xref: /linux/tools/virtio/vringh_test.c (revision d257f9bf06129613de539ea71ecea60848b662cd)
1 /* Simple test of virtio code, entirely in userpsace. */
2 #define _GNU_SOURCE
3 #include <sched.h>
4 #include <err.h>
5 #include <linux/kernel.h>
6 #include <linux/err.h>
7 #include <linux/virtio.h>
8 #include <linux/vringh.h>
9 #include <linux/virtio_ring.h>
10 #include <linux/virtio_config.h>
11 #include <linux/uaccess.h>
12 #include <sys/types.h>
13 #include <sys/stat.h>
14 #include <sys/mman.h>
15 #include <sys/wait.h>
16 #include <fcntl.h>
17 
18 #define USER_MEM (1024*1024)
19 void *__user_addr_min, *__user_addr_max;
20 void *__kmalloc_fake, *__kfree_ignore_start, *__kfree_ignore_end;
21 static u64 user_addr_offset;
22 
23 #define RINGSIZE 256
24 #define ALIGN 4096
25 
26 static bool never_notify_host(struct virtqueue *vq)
27 {
28 	abort();
29 }
30 
31 static void never_callback_guest(struct virtqueue *vq)
32 {
33 	abort();
34 }
35 
36 static bool getrange_iov(struct vringh *vrh, u64 addr, struct vringh_range *r)
37 {
38 	if (addr < (u64)(unsigned long)__user_addr_min - user_addr_offset)
39 		return false;
40 	if (addr >= (u64)(unsigned long)__user_addr_max - user_addr_offset)
41 		return false;
42 
43 	r->start = (u64)(unsigned long)__user_addr_min - user_addr_offset;
44 	r->end_incl = (u64)(unsigned long)__user_addr_max - 1 - user_addr_offset;
45 	r->offset = user_addr_offset;
46 	return true;
47 }
48 
49 /* We return single byte ranges. */
50 static bool getrange_slow(struct vringh *vrh, u64 addr, struct vringh_range *r)
51 {
52 	if (addr < (u64)(unsigned long)__user_addr_min - user_addr_offset)
53 		return false;
54 	if (addr >= (u64)(unsigned long)__user_addr_max - user_addr_offset)
55 		return false;
56 
57 	r->start = addr;
58 	r->end_incl = r->start;
59 	r->offset = user_addr_offset;
60 	return true;
61 }
62 
63 struct guest_virtio_device {
64 	struct virtio_device vdev;
65 	int to_host_fd;
66 	unsigned long notifies;
67 };
68 
69 static bool parallel_notify_host(struct virtqueue *vq)
70 {
71 	int rc;
72 	struct guest_virtio_device *gvdev;
73 
74 	gvdev = container_of(vq->vdev, struct guest_virtio_device, vdev);
75 	rc = write(gvdev->to_host_fd, "", 1);
76 	if (rc < 0)
77 		return false;
78 	gvdev->notifies++;
79 	return true;
80 }
81 
82 static bool no_notify_host(struct virtqueue *vq)
83 {
84 	return true;
85 }
86 
87 #define NUM_XFERS (10000000)
88 
89 /* We aim for two "distant" cpus. */
90 static void find_cpus(unsigned int *first, unsigned int *last)
91 {
92 	unsigned int i;
93 
94 	*first = -1U;
95 	*last = 0;
96 	for (i = 0; i < 4096; i++) {
97 		cpu_set_t set;
98 		CPU_ZERO(&set);
99 		CPU_SET(i, &set);
100 		if (sched_setaffinity(getpid(), sizeof(set), &set) == 0) {
101 			if (i < *first)
102 				*first = i;
103 			if (i > *last)
104 				*last = i;
105 		}
106 	}
107 }
108 
109 /* Opencoded version for fast mode */
110 static inline int vringh_get_head(struct vringh *vrh, u16 *head)
111 {
112 	u16 avail_idx, i;
113 	int err;
114 
115 	err = get_user(avail_idx, &vrh->vring.avail->idx);
116 	if (err)
117 		return err;
118 
119 	if (vrh->last_avail_idx == avail_idx)
120 		return 0;
121 
122 	/* Only get avail ring entries after they have been exposed by guest. */
123 	virtio_rmb(vrh->weak_barriers);
124 
125 	i = vrh->last_avail_idx & (vrh->vring.num - 1);
126 
127 	err = get_user(*head, &vrh->vring.avail->ring[i]);
128 	if (err)
129 		return err;
130 
131 	vrh->last_avail_idx++;
132 	return 1;
133 }
134 
135 static int parallel_test(u64 features,
136 			 bool (*getrange)(struct vringh *vrh,
137 					  u64 addr, struct vringh_range *r),
138 			 bool fast_vringh)
139 {
140 	void *host_map, *guest_map;
141 	int fd, mapsize, to_guest[2], to_host[2];
142 	unsigned long xfers = 0, notifies = 0, receives = 0;
143 	unsigned int first_cpu, last_cpu;
144 	cpu_set_t cpu_set;
145 	char buf[128];
146 
147 	/* Create real file to mmap. */
148 	fd = open("/tmp/vringh_test-file", O_RDWR|O_CREAT|O_TRUNC, 0600);
149 	if (fd < 0)
150 		err(1, "Opening /tmp/vringh_test-file");
151 
152 	/* Extra room at the end for some data, and indirects */
153 	mapsize = vring_size(RINGSIZE, ALIGN)
154 		+ RINGSIZE * 2 * sizeof(int)
155 		+ RINGSIZE * 6 * sizeof(struct vring_desc);
156 	mapsize = (mapsize + getpagesize() - 1) & ~(getpagesize() - 1);
157 	ftruncate(fd, mapsize);
158 
159 	/* Parent and child use separate addresses, to check our mapping logic! */
160 	host_map = mmap(NULL, mapsize, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_SHARED, fd, 0);
161 	guest_map = mmap(NULL, mapsize, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_SHARED, fd, 0);
162 
163 	pipe(to_guest);
164 	pipe(to_host);
165 
166 	CPU_ZERO(&cpu_set);
167 	find_cpus(&first_cpu, &last_cpu);
168 	printf("Using CPUS %u and %u\n", first_cpu, last_cpu);
169 	fflush(stdout);
170 
171 	if (fork() != 0) {
172 		struct vringh vrh;
173 		int status, err, rlen = 0;
174 		char rbuf[5];
175 
176 		/* We are the host: never access guest addresses! */
177 		munmap(guest_map, mapsize);
178 
179 		__user_addr_min = host_map;
180 		__user_addr_max = __user_addr_min + mapsize;
181 		user_addr_offset = host_map - guest_map;
182 		assert(user_addr_offset);
183 
184 		close(to_guest[0]);
185 		close(to_host[1]);
186 
187 		vring_init(&vrh.vring, RINGSIZE, host_map, ALIGN);
188 		vringh_init_user(&vrh, features, RINGSIZE, true,
189 				 vrh.vring.desc, vrh.vring.avail, vrh.vring.used);
190 		CPU_SET(first_cpu, &cpu_set);
191 		if (sched_setaffinity(getpid(), sizeof(cpu_set), &cpu_set))
192 			errx(1, "Could not set affinity to cpu %u", first_cpu);
193 
194 		while (xfers < NUM_XFERS) {
195 			struct iovec host_riov[2], host_wiov[2];
196 			struct vringh_iov riov, wiov;
197 			u16 head, written;
198 
199 			if (fast_vringh) {
200 				for (;;) {
201 					err = vringh_get_head(&vrh, &head);
202 					if (err != 0)
203 						break;
204 					err = vringh_need_notify_user(&vrh);
205 					if (err < 0)
206 						errx(1, "vringh_need_notify_user: %i",
207 						     err);
208 					if (err) {
209 						write(to_guest[1], "", 1);
210 						notifies++;
211 					}
212 				}
213 				if (err != 1)
214 					errx(1, "vringh_get_head");
215 				written = 0;
216 				goto complete;
217 			} else {
218 				vringh_iov_init(&riov,
219 						host_riov,
220 						ARRAY_SIZE(host_riov));
221 				vringh_iov_init(&wiov,
222 						host_wiov,
223 						ARRAY_SIZE(host_wiov));
224 
225 				err = vringh_getdesc_user(&vrh, &riov, &wiov,
226 							  getrange, &head);
227 			}
228 			if (err == 0) {
229 				err = vringh_need_notify_user(&vrh);
230 				if (err < 0)
231 					errx(1, "vringh_need_notify_user: %i",
232 					     err);
233 				if (err) {
234 					write(to_guest[1], "", 1);
235 					notifies++;
236 				}
237 
238 				if (!vringh_notify_enable_user(&vrh))
239 					continue;
240 
241 				/* Swallow all notifies at once. */
242 				if (read(to_host[0], buf, sizeof(buf)) < 1)
243 					break;
244 
245 				vringh_notify_disable_user(&vrh);
246 				receives++;
247 				continue;
248 			}
249 			if (err != 1)
250 				errx(1, "vringh_getdesc_user: %i", err);
251 
252 			/* We simply copy bytes. */
253 			if (riov.used) {
254 				rlen = vringh_iov_pull_user(&riov, rbuf,
255 							    sizeof(rbuf));
256 				if (rlen != 4)
257 					errx(1, "vringh_iov_pull_user: %i",
258 					     rlen);
259 				assert(riov.i == riov.used);
260 				written = 0;
261 			} else {
262 				err = vringh_iov_push_user(&wiov, rbuf, rlen);
263 				if (err != rlen)
264 					errx(1, "vringh_iov_push_user: %i",
265 					     err);
266 				assert(wiov.i == wiov.used);
267 				written = err;
268 			}
269 		complete:
270 			xfers++;
271 
272 			err = vringh_complete_user(&vrh, head, written);
273 			if (err != 0)
274 				errx(1, "vringh_complete_user: %i", err);
275 		}
276 
277 		err = vringh_need_notify_user(&vrh);
278 		if (err < 0)
279 			errx(1, "vringh_need_notify_user: %i", err);
280 		if (err) {
281 			write(to_guest[1], "", 1);
282 			notifies++;
283 		}
284 		wait(&status);
285 		if (!WIFEXITED(status))
286 			errx(1, "Child died with signal %i?", WTERMSIG(status));
287 		if (WEXITSTATUS(status) != 0)
288 			errx(1, "Child exited %i?", WEXITSTATUS(status));
289 		printf("Host: notified %lu, pinged %lu\n", notifies, receives);
290 		return 0;
291 	} else {
292 		struct guest_virtio_device gvdev;
293 		struct virtqueue *vq;
294 		unsigned int *data;
295 		struct vring_desc *indirects;
296 		unsigned int finished = 0;
297 
298 		/* We pass sg[]s pointing into here, but we need RINGSIZE+1 */
299 		data = guest_map + vring_size(RINGSIZE, ALIGN);
300 		indirects = (void *)data + (RINGSIZE + 1) * 2 * sizeof(int);
301 
302 		/* We are the guest. */
303 		munmap(host_map, mapsize);
304 
305 		close(to_guest[1]);
306 		close(to_host[0]);
307 
308 		gvdev.vdev.features = features;
309 		gvdev.to_host_fd = to_host[1];
310 		gvdev.notifies = 0;
311 
312 		CPU_SET(first_cpu, &cpu_set);
313 		if (sched_setaffinity(getpid(), sizeof(cpu_set), &cpu_set))
314 			err(1, "Could not set affinity to cpu %u", first_cpu);
315 
316 		vq = vring_new_virtqueue(0, RINGSIZE, ALIGN, &gvdev.vdev, true,
317 					 false, guest_map,
318 					 fast_vringh ? no_notify_host
319 					 : parallel_notify_host,
320 					 never_callback_guest, "guest vq");
321 
322 		/* Don't kfree indirects. */
323 		__kfree_ignore_start = indirects;
324 		__kfree_ignore_end = indirects + RINGSIZE * 6;
325 
326 		while (xfers < NUM_XFERS) {
327 			struct scatterlist sg[4];
328 			unsigned int num_sg, len;
329 			int *dbuf, err;
330 			bool output = !(xfers % 2);
331 
332 			/* Consume bufs. */
333 			while ((dbuf = virtqueue_get_buf(vq, &len)) != NULL) {
334 				if (len == 4)
335 					assert(*dbuf == finished - 1);
336 				else if (!fast_vringh)
337 					assert(*dbuf == finished);
338 				finished++;
339 			}
340 
341 			/* Produce a buffer. */
342 			dbuf = data + (xfers % (RINGSIZE + 1));
343 
344 			if (output)
345 				*dbuf = xfers;
346 			else
347 				*dbuf = -1;
348 
349 			switch ((xfers / sizeof(*dbuf)) % 4) {
350 			case 0:
351 				/* Nasty three-element sg list. */
352 				sg_init_table(sg, num_sg = 3);
353 				sg_set_buf(&sg[0], (void *)dbuf, 1);
354 				sg_set_buf(&sg[1], (void *)dbuf + 1, 2);
355 				sg_set_buf(&sg[2], (void *)dbuf + 3, 1);
356 				break;
357 			case 1:
358 				sg_init_table(sg, num_sg = 2);
359 				sg_set_buf(&sg[0], (void *)dbuf, 1);
360 				sg_set_buf(&sg[1], (void *)dbuf + 1, 3);
361 				break;
362 			case 2:
363 				sg_init_table(sg, num_sg = 1);
364 				sg_set_buf(&sg[0], (void *)dbuf, 4);
365 				break;
366 			case 3:
367 				sg_init_table(sg, num_sg = 4);
368 				sg_set_buf(&sg[0], (void *)dbuf, 1);
369 				sg_set_buf(&sg[1], (void *)dbuf + 1, 1);
370 				sg_set_buf(&sg[2], (void *)dbuf + 2, 1);
371 				sg_set_buf(&sg[3], (void *)dbuf + 3, 1);
372 				break;
373 			}
374 
375 			/* May allocate an indirect, so force it to allocate
376 			 * user addr */
377 			__kmalloc_fake = indirects + (xfers % RINGSIZE) * 4;
378 			if (output)
379 				err = virtqueue_add_outbuf(vq, sg, num_sg, dbuf,
380 							   GFP_KERNEL);
381 			else
382 				err = virtqueue_add_inbuf(vq, sg, num_sg,
383 							  dbuf, GFP_KERNEL);
384 
385 			if (err == -ENOSPC) {
386 				if (!virtqueue_enable_cb_delayed(vq))
387 					continue;
388 				/* Swallow all notifies at once. */
389 				if (read(to_guest[0], buf, sizeof(buf)) < 1)
390 					break;
391 
392 				receives++;
393 				virtqueue_disable_cb(vq);
394 				continue;
395 			}
396 
397 			if (err)
398 				errx(1, "virtqueue_add_in/outbuf: %i", err);
399 
400 			xfers++;
401 			virtqueue_kick(vq);
402 		}
403 
404 		/* Any extra? */
405 		while (finished != xfers) {
406 			int *dbuf;
407 			unsigned int len;
408 
409 			/* Consume bufs. */
410 			dbuf = virtqueue_get_buf(vq, &len);
411 			if (dbuf) {
412 				if (len == 4)
413 					assert(*dbuf == finished - 1);
414 				else
415 					assert(len == 0);
416 				finished++;
417 				continue;
418 			}
419 
420 			if (!virtqueue_enable_cb_delayed(vq))
421 				continue;
422 			if (read(to_guest[0], buf, sizeof(buf)) < 1)
423 				break;
424 
425 			receives++;
426 			virtqueue_disable_cb(vq);
427 		}
428 
429 		printf("Guest: notified %lu, pinged %lu\n",
430 		       gvdev.notifies, receives);
431 		vring_del_virtqueue(vq);
432 		return 0;
433 	}
434 }
435 
436 int main(int argc, char *argv[])
437 {
438 	struct virtio_device vdev;
439 	struct virtqueue *vq;
440 	struct vringh vrh;
441 	struct scatterlist guest_sg[RINGSIZE], *sgs[2];
442 	struct iovec host_riov[2], host_wiov[2];
443 	struct vringh_iov riov, wiov;
444 	struct vring_used_elem used[RINGSIZE];
445 	char buf[28];
446 	u16 head;
447 	int err;
448 	unsigned i;
449 	void *ret;
450 	bool (*getrange)(struct vringh *vrh, u64 addr, struct vringh_range *r);
451 	bool fast_vringh = false, parallel = false;
452 
453 	getrange = getrange_iov;
454 	vdev.features = 0;
455 
456 	while (argv[1]) {
457 		if (strcmp(argv[1], "--indirect") == 0)
458 			__virtio_set_bit(&vdev, VIRTIO_RING_F_INDIRECT_DESC);
459 		else if (strcmp(argv[1], "--eventidx") == 0)
460 			__virtio_set_bit(&vdev, VIRTIO_RING_F_EVENT_IDX);
461 		else if (strcmp(argv[1], "--virtio-1") == 0)
462 			__virtio_set_bit(&vdev, VIRTIO_F_VERSION_1);
463 		else if (strcmp(argv[1], "--slow-range") == 0)
464 			getrange = getrange_slow;
465 		else if (strcmp(argv[1], "--fast-vringh") == 0)
466 			fast_vringh = true;
467 		else if (strcmp(argv[1], "--parallel") == 0)
468 			parallel = true;
469 		else
470 			errx(1, "Unknown arg %s", argv[1]);
471 		argv++;
472 	}
473 
474 	if (parallel)
475 		return parallel_test(vdev.features, getrange, fast_vringh);
476 
477 	if (posix_memalign(&__user_addr_min, PAGE_SIZE, USER_MEM) != 0)
478 		abort();
479 	__user_addr_max = __user_addr_min + USER_MEM;
480 	memset(__user_addr_min, 0, vring_size(RINGSIZE, ALIGN));
481 
482 	/* Set up guest side. */
483 	vq = vring_new_virtqueue(0, RINGSIZE, ALIGN, &vdev, true, false,
484 				 __user_addr_min,
485 				 never_notify_host, never_callback_guest,
486 				 "guest vq");
487 
488 	/* Set up host side. */
489 	vring_init(&vrh.vring, RINGSIZE, __user_addr_min, ALIGN);
490 	vringh_init_user(&vrh, vdev.features, RINGSIZE, true,
491 			 vrh.vring.desc, vrh.vring.avail, vrh.vring.used);
492 
493 	/* No descriptor to get yet... */
494 	err = vringh_getdesc_user(&vrh, &riov, &wiov, getrange, &head);
495 	if (err != 0)
496 		errx(1, "vringh_getdesc_user: %i", err);
497 
498 	/* Guest puts in a descriptor. */
499 	memcpy(__user_addr_max - 1, "a", 1);
500 	sg_init_table(guest_sg, 1);
501 	sg_set_buf(&guest_sg[0], __user_addr_max - 1, 1);
502 	sg_init_table(guest_sg+1, 1);
503 	sg_set_buf(&guest_sg[1], __user_addr_max - 3, 2);
504 	sgs[0] = &guest_sg[0];
505 	sgs[1] = &guest_sg[1];
506 
507 	/* May allocate an indirect, so force it to allocate user addr */
508 	__kmalloc_fake = __user_addr_min + vring_size(RINGSIZE, ALIGN);
509 	err = virtqueue_add_sgs(vq, sgs, 1, 1, &err, GFP_KERNEL);
510 	if (err)
511 		errx(1, "virtqueue_add_sgs: %i", err);
512 	__kmalloc_fake = NULL;
513 
514 	/* Host retreives it. */
515 	vringh_iov_init(&riov, host_riov, ARRAY_SIZE(host_riov));
516 	vringh_iov_init(&wiov, host_wiov, ARRAY_SIZE(host_wiov));
517 
518 	err = vringh_getdesc_user(&vrh, &riov, &wiov, getrange, &head);
519 	if (err != 1)
520 		errx(1, "vringh_getdesc_user: %i", err);
521 
522 	assert(riov.used == 1);
523 	assert(riov.iov[0].iov_base == __user_addr_max - 1);
524 	assert(riov.iov[0].iov_len == 1);
525 	if (getrange != getrange_slow) {
526 		assert(wiov.used == 1);
527 		assert(wiov.iov[0].iov_base == __user_addr_max - 3);
528 		assert(wiov.iov[0].iov_len == 2);
529 	} else {
530 		assert(wiov.used == 2);
531 		assert(wiov.iov[0].iov_base == __user_addr_max - 3);
532 		assert(wiov.iov[0].iov_len == 1);
533 		assert(wiov.iov[1].iov_base == __user_addr_max - 2);
534 		assert(wiov.iov[1].iov_len == 1);
535 	}
536 
537 	err = vringh_iov_pull_user(&riov, buf, 5);
538 	if (err != 1)
539 		errx(1, "vringh_iov_pull_user: %i", err);
540 	assert(buf[0] == 'a');
541 	assert(riov.i == 1);
542 	assert(vringh_iov_pull_user(&riov, buf, 5) == 0);
543 
544 	memcpy(buf, "bcdef", 5);
545 	err = vringh_iov_push_user(&wiov, buf, 5);
546 	if (err != 2)
547 		errx(1, "vringh_iov_push_user: %i", err);
548 	assert(memcmp(__user_addr_max - 3, "bc", 2) == 0);
549 	assert(wiov.i == wiov.used);
550 	assert(vringh_iov_push_user(&wiov, buf, 5) == 0);
551 
552 	/* Host is done. */
553 	err = vringh_complete_user(&vrh, head, err);
554 	if (err != 0)
555 		errx(1, "vringh_complete_user: %i", err);
556 
557 	/* Guest should see used token now. */
558 	__kfree_ignore_start = __user_addr_min + vring_size(RINGSIZE, ALIGN);
559 	__kfree_ignore_end = __kfree_ignore_start + 1;
560 	ret = virtqueue_get_buf(vq, &i);
561 	if (ret != &err)
562 		errx(1, "virtqueue_get_buf: %p", ret);
563 	assert(i == 2);
564 
565 	/* Guest puts in a huge descriptor. */
566 	sg_init_table(guest_sg, RINGSIZE);
567 	for (i = 0; i < RINGSIZE; i++) {
568 		sg_set_buf(&guest_sg[i],
569 			   __user_addr_max - USER_MEM/4, USER_MEM/4);
570 	}
571 
572 	/* Fill contents with recognisable garbage. */
573 	for (i = 0; i < USER_MEM/4; i++)
574 		((char *)__user_addr_max - USER_MEM/4)[i] = i;
575 
576 	/* This will allocate an indirect, so force it to allocate user addr */
577 	__kmalloc_fake = __user_addr_min + vring_size(RINGSIZE, ALIGN);
578 	err = virtqueue_add_outbuf(vq, guest_sg, RINGSIZE, &err, GFP_KERNEL);
579 	if (err)
580 		errx(1, "virtqueue_add_outbuf (large): %i", err);
581 	__kmalloc_fake = NULL;
582 
583 	/* Host picks it up (allocates new iov). */
584 	vringh_iov_init(&riov, host_riov, ARRAY_SIZE(host_riov));
585 	vringh_iov_init(&wiov, host_wiov, ARRAY_SIZE(host_wiov));
586 
587 	err = vringh_getdesc_user(&vrh, &riov, &wiov, getrange, &head);
588 	if (err != 1)
589 		errx(1, "vringh_getdesc_user: %i", err);
590 
591 	assert(riov.max_num & VRINGH_IOV_ALLOCATED);
592 	assert(riov.iov != host_riov);
593 	if (getrange != getrange_slow)
594 		assert(riov.used == RINGSIZE);
595 	else
596 		assert(riov.used == RINGSIZE * USER_MEM/4);
597 
598 	assert(!(wiov.max_num & VRINGH_IOV_ALLOCATED));
599 	assert(wiov.used == 0);
600 
601 	/* Pull data back out (in odd chunks), should be as expected. */
602 	for (i = 0; i < RINGSIZE * USER_MEM/4; i += 3) {
603 		err = vringh_iov_pull_user(&riov, buf, 3);
604 		if (err != 3 && i + err != RINGSIZE * USER_MEM/4)
605 			errx(1, "vringh_iov_pull_user large: %i", err);
606 		assert(buf[0] == (char)i);
607 		assert(err < 2 || buf[1] == (char)(i + 1));
608 		assert(err < 3 || buf[2] == (char)(i + 2));
609 	}
610 	assert(riov.i == riov.used);
611 	vringh_iov_cleanup(&riov);
612 	vringh_iov_cleanup(&wiov);
613 
614 	/* Complete using multi interface, just because we can. */
615 	used[0].id = head;
616 	used[0].len = 0;
617 	err = vringh_complete_multi_user(&vrh, used, 1);
618 	if (err)
619 		errx(1, "vringh_complete_multi_user(1): %i", err);
620 
621 	/* Free up those descriptors. */
622 	ret = virtqueue_get_buf(vq, &i);
623 	if (ret != &err)
624 		errx(1, "virtqueue_get_buf: %p", ret);
625 
626 	/* Add lots of descriptors. */
627 	sg_init_table(guest_sg, 1);
628 	sg_set_buf(&guest_sg[0], __user_addr_max - 1, 1);
629 	for (i = 0; i < RINGSIZE; i++) {
630 		err = virtqueue_add_outbuf(vq, guest_sg, 1, &err, GFP_KERNEL);
631 		if (err)
632 			errx(1, "virtqueue_add_outbuf (multiple): %i", err);
633 	}
634 
635 	/* Now get many, and consume them all at once. */
636 	vringh_iov_init(&riov, host_riov, ARRAY_SIZE(host_riov));
637 	vringh_iov_init(&wiov, host_wiov, ARRAY_SIZE(host_wiov));
638 
639 	for (i = 0; i < RINGSIZE; i++) {
640 		err = vringh_getdesc_user(&vrh, &riov, &wiov, getrange, &head);
641 		if (err != 1)
642 			errx(1, "vringh_getdesc_user: %i", err);
643 		used[i].id = head;
644 		used[i].len = 0;
645 	}
646 	/* Make sure it wraps around ring, to test! */
647 	assert(vrh.vring.used->idx % RINGSIZE != 0);
648 	err = vringh_complete_multi_user(&vrh, used, RINGSIZE);
649 	if (err)
650 		errx(1, "vringh_complete_multi_user: %i", err);
651 
652 	/* Free those buffers. */
653 	for (i = 0; i < RINGSIZE; i++) {
654 		unsigned len;
655 		assert(virtqueue_get_buf(vq, &len) != NULL);
656 	}
657 
658 	/* Test weird (but legal!) indirect. */
659 	if (__virtio_test_bit(&vdev, VIRTIO_RING_F_INDIRECT_DESC)) {
660 		char *data = __user_addr_max - USER_MEM/4;
661 		struct vring_desc *d = __user_addr_max - USER_MEM/2;
662 		struct vring vring;
663 
664 		/* Force creation of direct, which we modify. */
665 		__virtio_clear_bit(&vdev, VIRTIO_RING_F_INDIRECT_DESC);
666 		vq = vring_new_virtqueue(0, RINGSIZE, ALIGN, &vdev, true,
667 					 false, __user_addr_min,
668 					 never_notify_host,
669 					 never_callback_guest,
670 					 "guest vq");
671 
672 		sg_init_table(guest_sg, 4);
673 		sg_set_buf(&guest_sg[0], d, sizeof(*d)*2);
674 		sg_set_buf(&guest_sg[1], d + 2, sizeof(*d)*1);
675 		sg_set_buf(&guest_sg[2], data + 6, 4);
676 		sg_set_buf(&guest_sg[3], d + 3, sizeof(*d)*3);
677 
678 		err = virtqueue_add_outbuf(vq, guest_sg, 4, &err, GFP_KERNEL);
679 		if (err)
680 			errx(1, "virtqueue_add_outbuf (indirect): %i", err);
681 
682 		vring_init(&vring, RINGSIZE, __user_addr_min, ALIGN);
683 
684 		/* They're used in order, but double-check... */
685 		assert(vring.desc[0].addr == (unsigned long)d);
686 		assert(vring.desc[1].addr == (unsigned long)(d+2));
687 		assert(vring.desc[2].addr == (unsigned long)data + 6);
688 		assert(vring.desc[3].addr == (unsigned long)(d+3));
689 		vring.desc[0].flags |= VRING_DESC_F_INDIRECT;
690 		vring.desc[1].flags |= VRING_DESC_F_INDIRECT;
691 		vring.desc[3].flags |= VRING_DESC_F_INDIRECT;
692 
693 		/* First indirect */
694 		d[0].addr = (unsigned long)data;
695 		d[0].len = 1;
696 		d[0].flags = VRING_DESC_F_NEXT;
697 		d[0].next = 1;
698 		d[1].addr = (unsigned long)data + 1;
699 		d[1].len = 2;
700 		d[1].flags = 0;
701 
702 		/* Second indirect */
703 		d[2].addr = (unsigned long)data + 3;
704 		d[2].len = 3;
705 		d[2].flags = 0;
706 
707 		/* Third indirect */
708 		d[3].addr = (unsigned long)data + 10;
709 		d[3].len = 5;
710 		d[3].flags = VRING_DESC_F_NEXT;
711 		d[3].next = 1;
712 		d[4].addr = (unsigned long)data + 15;
713 		d[4].len = 6;
714 		d[4].flags = VRING_DESC_F_NEXT;
715 		d[4].next = 2;
716 		d[5].addr = (unsigned long)data + 21;
717 		d[5].len = 7;
718 		d[5].flags = 0;
719 
720 		/* Host picks it up (allocates new iov). */
721 		vringh_iov_init(&riov, host_riov, ARRAY_SIZE(host_riov));
722 		vringh_iov_init(&wiov, host_wiov, ARRAY_SIZE(host_wiov));
723 
724 		err = vringh_getdesc_user(&vrh, &riov, &wiov, getrange, &head);
725 		if (err != 1)
726 			errx(1, "vringh_getdesc_user: %i", err);
727 
728 		if (head != 0)
729 			errx(1, "vringh_getdesc_user: head %i not 0", head);
730 
731 		assert(riov.max_num & VRINGH_IOV_ALLOCATED);
732 		if (getrange != getrange_slow)
733 			assert(riov.used == 7);
734 		else
735 			assert(riov.used == 28);
736 		err = vringh_iov_pull_user(&riov, buf, 29);
737 		assert(err == 28);
738 
739 		/* Data should be linear. */
740 		for (i = 0; i < err; i++)
741 			assert(buf[i] == i);
742 		vringh_iov_cleanup(&riov);
743 	}
744 
745 	/* Don't leak memory... */
746 	vring_del_virtqueue(vq);
747 	free(__user_addr_min);
748 
749 	return 0;
750 }
751