xref: /linux/tools/testing/selftests/bpf/test_loader.c (revision bb9ae1a66c85eeb626864efd812c62026e126ec0)
1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
2 /* Copyright (c) 2022 Meta Platforms, Inc. and affiliates. */
3 #include <linux/capability.h>
4 #include <stdlib.h>
5 #include <regex.h>
6 #include <test_progs.h>
7 #include <bpf/btf.h>
8 
9 #include "autoconf_helper.h"
10 #include "disasm_helpers.h"
11 #include "unpriv_helpers.h"
12 #include "cap_helpers.h"
13 #include "jit_disasm_helpers.h"
14 
15 #define str_has_pfx(str, pfx) \
16 	(strncmp(str, pfx, __builtin_constant_p(pfx) ? sizeof(pfx) - 1 : strlen(pfx)) == 0)
17 
18 #define TEST_LOADER_LOG_BUF_SZ 2097152
19 
20 #define TEST_TAG_EXPECT_FAILURE "comment:test_expect_failure"
21 #define TEST_TAG_EXPECT_SUCCESS "comment:test_expect_success"
22 #define TEST_TAG_EXPECT_MSG_PFX "comment:test_expect_msg="
23 #define TEST_TAG_EXPECT_XLATED_PFX "comment:test_expect_xlated="
24 #define TEST_TAG_EXPECT_FAILURE_UNPRIV "comment:test_expect_failure_unpriv"
25 #define TEST_TAG_EXPECT_SUCCESS_UNPRIV "comment:test_expect_success_unpriv"
26 #define TEST_TAG_EXPECT_MSG_PFX_UNPRIV "comment:test_expect_msg_unpriv="
27 #define TEST_TAG_EXPECT_XLATED_PFX_UNPRIV "comment:test_expect_xlated_unpriv="
28 #define TEST_TAG_LOG_LEVEL_PFX "comment:test_log_level="
29 #define TEST_TAG_PROG_FLAGS_PFX "comment:test_prog_flags="
30 #define TEST_TAG_DESCRIPTION_PFX "comment:test_description="
31 #define TEST_TAG_RETVAL_PFX "comment:test_retval="
32 #define TEST_TAG_RETVAL_PFX_UNPRIV "comment:test_retval_unpriv="
33 #define TEST_TAG_AUXILIARY "comment:test_auxiliary"
34 #define TEST_TAG_AUXILIARY_UNPRIV "comment:test_auxiliary_unpriv"
35 #define TEST_BTF_PATH "comment:test_btf_path="
36 #define TEST_TAG_ARCH "comment:test_arch="
37 #define TEST_TAG_JITED_PFX "comment:test_jited="
38 #define TEST_TAG_JITED_PFX_UNPRIV "comment:test_jited_unpriv="
39 
40 /* Warning: duplicated in bpf_misc.h */
41 #define POINTER_VALUE	0xcafe4all
42 #define TEST_DATA_LEN	64
43 
44 #ifdef CONFIG_HAVE_EFFICIENT_UNALIGNED_ACCESS
45 #define EFFICIENT_UNALIGNED_ACCESS 1
46 #else
47 #define EFFICIENT_UNALIGNED_ACCESS 0
48 #endif
49 
50 static int sysctl_unpriv_disabled = -1;
51 
52 enum mode {
53 	PRIV = 1,
54 	UNPRIV = 2
55 };
56 
57 struct expect_msg {
58 	const char *substr; /* substring match */
59 	regex_t regex;
60 	bool is_regex;
61 	bool on_next_line;
62 };
63 
64 struct expected_msgs {
65 	struct expect_msg *patterns;
66 	size_t cnt;
67 };
68 
69 struct test_subspec {
70 	char *name;
71 	bool expect_failure;
72 	struct expected_msgs expect_msgs;
73 	struct expected_msgs expect_xlated;
74 	struct expected_msgs jited;
75 	int retval;
76 	bool execute;
77 };
78 
79 struct test_spec {
80 	const char *prog_name;
81 	struct test_subspec priv;
82 	struct test_subspec unpriv;
83 	const char *btf_custom_path;
84 	int log_level;
85 	int prog_flags;
86 	int mode_mask;
87 	int arch_mask;
88 	bool auxiliary;
89 	bool valid;
90 };
91 
92 static int tester_init(struct test_loader *tester)
93 {
94 	if (!tester->log_buf) {
95 		tester->log_buf_sz = TEST_LOADER_LOG_BUF_SZ;
96 		tester->log_buf = calloc(tester->log_buf_sz, 1);
97 		if (!ASSERT_OK_PTR(tester->log_buf, "tester_log_buf"))
98 			return -ENOMEM;
99 	}
100 
101 	return 0;
102 }
103 
104 void test_loader_fini(struct test_loader *tester)
105 {
106 	if (!tester)
107 		return;
108 
109 	free(tester->log_buf);
110 }
111 
112 static void free_msgs(struct expected_msgs *msgs)
113 {
114 	int i;
115 
116 	for (i = 0; i < msgs->cnt; i++)
117 		if (msgs->patterns[i].is_regex)
118 			regfree(&msgs->patterns[i].regex);
119 	free(msgs->patterns);
120 	msgs->patterns = NULL;
121 	msgs->cnt = 0;
122 }
123 
124 static void free_test_spec(struct test_spec *spec)
125 {
126 	/* Deallocate expect_msgs arrays. */
127 	free_msgs(&spec->priv.expect_msgs);
128 	free_msgs(&spec->unpriv.expect_msgs);
129 	free_msgs(&spec->priv.expect_xlated);
130 	free_msgs(&spec->unpriv.expect_xlated);
131 	free_msgs(&spec->priv.jited);
132 	free_msgs(&spec->unpriv.jited);
133 
134 	free(spec->priv.name);
135 	free(spec->unpriv.name);
136 	spec->priv.name = NULL;
137 	spec->unpriv.name = NULL;
138 }
139 
140 /* Compiles regular expression matching pattern.
141  * Pattern has a special syntax:
142  *
143  *   pattern := (<verbatim text> | regex)*
144  *   regex := "{{" <posix extended regular expression> "}}"
145  *
146  * In other words, pattern is a verbatim text with inclusion
147  * of regular expressions enclosed in "{{" "}}" pairs.
148  * For example, pattern "foo{{[0-9]+}}" matches strings like
149  * "foo0", "foo007", etc.
150  */
151 static int compile_regex(const char *pattern, regex_t *regex)
152 {
153 	char err_buf[256], buf[256] = {}, *ptr, *buf_end;
154 	const char *original_pattern = pattern;
155 	bool in_regex = false;
156 	int err;
157 
158 	buf_end = buf + sizeof(buf);
159 	ptr = buf;
160 	while (*pattern && ptr < buf_end - 2) {
161 		if (!in_regex && str_has_pfx(pattern, "{{")) {
162 			in_regex = true;
163 			pattern += 2;
164 			continue;
165 		}
166 		if (in_regex && str_has_pfx(pattern, "}}")) {
167 			in_regex = false;
168 			pattern += 2;
169 			continue;
170 		}
171 		if (in_regex) {
172 			*ptr++ = *pattern++;
173 			continue;
174 		}
175 		/* list of characters that need escaping for extended posix regex */
176 		if (strchr(".[]\\()*+?{}|^$", *pattern)) {
177 			*ptr++ = '\\';
178 			*ptr++ = *pattern++;
179 			continue;
180 		}
181 		*ptr++ = *pattern++;
182 	}
183 	if (*pattern) {
184 		PRINT_FAIL("Regexp too long: '%s'\n", original_pattern);
185 		return -EINVAL;
186 	}
187 	if (in_regex) {
188 		PRINT_FAIL("Regexp has open '{{' but no closing '}}': '%s'\n", original_pattern);
189 		return -EINVAL;
190 	}
191 	err = regcomp(regex, buf, REG_EXTENDED | REG_NEWLINE);
192 	if (err != 0) {
193 		regerror(err, regex, err_buf, sizeof(err_buf));
194 		PRINT_FAIL("Regexp compilation error in '%s': '%s'\n", buf, err_buf);
195 		return -EINVAL;
196 	}
197 	return 0;
198 }
199 
200 static int __push_msg(const char *pattern, bool on_next_line, struct expected_msgs *msgs)
201 {
202 	struct expect_msg *msg;
203 	void *tmp;
204 	int err;
205 
206 	tmp = realloc(msgs->patterns,
207 		      (1 + msgs->cnt) * sizeof(struct expect_msg));
208 	if (!tmp) {
209 		ASSERT_FAIL("failed to realloc memory for messages\n");
210 		return -ENOMEM;
211 	}
212 	msgs->patterns = tmp;
213 	msg = &msgs->patterns[msgs->cnt];
214 	msg->on_next_line = on_next_line;
215 	msg->substr = pattern;
216 	msg->is_regex = false;
217 	if (strstr(pattern, "{{")) {
218 		err = compile_regex(pattern, &msg->regex);
219 		if (err)
220 			return err;
221 		msg->is_regex = true;
222 	}
223 	msgs->cnt += 1;
224 	return 0;
225 }
226 
227 static int clone_msgs(struct expected_msgs *from, struct expected_msgs *to)
228 {
229 	struct expect_msg *msg;
230 	int i, err;
231 
232 	for (i = 0; i < from->cnt; i++) {
233 		msg = &from->patterns[i];
234 		err = __push_msg(msg->substr, msg->on_next_line, to);
235 		if (err)
236 			return err;
237 	}
238 	return 0;
239 }
240 
241 static int push_msg(const char *substr, struct expected_msgs *msgs)
242 {
243 	return __push_msg(substr, false, msgs);
244 }
245 
246 static int push_disasm_msg(const char *regex_str, bool *on_next_line, struct expected_msgs *msgs)
247 {
248 	int err;
249 
250 	if (strcmp(regex_str, "...") == 0) {
251 		*on_next_line = false;
252 		return 0;
253 	}
254 	err = __push_msg(regex_str, *on_next_line, msgs);
255 	if (err)
256 		return err;
257 	*on_next_line = true;
258 	return 0;
259 }
260 
261 static int parse_int(const char *str, int *val, const char *name)
262 {
263 	char *end;
264 	long tmp;
265 
266 	errno = 0;
267 	if (str_has_pfx(str, "0x"))
268 		tmp = strtol(str + 2, &end, 16);
269 	else
270 		tmp = strtol(str, &end, 10);
271 	if (errno || end[0] != '\0') {
272 		PRINT_FAIL("failed to parse %s from '%s'\n", name, str);
273 		return -EINVAL;
274 	}
275 	*val = tmp;
276 	return 0;
277 }
278 
279 static int parse_retval(const char *str, int *val, const char *name)
280 {
281 	struct {
282 		char *name;
283 		int val;
284 	} named_values[] = {
285 		{ "INT_MIN"      , INT_MIN },
286 		{ "POINTER_VALUE", POINTER_VALUE },
287 		{ "TEST_DATA_LEN", TEST_DATA_LEN },
288 	};
289 	int i;
290 
291 	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(named_values); ++i) {
292 		if (strcmp(str, named_values[i].name) != 0)
293 			continue;
294 		*val = named_values[i].val;
295 		return 0;
296 	}
297 
298 	return parse_int(str, val, name);
299 }
300 
301 static void update_flags(int *flags, int flag, bool clear)
302 {
303 	if (clear)
304 		*flags &= ~flag;
305 	else
306 		*flags |= flag;
307 }
308 
309 /* Matches a string of form '<pfx>[^=]=.*' and returns it's suffix.
310  * Used to parse btf_decl_tag values.
311  * Such values require unique prefix because compiler does not add
312  * same __attribute__((btf_decl_tag(...))) twice.
313  * Test suite uses two-component tags for such cases:
314  *
315  *   <pfx> __COUNTER__ '='
316  *
317  * For example, two consecutive __msg tags '__msg("foo") __msg("foo")'
318  * would be encoded as:
319  *
320  *   [18] DECL_TAG 'comment:test_expect_msg=0=foo' type_id=15 component_idx=-1
321  *   [19] DECL_TAG 'comment:test_expect_msg=1=foo' type_id=15 component_idx=-1
322  *
323  * And the purpose of this function is to extract 'foo' from the above.
324  */
325 static const char *skip_dynamic_pfx(const char *s, const char *pfx)
326 {
327 	const char *msg;
328 
329 	if (strncmp(s, pfx, strlen(pfx)) != 0)
330 		return NULL;
331 	msg = s + strlen(pfx);
332 	msg = strchr(msg, '=');
333 	if (!msg)
334 		return NULL;
335 	return msg + 1;
336 }
337 
338 enum arch {
339 	ARCH_UNKNOWN	= 0x1,
340 	ARCH_X86_64	= 0x2,
341 	ARCH_ARM64	= 0x4,
342 	ARCH_RISCV64	= 0x8,
343 };
344 
345 static int get_current_arch(void)
346 {
347 #if defined(__x86_64__)
348 	return ARCH_X86_64;
349 #elif defined(__aarch64__)
350 	return ARCH_ARM64;
351 #elif defined(__riscv) && __riscv_xlen == 64
352 	return ARCH_RISCV64;
353 #endif
354 	return ARCH_UNKNOWN;
355 }
356 
357 /* Uses btf_decl_tag attributes to describe the expected test
358  * behavior, see bpf_misc.h for detailed description of each attribute
359  * and attribute combinations.
360  */
361 static int parse_test_spec(struct test_loader *tester,
362 			   struct bpf_object *obj,
363 			   struct bpf_program *prog,
364 			   struct test_spec *spec)
365 {
366 	const char *description = NULL;
367 	bool has_unpriv_result = false;
368 	bool has_unpriv_retval = false;
369 	bool unpriv_xlated_on_next_line = true;
370 	bool xlated_on_next_line = true;
371 	bool unpriv_jit_on_next_line;
372 	bool jit_on_next_line;
373 	bool collect_jit = false;
374 	int func_id, i, err = 0;
375 	u32 arch_mask = 0;
376 	struct btf *btf;
377 	enum arch arch;
378 
379 	memset(spec, 0, sizeof(*spec));
380 
381 	spec->prog_name = bpf_program__name(prog);
382 	spec->prog_flags = testing_prog_flags();
383 
384 	btf = bpf_object__btf(obj);
385 	if (!btf) {
386 		ASSERT_FAIL("BPF object has no BTF");
387 		return -EINVAL;
388 	}
389 
390 	func_id = btf__find_by_name_kind(btf, spec->prog_name, BTF_KIND_FUNC);
391 	if (func_id < 0) {
392 		ASSERT_FAIL("failed to find FUNC BTF type for '%s'", spec->prog_name);
393 		return -EINVAL;
394 	}
395 
396 	for (i = 1; i < btf__type_cnt(btf); i++) {
397 		const char *s, *val, *msg;
398 		const struct btf_type *t;
399 		bool clear;
400 		int flags;
401 
402 		t = btf__type_by_id(btf, i);
403 		if (!btf_is_decl_tag(t))
404 			continue;
405 
406 		if (t->type != func_id || btf_decl_tag(t)->component_idx != -1)
407 			continue;
408 
409 		s = btf__str_by_offset(btf, t->name_off);
410 		if (str_has_pfx(s, TEST_TAG_DESCRIPTION_PFX)) {
411 			description = s + sizeof(TEST_TAG_DESCRIPTION_PFX) - 1;
412 		} else if (strcmp(s, TEST_TAG_EXPECT_FAILURE) == 0) {
413 			spec->priv.expect_failure = true;
414 			spec->mode_mask |= PRIV;
415 		} else if (strcmp(s, TEST_TAG_EXPECT_SUCCESS) == 0) {
416 			spec->priv.expect_failure = false;
417 			spec->mode_mask |= PRIV;
418 		} else if (strcmp(s, TEST_TAG_EXPECT_FAILURE_UNPRIV) == 0) {
419 			spec->unpriv.expect_failure = true;
420 			spec->mode_mask |= UNPRIV;
421 			has_unpriv_result = true;
422 		} else if (strcmp(s, TEST_TAG_EXPECT_SUCCESS_UNPRIV) == 0) {
423 			spec->unpriv.expect_failure = false;
424 			spec->mode_mask |= UNPRIV;
425 			has_unpriv_result = true;
426 		} else if (strcmp(s, TEST_TAG_AUXILIARY) == 0) {
427 			spec->auxiliary = true;
428 			spec->mode_mask |= PRIV;
429 		} else if (strcmp(s, TEST_TAG_AUXILIARY_UNPRIV) == 0) {
430 			spec->auxiliary = true;
431 			spec->mode_mask |= UNPRIV;
432 		} else if ((msg = skip_dynamic_pfx(s, TEST_TAG_EXPECT_MSG_PFX))) {
433 			err = push_msg(msg, &spec->priv.expect_msgs);
434 			if (err)
435 				goto cleanup;
436 			spec->mode_mask |= PRIV;
437 		} else if ((msg = skip_dynamic_pfx(s, TEST_TAG_EXPECT_MSG_PFX_UNPRIV))) {
438 			err = push_msg(msg, &spec->unpriv.expect_msgs);
439 			if (err)
440 				goto cleanup;
441 			spec->mode_mask |= UNPRIV;
442 		} else if ((msg = skip_dynamic_pfx(s, TEST_TAG_JITED_PFX))) {
443 			if (arch_mask == 0) {
444 				PRINT_FAIL("__jited used before __arch_*");
445 				goto cleanup;
446 			}
447 			if (collect_jit) {
448 				err = push_disasm_msg(msg, &jit_on_next_line,
449 						      &spec->priv.jited);
450 				if (err)
451 					goto cleanup;
452 				spec->mode_mask |= PRIV;
453 			}
454 		} else if ((msg = skip_dynamic_pfx(s, TEST_TAG_JITED_PFX_UNPRIV))) {
455 			if (arch_mask == 0) {
456 				PRINT_FAIL("__unpriv_jited used before __arch_*");
457 				goto cleanup;
458 			}
459 			if (collect_jit) {
460 				err = push_disasm_msg(msg, &unpriv_jit_on_next_line,
461 						      &spec->unpriv.jited);
462 				if (err)
463 					goto cleanup;
464 				spec->mode_mask |= UNPRIV;
465 			}
466 		} else if ((msg = skip_dynamic_pfx(s, TEST_TAG_EXPECT_XLATED_PFX))) {
467 			err = push_disasm_msg(msg, &xlated_on_next_line,
468 					      &spec->priv.expect_xlated);
469 			if (err)
470 				goto cleanup;
471 			spec->mode_mask |= PRIV;
472 		} else if ((msg = skip_dynamic_pfx(s, TEST_TAG_EXPECT_XLATED_PFX_UNPRIV))) {
473 			err = push_disasm_msg(msg, &unpriv_xlated_on_next_line,
474 					      &spec->unpriv.expect_xlated);
475 			if (err)
476 				goto cleanup;
477 			spec->mode_mask |= UNPRIV;
478 		} else if (str_has_pfx(s, TEST_TAG_RETVAL_PFX)) {
479 			val = s + sizeof(TEST_TAG_RETVAL_PFX) - 1;
480 			err = parse_retval(val, &spec->priv.retval, "__retval");
481 			if (err)
482 				goto cleanup;
483 			spec->priv.execute = true;
484 			spec->mode_mask |= PRIV;
485 		} else if (str_has_pfx(s, TEST_TAG_RETVAL_PFX_UNPRIV)) {
486 			val = s + sizeof(TEST_TAG_RETVAL_PFX_UNPRIV) - 1;
487 			err = parse_retval(val, &spec->unpriv.retval, "__retval_unpriv");
488 			if (err)
489 				goto cleanup;
490 			spec->mode_mask |= UNPRIV;
491 			spec->unpriv.execute = true;
492 			has_unpriv_retval = true;
493 		} else if (str_has_pfx(s, TEST_TAG_LOG_LEVEL_PFX)) {
494 			val = s + sizeof(TEST_TAG_LOG_LEVEL_PFX) - 1;
495 			err = parse_int(val, &spec->log_level, "test log level");
496 			if (err)
497 				goto cleanup;
498 		} else if (str_has_pfx(s, TEST_TAG_PROG_FLAGS_PFX)) {
499 			val = s + sizeof(TEST_TAG_PROG_FLAGS_PFX) - 1;
500 
501 			clear = val[0] == '!';
502 			if (clear)
503 				val++;
504 
505 			if (strcmp(val, "BPF_F_STRICT_ALIGNMENT") == 0) {
506 				update_flags(&spec->prog_flags, BPF_F_STRICT_ALIGNMENT, clear);
507 			} else if (strcmp(val, "BPF_F_ANY_ALIGNMENT") == 0) {
508 				update_flags(&spec->prog_flags, BPF_F_ANY_ALIGNMENT, clear);
509 			} else if (strcmp(val, "BPF_F_TEST_RND_HI32") == 0) {
510 				update_flags(&spec->prog_flags, BPF_F_TEST_RND_HI32, clear);
511 			} else if (strcmp(val, "BPF_F_TEST_STATE_FREQ") == 0) {
512 				update_flags(&spec->prog_flags, BPF_F_TEST_STATE_FREQ, clear);
513 			} else if (strcmp(val, "BPF_F_SLEEPABLE") == 0) {
514 				update_flags(&spec->prog_flags, BPF_F_SLEEPABLE, clear);
515 			} else if (strcmp(val, "BPF_F_XDP_HAS_FRAGS") == 0) {
516 				update_flags(&spec->prog_flags, BPF_F_XDP_HAS_FRAGS, clear);
517 			} else if (strcmp(val, "BPF_F_TEST_REG_INVARIANTS") == 0) {
518 				update_flags(&spec->prog_flags, BPF_F_TEST_REG_INVARIANTS, clear);
519 			} else /* assume numeric value */ {
520 				err = parse_int(val, &flags, "test prog flags");
521 				if (err)
522 					goto cleanup;
523 				update_flags(&spec->prog_flags, flags, clear);
524 			}
525 		} else if (str_has_pfx(s, TEST_TAG_ARCH)) {
526 			val = s + sizeof(TEST_TAG_ARCH) - 1;
527 			if (strcmp(val, "X86_64") == 0) {
528 				arch = ARCH_X86_64;
529 			} else if (strcmp(val, "ARM64") == 0) {
530 				arch = ARCH_ARM64;
531 			} else if (strcmp(val, "RISCV64") == 0) {
532 				arch = ARCH_RISCV64;
533 			} else {
534 				PRINT_FAIL("bad arch spec: '%s'", val);
535 				err = -EINVAL;
536 				goto cleanup;
537 			}
538 			arch_mask |= arch;
539 			collect_jit = get_current_arch() == arch;
540 			unpriv_jit_on_next_line = true;
541 			jit_on_next_line = true;
542 		} else if (str_has_pfx(s, TEST_BTF_PATH)) {
543 			spec->btf_custom_path = s + sizeof(TEST_BTF_PATH) - 1;
544 		}
545 	}
546 
547 	spec->arch_mask = arch_mask ?: -1;
548 
549 	if (spec->mode_mask == 0)
550 		spec->mode_mask = PRIV;
551 
552 	if (!description)
553 		description = spec->prog_name;
554 
555 	if (spec->mode_mask & PRIV) {
556 		spec->priv.name = strdup(description);
557 		if (!spec->priv.name) {
558 			PRINT_FAIL("failed to allocate memory for priv.name\n");
559 			err = -ENOMEM;
560 			goto cleanup;
561 		}
562 	}
563 
564 	if (spec->mode_mask & UNPRIV) {
565 		int descr_len = strlen(description);
566 		const char *suffix = " @unpriv";
567 		char *name;
568 
569 		name = malloc(descr_len + strlen(suffix) + 1);
570 		if (!name) {
571 			PRINT_FAIL("failed to allocate memory for unpriv.name\n");
572 			err = -ENOMEM;
573 			goto cleanup;
574 		}
575 
576 		strcpy(name, description);
577 		strcpy(&name[descr_len], suffix);
578 		spec->unpriv.name = name;
579 	}
580 
581 	if (spec->mode_mask & (PRIV | UNPRIV)) {
582 		if (!has_unpriv_result)
583 			spec->unpriv.expect_failure = spec->priv.expect_failure;
584 
585 		if (!has_unpriv_retval) {
586 			spec->unpriv.retval = spec->priv.retval;
587 			spec->unpriv.execute = spec->priv.execute;
588 		}
589 
590 		if (spec->unpriv.expect_msgs.cnt == 0)
591 			clone_msgs(&spec->priv.expect_msgs, &spec->unpriv.expect_msgs);
592 		if (spec->unpriv.expect_xlated.cnt == 0)
593 			clone_msgs(&spec->priv.expect_xlated, &spec->unpriv.expect_xlated);
594 		if (spec->unpriv.jited.cnt == 0)
595 			clone_msgs(&spec->priv.jited, &spec->unpriv.jited);
596 	}
597 
598 	spec->valid = true;
599 
600 	return 0;
601 
602 cleanup:
603 	free_test_spec(spec);
604 	return err;
605 }
606 
607 static void prepare_case(struct test_loader *tester,
608 			 struct test_spec *spec,
609 			 struct bpf_object *obj,
610 			 struct bpf_program *prog)
611 {
612 	int min_log_level = 0, prog_flags;
613 
614 	if (env.verbosity > VERBOSE_NONE)
615 		min_log_level = 1;
616 	if (env.verbosity > VERBOSE_VERY)
617 		min_log_level = 2;
618 
619 	bpf_program__set_log_buf(prog, tester->log_buf, tester->log_buf_sz);
620 
621 	/* Make sure we set at least minimal log level, unless test requires
622 	 * even higher level already. Make sure to preserve independent log
623 	 * level 4 (verifier stats), though.
624 	 */
625 	if ((spec->log_level & 3) < min_log_level)
626 		bpf_program__set_log_level(prog, (spec->log_level & 4) | min_log_level);
627 	else
628 		bpf_program__set_log_level(prog, spec->log_level);
629 
630 	prog_flags = bpf_program__flags(prog);
631 	bpf_program__set_flags(prog, prog_flags | spec->prog_flags);
632 
633 	tester->log_buf[0] = '\0';
634 }
635 
636 static void emit_verifier_log(const char *log_buf, bool force)
637 {
638 	if (!force && env.verbosity == VERBOSE_NONE)
639 		return;
640 	fprintf(stdout, "VERIFIER LOG:\n=============\n%s=============\n", log_buf);
641 }
642 
643 static void emit_xlated(const char *xlated, bool force)
644 {
645 	if (!force && env.verbosity == VERBOSE_NONE)
646 		return;
647 	fprintf(stdout, "XLATED:\n=============\n%s=============\n", xlated);
648 }
649 
650 static void emit_jited(const char *jited, bool force)
651 {
652 	if (!force && env.verbosity == VERBOSE_NONE)
653 		return;
654 	fprintf(stdout, "JITED:\n=============\n%s=============\n", jited);
655 }
656 
657 static void validate_msgs(char *log_buf, struct expected_msgs *msgs,
658 			  void (*emit_fn)(const char *buf, bool force))
659 {
660 	const char *log = log_buf, *prev_match;
661 	regmatch_t reg_match[1];
662 	int prev_match_line;
663 	int match_line;
664 	int i, j, err;
665 
666 	prev_match_line = -1;
667 	match_line = 0;
668 	prev_match = log;
669 	for (i = 0; i < msgs->cnt; i++) {
670 		struct expect_msg *msg = &msgs->patterns[i];
671 		const char *match = NULL, *pat_status;
672 		bool wrong_line = false;
673 
674 		if (!msg->is_regex) {
675 			match = strstr(log, msg->substr);
676 			if (match)
677 				log = match + strlen(msg->substr);
678 		} else {
679 			err = regexec(&msg->regex, log, 1, reg_match, 0);
680 			if (err == 0) {
681 				match = log + reg_match[0].rm_so;
682 				log += reg_match[0].rm_eo;
683 			}
684 		}
685 
686 		if (match) {
687 			for (; prev_match < match; ++prev_match)
688 				if (*prev_match == '\n')
689 					++match_line;
690 			wrong_line = msg->on_next_line && prev_match_line >= 0 &&
691 				     prev_match_line + 1 != match_line;
692 		}
693 
694 		if (!match || wrong_line) {
695 			PRINT_FAIL("expect_msg\n");
696 			if (env.verbosity == VERBOSE_NONE)
697 				emit_fn(log_buf, true /*force*/);
698 			for (j = 0; j <= i; j++) {
699 				msg = &msgs->patterns[j];
700 				if (j < i)
701 					pat_status = "MATCHED   ";
702 				else if (wrong_line)
703 					pat_status = "WRONG LINE";
704 				else
705 					pat_status = "EXPECTED  ";
706 				msg = &msgs->patterns[j];
707 				fprintf(stderr, "%s %s: '%s'\n",
708 					pat_status,
709 					msg->is_regex ? " REGEX" : "SUBSTR",
710 					msg->substr);
711 			}
712 			if (wrong_line) {
713 				fprintf(stderr,
714 					"expecting match at line %d, actual match is at line %d\n",
715 					prev_match_line + 1, match_line);
716 			}
717 			break;
718 		}
719 
720 		prev_match_line = match_line;
721 	}
722 }
723 
724 struct cap_state {
725 	__u64 old_caps;
726 	bool initialized;
727 };
728 
729 static int drop_capabilities(struct cap_state *caps)
730 {
731 	const __u64 caps_to_drop = (1ULL << CAP_SYS_ADMIN | 1ULL << CAP_NET_ADMIN |
732 				    1ULL << CAP_PERFMON   | 1ULL << CAP_BPF);
733 	int err;
734 
735 	err = cap_disable_effective(caps_to_drop, &caps->old_caps);
736 	if (err) {
737 		PRINT_FAIL("failed to drop capabilities: %i, %s\n", err, strerror(err));
738 		return err;
739 	}
740 
741 	caps->initialized = true;
742 	return 0;
743 }
744 
745 static int restore_capabilities(struct cap_state *caps)
746 {
747 	int err;
748 
749 	if (!caps->initialized)
750 		return 0;
751 
752 	err = cap_enable_effective(caps->old_caps, NULL);
753 	if (err)
754 		PRINT_FAIL("failed to restore capabilities: %i, %s\n", err, strerror(err));
755 	caps->initialized = false;
756 	return err;
757 }
758 
759 static bool can_execute_unpriv(struct test_loader *tester, struct test_spec *spec)
760 {
761 	if (sysctl_unpriv_disabled < 0)
762 		sysctl_unpriv_disabled = get_unpriv_disabled() ? 1 : 0;
763 	if (sysctl_unpriv_disabled)
764 		return false;
765 	if ((spec->prog_flags & BPF_F_ANY_ALIGNMENT) && !EFFICIENT_UNALIGNED_ACCESS)
766 		return false;
767 	return true;
768 }
769 
770 static bool is_unpriv_capable_map(struct bpf_map *map)
771 {
772 	enum bpf_map_type type;
773 	__u32 flags;
774 
775 	type = bpf_map__type(map);
776 
777 	switch (type) {
778 	case BPF_MAP_TYPE_HASH:
779 	case BPF_MAP_TYPE_PERCPU_HASH:
780 	case BPF_MAP_TYPE_HASH_OF_MAPS:
781 		flags = bpf_map__map_flags(map);
782 		return !(flags & BPF_F_ZERO_SEED);
783 	case BPF_MAP_TYPE_PERCPU_CGROUP_STORAGE:
784 	case BPF_MAP_TYPE_ARRAY:
785 	case BPF_MAP_TYPE_RINGBUF:
786 	case BPF_MAP_TYPE_PROG_ARRAY:
787 	case BPF_MAP_TYPE_CGROUP_ARRAY:
788 	case BPF_MAP_TYPE_PERCPU_ARRAY:
789 	case BPF_MAP_TYPE_USER_RINGBUF:
790 	case BPF_MAP_TYPE_ARRAY_OF_MAPS:
791 	case BPF_MAP_TYPE_CGROUP_STORAGE:
792 	case BPF_MAP_TYPE_PERF_EVENT_ARRAY:
793 		return true;
794 	default:
795 		return false;
796 	}
797 }
798 
799 static int do_prog_test_run(int fd_prog, int *retval, bool empty_opts)
800 {
801 	__u8 tmp_out[TEST_DATA_LEN << 2] = {};
802 	__u8 tmp_in[TEST_DATA_LEN] = {};
803 	int err, saved_errno;
804 	LIBBPF_OPTS(bpf_test_run_opts, topts,
805 		.data_in = tmp_in,
806 		.data_size_in = sizeof(tmp_in),
807 		.data_out = tmp_out,
808 		.data_size_out = sizeof(tmp_out),
809 		.repeat = 1,
810 	);
811 
812 	if (empty_opts) {
813 		memset(&topts, 0, sizeof(struct bpf_test_run_opts));
814 		topts.sz = sizeof(struct bpf_test_run_opts);
815 	}
816 	err = bpf_prog_test_run_opts(fd_prog, &topts);
817 	saved_errno = errno;
818 
819 	if (err) {
820 		PRINT_FAIL("FAIL: Unexpected bpf_prog_test_run error: %d (%s) ",
821 			   saved_errno, strerror(saved_errno));
822 		return err;
823 	}
824 
825 	ASSERT_OK(0, "bpf_prog_test_run");
826 	*retval = topts.retval;
827 
828 	return 0;
829 }
830 
831 static bool should_do_test_run(struct test_spec *spec, struct test_subspec *subspec)
832 {
833 	if (!subspec->execute)
834 		return false;
835 
836 	if (subspec->expect_failure)
837 		return false;
838 
839 	if ((spec->prog_flags & BPF_F_ANY_ALIGNMENT) && !EFFICIENT_UNALIGNED_ACCESS) {
840 		if (env.verbosity != VERBOSE_NONE)
841 			printf("alignment prevents execution\n");
842 		return false;
843 	}
844 
845 	return true;
846 }
847 
848 /* Get a disassembly of BPF program after verifier applies all rewrites */
849 static int get_xlated_program_text(int prog_fd, char *text, size_t text_sz)
850 {
851 	struct bpf_insn *insn_start = NULL, *insn, *insn_end;
852 	__u32 insns_cnt = 0, i;
853 	char buf[64];
854 	FILE *out = NULL;
855 	int err;
856 
857 	err = get_xlated_program(prog_fd, &insn_start, &insns_cnt);
858 	if (!ASSERT_OK(err, "get_xlated_program"))
859 		goto out;
860 	out = fmemopen(text, text_sz, "w");
861 	if (!ASSERT_OK_PTR(out, "open_memstream"))
862 		goto out;
863 	insn_end = insn_start + insns_cnt;
864 	insn = insn_start;
865 	while (insn < insn_end) {
866 		i = insn - insn_start;
867 		insn = disasm_insn(insn, buf, sizeof(buf));
868 		fprintf(out, "%d: %s\n", i, buf);
869 	}
870 	fflush(out);
871 
872 out:
873 	free(insn_start);
874 	if (out)
875 		fclose(out);
876 	return err;
877 }
878 
879 /* this function is forced noinline and has short generic name to look better
880  * in test_progs output (in case of a failure)
881  */
882 static noinline
883 void run_subtest(struct test_loader *tester,
884 		 struct bpf_object_open_opts *open_opts,
885 		 const void *obj_bytes,
886 		 size_t obj_byte_cnt,
887 		 struct test_spec *specs,
888 		 struct test_spec *spec,
889 		 bool unpriv)
890 {
891 	struct test_subspec *subspec = unpriv ? &spec->unpriv : &spec->priv;
892 	struct bpf_program *tprog = NULL, *tprog_iter;
893 	struct bpf_link *link, *links[32] = {};
894 	struct test_spec *spec_iter;
895 	struct cap_state caps = {};
896 	struct bpf_object *tobj;
897 	struct bpf_map *map;
898 	int retval, err, i;
899 	int links_cnt = 0;
900 	bool should_load;
901 
902 	if (!test__start_subtest(subspec->name))
903 		return;
904 
905 	if ((get_current_arch() & spec->arch_mask) == 0) {
906 		test__skip();
907 		return;
908 	}
909 
910 	if (unpriv) {
911 		if (!can_execute_unpriv(tester, spec)) {
912 			test__skip();
913 			test__end_subtest();
914 			return;
915 		}
916 		if (drop_capabilities(&caps)) {
917 			test__end_subtest();
918 			return;
919 		}
920 	}
921 
922 	/* Implicitly reset to NULL if next test case doesn't specify */
923 	open_opts->btf_custom_path = spec->btf_custom_path;
924 
925 	tobj = bpf_object__open_mem(obj_bytes, obj_byte_cnt, open_opts);
926 	if (!ASSERT_OK_PTR(tobj, "obj_open_mem")) /* shouldn't happen */
927 		goto subtest_cleanup;
928 
929 	i = 0;
930 	bpf_object__for_each_program(tprog_iter, tobj) {
931 		spec_iter = &specs[i++];
932 		should_load = false;
933 
934 		if (spec_iter->valid) {
935 			if (strcmp(bpf_program__name(tprog_iter), spec->prog_name) == 0) {
936 				tprog = tprog_iter;
937 				should_load = true;
938 			}
939 
940 			if (spec_iter->auxiliary &&
941 			    spec_iter->mode_mask & (unpriv ? UNPRIV : PRIV))
942 				should_load = true;
943 		}
944 
945 		bpf_program__set_autoload(tprog_iter, should_load);
946 	}
947 
948 	prepare_case(tester, spec, tobj, tprog);
949 
950 	/* By default bpf_object__load() automatically creates all
951 	 * maps declared in the skeleton. Some map types are only
952 	 * allowed in priv mode. Disable autoload for such maps in
953 	 * unpriv mode.
954 	 */
955 	bpf_object__for_each_map(map, tobj)
956 		bpf_map__set_autocreate(map, !unpriv || is_unpriv_capable_map(map));
957 
958 	err = bpf_object__load(tobj);
959 	if (subspec->expect_failure) {
960 		if (!ASSERT_ERR(err, "unexpected_load_success")) {
961 			emit_verifier_log(tester->log_buf, false /*force*/);
962 			goto tobj_cleanup;
963 		}
964 	} else {
965 		if (!ASSERT_OK(err, "unexpected_load_failure")) {
966 			emit_verifier_log(tester->log_buf, true /*force*/);
967 			goto tobj_cleanup;
968 		}
969 	}
970 	emit_verifier_log(tester->log_buf, false /*force*/);
971 	validate_msgs(tester->log_buf, &subspec->expect_msgs, emit_verifier_log);
972 
973 	if (subspec->expect_xlated.cnt) {
974 		err = get_xlated_program_text(bpf_program__fd(tprog),
975 					      tester->log_buf, tester->log_buf_sz);
976 		if (err)
977 			goto tobj_cleanup;
978 		emit_xlated(tester->log_buf, false /*force*/);
979 		validate_msgs(tester->log_buf, &subspec->expect_xlated, emit_xlated);
980 	}
981 
982 	if (subspec->jited.cnt) {
983 		err = get_jited_program_text(bpf_program__fd(tprog),
984 					     tester->log_buf, tester->log_buf_sz);
985 		if (err == -EOPNOTSUPP) {
986 			printf("%s:SKIP: jited programs disassembly is not supported,\n", __func__);
987 			printf("%s:SKIP: tests are built w/o LLVM development libs\n", __func__);
988 			test__skip();
989 			goto tobj_cleanup;
990 		}
991 		if (!ASSERT_EQ(err, 0, "get_jited_program_text"))
992 			goto tobj_cleanup;
993 		emit_jited(tester->log_buf, false /*force*/);
994 		validate_msgs(tester->log_buf, &subspec->jited, emit_jited);
995 	}
996 
997 	if (should_do_test_run(spec, subspec)) {
998 		/* For some reason test_verifier executes programs
999 		 * with all capabilities restored. Do the same here.
1000 		 */
1001 		if (restore_capabilities(&caps))
1002 			goto tobj_cleanup;
1003 
1004 		/* Do bpf_map__attach_struct_ops() for each struct_ops map.
1005 		 * This should trigger bpf_struct_ops->reg callback on kernel side.
1006 		 */
1007 		bpf_object__for_each_map(map, tobj) {
1008 			if (!bpf_map__autocreate(map) ||
1009 			    bpf_map__type(map) != BPF_MAP_TYPE_STRUCT_OPS)
1010 				continue;
1011 			if (links_cnt >= ARRAY_SIZE(links)) {
1012 				PRINT_FAIL("too many struct_ops maps");
1013 				goto tobj_cleanup;
1014 			}
1015 			link = bpf_map__attach_struct_ops(map);
1016 			if (!link) {
1017 				PRINT_FAIL("bpf_map__attach_struct_ops failed for map %s: err=%d\n",
1018 					   bpf_map__name(map), err);
1019 				goto tobj_cleanup;
1020 			}
1021 			links[links_cnt++] = link;
1022 		}
1023 
1024 		if (tester->pre_execution_cb) {
1025 			err = tester->pre_execution_cb(tobj);
1026 			if (err) {
1027 				PRINT_FAIL("pre_execution_cb failed: %d\n", err);
1028 				goto tobj_cleanup;
1029 			}
1030 		}
1031 
1032 		do_prog_test_run(bpf_program__fd(tprog), &retval,
1033 				 bpf_program__type(tprog) == BPF_PROG_TYPE_SYSCALL ? true : false);
1034 		if (retval != subspec->retval && subspec->retval != POINTER_VALUE) {
1035 			PRINT_FAIL("Unexpected retval: %d != %d\n", retval, subspec->retval);
1036 			goto tobj_cleanup;
1037 		}
1038 		/* redo bpf_map__attach_struct_ops for each test */
1039 		while (links_cnt > 0)
1040 			bpf_link__destroy(links[--links_cnt]);
1041 	}
1042 
1043 tobj_cleanup:
1044 	while (links_cnt > 0)
1045 		bpf_link__destroy(links[--links_cnt]);
1046 	bpf_object__close(tobj);
1047 subtest_cleanup:
1048 	test__end_subtest();
1049 	restore_capabilities(&caps);
1050 }
1051 
1052 static void process_subtest(struct test_loader *tester,
1053 			    const char *skel_name,
1054 			    skel_elf_bytes_fn elf_bytes_factory)
1055 {
1056 	LIBBPF_OPTS(bpf_object_open_opts, open_opts, .object_name = skel_name);
1057 	struct test_spec *specs = NULL;
1058 	struct bpf_object *obj = NULL;
1059 	struct bpf_program *prog;
1060 	const void *obj_bytes;
1061 	int err, i, nr_progs;
1062 	size_t obj_byte_cnt;
1063 
1064 	if (tester_init(tester) < 0)
1065 		return; /* failed to initialize tester */
1066 
1067 	obj_bytes = elf_bytes_factory(&obj_byte_cnt);
1068 	obj = bpf_object__open_mem(obj_bytes, obj_byte_cnt, &open_opts);
1069 	if (!ASSERT_OK_PTR(obj, "obj_open_mem"))
1070 		return;
1071 
1072 	nr_progs = 0;
1073 	bpf_object__for_each_program(prog, obj)
1074 		++nr_progs;
1075 
1076 	specs = calloc(nr_progs, sizeof(struct test_spec));
1077 	if (!ASSERT_OK_PTR(specs, "specs_alloc"))
1078 		return;
1079 
1080 	i = 0;
1081 	bpf_object__for_each_program(prog, obj) {
1082 		/* ignore tests for which  we can't derive test specification */
1083 		err = parse_test_spec(tester, obj, prog, &specs[i++]);
1084 		if (err)
1085 			PRINT_FAIL("Can't parse test spec for program '%s'\n",
1086 				   bpf_program__name(prog));
1087 	}
1088 
1089 	i = 0;
1090 	bpf_object__for_each_program(prog, obj) {
1091 		struct test_spec *spec = &specs[i++];
1092 
1093 		if (!spec->valid || spec->auxiliary)
1094 			continue;
1095 
1096 		if (spec->mode_mask & PRIV)
1097 			run_subtest(tester, &open_opts, obj_bytes, obj_byte_cnt,
1098 				    specs, spec, false);
1099 		if (spec->mode_mask & UNPRIV)
1100 			run_subtest(tester, &open_opts, obj_bytes, obj_byte_cnt,
1101 				    specs, spec, true);
1102 
1103 	}
1104 
1105 	for (i = 0; i < nr_progs; ++i)
1106 		free_test_spec(&specs[i]);
1107 	free(specs);
1108 	bpf_object__close(obj);
1109 }
1110 
1111 void test_loader__run_subtests(struct test_loader *tester,
1112 			       const char *skel_name,
1113 			       skel_elf_bytes_fn elf_bytes_factory)
1114 {
1115 	/* see comment in run_subtest() for why we do this function nesting */
1116 	process_subtest(tester, skel_name, elf_bytes_factory);
1117 }
1118