xref: /linux/fs/fat/inode.c (revision 22d55f02b8922a097cd4be1e2f131dfa7ef65901)
1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
2 /*
3  *  linux/fs/fat/inode.c
4  *
5  *  Written 1992,1993 by Werner Almesberger
6  *  VFAT extensions by Gordon Chaffee, merged with msdos fs by Henrik Storner
7  *  Rewritten for the constant inumbers support by Al Viro
8  *
9  *  Fixes:
10  *
11  *	Max Cohan: Fixed invalid FSINFO offset when info_sector is 0
12  */
13 
14 #include <linux/module.h>
15 #include <linux/pagemap.h>
16 #include <linux/mpage.h>
17 #include <linux/vfs.h>
18 #include <linux/seq_file.h>
19 #include <linux/parser.h>
20 #include <linux/uio.h>
21 #include <linux/blkdev.h>
22 #include <linux/backing-dev.h>
23 #include <asm/unaligned.h>
24 #include <linux/iversion.h>
25 #include "fat.h"
26 
27 #ifndef CONFIG_FAT_DEFAULT_IOCHARSET
28 /* if user don't select VFAT, this is undefined. */
29 #define CONFIG_FAT_DEFAULT_IOCHARSET	""
30 #endif
31 
32 #define KB_IN_SECTORS 2
33 
34 /*
35  * A deserialized copy of the on-disk structure laid out in struct
36  * fat_boot_sector.
37  */
38 struct fat_bios_param_block {
39 	u16	fat_sector_size;
40 	u8	fat_sec_per_clus;
41 	u16	fat_reserved;
42 	u8	fat_fats;
43 	u16	fat_dir_entries;
44 	u16	fat_sectors;
45 	u16	fat_fat_length;
46 	u32	fat_total_sect;
47 
48 	u8	fat16_state;
49 	u32	fat16_vol_id;
50 
51 	u32	fat32_length;
52 	u32	fat32_root_cluster;
53 	u16	fat32_info_sector;
54 	u8	fat32_state;
55 	u32	fat32_vol_id;
56 };
57 
58 static int fat_default_codepage = CONFIG_FAT_DEFAULT_CODEPAGE;
59 static char fat_default_iocharset[] = CONFIG_FAT_DEFAULT_IOCHARSET;
60 
61 static struct fat_floppy_defaults {
62 	unsigned nr_sectors;
63 	unsigned sec_per_clus;
64 	unsigned dir_entries;
65 	unsigned media;
66 	unsigned fat_length;
67 } floppy_defaults[] = {
68 {
69 	.nr_sectors = 160 * KB_IN_SECTORS,
70 	.sec_per_clus = 1,
71 	.dir_entries = 64,
72 	.media = 0xFE,
73 	.fat_length = 1,
74 },
75 {
76 	.nr_sectors = 180 * KB_IN_SECTORS,
77 	.sec_per_clus = 1,
78 	.dir_entries = 64,
79 	.media = 0xFC,
80 	.fat_length = 2,
81 },
82 {
83 	.nr_sectors = 320 * KB_IN_SECTORS,
84 	.sec_per_clus = 2,
85 	.dir_entries = 112,
86 	.media = 0xFF,
87 	.fat_length = 1,
88 },
89 {
90 	.nr_sectors = 360 * KB_IN_SECTORS,
91 	.sec_per_clus = 2,
92 	.dir_entries = 112,
93 	.media = 0xFD,
94 	.fat_length = 2,
95 },
96 };
97 
98 int fat_add_cluster(struct inode *inode)
99 {
100 	int err, cluster;
101 
102 	err = fat_alloc_clusters(inode, &cluster, 1);
103 	if (err)
104 		return err;
105 	/* FIXME: this cluster should be added after data of this
106 	 * cluster is writed */
107 	err = fat_chain_add(inode, cluster, 1);
108 	if (err)
109 		fat_free_clusters(inode, cluster);
110 	return err;
111 }
112 
113 static inline int __fat_get_block(struct inode *inode, sector_t iblock,
114 				  unsigned long *max_blocks,
115 				  struct buffer_head *bh_result, int create)
116 {
117 	struct super_block *sb = inode->i_sb;
118 	struct msdos_sb_info *sbi = MSDOS_SB(sb);
119 	unsigned long mapped_blocks;
120 	sector_t phys, last_block;
121 	int err, offset;
122 
123 	err = fat_bmap(inode, iblock, &phys, &mapped_blocks, create, false);
124 	if (err)
125 		return err;
126 	if (phys) {
127 		map_bh(bh_result, sb, phys);
128 		*max_blocks = min(mapped_blocks, *max_blocks);
129 		return 0;
130 	}
131 	if (!create)
132 		return 0;
133 
134 	if (iblock != MSDOS_I(inode)->mmu_private >> sb->s_blocksize_bits) {
135 		fat_fs_error(sb, "corrupted file size (i_pos %lld, %lld)",
136 			MSDOS_I(inode)->i_pos, MSDOS_I(inode)->mmu_private);
137 		return -EIO;
138 	}
139 
140 	last_block = inode->i_blocks >> (sb->s_blocksize_bits - 9);
141 	offset = (unsigned long)iblock & (sbi->sec_per_clus - 1);
142 	/*
143 	 * allocate a cluster according to the following.
144 	 * 1) no more available blocks
145 	 * 2) not part of fallocate region
146 	 */
147 	if (!offset && !(iblock < last_block)) {
148 		/* TODO: multiple cluster allocation would be desirable. */
149 		err = fat_add_cluster(inode);
150 		if (err)
151 			return err;
152 	}
153 	/* available blocks on this cluster */
154 	mapped_blocks = sbi->sec_per_clus - offset;
155 
156 	*max_blocks = min(mapped_blocks, *max_blocks);
157 	MSDOS_I(inode)->mmu_private += *max_blocks << sb->s_blocksize_bits;
158 
159 	err = fat_bmap(inode, iblock, &phys, &mapped_blocks, create, false);
160 	if (err)
161 		return err;
162 	if (!phys) {
163 		fat_fs_error(sb,
164 			     "invalid FAT chain (i_pos %lld, last_block %llu)",
165 			     MSDOS_I(inode)->i_pos,
166 			     (unsigned long long)last_block);
167 		return -EIO;
168 	}
169 
170 	BUG_ON(*max_blocks != mapped_blocks);
171 	set_buffer_new(bh_result);
172 	map_bh(bh_result, sb, phys);
173 
174 	return 0;
175 }
176 
177 static int fat_get_block(struct inode *inode, sector_t iblock,
178 			 struct buffer_head *bh_result, int create)
179 {
180 	struct super_block *sb = inode->i_sb;
181 	unsigned long max_blocks = bh_result->b_size >> inode->i_blkbits;
182 	int err;
183 
184 	err = __fat_get_block(inode, iblock, &max_blocks, bh_result, create);
185 	if (err)
186 		return err;
187 	bh_result->b_size = max_blocks << sb->s_blocksize_bits;
188 	return 0;
189 }
190 
191 static int fat_writepage(struct page *page, struct writeback_control *wbc)
192 {
193 	return block_write_full_page(page, fat_get_block, wbc);
194 }
195 
196 static int fat_writepages(struct address_space *mapping,
197 			  struct writeback_control *wbc)
198 {
199 	return mpage_writepages(mapping, wbc, fat_get_block);
200 }
201 
202 static int fat_readpage(struct file *file, struct page *page)
203 {
204 	return mpage_readpage(page, fat_get_block);
205 }
206 
207 static int fat_readpages(struct file *file, struct address_space *mapping,
208 			 struct list_head *pages, unsigned nr_pages)
209 {
210 	return mpage_readpages(mapping, pages, nr_pages, fat_get_block);
211 }
212 
213 static void fat_write_failed(struct address_space *mapping, loff_t to)
214 {
215 	struct inode *inode = mapping->host;
216 
217 	if (to > inode->i_size) {
218 		truncate_pagecache(inode, inode->i_size);
219 		fat_truncate_blocks(inode, inode->i_size);
220 	}
221 }
222 
223 static int fat_write_begin(struct file *file, struct address_space *mapping,
224 			loff_t pos, unsigned len, unsigned flags,
225 			struct page **pagep, void **fsdata)
226 {
227 	int err;
228 
229 	*pagep = NULL;
230 	err = cont_write_begin(file, mapping, pos, len, flags,
231 				pagep, fsdata, fat_get_block,
232 				&MSDOS_I(mapping->host)->mmu_private);
233 	if (err < 0)
234 		fat_write_failed(mapping, pos + len);
235 	return err;
236 }
237 
238 static int fat_write_end(struct file *file, struct address_space *mapping,
239 			loff_t pos, unsigned len, unsigned copied,
240 			struct page *pagep, void *fsdata)
241 {
242 	struct inode *inode = mapping->host;
243 	int err;
244 	err = generic_write_end(file, mapping, pos, len, copied, pagep, fsdata);
245 	if (err < len)
246 		fat_write_failed(mapping, pos + len);
247 	if (!(err < 0) && !(MSDOS_I(inode)->i_attrs & ATTR_ARCH)) {
248 		fat_truncate_time(inode, NULL, S_CTIME|S_MTIME);
249 		MSDOS_I(inode)->i_attrs |= ATTR_ARCH;
250 		mark_inode_dirty(inode);
251 	}
252 	return err;
253 }
254 
255 static ssize_t fat_direct_IO(struct kiocb *iocb, struct iov_iter *iter)
256 {
257 	struct file *file = iocb->ki_filp;
258 	struct address_space *mapping = file->f_mapping;
259 	struct inode *inode = mapping->host;
260 	size_t count = iov_iter_count(iter);
261 	loff_t offset = iocb->ki_pos;
262 	ssize_t ret;
263 
264 	if (iov_iter_rw(iter) == WRITE) {
265 		/*
266 		 * FIXME: blockdev_direct_IO() doesn't use ->write_begin(),
267 		 * so we need to update the ->mmu_private to block boundary.
268 		 *
269 		 * But we must fill the remaining area or hole by nul for
270 		 * updating ->mmu_private.
271 		 *
272 		 * Return 0, and fallback to normal buffered write.
273 		 */
274 		loff_t size = offset + count;
275 		if (MSDOS_I(inode)->mmu_private < size)
276 			return 0;
277 	}
278 
279 	/*
280 	 * FAT need to use the DIO_LOCKING for avoiding the race
281 	 * condition of fat_get_block() and ->truncate().
282 	 */
283 	ret = blockdev_direct_IO(iocb, inode, iter, fat_get_block);
284 	if (ret < 0 && iov_iter_rw(iter) == WRITE)
285 		fat_write_failed(mapping, offset + count);
286 
287 	return ret;
288 }
289 
290 static int fat_get_block_bmap(struct inode *inode, sector_t iblock,
291 		struct buffer_head *bh_result, int create)
292 {
293 	struct super_block *sb = inode->i_sb;
294 	unsigned long max_blocks = bh_result->b_size >> inode->i_blkbits;
295 	int err;
296 	sector_t bmap;
297 	unsigned long mapped_blocks;
298 
299 	BUG_ON(create != 0);
300 
301 	err = fat_bmap(inode, iblock, &bmap, &mapped_blocks, create, true);
302 	if (err)
303 		return err;
304 
305 	if (bmap) {
306 		map_bh(bh_result, sb, bmap);
307 		max_blocks = min(mapped_blocks, max_blocks);
308 	}
309 
310 	bh_result->b_size = max_blocks << sb->s_blocksize_bits;
311 
312 	return 0;
313 }
314 
315 static sector_t _fat_bmap(struct address_space *mapping, sector_t block)
316 {
317 	sector_t blocknr;
318 
319 	/* fat_get_cluster() assumes the requested blocknr isn't truncated. */
320 	down_read(&MSDOS_I(mapping->host)->truncate_lock);
321 	blocknr = generic_block_bmap(mapping, block, fat_get_block_bmap);
322 	up_read(&MSDOS_I(mapping->host)->truncate_lock);
323 
324 	return blocknr;
325 }
326 
327 /*
328  * fat_block_truncate_page() zeroes out a mapping from file offset `from'
329  * up to the end of the block which corresponds to `from'.
330  * This is required during truncate to physically zeroout the tail end
331  * of that block so it doesn't yield old data if the file is later grown.
332  * Also, avoid causing failure from fsx for cases of "data past EOF"
333  */
334 int fat_block_truncate_page(struct inode *inode, loff_t from)
335 {
336 	return block_truncate_page(inode->i_mapping, from, fat_get_block);
337 }
338 
339 static const struct address_space_operations fat_aops = {
340 	.readpage	= fat_readpage,
341 	.readpages	= fat_readpages,
342 	.writepage	= fat_writepage,
343 	.writepages	= fat_writepages,
344 	.write_begin	= fat_write_begin,
345 	.write_end	= fat_write_end,
346 	.direct_IO	= fat_direct_IO,
347 	.bmap		= _fat_bmap
348 };
349 
350 /*
351  * New FAT inode stuff. We do the following:
352  *	a) i_ino is constant and has nothing with on-disk location.
353  *	b) FAT manages its own cache of directory entries.
354  *	c) *This* cache is indexed by on-disk location.
355  *	d) inode has an associated directory entry, all right, but
356  *		it may be unhashed.
357  *	e) currently entries are stored within struct inode. That should
358  *		change.
359  *	f) we deal with races in the following way:
360  *		1. readdir() and lookup() do FAT-dir-cache lookup.
361  *		2. rename() unhashes the F-d-c entry and rehashes it in
362  *			a new place.
363  *		3. unlink() and rmdir() unhash F-d-c entry.
364  *		4. fat_write_inode() checks whether the thing is unhashed.
365  *			If it is we silently return. If it isn't we do bread(),
366  *			check if the location is still valid and retry if it
367  *			isn't. Otherwise we do changes.
368  *		5. Spinlock is used to protect hash/unhash/location check/lookup
369  *		6. fat_evict_inode() unhashes the F-d-c entry.
370  *		7. lookup() and readdir() do igrab() if they find a F-d-c entry
371  *			and consider negative result as cache miss.
372  */
373 
374 static void fat_hash_init(struct super_block *sb)
375 {
376 	struct msdos_sb_info *sbi = MSDOS_SB(sb);
377 	int i;
378 
379 	spin_lock_init(&sbi->inode_hash_lock);
380 	for (i = 0; i < FAT_HASH_SIZE; i++)
381 		INIT_HLIST_HEAD(&sbi->inode_hashtable[i]);
382 }
383 
384 static inline unsigned long fat_hash(loff_t i_pos)
385 {
386 	return hash_32(i_pos, FAT_HASH_BITS);
387 }
388 
389 static void dir_hash_init(struct super_block *sb)
390 {
391 	struct msdos_sb_info *sbi = MSDOS_SB(sb);
392 	int i;
393 
394 	spin_lock_init(&sbi->dir_hash_lock);
395 	for (i = 0; i < FAT_HASH_SIZE; i++)
396 		INIT_HLIST_HEAD(&sbi->dir_hashtable[i]);
397 }
398 
399 void fat_attach(struct inode *inode, loff_t i_pos)
400 {
401 	struct msdos_sb_info *sbi = MSDOS_SB(inode->i_sb);
402 
403 	if (inode->i_ino != MSDOS_ROOT_INO) {
404 		struct hlist_head *head =   sbi->inode_hashtable
405 					  + fat_hash(i_pos);
406 
407 		spin_lock(&sbi->inode_hash_lock);
408 		MSDOS_I(inode)->i_pos = i_pos;
409 		hlist_add_head(&MSDOS_I(inode)->i_fat_hash, head);
410 		spin_unlock(&sbi->inode_hash_lock);
411 	}
412 
413 	/* If NFS support is enabled, cache the mapping of start cluster
414 	 * to directory inode. This is used during reconnection of
415 	 * dentries to the filesystem root.
416 	 */
417 	if (S_ISDIR(inode->i_mode) && sbi->options.nfs) {
418 		struct hlist_head *d_head = sbi->dir_hashtable;
419 		d_head += fat_dir_hash(MSDOS_I(inode)->i_logstart);
420 
421 		spin_lock(&sbi->dir_hash_lock);
422 		hlist_add_head(&MSDOS_I(inode)->i_dir_hash, d_head);
423 		spin_unlock(&sbi->dir_hash_lock);
424 	}
425 }
426 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(fat_attach);
427 
428 void fat_detach(struct inode *inode)
429 {
430 	struct msdos_sb_info *sbi = MSDOS_SB(inode->i_sb);
431 	spin_lock(&sbi->inode_hash_lock);
432 	MSDOS_I(inode)->i_pos = 0;
433 	hlist_del_init(&MSDOS_I(inode)->i_fat_hash);
434 	spin_unlock(&sbi->inode_hash_lock);
435 
436 	if (S_ISDIR(inode->i_mode) && sbi->options.nfs) {
437 		spin_lock(&sbi->dir_hash_lock);
438 		hlist_del_init(&MSDOS_I(inode)->i_dir_hash);
439 		spin_unlock(&sbi->dir_hash_lock);
440 	}
441 }
442 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(fat_detach);
443 
444 struct inode *fat_iget(struct super_block *sb, loff_t i_pos)
445 {
446 	struct msdos_sb_info *sbi = MSDOS_SB(sb);
447 	struct hlist_head *head = sbi->inode_hashtable + fat_hash(i_pos);
448 	struct msdos_inode_info *i;
449 	struct inode *inode = NULL;
450 
451 	spin_lock(&sbi->inode_hash_lock);
452 	hlist_for_each_entry(i, head, i_fat_hash) {
453 		BUG_ON(i->vfs_inode.i_sb != sb);
454 		if (i->i_pos != i_pos)
455 			continue;
456 		inode = igrab(&i->vfs_inode);
457 		if (inode)
458 			break;
459 	}
460 	spin_unlock(&sbi->inode_hash_lock);
461 	return inode;
462 }
463 
464 static int is_exec(unsigned char *extension)
465 {
466 	unsigned char exe_extensions[] = "EXECOMBAT", *walk;
467 
468 	for (walk = exe_extensions; *walk; walk += 3)
469 		if (!strncmp(extension, walk, 3))
470 			return 1;
471 	return 0;
472 }
473 
474 static int fat_calc_dir_size(struct inode *inode)
475 {
476 	struct msdos_sb_info *sbi = MSDOS_SB(inode->i_sb);
477 	int ret, fclus, dclus;
478 
479 	inode->i_size = 0;
480 	if (MSDOS_I(inode)->i_start == 0)
481 		return 0;
482 
483 	ret = fat_get_cluster(inode, FAT_ENT_EOF, &fclus, &dclus);
484 	if (ret < 0)
485 		return ret;
486 	inode->i_size = (fclus + 1) << sbi->cluster_bits;
487 
488 	return 0;
489 }
490 
491 static int fat_validate_dir(struct inode *dir)
492 {
493 	struct super_block *sb = dir->i_sb;
494 
495 	if (dir->i_nlink < 2) {
496 		/* Directory should have "."/".." entries at least. */
497 		fat_fs_error(sb, "corrupted directory (invalid entries)");
498 		return -EIO;
499 	}
500 	if (MSDOS_I(dir)->i_start == 0 ||
501 	    MSDOS_I(dir)->i_start == MSDOS_SB(sb)->root_cluster) {
502 		/* Directory should point valid cluster. */
503 		fat_fs_error(sb, "corrupted directory (invalid i_start)");
504 		return -EIO;
505 	}
506 	return 0;
507 }
508 
509 /* doesn't deal with root inode */
510 int fat_fill_inode(struct inode *inode, struct msdos_dir_entry *de)
511 {
512 	struct msdos_sb_info *sbi = MSDOS_SB(inode->i_sb);
513 	int error;
514 
515 	MSDOS_I(inode)->i_pos = 0;
516 	inode->i_uid = sbi->options.fs_uid;
517 	inode->i_gid = sbi->options.fs_gid;
518 	inode_inc_iversion(inode);
519 	inode->i_generation = get_seconds();
520 
521 	if ((de->attr & ATTR_DIR) && !IS_FREE(de->name)) {
522 		inode->i_generation &= ~1;
523 		inode->i_mode = fat_make_mode(sbi, de->attr, S_IRWXUGO);
524 		inode->i_op = sbi->dir_ops;
525 		inode->i_fop = &fat_dir_operations;
526 
527 		MSDOS_I(inode)->i_start = fat_get_start(sbi, de);
528 		MSDOS_I(inode)->i_logstart = MSDOS_I(inode)->i_start;
529 		error = fat_calc_dir_size(inode);
530 		if (error < 0)
531 			return error;
532 		MSDOS_I(inode)->mmu_private = inode->i_size;
533 
534 		set_nlink(inode, fat_subdirs(inode));
535 
536 		error = fat_validate_dir(inode);
537 		if (error < 0)
538 			return error;
539 	} else { /* not a directory */
540 		inode->i_generation |= 1;
541 		inode->i_mode = fat_make_mode(sbi, de->attr,
542 			((sbi->options.showexec && !is_exec(de->name + 8))
543 			 ? S_IRUGO|S_IWUGO : S_IRWXUGO));
544 		MSDOS_I(inode)->i_start = fat_get_start(sbi, de);
545 
546 		MSDOS_I(inode)->i_logstart = MSDOS_I(inode)->i_start;
547 		inode->i_size = le32_to_cpu(de->size);
548 		inode->i_op = &fat_file_inode_operations;
549 		inode->i_fop = &fat_file_operations;
550 		inode->i_mapping->a_ops = &fat_aops;
551 		MSDOS_I(inode)->mmu_private = inode->i_size;
552 	}
553 	if (de->attr & ATTR_SYS) {
554 		if (sbi->options.sys_immutable)
555 			inode->i_flags |= S_IMMUTABLE;
556 	}
557 	fat_save_attrs(inode, de->attr);
558 
559 	inode->i_blocks = ((inode->i_size + (sbi->cluster_size - 1))
560 			   & ~((loff_t)sbi->cluster_size - 1)) >> 9;
561 
562 	fat_time_fat2unix(sbi, &inode->i_mtime, de->time, de->date, 0);
563 	if (sbi->options.isvfat) {
564 		fat_time_fat2unix(sbi, &inode->i_ctime, de->ctime,
565 				  de->cdate, de->ctime_cs);
566 		fat_time_fat2unix(sbi, &inode->i_atime, 0, de->adate, 0);
567 	} else
568 		fat_truncate_time(inode, &inode->i_mtime, S_ATIME|S_CTIME);
569 
570 	return 0;
571 }
572 
573 static inline void fat_lock_build_inode(struct msdos_sb_info *sbi)
574 {
575 	if (sbi->options.nfs == FAT_NFS_NOSTALE_RO)
576 		mutex_lock(&sbi->nfs_build_inode_lock);
577 }
578 
579 static inline void fat_unlock_build_inode(struct msdos_sb_info *sbi)
580 {
581 	if (sbi->options.nfs == FAT_NFS_NOSTALE_RO)
582 		mutex_unlock(&sbi->nfs_build_inode_lock);
583 }
584 
585 struct inode *fat_build_inode(struct super_block *sb,
586 			struct msdos_dir_entry *de, loff_t i_pos)
587 {
588 	struct inode *inode;
589 	int err;
590 
591 	fat_lock_build_inode(MSDOS_SB(sb));
592 	inode = fat_iget(sb, i_pos);
593 	if (inode)
594 		goto out;
595 	inode = new_inode(sb);
596 	if (!inode) {
597 		inode = ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
598 		goto out;
599 	}
600 	inode->i_ino = iunique(sb, MSDOS_ROOT_INO);
601 	inode_set_iversion(inode, 1);
602 	err = fat_fill_inode(inode, de);
603 	if (err) {
604 		iput(inode);
605 		inode = ERR_PTR(err);
606 		goto out;
607 	}
608 	fat_attach(inode, i_pos);
609 	insert_inode_hash(inode);
610 out:
611 	fat_unlock_build_inode(MSDOS_SB(sb));
612 	return inode;
613 }
614 
615 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(fat_build_inode);
616 
617 static int __fat_write_inode(struct inode *inode, int wait);
618 
619 static void fat_free_eofblocks(struct inode *inode)
620 {
621 	/* Release unwritten fallocated blocks on inode eviction. */
622 	if ((inode->i_blocks << 9) >
623 			round_up(MSDOS_I(inode)->mmu_private,
624 				MSDOS_SB(inode->i_sb)->cluster_size)) {
625 		int err;
626 
627 		fat_truncate_blocks(inode, MSDOS_I(inode)->mmu_private);
628 		/* Fallocate results in updating the i_start/iogstart
629 		 * for the zero byte file. So, make it return to
630 		 * original state during evict and commit it to avoid
631 		 * any corruption on the next access to the cluster
632 		 * chain for the file.
633 		 */
634 		err = __fat_write_inode(inode, inode_needs_sync(inode));
635 		if (err) {
636 			fat_msg(inode->i_sb, KERN_WARNING, "Failed to "
637 					"update on disk inode for unused "
638 					"fallocated blocks, inode could be "
639 					"corrupted. Please run fsck");
640 		}
641 
642 	}
643 }
644 
645 static void fat_evict_inode(struct inode *inode)
646 {
647 	truncate_inode_pages_final(&inode->i_data);
648 	if (!inode->i_nlink) {
649 		inode->i_size = 0;
650 		fat_truncate_blocks(inode, 0);
651 	} else
652 		fat_free_eofblocks(inode);
653 
654 	invalidate_inode_buffers(inode);
655 	clear_inode(inode);
656 	fat_cache_inval_inode(inode);
657 	fat_detach(inode);
658 }
659 
660 static void fat_set_state(struct super_block *sb,
661 			unsigned int set, unsigned int force)
662 {
663 	struct buffer_head *bh;
664 	struct fat_boot_sector *b;
665 	struct msdos_sb_info *sbi = MSDOS_SB(sb);
666 
667 	/* do not change any thing if mounted read only */
668 	if (sb_rdonly(sb) && !force)
669 		return;
670 
671 	/* do not change state if fs was dirty */
672 	if (sbi->dirty) {
673 		/* warn only on set (mount). */
674 		if (set)
675 			fat_msg(sb, KERN_WARNING, "Volume was not properly "
676 				"unmounted. Some data may be corrupt. "
677 				"Please run fsck.");
678 		return;
679 	}
680 
681 	bh = sb_bread(sb, 0);
682 	if (bh == NULL) {
683 		fat_msg(sb, KERN_ERR, "unable to read boot sector "
684 			"to mark fs as dirty");
685 		return;
686 	}
687 
688 	b = (struct fat_boot_sector *) bh->b_data;
689 
690 	if (is_fat32(sbi)) {
691 		if (set)
692 			b->fat32.state |= FAT_STATE_DIRTY;
693 		else
694 			b->fat32.state &= ~FAT_STATE_DIRTY;
695 	} else /* fat 16 and 12 */ {
696 		if (set)
697 			b->fat16.state |= FAT_STATE_DIRTY;
698 		else
699 			b->fat16.state &= ~FAT_STATE_DIRTY;
700 	}
701 
702 	mark_buffer_dirty(bh);
703 	sync_dirty_buffer(bh);
704 	brelse(bh);
705 }
706 
707 static void fat_reset_iocharset(struct fat_mount_options *opts)
708 {
709 	if (opts->iocharset != fat_default_iocharset) {
710 		/* Note: opts->iocharset can be NULL here */
711 		kfree(opts->iocharset);
712 		opts->iocharset = fat_default_iocharset;
713 	}
714 }
715 
716 static void delayed_free(struct rcu_head *p)
717 {
718 	struct msdos_sb_info *sbi = container_of(p, struct msdos_sb_info, rcu);
719 	unload_nls(sbi->nls_disk);
720 	unload_nls(sbi->nls_io);
721 	fat_reset_iocharset(&sbi->options);
722 	kfree(sbi);
723 }
724 
725 static void fat_put_super(struct super_block *sb)
726 {
727 	struct msdos_sb_info *sbi = MSDOS_SB(sb);
728 
729 	fat_set_state(sb, 0, 0);
730 
731 	iput(sbi->fsinfo_inode);
732 	iput(sbi->fat_inode);
733 
734 	call_rcu(&sbi->rcu, delayed_free);
735 }
736 
737 static struct kmem_cache *fat_inode_cachep;
738 
739 static struct inode *fat_alloc_inode(struct super_block *sb)
740 {
741 	struct msdos_inode_info *ei;
742 	ei = kmem_cache_alloc(fat_inode_cachep, GFP_NOFS);
743 	if (!ei)
744 		return NULL;
745 
746 	init_rwsem(&ei->truncate_lock);
747 	return &ei->vfs_inode;
748 }
749 
750 static void fat_free_inode(struct inode *inode)
751 {
752 	kmem_cache_free(fat_inode_cachep, MSDOS_I(inode));
753 }
754 
755 static void init_once(void *foo)
756 {
757 	struct msdos_inode_info *ei = (struct msdos_inode_info *)foo;
758 
759 	spin_lock_init(&ei->cache_lru_lock);
760 	ei->nr_caches = 0;
761 	ei->cache_valid_id = FAT_CACHE_VALID + 1;
762 	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&ei->cache_lru);
763 	INIT_HLIST_NODE(&ei->i_fat_hash);
764 	INIT_HLIST_NODE(&ei->i_dir_hash);
765 	inode_init_once(&ei->vfs_inode);
766 }
767 
768 static int __init fat_init_inodecache(void)
769 {
770 	fat_inode_cachep = kmem_cache_create("fat_inode_cache",
771 					     sizeof(struct msdos_inode_info),
772 					     0, (SLAB_RECLAIM_ACCOUNT|
773 						SLAB_MEM_SPREAD|SLAB_ACCOUNT),
774 					     init_once);
775 	if (fat_inode_cachep == NULL)
776 		return -ENOMEM;
777 	return 0;
778 }
779 
780 static void __exit fat_destroy_inodecache(void)
781 {
782 	/*
783 	 * Make sure all delayed rcu free inodes are flushed before we
784 	 * destroy cache.
785 	 */
786 	rcu_barrier();
787 	kmem_cache_destroy(fat_inode_cachep);
788 }
789 
790 static int fat_remount(struct super_block *sb, int *flags, char *data)
791 {
792 	bool new_rdonly;
793 	struct msdos_sb_info *sbi = MSDOS_SB(sb);
794 	*flags |= SB_NODIRATIME | (sbi->options.isvfat ? 0 : SB_NOATIME);
795 
796 	sync_filesystem(sb);
797 
798 	/* make sure we update state on remount. */
799 	new_rdonly = *flags & SB_RDONLY;
800 	if (new_rdonly != sb_rdonly(sb)) {
801 		if (new_rdonly)
802 			fat_set_state(sb, 0, 0);
803 		else
804 			fat_set_state(sb, 1, 1);
805 	}
806 	return 0;
807 }
808 
809 static int fat_statfs(struct dentry *dentry, struct kstatfs *buf)
810 {
811 	struct super_block *sb = dentry->d_sb;
812 	struct msdos_sb_info *sbi = MSDOS_SB(sb);
813 	u64 id = huge_encode_dev(sb->s_bdev->bd_dev);
814 
815 	/* If the count of free cluster is still unknown, counts it here. */
816 	if (sbi->free_clusters == -1 || !sbi->free_clus_valid) {
817 		int err = fat_count_free_clusters(dentry->d_sb);
818 		if (err)
819 			return err;
820 	}
821 
822 	buf->f_type = dentry->d_sb->s_magic;
823 	buf->f_bsize = sbi->cluster_size;
824 	buf->f_blocks = sbi->max_cluster - FAT_START_ENT;
825 	buf->f_bfree = sbi->free_clusters;
826 	buf->f_bavail = sbi->free_clusters;
827 	buf->f_fsid.val[0] = (u32)id;
828 	buf->f_fsid.val[1] = (u32)(id >> 32);
829 	buf->f_namelen =
830 		(sbi->options.isvfat ? FAT_LFN_LEN : 12) * NLS_MAX_CHARSET_SIZE;
831 
832 	return 0;
833 }
834 
835 static int __fat_write_inode(struct inode *inode, int wait)
836 {
837 	struct super_block *sb = inode->i_sb;
838 	struct msdos_sb_info *sbi = MSDOS_SB(sb);
839 	struct buffer_head *bh;
840 	struct msdos_dir_entry *raw_entry;
841 	loff_t i_pos;
842 	sector_t blocknr;
843 	int err, offset;
844 
845 	if (inode->i_ino == MSDOS_ROOT_INO)
846 		return 0;
847 
848 retry:
849 	i_pos = fat_i_pos_read(sbi, inode);
850 	if (!i_pos)
851 		return 0;
852 
853 	fat_get_blknr_offset(sbi, i_pos, &blocknr, &offset);
854 	bh = sb_bread(sb, blocknr);
855 	if (!bh) {
856 		fat_msg(sb, KERN_ERR, "unable to read inode block "
857 		       "for updating (i_pos %lld)", i_pos);
858 		return -EIO;
859 	}
860 	spin_lock(&sbi->inode_hash_lock);
861 	if (i_pos != MSDOS_I(inode)->i_pos) {
862 		spin_unlock(&sbi->inode_hash_lock);
863 		brelse(bh);
864 		goto retry;
865 	}
866 
867 	raw_entry = &((struct msdos_dir_entry *) (bh->b_data))[offset];
868 	if (S_ISDIR(inode->i_mode))
869 		raw_entry->size = 0;
870 	else
871 		raw_entry->size = cpu_to_le32(inode->i_size);
872 	raw_entry->attr = fat_make_attrs(inode);
873 	fat_set_start(raw_entry, MSDOS_I(inode)->i_logstart);
874 	fat_time_unix2fat(sbi, &inode->i_mtime, &raw_entry->time,
875 			  &raw_entry->date, NULL);
876 	if (sbi->options.isvfat) {
877 		__le16 atime;
878 		fat_time_unix2fat(sbi, &inode->i_ctime, &raw_entry->ctime,
879 				  &raw_entry->cdate, &raw_entry->ctime_cs);
880 		fat_time_unix2fat(sbi, &inode->i_atime, &atime,
881 				  &raw_entry->adate, NULL);
882 	}
883 	spin_unlock(&sbi->inode_hash_lock);
884 	mark_buffer_dirty(bh);
885 	err = 0;
886 	if (wait)
887 		err = sync_dirty_buffer(bh);
888 	brelse(bh);
889 	return err;
890 }
891 
892 static int fat_write_inode(struct inode *inode, struct writeback_control *wbc)
893 {
894 	int err;
895 
896 	if (inode->i_ino == MSDOS_FSINFO_INO) {
897 		struct super_block *sb = inode->i_sb;
898 
899 		mutex_lock(&MSDOS_SB(sb)->s_lock);
900 		err = fat_clusters_flush(sb);
901 		mutex_unlock(&MSDOS_SB(sb)->s_lock);
902 	} else
903 		err = __fat_write_inode(inode, wbc->sync_mode == WB_SYNC_ALL);
904 
905 	return err;
906 }
907 
908 int fat_sync_inode(struct inode *inode)
909 {
910 	return __fat_write_inode(inode, 1);
911 }
912 
913 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(fat_sync_inode);
914 
915 static int fat_show_options(struct seq_file *m, struct dentry *root);
916 static const struct super_operations fat_sops = {
917 	.alloc_inode	= fat_alloc_inode,
918 	.free_inode	= fat_free_inode,
919 	.write_inode	= fat_write_inode,
920 	.evict_inode	= fat_evict_inode,
921 	.put_super	= fat_put_super,
922 	.statfs		= fat_statfs,
923 	.remount_fs	= fat_remount,
924 
925 	.show_options	= fat_show_options,
926 };
927 
928 static int fat_show_options(struct seq_file *m, struct dentry *root)
929 {
930 	struct msdos_sb_info *sbi = MSDOS_SB(root->d_sb);
931 	struct fat_mount_options *opts = &sbi->options;
932 	int isvfat = opts->isvfat;
933 
934 	if (!uid_eq(opts->fs_uid, GLOBAL_ROOT_UID))
935 		seq_printf(m, ",uid=%u",
936 				from_kuid_munged(&init_user_ns, opts->fs_uid));
937 	if (!gid_eq(opts->fs_gid, GLOBAL_ROOT_GID))
938 		seq_printf(m, ",gid=%u",
939 				from_kgid_munged(&init_user_ns, opts->fs_gid));
940 	seq_printf(m, ",fmask=%04o", opts->fs_fmask);
941 	seq_printf(m, ",dmask=%04o", opts->fs_dmask);
942 	if (opts->allow_utime)
943 		seq_printf(m, ",allow_utime=%04o", opts->allow_utime);
944 	if (sbi->nls_disk)
945 		/* strip "cp" prefix from displayed option */
946 		seq_printf(m, ",codepage=%s", &sbi->nls_disk->charset[2]);
947 	if (isvfat) {
948 		if (sbi->nls_io)
949 			seq_printf(m, ",iocharset=%s", sbi->nls_io->charset);
950 
951 		switch (opts->shortname) {
952 		case VFAT_SFN_DISPLAY_WIN95 | VFAT_SFN_CREATE_WIN95:
953 			seq_puts(m, ",shortname=win95");
954 			break;
955 		case VFAT_SFN_DISPLAY_WINNT | VFAT_SFN_CREATE_WINNT:
956 			seq_puts(m, ",shortname=winnt");
957 			break;
958 		case VFAT_SFN_DISPLAY_WINNT | VFAT_SFN_CREATE_WIN95:
959 			seq_puts(m, ",shortname=mixed");
960 			break;
961 		case VFAT_SFN_DISPLAY_LOWER | VFAT_SFN_CREATE_WIN95:
962 			seq_puts(m, ",shortname=lower");
963 			break;
964 		default:
965 			seq_puts(m, ",shortname=unknown");
966 			break;
967 		}
968 	}
969 	if (opts->name_check != 'n')
970 		seq_printf(m, ",check=%c", opts->name_check);
971 	if (opts->usefree)
972 		seq_puts(m, ",usefree");
973 	if (opts->quiet)
974 		seq_puts(m, ",quiet");
975 	if (opts->showexec)
976 		seq_puts(m, ",showexec");
977 	if (opts->sys_immutable)
978 		seq_puts(m, ",sys_immutable");
979 	if (!isvfat) {
980 		if (opts->dotsOK)
981 			seq_puts(m, ",dotsOK=yes");
982 		if (opts->nocase)
983 			seq_puts(m, ",nocase");
984 	} else {
985 		if (opts->utf8)
986 			seq_puts(m, ",utf8");
987 		if (opts->unicode_xlate)
988 			seq_puts(m, ",uni_xlate");
989 		if (!opts->numtail)
990 			seq_puts(m, ",nonumtail");
991 		if (opts->rodir)
992 			seq_puts(m, ",rodir");
993 	}
994 	if (opts->flush)
995 		seq_puts(m, ",flush");
996 	if (opts->tz_set) {
997 		if (opts->time_offset)
998 			seq_printf(m, ",time_offset=%d", opts->time_offset);
999 		else
1000 			seq_puts(m, ",tz=UTC");
1001 	}
1002 	if (opts->errors == FAT_ERRORS_CONT)
1003 		seq_puts(m, ",errors=continue");
1004 	else if (opts->errors == FAT_ERRORS_PANIC)
1005 		seq_puts(m, ",errors=panic");
1006 	else
1007 		seq_puts(m, ",errors=remount-ro");
1008 	if (opts->nfs == FAT_NFS_NOSTALE_RO)
1009 		seq_puts(m, ",nfs=nostale_ro");
1010 	else if (opts->nfs)
1011 		seq_puts(m, ",nfs=stale_rw");
1012 	if (opts->discard)
1013 		seq_puts(m, ",discard");
1014 	if (opts->dos1xfloppy)
1015 		seq_puts(m, ",dos1xfloppy");
1016 
1017 	return 0;
1018 }
1019 
1020 enum {
1021 	Opt_check_n, Opt_check_r, Opt_check_s, Opt_uid, Opt_gid,
1022 	Opt_umask, Opt_dmask, Opt_fmask, Opt_allow_utime, Opt_codepage,
1023 	Opt_usefree, Opt_nocase, Opt_quiet, Opt_showexec, Opt_debug,
1024 	Opt_immutable, Opt_dots, Opt_nodots,
1025 	Opt_charset, Opt_shortname_lower, Opt_shortname_win95,
1026 	Opt_shortname_winnt, Opt_shortname_mixed, Opt_utf8_no, Opt_utf8_yes,
1027 	Opt_uni_xl_no, Opt_uni_xl_yes, Opt_nonumtail_no, Opt_nonumtail_yes,
1028 	Opt_obsolete, Opt_flush, Opt_tz_utc, Opt_rodir, Opt_err_cont,
1029 	Opt_err_panic, Opt_err_ro, Opt_discard, Opt_nfs, Opt_time_offset,
1030 	Opt_nfs_stale_rw, Opt_nfs_nostale_ro, Opt_err, Opt_dos1xfloppy,
1031 };
1032 
1033 static const match_table_t fat_tokens = {
1034 	{Opt_check_r, "check=relaxed"},
1035 	{Opt_check_s, "check=strict"},
1036 	{Opt_check_n, "check=normal"},
1037 	{Opt_check_r, "check=r"},
1038 	{Opt_check_s, "check=s"},
1039 	{Opt_check_n, "check=n"},
1040 	{Opt_uid, "uid=%u"},
1041 	{Opt_gid, "gid=%u"},
1042 	{Opt_umask, "umask=%o"},
1043 	{Opt_dmask, "dmask=%o"},
1044 	{Opt_fmask, "fmask=%o"},
1045 	{Opt_allow_utime, "allow_utime=%o"},
1046 	{Opt_codepage, "codepage=%u"},
1047 	{Opt_usefree, "usefree"},
1048 	{Opt_nocase, "nocase"},
1049 	{Opt_quiet, "quiet"},
1050 	{Opt_showexec, "showexec"},
1051 	{Opt_debug, "debug"},
1052 	{Opt_immutable, "sys_immutable"},
1053 	{Opt_flush, "flush"},
1054 	{Opt_tz_utc, "tz=UTC"},
1055 	{Opt_time_offset, "time_offset=%d"},
1056 	{Opt_err_cont, "errors=continue"},
1057 	{Opt_err_panic, "errors=panic"},
1058 	{Opt_err_ro, "errors=remount-ro"},
1059 	{Opt_discard, "discard"},
1060 	{Opt_nfs_stale_rw, "nfs"},
1061 	{Opt_nfs_stale_rw, "nfs=stale_rw"},
1062 	{Opt_nfs_nostale_ro, "nfs=nostale_ro"},
1063 	{Opt_dos1xfloppy, "dos1xfloppy"},
1064 	{Opt_obsolete, "conv=binary"},
1065 	{Opt_obsolete, "conv=text"},
1066 	{Opt_obsolete, "conv=auto"},
1067 	{Opt_obsolete, "conv=b"},
1068 	{Opt_obsolete, "conv=t"},
1069 	{Opt_obsolete, "conv=a"},
1070 	{Opt_obsolete, "fat=%u"},
1071 	{Opt_obsolete, "blocksize=%u"},
1072 	{Opt_obsolete, "cvf_format=%20s"},
1073 	{Opt_obsolete, "cvf_options=%100s"},
1074 	{Opt_obsolete, "posix"},
1075 	{Opt_err, NULL},
1076 };
1077 static const match_table_t msdos_tokens = {
1078 	{Opt_nodots, "nodots"},
1079 	{Opt_nodots, "dotsOK=no"},
1080 	{Opt_dots, "dots"},
1081 	{Opt_dots, "dotsOK=yes"},
1082 	{Opt_err, NULL}
1083 };
1084 static const match_table_t vfat_tokens = {
1085 	{Opt_charset, "iocharset=%s"},
1086 	{Opt_shortname_lower, "shortname=lower"},
1087 	{Opt_shortname_win95, "shortname=win95"},
1088 	{Opt_shortname_winnt, "shortname=winnt"},
1089 	{Opt_shortname_mixed, "shortname=mixed"},
1090 	{Opt_utf8_no, "utf8=0"},		/* 0 or no or false */
1091 	{Opt_utf8_no, "utf8=no"},
1092 	{Opt_utf8_no, "utf8=false"},
1093 	{Opt_utf8_yes, "utf8=1"},		/* empty or 1 or yes or true */
1094 	{Opt_utf8_yes, "utf8=yes"},
1095 	{Opt_utf8_yes, "utf8=true"},
1096 	{Opt_utf8_yes, "utf8"},
1097 	{Opt_uni_xl_no, "uni_xlate=0"},		/* 0 or no or false */
1098 	{Opt_uni_xl_no, "uni_xlate=no"},
1099 	{Opt_uni_xl_no, "uni_xlate=false"},
1100 	{Opt_uni_xl_yes, "uni_xlate=1"},	/* empty or 1 or yes or true */
1101 	{Opt_uni_xl_yes, "uni_xlate=yes"},
1102 	{Opt_uni_xl_yes, "uni_xlate=true"},
1103 	{Opt_uni_xl_yes, "uni_xlate"},
1104 	{Opt_nonumtail_no, "nonumtail=0"},	/* 0 or no or false */
1105 	{Opt_nonumtail_no, "nonumtail=no"},
1106 	{Opt_nonumtail_no, "nonumtail=false"},
1107 	{Opt_nonumtail_yes, "nonumtail=1"},	/* empty or 1 or yes or true */
1108 	{Opt_nonumtail_yes, "nonumtail=yes"},
1109 	{Opt_nonumtail_yes, "nonumtail=true"},
1110 	{Opt_nonumtail_yes, "nonumtail"},
1111 	{Opt_rodir, "rodir"},
1112 	{Opt_err, NULL}
1113 };
1114 
1115 static int parse_options(struct super_block *sb, char *options, int is_vfat,
1116 			 int silent, int *debug, struct fat_mount_options *opts)
1117 {
1118 	char *p;
1119 	substring_t args[MAX_OPT_ARGS];
1120 	int option;
1121 	char *iocharset;
1122 
1123 	opts->isvfat = is_vfat;
1124 
1125 	opts->fs_uid = current_uid();
1126 	opts->fs_gid = current_gid();
1127 	opts->fs_fmask = opts->fs_dmask = current_umask();
1128 	opts->allow_utime = -1;
1129 	opts->codepage = fat_default_codepage;
1130 	fat_reset_iocharset(opts);
1131 	if (is_vfat) {
1132 		opts->shortname = VFAT_SFN_DISPLAY_WINNT|VFAT_SFN_CREATE_WIN95;
1133 		opts->rodir = 0;
1134 	} else {
1135 		opts->shortname = 0;
1136 		opts->rodir = 1;
1137 	}
1138 	opts->name_check = 'n';
1139 	opts->quiet = opts->showexec = opts->sys_immutable = opts->dotsOK =  0;
1140 	opts->unicode_xlate = 0;
1141 	opts->numtail = 1;
1142 	opts->usefree = opts->nocase = 0;
1143 	opts->tz_set = 0;
1144 	opts->nfs = 0;
1145 	opts->errors = FAT_ERRORS_RO;
1146 	*debug = 0;
1147 
1148 	opts->utf8 = IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_FAT_DEFAULT_UTF8) && is_vfat;
1149 
1150 	if (!options)
1151 		goto out;
1152 
1153 	while ((p = strsep(&options, ",")) != NULL) {
1154 		int token;
1155 		if (!*p)
1156 			continue;
1157 
1158 		token = match_token(p, fat_tokens, args);
1159 		if (token == Opt_err) {
1160 			if (is_vfat)
1161 				token = match_token(p, vfat_tokens, args);
1162 			else
1163 				token = match_token(p, msdos_tokens, args);
1164 		}
1165 		switch (token) {
1166 		case Opt_check_s:
1167 			opts->name_check = 's';
1168 			break;
1169 		case Opt_check_r:
1170 			opts->name_check = 'r';
1171 			break;
1172 		case Opt_check_n:
1173 			opts->name_check = 'n';
1174 			break;
1175 		case Opt_usefree:
1176 			opts->usefree = 1;
1177 			break;
1178 		case Opt_nocase:
1179 			if (!is_vfat)
1180 				opts->nocase = 1;
1181 			else {
1182 				/* for backward compatibility */
1183 				opts->shortname = VFAT_SFN_DISPLAY_WIN95
1184 					| VFAT_SFN_CREATE_WIN95;
1185 			}
1186 			break;
1187 		case Opt_quiet:
1188 			opts->quiet = 1;
1189 			break;
1190 		case Opt_showexec:
1191 			opts->showexec = 1;
1192 			break;
1193 		case Opt_debug:
1194 			*debug = 1;
1195 			break;
1196 		case Opt_immutable:
1197 			opts->sys_immutable = 1;
1198 			break;
1199 		case Opt_uid:
1200 			if (match_int(&args[0], &option))
1201 				return -EINVAL;
1202 			opts->fs_uid = make_kuid(current_user_ns(), option);
1203 			if (!uid_valid(opts->fs_uid))
1204 				return -EINVAL;
1205 			break;
1206 		case Opt_gid:
1207 			if (match_int(&args[0], &option))
1208 				return -EINVAL;
1209 			opts->fs_gid = make_kgid(current_user_ns(), option);
1210 			if (!gid_valid(opts->fs_gid))
1211 				return -EINVAL;
1212 			break;
1213 		case Opt_umask:
1214 			if (match_octal(&args[0], &option))
1215 				return -EINVAL;
1216 			opts->fs_fmask = opts->fs_dmask = option;
1217 			break;
1218 		case Opt_dmask:
1219 			if (match_octal(&args[0], &option))
1220 				return -EINVAL;
1221 			opts->fs_dmask = option;
1222 			break;
1223 		case Opt_fmask:
1224 			if (match_octal(&args[0], &option))
1225 				return -EINVAL;
1226 			opts->fs_fmask = option;
1227 			break;
1228 		case Opt_allow_utime:
1229 			if (match_octal(&args[0], &option))
1230 				return -EINVAL;
1231 			opts->allow_utime = option & (S_IWGRP | S_IWOTH);
1232 			break;
1233 		case Opt_codepage:
1234 			if (match_int(&args[0], &option))
1235 				return -EINVAL;
1236 			opts->codepage = option;
1237 			break;
1238 		case Opt_flush:
1239 			opts->flush = 1;
1240 			break;
1241 		case Opt_time_offset:
1242 			if (match_int(&args[0], &option))
1243 				return -EINVAL;
1244 			/*
1245 			 * GMT+-12 zones may have DST corrections so at least
1246 			 * 13 hours difference is needed. Make the limit 24
1247 			 * just in case someone invents something unusual.
1248 			 */
1249 			if (option < -24 * 60 || option > 24 * 60)
1250 				return -EINVAL;
1251 			opts->tz_set = 1;
1252 			opts->time_offset = option;
1253 			break;
1254 		case Opt_tz_utc:
1255 			opts->tz_set = 1;
1256 			opts->time_offset = 0;
1257 			break;
1258 		case Opt_err_cont:
1259 			opts->errors = FAT_ERRORS_CONT;
1260 			break;
1261 		case Opt_err_panic:
1262 			opts->errors = FAT_ERRORS_PANIC;
1263 			break;
1264 		case Opt_err_ro:
1265 			opts->errors = FAT_ERRORS_RO;
1266 			break;
1267 		case Opt_nfs_stale_rw:
1268 			opts->nfs = FAT_NFS_STALE_RW;
1269 			break;
1270 		case Opt_nfs_nostale_ro:
1271 			opts->nfs = FAT_NFS_NOSTALE_RO;
1272 			break;
1273 		case Opt_dos1xfloppy:
1274 			opts->dos1xfloppy = 1;
1275 			break;
1276 
1277 		/* msdos specific */
1278 		case Opt_dots:
1279 			opts->dotsOK = 1;
1280 			break;
1281 		case Opt_nodots:
1282 			opts->dotsOK = 0;
1283 			break;
1284 
1285 		/* vfat specific */
1286 		case Opt_charset:
1287 			fat_reset_iocharset(opts);
1288 			iocharset = match_strdup(&args[0]);
1289 			if (!iocharset)
1290 				return -ENOMEM;
1291 			opts->iocharset = iocharset;
1292 			break;
1293 		case Opt_shortname_lower:
1294 			opts->shortname = VFAT_SFN_DISPLAY_LOWER
1295 					| VFAT_SFN_CREATE_WIN95;
1296 			break;
1297 		case Opt_shortname_win95:
1298 			opts->shortname = VFAT_SFN_DISPLAY_WIN95
1299 					| VFAT_SFN_CREATE_WIN95;
1300 			break;
1301 		case Opt_shortname_winnt:
1302 			opts->shortname = VFAT_SFN_DISPLAY_WINNT
1303 					| VFAT_SFN_CREATE_WINNT;
1304 			break;
1305 		case Opt_shortname_mixed:
1306 			opts->shortname = VFAT_SFN_DISPLAY_WINNT
1307 					| VFAT_SFN_CREATE_WIN95;
1308 			break;
1309 		case Opt_utf8_no:		/* 0 or no or false */
1310 			opts->utf8 = 0;
1311 			break;
1312 		case Opt_utf8_yes:		/* empty or 1 or yes or true */
1313 			opts->utf8 = 1;
1314 			break;
1315 		case Opt_uni_xl_no:		/* 0 or no or false */
1316 			opts->unicode_xlate = 0;
1317 			break;
1318 		case Opt_uni_xl_yes:		/* empty or 1 or yes or true */
1319 			opts->unicode_xlate = 1;
1320 			break;
1321 		case Opt_nonumtail_no:		/* 0 or no or false */
1322 			opts->numtail = 1;	/* negated option */
1323 			break;
1324 		case Opt_nonumtail_yes:		/* empty or 1 or yes or true */
1325 			opts->numtail = 0;	/* negated option */
1326 			break;
1327 		case Opt_rodir:
1328 			opts->rodir = 1;
1329 			break;
1330 		case Opt_discard:
1331 			opts->discard = 1;
1332 			break;
1333 
1334 		/* obsolete mount options */
1335 		case Opt_obsolete:
1336 			fat_msg(sb, KERN_INFO, "\"%s\" option is obsolete, "
1337 			       "not supported now", p);
1338 			break;
1339 		/* unknown option */
1340 		default:
1341 			if (!silent) {
1342 				fat_msg(sb, KERN_ERR,
1343 				       "Unrecognized mount option \"%s\" "
1344 				       "or missing value", p);
1345 			}
1346 			return -EINVAL;
1347 		}
1348 	}
1349 
1350 out:
1351 	/* UTF-8 doesn't provide FAT semantics */
1352 	if (!strcmp(opts->iocharset, "utf8")) {
1353 		fat_msg(sb, KERN_WARNING, "utf8 is not a recommended IO charset"
1354 		       " for FAT filesystems, filesystem will be "
1355 		       "case sensitive!");
1356 	}
1357 
1358 	/* If user doesn't specify allow_utime, it's initialized from dmask. */
1359 	if (opts->allow_utime == (unsigned short)-1)
1360 		opts->allow_utime = ~opts->fs_dmask & (S_IWGRP | S_IWOTH);
1361 	if (opts->unicode_xlate)
1362 		opts->utf8 = 0;
1363 	if (opts->nfs == FAT_NFS_NOSTALE_RO) {
1364 		sb->s_flags |= SB_RDONLY;
1365 		sb->s_export_op = &fat_export_ops_nostale;
1366 	}
1367 
1368 	return 0;
1369 }
1370 
1371 static void fat_dummy_inode_init(struct inode *inode)
1372 {
1373 	/* Initialize this dummy inode to work as no-op. */
1374 	MSDOS_I(inode)->mmu_private = 0;
1375 	MSDOS_I(inode)->i_start = 0;
1376 	MSDOS_I(inode)->i_logstart = 0;
1377 	MSDOS_I(inode)->i_attrs = 0;
1378 	MSDOS_I(inode)->i_pos = 0;
1379 }
1380 
1381 static int fat_read_root(struct inode *inode)
1382 {
1383 	struct msdos_sb_info *sbi = MSDOS_SB(inode->i_sb);
1384 	int error;
1385 
1386 	MSDOS_I(inode)->i_pos = MSDOS_ROOT_INO;
1387 	inode->i_uid = sbi->options.fs_uid;
1388 	inode->i_gid = sbi->options.fs_gid;
1389 	inode_inc_iversion(inode);
1390 	inode->i_generation = 0;
1391 	inode->i_mode = fat_make_mode(sbi, ATTR_DIR, S_IRWXUGO);
1392 	inode->i_op = sbi->dir_ops;
1393 	inode->i_fop = &fat_dir_operations;
1394 	if (is_fat32(sbi)) {
1395 		MSDOS_I(inode)->i_start = sbi->root_cluster;
1396 		error = fat_calc_dir_size(inode);
1397 		if (error < 0)
1398 			return error;
1399 	} else {
1400 		MSDOS_I(inode)->i_start = 0;
1401 		inode->i_size = sbi->dir_entries * sizeof(struct msdos_dir_entry);
1402 	}
1403 	inode->i_blocks = ((inode->i_size + (sbi->cluster_size - 1))
1404 			   & ~((loff_t)sbi->cluster_size - 1)) >> 9;
1405 	MSDOS_I(inode)->i_logstart = 0;
1406 	MSDOS_I(inode)->mmu_private = inode->i_size;
1407 
1408 	fat_save_attrs(inode, ATTR_DIR);
1409 	inode->i_mtime.tv_sec = inode->i_atime.tv_sec = inode->i_ctime.tv_sec = 0;
1410 	inode->i_mtime.tv_nsec = inode->i_atime.tv_nsec = inode->i_ctime.tv_nsec = 0;
1411 	set_nlink(inode, fat_subdirs(inode)+2);
1412 
1413 	return 0;
1414 }
1415 
1416 static unsigned long calc_fat_clusters(struct super_block *sb)
1417 {
1418 	struct msdos_sb_info *sbi = MSDOS_SB(sb);
1419 
1420 	/* Divide first to avoid overflow */
1421 	if (!is_fat12(sbi)) {
1422 		unsigned long ent_per_sec = sb->s_blocksize * 8 / sbi->fat_bits;
1423 		return ent_per_sec * sbi->fat_length;
1424 	}
1425 
1426 	return sbi->fat_length * sb->s_blocksize * 8 / sbi->fat_bits;
1427 }
1428 
1429 static bool fat_bpb_is_zero(struct fat_boot_sector *b)
1430 {
1431 	if (get_unaligned_le16(&b->sector_size))
1432 		return false;
1433 	if (b->sec_per_clus)
1434 		return false;
1435 	if (b->reserved)
1436 		return false;
1437 	if (b->fats)
1438 		return false;
1439 	if (get_unaligned_le16(&b->dir_entries))
1440 		return false;
1441 	if (get_unaligned_le16(&b->sectors))
1442 		return false;
1443 	if (b->media)
1444 		return false;
1445 	if (b->fat_length)
1446 		return false;
1447 	if (b->secs_track)
1448 		return false;
1449 	if (b->heads)
1450 		return false;
1451 	return true;
1452 }
1453 
1454 static int fat_read_bpb(struct super_block *sb, struct fat_boot_sector *b,
1455 	int silent, struct fat_bios_param_block *bpb)
1456 {
1457 	int error = -EINVAL;
1458 
1459 	/* Read in BPB ... */
1460 	memset(bpb, 0, sizeof(*bpb));
1461 	bpb->fat_sector_size = get_unaligned_le16(&b->sector_size);
1462 	bpb->fat_sec_per_clus = b->sec_per_clus;
1463 	bpb->fat_reserved = le16_to_cpu(b->reserved);
1464 	bpb->fat_fats = b->fats;
1465 	bpb->fat_dir_entries = get_unaligned_le16(&b->dir_entries);
1466 	bpb->fat_sectors = get_unaligned_le16(&b->sectors);
1467 	bpb->fat_fat_length = le16_to_cpu(b->fat_length);
1468 	bpb->fat_total_sect = le32_to_cpu(b->total_sect);
1469 
1470 	bpb->fat16_state = b->fat16.state;
1471 	bpb->fat16_vol_id = get_unaligned_le32(b->fat16.vol_id);
1472 
1473 	bpb->fat32_length = le32_to_cpu(b->fat32.length);
1474 	bpb->fat32_root_cluster = le32_to_cpu(b->fat32.root_cluster);
1475 	bpb->fat32_info_sector = le16_to_cpu(b->fat32.info_sector);
1476 	bpb->fat32_state = b->fat32.state;
1477 	bpb->fat32_vol_id = get_unaligned_le32(b->fat32.vol_id);
1478 
1479 	/* Validate this looks like a FAT filesystem BPB */
1480 	if (!bpb->fat_reserved) {
1481 		if (!silent)
1482 			fat_msg(sb, KERN_ERR,
1483 				"bogus number of reserved sectors");
1484 		goto out;
1485 	}
1486 	if (!bpb->fat_fats) {
1487 		if (!silent)
1488 			fat_msg(sb, KERN_ERR, "bogus number of FAT structure");
1489 		goto out;
1490 	}
1491 
1492 	/*
1493 	 * Earlier we checked here that b->secs_track and b->head are nonzero,
1494 	 * but it turns out valid FAT filesystems can have zero there.
1495 	 */
1496 
1497 	if (!fat_valid_media(b->media)) {
1498 		if (!silent)
1499 			fat_msg(sb, KERN_ERR, "invalid media value (0x%02x)",
1500 				(unsigned)b->media);
1501 		goto out;
1502 	}
1503 
1504 	if (!is_power_of_2(bpb->fat_sector_size)
1505 	    || (bpb->fat_sector_size < 512)
1506 	    || (bpb->fat_sector_size > 4096)) {
1507 		if (!silent)
1508 			fat_msg(sb, KERN_ERR, "bogus logical sector size %u",
1509 			       (unsigned)bpb->fat_sector_size);
1510 		goto out;
1511 	}
1512 
1513 	if (!is_power_of_2(bpb->fat_sec_per_clus)) {
1514 		if (!silent)
1515 			fat_msg(sb, KERN_ERR, "bogus sectors per cluster %u",
1516 				(unsigned)bpb->fat_sec_per_clus);
1517 		goto out;
1518 	}
1519 
1520 	error = 0;
1521 
1522 out:
1523 	return error;
1524 }
1525 
1526 static int fat_read_static_bpb(struct super_block *sb,
1527 	struct fat_boot_sector *b, int silent,
1528 	struct fat_bios_param_block *bpb)
1529 {
1530 	static const char *notdos1x = "This doesn't look like a DOS 1.x volume";
1531 
1532 	struct fat_floppy_defaults *fdefaults = NULL;
1533 	int error = -EINVAL;
1534 	sector_t bd_sects;
1535 	unsigned i;
1536 
1537 	bd_sects = i_size_read(sb->s_bdev->bd_inode) / SECTOR_SIZE;
1538 
1539 	/* 16-bit DOS 1.x reliably wrote bootstrap short-jmp code */
1540 	if (b->ignored[0] != 0xeb || b->ignored[2] != 0x90) {
1541 		if (!silent)
1542 			fat_msg(sb, KERN_ERR,
1543 				"%s; no bootstrapping code", notdos1x);
1544 		goto out;
1545 	}
1546 
1547 	/*
1548 	 * If any value in this region is non-zero, it isn't archaic
1549 	 * DOS.
1550 	 */
1551 	if (!fat_bpb_is_zero(b)) {
1552 		if (!silent)
1553 			fat_msg(sb, KERN_ERR,
1554 				"%s; DOS 2.x BPB is non-zero", notdos1x);
1555 		goto out;
1556 	}
1557 
1558 	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(floppy_defaults); i++) {
1559 		if (floppy_defaults[i].nr_sectors == bd_sects) {
1560 			fdefaults = &floppy_defaults[i];
1561 			break;
1562 		}
1563 	}
1564 
1565 	if (fdefaults == NULL) {
1566 		if (!silent)
1567 			fat_msg(sb, KERN_WARNING,
1568 				"This looks like a DOS 1.x volume, but isn't a recognized floppy size (%llu sectors)",
1569 				(u64)bd_sects);
1570 		goto out;
1571 	}
1572 
1573 	if (!silent)
1574 		fat_msg(sb, KERN_INFO,
1575 			"This looks like a DOS 1.x volume; assuming default BPB values");
1576 
1577 	memset(bpb, 0, sizeof(*bpb));
1578 	bpb->fat_sector_size = SECTOR_SIZE;
1579 	bpb->fat_sec_per_clus = fdefaults->sec_per_clus;
1580 	bpb->fat_reserved = 1;
1581 	bpb->fat_fats = 2;
1582 	bpb->fat_dir_entries = fdefaults->dir_entries;
1583 	bpb->fat_sectors = fdefaults->nr_sectors;
1584 	bpb->fat_fat_length = fdefaults->fat_length;
1585 
1586 	error = 0;
1587 
1588 out:
1589 	return error;
1590 }
1591 
1592 /*
1593  * Read the super block of an MS-DOS FS.
1594  */
1595 int fat_fill_super(struct super_block *sb, void *data, int silent, int isvfat,
1596 		   void (*setup)(struct super_block *))
1597 {
1598 	struct inode *root_inode = NULL, *fat_inode = NULL;
1599 	struct inode *fsinfo_inode = NULL;
1600 	struct buffer_head *bh;
1601 	struct fat_bios_param_block bpb;
1602 	struct msdos_sb_info *sbi;
1603 	u16 logical_sector_size;
1604 	u32 total_sectors, total_clusters, fat_clusters, rootdir_sectors;
1605 	int debug;
1606 	long error;
1607 	char buf[50];
1608 
1609 	/*
1610 	 * GFP_KERNEL is ok here, because while we do hold the
1611 	 * superblock lock, memory pressure can't call back into
1612 	 * the filesystem, since we're only just about to mount
1613 	 * it and have no inodes etc active!
1614 	 */
1615 	sbi = kzalloc(sizeof(struct msdos_sb_info), GFP_KERNEL);
1616 	if (!sbi)
1617 		return -ENOMEM;
1618 	sb->s_fs_info = sbi;
1619 
1620 	sb->s_flags |= SB_NODIRATIME;
1621 	sb->s_magic = MSDOS_SUPER_MAGIC;
1622 	sb->s_op = &fat_sops;
1623 	sb->s_export_op = &fat_export_ops;
1624 	/*
1625 	 * fat timestamps are complex and truncated by fat itself, so
1626 	 * we set 1 here to be fast
1627 	 */
1628 	sb->s_time_gran = 1;
1629 	mutex_init(&sbi->nfs_build_inode_lock);
1630 	ratelimit_state_init(&sbi->ratelimit, DEFAULT_RATELIMIT_INTERVAL,
1631 			     DEFAULT_RATELIMIT_BURST);
1632 
1633 	error = parse_options(sb, data, isvfat, silent, &debug, &sbi->options);
1634 	if (error)
1635 		goto out_fail;
1636 
1637 	setup(sb); /* flavour-specific stuff that needs options */
1638 
1639 	error = -EIO;
1640 	sb_min_blocksize(sb, 512);
1641 	bh = sb_bread(sb, 0);
1642 	if (bh == NULL) {
1643 		fat_msg(sb, KERN_ERR, "unable to read boot sector");
1644 		goto out_fail;
1645 	}
1646 
1647 	error = fat_read_bpb(sb, (struct fat_boot_sector *)bh->b_data, silent,
1648 		&bpb);
1649 	if (error == -EINVAL && sbi->options.dos1xfloppy)
1650 		error = fat_read_static_bpb(sb,
1651 			(struct fat_boot_sector *)bh->b_data, silent, &bpb);
1652 	brelse(bh);
1653 
1654 	if (error == -EINVAL)
1655 		goto out_invalid;
1656 	else if (error)
1657 		goto out_fail;
1658 
1659 	logical_sector_size = bpb.fat_sector_size;
1660 	sbi->sec_per_clus = bpb.fat_sec_per_clus;
1661 
1662 	error = -EIO;
1663 	if (logical_sector_size < sb->s_blocksize) {
1664 		fat_msg(sb, KERN_ERR, "logical sector size too small for device"
1665 		       " (logical sector size = %u)", logical_sector_size);
1666 		goto out_fail;
1667 	}
1668 
1669 	if (logical_sector_size > sb->s_blocksize) {
1670 		struct buffer_head *bh_resize;
1671 
1672 		if (!sb_set_blocksize(sb, logical_sector_size)) {
1673 			fat_msg(sb, KERN_ERR, "unable to set blocksize %u",
1674 			       logical_sector_size);
1675 			goto out_fail;
1676 		}
1677 
1678 		/* Verify that the larger boot sector is fully readable */
1679 		bh_resize = sb_bread(sb, 0);
1680 		if (bh_resize == NULL) {
1681 			fat_msg(sb, KERN_ERR, "unable to read boot sector"
1682 			       " (logical sector size = %lu)",
1683 			       sb->s_blocksize);
1684 			goto out_fail;
1685 		}
1686 		brelse(bh_resize);
1687 	}
1688 
1689 	mutex_init(&sbi->s_lock);
1690 	sbi->cluster_size = sb->s_blocksize * sbi->sec_per_clus;
1691 	sbi->cluster_bits = ffs(sbi->cluster_size) - 1;
1692 	sbi->fats = bpb.fat_fats;
1693 	sbi->fat_bits = 0;		/* Don't know yet */
1694 	sbi->fat_start = bpb.fat_reserved;
1695 	sbi->fat_length = bpb.fat_fat_length;
1696 	sbi->root_cluster = 0;
1697 	sbi->free_clusters = -1;	/* Don't know yet */
1698 	sbi->free_clus_valid = 0;
1699 	sbi->prev_free = FAT_START_ENT;
1700 	sb->s_maxbytes = 0xffffffff;
1701 
1702 	if (!sbi->fat_length && bpb.fat32_length) {
1703 		struct fat_boot_fsinfo *fsinfo;
1704 		struct buffer_head *fsinfo_bh;
1705 
1706 		/* Must be FAT32 */
1707 		sbi->fat_bits = 32;
1708 		sbi->fat_length = bpb.fat32_length;
1709 		sbi->root_cluster = bpb.fat32_root_cluster;
1710 
1711 		/* MC - if info_sector is 0, don't multiply by 0 */
1712 		sbi->fsinfo_sector = bpb.fat32_info_sector;
1713 		if (sbi->fsinfo_sector == 0)
1714 			sbi->fsinfo_sector = 1;
1715 
1716 		fsinfo_bh = sb_bread(sb, sbi->fsinfo_sector);
1717 		if (fsinfo_bh == NULL) {
1718 			fat_msg(sb, KERN_ERR, "bread failed, FSINFO block"
1719 			       " (sector = %lu)", sbi->fsinfo_sector);
1720 			goto out_fail;
1721 		}
1722 
1723 		fsinfo = (struct fat_boot_fsinfo *)fsinfo_bh->b_data;
1724 		if (!IS_FSINFO(fsinfo)) {
1725 			fat_msg(sb, KERN_WARNING, "Invalid FSINFO signature: "
1726 			       "0x%08x, 0x%08x (sector = %lu)",
1727 			       le32_to_cpu(fsinfo->signature1),
1728 			       le32_to_cpu(fsinfo->signature2),
1729 			       sbi->fsinfo_sector);
1730 		} else {
1731 			if (sbi->options.usefree)
1732 				sbi->free_clus_valid = 1;
1733 			sbi->free_clusters = le32_to_cpu(fsinfo->free_clusters);
1734 			sbi->prev_free = le32_to_cpu(fsinfo->next_cluster);
1735 		}
1736 
1737 		brelse(fsinfo_bh);
1738 	}
1739 
1740 	/* interpret volume ID as a little endian 32 bit integer */
1741 	if (is_fat32(sbi))
1742 		sbi->vol_id = bpb.fat32_vol_id;
1743 	else /* fat 16 or 12 */
1744 		sbi->vol_id = bpb.fat16_vol_id;
1745 
1746 	sbi->dir_per_block = sb->s_blocksize / sizeof(struct msdos_dir_entry);
1747 	sbi->dir_per_block_bits = ffs(sbi->dir_per_block) - 1;
1748 
1749 	sbi->dir_start = sbi->fat_start + sbi->fats * sbi->fat_length;
1750 	sbi->dir_entries = bpb.fat_dir_entries;
1751 	if (sbi->dir_entries & (sbi->dir_per_block - 1)) {
1752 		if (!silent)
1753 			fat_msg(sb, KERN_ERR, "bogus number of directory entries"
1754 			       " (%u)", sbi->dir_entries);
1755 		goto out_invalid;
1756 	}
1757 
1758 	rootdir_sectors = sbi->dir_entries
1759 		* sizeof(struct msdos_dir_entry) / sb->s_blocksize;
1760 	sbi->data_start = sbi->dir_start + rootdir_sectors;
1761 	total_sectors = bpb.fat_sectors;
1762 	if (total_sectors == 0)
1763 		total_sectors = bpb.fat_total_sect;
1764 
1765 	total_clusters = (total_sectors - sbi->data_start) / sbi->sec_per_clus;
1766 
1767 	if (!is_fat32(sbi))
1768 		sbi->fat_bits = (total_clusters > MAX_FAT12) ? 16 : 12;
1769 
1770 	/* some OSes set FAT_STATE_DIRTY and clean it on unmount. */
1771 	if (is_fat32(sbi))
1772 		sbi->dirty = bpb.fat32_state & FAT_STATE_DIRTY;
1773 	else /* fat 16 or 12 */
1774 		sbi->dirty = bpb.fat16_state & FAT_STATE_DIRTY;
1775 
1776 	/* check that FAT table does not overflow */
1777 	fat_clusters = calc_fat_clusters(sb);
1778 	total_clusters = min(total_clusters, fat_clusters - FAT_START_ENT);
1779 	if (total_clusters > max_fat(sb)) {
1780 		if (!silent)
1781 			fat_msg(sb, KERN_ERR, "count of clusters too big (%u)",
1782 			       total_clusters);
1783 		goto out_invalid;
1784 	}
1785 
1786 	sbi->max_cluster = total_clusters + FAT_START_ENT;
1787 	/* check the free_clusters, it's not necessarily correct */
1788 	if (sbi->free_clusters != -1 && sbi->free_clusters > total_clusters)
1789 		sbi->free_clusters = -1;
1790 	/* check the prev_free, it's not necessarily correct */
1791 	sbi->prev_free %= sbi->max_cluster;
1792 	if (sbi->prev_free < FAT_START_ENT)
1793 		sbi->prev_free = FAT_START_ENT;
1794 
1795 	/* set up enough so that it can read an inode */
1796 	fat_hash_init(sb);
1797 	dir_hash_init(sb);
1798 	fat_ent_access_init(sb);
1799 
1800 	/*
1801 	 * The low byte of the first FAT entry must have the same value as
1802 	 * the media field of the boot sector. But in real world, too many
1803 	 * devices are writing wrong values. So, removed that validity check.
1804 	 *
1805 	 * The removed check compared the first FAT entry to a value dependent
1806 	 * on the media field like this:
1807 	 * == (0x0F00 | media), for FAT12
1808 	 * == (0XFF00 | media), for FAT16
1809 	 * == (0x0FFFFF | media), for FAT32
1810 	 */
1811 
1812 	error = -EINVAL;
1813 	sprintf(buf, "cp%d", sbi->options.codepage);
1814 	sbi->nls_disk = load_nls(buf);
1815 	if (!sbi->nls_disk) {
1816 		fat_msg(sb, KERN_ERR, "codepage %s not found", buf);
1817 		goto out_fail;
1818 	}
1819 
1820 	/* FIXME: utf8 is using iocharset for upper/lower conversion */
1821 	if (sbi->options.isvfat) {
1822 		sbi->nls_io = load_nls(sbi->options.iocharset);
1823 		if (!sbi->nls_io) {
1824 			fat_msg(sb, KERN_ERR, "IO charset %s not found",
1825 			       sbi->options.iocharset);
1826 			goto out_fail;
1827 		}
1828 	}
1829 
1830 	error = -ENOMEM;
1831 	fat_inode = new_inode(sb);
1832 	if (!fat_inode)
1833 		goto out_fail;
1834 	fat_dummy_inode_init(fat_inode);
1835 	sbi->fat_inode = fat_inode;
1836 
1837 	fsinfo_inode = new_inode(sb);
1838 	if (!fsinfo_inode)
1839 		goto out_fail;
1840 	fat_dummy_inode_init(fsinfo_inode);
1841 	fsinfo_inode->i_ino = MSDOS_FSINFO_INO;
1842 	sbi->fsinfo_inode = fsinfo_inode;
1843 	insert_inode_hash(fsinfo_inode);
1844 
1845 	root_inode = new_inode(sb);
1846 	if (!root_inode)
1847 		goto out_fail;
1848 	root_inode->i_ino = MSDOS_ROOT_INO;
1849 	inode_set_iversion(root_inode, 1);
1850 	error = fat_read_root(root_inode);
1851 	if (error < 0) {
1852 		iput(root_inode);
1853 		goto out_fail;
1854 	}
1855 	error = -ENOMEM;
1856 	insert_inode_hash(root_inode);
1857 	fat_attach(root_inode, 0);
1858 	sb->s_root = d_make_root(root_inode);
1859 	if (!sb->s_root) {
1860 		fat_msg(sb, KERN_ERR, "get root inode failed");
1861 		goto out_fail;
1862 	}
1863 
1864 	if (sbi->options.discard) {
1865 		struct request_queue *q = bdev_get_queue(sb->s_bdev);
1866 		if (!blk_queue_discard(q))
1867 			fat_msg(sb, KERN_WARNING,
1868 					"mounting with \"discard\" option, but "
1869 					"the device does not support discard");
1870 	}
1871 
1872 	fat_set_state(sb, 1, 0);
1873 	return 0;
1874 
1875 out_invalid:
1876 	error = -EINVAL;
1877 	if (!silent)
1878 		fat_msg(sb, KERN_INFO, "Can't find a valid FAT filesystem");
1879 
1880 out_fail:
1881 	if (fsinfo_inode)
1882 		iput(fsinfo_inode);
1883 	if (fat_inode)
1884 		iput(fat_inode);
1885 	unload_nls(sbi->nls_io);
1886 	unload_nls(sbi->nls_disk);
1887 	fat_reset_iocharset(&sbi->options);
1888 	sb->s_fs_info = NULL;
1889 	kfree(sbi);
1890 	return error;
1891 }
1892 
1893 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(fat_fill_super);
1894 
1895 /*
1896  * helper function for fat_flush_inodes.  This writes both the inode
1897  * and the file data blocks, waiting for in flight data blocks before
1898  * the start of the call.  It does not wait for any io started
1899  * during the call
1900  */
1901 static int writeback_inode(struct inode *inode)
1902 {
1903 
1904 	int ret;
1905 
1906 	/* if we used wait=1, sync_inode_metadata waits for the io for the
1907 	* inode to finish.  So wait=0 is sent down to sync_inode_metadata
1908 	* and filemap_fdatawrite is used for the data blocks
1909 	*/
1910 	ret = sync_inode_metadata(inode, 0);
1911 	if (!ret)
1912 		ret = filemap_fdatawrite(inode->i_mapping);
1913 	return ret;
1914 }
1915 
1916 /*
1917  * write data and metadata corresponding to i1 and i2.  The io is
1918  * started but we do not wait for any of it to finish.
1919  *
1920  * filemap_flush is used for the block device, so if there is a dirty
1921  * page for a block already in flight, we will not wait and start the
1922  * io over again
1923  */
1924 int fat_flush_inodes(struct super_block *sb, struct inode *i1, struct inode *i2)
1925 {
1926 	int ret = 0;
1927 	if (!MSDOS_SB(sb)->options.flush)
1928 		return 0;
1929 	if (i1)
1930 		ret = writeback_inode(i1);
1931 	if (!ret && i2)
1932 		ret = writeback_inode(i2);
1933 	if (!ret) {
1934 		struct address_space *mapping = sb->s_bdev->bd_inode->i_mapping;
1935 		ret = filemap_flush(mapping);
1936 	}
1937 	return ret;
1938 }
1939 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(fat_flush_inodes);
1940 
1941 static int __init init_fat_fs(void)
1942 {
1943 	int err;
1944 
1945 	err = fat_cache_init();
1946 	if (err)
1947 		return err;
1948 
1949 	err = fat_init_inodecache();
1950 	if (err)
1951 		goto failed;
1952 
1953 	return 0;
1954 
1955 failed:
1956 	fat_cache_destroy();
1957 	return err;
1958 }
1959 
1960 static void __exit exit_fat_fs(void)
1961 {
1962 	fat_cache_destroy();
1963 	fat_destroy_inodecache();
1964 }
1965 
1966 module_init(init_fat_fs)
1967 module_exit(exit_fat_fs)
1968 
1969 MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
1970