xref: /linux/virt/kvm/guest_memfd.c (revision bde5d79d00255db609fe9d859eef8c7b6d38b137)
1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
2 #include <linux/backing-dev.h>
3 #include <linux/falloc.h>
4 #include <linux/kvm_host.h>
5 #include <linux/pagemap.h>
6 #include <linux/anon_inodes.h>
7 
8 #include "kvm_mm.h"
9 
10 struct kvm_gmem {
11 	struct kvm *kvm;
12 	struct xarray bindings;
13 	struct list_head entry;
14 };
15 
16 /**
17  * folio_file_pfn - like folio_file_page, but return a pfn.
18  * @folio: The folio which contains this index.
19  * @index: The index we want to look up.
20  *
21  * Return: The pfn for this index.
22  */
23 static inline kvm_pfn_t folio_file_pfn(struct folio *folio, pgoff_t index)
24 {
25 	return folio_pfn(folio) + (index & (folio_nr_pages(folio) - 1));
26 }
27 
28 static int __kvm_gmem_prepare_folio(struct kvm *kvm, struct kvm_memory_slot *slot,
29 				    pgoff_t index, struct folio *folio)
30 {
31 #ifdef CONFIG_HAVE_KVM_ARCH_GMEM_PREPARE
32 	kvm_pfn_t pfn = folio_file_pfn(folio, index);
33 	gfn_t gfn = slot->base_gfn + index - slot->gmem.pgoff;
34 	int rc = kvm_arch_gmem_prepare(kvm, gfn, pfn, folio_order(folio));
35 	if (rc) {
36 		pr_warn_ratelimited("gmem: Failed to prepare folio for index %lx GFN %llx PFN %llx error %d.\n",
37 				    index, gfn, pfn, rc);
38 		return rc;
39 	}
40 #endif
41 
42 	return 0;
43 }
44 
45 static inline void kvm_gmem_mark_prepared(struct folio *folio)
46 {
47 	folio_mark_uptodate(folio);
48 }
49 
50 /*
51  * Process @folio, which contains @gfn, so that the guest can use it.
52  * The folio must be locked and the gfn must be contained in @slot.
53  * On successful return the guest sees a zero page so as to avoid
54  * leaking host data and the up-to-date flag is set.
55  */
56 static int kvm_gmem_prepare_folio(struct kvm *kvm, struct kvm_memory_slot *slot,
57 				  gfn_t gfn, struct folio *folio)
58 {
59 	unsigned long nr_pages, i;
60 	pgoff_t index;
61 	int r;
62 
63 	nr_pages = folio_nr_pages(folio);
64 	for (i = 0; i < nr_pages; i++)
65 		clear_highpage(folio_page(folio, i));
66 
67 	/*
68 	 * Preparing huge folios should always be safe, since it should
69 	 * be possible to split them later if needed.
70 	 *
71 	 * Right now the folio order is always going to be zero, but the
72 	 * code is ready for huge folios.  The only assumption is that
73 	 * the base pgoff of memslots is naturally aligned with the
74 	 * requested page order, ensuring that huge folios can also use
75 	 * huge page table entries for GPA->HPA mapping.
76 	 *
77 	 * The order will be passed when creating the guest_memfd, and
78 	 * checked when creating memslots.
79 	 */
80 	WARN_ON(!IS_ALIGNED(slot->gmem.pgoff, 1 << folio_order(folio)));
81 	index = gfn - slot->base_gfn + slot->gmem.pgoff;
82 	index = ALIGN_DOWN(index, 1 << folio_order(folio));
83 	r = __kvm_gmem_prepare_folio(kvm, slot, index, folio);
84 	if (!r)
85 		kvm_gmem_mark_prepared(folio);
86 
87 	return r;
88 }
89 
90 /*
91  * Returns a locked folio on success.  The caller is responsible for
92  * setting the up-to-date flag before the memory is mapped into the guest.
93  * There is no backing storage for the memory, so the folio will remain
94  * up-to-date until it's removed.
95  *
96  * Ignore accessed, referenced, and dirty flags.  The memory is
97  * unevictable and there is no storage to write back to.
98  */
99 static struct folio *kvm_gmem_get_folio(struct inode *inode, pgoff_t index)
100 {
101 	/* TODO: Support huge pages. */
102 	return filemap_grab_folio(inode->i_mapping, index);
103 }
104 
105 static void kvm_gmem_invalidate_begin(struct kvm_gmem *gmem, pgoff_t start,
106 				      pgoff_t end)
107 {
108 	bool flush = false, found_memslot = false;
109 	struct kvm_memory_slot *slot;
110 	struct kvm *kvm = gmem->kvm;
111 	unsigned long index;
112 
113 	xa_for_each_range(&gmem->bindings, index, slot, start, end - 1) {
114 		pgoff_t pgoff = slot->gmem.pgoff;
115 
116 		struct kvm_gfn_range gfn_range = {
117 			.start = slot->base_gfn + max(pgoff, start) - pgoff,
118 			.end = slot->base_gfn + min(pgoff + slot->npages, end) - pgoff,
119 			.slot = slot,
120 			.may_block = true,
121 		};
122 
123 		if (!found_memslot) {
124 			found_memslot = true;
125 
126 			KVM_MMU_LOCK(kvm);
127 			kvm_mmu_invalidate_begin(kvm);
128 		}
129 
130 		flush |= kvm_mmu_unmap_gfn_range(kvm, &gfn_range);
131 	}
132 
133 	if (flush)
134 		kvm_flush_remote_tlbs(kvm);
135 
136 	if (found_memslot)
137 		KVM_MMU_UNLOCK(kvm);
138 }
139 
140 static void kvm_gmem_invalidate_end(struct kvm_gmem *gmem, pgoff_t start,
141 				    pgoff_t end)
142 {
143 	struct kvm *kvm = gmem->kvm;
144 
145 	if (xa_find(&gmem->bindings, &start, end - 1, XA_PRESENT)) {
146 		KVM_MMU_LOCK(kvm);
147 		kvm_mmu_invalidate_end(kvm);
148 		KVM_MMU_UNLOCK(kvm);
149 	}
150 }
151 
152 static long kvm_gmem_punch_hole(struct inode *inode, loff_t offset, loff_t len)
153 {
154 	struct list_head *gmem_list = &inode->i_mapping->i_private_list;
155 	pgoff_t start = offset >> PAGE_SHIFT;
156 	pgoff_t end = (offset + len) >> PAGE_SHIFT;
157 	struct kvm_gmem *gmem;
158 
159 	/*
160 	 * Bindings must be stable across invalidation to ensure the start+end
161 	 * are balanced.
162 	 */
163 	filemap_invalidate_lock(inode->i_mapping);
164 
165 	list_for_each_entry(gmem, gmem_list, entry)
166 		kvm_gmem_invalidate_begin(gmem, start, end);
167 
168 	truncate_inode_pages_range(inode->i_mapping, offset, offset + len - 1);
169 
170 	list_for_each_entry(gmem, gmem_list, entry)
171 		kvm_gmem_invalidate_end(gmem, start, end);
172 
173 	filemap_invalidate_unlock(inode->i_mapping);
174 
175 	return 0;
176 }
177 
178 static long kvm_gmem_allocate(struct inode *inode, loff_t offset, loff_t len)
179 {
180 	struct address_space *mapping = inode->i_mapping;
181 	pgoff_t start, index, end;
182 	int r;
183 
184 	/* Dedicated guest is immutable by default. */
185 	if (offset + len > i_size_read(inode))
186 		return -EINVAL;
187 
188 	filemap_invalidate_lock_shared(mapping);
189 
190 	start = offset >> PAGE_SHIFT;
191 	end = (offset + len) >> PAGE_SHIFT;
192 
193 	r = 0;
194 	for (index = start; index < end; ) {
195 		struct folio *folio;
196 
197 		if (signal_pending(current)) {
198 			r = -EINTR;
199 			break;
200 		}
201 
202 		folio = kvm_gmem_get_folio(inode, index);
203 		if (IS_ERR(folio)) {
204 			r = PTR_ERR(folio);
205 			break;
206 		}
207 
208 		index = folio_next_index(folio);
209 
210 		folio_unlock(folio);
211 		folio_put(folio);
212 
213 		/* 64-bit only, wrapping the index should be impossible. */
214 		if (WARN_ON_ONCE(!index))
215 			break;
216 
217 		cond_resched();
218 	}
219 
220 	filemap_invalidate_unlock_shared(mapping);
221 
222 	return r;
223 }
224 
225 static long kvm_gmem_fallocate(struct file *file, int mode, loff_t offset,
226 			       loff_t len)
227 {
228 	int ret;
229 
230 	if (!(mode & FALLOC_FL_KEEP_SIZE))
231 		return -EOPNOTSUPP;
232 
233 	if (mode & ~(FALLOC_FL_KEEP_SIZE | FALLOC_FL_PUNCH_HOLE))
234 		return -EOPNOTSUPP;
235 
236 	if (!PAGE_ALIGNED(offset) || !PAGE_ALIGNED(len))
237 		return -EINVAL;
238 
239 	if (mode & FALLOC_FL_PUNCH_HOLE)
240 		ret = kvm_gmem_punch_hole(file_inode(file), offset, len);
241 	else
242 		ret = kvm_gmem_allocate(file_inode(file), offset, len);
243 
244 	if (!ret)
245 		file_modified(file);
246 	return ret;
247 }
248 
249 static int kvm_gmem_release(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
250 {
251 	struct kvm_gmem *gmem = file->private_data;
252 	struct kvm_memory_slot *slot;
253 	struct kvm *kvm = gmem->kvm;
254 	unsigned long index;
255 
256 	/*
257 	 * Prevent concurrent attempts to *unbind* a memslot.  This is the last
258 	 * reference to the file and thus no new bindings can be created, but
259 	 * dereferencing the slot for existing bindings needs to be protected
260 	 * against memslot updates, specifically so that unbind doesn't race
261 	 * and free the memslot (kvm_gmem_get_file() will return NULL).
262 	 */
263 	mutex_lock(&kvm->slots_lock);
264 
265 	filemap_invalidate_lock(inode->i_mapping);
266 
267 	xa_for_each(&gmem->bindings, index, slot)
268 		rcu_assign_pointer(slot->gmem.file, NULL);
269 
270 	synchronize_rcu();
271 
272 	/*
273 	 * All in-flight operations are gone and new bindings can be created.
274 	 * Zap all SPTEs pointed at by this file.  Do not free the backing
275 	 * memory, as its lifetime is associated with the inode, not the file.
276 	 */
277 	kvm_gmem_invalidate_begin(gmem, 0, -1ul);
278 	kvm_gmem_invalidate_end(gmem, 0, -1ul);
279 
280 	list_del(&gmem->entry);
281 
282 	filemap_invalidate_unlock(inode->i_mapping);
283 
284 	mutex_unlock(&kvm->slots_lock);
285 
286 	xa_destroy(&gmem->bindings);
287 	kfree(gmem);
288 
289 	kvm_put_kvm(kvm);
290 
291 	return 0;
292 }
293 
294 static inline struct file *kvm_gmem_get_file(struct kvm_memory_slot *slot)
295 {
296 	/*
297 	 * Do not return slot->gmem.file if it has already been closed;
298 	 * there might be some time between the last fput() and when
299 	 * kvm_gmem_release() clears slot->gmem.file, and you do not
300 	 * want to spin in the meanwhile.
301 	 */
302 	return get_file_active(&slot->gmem.file);
303 }
304 
305 static struct file_operations kvm_gmem_fops = {
306 	.open		= generic_file_open,
307 	.release	= kvm_gmem_release,
308 	.fallocate	= kvm_gmem_fallocate,
309 };
310 
311 void kvm_gmem_init(struct module *module)
312 {
313 	kvm_gmem_fops.owner = module;
314 }
315 
316 static int kvm_gmem_migrate_folio(struct address_space *mapping,
317 				  struct folio *dst, struct folio *src,
318 				  enum migrate_mode mode)
319 {
320 	WARN_ON_ONCE(1);
321 	return -EINVAL;
322 }
323 
324 static int kvm_gmem_error_folio(struct address_space *mapping, struct folio *folio)
325 {
326 	struct list_head *gmem_list = &mapping->i_private_list;
327 	struct kvm_gmem *gmem;
328 	pgoff_t start, end;
329 
330 	filemap_invalidate_lock_shared(mapping);
331 
332 	start = folio->index;
333 	end = start + folio_nr_pages(folio);
334 
335 	list_for_each_entry(gmem, gmem_list, entry)
336 		kvm_gmem_invalidate_begin(gmem, start, end);
337 
338 	/*
339 	 * Do not truncate the range, what action is taken in response to the
340 	 * error is userspace's decision (assuming the architecture supports
341 	 * gracefully handling memory errors).  If/when the guest attempts to
342 	 * access a poisoned page, kvm_gmem_get_pfn() will return -EHWPOISON,
343 	 * at which point KVM can either terminate the VM or propagate the
344 	 * error to userspace.
345 	 */
346 
347 	list_for_each_entry(gmem, gmem_list, entry)
348 		kvm_gmem_invalidate_end(gmem, start, end);
349 
350 	filemap_invalidate_unlock_shared(mapping);
351 
352 	return MF_DELAYED;
353 }
354 
355 #ifdef CONFIG_HAVE_KVM_ARCH_GMEM_INVALIDATE
356 static void kvm_gmem_free_folio(struct folio *folio)
357 {
358 	struct page *page = folio_page(folio, 0);
359 	kvm_pfn_t pfn = page_to_pfn(page);
360 	int order = folio_order(folio);
361 
362 	kvm_arch_gmem_invalidate(pfn, pfn + (1ul << order));
363 }
364 #endif
365 
366 static const struct address_space_operations kvm_gmem_aops = {
367 	.dirty_folio = noop_dirty_folio,
368 	.migrate_folio	= kvm_gmem_migrate_folio,
369 	.error_remove_folio = kvm_gmem_error_folio,
370 #ifdef CONFIG_HAVE_KVM_ARCH_GMEM_INVALIDATE
371 	.free_folio = kvm_gmem_free_folio,
372 #endif
373 };
374 
375 static int kvm_gmem_getattr(struct mnt_idmap *idmap, const struct path *path,
376 			    struct kstat *stat, u32 request_mask,
377 			    unsigned int query_flags)
378 {
379 	struct inode *inode = path->dentry->d_inode;
380 
381 	generic_fillattr(idmap, request_mask, inode, stat);
382 	return 0;
383 }
384 
385 static int kvm_gmem_setattr(struct mnt_idmap *idmap, struct dentry *dentry,
386 			    struct iattr *attr)
387 {
388 	return -EINVAL;
389 }
390 static const struct inode_operations kvm_gmem_iops = {
391 	.getattr	= kvm_gmem_getattr,
392 	.setattr	= kvm_gmem_setattr,
393 };
394 
395 static int __kvm_gmem_create(struct kvm *kvm, loff_t size, u64 flags)
396 {
397 	const char *anon_name = "[kvm-gmem]";
398 	struct kvm_gmem *gmem;
399 	struct inode *inode;
400 	struct file *file;
401 	int fd, err;
402 
403 	fd = get_unused_fd_flags(0);
404 	if (fd < 0)
405 		return fd;
406 
407 	gmem = kzalloc(sizeof(*gmem), GFP_KERNEL);
408 	if (!gmem) {
409 		err = -ENOMEM;
410 		goto err_fd;
411 	}
412 
413 	file = anon_inode_create_getfile(anon_name, &kvm_gmem_fops, gmem,
414 					 O_RDWR, NULL);
415 	if (IS_ERR(file)) {
416 		err = PTR_ERR(file);
417 		goto err_gmem;
418 	}
419 
420 	file->f_flags |= O_LARGEFILE;
421 
422 	inode = file->f_inode;
423 	WARN_ON(file->f_mapping != inode->i_mapping);
424 
425 	inode->i_private = (void *)(unsigned long)flags;
426 	inode->i_op = &kvm_gmem_iops;
427 	inode->i_mapping->a_ops = &kvm_gmem_aops;
428 	inode->i_mode |= S_IFREG;
429 	inode->i_size = size;
430 	mapping_set_gfp_mask(inode->i_mapping, GFP_HIGHUSER);
431 	mapping_set_inaccessible(inode->i_mapping);
432 	/* Unmovable mappings are supposed to be marked unevictable as well. */
433 	WARN_ON_ONCE(!mapping_unevictable(inode->i_mapping));
434 
435 	kvm_get_kvm(kvm);
436 	gmem->kvm = kvm;
437 	xa_init(&gmem->bindings);
438 	list_add(&gmem->entry, &inode->i_mapping->i_private_list);
439 
440 	fd_install(fd, file);
441 	return fd;
442 
443 err_gmem:
444 	kfree(gmem);
445 err_fd:
446 	put_unused_fd(fd);
447 	return err;
448 }
449 
450 int kvm_gmem_create(struct kvm *kvm, struct kvm_create_guest_memfd *args)
451 {
452 	loff_t size = args->size;
453 	u64 flags = args->flags;
454 	u64 valid_flags = 0;
455 
456 	if (flags & ~valid_flags)
457 		return -EINVAL;
458 
459 	if (size <= 0 || !PAGE_ALIGNED(size))
460 		return -EINVAL;
461 
462 	return __kvm_gmem_create(kvm, size, flags);
463 }
464 
465 int kvm_gmem_bind(struct kvm *kvm, struct kvm_memory_slot *slot,
466 		  unsigned int fd, loff_t offset)
467 {
468 	loff_t size = slot->npages << PAGE_SHIFT;
469 	unsigned long start, end;
470 	struct kvm_gmem *gmem;
471 	struct inode *inode;
472 	struct file *file;
473 	int r = -EINVAL;
474 
475 	BUILD_BUG_ON(sizeof(gfn_t) != sizeof(slot->gmem.pgoff));
476 
477 	file = fget(fd);
478 	if (!file)
479 		return -EBADF;
480 
481 	if (file->f_op != &kvm_gmem_fops)
482 		goto err;
483 
484 	gmem = file->private_data;
485 	if (gmem->kvm != kvm)
486 		goto err;
487 
488 	inode = file_inode(file);
489 
490 	if (offset < 0 || !PAGE_ALIGNED(offset) ||
491 	    offset + size > i_size_read(inode))
492 		goto err;
493 
494 	filemap_invalidate_lock(inode->i_mapping);
495 
496 	start = offset >> PAGE_SHIFT;
497 	end = start + slot->npages;
498 
499 	if (!xa_empty(&gmem->bindings) &&
500 	    xa_find(&gmem->bindings, &start, end - 1, XA_PRESENT)) {
501 		filemap_invalidate_unlock(inode->i_mapping);
502 		goto err;
503 	}
504 
505 	/*
506 	 * No synchronize_rcu() needed, any in-flight readers are guaranteed to
507 	 * be see either a NULL file or this new file, no need for them to go
508 	 * away.
509 	 */
510 	rcu_assign_pointer(slot->gmem.file, file);
511 	slot->gmem.pgoff = start;
512 
513 	xa_store_range(&gmem->bindings, start, end - 1, slot, GFP_KERNEL);
514 	filemap_invalidate_unlock(inode->i_mapping);
515 
516 	/*
517 	 * Drop the reference to the file, even on success.  The file pins KVM,
518 	 * not the other way 'round.  Active bindings are invalidated if the
519 	 * file is closed before memslots are destroyed.
520 	 */
521 	r = 0;
522 err:
523 	fput(file);
524 	return r;
525 }
526 
527 void kvm_gmem_unbind(struct kvm_memory_slot *slot)
528 {
529 	unsigned long start = slot->gmem.pgoff;
530 	unsigned long end = start + slot->npages;
531 	struct kvm_gmem *gmem;
532 	struct file *file;
533 
534 	/*
535 	 * Nothing to do if the underlying file was already closed (or is being
536 	 * closed right now), kvm_gmem_release() invalidates all bindings.
537 	 */
538 	file = kvm_gmem_get_file(slot);
539 	if (!file)
540 		return;
541 
542 	gmem = file->private_data;
543 
544 	filemap_invalidate_lock(file->f_mapping);
545 	xa_store_range(&gmem->bindings, start, end - 1, NULL, GFP_KERNEL);
546 	rcu_assign_pointer(slot->gmem.file, NULL);
547 	synchronize_rcu();
548 	filemap_invalidate_unlock(file->f_mapping);
549 
550 	fput(file);
551 }
552 
553 /* Returns a locked folio on success.  */
554 static struct folio *
555 __kvm_gmem_get_pfn(struct file *file, struct kvm_memory_slot *slot,
556 		   gfn_t gfn, kvm_pfn_t *pfn, bool *is_prepared,
557 		   int *max_order)
558 {
559 	pgoff_t index = gfn - slot->base_gfn + slot->gmem.pgoff;
560 	struct kvm_gmem *gmem = file->private_data;
561 	struct folio *folio;
562 
563 	if (file != slot->gmem.file) {
564 		WARN_ON_ONCE(slot->gmem.file);
565 		return ERR_PTR(-EFAULT);
566 	}
567 
568 	gmem = file->private_data;
569 	if (xa_load(&gmem->bindings, index) != slot) {
570 		WARN_ON_ONCE(xa_load(&gmem->bindings, index));
571 		return ERR_PTR(-EIO);
572 	}
573 
574 	folio = kvm_gmem_get_folio(file_inode(file), index);
575 	if (IS_ERR(folio))
576 		return folio;
577 
578 	if (folio_test_hwpoison(folio)) {
579 		folio_unlock(folio);
580 		folio_put(folio);
581 		return ERR_PTR(-EHWPOISON);
582 	}
583 
584 	*pfn = folio_file_pfn(folio, index);
585 	if (max_order)
586 		*max_order = 0;
587 
588 	*is_prepared = folio_test_uptodate(folio);
589 	return folio;
590 }
591 
592 int kvm_gmem_get_pfn(struct kvm *kvm, struct kvm_memory_slot *slot,
593 		     gfn_t gfn, kvm_pfn_t *pfn, int *max_order)
594 {
595 	struct file *file = kvm_gmem_get_file(slot);
596 	struct folio *folio;
597 	bool is_prepared = false;
598 	int r = 0;
599 
600 	if (!file)
601 		return -EFAULT;
602 
603 	folio = __kvm_gmem_get_pfn(file, slot, gfn, pfn, &is_prepared, max_order);
604 	if (IS_ERR(folio)) {
605 		r = PTR_ERR(folio);
606 		goto out;
607 	}
608 
609 	if (!is_prepared)
610 		r = kvm_gmem_prepare_folio(kvm, slot, gfn, folio);
611 
612 	folio_unlock(folio);
613 	if (r < 0)
614 		folio_put(folio);
615 
616 out:
617 	fput(file);
618 	return r;
619 }
620 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(kvm_gmem_get_pfn);
621 
622 #ifdef CONFIG_KVM_GENERIC_PRIVATE_MEM
623 long kvm_gmem_populate(struct kvm *kvm, gfn_t start_gfn, void __user *src, long npages,
624 		       kvm_gmem_populate_cb post_populate, void *opaque)
625 {
626 	struct file *file;
627 	struct kvm_memory_slot *slot;
628 	void __user *p;
629 
630 	int ret = 0, max_order;
631 	long i;
632 
633 	lockdep_assert_held(&kvm->slots_lock);
634 	if (npages < 0)
635 		return -EINVAL;
636 
637 	slot = gfn_to_memslot(kvm, start_gfn);
638 	if (!kvm_slot_can_be_private(slot))
639 		return -EINVAL;
640 
641 	file = kvm_gmem_get_file(slot);
642 	if (!file)
643 		return -EFAULT;
644 
645 	filemap_invalidate_lock(file->f_mapping);
646 
647 	npages = min_t(ulong, slot->npages - (start_gfn - slot->base_gfn), npages);
648 	for (i = 0; i < npages; i += (1 << max_order)) {
649 		struct folio *folio;
650 		gfn_t gfn = start_gfn + i;
651 		bool is_prepared = false;
652 		kvm_pfn_t pfn;
653 
654 		if (signal_pending(current)) {
655 			ret = -EINTR;
656 			break;
657 		}
658 
659 		folio = __kvm_gmem_get_pfn(file, slot, gfn, &pfn, &is_prepared, &max_order);
660 		if (IS_ERR(folio)) {
661 			ret = PTR_ERR(folio);
662 			break;
663 		}
664 
665 		if (is_prepared) {
666 			folio_unlock(folio);
667 			folio_put(folio);
668 			ret = -EEXIST;
669 			break;
670 		}
671 
672 		folio_unlock(folio);
673 		WARN_ON(!IS_ALIGNED(gfn, 1 << max_order) ||
674 			(npages - i) < (1 << max_order));
675 
676 		ret = -EINVAL;
677 		while (!kvm_range_has_memory_attributes(kvm, gfn, gfn + (1 << max_order),
678 							KVM_MEMORY_ATTRIBUTE_PRIVATE,
679 							KVM_MEMORY_ATTRIBUTE_PRIVATE)) {
680 			if (!max_order)
681 				goto put_folio_and_exit;
682 			max_order--;
683 		}
684 
685 		p = src ? src + i * PAGE_SIZE : NULL;
686 		ret = post_populate(kvm, gfn, pfn, p, max_order, opaque);
687 		if (!ret)
688 			kvm_gmem_mark_prepared(folio);
689 
690 put_folio_and_exit:
691 		folio_put(folio);
692 		if (ret)
693 			break;
694 	}
695 
696 	filemap_invalidate_unlock(file->f_mapping);
697 
698 	fput(file);
699 	return ret && !i ? ret : i;
700 }
701 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(kvm_gmem_populate);
702 #endif
703