xref: /linux/tools/testing/selftests/exec/binfmt_misc_common.h (revision 686585ec270198690856077e55b7d579f84a765a)
1 /* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
2 /* Helpers shared by the binfmt_misc selftests. */
3 #ifndef __SELFTESTS_EXEC_BINFMT_MISC_COMMON_H
4 #define __SELFTESTS_EXEC_BINFMT_MISC_COMMON_H
5 
6 #include <elf.h>
7 #include <errno.h>
8 #include <fcntl.h>
9 #include <libgen.h>
10 #include <limits.h>
11 #include <link.h>
12 #include <stdbool.h>
13 #include <stdio.h>
14 #include <stdlib.h>
15 #include <string.h>
16 #include <sys/mount.h>
17 #include <sys/types.h>
18 #include <sys/wait.h>
19 #include <unistd.h>
20 
21 #define BINFMT_DIR	"/proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc"
22 #define BINFMT_REG	BINFMT_DIR "/register"
23 
24 /* comm holds 15 usable chars; a read of /proc/self/comm appends a newline. */
25 #define TASK_COMM_LEN	16
26 
27 /* The canonical payload argv: run_payload() passes it, the payloads assert it. */
28 #define PAYLOAD_ARGV0	"payload-argv0"
29 #define PAYLOAD_ARG1	"argone"
30 #define PAYLOAD_ARG2	"argtwo"
31 
32 /* Marker the loader tests poke into the payload's e_ident padding. */
33 #define LOADER_MARKER	"LDRTST"
34 
35 /* Exit status run_payload() reports when the exec was refused as unhandled. */
36 #define RUN_ENOEXEC	42
37 
38 static inline int copy_file(const char *src, const char *dst)
39 {
40 	char buf[4096];
41 	int in, out;
42 	ssize_t n;
43 
44 	in = open(src, O_RDONLY);
45 	if (in < 0)
46 		return -1;
47 	/* The tests share /tmp, so never write through a name they don't own. */
48 	unlink(dst);
49 	out = open(dst, O_WRONLY | O_CREAT | O_EXCL, 0755);
50 	if (out < 0) {
51 		close(in);
52 		return -1;
53 	}
54 	while ((n = read(in, buf, sizeof(buf))) > 0) {
55 		if (write(out, buf, n) != n) {
56 			close(in);
57 			close(out);
58 			return -1;
59 		}
60 	}
61 	close(in);
62 	close(out);
63 	return n < 0 ? -1 : 0;
64 }
65 
66 /* Write @rule to the register file, preserving the write's errno. */
67 static inline int write_reg(const char *rule)
68 {
69 	int fd, saved;
70 	ssize_t n;
71 
72 	fd = open(BINFMT_REG, O_WRONLY);
73 	if (fd < 0)
74 		return -1;
75 	n = write(fd, rule, strlen(rule));
76 	saved = errno;
77 	close(fd);
78 	errno = saved;
79 	return n < 0 ? -1 : 0;
80 }
81 
82 static inline void unregister(const char *name)
83 {
84 	char path[PATH_MAX];
85 	int fd;
86 
87 	snprintf(path, sizeof(path), BINFMT_DIR "/%s", name);
88 	fd = open(path, O_WRONLY);
89 	if (fd >= 0) {
90 		if (write(fd, "-1", 2) < 0)
91 			; /* best effort */
92 		close(fd);
93 	}
94 }
95 
96 /* Mount binfmt_misc unless it already is, and report whether it is usable. */
97 static inline bool binfmt_misc_available(void)
98 {
99 	if (access(BINFMT_REG, F_OK) < 0)
100 		mount("binfmt_misc", BINFMT_DIR, "binfmt_misc", 0, NULL);
101 	return access(BINFMT_REG, F_OK) == 0;
102 }
103 
104 /* Absolute path of @name in the directory this test was built into. */
105 static inline int artifact_path(char *out, size_t sz, const char *name)
106 {
107 	char exe[PATH_MAX];
108 	ssize_t n;
109 
110 	n = readlink("/proc/self/exe", exe, sizeof(exe) - 1);
111 	if (n < 0)
112 		return -1;
113 	exe[n] = '\0';
114 	if ((size_t)snprintf(out, sz, "%s/%s", dirname(exe), name) >= sz)
115 		return -1;
116 	return 0;
117 }
118 
119 /* Probe kernel support for a registration flag with a throwaway entry. */
120 static inline bool binfmt_flag_supported(char flag)
121 {
122 	char rule[64];
123 
124 	snprintf(rule, sizeof(rule), ":bm_flag_probe:E::bmprobe::/bin/true:%c",
125 		 flag);
126 	if (write_reg(rule))
127 		return false;
128 	unregister("bm_flag_probe");
129 	return true;
130 }
131 
132 /*
133  * Run @path with the canonical payload argv and return its exit status, or
134  * RUN_ENOEXEC when the exec itself was refused as unhandled.
135  */
136 static inline int run_payload(const char *path)
137 {
138 	int status;
139 	pid_t pid;
140 
141 	pid = fork();
142 	if (pid == 0) {
143 		execl(path, PAYLOAD_ARGV0, PAYLOAD_ARG1, PAYLOAD_ARG2,
144 		      (char *)NULL);
145 		_exit(errno == ENOEXEC ? RUN_ENOEXEC : 126);
146 	}
147 	if (pid < 0 || waitpid(pid, &status, 0) != pid || !WIFEXITED(status))
148 		return -1;
149 	return WEXITSTATUS(status);
150 }
151 
152 /* Does the exe link name @path? */
153 static inline bool exe_is(const char *path)
154 {
155 	char exe[PATH_MAX], real[PATH_MAX];
156 	ssize_t n;
157 
158 	n = readlink("/proc/self/exe", exe, sizeof(exe) - 1);
159 	if (n <= 0 || !realpath(path, real))
160 		return false;
161 	exe[n] = '\0';
162 	return !strcmp(exe, real);
163 }
164 
165 /* Is comm @name truncated to what a comm can hold? */
166 static inline bool comm_is(const char *name)
167 {
168 	char comm[TASK_COMM_LEN + 2], expect[TASK_COMM_LEN];
169 	ssize_t n;
170 	int fd;
171 
172 	fd = open("/proc/self/comm", O_RDONLY);
173 	if (fd < 0)
174 		return false;
175 	n = read(fd, comm, sizeof(comm) - 1);
176 	close(fd);
177 	if (n <= 0)
178 		return false;
179 	if (comm[n - 1] == '\n')
180 		n--;
181 	comm[n] = '\0';
182 	snprintf(expect, sizeof(expect), "%s", name);
183 	return !strcmp(comm, expect);
184 }
185 
186 /* Opening @path for writing has to fail with ETXTBSY. */
187 static inline bool write_denied(const char *path)
188 {
189 	int fd = open(path, O_WRONLY);
190 
191 	if (fd >= 0) {
192 		close(fd);
193 		return false;
194 	}
195 	return errno == ETXTBSY;
196 }
197 
198 static inline int patch_file(const char *path, off_t off, const void *data, size_t len)
199 {
200 	ssize_t n;
201 	int fd;
202 
203 	fd = open(path, O_WRONLY);
204 	if (fd < 0)
205 		return -1;
206 	n = pwrite(fd, data, len, off);
207 	close(fd);
208 	return n == (ssize_t)len ? 0 : -1;
209 }
210 
211 /* start_code and end_code are the 26th and 27th fields of /proc/pid/stat. */
212 static inline int stat_codes(pid_t pid, unsigned long *start_code,
213 			     unsigned long *end_code)
214 {
215 	char buf[4096], path[64], *p;
216 	ssize_t n;
217 	int fd, i;
218 
219 	snprintf(path, sizeof(path), "/proc/%d/stat", pid);
220 	fd = open(path, O_RDONLY);
221 	if (fd < 0)
222 		return -1;
223 	n = read(fd, buf, sizeof(buf) - 1);
224 	close(fd);
225 	if (n <= 0)
226 		return -1;
227 	buf[n] = '\0';
228 
229 	/* Skip "pid (comm)", then start_code is the 24th field after it. */
230 	p = strrchr(buf, ')');
231 	if (!p)
232 		return -1;
233 	p++;
234 	for (i = 0; i < 23; i++) {
235 		p = strchr(p + 1, ' ');
236 		if (!p)
237 			return -1;
238 	}
239 	if (sscanf(p, " %lu %lu", start_code, end_code) != 2)
240 		return -1;
241 	return 0;
242 }
243 
244 /* Find the system loader through our own PT_INTERP. */
245 static inline int find_loader(char *out, size_t sz)
246 {
247 	ElfW(Ehdr) eh;
248 	ElfW(Phdr) ph;
249 	int fd, i, ret = -1;
250 
251 	fd = open("/proc/self/exe", O_RDONLY);
252 	if (fd < 0)
253 		return -1;
254 	if (pread(fd, &eh, sizeof(eh), 0) != sizeof(eh))
255 		goto out;
256 	for (i = 0; i < eh.e_phnum; i++) {
257 		if (pread(fd, &ph, sizeof(ph),
258 			  eh.e_phoff + i * eh.e_phentsize) != sizeof(ph))
259 			goto out;
260 		if (ph.p_type != PT_INTERP)
261 			continue;
262 		if (!ph.p_filesz || ph.p_filesz > sz)
263 			goto out;
264 		if (pread(fd, out, ph.p_filesz, ph.p_offset) !=
265 		    (ssize_t)ph.p_filesz)
266 			goto out;
267 		out[ph.p_filesz - 1] = '\0';
268 		ret = 0;
269 		break;
270 	}
271 out:
272 	close(fd);
273 	return ret;
274 }
275 
276 #endif /* __SELFTESTS_EXEC_BINFMT_MISC_COMMON_H */
277