xref: /linux/Documentation/sound/alsa-configuration.rst (revision 3a39d672e7f48b8d6b91a09afa4b55352773b4b5)
1==============================================================
2Advanced Linux Sound Architecture - Driver Configuration guide
3==============================================================
4
5
6Kernel Configuration
7====================
8
9To enable ALSA support you need at least to build the kernel with
10primary sound card support (``CONFIG_SOUND``).  Since ALSA can emulate
11OSS, you don't have to choose any of the OSS modules.
12
13Enable "OSS API emulation" (``CONFIG_SND_OSSEMUL``) and both OSS mixer
14and PCM supports if you want to run OSS applications with ALSA.
15
16If you want to support the WaveTable functionality on cards such as
17SB Live! then you need to enable "Sequencer support"
18(``CONFIG_SND_SEQUENCER``).
19
20To make ALSA debug messages more verbose, enable the "Verbose printk"
21and "Debug" options.  To check for memory leaks, turn on "Debug memory"
22too.  "Debug detection" will add checks for the detection of cards.
23
24Please note that all the ALSA ISA drivers support the Linux isapnp API
25(if the card supports ISA PnP).  You don't need to configure the cards
26using isapnptools.
27
28
29Module parameters
30=================
31
32The user can load modules with options. If the module supports more than
33one card and you have more than one card of the same type then you can
34specify multiple values for the option separated by commas.
35
36
37Module snd
38----------
39
40The core ALSA module.  It is used by all ALSA card drivers.
41It takes the following options which have global effects.
42
43major
44    major number for sound driver;
45    Default: 116
46cards_limit
47    limiting card index for auto-loading (1-8);
48    Default: 1;
49    For auto-loading more than one card, specify this option
50    together with snd-card-X aliases.
51slots
52    Reserve the slot index for the given driver;
53    This option takes multiple strings.
54    See `Module Autoloading Support`_ section for details.
55debug
56    Specifies the debug message level;
57    (0 = disable debug prints, 1 = normal debug messages,
58    2 = verbose debug messages);
59    This option appears only when ``CONFIG_SND_DEBUG=y``.
60    This option can be dynamically changed via sysfs
61    /sys/modules/snd/parameters/debug file.
62
63Module snd-pcm-oss
64------------------
65
66The PCM OSS emulation module.
67This module takes options which change the mapping of devices.
68
69dsp_map
70    PCM device number maps assigned to the 1st OSS device;
71    Default: 0
72adsp_map
73    PCM device number maps assigned to the 2nd OSS device;
74    Default: 1
75nonblock_open
76    Don't block opening busy PCM devices;
77    Default: 1
78
79For example, when ``dsp_map=2``, /dev/dsp will be mapped to PCM #2 of
80the card #0.  Similarly, when ``adsp_map=0``, /dev/adsp will be mapped
81to PCM #0 of the card #0.
82For changing the second or later card, specify the option with
83commas, such like ``dsp_map=0,1``.
84
85``nonblock_open`` option is used to change the behavior of the PCM
86regarding opening the device.  When this option is non-zero,
87opening a busy OSS PCM device won't be blocked but return
88immediately with EAGAIN (just like O_NONBLOCK flag).
89
90Module snd-rawmidi
91------------------
92
93This module takes options which change the mapping of devices.
94similar to those of the snd-pcm-oss module.
95
96midi_map
97    MIDI device number maps assigned to the 1st OSS device;
98    Default: 0
99amidi_map
100    MIDI device number maps assigned to the 2nd OSS device;
101    Default: 1
102
103Module snd-soc-core
104-------------------
105
106The soc core module. It is used by all ALSA card drivers.
107It takes the following options which have global effects.
108
109prealloc_buffer_size_kbytes
110    Specify prealloc buffer size in kbytes (default: 512).
111
112Common parameters for top sound card modules
113--------------------------------------------
114
115Each of top level sound card module takes the following options.
116
117index
118    index (slot #) of sound card;
119    Values: 0 through 31 or negative;
120    If nonnegative, assign that index number;
121    if negative, interpret as a bitmask of permissible indices;
122    the first free permitted index is assigned;
123    Default: -1
124id
125    card ID (identifier or name);
126    Can be up to 15 characters long;
127    Default: the card type;
128    A directory by this name is created under /proc/asound/
129    containing information about the card;
130    This ID can be used instead of the index number in
131    identifying the card
132enable
133    enable card;
134    Default: enabled, for PCI and ISA PnP cards
135
136These options are used for either specifying the order of instances or
137controlling enabling and disabling of each one of the devices if there
138are multiple devices bound with the same driver. For example, there are
139many machines which have two HD-audio controllers (one for HDMI/DP
140audio and another for onboard analog). In most cases, the second one is
141in primary usage, and people would like to assign it as the first
142appearing card. They can do it by specifying "index=1,0" module
143parameter, which will swap the assignment slots.
144
145Today, with the sound backend like PulseAudio and PipeWire which
146supports dynamic configuration, it's of little use, but that was a
147help for static configuration in the past.
148
149Module snd-adlib
150----------------
151
152Module for AdLib FM cards.
153
154port
155    port # for OPL chip
156
157This module supports multiple cards. It does not support autoprobe, so
158the port must be specified. For actual AdLib FM cards it will be 0x388.
159Note that this card does not have PCM support and no mixer; only FM
160synthesis.
161
162Make sure you have ``sbiload`` from the alsa-tools package available and,
163after loading the module, find out the assigned ALSA sequencer port
164number through ``sbiload -l``.
165
166Example output:
167::
168
169      Port     Client name                       Port name
170      64:0     OPL2 FM synth                     OPL2 FM Port
171
172Load the ``std.sb`` and ``drums.sb`` patches also supplied by ``sbiload``:
173::
174
175      sbiload -p 64:0 std.sb drums.sb
176
177If you use this driver to drive an OPL3, you can use ``std.o3`` and ``drums.o3``
178instead. To have the card produce sound, use ``aplaymidi`` from alsa-utils:
179::
180
181      aplaymidi -p 64:0 foo.mid
182
183Module snd-ad1816a
184------------------
185
186Module for sound cards based on Analog Devices AD1816A/AD1815 ISA chips.
187
188clockfreq
189    Clock frequency for AD1816A chip (default = 0, 33000Hz)
190
191This module supports multiple cards, autoprobe and PnP.
192
193Module snd-ad1848
194-----------------
195
196Module for sound cards based on AD1848/AD1847/CS4248 ISA chips.
197
198port
199    port # for AD1848 chip
200irq
201    IRQ # for AD1848  chip
202dma1
203    DMA # for AD1848 chip (0,1,3)
204
205This module supports multiple cards.  It does not support autoprobe
206thus main port must be specified!!! Other ports are optional.
207
208The power-management is supported.
209
210Module snd-ad1889
211-----------------
212
213Module for Analog Devices AD1889 chips.
214
215ac97_quirk
216    AC'97 workaround for strange hardware;
217    See the description of intel8x0 module for details.
218
219This module supports multiple cards.
220
221Module snd-ali5451
222------------------
223
224Module for ALi M5451 PCI chip.
225
226pcm_channels
227    Number of hardware channels assigned for PCM
228spdif
229    Support SPDIF I/O;
230    Default: disabled
231
232This module supports one chip and autoprobe.
233
234The power-management is supported.
235
236Module snd-als100
237-----------------
238
239Module for sound cards based on Avance Logic ALS100/ALS120 ISA chips.
240
241This module supports multiple cards, autoprobe and PnP.
242
243The power-management is supported.
244
245Module snd-als300
246-----------------
247
248Module for Avance Logic ALS300 and ALS300+
249
250This module supports multiple cards.
251
252The power-management is supported.
253
254Module snd-als4000
255------------------
256
257Module for sound cards based on Avance Logic ALS4000 PCI chip.
258
259joystick_port
260    port # for legacy joystick support;
261    0 = disabled (default), 1 = auto-detect
262
263This module supports multiple cards, autoprobe and PnP.
264
265The power-management is supported.
266
267Module snd-asihpi
268-----------------
269
270Module for AudioScience ASI soundcards
271
272enable_hpi_hwdep
273    enable HPI hwdep for AudioScience soundcard
274
275This module supports multiple cards.
276The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
277
278Module snd-atiixp
279-----------------
280
281Module for ATI IXP 150/200/250/400 AC97 controllers.
282
283ac97_clock
284    AC'97 clock (default = 48000)
285ac97_quirk
286    AC'97 workaround for strange hardware;
287    See `AC97 Quirk Option`_ section below.
288ac97_codec
289    Workaround to specify which AC'97 codec instead of probing.
290    If this works for you file a bug with your `lspci -vn` output.
291    (-2 = Force probing, -1 = Default behavior, 0-2 = Use the
292    specified codec.)
293spdif_aclink
294    S/PDIF transfer over AC-link (default = 1)
295
296This module supports one card and autoprobe.
297
298ATI IXP has two different methods to control SPDIF output.  One is
299over AC-link and another is over the "direct" SPDIF output.  The
300implementation depends on the motherboard, and you'll need to
301choose the correct one via spdif_aclink module option.
302
303The power-management is supported.
304
305Module snd-atiixp-modem
306-----------------------
307
308Module for ATI IXP 150/200/250 AC97 modem controllers.
309
310This module supports one card and autoprobe.
311
312Note: The default index value of this module is -2, i.e. the first
313slot is excluded.
314
315The power-management is supported.
316
317Module snd-au8810, snd-au8820, snd-au8830
318-----------------------------------------
319
320Module for Aureal Vortex, Vortex2 and Advantage device.
321
322pcifix
323    Control PCI workarounds;
324    0 = Disable all workarounds,
325    1 = Force the PCI latency of the Aureal card to 0xff,
326    2 = Force the Extend PCI#2 Internal Master for Efficient
327    Handling of Dummy Requests on the VIA KT133 AGP Bridge,
328    3 = Force both settings,
329    255 = Autodetect what is required (default)
330
331This module supports all ADB PCM channels, ac97 mixer, SPDIF, hardware
332EQ, mpu401, gameport. A3D and wavetable support are still in development.
333Development and reverse engineering work is being coordinated at
334https://savannah.nongnu.org/projects/openvortex/
335SPDIF output has a copy of the AC97 codec output, unless you use the
336``spdif`` pcm device, which allows raw data passthru.
337The hardware EQ hardware and SPDIF is only present in the Vortex2 and
338Advantage.
339
340Note: Some ALSA mixer applications don't handle the SPDIF sample rate
341control correctly. If you have problems regarding this, try
342another ALSA compliant mixer (alsamixer works).
343
344Module snd-azt1605
345------------------
346
347Module for Aztech Sound Galaxy soundcards based on the Aztech AZT1605
348chipset.
349
350port
351    port # for BASE (0x220,0x240,0x260,0x280)
352wss_port
353    port # for WSS (0x530,0x604,0xe80,0xf40)
354irq
355    IRQ # for WSS (7,9,10,11)
356dma1
357    DMA # for WSS playback (0,1,3)
358dma2
359    DMA # for WSS capture (0,1), -1 = disabled (default)
360mpu_port
361    port # for MPU-401 UART (0x300,0x330), -1 = disabled (default)
362mpu_irq
363    IRQ # for MPU-401 UART (3,5,7,9), -1 = disabled (default)
364fm_port
365    port # for OPL3 (0x388), -1 = disabled (default)
366
367This module supports multiple cards. It does not support autoprobe:
368``port``, ``wss_port``, ``irq`` and ``dma1`` have to be specified.
369The other values are optional.
370
371``port`` needs to match the BASE ADDRESS jumper on the card (0x220 or 0x240)
372or the value stored in the card's EEPROM for cards that have an EEPROM and
373their "CONFIG MODE" jumper set to "EEPROM SETTING". The other values can
374be chosen freely from the options enumerated above.
375
376If ``dma2`` is specified and different from ``dma1``, the card will operate in
377full-duplex mode. When ``dma1=3``, only ``dma2=0`` is valid and the only way to
378enable capture since only channels 0 and 1 are available for capture.
379
380Generic settings are ``port=0x220 wss_port=0x530 irq=10 dma1=1 dma2=0
381mpu_port=0x330 mpu_irq=9 fm_port=0x388``.
382
383Whatever IRQ and DMA channels you pick, be sure to reserve them for
384legacy ISA in your BIOS.
385
386Module snd-azt2316
387------------------
388
389Module for Aztech Sound Galaxy soundcards based on the Aztech AZT2316
390chipset.
391
392port
393    port # for BASE (0x220,0x240,0x260,0x280)
394wss_port
395    port # for WSS (0x530,0x604,0xe80,0xf40)
396irq
397    IRQ # for WSS (7,9,10,11)
398dma1
399    DMA # for WSS playback (0,1,3)
400dma2
401    DMA # for WSS capture (0,1), -1 = disabled (default)
402mpu_port
403    port # for MPU-401 UART (0x300,0x330), -1 = disabled (default)
404mpu_irq
405    IRQ # for MPU-401 UART (5,7,9,10), -1 = disabled (default)
406fm_port
407    port # for OPL3 (0x388), -1 = disabled (default)
408
409This module supports multiple cards. It does not support autoprobe:
410``port``, ``wss_port``, ``irq`` and ``dma1`` have to be specified.
411The other values are optional.
412
413``port`` needs to match the BASE ADDRESS jumper on the card (0x220 or 0x240)
414or the value stored in the card's EEPROM for cards that have an EEPROM and
415their "CONFIG MODE" jumper set to "EEPROM SETTING". The other values can
416be chosen freely from the options enumerated above.
417
418If ``dma2`` is specified and different from ``dma1``, the card will operate in
419full-duplex mode. When ``dma1=3``, only ``dma2=0`` is valid and the only way to
420enable capture since only channels 0 and 1 are available for capture.
421
422Generic settings are ``port=0x220 wss_port=0x530 irq=10 dma1=1 dma2=0
423mpu_port=0x330 mpu_irq=9 fm_port=0x388``.
424
425Whatever IRQ and DMA channels you pick, be sure to reserve them for
426legacy ISA in your BIOS.
427
428Module snd-aw2
429--------------
430
431Module for Audiowerk2 sound card
432
433This module supports multiple cards.
434
435Module snd-azt2320
436------------------
437
438Module for sound cards based on Aztech System AZT2320 ISA chip (PnP only).
439
440This module supports multiple cards, PnP and autoprobe.
441
442The power-management is supported.
443
444Module snd-azt3328
445------------------
446
447Module for sound cards based on Aztech AZF3328 PCI chip.
448
449joystick
450    Enable joystick (default off)
451
452This module supports multiple cards.
453
454Module snd-bt87x
455----------------
456
457Module for video cards based on Bt87x chips.
458
459digital_rate
460    Override the default digital rate (Hz)
461load_all
462    Load the driver even if the card model isn't known
463
464This module supports multiple cards.
465
466Note: The default index value of this module is -2, i.e. the first
467slot is excluded.
468
469Module snd-ca0106
470-----------------
471
472Module for Creative Audigy LS and SB Live 24bit
473
474This module supports multiple cards.
475
476
477Module snd-cmi8330
478------------------
479
480Module for sound cards based on C-Media CMI8330 ISA chips.
481
482isapnp
483    ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
484
485with ``isapnp=0``, the following options are available:
486
487wssport
488    port # for CMI8330 chip (WSS)
489wssirq
490    IRQ # for CMI8330 chip (WSS)
491wssdma
492    first DMA # for CMI8330 chip (WSS)
493sbport
494    port # for CMI8330 chip (SB16)
495sbirq
496    IRQ # for CMI8330 chip (SB16)
497sbdma8
498    8bit DMA # for CMI8330 chip (SB16)
499sbdma16
500    16bit DMA # for CMI8330 chip (SB16)
501fmport
502    (optional) OPL3 I/O port
503mpuport
504    (optional) MPU401 I/O port
505mpuirq
506    (optional) MPU401 irq #
507
508This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
509
510The power-management is supported.
511
512Module snd-cmipci
513-----------------
514
515Module for C-Media CMI8338/8738/8768/8770 PCI sound cards.
516
517mpu_port
518    port address of MIDI interface (8338 only):
519    0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330 = legacy port,
520    1 = integrated PCI port (default on 8738),
521    0 = disable
522fm_port
523    port address of OPL-3 FM synthesizer (8x38 only):
524    0x388 = legacy port,
525    1 = integrated PCI port (default on 8738),
526    0 = disable
527soft_ac3
528    Software-conversion of raw SPDIF packets (model 033 only) (default = 1)
529joystick_port
530    Joystick port address (0 = disable, 1 = auto-detect)
531
532This module supports autoprobe and multiple cards.
533
534The power-management is supported.
535
536Module snd-cs4231
537-----------------
538
539Module for sound cards based on CS4231 ISA chips.
540
541port
542    port # for CS4231 chip
543mpu_port
544    port # for MPU-401 UART (optional), -1 = disable
545irq
546    IRQ # for CS4231 chip
547mpu_irq
548    IRQ # for MPU-401 UART
549dma1
550    first DMA # for CS4231 chip
551dma2
552    second DMA # for CS4231 chip
553
554This module supports multiple cards. This module does not support autoprobe
555thus main port must be specified!!! Other ports are optional.
556
557The power-management is supported.
558
559Module snd-cs4236
560-----------------
561
562Module for sound cards based on CS4232/CS4232A,
563CS4235/CS4236/CS4236B/CS4237B/CS4238B/CS4239 ISA chips.
564
565isapnp
566    ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
567
568with ``isapnp=0``, the following options are available:
569
570port
571    port # for CS4236 chip (PnP setup - 0x534)
572cport
573    control port # for CS4236 chip (PnP setup - 0x120,0x210,0xf00)
574mpu_port
575    port # for MPU-401 UART (PnP setup - 0x300), -1 = disable
576fm_port
577    FM port # for CS4236 chip (PnP setup - 0x388), -1 = disable
578irq
579    IRQ # for CS4236 chip (5,7,9,11,12,15)
580mpu_irq
581    IRQ # for MPU-401 UART (9,11,12,15)
582dma1
583    first DMA # for CS4236 chip (0,1,3)
584dma2
585    second DMA # for CS4236 chip (0,1,3), -1 = disable
586
587This module supports multiple cards. This module does not support autoprobe
588(if ISA PnP is not used) thus main port and control port must be
589specified!!! Other ports are optional.
590
591The power-management is supported.
592
593This module is aliased as snd-cs4232 since it provides the old
594snd-cs4232 functionality, too.
595
596Module snd-cs4281
597-----------------
598
599Module for Cirrus Logic CS4281 soundchip.
600
601dual_codec
602    Secondary codec ID (0 = disable, default)
603
604This module supports multiple cards.
605
606The power-management is supported.
607
608Module snd-cs46xx
609-----------------
610
611Module for PCI sound cards based on CS4610/CS4612/CS4614/CS4615/CS4622/
612CS4624/CS4630/CS4280 PCI chips.
613
614external_amp
615    Force to enable external amplifier.
616thinkpad
617    Force to enable Thinkpad's CLKRUN control.
618mmap_valid
619    Support OSS mmap mode (default = 0).
620
621This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
622Usually external amp and CLKRUN controls are detected automatically
623from PCI sub vendor/device ids.  If they don't work, give the options
624above explicitly.
625
626The power-management is supported.
627
628Module snd-cs5530
629-----------------
630
631Module for Cyrix/NatSemi Geode 5530 chip.
632
633Module snd-cs5535audio
634----------------------
635
636Module for multifunction CS5535 companion PCI device
637
638The power-management is supported.
639
640Module snd-ctxfi
641----------------
642
643Module for Creative Sound Blaster X-Fi boards (20k1 / 20k2 chips)
644
645* Creative Sound Blaster X-Fi Titanium Fatal1ty Champion Series
646* Creative Sound Blaster X-Fi Titanium Fatal1ty Professional Series
647* Creative Sound Blaster X-Fi Titanium Professional Audio
648* Creative Sound Blaster X-Fi Titanium
649* Creative Sound Blaster X-Fi Elite Pro
650* Creative Sound Blaster X-Fi Platinum
651* Creative Sound Blaster X-Fi Fatal1ty
652* Creative Sound Blaster X-Fi XtremeGamer
653* Creative Sound Blaster X-Fi XtremeMusic
654
655reference_rate
656    reference sample rate, 44100 or 48000 (default)
657multiple
658    multiple to ref. sample rate, 1 or 2 (default)
659subsystem
660    override the PCI SSID for probing;
661    the value consists of SSVID << 16 | SSDID.
662    The default is zero, which means no override.
663
664This module supports multiple cards.
665
666Module snd-darla20
667------------------
668
669Module for Echoaudio Darla20
670
671This module supports multiple cards.
672The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
673
674Module snd-darla24
675------------------
676
677Module for Echoaudio Darla24
678
679This module supports multiple cards.
680The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
681
682Module snd-dt019x
683-----------------
684
685Module for Diamond Technologies DT-019X / Avance Logic ALS-007 (PnP
686only)
687
688This module supports multiple cards.  This module is enabled only with
689ISA PnP support.
690
691The power-management is supported.
692
693Module snd-dummy
694----------------
695
696Module for the dummy sound card. This "card" doesn't do any output
697or input, but you may use this module for any application which
698requires a sound card (like RealPlayer).
699
700pcm_devs
701    Number of PCM devices assigned to each card (default = 1, up to 4)
702pcm_substreams
703    Number of PCM substreams assigned to each PCM (default = 8, up to 128)
704hrtimer
705    Use hrtimer (=1, default) or system timer (=0)
706fake_buffer
707    Fake buffer allocations (default = 1)
708
709When multiple PCM devices are created, snd-dummy gives different
710behavior to each PCM device:
711* 0 = interleaved with mmap support
712* 1 = non-interleaved with mmap support
713* 2 = interleaved without mmap
714* 3 = non-interleaved without mmap
715
716As default, snd-dummy drivers doesn't allocate the real buffers
717but either ignores read/write or mmap a single dummy page to all
718buffer pages, in order to save the resources.  If your apps need
719the read/ written buffer data to be consistent, pass fake_buffer=0
720option.
721
722The power-management is supported.
723
724Module snd-echo3g
725-----------------
726
727Module for Echoaudio 3G cards (Gina3G/Layla3G)
728
729This module supports multiple cards.
730The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
731
732Module snd-emu10k1
733------------------
734
735Module for EMU10K1/EMU10k2 based PCI sound cards.
736
737* Sound Blaster Live!
738* Sound Blaster PCI 512
739* Sound Blaster Audigy
740* E-MU APS (partially supported)
741* E-MU DAS
742
743extin
744    bitmap of available external inputs for FX8010 (see below)
745extout
746    bitmap of available external outputs for FX8010 (see below)
747seq_ports
748    allocated sequencer ports (4 by default)
749max_synth_voices
750    limit of voices used for wavetable (64 by default)
751max_buffer_size
752    specifies the maximum size of wavetable/pcm buffers given in MB
753    unit.  Default value is 128.
754enable_ir
755    enable IR
756
757This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
758
759Input & Output configurations 			[extin/extout]
760* Creative Card wo/Digital out			[0x0003/0x1f03]
761* Creative Card w/Digital out			[0x0003/0x1f0f]
762* Creative Card w/Digital CD in			[0x000f/0x1f0f]
763* Creative Card wo/Digital out + LiveDrive	[0x3fc3/0x1fc3]
764* Creative Card w/Digital out + LiveDrive	[0x3fc3/0x1fcf]
765* Creative Card w/Digital CD in + LiveDrive	[0x3fcf/0x1fcf]
766* Creative Card wo/Digital out + Digital I/O 2  [0x0fc3/0x1f0f]
767* Creative Card w/Digital out + Digital I/O 2	[0x0fc3/0x1f0f]
768* Creative Card w/Digital CD in + Digital I/O 2	[0x0fcf/0x1f0f]
769* Creative Card 5.1/w Digital out + LiveDrive	[0x3fc3/0x1fff]
770* Creative Card 5.1 (c) 2003			[0x3fc3/0x7cff]
771* Creative Card all ins and outs		[0x3fff/0x7fff]
772
773The power-management is supported.
774
775Module snd-emu10k1x
776-------------------
777
778Module for Creative Emu10k1X (SB Live Dell OEM version)
779
780This module supports multiple cards.
781
782Module snd-ens1370
783------------------
784
785Module for Ensoniq AudioPCI ES1370 PCI sound cards.
786
787* SoundBlaster PCI 64
788* SoundBlaster PCI 128
789
790joystick
791    Enable joystick (default off)
792
793This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
794
795The power-management is supported.
796
797Module snd-ens1371
798------------------
799
800Module for Ensoniq AudioPCI ES1371 PCI sound cards.
801
802* SoundBlaster PCI 64
803* SoundBlaster PCI 128
804* SoundBlaster Vibra PCI
805
806joystick_port
807    port # for joystick (0x200,0x208,0x210,0x218), 0 = disable
808    (default), 1 = auto-detect
809
810This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
811
812The power-management is supported.
813
814Module snd-es1688
815-----------------
816
817Module for ESS AudioDrive ES-1688 and ES-688 sound cards.
818
819isapnp
820    ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
821mpu_port
822    port # for MPU-401 port (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330), -1 = disable (default)
823mpu_irq
824    IRQ # for MPU-401 port (5,7,9,10)
825fm_port
826    port # for OPL3 (option; share the same port as default)
827
828with ``isapnp=0``, the following additional options are available:
829
830port
831    port # for ES-1688 chip (0x220,0x240,0x260)
832irq
833    IRQ # for ES-1688 chip (5,7,9,10)
834dma8
835    DMA # for ES-1688 chip (0,1,3)
836
837This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe (without MPU-401 port)
838and PnP with the ES968 chip.
839
840Module snd-es18xx
841-----------------
842
843Module for ESS AudioDrive ES-18xx sound cards.
844
845isapnp
846    ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
847
848with ``isapnp=0``, the following options are available:
849
850port
851    port # for ES-18xx chip (0x220,0x240,0x260)
852mpu_port
853    port # for MPU-401 port (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330), -1 = disable (default)
854fm_port
855    port # for FM (optional, not used)
856irq
857    IRQ # for ES-18xx chip (5,7,9,10)
858dma1
859    first DMA # for ES-18xx chip (0,1,3)
860dma2
861    first DMA # for ES-18xx chip (0,1,3)
862
863This module supports multiple cards, ISA PnP and autoprobe (without MPU-401
864port if native ISA PnP routines are not used).
865When ``dma2`` is equal with ``dma1``, the driver works as half-duplex.
866
867The power-management is supported.
868
869Module snd-es1938
870-----------------
871
872Module for sound cards based on ESS Solo-1 (ES1938,ES1946) chips.
873
874This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
875
876The power-management is supported.
877
878Module snd-es1968
879-----------------
880
881Module for sound cards based on ESS Maestro-1/2/2E (ES1968/ES1978) chips.
882
883total_bufsize
884    total buffer size in kB (1-4096kB)
885pcm_substreams_p
886    playback channels (1-8, default=2)
887pcm_substreams_c
888    capture channels (1-8, default=0)
889clock
890    clock (0 = auto-detection)
891use_pm
892    support the power-management (0 = off, 1 = on, 2 = auto (default))
893enable_mpu
894    enable MPU401 (0 = off, 1 = on, 2 = auto (default))
895joystick
896    enable joystick (default off)
897
898This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
899
900The power-management is supported.
901
902Module snd-fm801
903----------------
904
905Module for ForteMedia FM801 based PCI sound cards.
906
907tea575x_tuner
908    Enable TEA575x tuner;
909    1 = MediaForte 256-PCS,
910    2 = MediaForte 256-PCPR,
911    3 = MediaForte 64-PCR
912    High 16-bits are video (radio) device number + 1;
913    example: 0x10002 (MediaForte 256-PCPR, device 1)
914
915This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
916
917The power-management is supported.
918
919Module snd-gina20
920-----------------
921
922Module for Echoaudio Gina20
923
924This module supports multiple cards.
925The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
926
927Module snd-gina24
928-----------------
929
930Module for Echoaudio Gina24
931
932This module supports multiple cards.
933The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
934
935Module snd-gusclassic
936---------------------
937
938Module for Gravis UltraSound Classic sound card.
939
940port
941    port # for GF1 chip (0x220,0x230,0x240,0x250,0x260)
942irq
943    IRQ # for GF1 chip (3,5,9,11,12,15)
944dma1
945    DMA # for GF1 chip (1,3,5,6,7)
946dma2
947    DMA # for GF1 chip (1,3,5,6,7,-1=disable)
948joystick_dac
949    0 to 31, (0.59V-4.52V or 0.389V-2.98V)
950voices
951    GF1 voices limit (14-32)
952pcm_voices
953    reserved PCM voices
954
955This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
956
957Module snd-gusextreme
958---------------------
959
960Module for Gravis UltraSound Extreme (Synergy ViperMax) sound card.
961
962port
963    port # for ES-1688 chip (0x220,0x230,0x240,0x250,0x260)
964gf1_port
965    port # for GF1 chip (0x210,0x220,0x230,0x240,0x250,0x260,0x270)
966mpu_port
967    port # for MPU-401 port (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330), -1 = disable
968irq
969    IRQ # for ES-1688 chip (5,7,9,10)
970gf1_irq
971    IRQ # for GF1 chip (3,5,9,11,12,15)
972mpu_irq
973    IRQ # for MPU-401 port (5,7,9,10)
974dma8
975    DMA # for ES-1688 chip (0,1,3)
976dma1
977    DMA # for GF1 chip (1,3,5,6,7)
978joystick_dac
979    0 to 31, (0.59V-4.52V or 0.389V-2.98V)
980voices
981    GF1 voices limit (14-32)
982pcm_voices
983    reserved PCM voices
984
985This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe (without MPU-401 port).
986
987Module snd-gusmax
988-----------------
989
990Module for Gravis UltraSound MAX sound card.
991
992port
993    port # for GF1 chip (0x220,0x230,0x240,0x250,0x260)
994irq
995    IRQ # for GF1 chip (3,5,9,11,12,15)
996dma1
997    DMA # for GF1 chip (1,3,5,6,7)
998dma2
999    DMA # for GF1 chip (1,3,5,6,7,-1=disable)
1000joystick_dac
1001    0 to 31, (0.59V-4.52V or 0.389V-2.98V)
1002voices
1003    GF1 voices limit (14-32)
1004pcm_voices
1005    reserved PCM voices
1006
1007This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
1008
1009Module snd-hda-intel
1010--------------------
1011
1012Module for Intel HD Audio (ICH6, ICH6M, ESB2, ICH7, ICH8, ICH9, ICH10,
1013PCH, SCH), ATI SB450, SB600, R600, RS600, RS690, RS780, RV610, RV620,
1014RV630, RV635, RV670, RV770, VIA VT8251/VT8237A, SIS966, ULI M5461
1015
1016[Multiple options for each card instance]
1017
1018model
1019    force the model name
1020position_fix
1021    Fix DMA pointer;
1022    -1 = system default: choose appropriate one per controller hardware,
1023    0 = auto: falls back to LPIB when POSBUF doesn't work,
1024    1 = use LPIB,
1025    2 = POSBUF: use position buffer,
1026    3 = VIACOMBO: VIA-specific workaround for capture,
1027    4 = COMBO: use LPIB for playback, auto for capture stream
1028    5 = SKL+: apply the delay calculation available on recent Intel chips
1029    6 = FIFO: correct the position with the fixed FIFO size, for recent AMD chips
1030probe_mask
1031    Bitmask to probe codecs (default = -1, meaning all slots);
1032    When the bit 8 (0x100) is set, the lower 8 bits are used
1033    as the "fixed" codec slots; i.e. the driver probes the
1034    slots regardless what hardware reports back
1035probe_only
1036    Only probing and no codec initialization (default=off);
1037    Useful to check the initial codec status for debugging
1038bdl_pos_adj
1039    Specifies the DMA IRQ timing delay in samples.
1040    Passing -1 will make the driver to choose the appropriate
1041    value based on the controller chip.
1042patch
1043    Specifies the early "patch" files to modify the HD-audio setup
1044    before initializing the codecs.
1045    This option is available only when ``CONFIG_SND_HDA_PATCH_LOADER=y``
1046    is set.  See hd-audio/notes.rst for details.
1047beep_mode
1048    Selects the beep registration mode (0=off, 1=on);
1049    default value is set via ``CONFIG_SND_HDA_INPUT_BEEP_MODE`` kconfig.
1050
1051[Single (global) options]
1052
1053single_cmd
1054    Use single immediate commands to communicate with codecs
1055    (for debugging only)
1056enable_msi
1057    Enable Message Signaled Interrupt (MSI) (default = off)
1058power_save
1059    Automatic power-saving timeout (in second, 0 = disable)
1060power_save_controller
1061    Reset HD-audio controller in power-saving mode (default = on)
1062pm_blacklist
1063    Enable / disable power-management deny-list (default = look up PM
1064    deny-list, 0 = skip PM deny-list, 1 = force to turn off runtime PM)
1065align_buffer_size
1066    Force rounding of buffer/period sizes to multiples of 128 bytes.
1067    This is more efficient in terms of memory access but isn't
1068    required by the HDA spec and prevents users from specifying
1069    exact period/buffer sizes. (default = on)
1070snoop
1071    Enable/disable snooping (default = on)
1072
1073This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
1074
1075See hd-audio/notes.rst for more details about HD-audio driver.
1076
1077Each codec may have a model table for different configurations.
1078If your machine isn't listed there, the default (usually minimal)
1079configuration is set up.  You can pass ``model=<name>`` option to
1080specify a certain model in such a case.  There are different
1081models depending on the codec chip.  The list of available models
1082is found in hd-audio/models.rst.
1083
1084The model name ``generic`` is treated as a special case.  When this
1085model is given, the driver uses the generic codec parser without
1086"codec-patch".  It's sometimes good for testing and debugging.
1087
1088The model option can be used also for aliasing to another PCI or codec
1089SSID.  When it's passed in the form of ``model=XXXX:YYYY`` where XXXX
1090and YYYY are the sub-vendor and sub-device IDs in hex numbers,
1091respectively, the driver will refer to that SSID as a reference to the
1092quirk table.
1093
1094If the default configuration doesn't work and one of the above
1095matches with your device, report it together with alsa-info.sh
1096output (with ``--no-upload`` option) to kernel bugzilla or alsa-devel
1097ML (see the section `Links and Addresses`_).
1098
1099``power_save`` and ``power_save_controller`` options are for power-saving
1100mode.  See powersave.rst for details.
1101
1102Note 2: If you get click noises on output, try the module option
1103``position_fix=1`` or ``2``.  ``position_fix=1`` will use the SD_LPIB
1104register value without FIFO size correction as the current
1105DMA pointer.  ``position_fix=2`` will make the driver to use
1106the position buffer instead of reading SD_LPIB register.
1107(Usually SD_LPIB register is more accurate than the
1108position buffer.)
1109
1110``position_fix=3`` is specific to VIA devices.  The position
1111of the capture stream is checked from both LPIB and POSBUF
1112values.  ``position_fix=4`` is a combination mode, using LPIB
1113for playback and POSBUF for capture.
1114
1115NB: If you get many ``azx_get_response timeout`` messages at
1116loading, it's likely a problem of interrupts (e.g. ACPI irq
1117routing).  Try to boot with options like ``pci=noacpi``.  Also, you
1118can try ``single_cmd=1`` module option.  This will switch the
1119communication method between HDA controller and codecs to the
1120single immediate commands instead of CORB/RIRB.  Basically, the
1121single command mode is provided only for BIOS, and you won't get
1122unsolicited events, too.  But, at least, this works independently
1123from the irq.  Remember this is a last resort, and should be
1124avoided as much as possible...
1125
1126MORE NOTES ON ``azx_get_response timeout`` PROBLEMS:
1127On some hardware, you may need to add a proper probe_mask option
1128to avoid the ``azx_get_response timeout`` problem above, instead.
1129This occurs when the access to non-existing or non-working codec slot
1130(likely a modem one) causes a stall of the communication via HD-audio
1131bus.  You can see which codec slots are probed by enabling
1132``CONFIG_SND_DEBUG_VERBOSE``, or simply from the file name of the codec
1133proc files.  Then limit the slots to probe by probe_mask option.
1134For example, ``probe_mask=1`` means to probe only the first slot, and
1135``probe_mask=4`` means only the third slot.
1136
1137The power-management is supported.
1138
1139Module snd-hdsp
1140---------------
1141
1142Module for RME Hammerfall DSP audio interface(s)
1143
1144This module supports multiple cards.
1145
1146Note: The firmware data can be automatically loaded via hotplug
1147when ``CONFIG_FW_LOADER`` is set.  Otherwise, you need to load
1148the firmware via hdsploader utility included in alsa-tools
1149package.
1150The firmware data is found in alsa-firmware package.
1151
1152Note: snd-page-alloc module does the job which snd-hammerfall-mem
1153module did formerly.  It will allocate the buffers in advance
1154when any HDSP cards are found.  To make the buffer
1155allocation sure, load snd-page-alloc module in the early
1156stage of boot sequence.  See `Early Buffer Allocation`_
1157section.
1158
1159Module snd-hdspm
1160----------------
1161
1162Module for RME HDSP MADI board.
1163
1164precise_ptr
1165    Enable precise pointer, or disable.
1166line_outs_monitor
1167    Send playback streams to analog outs by default.
1168enable_monitor
1169    Enable Analog Out on Channel 63/64 by default.
1170
1171See hdspm.rst for details.
1172
1173Module snd-ice1712
1174------------------
1175
1176Module for Envy24 (ICE1712) based PCI sound cards.
1177
1178* MidiMan M Audio Delta 1010
1179* MidiMan M Audio Delta 1010LT
1180* MidiMan M Audio Delta DiO 2496
1181* MidiMan M Audio Delta 66
1182* MidiMan M Audio Delta 44
1183* MidiMan M Audio Delta 410
1184* MidiMan M Audio Audiophile 2496
1185* TerraTec EWS 88MT
1186* TerraTec EWS 88D
1187* TerraTec EWX 24/96
1188* TerraTec DMX 6Fire
1189* TerraTec Phase 88
1190* Hoontech SoundTrack DSP 24
1191* Hoontech SoundTrack DSP 24 Value
1192* Hoontech SoundTrack DSP 24 Media 7.1
1193* Event Electronics, EZ8
1194* Digigram VX442
1195* Lionstracs, Mediastaton
1196* Terrasoniq TS 88
1197
1198model
1199    Use the given board model, one of the following:
1200    delta1010, dio2496, delta66, delta44, audiophile, delta410,
1201    delta1010lt, vx442, ewx2496, ews88mt, ews88mt_new, ews88d,
1202    dmx6fire, dsp24, dsp24_value, dsp24_71, ez8,
1203    phase88, mediastation
1204omni
1205    Omni I/O support for MidiMan M-Audio Delta44/66
1206cs8427_timeout
1207    reset timeout for the CS8427 chip (S/PDIF transceiver) in msec
1208    resolution, default value is 500 (0.5 sec)
1209
1210This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
1211Note: The consumer part is not used with all Envy24 based cards (for
1212example in the MidiMan Delta siree).
1213
1214Note: The supported board is detected by reading EEPROM or PCI
1215SSID (if EEPROM isn't available).  You can override the
1216model by passing ``model`` module option in case that the
1217driver isn't configured properly or you want to try another
1218type for testing.
1219
1220Module snd-ice1724
1221------------------
1222
1223Module for Envy24HT (VT/ICE1724), Envy24PT (VT1720) based PCI sound cards.
1224
1225* MidiMan M Audio Revolution 5.1
1226* MidiMan M Audio Revolution 7.1
1227* MidiMan M Audio Audiophile 192
1228* AMP Ltd AUDIO2000
1229* TerraTec Aureon 5.1 Sky
1230* TerraTec Aureon 7.1 Space
1231* TerraTec Aureon 7.1 Universe
1232* TerraTec Phase 22
1233* TerraTec Phase 28
1234* AudioTrak Prodigy 7.1
1235* AudioTrak Prodigy 7.1 LT
1236* AudioTrak Prodigy 7.1 XT
1237* AudioTrak Prodigy 7.1 HIFI
1238* AudioTrak Prodigy 7.1 HD2
1239* AudioTrak Prodigy 192
1240* Pontis MS300
1241* Albatron K8X800 Pro II
1242* Chaintech ZNF3-150
1243* Chaintech ZNF3-250
1244* Chaintech 9CJS
1245* Chaintech AV-710
1246* Shuttle SN25P
1247* Onkyo SE-90PCI
1248* Onkyo SE-200PCI
1249* ESI Juli@
1250* ESI Maya44
1251* Hercules Fortissimo IV
1252* EGO-SYS WaveTerminal 192M
1253
1254model
1255    Use the given board model, one of the following:
1256    revo51, revo71, amp2000, prodigy71, prodigy71lt,
1257    prodigy71xt, prodigy71hifi, prodigyhd2, prodigy192,
1258    juli, aureon51, aureon71, universe, ap192, k8x800,
1259    phase22, phase28, ms300, av710, se200pci, se90pci,
1260    fortissimo4, sn25p, WT192M, maya44
1261
1262This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
1263
1264Note: The supported board is detected by reading EEPROM or PCI
1265SSID (if EEPROM isn't available).  You can override the
1266model by passing ``model`` module option in case that the
1267driver isn't configured properly or you want to try another
1268type for testing.
1269
1270Module snd-indigo
1271-----------------
1272
1273Module for Echoaudio Indigo
1274
1275This module supports multiple cards.
1276The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
1277
1278Module snd-indigodj
1279-------------------
1280
1281Module for Echoaudio Indigo DJ
1282
1283This module supports multiple cards.
1284The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
1285
1286Module snd-indigoio
1287-------------------
1288
1289Module for Echoaudio Indigo IO
1290
1291This module supports multiple cards.
1292The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
1293
1294Module snd-intel8x0
1295-------------------
1296
1297Module for AC'97 motherboards from Intel and compatibles.
1298
1299* Intel i810/810E, i815, i820, i830, i84x, MX440 ICH5, ICH6, ICH7,
1300  6300ESB, ESB2
1301* SiS 7012 (SiS 735)
1302* NVidia NForce, NForce2, NForce3, MCP04, CK804 CK8, CK8S, MCP501
1303* AMD AMD768, AMD8111
1304* ALi m5455
1305
1306ac97_clock
1307    AC'97 codec clock base (0 = auto-detect)
1308ac97_quirk
1309    AC'97 workaround for strange hardware;
1310    See `AC97 Quirk Option`_ section below.
1311buggy_irq
1312    Enable workaround for buggy interrupts on some motherboards
1313    (default yes on nForce chips, otherwise off)
1314buggy_semaphore
1315    Enable workaround for hardware with buggy semaphores (e.g. on some
1316    ASUS laptops) (default off)
1317spdif_aclink
1318    Use S/PDIF over AC-link instead of direct connection from the
1319    controller chip (0 = off, 1 = on, -1 = default)
1320
1321This module supports one chip and autoprobe.
1322
1323Note: the latest driver supports auto-detection of chip clock.
1324if you still encounter too fast playback, specify the clock
1325explicitly via the module option ``ac97_clock=41194``.
1326
1327Joystick/MIDI ports are not supported by this driver.  If your
1328motherboard has these devices, use the ns558 or snd-mpu401
1329modules, respectively.
1330
1331The power-management is supported.
1332
1333Module snd-intel8x0m
1334--------------------
1335
1336Module for Intel ICH (i8x0) chipset MC97 modems.
1337
1338* Intel i810/810E, i815, i820, i830, i84x, MX440 ICH5, ICH6, ICH7
1339* SiS 7013 (SiS 735)
1340* NVidia NForce, NForce2, NForce2s, NForce3
1341* AMD AMD8111
1342* ALi m5455
1343
1344ac97_clock
1345    AC'97 codec clock base (0 = auto-detect)
1346
1347This module supports one card and autoprobe.
1348
1349Note: The default index value of this module is -2, i.e. the first
1350slot is excluded.
1351
1352The power-management is supported.
1353
1354Module snd-interwave
1355--------------------
1356
1357Module for Gravis UltraSound PnP, Dynasonic 3-D/Pro, STB Sound Rage 32
1358and other sound cards based on AMD InterWave (tm) chip.
1359
1360joystick_dac
1361    0 to 31, (0.59V-4.52V or 0.389V-2.98V)
1362midi
1363    1 = MIDI UART enable, 0 = MIDI UART disable (default)
1364pcm_voices
1365    reserved PCM voices for the synthesizer (default 2)
1366effect
1367    1 = InterWave effects enable (default 0); requires 8 voices
1368isapnp
1369    ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
1370
1371with ``isapnp=0``, the following options are available:
1372
1373port
1374    port # for InterWave chip (0x210,0x220,0x230,0x240,0x250,0x260)
1375irq
1376    IRQ # for InterWave chip (3,5,9,11,12,15)
1377dma1
1378    DMA # for InterWave chip (0,1,3,5,6,7)
1379dma2
1380    DMA # for InterWave chip (0,1,3,5,6,7,-1=disable)
1381
1382This module supports multiple cards, autoprobe and ISA PnP.
1383
1384Module snd-interwave-stb
1385------------------------
1386
1387Module for UltraSound 32-Pro (sound card from STB used by Compaq)
1388and other sound cards based on AMD InterWave (tm) chip with TEA6330T
1389circuit for extended control of bass, treble and master volume.
1390
1391joystick_dac
1392    0 to 31, (0.59V-4.52V or 0.389V-2.98V)
1393midi
1394    1 = MIDI UART enable, 0 = MIDI UART disable (default)
1395pcm_voices
1396    reserved PCM voices for the synthesizer (default 2)
1397effect
1398    1 = InterWave effects enable (default 0); requires 8 voices
1399isapnp
1400    ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
1401
1402with ``isapnp=0``, the following options are available:
1403
1404port
1405    port # for InterWave chip (0x210,0x220,0x230,0x240,0x250,0x260)
1406port_tc
1407    tone control (i2c bus) port # for TEA6330T chip (0x350,0x360,0x370,0x380)
1408irq
1409    IRQ # for InterWave chip (3,5,9,11,12,15)
1410dma1
1411    DMA # for InterWave chip (0,1,3,5,6,7)
1412dma2
1413    DMA # for InterWave chip (0,1,3,5,6,7,-1=disable)
1414
1415This module supports multiple cards, autoprobe and ISA PnP.
1416
1417Module snd-jazz16
1418-------------------
1419
1420Module for Media Vision Jazz16 chipset. The chipset consists of 3 chips:
1421MVD1216 + MVA416 + MVA514.
1422
1423port
1424    port # for SB DSP chip (0x210,0x220,0x230,0x240,0x250,0x260)
1425irq
1426    IRQ # for SB DSP chip (3,5,7,9,10,15)
1427dma8
1428    DMA # for SB DSP chip (1,3)
1429dma16
1430    DMA # for SB DSP chip (5,7)
1431mpu_port
1432    MPU-401 port # (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330)
1433mpu_irq
1434    MPU-401 irq # (2,3,5,7)
1435
1436This module supports multiple cards.
1437
1438Module snd-korg1212
1439-------------------
1440
1441Module for Korg 1212 IO PCI card
1442
1443This module supports multiple cards.
1444
1445Module snd-layla20
1446------------------
1447
1448Module for Echoaudio Layla20
1449
1450This module supports multiple cards.
1451The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
1452
1453Module snd-layla24
1454------------------
1455
1456Module for Echoaudio Layla24
1457
1458This module supports multiple cards.
1459The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
1460
1461Module snd-lola
1462---------------
1463
1464Module for Digigram Lola PCI-e boards
1465
1466This module supports multiple cards.
1467
1468Module snd-lx6464es
1469-------------------
1470
1471Module for Digigram LX6464ES boards
1472
1473This module supports multiple cards.
1474
1475Module snd-maestro3
1476-------------------
1477
1478Module for Allegro/Maestro3 chips
1479
1480external_amp
1481    enable external amp (enabled by default)
1482amp_gpio
1483    GPIO pin number for external amp (0-15) or -1 for default pin (8
1484    for allegro, 1 for others)
1485
1486This module supports autoprobe and multiple chips.
1487
1488Note: the binding of amplifier is dependent on hardware.
1489If there is no sound even though all channels are unmuted, try to
1490specify other gpio connection via amp_gpio option.
1491For example, a Panasonic notebook might need ``amp_gpio=0x0d``
1492option.
1493
1494The power-management is supported.
1495
1496Module snd-mia
1497---------------
1498
1499Module for Echoaudio Mia
1500
1501This module supports multiple cards.
1502The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
1503
1504Module snd-miro
1505---------------
1506
1507Module for Miro soundcards: miroSOUND PCM 1 pro, miroSOUND PCM 12,
1508miroSOUND PCM 20 Radio.
1509
1510port
1511    Port # (0x530,0x604,0xe80,0xf40)
1512irq
1513    IRQ # (5,7,9,10,11)
1514dma1
1515    1st dma # (0,1,3)
1516dma2
1517    2nd dma # (0,1)
1518mpu_port
1519    MPU-401 port # (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330)
1520mpu_irq
1521    MPU-401 irq # (5,7,9,10)
1522fm_port
1523    FM Port # (0x388)
1524wss
1525    enable WSS mode
1526ide
1527    enable onboard ide support
1528
1529Module snd-mixart
1530-----------------
1531
1532Module for Digigram miXart8 sound cards.
1533
1534This module supports multiple cards.
1535Note: One miXart8 board will be represented as 4 alsa cards.
1536See Documentation/sound/cards/mixart.rst for details.
1537
1538When the driver is compiled as a module and the hotplug firmware
1539is supported, the firmware data is loaded via hotplug automatically.
1540Install the necessary firmware files in alsa-firmware package.
1541When no hotplug fw loader is available, you need to load the
1542firmware via mixartloader utility in alsa-tools package.
1543
1544Module snd-mona
1545---------------
1546
1547Module for Echoaudio Mona
1548
1549This module supports multiple cards.
1550The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
1551
1552Module snd-mpu401
1553-----------------
1554
1555Module for MPU-401 UART devices.
1556
1557port
1558    port number or -1 (disable)
1559irq
1560    IRQ number or -1 (disable)
1561pnp
1562    PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
1563
1564This module supports multiple devices and PnP.
1565
1566Module snd-msnd-classic
1567-----------------------
1568
1569Module for Turtle Beach MultiSound Classic, Tahiti or Monterey
1570soundcards.
1571
1572io
1573    Port # for msnd-classic card
1574irq
1575    IRQ # for msnd-classic card
1576mem
1577    Memory address (0xb0000, 0xc8000, 0xd0000, 0xd8000, 0xe0000 or 0xe8000)
1578write_ndelay
1579    enable write ndelay (default = 1)
1580calibrate_signal
1581    calibrate signal (default = 0)
1582isapnp
1583    ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
1584digital
1585    Digital daughterboard present (default = 0)
1586cfg
1587    Config port (0x250, 0x260 or 0x270) default = PnP
1588reset
1589    Reset all devices
1590mpu_io
1591    MPU401 I/O port
1592mpu_irq
1593    MPU401 irq#
1594ide_io0
1595    IDE port #0
1596ide_io1
1597    IDE port #1
1598ide_irq
1599    IDE irq#
1600joystick_io
1601    Joystick I/O port
1602
1603The driver requires firmware files ``turtlebeach/msndinit.bin`` and
1604``turtlebeach/msndperm.bin`` in the proper firmware directory.
1605
1606See Documentation/sound/cards/multisound.sh for important information
1607about this driver.  Note that it has been discontinued, but the
1608Voyetra Turtle Beach knowledge base entry for it is still available
1609at
1610https://www.turtlebeach.com
1611
1612Module snd-msnd-pinnacle
1613------------------------
1614
1615Module for Turtle Beach MultiSound Pinnacle/Fiji soundcards.
1616
1617io
1618    Port # for pinnacle/fiji card
1619irq
1620    IRQ # for pinnalce/fiji card
1621mem
1622    Memory address (0xb0000, 0xc8000, 0xd0000, 0xd8000, 0xe0000 or 0xe8000)
1623write_ndelay
1624    enable write ndelay (default = 1)
1625calibrate_signal
1626    calibrate signal (default = 0)
1627isapnp
1628    ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
1629
1630The driver requires firmware files ``turtlebeach/pndspini.bin`` and
1631``turtlebeach/pndsperm.bin`` in the proper firmware directory.
1632
1633Module snd-mtpav
1634----------------
1635
1636Module for MOTU MidiTimePiece AV multiport MIDI (on the parallel
1637port).
1638
1639port
1640    I/O port # for MTPAV (0x378,0x278, default=0x378)
1641irq
1642    IRQ # for MTPAV (7,5, default=7)
1643hwports
1644    number of supported hardware ports, default=8.
1645
1646Module supports only 1 card.  This module has no enable option.
1647
1648Module snd-mts64
1649----------------
1650
1651Module for Ego Systems (ESI) Miditerminal 4140
1652
1653This module supports multiple devices.
1654Requires parport (``CONFIG_PARPORT``).
1655
1656Module snd-nm256
1657----------------
1658
1659Module for NeoMagic NM256AV/ZX chips
1660
1661playback_bufsize
1662    max playback frame size in kB (4-128kB)
1663capture_bufsize
1664    max capture frame size in kB (4-128kB)
1665force_ac97
1666    0 or 1 (disabled by default)
1667buffer_top
1668    specify buffer top address
1669use_cache
1670    0 or 1 (disabled by default)
1671vaio_hack
1672    alias buffer_top=0x25a800
1673reset_workaround
1674    enable AC97 RESET workaround for some laptops
1675reset_workaround2
1676    enable extended AC97 RESET workaround for some other laptops
1677
1678This module supports one chip and autoprobe.
1679
1680The power-management is supported.
1681
1682Note: on some notebooks the buffer address cannot be detected
1683automatically, or causes hang-up during initialization.
1684In such a case, specify the buffer top address explicitly via
1685the buffer_top option.
1686For example,
1687Sony F250: buffer_top=0x25a800
1688Sony F270: buffer_top=0x272800
1689The driver supports only ac97 codec.  It's possible to force
1690to initialize/use ac97 although it's not detected.  In such a
1691case, use ``force_ac97=1`` option - but *NO* guarantee whether it
1692works!
1693
1694Note: The NM256 chip can be linked internally with non-AC97
1695codecs.  This driver supports only the AC97 codec, and won't work
1696with machines with other (most likely CS423x or OPL3SAx) chips,
1697even though the device is detected in lspci.  In such a case, try
1698other drivers, e.g. snd-cs4232 or snd-opl3sa2.  Some has ISA-PnP
1699but some doesn't have ISA PnP.  You'll need to specify ``isapnp=0``
1700and proper hardware parameters in the case without ISA PnP.
1701
1702Note: some laptops need a workaround for AC97 RESET.  For the
1703known hardware like Dell Latitude LS and Sony PCG-F305, this
1704workaround is enabled automatically.  For other laptops with a
1705hard freeze, you can try ``reset_workaround=1`` option.
1706
1707Note: Dell Latitude CSx laptops have another problem regarding
1708AC97 RESET.  On these laptops, reset_workaround2 option is
1709turned on as default.  This option is worth to try if the
1710previous reset_workaround option doesn't help.
1711
1712Note: This driver is really crappy.  It's a porting from the
1713OSS driver, which is a result of black-magic reverse engineering.
1714The detection of codec will fail if the driver is loaded *after*
1715X-server as described above.  You might be able to force to load
1716the module, but it may result in hang-up.   Hence, make sure that
1717you load this module *before* X if you encounter this kind of
1718problem.
1719
1720Module snd-opl3sa2
1721------------------
1722
1723Module for Yamaha OPL3-SA2/SA3 sound cards.
1724
1725isapnp
1726    ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
1727
1728with ``isapnp=0``, the following options are available:
1729
1730port
1731    control port # for OPL3-SA chip (0x370)
1732sb_port
1733    SB port # for OPL3-SA chip (0x220,0x240)
1734wss_port
1735    WSS port # for OPL3-SA chip (0x530,0xe80,0xf40,0x604)
1736midi_port
1737    port # for MPU-401 UART (0x300,0x330), -1 = disable
1738fm_port
1739    FM port # for OPL3-SA chip (0x388), -1 = disable
1740irq
1741    IRQ # for OPL3-SA chip (5,7,9,10)
1742dma1
1743    first DMA # for Yamaha OPL3-SA chip (0,1,3)
1744dma2
1745    second DMA # for Yamaha OPL3-SA chip (0,1,3), -1 = disable
1746
1747This module supports multiple cards and ISA PnP.  It does not support
1748autoprobe (if ISA PnP is not used) thus all ports must be specified!!!
1749
1750The power-management is supported.
1751
1752Module snd-opti92x-ad1848
1753-------------------------
1754
1755Module for sound cards based on OPTi 82c92x and Analog Devices AD1848 chips.
1756Module works with OAK Mozart cards as well.
1757
1758isapnp
1759    ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
1760
1761with ``isapnp=0``, the following options are available:
1762
1763port
1764    port # for WSS chip (0x530,0xe80,0xf40,0x604)
1765mpu_port
1766    port # for MPU-401 UART (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330)
1767fm_port
1768    port # for OPL3 device (0x388)
1769irq
1770    IRQ # for WSS chip (5,7,9,10,11)
1771mpu_irq
1772    IRQ # for MPU-401 UART (5,7,9,10)
1773dma1
1774    first DMA # for WSS chip (0,1,3)
1775
1776This module supports only one card, autoprobe and PnP.
1777
1778Module snd-opti92x-cs4231
1779-------------------------
1780
1781Module for sound cards based on OPTi 82c92x and Crystal CS4231 chips.
1782
1783isapnp
1784    ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
1785
1786with ``isapnp=0``, the following options are available:
1787
1788port
1789    port # for WSS chip (0x530,0xe80,0xf40,0x604)
1790mpu_port
1791    port # for MPU-401 UART (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330)
1792fm_port
1793    port # for OPL3 device (0x388)
1794irq
1795    IRQ # for WSS chip (5,7,9,10,11)
1796mpu_irq
1797    IRQ # for MPU-401 UART (5,7,9,10)
1798dma1
1799    first DMA # for WSS chip (0,1,3)
1800dma2
1801    second DMA # for WSS chip (0,1,3)
1802
1803This module supports only one card, autoprobe and PnP.
1804
1805Module snd-opti93x
1806------------------
1807
1808Module for sound cards based on OPTi 82c93x chips.
1809
1810isapnp
1811    ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
1812
1813with ``isapnp=0``, the following options are available:
1814
1815port
1816    port # for WSS chip (0x530,0xe80,0xf40,0x604)
1817mpu_port
1818    port # for MPU-401 UART (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330)
1819fm_port
1820    port # for OPL3 device (0x388)
1821irq
1822    IRQ # for WSS chip (5,7,9,10,11)
1823mpu_irq
1824    IRQ # for MPU-401 UART (5,7,9,10)
1825dma1
1826    first DMA # for WSS chip (0,1,3)
1827dma2
1828    second DMA # for WSS chip (0,1,3)
1829
1830This module supports only one card, autoprobe and PnP.
1831
1832Module snd-oxygen
1833-----------------
1834
1835Module for sound cards based on the C-Media CMI8786/8787/8788 chip:
1836
1837* Asound A-8788
1838* Asus Xonar DG/DGX
1839* AuzenTech X-Meridian
1840* AuzenTech X-Meridian 2G
1841* Bgears b-Enspirer
1842* Club3D Theatron DTS
1843* HT-Omega Claro (plus)
1844* HT-Omega Claro halo (XT)
1845* Kuroutoshikou CMI8787-HG2PCI
1846* Razer Barracuda AC-1
1847* Sondigo Inferno
1848* TempoTec HiFier Fantasia
1849* TempoTec HiFier Serenade
1850
1851This module supports autoprobe and multiple cards.
1852
1853Module snd-pcsp
1854---------------
1855
1856Module for internal PC-Speaker.
1857
1858nopcm
1859    Disable PC-Speaker PCM sound. Only beeps remain.
1860nforce_wa
1861    enable NForce chipset workaround. Expect bad sound.
1862
1863This module supports system beeps, some kind of PCM playback and
1864even a few mixer controls.
1865
1866Module snd-pcxhr
1867----------------
1868
1869Module for Digigram PCXHR boards
1870
1871This module supports multiple cards.
1872
1873Module snd-portman2x4
1874---------------------
1875
1876Module for Midiman Portman 2x4 parallel port MIDI interface
1877
1878This module supports multiple cards.
1879
1880Module snd-powermac (on ppc only)
1881---------------------------------
1882
1883Module for PowerMac, iMac and iBook on-board soundchips
1884
1885enable_beep
1886    enable beep using PCM (enabled as default)
1887
1888Module supports autoprobe a chip.
1889
1890Note: the driver may have problems regarding endianness.
1891
1892The power-management is supported.
1893
1894Module snd-pxa2xx-ac97 (on arm only)
1895------------------------------------
1896
1897Module for AC97 driver for the Intel PXA2xx chip
1898
1899For ARM architecture only.
1900
1901The power-management is supported.
1902
1903Module snd-riptide
1904------------------
1905
1906Module for Conexant Riptide chip
1907
1908joystick_port
1909    Joystick port # (default: 0x200)
1910mpu_port
1911    MPU401 port # (default: 0x330)
1912opl3_port
1913    OPL3 port # (default: 0x388)
1914
1915This module supports multiple cards.
1916The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
1917You need to install the firmware file ``riptide.hex`` to the standard
1918firmware path (e.g. /lib/firmware).
1919
1920Module snd-rme32
1921----------------
1922
1923Module for RME Digi32, Digi32 Pro and Digi32/8 (Sek'd Prodif32,
1924Prodif96 and Prodif Gold) sound cards.
1925
1926This module supports multiple cards.
1927
1928Module snd-rme96
1929----------------
1930
1931Module for RME Digi96, Digi96/8 and Digi96/8 PRO/PAD/PST sound cards.
1932
1933This module supports multiple cards.
1934
1935Module snd-rme9652
1936------------------
1937
1938Module for RME Digi9652 (Hammerfall, Hammerfall-Light) sound cards.
1939
1940precise_ptr
1941    Enable precise pointer (doesn't work reliably). (default = 0)
1942
1943This module supports multiple cards.
1944
1945Note: snd-page-alloc module does the job which snd-hammerfall-mem
1946module did formerly.  It will allocate the buffers in advance
1947when any RME9652 cards are found.  To make the buffer
1948allocation sure, load snd-page-alloc module in the early
1949stage of boot sequence.  See `Early Buffer Allocation`_
1950section.
1951
1952Module snd-sa11xx-uda1341 (on arm only)
1953---------------------------------------
1954
1955Module for Philips UDA1341TS on Compaq iPAQ H3600 sound card.
1956
1957Module supports only one card.
1958Module has no enable and index options.
1959
1960The power-management is supported.
1961
1962Module snd-sb8
1963--------------
1964
1965Module for 8-bit SoundBlaster cards: SoundBlaster 1.0, SoundBlaster 2.0,
1966SoundBlaster Pro
1967
1968port
1969    port # for SB DSP chip (0x220,0x240,0x260)
1970irq
1971    IRQ # for SB DSP chip (5,7,9,10)
1972dma8
1973    DMA # for SB DSP chip (1,3)
1974
1975This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
1976
1977The power-management is supported.
1978
1979Module snd-sb16 and snd-sbawe
1980-----------------------------
1981
1982Module for 16-bit SoundBlaster cards: SoundBlaster 16 (PnP),
1983SoundBlaster AWE 32 (PnP), SoundBlaster AWE 64 PnP
1984
1985mic_agc
1986    Mic Auto-Gain-Control - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
1987csp
1988    ASP/CSP chip support - 0 = disable (default), 1 = enable
1989isapnp
1990    ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
1991
1992with isapnp=0, the following options are available:
1993
1994port
1995    port # for SB DSP 4.x chip (0x220,0x240,0x260)
1996mpu_port
1997    port # for MPU-401 UART (0x300,0x330), -1 = disable
1998awe_port
1999    base port # for EMU8000 synthesizer (0x620,0x640,0x660) (snd-sbawe
2000    module only)
2001irq
2002    IRQ # for SB DSP 4.x chip (5,7,9,10)
2003dma8
2004    8-bit DMA # for SB DSP 4.x chip (0,1,3)
2005dma16
2006    16-bit DMA # for SB DSP 4.x chip (5,6,7)
2007
2008This module supports multiple cards, autoprobe and ISA PnP.
2009
2010Note: To use Vibra16X cards in 16-bit half duplex mode, you must
2011disable 16bit DMA with dma16 = -1 module parameter.
2012Also, all Sound Blaster 16 type cards can operate in 16-bit
2013half duplex mode through 8-bit DMA channel by disabling their
201416-bit DMA channel.
2015
2016The power-management is supported.
2017
2018Module snd-sc6000
2019-----------------
2020
2021Module for Gallant SC-6000 soundcard and later models: SC-6600 and
2022SC-7000.
2023
2024port
2025    Port # (0x220 or 0x240)
2026mss_port
2027    MSS Port # (0x530 or 0xe80)
2028irq
2029    IRQ # (5,7,9,10,11)
2030mpu_irq
2031    MPU-401 IRQ # (5,7,9,10) ,0 - no MPU-401 irq
2032dma
2033    DMA # (1,3,0)
2034joystick
2035    Enable gameport - 0 = disable (default), 1 = enable
2036
2037This module supports multiple cards.
2038
2039This card is also known as Audio Excel DSP 16 or Zoltrix AV302.
2040
2041Module snd-sscape
2042-----------------
2043
2044Module for ENSONIQ SoundScape cards.
2045
2046port
2047    Port # (PnP setup)
2048wss_port
2049    WSS Port # (PnP setup)
2050irq
2051    IRQ # (PnP setup)
2052mpu_irq
2053    MPU-401 IRQ # (PnP setup)
2054dma
2055    DMA # (PnP setup)
2056dma2
2057    2nd DMA # (PnP setup, -1 to disable)
2058joystick
2059    Enable gameport - 0 = disable (default), 1 = enable
2060
2061This module supports multiple cards.
2062
2063The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
2064
2065Module snd-sun-amd7930 (on sparc only)
2066--------------------------------------
2067
2068Module for AMD7930 sound chips found on Sparcs.
2069
2070This module supports multiple cards.
2071
2072Module snd-sun-cs4231 (on sparc only)
2073-------------------------------------
2074
2075Module for CS4231 sound chips found on Sparcs.
2076
2077This module supports multiple cards.
2078
2079Module snd-sun-dbri (on sparc only)
2080-----------------------------------
2081
2082Module for DBRI sound chips found on Sparcs.
2083
2084This module supports multiple cards.
2085
2086Module snd-wavefront
2087--------------------
2088
2089Module for Turtle Beach Maui, Tropez and Tropez+ sound cards.
2090
2091use_cs4232_midi
2092    Use CS4232 MPU-401 interface
2093    (inaccessibly located inside your computer)
2094isapnp
2095    ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
2096
2097with isapnp=0, the following options are available:
2098
2099cs4232_pcm_port
2100    Port # for CS4232 PCM interface.
2101cs4232_pcm_irq
2102    IRQ # for CS4232 PCM interface (5,7,9,11,12,15).
2103cs4232_mpu_port
2104    Port # for CS4232 MPU-401 interface.
2105cs4232_mpu_irq
2106    IRQ # for CS4232 MPU-401 interface (9,11,12,15).
2107ics2115_port
2108    Port # for ICS2115
2109ics2115_irq
2110    IRQ # for ICS2115
2111fm_port
2112    FM OPL-3 Port #
2113dma1
2114    DMA1 # for CS4232 PCM interface.
2115dma2
2116    DMA2 # for CS4232 PCM interface.
2117
2118The below are options for wavefront_synth features:
2119
2120wf_raw
2121    Assume that we need to boot the OS (default:no);
2122    If yes, then during driver loading, the state of the board is
2123    ignored, and we reset the board and load the firmware anyway.
2124fx_raw
2125    Assume that the FX process needs help (default:yes);
2126    If false, we'll leave the FX processor in whatever state it is
2127    when the driver is loaded.  The default is to download the
2128    microprogram and associated coefficients to set it up for
2129    "default" operation, whatever that means.
2130debug_default
2131    Debug parameters for card initialization
2132wait_usecs
2133    How long to wait without sleeping, usecs (default:150);
2134    This magic number seems to give pretty optimal throughput
2135    based on my limited experimentation.
2136    If you want to play around with it and find a better value, be
2137    my guest. Remember, the idea is to get a number that causes us
2138    to just busy wait for as many WaveFront commands as possible,
2139    without coming up with a number so large that we hog the whole
2140    CPU.
2141    Specifically, with this number, out of about 134,000 status
2142    waits, only about 250 result in a sleep.
2143sleep_interval
2144    How long to sleep when waiting for reply (default: 100)
2145sleep_tries
2146    How many times to try sleeping during a wait (default: 50)
2147ospath
2148    Pathname to processed ICS2115 OS firmware (default:wavefront.os);
2149    The path name of the ISC2115 OS firmware.  In the recent
2150    version, it's handled via firmware loader framework, so it
2151    must be installed in the proper path, typically,
2152    /lib/firmware.
2153reset_time
2154    How long to wait for a reset to take effect (default:2)
2155ramcheck_time
2156    How many seconds to wait for the RAM test (default:20)
2157osrun_time
2158    How many seconds to wait for the ICS2115 OS (default:10)
2159
2160This module supports multiple cards and ISA PnP.
2161
2162Note: the firmware file ``wavefront.os`` was located in the earlier
2163version in /etc.  Now it's loaded via firmware loader, and
2164must be in the proper firmware path, such as /lib/firmware.
2165Copy (or symlink) the file appropriately if you get an error
2166regarding firmware downloading after upgrading the kernel.
2167
2168Module snd-sonicvibes
2169---------------------
2170
2171Module for S3 SonicVibes PCI sound cards.
2172* PINE Schubert 32 PCI
2173
2174reverb
2175    Reverb Enable - 1 = enable, 0 = disable (default);
2176    SoundCard must have onboard SRAM for this.
2177mge
2178    Mic Gain Enable - 1 = enable, 0 = disable (default)
2179
2180This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
2181
2182Module snd-serial-u16550
2183------------------------
2184
2185Module for UART16550A serial MIDI ports.
2186
2187port
2188    port # for UART16550A chip
2189irq
2190    IRQ # for UART16550A chip, -1 = poll mode
2191speed
2192    speed in bauds (9600,19200,38400,57600,115200)
2193    38400 = default
2194base
2195    base for divisor in bauds (57600,115200,230400,460800)
2196    115200 = default
2197outs
2198    number of MIDI ports in a serial port (1-4)
2199    1 = default
2200adaptor
2201    Type of adaptor.
2202	0 = Soundcanvas, 1 = MS-124T, 2 = MS-124W S/A,
2203	3 = MS-124W M/B, 4 = Generic
2204
2205This module supports multiple cards. This module does not support autoprobe
2206thus the main port must be specified!!! Other options are optional.
2207
2208Module snd-trident
2209------------------
2210
2211Module for Trident 4DWave DX/NX sound cards.
2212* Best Union  Miss Melody 4DWave PCI
2213* HIS  4DWave PCI
2214* Warpspeed  ONSpeed 4DWave PCI
2215* AzTech  PCI 64-Q3D
2216* Addonics  SV 750
2217* CHIC  True Sound 4Dwave
2218* Shark  Predator4D-PCI
2219* Jaton  SonicWave 4D
2220* SiS SI7018 PCI Audio
2221* Hoontech SoundTrack Digital 4DWave NX
2222
2223pcm_channels
2224    max channels (voices) reserved for PCM
2225wavetable_size
2226    max wavetable size in kB (4-?kb)
2227
2228This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
2229
2230The power-management is supported.
2231
2232Module snd-ua101
2233----------------
2234
2235Module for the Edirol UA-101/UA-1000 audio/MIDI interfaces.
2236
2237This module supports multiple devices, autoprobe and hotplugging.
2238
2239Module snd-usb-audio
2240--------------------
2241
2242Module for USB audio and USB MIDI devices.
2243
2244vid
2245    Vendor ID for the device (optional)
2246pid
2247    Product ID for the device (optional)
2248nrpacks
2249    Max. number of packets per URB (default: 8)
2250device_setup
2251    Device specific magic number (optional);
2252    Influence depends on the device
2253    Default: 0x0000
2254ignore_ctl_error
2255    Ignore any USB-controller regarding mixer interface (default: no)
2256autoclock
2257    Enable auto-clock selection for UAC2 devices (default: yes)
2258quirk_alias
2259    Quirk alias list, pass strings like ``0123abcd:5678beef``, which
2260    applies the existing quirk for the device 5678:beef to a new
2261    device 0123:abcd.
2262implicit_fb
2263    Apply the generic implicit feedback sync mode.  When this is set
2264    and the playback stream sync mode is ASYNC, the driver tries to
2265    tie an adjacent ASYNC capture stream as the implicit feedback
2266    source.  This is equivalent with quirk_flags bit 17.
2267use_vmalloc
2268    Use vmalloc() for allocations of the PCM buffers (default: yes).
2269    For architectures with non-coherent memory like ARM or MIPS, the
2270    mmap access may give inconsistent results with vmalloc'ed
2271    buffers.  If mmap is used on such architectures, turn off this
2272    option, so that the DMA-coherent buffers are allocated and used
2273    instead.
2274delayed_register
2275    The option is needed for devices that have multiple streams
2276    defined in multiple USB interfaces.  The driver may invoke
2277    registrations multiple times (once per interface) and this may
2278    lead to the insufficient device enumeration.
2279    This option receives an array of strings, and you can pass
2280    ID:INTERFACE like ``0123abcd:4`` for performing the delayed
2281    registration to the given device.  In this example, when a USB
2282    device 0123:abcd is probed, the driver waits the registration
2283    until the USB interface 4 gets probed.
2284    The driver prints a message like "Found post-registration device
2285    assignment: 1234abcd:04" for such a device, so that user can
2286    notice the need.
2287quirk_flags
2288    Contains the bit flags for various device specific workarounds.
2289    Applied to the corresponding card index.
2290
2291        * bit 0: Skip reading sample rate for devices
2292        * bit 1: Create Media Controller API entries
2293        * bit 2: Allow alignment on audio sub-slot at transfer
2294        * bit 3: Add length specifier to transfers
2295        * bit 4: Start playback stream at first in implement feedback mode
2296        * bit 5: Skip clock selector setup
2297        * bit 6: Ignore errors from clock source search
2298        * bit 7: Indicates ITF-USB DSD based DACs
2299        * bit 8: Add a delay of 20ms at each control message handling
2300        * bit 9: Add a delay of 1-2ms at each control message handling
2301        * bit 10: Add a delay of 5-6ms at each control message handling
2302        * bit 11: Add a delay of 50ms at each interface setup
2303        * bit 12: Perform sample rate validations at probe
2304        * bit 13: Disable runtime PM autosuspend
2305        * bit 14: Ignore errors for mixer access
2306        * bit 15: Support generic DSD raw U32_BE format
2307        * bit 16: Set up the interface at first like UAC1
2308        * bit 17: Apply the generic implicit feedback sync mode
2309        * bit 18: Don't apply implicit feedback sync mode
2310
2311This module supports multiple devices, autoprobe and hotplugging.
2312
2313NB: ``nrpacks`` parameter can be modified dynamically via sysfs.
2314Don't put the value over 20.  Changing via sysfs has no sanity
2315check.
2316
2317NB: ``ignore_ctl_error=1`` may help when you get an error at accessing
2318the mixer element such as URB error -22.  This happens on some
2319buggy USB device or the controller.  This workaround corresponds to
2320the ``quirk_flags`` bit 14, too.
2321
2322NB: ``quirk_alias`` option is provided only for testing / development.
2323If you want to have a proper support, contact to upstream for
2324adding the matching quirk in the driver code statically.
2325Ditto for ``quirk_flags``.  If a device is known to require specific
2326workarounds, please report to the upstream.
2327
2328Module snd-usb-caiaq
2329--------------------
2330
2331Module for caiaq UB audio interfaces,
2332
2333* Native Instruments RigKontrol2
2334* Native Instruments Kore Controller
2335* Native Instruments Audio Kontrol 1
2336* Native Instruments Audio 8 DJ
2337
2338This module supports multiple devices, autoprobe and hotplugging.
2339
2340Module snd-usb-usx2y
2341--------------------
2342
2343Module for Tascam USB US-122, US-224 and US-428 devices.
2344
2345This module supports multiple devices, autoprobe and hotplugging.
2346
2347Note: you need to load the firmware via ``usx2yloader`` utility included
2348in alsa-tools and alsa-firmware packages.
2349
2350Module snd-via82xx
2351------------------
2352
2353Module for AC'97 motherboards based on VIA 82C686A/686B, 8233, 8233A,
23548233C, 8235, 8237 (south) bridge.
2355
2356mpu_port
2357    0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330, otherwise obtain BIOS setup
2358    [VIA686A/686B only]
2359joystick
2360    Enable joystick (default off) [VIA686A/686B only]
2361ac97_clock
2362    AC'97 codec clock base (default 48000Hz)
2363dxs_support
2364    support DXS channels, 0 = auto (default), 1 = enable, 2 = disable,
2365    3 = 48k only, 4 = no VRA, 5 = enable any sample rate and different
2366    sample rates on different channels [VIA8233/C, 8235, 8237 only]
2367ac97_quirk
2368    AC'97 workaround for strange hardware;
2369    See `AC97 Quirk Option`_ section below.
2370
2371This module supports one chip and autoprobe.
2372
2373Note: on some SMP motherboards like MSI 694D the interrupts might
2374not be generated properly.  In such a case, please try to
2375set the SMP (or MPS) version on BIOS to 1.1 instead of
2376default value 1.4.  Then the interrupt number will be
2377assigned under 15. You might also upgrade your BIOS.
2378
2379Note: VIA8233/5/7 (not VIA8233A) can support DXS (direct sound)
2380channels as the first PCM.  On these channels, up to 4
2381streams can be played at the same time, and the controller
2382can perform sample rate conversion with separate rates for
2383each channel.
2384As default (``dxs_support = 0``), 48k fixed rate is chosen
2385except for the known devices since the output is often
2386noisy except for 48k on some mother boards due to the
2387bug of BIOS.
2388Please try once ``dxs_support=5`` and if it works on other
2389sample rates (e.g. 44.1kHz of mp3 playback), please let us
2390know the PCI subsystem vendor/device id's (output of
2391``lspci -nv``).
2392If ``dxs_support=5`` does not work, try ``dxs_support=4``; if it
2393doesn't work too, try dxs_support=1.  (dxs_support=1 is
2394usually for old motherboards.  The correct implemented
2395board should work with 4 or 5.)  If it still doesn't
2396work and the default setting is ok, ``dxs_support=3`` is the
2397right choice.  If the default setting doesn't work at all,
2398try ``dxs_support=2`` to disable the DXS channels.
2399In any cases, please let us know the result and the
2400subsystem vendor/device ids.  See `Links and Addresses`_
2401below.
2402
2403Note: for the MPU401 on VIA823x, use snd-mpu401 driver
2404additionally.  The mpu_port option is for VIA686 chips only.
2405
2406The power-management is supported.
2407
2408Module snd-via82xx-modem
2409------------------------
2410
2411Module for VIA82xx AC97 modem
2412
2413ac97_clock
2414    AC'97 codec clock base (default 48000Hz)
2415
2416This module supports one card and autoprobe.
2417
2418Note: The default index value of this module is -2, i.e. the first
2419slot is excluded.
2420
2421The power-management is supported.
2422
2423Module snd-virmidi
2424------------------
2425
2426Module for virtual rawmidi devices.
2427This module creates virtual rawmidi devices which communicate
2428to the corresponding ALSA sequencer ports.
2429
2430midi_devs
2431    MIDI devices # (1-4, default=4)
2432
2433This module supports multiple cards.
2434
2435Module snd-virtuoso
2436-------------------
2437
2438Module for sound cards based on the Asus AV66/AV100/AV200 chips,
2439i.e., Xonar D1, DX, D2, D2X, DS, DSX, Essence ST (Deluxe),
2440Essence STX (II), HDAV1.3 (Deluxe), and HDAV1.3 Slim.
2441
2442This module supports autoprobe and multiple cards.
2443
2444Module snd-vx222
2445----------------
2446
2447Module for Digigram VX-Pocket VX222, V222 v2 and Mic cards.
2448
2449mic
2450    Enable Microphone on V222 Mic (NYI)
2451ibl
2452    Capture IBL size. (default = 0, minimum size)
2453
2454This module supports multiple cards.
2455
2456When the driver is compiled as a module and the hotplug firmware
2457is supported, the firmware data is loaded via hotplug automatically.
2458Install the necessary firmware files in alsa-firmware package.
2459When no hotplug fw loader is available, you need to load the
2460firmware via vxloader utility in alsa-tools package.  To invoke
2461vxloader automatically, add the following to /etc/modprobe.d/alsa.conf
2462
2463::
2464
2465  install snd-vx222 /sbin/modprobe --first-time -i snd-vx222\
2466    && /usr/bin/vxloader
2467
2468(for 2.2/2.4 kernels, add ``post-install /usr/bin/vxloader`` to
2469/etc/modules.conf, instead.)
2470IBL size defines the interrupts period for PCM.  The smaller size
2471gives smaller latency but leads to more CPU consumption, too.
2472The size is usually aligned to 126.  As default (=0), the smallest
2473size is chosen.  The possible IBL values can be found in
2474/proc/asound/cardX/vx-status proc file.
2475
2476The power-management is supported.
2477
2478Module snd-vxpocket
2479-------------------
2480
2481Module for Digigram VX-Pocket VX2 and 440 PCMCIA cards.
2482
2483ibl
2484    Capture IBL size. (default = 0, minimum size)
2485
2486This module supports multiple cards.  The module is compiled only when
2487PCMCIA is supported on kernel.
2488
2489With the older 2.6.x kernel, to activate the driver via the card
2490manager, you'll need to set up /etc/pcmcia/vxpocket.conf.  See the
2491sound/pcmcia/vx/vxpocket.c.  2.6.13 or later kernel requires no
2492longer require a config file.
2493
2494When the driver is compiled as a module and the hotplug firmware
2495is supported, the firmware data is loaded via hotplug automatically.
2496Install the necessary firmware files in alsa-firmware package.
2497When no hotplug fw loader is available, you need to load the
2498firmware via vxloader utility in alsa-tools package.
2499
2500About capture IBL, see the description of snd-vx222 module.
2501
2502Note: snd-vxp440 driver is merged to snd-vxpocket driver since
2503ALSA 1.0.10.
2504
2505The power-management is supported.
2506
2507Module snd-ymfpci
2508-----------------
2509
2510Module for Yamaha PCI chips (YMF72x, YMF74x & YMF75x).
2511
2512mpu_port
2513    0x300,0x330,0x332,0x334, 0 (disable) by default,
2514    1 (auto-detect for YMF744/754 only)
2515fm_port
2516    0x388,0x398,0x3a0,0x3a8, 0 (disable) by default
2517    1 (auto-detect for YMF744/754 only)
2518joystick_port
2519    0x201,0x202,0x204,0x205, 0 (disable) by default,
2520    1 (auto-detect)
2521rear_switch
2522    enable shared rear/line-in switch (bool)
2523
2524This module supports autoprobe and multiple chips.
2525
2526The power-management is supported.
2527
2528Module snd-pdaudiocf
2529--------------------
2530
2531Module for Sound Core PDAudioCF sound card.
2532
2533The power-management is supported.
2534
2535
2536AC97 Quirk Option
2537=================
2538
2539The ac97_quirk option is used to enable/override the workaround for
2540specific devices on drivers for on-board AC'97 controllers like
2541snd-intel8x0.  Some hardware have swapped output pins between Master
2542and Headphone, or Surround (thanks to confusion of AC'97
2543specifications from version to version :-)
2544
2545The driver provides the auto-detection of known problematic devices,
2546but some might be unknown or wrongly detected.  In such a case, pass
2547the proper value with this option.
2548
2549The following strings are accepted:
2550
2551default
2552    Don't override the default setting
2553none
2554    Disable the quirk
2555hp_only
2556    Bind Master and Headphone controls as a single control
2557swap_hp
2558    Swap headphone and master controls
2559swap_surround
2560    Swap master and surround controls
2561ad_sharing
2562    For AD1985, turn on OMS bit and use headphone
2563alc_jack
2564    For ALC65x, turn on the jack sense mode
2565inv_eapd
2566    Inverted EAPD implementation
2567mute_led
2568    Bind EAPD bit for turning on/off mute LED
2569
2570For backward compatibility, the corresponding integer value -1, 0, ...
2571are  accepted, too.
2572
2573For example, if ``Master`` volume control has no effect on your device
2574but only ``Headphone`` does, pass ac97_quirk=hp_only module option.
2575
2576
2577Configuring Non-ISAPNP Cards
2578============================
2579
2580When the kernel is configured with ISA-PnP support, the modules
2581supporting the isapnp cards will have module options ``isapnp``.
2582If this option is set, *only* the ISA-PnP devices will be probed.
2583For probing the non ISA-PnP cards, you have to pass ``isapnp=0`` option
2584together with the proper i/o and irq configuration.
2585
2586When the kernel is configured without ISA-PnP support, isapnp option
2587will be not built in.
2588
2589
2590Module Autoloading Support
2591==========================
2592
2593The ALSA drivers can be loaded automatically on demand by defining
2594module aliases.  The string ``snd-card-%1`` is requested for ALSA native
2595devices where ``%i`` is sound card number from zero to seven.
2596
2597To auto-load an ALSA driver for OSS services, define the string
2598``sound-slot-%i`` where ``%i`` means the slot number for OSS, which
2599corresponds to the card index of ALSA.  Usually, define this
2600as the same card module.
2601
2602An example configuration for a single emu10k1 card is like below:
2603::
2604
2605    ----- /etc/modprobe.d/alsa.conf
2606    alias snd-card-0 snd-emu10k1
2607    alias sound-slot-0 snd-emu10k1
2608    ----- /etc/modprobe.d/alsa.conf
2609
2610The available number of auto-loaded sound cards depends on the module
2611option ``cards_limit`` of snd module.  As default it's set to 1.
2612To enable the auto-loading of multiple cards, specify the number of
2613sound cards in that option.
2614
2615When multiple cards are available, it'd better to specify the index
2616number for each card via module option, too, so that the order of
2617cards is kept consistent.
2618
2619An example configuration for two sound cards is like below:
2620::
2621
2622    ----- /etc/modprobe.d/alsa.conf
2623    # ALSA portion
2624    options snd cards_limit=2
2625    alias snd-card-0 snd-interwave
2626    alias snd-card-1 snd-ens1371
2627    options snd-interwave index=0
2628    options snd-ens1371 index=1
2629    # OSS/Free portion
2630    alias sound-slot-0 snd-interwave
2631    alias sound-slot-1 snd-ens1371
2632    ----- /etc/modprobe.d/alsa.conf
2633
2634In this example, the interwave card is always loaded as the first card
2635(index 0) and ens1371 as the second (index 1).
2636
2637Alternative (and new) way to fixate the slot assignment is to use
2638``slots`` option of snd module.  In the case above, specify like the
2639following:
2640::
2641
2642    options snd slots=snd-interwave,snd-ens1371
2643
2644Then, the first slot (#0) is reserved for snd-interwave driver, and
2645the second (#1) for snd-ens1371.  You can omit index option in each
2646driver if slots option is used (although you can still have them at
2647the same time as long as they don't conflict).
2648
2649The slots option is especially useful for avoiding the possible
2650hot-plugging and the resultant slot conflict.  For example, in the
2651case above again, the first two slots are already reserved.  If any
2652other driver (e.g. snd-usb-audio) is loaded before snd-interwave or
2653snd-ens1371, it will be assigned to the third or later slot.
2654
2655When a module name is given with '!', the slot will be given for any
2656modules but that name.  For example, ``slots=!snd-pcsp`` will reserve
2657the first slot for any modules but snd-pcsp.
2658
2659
2660ALSA PCM devices to OSS devices mapping
2661=======================================
2662::
2663
2664    /dev/snd/pcmC0D0[c|p]  -> /dev/audio0 (/dev/audio) -> minor 4
2665    /dev/snd/pcmC0D0[c|p]  -> /dev/dsp0 (/dev/dsp)     -> minor 3
2666    /dev/snd/pcmC0D1[c|p]  -> /dev/adsp0 (/dev/adsp)   -> minor 12
2667    /dev/snd/pcmC1D0[c|p]  -> /dev/audio1              -> minor 4+16 = 20
2668    /dev/snd/pcmC1D0[c|p]  -> /dev/dsp1                -> minor 3+16 = 19
2669    /dev/snd/pcmC1D1[c|p]  -> /dev/adsp1               -> minor 12+16 = 28
2670    /dev/snd/pcmC2D0[c|p]  -> /dev/audio2              -> minor 4+32 = 36
2671    /dev/snd/pcmC2D0[c|p]  -> /dev/dsp2                -> minor 3+32 = 39
2672    /dev/snd/pcmC2D1[c|p]  -> /dev/adsp2               -> minor 12+32 = 44
2673
2674The first number from ``/dev/snd/pcmC{X}D{Y}[c|p]`` expression means
2675sound card number and second means device number.  The ALSA devices
2676have either ``c`` or ``p`` suffix indicating the direction, capture and
2677playback, respectively.
2678
2679Please note that the device mapping above may be varied via the module
2680options of snd-pcm-oss module.
2681
2682
2683Proc interfaces (/proc/asound)
2684==============================
2685
2686/proc/asound/card#/pcm#[cp]/oss
2687-------------------------------
2688erase
2689    erase all additional information about OSS applications
2690
2691<app_name> <fragments> <fragment_size> [<options>]
2692    <app_name>
2693	name of application with (higher priority) or without path
2694    <fragments>
2695	 number of fragments or zero if auto
2696    <fragment_size>
2697	 size of fragment in bytes or zero if auto
2698    <options>
2699	optional parameters
2700
2701	disable
2702	    the application tries to open a pcm device for
2703	    this channel but does not want to use it.
2704	    (Cause a bug or mmap needs)
2705	    It's good for Quake etc...
2706	direct
2707	    don't use plugins
2708	block
2709	     force block mode (rvplayer)
2710	non-block
2711	    force non-block mode
2712	whole-frag
2713	    write only whole fragments (optimization affecting
2714	    playback only)
2715	no-silence
2716	    do not fill silence ahead to avoid clicks
2717	buggy-ptr
2718	    Returns the whitespace blocks in GETOPTR ioctl
2719	    instead of filled blocks
2720
2721Example:
2722::
2723
2724    echo "x11amp 128 16384" > /proc/asound/card0/pcm0p/oss
2725    echo "squake 0 0 disable" > /proc/asound/card0/pcm0c/oss
2726    echo "rvplayer 0 0 block" > /proc/asound/card0/pcm0p/oss
2727
2728
2729Early Buffer Allocation
2730=======================
2731
2732Some drivers (e.g. hdsp) require the large contiguous buffers, and
2733sometimes it's too late to find such spaces when the driver module is
2734actually loaded due to memory fragmentation.  You can pre-allocate the
2735PCM buffers by loading snd-page-alloc module and write commands to its
2736proc file in prior, for example, in the early boot stage like
2737``/etc/init.d/*.local`` scripts.
2738
2739Reading the proc file /proc/drivers/snd-page-alloc shows the current
2740usage of page allocation.  In writing, you can send the following
2741commands to the snd-page-alloc driver:
2742
2743* add VENDOR DEVICE MASK SIZE BUFFERS
2744
2745VENDOR and DEVICE are PCI vendor and device IDs.  They take
2746integer numbers (0x prefix is needed for the hex).
2747MASK is the PCI DMA mask.  Pass 0 if not restricted.
2748SIZE is the size of each buffer to allocate.  You can pass
2749k and m suffix for KB and MB.  The max number is 16MB.
2750BUFFERS is the number of buffers to allocate.  It must be greater
2751than 0.  The max number is 4.
2752
2753* erase
2754
2755This will erase the all pre-allocated buffers which are not in
2756use.
2757
2758
2759Links and Addresses
2760===================
2761
2762ALSA project homepage
2763    http://www.alsa-project.org
2764Kernel Bugzilla
2765    http://bugzilla.kernel.org/
2766ALSA Developers ML
2767    mailto:alsa-devel@alsa-project.org
2768alsa-info.sh script
2769    https://www.alsa-project.org/alsa-info.sh
2770