xref: /linux/arch/arm/kernel/stacktrace.c (revision 7ae9fb1b7ecbb5d85d07857943f677fd1a559b18)
1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
2 #include <linux/export.h>
3 #include <linux/kprobes.h>
4 #include <linux/sched.h>
5 #include <linux/sched/debug.h>
6 #include <linux/stacktrace.h>
7 
8 #include <asm/sections.h>
9 #include <asm/stacktrace.h>
10 #include <asm/traps.h>
11 
12 #include "reboot.h"
13 
14 #if defined(CONFIG_FRAME_POINTER) && !defined(CONFIG_ARM_UNWIND)
15 /*
16  * Unwind the current stack frame and store the new register values in the
17  * structure passed as argument. Unwinding is equivalent to a function return,
18  * hence the new PC value rather than LR should be used for backtrace.
19  *
20  * With framepointer enabled, a simple function prologue looks like this:
21  *	mov	ip, sp
22  *	stmdb	sp!, {fp, ip, lr, pc}
23  *	sub	fp, ip, #4
24  *
25  * A simple function epilogue looks like this:
26  *	ldm	sp, {fp, sp, pc}
27  *
28  * When compiled with clang, pc and sp are not pushed. A simple function
29  * prologue looks like this when built with clang:
30  *
31  *	stmdb	{..., fp, lr}
32  *	add	fp, sp, #x
33  *	sub	sp, sp, #y
34  *
35  * A simple function epilogue looks like this when built with clang:
36  *
37  *	sub	sp, fp, #x
38  *	ldm	{..., fp, pc}
39  *
40  *
41  * Note that with framepointer enabled, even the leaf functions have the same
42  * prologue and epilogue, therefore we can ignore the LR value in this case.
43  */
44 
45 extern unsigned long call_with_stack_end;
46 
frame_pointer_check(struct stackframe * frame)47 static int frame_pointer_check(struct stackframe *frame)
48 {
49 	unsigned long high, low;
50 	unsigned long fp = frame->fp;
51 	unsigned long pc = frame->pc;
52 
53 	/*
54 	 * call_with_stack() is the only place we allow SP to jump from one
55 	 * stack to another, with FP and SP pointing to different stacks,
56 	 * skipping the FP boundary check at this point.
57 	 */
58 	if (pc >= (unsigned long)&call_with_stack &&
59 			pc < (unsigned long)&call_with_stack_end)
60 		return 0;
61 
62 	/* only go to a higher address on the stack */
63 	low = frame->sp;
64 	high = ALIGN(low, THREAD_SIZE);
65 
66 	/* check current frame pointer is within bounds */
67 #ifdef CONFIG_CC_IS_CLANG
68 	if (fp < low + 4 || fp > high - 4)
69 		return -EINVAL;
70 #else
71 	if (fp < low + 12 || fp > high - 4)
72 		return -EINVAL;
73 #endif
74 
75 	return 0;
76 }
77 
unwind_frame(struct stackframe * frame)78 int notrace unwind_frame(struct stackframe *frame)
79 {
80 	unsigned long fp = frame->fp;
81 
82 	if (frame_pointer_check(frame))
83 		return -EINVAL;
84 
85 	/*
86 	 * When we unwind through an exception stack, include the saved PC
87 	 * value into the stack trace.
88 	 */
89 	if (frame->ex_frame) {
90 		struct pt_regs *regs = (struct pt_regs *)frame->sp;
91 
92 		/*
93 		 * We check that 'regs + sizeof(struct pt_regs)' (that is,
94 		 * &regs[1]) does not exceed the bottom of the stack to avoid
95 		 * accessing data outside the task's stack. This may happen
96 		 * when frame->ex_frame is a false positive.
97 		 */
98 		if ((unsigned long)&regs[1] > ALIGN(frame->sp, THREAD_SIZE))
99 			return -EINVAL;
100 
101 		frame->pc = regs->ARM_pc;
102 		frame->ex_frame = false;
103 		return 0;
104 	}
105 
106 	/* restore the registers from the stack frame */
107 #ifdef CONFIG_CC_IS_CLANG
108 	frame->sp = frame->fp;
109 	frame->fp = READ_ONCE_NOCHECK(*(unsigned long *)(fp));
110 	frame->pc = READ_ONCE_NOCHECK(*(unsigned long *)(fp + 4));
111 #else
112 	frame->fp = READ_ONCE_NOCHECK(*(unsigned long *)(fp - 12));
113 	frame->sp = READ_ONCE_NOCHECK(*(unsigned long *)(fp - 8));
114 	frame->pc = READ_ONCE_NOCHECK(*(unsigned long *)(fp - 4));
115 #endif
116 #ifdef CONFIG_KRETPROBES
117 	if (is_kretprobe_trampoline(frame->pc))
118 		frame->pc = kretprobe_find_ret_addr(frame->tsk,
119 					(void *)frame->fp, &frame->kr_cur);
120 #endif
121 
122 	if (in_entry_text(frame->pc))
123 		frame->ex_frame = true;
124 
125 	return 0;
126 }
127 #endif
128 
walk_stackframe(struct stackframe * frame,bool (* fn)(void *,unsigned long),void * data)129 void notrace walk_stackframe(struct stackframe *frame,
130 		     bool (*fn)(void *, unsigned long), void *data)
131 {
132 	while (1) {
133 		int ret;
134 
135 		if (!fn(data, frame->pc))
136 			break;
137 		ret = unwind_frame(frame);
138 		if (ret < 0)
139 			break;
140 	}
141 }
142 EXPORT_SYMBOL(walk_stackframe);
143 
144 #ifdef CONFIG_STACKTRACE
start_stack_trace(struct stackframe * frame,struct task_struct * task,unsigned long fp,unsigned long sp,unsigned long lr,unsigned long pc)145 static void start_stack_trace(struct stackframe *frame, struct task_struct *task,
146 			      unsigned long fp, unsigned long sp,
147 			      unsigned long lr, unsigned long pc)
148 {
149 	frame->fp = fp;
150 	frame->sp = sp;
151 	frame->lr = lr;
152 	frame->pc = pc;
153 #ifdef CONFIG_KRETPROBES
154 	frame->kr_cur = NULL;
155 	frame->tsk = task;
156 #endif
157 #ifdef CONFIG_UNWINDER_FRAME_POINTER
158 	frame->ex_frame = in_entry_text(frame->pc);
159 #endif
160 }
161 
arch_stack_walk(stack_trace_consume_fn consume_entry,void * cookie,struct task_struct * task,struct pt_regs * regs)162 void arch_stack_walk(stack_trace_consume_fn consume_entry, void *cookie,
163 		     struct task_struct *task, struct pt_regs *regs)
164 {
165 	struct stackframe frame;
166 
167 	if (regs) {
168 		start_stack_trace(&frame, NULL, regs->ARM_fp, regs->ARM_sp,
169 				  regs->ARM_lr, regs->ARM_pc);
170 	} else if (task != current) {
171 #ifdef CONFIG_SMP
172 		/*
173 		 * What guarantees do we have here that 'tsk' is not
174 		 * running on another CPU?  For now, ignore it as we
175 		 * can't guarantee we won't explode.
176 		 */
177 		return;
178 #else
179 		start_stack_trace(&frame, task, thread_saved_fp(task),
180 				  thread_saved_sp(task), 0,
181 				  thread_saved_pc(task));
182 #endif
183 	} else {
184 here:
185 		start_stack_trace(&frame, task,
186 				  (unsigned long)__builtin_frame_address(0),
187 				  current_stack_pointer,
188 				  (unsigned long)__builtin_return_address(0),
189 				  (unsigned long)&&here);
190 		/* skip this function */
191 		if (unwind_frame(&frame))
192 			return;
193 	}
194 
195 	walk_stackframe(&frame, consume_entry, cookie);
196 }
197 #endif
198