inode, inode->i_size);
152 	}
153 }
154 
155 static int fat_write_begin(struct file *file, struct address_space *mapping,
156 			loff_t pos, unsigned len, unsigned flags,
157 			struct page **pagep, void **fsdata)
158 {
159 	int err;
160 
161 	*pagep = NULL;
162 	err = cont_write_begin(file, mapping, pos, len, flags,
163 				pagep, fsdata, fat_get_block,
164 				&MSDOS_I(mapping->host)->mmu_private);
165 	if (err < 0)
166 		fat_write_failed(mapping, pos + len);
167 	return err;
168 }
169 
170 static int fat_write_end(struct file *file, struct address_space *mapping,
171 			loff_t pos, unsigned len, unsigned copied,
172 			struct page *pagep, void *fsdata)
173 {
174 	struct inode *inode = mapping->host;
175 	int err;
176 	err = generic_write_end(file, mapping, pos, len, copied, pagep, fsdata);
177 	if (err < len)
178 		fat_write_failed(mapping, pos + len);
179 	if (!(err < 0) && !(MSDOS_I(inode)->i_attrs & ATTR_ARCH)) {
180 		inode->i_mtime = inode->i_ctime = CURRENT_TIME_SEC;
181 		MSDOS_I(inode)->i_attrs |= ATTR_ARCH;
182 		mark_inode_dirty(inode);
183 	}
184 	return err;
185 }
186 
187 static ssize_t fat_direct_IO(int rw, struct kiocb *iocb,
188 			     const struct iovec *iov,
189 			     loff_t offset, unsigned long nr_segs)
190 {
191 	struct file *file = iocb->ki_filp;
192 	struct address_space *mapping = file->f_mapping;
193 	struct inode *inode = mapping->host;
194 	ssize_t ret;
195 
196 	if (rw == WRITE) {
197 		/*
198 		 * FIXME: blockdev_direct_IO() doesn't use ->write_begin(),
199 		 * so we need to update the ->mmu_private to block boundary.
200 		 *
201 		 * But we must fill the remaining area or hole by nul for
202 		 * updating ->mmu_private.
203 		 *
204 		 * Return 0, and fallback to normal buffered write.
205 		 */
206 		loff_t size = offset + iov_length(iov, nr_segs);
207 		if (MSDOS_I(inode)->mmu_private < size)
208 			return 0;
209 	}
210 
211 	/*
212 	 * FAT need to use the DIO_LOCKING for avoiding the race
213 	 * condition of fat_get_block() and ->truncate().
214 	 */
215 	ret = blockdev_direct_IO(rw, iocb, inode, iov, offset, nr_segs,
216 				 fat_get_block);
217 	if (ret < 0 && (rw & WRITE))
218 		fat_write_failed(mapping, offset + iov_length(iov, nr_segs));
219 
220 	return ret;
221 }
222 
223 static sector_t _fat_bmap(struct address_space *mapping, sector_t block)
224 {
225 	sector_t blocknr;
226 
227 	/* fat_get_cluster() assumes the requested blocknr isn't truncated. */
228 	down_read(&MSDOS_I(mapping->host)->truncate_lock);
229 	blocknr = generic_block_bmap(mapping, block, fat_get_block);
230 	up_read(&MSDOS_I(mapping->host)->truncate_lock);
231 
232 	return blocknr;
233 }
234 
235 static const struct address_space_operations fat_aops = {
236 	.readpage	= fat_readpage,
237 	.readpages	= fat_readpages,
238 	.writepage	= fat_writepage,
239 	.writepages	= fat_writepages,
240 	.write_begin	= fat_write_begin,
241 	.write_end	= fat_write_end,
242 	.direct_IO	= fat_direct_IO,
243 	.bmap		= _fat_bmap
244 };
245 
246 /*
247  * New FAT inode stuff. We do the following:
248  *	a) i_ino is constant and has nothing with on-disk location.
249  *	b) FAT manages its own cache of directory entries.
250  *	c) *This* cache is indexed by on-disk location.
251  *	d) inode has an associated directory entry, all right, but
252  *		it may be unhashed.
253  *	e) currently entries are stored within struct inode. That should
254  *		change.
255  *	f) we deal with races in the following way:
256  *		1. readdir() and lookup() do FAT-dir-cache lookup.
257  *		2. rename() unhashes the F-d-c entry and rehashes it in
258  *			a new place.
259  *		3. unlink() and rmdir() unhash F-d-c entry.
260  *		4. fat_write_inode() checks whether the thing is unhashed.
261  *			If it is we silently return. If it isn't we do bread(),
262  *			check if the location is still valid and retry if it
263  *			isn't. Otherwise we do changes.
264  *		5. Spinlock is used to protect hash/unhash/location check/lookup
265  *		6. fat_evict_inode() unhashes the F-d-c entry.
266  *		7. lookup() and readdir() do igrab() if they find a F-d-c entry
267  *			and consider negative result as cache miss.
268  */
269 
270 static void fat_hash_init(struct super_block *sb)
271 {
272 	struct msdos_sb_info *sbi = MSDOS_SB(sb);
273 	int i;
274 
275 	spin_lock_init(&sbi->inode_hash_lock);
276 	for (i = 0; i < FAT_HASH_SIZE; i++)
277 		INIT_HLIST_HEAD(&sbi->inode_hashtable[i]);
278 }
279 
280 static inline unsigned long fat_hash(loff_t i_pos)
281 {
282 	return hash_32(i_pos, FAT_HASH_BITS);
283 }
284 
285 static void dir_hash_init(struct super_block *sb)
286 {
287 	struct msdos_sb_info *sbi = MSDOS_SB(sb);
288 	int i;
289 
290 	spin_lock_init(&sbi->dir_hash_lock);
291 	for (i = 0; i < FAT_HASH_SIZE; i++)
292 		INIT_HLIST_HEAD(&sbi->dir_hashtable[i]);
293 }
294 
295 void fat_attach(struct inode *inode, loff_t i_pos)
296 {
297 	struct msdos_sb_info *sbi = MSDOS_SB(inode->i_sb);
298 
299 	if (inode->i_ino != MSDOS_ROOT_INO) {
300 		struct hlist_head *head =   sbi->inode_hashtable
301 					  + fat_hash(i_pos);
302 
303 		spin_lock(&sbi->inode_hash_lock);
304 		MSDOS_I(inode)->i_pos = i_pos;
305 		hlist_add_head(&MSDOS_I(inode)->i_fat_hash, head);
306 		spin_unlock(&sbi->inode_hash_lock);
307 	}
308 
309 	/* If NFS support is enabled, cache the mapping of start cluster
310 	 * to directory inode. This is used during reconnection of
311 	 * dentries to the filesystem root.
312 	 */
313 	if (S_ISDIR(inode->i_mode) && sbi->options.nfs) {
314 		struct hlist_head *d_head = sbi->dir_hashtable;
315 		d_head += fat_dir_hash(MSDOS_I(inode)->i_logstart);
316 
317 		spin_lock(&sbi->dir_hash_lock);
318 		hlist_add_head(&MSDOS_I(inode)->i_dir_hash, d_head);
319 		spin_unlock(&sbi->dir_hash_lock);
320 	}
321 }
322 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(fat_attach);
323 
324 void fat_detach(struct inode *inode)
325 {
326 	struct msdos_sb_info *sbi = MSDOS_SB(inode->i_sb);
327 	spin_lock(&sbi->inode_hash_lock);
328 	MSDOS_I(inode)->i_pos = 0;
329 	hlist_del_init(&MSDOS_I(inode)->i_fat_hash);
330 	spin_unlock(&sbi->inode_hash_lock);
331 
332 	if (S_ISDIR(inode->i_mode) && sbi->options.nfs) {
333 		spin_lock(&sbi->dir_hash_lock);
334 		hlist_del_init(&MSDOS_I(inode)->i_dir_hash);
335 		spin_unlock(&sbi->dir_hash_lock);
336 	}
337 }
338 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(fat_detach);
339 
340 struct inode *fat_iget(struct super_block *sb, loff_t i_pos)
341 {
342 	struct msdos_sb_info *sbi = MSDOS_SB(sb);
343 	struct hlist_head *head = sbi->inode_hashtable + fat_hash(i_pos);
344 	struct msdos_inode_info *i;
345 	struct inode *inode = NULL;
346 
347 	spin_lock(&sbi->inode_hash_lock);
348 	hlist_for_each_entry(i, head, i_fat_hash) {
349 		BUG_ON(i->vfs_inode.i_sb != sb);
350 		if (i->i_pos != i_pos)
351 			continue;
352 		inode = igrab(&i->vfs_inode);
353 		if (inode)
354 			break;
355 	}
356 	spin_unlock(&sbi->inode_hash_lock);
357 	return inode;
358 }
359 
360 static int is_exec(unsigned char *extension)
361 {
362 	unsigned char *exe_extensions = "EXECOMBAT", *walk;
363 
364 	for (walk = exe_extensions; *walk; walk += 3)
365 		if (!strncmp(extension, walk, 3))
366 			return 1;
367 	return 0;
368 }
369 
370 static int fat_calc_dir_size(struct inode *inode)
371 {
372 	struct msdos_sb_info *sbi = MSDOS_SB(inode->i_sb);
373 	int ret, fclus, dclus;
374 
375 	inode->i_size = 0;
376 	if (MSDOS_I(inode)->i_start == 0)
377 		return 0;
378 
379 	ret = fat_get_cluster(inode, FAT_ENT_EOF, &fclus, &dclus);
380 	if (ret < 0)
381 		return ret;
382 	inode->i_size = (fclus + 1) << sbi->cluster_bits;
383 
384 	return 0;
385 }
386 
387 /* doesn't deal with root inode */
388 static int fat_fill_inode(struct inode *inode, struct msdos_dir_entry *de)
389 {
390 	struct msdos_sb_info *sbi = MSDOS_SB(inode->i_sb);
391 	int error;
392 
393 	MSDOS_I(inode)->i_pos = 0;
394 	inode->i_uid = sbi->options.fs_uid;
395 	inode->i_gid = sbi->options.fs_gid;
396 	inode->i_version++;
397 	inode->i_generation = get_seconds();
398 
399 	if ((de->attr & ATTR_DIR) && !IS_FREE(de->name)) {
400 		inode->i_generation &= ~1;
401 		inode->i_mode = fat_make_mode(sbi, de->attr, S_IRWXUGO);
402 		inode->i_op = sbi->dir_ops;
403 		inode->i_fop = &fat_dir_operations;
404 
405 		MSDOS_I(inode)->i_start = fat_get_start(sbi, de);
406 		MSDOS_I(inode)->i_logstart = MSDOS_I(inode)->i_start;
407 		error = fat_calc_dir_size(inode);
408 		if (error < 0)
409 			return error;
410 		MSDOS_I(inode)->mmu_private = inode->i_size;
411 
412 		set_nlink(inode, fat_subdirs(inode));
413 	} else { /* not a directory */
414 		inode->i_generation |= 1;
415 		inode->i_mode = fat_make_mode(sbi, de->attr,
416 			((sbi->options.showexec && !is_exec(de->name + 8))
417 			 ? S_IRUGO|S_IWUGO : S_IRWXUGO));
418 		MSDOS_I(inode)->i_start = fat_get_start(sbi, de);
419 
420 		MSDOS_I(inode)->i_logstart = MSDOS_I(inode)->i_start;
421 		inode->i_size = le32_to_cpu(de->size);
422 		inode->i_op = &fat_file_inode_operations;
423 		inode->i_fop = &fat_file_operations;
424 		inode->i_mapping->a_ops = &fat_aops;
425 		MSDOS_I(inode)->mmu_private = inode->i_size;
426 	}
427 	if (de->attr & ATTR_SYS) {
428 		if (sbi->options.sys_immutable)
429 			inode->i_flags |= S_IMMUTABLE;
430 	}
431 	fat_save_attrs(inode, de->attr);
432 
433 	inode->i_blocks = ((inode->i_size + (sbi->cluster_size - 1))
434 			   & ~((loff_t)sbi->cluster_size - 1)) >> 9;
435 
436 	fat_time_fat2unix(sbi, &inode->i_mtime, de->time, de->date, 0);
437 	if (sbi->options.isvfat) {
438 		fat_time_fat2unix(sbi, &inode->i_ctime, de->ctime,
439 				  de->cdate, de->ctime_cs);
440 		fat_time_fat2unix(sbi, &inode->i_atime, 0, de->adate, 0);
441 	} else
442 		inode->i_ctime = inode->i_atime = inode->i_mtime;
443 
444 	return 0;
445 }
446 
447 struct inode *fat_build_inode(struct super_block *sb,
448 			struct msdos_dir_entry *de, loff_t i_pos)
449 {
450 	struct inode *inode;
451 	int err;
452 
453 	inode = fat_iget(sb, i_pos);
454 	if (inode)
455 		goto out;
456 	inode = new_inode(sb);
457 	if (!inode) {
458 		inode = ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
459 		goto out;
460 	}
461 	inode->i_ino = iunique(sb, MSDOS_ROOT_INO);
462 	inode->i_version = 1;
463 	err = fat_fill_inode(inode, de);
464 	if (err) {
465 		iput(inode);
466 		inode = ERR_PTR(err);
467 		goto out;
468 	}
469 	fat_attach(inode, i_pos);
470 	insert_inode_hash(inode);
471 out:
472 	return inode;
473 }
474 
475 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(fat_build_inode);
476 
477 static void fat_evict_inode(struct inode *inode)
478 {
479 	truncate_inode_pages(&inode->i_data, 0);
480 	if (!inode->i_nlink) {
481 		inode->i_size = 0;
482 		fat_truncate_blocks(inode, 0);
483 	}
484 	invalidate_inode_buffers(inode);
485 	clear_inode(inode);
486 	fat_cache_inval_inode(inode);
487 	fat_detach(inode);
488 }
489 
490 static void fat_set_state(struct super_block *sb,
491 			unsigned int set, unsigned int force)
492 {
493 	struct buffer_head *bh;
494 	struct fat_boot_sector *b;
495 	struct msdos_sb_info *sbi = sb->s_fs_info;
496 
497 	/* do not change any thing if mounted read only */
498 	if ((sb->s_flags & MS_RDONLY) && !force)
499 		return;
500 
501 	/* do not change state if fs was dirty */
502 	if (sbi->dirty) {
503 		/* warn only on set (mount). */
504 		if (set)
505 			fat_msg(sb, KERN_WARNING, "Volume was not properly "
506 				"unmounted. Some data may be corrupt. "
507 				"Please run fsck.");
508 		return;
509 	}
510 
511 	bh = sb_bread(sb, 0);
512 	if (bh == NULL) {
513 		fat_msg(sb, KERN_ERR, "unable to read boot sector "
514 			"to mark fs as dirty");
515 		return;
516 	}
517 
518 	b = (struct fat_boot_sector *) bh->b_data;
519 
520 	if (sbi->fat_bits == 32) {
521 		if (set)
522 			b->fat32.state |= FAT_STATE_DIRTY;
523 		else
524 			b->fat32.state &= ~FAT_STATE_DIRTY;
525 	} else /* fat 16 and 12 */ {
526 		if (set)
527 			b->fat16.state |= FAT_STATE_DIRTY;
528 		else
529 			b->fat16.state &= ~FAT_STATE_DIRTY;
530 	}
531 
532 	mark_buffer_dirty(bh);
533 	sync_dirty_buffer(bh);
534 	brelse(bh);
535 }
536 
537 static void fat_put_super(struct super_block *sb)
538 {
539 	struct msdos_sb_info *sbi = MSDOS_SB(sb);
540 
541 	fat_set_state(sb, 0, 0);
542 
543 	iput(sbi->fsinfo_inode);
544 	iput(sbi->fat_inode);
545 
546 	unload_nls(sbi->nls_disk);
547 	unload_nls(sbi->nls_io);
548 
549 	if (sbi->options.iocharset != fat_default_iocharset)
550 		kfree(sbi->options.iocharset);
551 
552 	sb->s_fs_info = NULL;
553 	kfree(sbi);
554 }
555 
556 static struct kmem_cache *fat_inode_cachep;
557 
558 static struct inode *fat_alloc_inode(struct super_block *sb)
559 {
560 	struct msdos_inode_info *ei;
561 	ei = kmem_cache_alloc(fat_inode_cachep, GFP_NOFS);
562 	if (!ei)
563 		return NULL;
564 
565 	init_rwsem(&ei->truncate_lock);
566 	return &ei->vfs_inode;
567 }
568 
569 static void fat_i_callback(struct rcu_head *head)
570 {
571 	struct inode *inode = container_of(head, struct inode, i_rcu);
572 	kmem_cache_free(fat_inode_cachep, MSDOS_I(inode));
573 }
574 
575 static void fat_destroy_inode(struct inode *inode)
576 {
577 	call_rcu(&inode->i_rcu, fat_i_callback);
578 }
579 
580 static void init_once(void *foo)
581 {
582 	struct msdos_inode_info *ei = (struct msdos_inode_info *)foo;
583 
584 	spin_lock_init(&ei->cache_lru_lock);
585 	ei->nr_caches = 0;
586 	ei->cache_valid_id = FAT_CACHE_VALID + 1;
587 	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&ei->cache_lru);
588 	INIT_HLIST_NODE(&ei->i_fat_hash);
589 	INIT_HLIST_NODE(&ei->i_dir_hash);
590 	inode_init_once(&ei->vfs_inode);
591 }
592 
593 static int __init fat_init_inodecache(void)
594 {
595 	fat_inode_cachep = kmem_cache_create("fat_inode_cache",
596 					     sizeof(struct msdos_inode_info),
597 					     0, (SLAB_RECLAIM_ACCOUNT|
598 						SLAB_MEM_SPREAD),
599 					     init_once);
600 	if (fat_inode_cachep == NULL)
601 		return -ENOMEM;
602 	return 0;
603 }
604 
605 static void __exit fat_destroy_inodecache(void)
606 {
607 	/*
608 	 * Make sure all delayed rcu free inodes are flushed before we
609 	 * destroy cache.
610 	 */
611 	rcu_barrier();
612 	kmem_cache_destroy(fat_inode_cachep);
613 }
614 
615 static int fat_remount(struct super_block *sb, int *flags, char *data)
616 {
617 	int new_rdonly;
618 	struct msdos_sb_info *sbi = MSDOS_SB(sb);
619 	*flags |= MS_NODIRATIME | (sbi->options.isvfat ? 0 : MS_NOATIME);
620 
621 	/* make sure we update state on remount. */
622 	new_rdonly = *flags & MS_RDONLY;
623 	if (new_rdonly != (sb->s_flags & MS_RDONLY)) {
624 		if (new_rdonly)
625 			fat_set_state(sb, 0, 0);
626 		else
627 			fat_set_state(sb, 1, 1);
628 	}
629 	return 0;
630 }
631 
632 static int fat_statfs(struct dentry *dentry, struct kstatfs *buf)
633 {
634 	struct super_block *sb = dentry->d_sb;
635 	struct msdos_sb_info *sbi = MSDOS_SB(sb);
636 	u64 id = huge_encode_dev(sb->s_bdev->bd_dev);
637 
638 	/* If the count of free cluster is still unknown, counts it here. */
639 	if (sbi->free_clusters == -1 || !sbi->free_clus_valid) {
640 		int err = fat_count_free_clusters(dentry->d_sb);
641 		if (err)
642 			return err;
643 	}
644 
645 	buf->f_type = dentry->d_sb->s_magic;
646 	buf->f_bsize = sbi->cluster_size;
647 	buf->f_blocks = sbi->max_cluster - FAT_START_ENT;
648 	buf->f_bfree = sbi->free_clusters;
649 	buf->f_bavail = sbi->free_clusters;
650 	buf->f_fsid.val[0] = (u32)id;
651 	buf->f_fsid.val[1] = (u32)(id >> 32);
652 	buf->f_namelen =
653 		(sbi->options.isvfat ? FAT_LFN_LEN : 12) * NLS_MAX_CHARSET_SIZE;
654 
655 	return 0;
656 }
657 
658 static inline loff_t fat_i_pos_read(struct msdos_sb_info *sbi,
659 				    struct inode *inode)
660 {
661 	loff_t i_pos;
662 #if BITS_PER_LONG == 32
663 	spin_lock(&sbi->inode_hash_lock);
664 #endif
665 	i_pos = MSDOS_I(inode)->i_pos;
666 #if BITS_PER_LONG == 32
667 	spin_unlock(&sbi->inode_hash_lock);
668 #endif
669 	return i_pos;
670 }
671 
672 static int __fat_write_inode(struct inode *inode, int wait)
673 {
674 	struct super_block *sb = inode->i_sb;
675 	struct msdos_sb_info *sbi = MSDOS_SB(sb);
676 	struct buffer_head *bh;
677 	struct msdos_dir_entry *raw_entry;
678 	loff_t i_pos;
679 	int err;
680 
681 	if (inode->i_ino == MSDOS_ROOT_INO)
682 		return 0;
683 
684 retry:
685 	i_pos = fat_i_pos_read(sbi, inode);
686 	if (!i_pos)
687 		return 0;
688 
689 	bh = sb_bread(sb, i_pos >> sbi->dir_per_block_bits);
690 	if (!bh) {
691 		fat_msg(sb, KERN_ERR, "unable to read inode block "
692 		       "for updating (i_pos %lld)", i_pos);
693 		return -EIO;
694 	}
695 	spin_lock(&sbi->inode_hash_lock);
696 	if (i_pos != MSDOS_I(inode)->i_pos) {
697 		spin_unlock(&sbi->inode_hash_lock);
698 		brelse(bh);
699 		goto retry;
700 	}
701 
702 	raw_entry = &((struct msdos_dir_entry *) (bh->b_data))
703 	    [i_pos & (sbi->dir_per_block - 1)];
704 	if (S_ISDIR(inode->i_mode))
705 		raw_entry->size = 0;
706 	else
707 		raw_entry->size = cpu_to_le32(inode->i_size);
708 	raw_entry->attr = fat_make_attrs(inode);
709 	fat_set_start(raw_entry, MSDOS_I(inode)->i_logstart);
710 	fat_time_unix2fat(sbi, &inode->i_mtime, &raw_entry->time,
711 			  &raw_entry->date, NULL);
712 	if (sbi->options.isvfat) {
713 		__le16 atime;
714 		fat_time_unix2fat(sbi, &inode->i_ctime, &raw_entry->ctime,
715 				  &raw_entry->cdate, &raw_entry->ctime_cs);
716 		fat_time_unix2fat(sbi, &inode->i_atime, &atime,
717 				  &raw_entry->adate, NULL);
718 	}
719 	spin_unlock(&sbi->inode_hash_lock);
720 	mark_buffer_dirty(bh);
721 	err = 0;
722 	if (wait)
723 		err = sync_dirty_buffer(bh);
724 	brelse(bh);
725 	return err;
726 }
727 
728 static int fat_write_inode(struct inode *inode, struct writeback_control *wbc)
729 {
730 	int err;
731 
732 	if (inode->i_ino == MSDOS_FSINFO_INO) {
733 		struct super_block *sb = inode->i_sb;
734 
735 		mutex_lock(&MSDOS_SB(sb)->s_lock);
736 		err = fat_clusters_flush(sb);
737 		mutex_unlock(&MSDOS_SB(sb)->s_lock);
738 	} else
739 		err = __fat_write_inode(inode, wbc->sync_mode == WB_SYNC_ALL);
740 
741 	return err;
742 }
743 
744 int fat_sync_inode(struct inode *inode)
745 {
746 	return __fat_write_inode(inode, 1);
747 }
748 
749 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(fat_sync_inode);
750 
751 static int fat_show_options(struct seq_file *m, struct dentry *root);
752 static const struct super_operations fat_sops = {
753 	.alloc_inode	= fat_alloc_inode,
754 	.destroy_inode	= fat_destroy_inode,
755 	.write_inode	= fat_write_inode,
756 	.evict_inode	= fat_evict_inode,
757 	.put_super	= fat_put_super,
758 	.statfs		= fat_statfs,
759 	.remount_fs	= fat_remount,
760 
761 	.show_options	= fat_show_options,
762 };
763 
764 static const struct export_operations fat_export_ops = {
765 	.fh_to_dentry	= fat_fh_to_dentry,
766 	.fh_to_parent	= fat_fh_to_parent,
767 	.get_parent	= fat_get_parent,
768 };
769 
770 static int fat_show_options(struct seq_file *m, struct dentry *root)
771 {
772 	struct msdos_sb_info *sbi = MSDOS_SB(root->d_sb);
773 	struct fat_mount_options *opts = &sbi->options;
774 	int isvfat = opts->isvfat;
775 
776 	if (!uid_eq(opts->fs_uid, GLOBAL_ROOT_UID))
777 		seq_printf(m, ",uid=%u",
778 				from_kuid_munged(&init_user_ns, opts->fs_uid));
779 	if (!gid_eq(opts->fs_gid, GLOBAL_ROOT_GID))
780 		seq_printf(m, ",gid=%u",
781 				from_kgid_munged(&init_user_ns, opts->fs_gid));
782 	seq_printf(m, ",fmask=%04o", opts->fs_fmask);
783 	seq_printf(m, ",dmask=%04o", opts->fs_dmask);
784 	if (opts->allow_utime)
785 		seq_printf(m, ",allow_utime=%04o", opts->allow_utime);
786 	if (sbi->nls_disk)
787 		/* strip "cp" prefix from displayed option */
788 		seq_printf(m, ",codepage=%s", &sbi->nls_disk->charset[2]);
789 	if (isvfat) {
790 		if (sbi->nls_io)
791 			seq_printf(m, ",iocharset=%s", sbi->nls_io->charset);
792 
793 		switch (opts->shortname) {
794 		case VFAT_SFN_DISPLAY_WIN95 | VFAT_SFN_CREATE_WIN95:
795 			seq_puts(m, ",shortname=win95");
796 			break;
797 		case VFAT_SFN_DISPLAY_WINNT | VFAT_SFN_CREATE_WINNT:
798 			seq_puts(m, ",shortname=winnt");
799 			break;
800 		case VFAT_SFN_DISPLAY_WINNT | VFAT_SFN_CREATE_WIN95:
801 			seq_puts(m, ",shortname=mixed");
802 			break;
803 		case VFAT_SFN_DISPLAY_LOWER | VFAT_SFN_CREATE_WIN95:
804 			seq_puts(m, ",shortname=lower");
805 			break;
806 		default:
807 			seq_puts(m, ",shortname=unknown");
808 			break;
809 		}
810 	}
811 	if (opts->name_check != 'n')
812 		seq_printf(m, ",check=%c", opts->name_check);
813 	if (opts->usefree)
814 		seq_puts(m, ",usefree");
815 	if (opts->quiet)
816 		seq_puts(m, ",quiet");
817 	if (opts->nfs)
818 		seq_puts(m, ",nfs");
819 	if (opts->showexec)
820 		seq_puts(m, ",showexec");
821 	if (opts->sys_immutable)
822 		seq_puts(m, ",sys_immutable");
823 	if (!isvfat) {
824 		if (opts->dotsOK)
825 			seq_puts(m, ",dotsOK=yes");
826 		if (opts->nocase)
827 			seq_puts(m, ",nocase");
828 	} else {
829 		if (opts->utf8)
830 			seq_puts(m, ",utf8");
831 		if (opts->unicode_xlate)
832 			seq_puts(m, ",uni_xlate");
833 		if (!opts->numtail)
834 			seq_puts(m, ",nonumtail");
835 		if (opts->rodir)
836 			seq_puts(m, ",rodir");
837 	}
838 	if (opts->flush)
839 		seq_puts(m, ",flush");
840 	if (opts->tz_set) {
841 		if (opts->time_offset)
842 			seq_printf(m, ",time_offset=%d", opts->time_offset);
843 		else
844 			seq_puts(m, ",tz=UTC");
845 	}
846 	if (opts->errors == FAT_ERRORS_CONT)
847 		seq_puts(m, ",errors=continue");
848 	else if (opts->errors == FAT_ERRORS_PANIC)
849 		seq_puts(m, ",errors=panic");
850 	else
851 		seq_puts(m, ",errors=remount-ro");
852 	if (opts->discard)
853 		seq_puts(m, ",discard");
854 
855 	return 0;
856 }
857 
858 enum {
859 	Opt_check_n, Opt_check_r, Opt_check_s, Opt_uid, Opt_gid,
860 	Opt_umask, Opt_dmask, Opt_fmask, Opt_allow_utime, Opt_codepage,
861 	Opt_usefree, Opt_nocase, Opt_quiet, Opt_showexec, Opt_debug,
862 	Opt_immutable, Opt_dots, Opt_nodots,
863 	Opt_charset, Opt_shortname_lower, Opt_shortname_win95,
864 	Opt_shortname_winnt, Opt_shortname_mixed, Opt_utf8_no, Opt_utf8_yes,
865 	Opt_uni_xl_no, Opt_uni_xl_yes, Opt_nonumtail_no, Opt_nonumtail_yes,
866 	Opt_obsolete, Opt_flush, Opt_tz_utc, Opt_rodir, Opt_err_cont,
867 	Opt_err_panic, Opt_err_ro, Opt_discard, Opt_nfs, Opt_time_offset,
868 	Opt_err,
869 };
870 
871 static const match_table_t fat_tokens = {
872 	{Opt_check_r, "check=relaxed"},
873 	{Opt_check_s, "check=strict"},
874 	{Opt_check_n, "check=normal"},
875 	{Opt_check_r, "check=r"},
876 	{Opt_check_s, "check=s"},
877 	{Opt_check_n, "check=n"},
878 	{Opt_uid, "uid=%u"},
879 	{Opt_gid, "gid=%u"},
880 	{Opt_umask, "umask=%o"},
881 	{Opt_dmask, "dmask=%o"},
882 	{Opt_fmask, "fmask=%o"},
883 	{Opt_allow_utime, "allow_utime=%o"},
884 	{Opt_codepage, "codepage=%u"},
885 	{Opt_usefree, "usefree"},
886 	{Opt_nocase, "nocase"},
887 	{Opt_quiet, "quiet"},
888 	{Opt_showexec, "showexec"},
889 	{Opt_debug, "debug"},
890 	{Opt_immutable, "sys_immutable"},
891 	{Opt_flush, "flush"},
892 	{Opt_tz_utc, "tz=UTC"},
893 	{Opt_time_offset, "time_offset=%d"},
894 	{Opt_err_cont, "errors=continue"},
895 	{Opt_err_panic, "errors=panic"},
896 	{Opt_err_ro, "errors=remount-ro"},
897 	{Opt_discard, "discard"},
898 	{Opt_nfs, "nfs"},
899 	{Opt_obsolete, "conv=binary"},
900 	{Opt_obsolete, "conv=text"},
901 	{Opt_obsolete, "conv=auto"},
902 	{Opt_obsolete, "conv=b"},
903 	{Opt_obsolete, "conv=t"},
904 	{Opt_obsolete, "conv=a"},
905 	{Opt_obsolete, "fat=%u"},
906 	{Opt_obsolete, "blocksize=%u"},
907 	{Opt_obsolete, "cvf_format=%20s"},
908 	{Opt_obsolete, "cvf_options=%100s"},
909 	{Opt_obsolete, "posix"},
910 	{Opt_err, NULL},
911 };
912 static const match_table_t msdos_tokens = {
913 	{Opt_nodots, "nodots"},
914 	{Opt_nodots, "dotsOK=no"},
915 	{Opt_dots, "dots"},
916 	{Opt_dots, "dotsOK=yes"},
917 	{Opt_err, NULL}
918 };
919 static const match_table_t vfat_tokens = {
920 	{Opt_charset, "iocharset=%s"},
921 	{Opt_shortname_lower, "shortname=lower"},
922 	{Opt_shortname_win95, "shortname=win95"},
923 	{Opt_shortname_winnt, "shortname=winnt"},
924 	{Opt_shortname_mixed, "shortname=mixed"},
925 	{Opt_utf8_no, "utf8=0"},		/* 0 or no or false */
926 	{Opt_utf8_no, "utf8=no"},
927 	{Opt_utf8_no, "utf8=false"},
928 	{Opt_utf8_yes, "utf8=1"},		/* empty or 1 or yes or true */
929 	{Opt_utf8_yes, "utf8=yes"},
930 	{Opt_utf8_yes, "utf8=true"},
931 	{Opt_utf8_yes, "utf8"},
932 	{Opt_uni_xl_no, "uni_xlate=0"},		/* 0 or no or false */
933 	{Opt_uni_xl_no, "uni_xlate=no"},
934 	{Opt_uni_xl_no, "uni_xlate=false"},
935 	{Opt_uni_xl_yes, "uni_xlate=1"},	/* empty or 1 or yes or true */
936 	{Opt_uni_xl_yes, "uni_xlate=yes"},
937 	{Opt_uni_xl_yes, "uni_xlate=true"},
938 	{Opt_uni_xl_yes, "uni_xlate"},
939 	{Opt_nonumtail_no, "nonumtail=0"},	/* 0 or no or false */
940 	{Opt_nonumtail_no, "nonumtail=no"},
941 	{Opt_nonumtail_no, "nonumtail=false"},
942 	{Opt_nonumtail_yes, "nonumtail=1"},	/* empty or 1 or yes or true */
943 	{Opt_nonumtail_yes, "nonumtail=yes"},
944 	{Opt_nonumtail_yes, "nonumtail=true"},
945 	{Opt_nonumtail_yes, "nonumtail"},
946 	{Opt_rodir, "rodir"},
947 	{Opt_err, NULL}
948 };
949 
950 static int parse_options(struct super_block *sb, char *options, int is_vfat,
951 			 int silent, int *debug, struct fat_mount_options *opts)
952 {
953 	char *p;
954 	substring_t args[MAX_OPT_ARGS];
955 	int option;
956 	char *iocharset;
957 
958 	opts->isvfat = is_vfat;
959 
960 	opts->fs_uid = current_uid();
961 	opts->fs_gid = current_gid();
962 	opts->fs_fmask = opts->fs_dmask = current_umask();
963 	opts->allow_utime = -1;
964 	opts->codepage = fat_default_codepage;
965 	opts->iocharset = fat_default_iocharset;
966 	if (is_vfat) {
967 		opts->shortname = VFAT_SFN_DISPLAY_WINNT|VFAT_SFN_CREATE_WIN95;
968 		opts->rodir = 0;
969 	} else {
970 		opts->shortname = 0;
971 		opts->rodir = 1;
972 	}
973 	opts->name_check = 'n';
974 	opts->quiet = opts->showexec = opts->sys_immutable = opts->dotsOK =  0;
975 	opts->utf8 = opts->unicode_xlate = 0;
976 	opts->numtail = 1;
977 	opts->usefree = opts->nocase = 0;
978 	opts->tz_set = 0;
979 	opts->nfs = 0;
980 	opts->errors = FAT_ERRORS_RO;
981 	*debug = 0;
982 
983 	if (!options)
984 		goto out;
985 
986 	while ((p = strsep(&options, ",")) != NULL) {
987 		int token;
988 		if (!*p)
989 			continue;
990 
991 		token = match_token(p, fat_tokens, args);
992 		if (token == Opt_err) {
993 			if (is_vfat)
994 				token = match_token(p, vfat_tokens, args);
995 			else
996 				token = match_token(p, msdos_tokens, args);
997 		}
998 		switch (token) {
999 		case Opt_check_s:
1000 			opts->name_check = 's';
1001 			break;
1002 		case Opt_check_r:
1003 			opts->name_check = 'r';
1004 			break;
1005 		case Opt_check_n:
1006 			opts->name_check = 'n';
1007 			break;
1008 		case Opt_usefree:
1009 			opts->usefree = 1;
1010 			break;
1011 		case Opt_nocase:
1012 			if (!is_vfat)
1013 				opts->nocase = 1;
1014 			else {
1015 				/* for backward compatibility */
1016 				opts->shortname = VFAT_SFN_DISPLAY_WIN95
1017 					| VFAT_SFN_CREATE_WIN95;
1018 			}
1019 			break;
1020 		case Opt_quiet:
1021 			opts->quiet = 1;
1022 			break;
1023 		case Opt_showexec:
1024 			opts->showexec = 1;
1025 			break;
1026 		case Opt_debug:
1027 			*debug = 1;
1028 			break;
1029 		case Opt_immutable:
1030 			opts->sys_immutable = 1;
1031 			break;
1032 		case Opt_uid:
1033 			if (match_int(&args[0], &option))
1034 				return -EINVAL;
1035 			opts->fs_uid = make_kuid(current_user_ns(), option);
1036 			if (!uid_valid(opts->fs_uid))
1037 				return -EINVAL;
1038 			break;
1039 		case Opt_gid:
1040 			if (match_int(&args[0], &option))
1041 				return -EINVAL;
1042 			opts->fs_gid = make_kgid(current_user_ns(), option);
1043 			if (!gid_valid(opts->fs_gid))
1044 				return -EINVAL;
1045 			break;
1046 		case Opt_umask:
1047 			if (match_octal(&args[0], &option))
1048 				return -EINVAL;
1049 			opts->fs_fmask = opts->fs_dmask = option;
1050 			break;
1051 		case Opt_dmask:
1052 			if (match_octal(&args[0], &option))
1053 				return -EINVAL;
1054 			opts->fs_dmask = option;
1055 			break;
1056 		case Opt_fmask:
1057 			if (match_octal(&args[0], &option))
1058 				return -EINVAL;
1059 			opts->fs_fmask = option;
1060 			break;
1061 		case Opt_allow_utime:
1062 			if (match_octal(&args[0], &option))
1063 				return -EINVAL;
1064 			opts->allow_utime = option & (S_IWGRP | S_IWOTH);
1065 			break;
1066 		case Opt_codepage:
1067 			if (match_int(&args[0], &option))
1068 				return -EINVAL;
1069 			opts->codepage = option;
1070 			break;
1071 		case Opt_flush:
1072 			opts->flush = 1;
1073 			break;
1074 		case Opt_time_offset:
1075 			if (match_int(&args[0], &option))
1076 				return -EINVAL;
1077 			if (option < -12 * 60 || option > 12 * 60)
1078 				return -EINVAL;
1079 			opts->tz_set = 1;
1080 			opts->time_offset = option;
1081 			break;
1082 		case Opt_tz_utc:
1083 			opts->tz_set = 1;
1084 			opts->time_offset = 0;
1085 			break;
1086 		case Opt_err_cont:
1087 			opts->errors = FAT_ERRORS_CONT;
1088 			break;
1089 		case Opt_err_panic:
1090 			opts->errors = FAT_ERRORS_PANIC;
1091 			break;
1092 		case Opt_err_ro:
1093 			opts->errors = FAT_ERRORS_RO;
1094 			break;
1095 
1096 		/* msdos specific */
1097 		case Opt_dots:
1098 			opts->dotsOK = 1;
1099 			break;
1100 		case Opt_nodots:
1101 			opts->dotsOK = 0;
1102 			break;
1103 
1104 		/* vfat specific */
1105 		case Opt_charset:
1106 			if (opts->iocharset != fat_default_iocharset)
1107 				kfree(opts->iocharset);
1108 			iocharset = match_strdup(&args[0]);
1109 			if (!iocharset)
1110 				return -ENOMEM;
1111 			opts->iocharset = iocharset;
1112 			break;
1113 		case Opt_shortname_lower:
1114 			opts->shortname = VFAT_SFN_DISPLAY_LOWER
1115 					| VFAT_SFN_CREATE_WIN95;
1116 			break;
1117 		case Opt_shortname_win95:
1118 			opts->shortname = VFAT_SFN_DISPLAY_WIN95
1119 					| VFAT_SFN_CREATE_WIN95;
1120 			break;
1121 		case Opt_shortname_winnt:
1122 			opts->shortname = VFAT_SFN_DISPLAY_WINNT
1123 					| VFAT_SFN_CREATE_WINNT;
1124 			break;
1125 		case Opt_shortname_mixed:
1126 			opts->shortname = VFAT_SFN_DISPLAY_WINNT
1127 					| VFAT_SFN_CREATE_WIN95;
1128 			break;
1129 		case Opt_utf8_no:		/* 0 or no or false */
1130 			opts->utf8 = 0;
1131 			break;
1132 		case Opt_utf8_yes:		/* empty or 1 or yes or true */
1133 			opts->utf8 = 1;
1134 			break;
1135 		case Opt_uni_xl_no:		/* 0 or no or false */
1136 			opts->unicode_xlate = 0;
1137 			break;
1138 		case Opt_uni_xl_yes:		/* empty or 1 or yes or true */
1139 			opts->unicode_xlate = 1;
1140 			break;
1141 		case Opt_nonumtail_no:		/* 0 or no or false */
1142 			opts->numtail = 1;	/* negated option */
1143 			break;
1144 		case Opt_nonumtail_yes:		/* empty or 1 or yes or true */
1145 			opts->numtail = 0;	/* negated option */
1146 			break;
1147 		case Opt_rodir:
1148 			opts->rodir = 1;
1149 			break;
1150 		case Opt_discard:
1151 			opts->discard = 1;
1152 			break;
1153 		case Opt_nfs:
1154 			opts->nfs = 1;
1155 			break;
1156 
1157 		/* obsolete mount options */
1158 		case Opt_obsolete:
1159 			fat_msg(sb, KERN_INFO, "\"%s\" option is obsolete, "
1160 			       "not supported now", p);
1161 			break;
1162 		/* unknown option */
1163 		default:
1164 			if (!silent) {
1165 				fat_msg(sb, KERN_ERR,
1166 				       "Unrecognized mount option \"%s\" "
1167 				       "or missing value", p);
1168 			}
1169 			return -EINVAL;
1170 		}
1171 	}
1172 
1173 out:
1174 	/* UTF-8 doesn't provide FAT semantics */
1175 	if (!strcmp(opts->iocharset, "utf8")) {
1176 		fat_msg(sb, KERN_WARNING, "utf8 is not a recommended IO charset"
1177 		       " for FAT filesystems, filesystem will be "
1178 		       "case sensitive!");
1179 	}
1180 
1181 	/* If user doesn't specify allow_utime, it's initialized from dmask. */
1182 	if (opts->allow_utime == (unsigned short)-1)
1183 		opts->allow_utime = ~opts->fs_dmask & (S_IWGRP | S_IWOTH);
1184 	if (opts->unicode_xlate)
1185 		opts->utf8 = 0;
1186 
1187 	return 0;
1188 }
1189 
1190 static int fat_read_root(struct inode *inode)
1191 {
1192 	struct super_block *sb = inode->i_sb;
1193 	struct msdos_sb_info *sbi = MSDOS_SB(sb);
1194 	int error;
1195 
1196 	MSDOS_I(inode)->i_pos = 0;
1197 	inode->i_uid = sbi->options.fs_uid;
1198 	inode->i_gid = sbi->options.fs_gid;
1199 	inode->i_version++;
1200 	inode->i_generation = 0;
1201 	inode->i_mode = fat_make_mode(sbi, ATTR_DIR, S_IRWXUGO);
1202 	inode->i_op = sbi->dir_ops;
1203 	inode->i_fop = &fat_dir_operations;
1204 	if (sbi->fat_bits == 32) {
1205 		MSDOS_I(inode)->i_start = sbi->root_cluster;
1206 		error = fat_calc_dir_size(inode);
1207 		if (error < 0)
1208 			return error;
1209 	} else {
1210 		MSDOS_I(inode)->i_start = 0;
1211 		inode->i_size = sbi->dir_entries * sizeof(struct msdos_dir_entry);
1212 	}
1213 	inode->i_blocks = ((inode->i_size + (sbi->cluster_size - 1))
1214 			   & ~((loff_t)sbi->cluster_size - 1)) >> 9;
1215 	MSDOS_I(inode)->i_logstart = 0;
1216 	MSDOS_I(inode)->mmu_private = inode->i_size;
1217 
1218 	fat_save_attrs(inode, ATTR_DIR);
1219 	inode->i_mtime.tv_sec = inode->i_atime.tv_sec = inode->i_ctime.tv_sec = 0;
1220 	inode->i_mtime.tv_nsec = inode->i_atime.tv_nsec = inode->i_ctime.tv_nsec = 0;
1221 	set_nlink(inode, fat_subdirs(inode)+2);
1222 
1223 	return 0;
1224 }
1225 
1226 /*
1227  * Read the super block of an MS-DOS FS.
1228  */
1229 int fat_fill_super(struct super_block *sb, void *data, int silent, int isvfat,
1230 		   void (*setup)(struct super_block *))
1231 {
1232 	struct inode *root_inode = NULL, *fat_inode = NULL;
1233 	struct inode *fsinfo_inode = NULL;
1234 	struct buffer_head *bh;
1235 	struct fat_boot_sector *b;
1236 	struct msdos_sb_info *sbi;
1237 	u16 logical_sector_size;
1238 	u32 total_sectors, total_clusters, fat_clusters, rootdir_sectors;
1239 	int debug;
1240 	unsigned int media;
1241 	long error;
1242 	char buf[50];
1243 
1244 	/*
1245 	 * GFP_KERNEL is ok here, because while we do hold the
1246 	 * supeblock lock, memory pressure can't call back into
1247 	 * the filesystem, since we're only just about to mount
1248 	 * it and have no inodes etc active!
1249 	 */
1250 	sbi = kzalloc(sizeof(struct msdos_sb_info), GFP_KERNEL);
1251 	if (!sbi)
1252 		return -ENOMEM;
1253 	sb->s_fs_info = sbi;
1254 
1255 	sb->s_flags |= MS_NODIRATIME;
1256 	sb->s_magic = MSDOS_SUPER_MAGIC;
1257 	sb->s_op = &fat_sops;
1258 	sb->s_export_op = &fat_export_ops;
1259 	ratelimit_state_init(&sbi->ratelimit, DEFAULT_RATELIMIT_INTERVAL,
1260 			     DEFAULT_RATELIMIT_BURST);
1261 
1262 	error = parse_options(sb, data, isvfat, silent, &debug, &sbi->options);
1263 	if (error)
1264 		goto out_fail;
1265 
1266 	setup(sb); /* flavour-specific stuff that needs options */
1267 
1268 	error = -EIO;
1269 	sb_min_blocksize(sb, 512);
1270 	bh = sb_bread(sb, 0);
1271 	if (bh == NULL) {
1272 		fat_msg(sb, KERN_ERR, "unable to read boot sector");
1273 		goto out_fail;
1274 	}
1275 
1276 	b = (struct fat_boot_sector *) bh->b_data;
1277 	if (!b->reserved) {
1278 		if (!silent)
1279 			fat_msg(sb, KERN_ERR, "bogus number of reserved sectors");
1280 		brelse(bh);
1281 		goto out_invalid;
1282 	}
1283 	if (!b->fats) {
1284 		if (!silent)
1285 			fat_msg(sb, KERN_ERR, "bogus number of FAT structure");
1286 		brelse(bh);
1287 		goto out_invalid;
1288 	}
1289 
1290 	/*
1291 	 * Earlier we checked here that b->secs_track and b->head are nonzero,
1292 	 * but it turns out valid FAT filesystems can have zero there.
1293 	 */
1294 
1295 	media = b->media;
1296 	if (!fat_valid_media(media)) {
1297 		if (!silent)
1298 			fat_msg(sb, KERN_ERR, "invalid media value (0x%02x)",
1299 			       media);
1300 		brelse(bh);
1301 		goto out_invalid;
1302 	}
1303 	logical_sector_size = get_unaligned_le16(&b->sector_size);
1304 	if (!is_power_of_2(logical_sector_size)
1305 	    || (logical_sector_size < 512)
1306 	    || (logical_sector_size > 4096)) {
1307 		if (!silent)
1308 			fat_msg(sb, KERN_ERR, "bogus logical sector size %u",
1309 			       logical_sector_size);
1310 		brelse(bh);
1311 		goto out_invalid;
1312 	}
1313 	sbi->sec_per_clus = b->sec_per_clus;
1314 	if (!is_power_of_2(sbi->sec_per_clus)) {
1315 		if (!silent)
1316 			fat_msg(sb, KERN_ERR, "bogus sectors per cluster %u",
1317 			       sbi->sec_per_clus);
1318 		brelse(bh);
1319 		goto out_invalid;
1320 	}
1321 
1322 	if (logical_sector_size < sb->s_blocksize) {
1323 		fat_msg(sb, KERN_ERR, "logical sector size too small for device"
1324 		       " (logical sector size = %u)", logical_sector_size);
1325 		brelse(bh);
1326 		goto out_fail;
1327 	}
1328 	if (logical_sector_size > sb->s_blocksize) {
1329 		brelse(bh);
1330 
1331 		if (!sb_set_blocksize(sb, logical_sector_size)) {
1332 			fat_msg(sb, KERN_ERR, "unable to set blocksize %u",
1333 			       logical_sector_size);
1334 			goto out_fail;
1335 		}
1336 		bh = sb_bread(sb, 0);
1337 		if (bh == NULL) {
1338 			fat_msg(sb, KERN_ERR, "unable to read boot sector"
1339 			       " (logical sector size = %lu)",
1340 			       sb->s_blocksize);
1341 			goto out_fail;
1342 		}
1343 		b = (struct fat_boot_sector *) bh->b_data;
1344 	}
1345 
1346 	mutex_init(&sbi->s_lock);
1347 	sbi->cluster_size = sb->s_blocksize * sbi->sec_per_clus;
1348 	sbi->cluster_bits = ffs(sbi->cluster_size) - 1;
1349 	sbi->fats = b->fats;
1350 	sbi->fat_bits = 0;		/* Don't know yet */
1351 	sbi->fat_start = le16_to_cpu(b->reserved);
1352 	sbi->fat_length = le16_to_cpu(b->fat_length);
1353 	sbi->root_cluster = 0;
1354 	sbi->free_clusters = -1;	/* Don't know yet */
1355 	sbi->free_clus_valid = 0;
1356 	sbi->prev_free = FAT_START_ENT;
1357 	sb->s_maxbytes = 0xffffffff;
1358 
1359 	if (!sbi->fat_length && b->fat32.length) {
1360 		struct fat_boot_fsinfo *fsinfo;
1361 		struct buffer_head *fsinfo_bh;
1362 
1363 		/* Must be FAT32 */
1364 		sbi->fat_bits = 32;
1365 		sbi->fat_length = le32_to_cpu(b->fat32.length);
1366 		sbi->root_cluster = le32_to_cpu(b->fat32.root_cluster);
1367 
1368 		/* MC - if info_sector is 0, don't multiply by 0 */
1369 		sbi->fsinfo_sector = le16_to_cpu(b->fat32.info_sector);
1370 		if (sbi->fsinfo_sector == 0)
1371 			sbi->fsinfo_sector = 1;
1372 
1373 		fsinfo_bh = sb_bread(sb, sbi->fsinfo_sector);
1374 		if (fsinfo_bh == NULL) {
1375 			fat_msg(sb, KERN_ERR, "bread failed, FSINFO block"
1376 			       " (sector = %lu)", sbi->fsinfo_sector);
1377 			brelse(bh);
1378 			goto out_fail;
1379 		}
1380 
1381 		fsinfo = (struct fat_boot_fsinfo *)fsinfo_bh->b_data;
1382 		if (!IS_FSINFO(fsinfo)) {
1383 			fat_msg(sb, KERN_WARNING, "Invalid FSINFO signature: "
1384 			       "0x%08x, 0x%08x (sector = %lu)",
1385 			       le32_to_cpu(fsinfo->signature1),
1386 			       le32_to_cpu(fsinfo->signature2),
1387 			       sbi->fsinfo_sector);
1388 		} else {
1389 			if (sbi->options.usefree)
1390 				sbi->free_clus_valid = 1;
1391 			sbi->free_clusters = le32_to_cpu(fsinfo->free_clusters);
1392 			sbi->prev_free = le32_to_cpu(fsinfo->next_cluster);
1393 		}
1394 
1395 		brelse(fsinfo_bh);
1396 	}
1397 
1398 	sbi->dir_per_block = sb->s_blocksize / sizeof(struct msdos_dir_entry);
1399 	sbi->dir_per_block_bits = ffs(sbi->dir_per_block) - 1;
1400 
1401 	sbi->dir_start = sbi->fat_start + sbi->fats * sbi->fat_length;
1402 	sbi->dir_entries = get_unaligned_le16(&b->dir_entries);
1403 	if (sbi->dir_entries & (sbi->dir_per_block - 1)) {
1404 		if (!silent)
1405 			fat_msg(sb, KERN_ERR, "bogus directory-entries per block"
1406 			       " (%u)", sbi->dir_entries);
1407 		brelse(bh);
1408 		goto out_invalid;
1409 	}
1410 
1411 	rootdir_sectors = sbi->dir_entries
1412 		* sizeof(struct msdos_dir_entry) / sb->s_blocksize;
1413 	sbi->data_start = sbi->dir_start + rootdir_sectors;
1414 	total_sectors = get_unaligned_le16(&b->sectors);
1415 	if (total_sectors == 0)
1416 		total_sectors = le32_to_cpu(b->total_sect);
1417 
1418 	total_clusters = (total_sectors - sbi->data_start) / sbi->sec_per_clus;
1419 
1420 	if (sbi->fat_bits != 32)
1421 		sbi->fat_bits = (total_clusters > MAX_FAT12) ? 16 : 12;
1422 
1423 	/* some OSes set FAT_STATE_DIRTY and clean it on unmount. */
1424 	if (sbi->fat_bits == 32)
1425 		sbi->dirty = b->fat32.state & FAT_STATE_DIRTY;
1426 	else /* fat 16 or 12 */
1427 		sbi->dirty = b->fat16.state & FAT_STATE_DIRTY;
1428 
1429 	/* check that FAT table does not overflow */
1430 	fat_clusters = sbi->fat_length * sb->s_blocksize * 8 / sbi->fat_bits;
1431 	total_clusters = min(total_clusters, fat_clusters - FAT_START_ENT);
1432 	if (total_clusters > MAX_FAT(sb)) {
1433 		if (!silent)
1434 			fat_msg(sb, KERN_ERR, "count of clusters too big (%u)",
1435 			       total_clusters);
1436 		brelse(bh);
1437 		goto out_invalid;
1438 	}
1439 
1440 	sbi->max_cluster = total_clusters + FAT_START_ENT;
1441 	/* check the free_clusters, it's not necessarily correct */
1442 	if (sbi->free_clusters != -1 && sbi->free_clusters > total_clusters)
1443 		sbi->free_clusters = -1;
1444 	/* check the prev_free, it's not necessarily correct */
1445 	sbi->prev_free %= sbi->max_cluster;
1446 	if (sbi->prev_free < FAT_START_ENT)
1447 		sbi->prev_free = FAT_START_ENT;
1448 
1449 	brelse(bh);
1450 
1451 	/* set up enough so that it can read an inode */
1452 	fat_hash_init(sb);
1453 	dir_hash_init(sb);
1454 	fat_ent_access_init(sb);
1455 
1456 	/*
1457 	 * The low byte of FAT's first entry must have same value with
1458 	 * media-field.  But in real world, too many devices is
1459 	 * writing wrong value.  So, removed that validity check.
1460 	 *
1461 	 * if (FAT_FIRST_ENT(sb, media) != first)
1462 	 */
1463 
1464 	error = -EINVAL;
1465 	sprintf(buf, "cp%d", sbi->options.codepage);
1466 	sbi->nls_disk = load_nls(buf);
1467 	if (!sbi->nls_disk) {
1468 		fat_msg(sb, KERN_ERR, "codepage %s not found", buf);
1469 		goto out_fail;
1470 	}
1471 
1472 	/* FIXME: utf8 is using iocharset for upper/lower conversion */
1473 	if (sbi->options.isvfat) {
1474 		sbi->nls_io = load_nls(sbi->options.iocharset);
1475 		if (!sbi->nls_io) {
1476 			fat_msg(sb, KERN_ERR, "IO charset %s not found",
1477 			       sbi->options.iocharset);
1478 			goto out_fail;
1479 		}
1480 	}
1481 
1482 	error = -ENOMEM;
1483 	fat_inode = new_inode(sb);
1484 	if (!fat_inode)
1485 		goto out_fail;
1486 	MSDOS_I(fat_inode)->i_pos = 0;
1487 	sbi->fat_inode = fat_inode;
1488 
1489 	fsinfo_inode = new_inode(sb);
1490 	if (!fsinfo_inode)
1491 		goto out_fail;
1492 	fsinfo_inode->i_ino = MSDOS_FSINFO_INO;
1493 	sbi->fsinfo_inode = fsinfo_inode;
1494 	insert_inode_hash(fsinfo_inode);
1495 
1496 	root_inode = new_inode(sb);
1497 	if (!root_inode)
1498 		goto out_fail;
1499 	root_inode->i_ino = MSDOS_ROOT_INO;
1500 	root_inode->i_version = 1;
1501 	error = fat_read_root(root_inode);
1502 	if (error < 0) {
1503 		iput(root_inode);
1504 		goto out_fail;
1505 	}
1506 	error = -ENOMEM;
1507 	insert_inode_hash(root_inode);
1508 	fat_attach(root_inode, 0);
1509 	sb->s_root = d_make_root(root_inode);
1510 	if (!sb->s_root) {
1511 		fat_msg(sb, KERN_ERR, "get root inode failed");
1512 		goto out_fail;
1513 	}
1514 
1515 	if (sbi->options.discard) {
1516 		struct request_queue *q = bdev_get_queue(sb->s_bdev);
1517 		if (!blk_queue_discard(q))
1518 			fat_msg(sb, KERN_WARNING,
1519 					"mounting with \"discard\" option, but "
1520 					"the device does not support discard");
1521 	}
1522 
1523 	fat_set_state(sb, 1, 0);
1524 	return 0;
1525 
1526 out_invalid:
1527 	error = -EINVAL;
1528 	if (!silent)
1529 		fat_msg(sb, KERN_INFO, "Can't find a valid FAT filesystem");
1530 
1531 out_fail:
1532 	if (fsinfo_inode)
1533 		iput(fsinfo_inode);
1534 	if (fat_inode)
1535 		iput(fat_inode);
1536 	unload_nls(sbi->nls_io);
1537 	unload_nls(sbi->nls_disk);
1538 	if (sbi->options.iocharset != fat_default_iocharset)
1539 		kfree(sbi->options.iocharset);
1540 	sb->s_fs_info = NULL;
1541 	kfree(sbi);
1542 	return error;
1543 }
1544 
1545 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(fat_fill_super);
1546 
1547 /*
1548  * helper function for fat_flush_inodes.  This writes both the inode
1549  * and the file data blocks, waiting for in flight data blocks before
1550  * the start of the call.  It does not wait for any io started
1551  * during the call
1552  */
1553 static int writeback_inode(struct inode *inode)
1554 {
1555 
1556 	int ret;
1557 
1558 	/* if we used wait=1, sync_inode_metadata waits for the io for the
1559 	* inode to finish.  So wait=0 is sent down to sync_inode_metadata
1560 	* and filemap_fdatawrite is used for the data blocks
1561 	*/
1562 	ret = sync_inode_metadata(inode, 0);
1563 	if (!ret)
1564 		ret = filemap_fdatawrite(inode->i_mapping);
1565 	return ret;
1566 }
1567 
1568 /*
1569  * write data and metadata corresponding to i1 and i2.  The io is
1570  * started but we do not wait for any of it to finish.
1571  *
1572  * filemap_flush is used for the block device, so if there is a dirty
1573  * page for a block already in flight, we will not wait and start the
1574  * io over again
1575  */
1576 int fat_flush_inodes(struct super_block *sb, struct inode *i1, struct inode *i2)
1577 {
1578 	int ret = 0;
1579 	if (!MSDOS_SB(sb)->options.flush)
1580 		return 0;
1581 	if (i1)
1582 		ret = writeback_inode(i1);
1583 	if (!ret && i2)
1584 		ret = writeback_inode(i2);
1585 	if (!ret) {
1586 		struct address_space *mapping = sb->s_bdev->bd_inode->i_mapping;
1587 		ret = filemap_flush(mapping);
1588 	}
1589 	return ret;
1590 }
1591 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(fat_flush_inodes);
1592 
1593 static int __init init_fat_fs(void)
1594 {
1595 	int err;
1596 
1597 	err = fat_cache_init();
1598 	if (err)
1599 		return err;
1600 
1601 	err = fat_init_inodecache();
1602 	if (err)
1603 		goto failed;
1604 
1605 	return 0;
1606 
1607 failed:
1608 	fat_cache_destroy();
1609 	return err;
1610 }
1611 
1612 static void __exit exit_fat_fs(void)
1613 {
1614 	fat_cache_destroy();
1615 	fat_destroy_inodecache();
1616 }
1617 
1618 module_init(init_fat_fs)
1619 module_exit(exit_fat_fs)
1620 
1621 MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
1622