xref: /linux/tools/power/x86/turbostat/turbostat.c (revision 0883c2c06fb5bcf5b9e008270827e63c09a88c1e)
1 /*
2  * turbostat -- show CPU frequency and C-state residency
3  * on modern Intel turbo-capable processors.
4  *
5  * Copyright (c) 2013 Intel Corporation.
6  * Len Brown <len.brown@intel.com>
7  *
8  * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
9  * under the terms and conditions of the GNU General Public License,
10  * version 2, as published by the Free Software Foundation.
11  *
12  * This program is distributed in the hope it will be useful, but WITHOUT
13  * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
14  * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for
15  * more details.
16  *
17  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with
18  * this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc.,
19  * 51 Franklin St - Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
20  */
21 
22 #define _GNU_SOURCE
23 #include MSRHEADER
24 #include <stdarg.h>
25 #include <stdio.h>
26 #include <err.h>
27 #include <unistd.h>
28 #include <sys/types.h>
29 #include <sys/wait.h>
30 #include <sys/stat.h>
31 #include <sys/resource.h>
32 #include <fcntl.h>
33 #include <signal.h>
34 #include <sys/time.h>
35 #include <stdlib.h>
36 #include <getopt.h>
37 #include <dirent.h>
38 #include <string.h>
39 #include <ctype.h>
40 #include <sched.h>
41 #include <time.h>
42 #include <cpuid.h>
43 #include <linux/capability.h>
44 #include <errno.h>
45 
46 char *proc_stat = "/proc/stat";
47 FILE *outf;
48 int *fd_percpu;
49 struct timespec interval_ts = {5, 0};
50 unsigned int debug;
51 unsigned int rapl_joules;
52 unsigned int summary_only;
53 unsigned int dump_only;
54 unsigned int skip_c0;
55 unsigned int skip_c1;
56 unsigned int do_nhm_cstates;
57 unsigned int do_snb_cstates;
58 unsigned int do_knl_cstates;
59 unsigned int do_pc2;
60 unsigned int do_pc3;
61 unsigned int do_pc6;
62 unsigned int do_pc7;
63 unsigned int do_c8_c9_c10;
64 unsigned int do_skl_residency;
65 unsigned int do_slm_cstates;
66 unsigned int use_c1_residency_msr;
67 unsigned int has_aperf;
68 unsigned int has_epb;
69 unsigned int do_irtl_snb;
70 unsigned int do_irtl_hsw;
71 unsigned int units = 1000000;	/* MHz etc */
72 unsigned int genuine_intel;
73 unsigned int has_invariant_tsc;
74 unsigned int do_nhm_platform_info;
75 unsigned int extra_msr_offset32;
76 unsigned int extra_msr_offset64;
77 unsigned int extra_delta_offset32;
78 unsigned int extra_delta_offset64;
79 unsigned int aperf_mperf_multiplier = 1;
80 int do_irq = 1;
81 int do_smi;
82 double bclk;
83 double base_hz;
84 unsigned int has_base_hz;
85 double tsc_tweak = 1.0;
86 unsigned int show_pkg;
87 unsigned int show_core;
88 unsigned int show_cpu;
89 unsigned int show_pkg_only;
90 unsigned int show_core_only;
91 char *output_buffer, *outp;
92 unsigned int do_rapl;
93 unsigned int do_dts;
94 unsigned int do_ptm;
95 unsigned int do_gfx_rc6_ms;
96 unsigned long long  gfx_cur_rc6_ms;
97 unsigned int do_gfx_mhz;
98 unsigned int gfx_cur_mhz;
99 unsigned int tcc_activation_temp;
100 unsigned int tcc_activation_temp_override;
101 double rapl_power_units, rapl_time_units;
102 double rapl_dram_energy_units, rapl_energy_units;
103 double rapl_joule_counter_range;
104 unsigned int do_core_perf_limit_reasons;
105 unsigned int do_gfx_perf_limit_reasons;
106 unsigned int do_ring_perf_limit_reasons;
107 unsigned int crystal_hz;
108 unsigned long long tsc_hz;
109 int base_cpu;
110 double discover_bclk(unsigned int family, unsigned int model);
111 unsigned int has_hwp;	/* IA32_PM_ENABLE, IA32_HWP_CAPABILITIES */
112 			/* IA32_HWP_REQUEST, IA32_HWP_STATUS */
113 unsigned int has_hwp_notify;		/* IA32_HWP_INTERRUPT */
114 unsigned int has_hwp_activity_window;	/* IA32_HWP_REQUEST[bits 41:32] */
115 unsigned int has_hwp_epp;		/* IA32_HWP_REQUEST[bits 31:24] */
116 unsigned int has_hwp_pkg;		/* IA32_HWP_REQUEST_PKG */
117 
118 #define RAPL_PKG		(1 << 0)
119 					/* 0x610 MSR_PKG_POWER_LIMIT */
120 					/* 0x611 MSR_PKG_ENERGY_STATUS */
121 #define RAPL_PKG_PERF_STATUS	(1 << 1)
122 					/* 0x613 MSR_PKG_PERF_STATUS */
123 #define RAPL_PKG_POWER_INFO	(1 << 2)
124 					/* 0x614 MSR_PKG_POWER_INFO */
125 
126 #define RAPL_DRAM		(1 << 3)
127 					/* 0x618 MSR_DRAM_POWER_LIMIT */
128 					/* 0x619 MSR_DRAM_ENERGY_STATUS */
129 #define RAPL_DRAM_PERF_STATUS	(1 << 4)
130 					/* 0x61b MSR_DRAM_PERF_STATUS */
131 #define RAPL_DRAM_POWER_INFO	(1 << 5)
132 					/* 0x61c MSR_DRAM_POWER_INFO */
133 
134 #define RAPL_CORES		(1 << 6)
135 					/* 0x638 MSR_PP0_POWER_LIMIT */
136 					/* 0x639 MSR_PP0_ENERGY_STATUS */
137 #define RAPL_CORE_POLICY	(1 << 7)
138 					/* 0x63a MSR_PP0_POLICY */
139 
140 #define RAPL_GFX		(1 << 8)
141 					/* 0x640 MSR_PP1_POWER_LIMIT */
142 					/* 0x641 MSR_PP1_ENERGY_STATUS */
143 					/* 0x642 MSR_PP1_POLICY */
144 #define	TJMAX_DEFAULT	100
145 
146 #define MAX(a, b) ((a) > (b) ? (a) : (b))
147 
148 int aperf_mperf_unstable;
149 int backwards_count;
150 char *progname;
151 
152 cpu_set_t *cpu_present_set, *cpu_affinity_set;
153 size_t cpu_present_setsize, cpu_affinity_setsize;
154 
155 struct thread_data {
156 	unsigned long long tsc;
157 	unsigned long long aperf;
158 	unsigned long long mperf;
159 	unsigned long long c1;
160 	unsigned long long extra_msr64;
161 	unsigned long long extra_delta64;
162 	unsigned long long extra_msr32;
163 	unsigned long long extra_delta32;
164 	unsigned int irq_count;
165 	unsigned int smi_count;
166 	unsigned int cpu_id;
167 	unsigned int flags;
168 #define CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE	0x2
169 #define CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE	0x4
170 } *thread_even, *thread_odd;
171 
172 struct core_data {
173 	unsigned long long c3;
174 	unsigned long long c6;
175 	unsigned long long c7;
176 	unsigned int core_temp_c;
177 	unsigned int core_id;
178 } *core_even, *core_odd;
179 
180 struct pkg_data {
181 	unsigned long long pc2;
182 	unsigned long long pc3;
183 	unsigned long long pc6;
184 	unsigned long long pc7;
185 	unsigned long long pc8;
186 	unsigned long long pc9;
187 	unsigned long long pc10;
188 	unsigned long long pkg_wtd_core_c0;
189 	unsigned long long pkg_any_core_c0;
190 	unsigned long long pkg_any_gfxe_c0;
191 	unsigned long long pkg_both_core_gfxe_c0;
192 	long long gfx_rc6_ms;
193 	unsigned int gfx_mhz;
194 	unsigned int package_id;
195 	unsigned int energy_pkg;	/* MSR_PKG_ENERGY_STATUS */
196 	unsigned int energy_dram;	/* MSR_DRAM_ENERGY_STATUS */
197 	unsigned int energy_cores;	/* MSR_PP0_ENERGY_STATUS */
198 	unsigned int energy_gfx;	/* MSR_PP1_ENERGY_STATUS */
199 	unsigned int rapl_pkg_perf_status;	/* MSR_PKG_PERF_STATUS */
200 	unsigned int rapl_dram_perf_status;	/* MSR_DRAM_PERF_STATUS */
201 	unsigned int pkg_temp_c;
202 
203 } *package_even, *package_odd;
204 
205 #define ODD_COUNTERS thread_odd, core_odd, package_odd
206 #define EVEN_COUNTERS thread_even, core_even, package_even
207 
208 #define GET_THREAD(thread_base, thread_no, core_no, pkg_no) \
209 	(thread_base + (pkg_no) * topo.num_cores_per_pkg * \
210 		topo.num_threads_per_core + \
211 		(core_no) * topo.num_threads_per_core + (thread_no))
212 #define GET_CORE(core_base, core_no, pkg_no) \
213 	(core_base + (pkg_no) * topo.num_cores_per_pkg + (core_no))
214 #define GET_PKG(pkg_base, pkg_no) (pkg_base + pkg_no)
215 
216 struct system_summary {
217 	struct thread_data threads;
218 	struct core_data cores;
219 	struct pkg_data packages;
220 } sum, average;
221 
222 
223 struct topo_params {
224 	int num_packages;
225 	int num_cpus;
226 	int num_cores;
227 	int max_cpu_num;
228 	int num_cores_per_pkg;
229 	int num_threads_per_core;
230 } topo;
231 
232 struct timeval tv_even, tv_odd, tv_delta;
233 
234 int *irq_column_2_cpu;	/* /proc/interrupts column numbers */
235 int *irqs_per_cpu;		/* indexed by cpu_num */
236 
237 void setup_all_buffers(void);
238 
239 int cpu_is_not_present(int cpu)
240 {
241 	return !CPU_ISSET_S(cpu, cpu_present_setsize, cpu_present_set);
242 }
243 /*
244  * run func(thread, core, package) in topology order
245  * skip non-present cpus
246  */
247 
248 int for_all_cpus(int (func)(struct thread_data *, struct core_data *, struct pkg_data *),
249 	struct thread_data *thread_base, struct core_data *core_base, struct pkg_data *pkg_base)
250 {
251 	int retval, pkg_no, core_no, thread_no;
252 
253 	for (pkg_no = 0; pkg_no < topo.num_packages; ++pkg_no) {
254 		for (core_no = 0; core_no < topo.num_cores_per_pkg; ++core_no) {
255 			for (thread_no = 0; thread_no <
256 				topo.num_threads_per_core; ++thread_no) {
257 				struct thread_data *t;
258 				struct core_data *c;
259 				struct pkg_data *p;
260 
261 				t = GET_THREAD(thread_base, thread_no, core_no, pkg_no);
262 
263 				if (cpu_is_not_present(t->cpu_id))
264 					continue;
265 
266 				c = GET_CORE(core_base, core_no, pkg_no);
267 				p = GET_PKG(pkg_base, pkg_no);
268 
269 				retval = func(t, c, p);
270 				if (retval)
271 					return retval;
272 			}
273 		}
274 	}
275 	return 0;
276 }
277 
278 int cpu_migrate(int cpu)
279 {
280 	CPU_ZERO_S(cpu_affinity_setsize, cpu_affinity_set);
281 	CPU_SET_S(cpu, cpu_affinity_setsize, cpu_affinity_set);
282 	if (sched_setaffinity(0, cpu_affinity_setsize, cpu_affinity_set) == -1)
283 		return -1;
284 	else
285 		return 0;
286 }
287 int get_msr_fd(int cpu)
288 {
289 	char pathname[32];
290 	int fd;
291 
292 	fd = fd_percpu[cpu];
293 
294 	if (fd)
295 		return fd;
296 
297 	sprintf(pathname, "/dev/cpu/%d/msr", cpu);
298 	fd = open(pathname, O_RDONLY);
299 	if (fd < 0)
300 		err(-1, "%s open failed, try chown or chmod +r /dev/cpu/*/msr, or run as root", pathname);
301 
302 	fd_percpu[cpu] = fd;
303 
304 	return fd;
305 }
306 
307 int get_msr(int cpu, off_t offset, unsigned long long *msr)
308 {
309 	ssize_t retval;
310 
311 	retval = pread(get_msr_fd(cpu), msr, sizeof(*msr), offset);
312 
313 	if (retval != sizeof *msr)
314 		err(-1, "msr %d offset 0x%llx read failed", cpu, (unsigned long long)offset);
315 
316 	return 0;
317 }
318 
319 /*
320  * Example Format w/ field column widths:
321  *
322  *  Package    Core     CPU Avg_MHz Bzy_MHz TSC_MHz     IRQ   SMI   Busy% CPU_%c1 CPU_%c3 CPU_%c6 CPU_%c7 CoreTmp  PkgTmp  GFXMHz Pkg%pc2 Pkg%pc3 Pkg%pc6 Pkg%pc7 PkgWatt CorWatt GFXWatt
323  * 12345678123456781234567812345678123456781234567812345678123456781234567812345678123456781234567812345678123456781234567812345678123456781234567812345678123456781234567812345678
324  */
325 
326 void print_header(void)
327 {
328 	if (show_pkg)
329 		outp += sprintf(outp, " Package");
330 	if (show_core)
331 		outp += sprintf(outp, "    Core");
332 	if (show_cpu)
333 		outp += sprintf(outp, "     CPU");
334 	if (has_aperf)
335 		outp += sprintf(outp, " Avg_MHz");
336 	if (has_aperf)
337 		outp += sprintf(outp, "   Busy%%");
338 	if (has_aperf)
339 		outp += sprintf(outp, " Bzy_MHz");
340 	outp += sprintf(outp, " TSC_MHz");
341 
342 	if (extra_delta_offset32)
343 		outp += sprintf(outp, "  count 0x%03X", extra_delta_offset32);
344 	if (extra_delta_offset64)
345 		outp += sprintf(outp, "  COUNT 0x%03X", extra_delta_offset64);
346 	if (extra_msr_offset32)
347 		outp += sprintf(outp, "   MSR 0x%03X", extra_msr_offset32);
348 	if (extra_msr_offset64)
349 		outp += sprintf(outp, "           MSR 0x%03X", extra_msr_offset64);
350 
351 	if (!debug)
352 		goto done;
353 
354 	if (do_irq)
355 		outp += sprintf(outp, "     IRQ");
356 	if (do_smi)
357 		outp += sprintf(outp, "     SMI");
358 
359 	if (do_nhm_cstates)
360 		outp += sprintf(outp, "  CPU%%c1");
361 	if (do_nhm_cstates && !do_slm_cstates && !do_knl_cstates)
362 		outp += sprintf(outp, "  CPU%%c3");
363 	if (do_nhm_cstates)
364 		outp += sprintf(outp, "  CPU%%c6");
365 	if (do_snb_cstates)
366 		outp += sprintf(outp, "  CPU%%c7");
367 
368 	if (do_dts)
369 		outp += sprintf(outp, " CoreTmp");
370 	if (do_ptm)
371 		outp += sprintf(outp, "  PkgTmp");
372 
373 	if (do_gfx_rc6_ms)
374 		outp += sprintf(outp, " GFX%%rc6");
375 
376 	if (do_gfx_mhz)
377 		outp += sprintf(outp, "  GFXMHz");
378 
379 	if (do_skl_residency) {
380 		outp += sprintf(outp, " Totl%%C0");
381 		outp += sprintf(outp, "  Any%%C0");
382 		outp += sprintf(outp, "  GFX%%C0");
383 		outp += sprintf(outp, " CPUGFX%%");
384 	}
385 
386 	if (do_pc2)
387 		outp += sprintf(outp, " Pkg%%pc2");
388 	if (do_pc3)
389 		outp += sprintf(outp, " Pkg%%pc3");
390 	if (do_pc6)
391 		outp += sprintf(outp, " Pkg%%pc6");
392 	if (do_pc7)
393 		outp += sprintf(outp, " Pkg%%pc7");
394 	if (do_c8_c9_c10) {
395 		outp += sprintf(outp, " Pkg%%pc8");
396 		outp += sprintf(outp, " Pkg%%pc9");
397 		outp += sprintf(outp, " Pk%%pc10");
398 	}
399 
400 	if (do_rapl && !rapl_joules) {
401 		if (do_rapl & RAPL_PKG)
402 			outp += sprintf(outp, " PkgWatt");
403 		if (do_rapl & RAPL_CORES)
404 			outp += sprintf(outp, " CorWatt");
405 		if (do_rapl & RAPL_GFX)
406 			outp += sprintf(outp, " GFXWatt");
407 		if (do_rapl & RAPL_DRAM)
408 			outp += sprintf(outp, " RAMWatt");
409 		if (do_rapl & RAPL_PKG_PERF_STATUS)
410 			outp += sprintf(outp, "   PKG_%%");
411 		if (do_rapl & RAPL_DRAM_PERF_STATUS)
412 			outp += sprintf(outp, "   RAM_%%");
413 	} else if (do_rapl && rapl_joules) {
414 		if (do_rapl & RAPL_PKG)
415 			outp += sprintf(outp, "   Pkg_J");
416 		if (do_rapl & RAPL_CORES)
417 			outp += sprintf(outp, "   Cor_J");
418 		if (do_rapl & RAPL_GFX)
419 			outp += sprintf(outp, "   GFX_J");
420 		if (do_rapl & RAPL_DRAM)
421 			outp += sprintf(outp, "   RAM_J");
422 		if (do_rapl & RAPL_PKG_PERF_STATUS)
423 			outp += sprintf(outp, "   PKG_%%");
424 		if (do_rapl & RAPL_DRAM_PERF_STATUS)
425 			outp += sprintf(outp, "   RAM_%%");
426 		outp += sprintf(outp, "   time");
427 
428 	}
429     done:
430 	outp += sprintf(outp, "\n");
431 }
432 
433 int dump_counters(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c,
434 	struct pkg_data *p)
435 {
436 	outp += sprintf(outp, "t %p, c %p, p %p\n", t, c, p);
437 
438 	if (t) {
439 		outp += sprintf(outp, "CPU: %d flags 0x%x\n",
440 			t->cpu_id, t->flags);
441 		outp += sprintf(outp, "TSC: %016llX\n", t->tsc);
442 		outp += sprintf(outp, "aperf: %016llX\n", t->aperf);
443 		outp += sprintf(outp, "mperf: %016llX\n", t->mperf);
444 		outp += sprintf(outp, "c1: %016llX\n", t->c1);
445 		outp += sprintf(outp, "msr0x%x: %08llX\n",
446 			extra_delta_offset32, t->extra_delta32);
447 		outp += sprintf(outp, "msr0x%x: %016llX\n",
448 			extra_delta_offset64, t->extra_delta64);
449 		outp += sprintf(outp, "msr0x%x: %08llX\n",
450 			extra_msr_offset32, t->extra_msr32);
451 		outp += sprintf(outp, "msr0x%x: %016llX\n",
452 			extra_msr_offset64, t->extra_msr64);
453 		if (do_irq)
454 			outp += sprintf(outp, "IRQ: %08X\n", t->irq_count);
455 		if (do_smi)
456 			outp += sprintf(outp, "SMI: %08X\n", t->smi_count);
457 	}
458 
459 	if (c) {
460 		outp += sprintf(outp, "core: %d\n", c->core_id);
461 		outp += sprintf(outp, "c3: %016llX\n", c->c3);
462 		outp += sprintf(outp, "c6: %016llX\n", c->c6);
463 		outp += sprintf(outp, "c7: %016llX\n", c->c7);
464 		outp += sprintf(outp, "DTS: %dC\n", c->core_temp_c);
465 	}
466 
467 	if (p) {
468 		outp += sprintf(outp, "package: %d\n", p->package_id);
469 
470 		outp += sprintf(outp, "Weighted cores: %016llX\n", p->pkg_wtd_core_c0);
471 		outp += sprintf(outp, "Any cores: %016llX\n", p->pkg_any_core_c0);
472 		outp += sprintf(outp, "Any GFX: %016llX\n", p->pkg_any_gfxe_c0);
473 		outp += sprintf(outp, "CPU + GFX: %016llX\n", p->pkg_both_core_gfxe_c0);
474 
475 		outp += sprintf(outp, "pc2: %016llX\n", p->pc2);
476 		if (do_pc3)
477 			outp += sprintf(outp, "pc3: %016llX\n", p->pc3);
478 		if (do_pc6)
479 			outp += sprintf(outp, "pc6: %016llX\n", p->pc6);
480 		if (do_pc7)
481 			outp += sprintf(outp, "pc7: %016llX\n", p->pc7);
482 		outp += sprintf(outp, "pc8: %016llX\n", p->pc8);
483 		outp += sprintf(outp, "pc9: %016llX\n", p->pc9);
484 		outp += sprintf(outp, "pc10: %016llX\n", p->pc10);
485 		outp += sprintf(outp, "Joules PKG: %0X\n", p->energy_pkg);
486 		outp += sprintf(outp, "Joules COR: %0X\n", p->energy_cores);
487 		outp += sprintf(outp, "Joules GFX: %0X\n", p->energy_gfx);
488 		outp += sprintf(outp, "Joules RAM: %0X\n", p->energy_dram);
489 		outp += sprintf(outp, "Throttle PKG: %0X\n",
490 			p->rapl_pkg_perf_status);
491 		outp += sprintf(outp, "Throttle RAM: %0X\n",
492 			p->rapl_dram_perf_status);
493 		outp += sprintf(outp, "PTM: %dC\n", p->pkg_temp_c);
494 	}
495 
496 	outp += sprintf(outp, "\n");
497 
498 	return 0;
499 }
500 
501 /*
502  * column formatting convention & formats
503  */
504 int format_counters(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c,
505 	struct pkg_data *p)
506 {
507 	double interval_float;
508 	char *fmt8;
509 
510 	 /* if showing only 1st thread in core and this isn't one, bail out */
511 	if (show_core_only && !(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE))
512 		return 0;
513 
514 	 /* if showing only 1st thread in pkg and this isn't one, bail out */
515 	if (show_pkg_only && !(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE))
516 		return 0;
517 
518 	interval_float = tv_delta.tv_sec + tv_delta.tv_usec/1000000.0;
519 
520 	/* topo columns, print blanks on 1st (average) line */
521 	if (t == &average.threads) {
522 		if (show_pkg)
523 			outp += sprintf(outp, "       -");
524 		if (show_core)
525 			outp += sprintf(outp, "       -");
526 		if (show_cpu)
527 			outp += sprintf(outp, "       -");
528 	} else {
529 		if (show_pkg) {
530 			if (p)
531 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%8d", p->package_id);
532 			else
533 				outp += sprintf(outp, "       -");
534 		}
535 		if (show_core) {
536 			if (c)
537 				outp += sprintf(outp, "%8d", c->core_id);
538 			else
539 				outp += sprintf(outp, "       -");
540 		}
541 		if (show_cpu)
542 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%8d", t->cpu_id);
543 	}
544 
545 	/* Avg_MHz */
546 	if (has_aperf)
547 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%8.0f",
548 			1.0 / units * t->aperf / interval_float);
549 
550 	/* Busy% */
551 	if (has_aperf) {
552 		if (!skip_c0)
553 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%8.2f", 100.0 * t->mperf/t->tsc/tsc_tweak);
554 		else
555 			outp += sprintf(outp, "********");
556 	}
557 
558 	/* Bzy_MHz */
559 	if (has_aperf) {
560 		if (has_base_hz)
561 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%8.0f", base_hz / units * t->aperf / t->mperf);
562 		else
563 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%8.0f",
564 				1.0 * t->tsc / units * t->aperf / t->mperf / interval_float);
565 	}
566 
567 	/* TSC_MHz */
568 	outp += sprintf(outp, "%8.0f", 1.0 * t->tsc/units/interval_float);
569 
570 	/* delta */
571 	if (extra_delta_offset32)
572 		outp += sprintf(outp, "  %11llu", t->extra_delta32);
573 
574 	/* DELTA */
575 	if (extra_delta_offset64)
576 		outp += sprintf(outp, "  %11llu", t->extra_delta64);
577 	/* msr */
578 	if (extra_msr_offset32)
579 		outp += sprintf(outp, "  0x%08llx", t->extra_msr32);
580 
581 	/* MSR */
582 	if (extra_msr_offset64)
583 		outp += sprintf(outp, "  0x%016llx", t->extra_msr64);
584 
585 	if (!debug)
586 		goto done;
587 
588 	/* IRQ */
589 	if (do_irq)
590 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%8d", t->irq_count);
591 
592 	/* SMI */
593 	if (do_smi)
594 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%8d", t->smi_count);
595 
596 	if (do_nhm_cstates) {
597 		if (!skip_c1)
598 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%8.2f", 100.0 * t->c1/t->tsc);
599 		else
600 			outp += sprintf(outp, "********");
601 	}
602 
603 	/* print per-core data only for 1st thread in core */
604 	if (!(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE))
605 		goto done;
606 
607 	if (do_nhm_cstates && !do_slm_cstates && !do_knl_cstates)
608 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%8.2f", 100.0 * c->c3/t->tsc);
609 	if (do_nhm_cstates)
610 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%8.2f", 100.0 * c->c6/t->tsc);
611 	if (do_snb_cstates)
612 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%8.2f", 100.0 * c->c7/t->tsc);
613 
614 	if (do_dts)
615 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%8d", c->core_temp_c);
616 
617 	/* print per-package data only for 1st core in package */
618 	if (!(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE))
619 		goto done;
620 
621 	/* PkgTmp */
622 	if (do_ptm)
623 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%8d", p->pkg_temp_c);
624 
625 	/* GFXrc6 */
626 	if (do_gfx_rc6_ms) {
627 		if (p->gfx_rc6_ms == -1) {	/* detect counter reset */
628 			outp += sprintf(outp, "  ***.**");
629 		} else {
630 			outp += sprintf(outp, "%8.2f",
631 				p->gfx_rc6_ms / 10.0 / interval_float);
632 		}
633 	}
634 
635 	/* GFXMHz */
636 	if (do_gfx_mhz)
637 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%8d", p->gfx_mhz);
638 
639 	/* Totl%C0, Any%C0 GFX%C0 CPUGFX% */
640 	if (do_skl_residency) {
641 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%8.2f", 100.0 * p->pkg_wtd_core_c0/t->tsc);
642 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%8.2f", 100.0 * p->pkg_any_core_c0/t->tsc);
643 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%8.2f", 100.0 * p->pkg_any_gfxe_c0/t->tsc);
644 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%8.2f", 100.0 * p->pkg_both_core_gfxe_c0/t->tsc);
645 	}
646 
647 	if (do_pc2)
648 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%8.2f", 100.0 * p->pc2/t->tsc);
649 	if (do_pc3)
650 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%8.2f", 100.0 * p->pc3/t->tsc);
651 	if (do_pc6)
652 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%8.2f", 100.0 * p->pc6/t->tsc);
653 	if (do_pc7)
654 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%8.2f", 100.0 * p->pc7/t->tsc);
655 	if (do_c8_c9_c10) {
656 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%8.2f", 100.0 * p->pc8/t->tsc);
657 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%8.2f", 100.0 * p->pc9/t->tsc);
658 		outp += sprintf(outp, "%8.2f", 100.0 * p->pc10/t->tsc);
659 	}
660 
661 	/*
662  	 * If measurement interval exceeds minimum RAPL Joule Counter range,
663  	 * indicate that results are suspect by printing "**" in fraction place.
664  	 */
665 	if (interval_float < rapl_joule_counter_range)
666 		fmt8 = "%8.2f";
667 	else
668 		fmt8 = " %6.0f**";
669 
670 	if (do_rapl && !rapl_joules) {
671 		if (do_rapl & RAPL_PKG)
672 			outp += sprintf(outp, fmt8, p->energy_pkg * rapl_energy_units / interval_float);
673 		if (do_rapl & RAPL_CORES)
674 			outp += sprintf(outp, fmt8, p->energy_cores * rapl_energy_units / interval_float);
675 		if (do_rapl & RAPL_GFX)
676 			outp += sprintf(outp, fmt8, p->energy_gfx * rapl_energy_units / interval_float);
677 		if (do_rapl & RAPL_DRAM)
678 			outp += sprintf(outp, fmt8, p->energy_dram * rapl_dram_energy_units / interval_float);
679 		if (do_rapl & RAPL_PKG_PERF_STATUS)
680 			outp += sprintf(outp, fmt8, 100.0 * p->rapl_pkg_perf_status * rapl_time_units / interval_float);
681 		if (do_rapl & RAPL_DRAM_PERF_STATUS)
682 			outp += sprintf(outp, fmt8, 100.0 * p->rapl_dram_perf_status * rapl_time_units / interval_float);
683 	} else if (do_rapl && rapl_joules) {
684 		if (do_rapl & RAPL_PKG)
685 			outp += sprintf(outp, fmt8,
686 					p->energy_pkg * rapl_energy_units);
687 		if (do_rapl & RAPL_CORES)
688 			outp += sprintf(outp, fmt8,
689 					p->energy_cores * rapl_energy_units);
690 		if (do_rapl & RAPL_GFX)
691 			outp += sprintf(outp, fmt8,
692 					p->energy_gfx * rapl_energy_units);
693 		if (do_rapl & RAPL_DRAM)
694 			outp += sprintf(outp, fmt8,
695 					p->energy_dram * rapl_dram_energy_units);
696 		if (do_rapl & RAPL_PKG_PERF_STATUS)
697 			outp += sprintf(outp, fmt8, 100.0 * p->rapl_pkg_perf_status * rapl_time_units / interval_float);
698 		if (do_rapl & RAPL_DRAM_PERF_STATUS)
699 			outp += sprintf(outp, fmt8, 100.0 * p->rapl_dram_perf_status * rapl_time_units / interval_float);
700 
701 		outp += sprintf(outp, fmt8, interval_float);
702 	}
703 done:
704 	outp += sprintf(outp, "\n");
705 
706 	return 0;
707 }
708 
709 void flush_output_stdout(void)
710 {
711 	FILE *filep;
712 
713 	if (outf == stderr)
714 		filep = stdout;
715 	else
716 		filep = outf;
717 
718 	fputs(output_buffer, filep);
719 	fflush(filep);
720 
721 	outp = output_buffer;
722 }
723 void flush_output_stderr(void)
724 {
725 	fputs(output_buffer, outf);
726 	fflush(outf);
727 	outp = output_buffer;
728 }
729 void format_all_counters(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c, struct pkg_data *p)
730 {
731 	static int printed;
732 
733 	if (!printed || !summary_only)
734 		print_header();
735 
736 	if (topo.num_cpus > 1)
737 		format_counters(&average.threads, &average.cores,
738 			&average.packages);
739 
740 	printed = 1;
741 
742 	if (summary_only)
743 		return;
744 
745 	for_all_cpus(format_counters, t, c, p);
746 }
747 
748 #define DELTA_WRAP32(new, old)			\
749 	if (new > old) {			\
750 		old = new - old;		\
751 	} else {				\
752 		old = 0x100000000 + new - old;	\
753 	}
754 
755 void
756 delta_package(struct pkg_data *new, struct pkg_data *old)
757 {
758 
759 	if (do_skl_residency) {
760 		old->pkg_wtd_core_c0 = new->pkg_wtd_core_c0 - old->pkg_wtd_core_c0;
761 		old->pkg_any_core_c0 = new->pkg_any_core_c0 - old->pkg_any_core_c0;
762 		old->pkg_any_gfxe_c0 = new->pkg_any_gfxe_c0 - old->pkg_any_gfxe_c0;
763 		old->pkg_both_core_gfxe_c0 = new->pkg_both_core_gfxe_c0 - old->pkg_both_core_gfxe_c0;
764 	}
765 	old->pc2 = new->pc2 - old->pc2;
766 	if (do_pc3)
767 		old->pc3 = new->pc3 - old->pc3;
768 	if (do_pc6)
769 		old->pc6 = new->pc6 - old->pc6;
770 	if (do_pc7)
771 		old->pc7 = new->pc7 - old->pc7;
772 	old->pc8 = new->pc8 - old->pc8;
773 	old->pc9 = new->pc9 - old->pc9;
774 	old->pc10 = new->pc10 - old->pc10;
775 	old->pkg_temp_c = new->pkg_temp_c;
776 
777 	/* flag an error when rc6 counter resets/wraps */
778 	if (old->gfx_rc6_ms >  new->gfx_rc6_ms)
779 		old->gfx_rc6_ms = -1;
780 	else
781 		old->gfx_rc6_ms = new->gfx_rc6_ms - old->gfx_rc6_ms;
782 
783 	old->gfx_mhz = new->gfx_mhz;
784 
785 	DELTA_WRAP32(new->energy_pkg, old->energy_pkg);
786 	DELTA_WRAP32(new->energy_cores, old->energy_cores);
787 	DELTA_WRAP32(new->energy_gfx, old->energy_gfx);
788 	DELTA_WRAP32(new->energy_dram, old->energy_dram);
789 	DELTA_WRAP32(new->rapl_pkg_perf_status, old->rapl_pkg_perf_status);
790 	DELTA_WRAP32(new->rapl_dram_perf_status, old->rapl_dram_perf_status);
791 }
792 
793 void
794 delta_core(struct core_data *new, struct core_data *old)
795 {
796 	old->c3 = new->c3 - old->c3;
797 	old->c6 = new->c6 - old->c6;
798 	old->c7 = new->c7 - old->c7;
799 	old->core_temp_c = new->core_temp_c;
800 }
801 
802 /*
803  * old = new - old
804  */
805 void
806 delta_thread(struct thread_data *new, struct thread_data *old,
807 	struct core_data *core_delta)
808 {
809 	old->tsc = new->tsc - old->tsc;
810 
811 	/* check for TSC < 1 Mcycles over interval */
812 	if (old->tsc < (1000 * 1000))
813 		errx(-3, "Insanely slow TSC rate, TSC stops in idle?\n"
814 		     "You can disable all c-states by booting with \"idle=poll\"\n"
815 		     "or just the deep ones with \"processor.max_cstate=1\"");
816 
817 	old->c1 = new->c1 - old->c1;
818 
819 	if (has_aperf) {
820 		if ((new->aperf > old->aperf) && (new->mperf > old->mperf)) {
821 			old->aperf = new->aperf - old->aperf;
822 			old->mperf = new->mperf - old->mperf;
823 		} else {
824 
825 			if (!aperf_mperf_unstable) {
826 				fprintf(outf, "%s: APERF or MPERF went backwards *\n", progname);
827 				fprintf(outf, "* Frequency results do not cover entire interval *\n");
828 				fprintf(outf, "* fix this by running Linux-2.6.30 or later *\n");
829 
830 				aperf_mperf_unstable = 1;
831 			}
832 			/*
833 			 * mperf delta is likely a huge "positive" number
834 			 * can not use it for calculating c0 time
835 			 */
836 			skip_c0 = 1;
837 			skip_c1 = 1;
838 		}
839 	}
840 
841 
842 	if (use_c1_residency_msr) {
843 		/*
844 		 * Some models have a dedicated C1 residency MSR,
845 		 * which should be more accurate than the derivation below.
846 		 */
847 	} else {
848 		/*
849 		 * As counter collection is not atomic,
850 		 * it is possible for mperf's non-halted cycles + idle states
851 		 * to exceed TSC's all cycles: show c1 = 0% in that case.
852 		 */
853 		if ((old->mperf + core_delta->c3 + core_delta->c6 + core_delta->c7) > old->tsc)
854 			old->c1 = 0;
855 		else {
856 			/* normal case, derive c1 */
857 			old->c1 = old->tsc - old->mperf - core_delta->c3
858 				- core_delta->c6 - core_delta->c7;
859 		}
860 	}
861 
862 	if (old->mperf == 0) {
863 		if (debug > 1)
864 			fprintf(outf, "cpu%d MPERF 0!\n", old->cpu_id);
865 		old->mperf = 1;	/* divide by 0 protection */
866 	}
867 
868 	old->extra_delta32 = new->extra_delta32 - old->extra_delta32;
869 	old->extra_delta32 &= 0xFFFFFFFF;
870 
871 	old->extra_delta64 = new->extra_delta64 - old->extra_delta64;
872 
873 	/*
874 	 * Extra MSR is just a snapshot, simply copy latest w/o subtracting
875 	 */
876 	old->extra_msr32 = new->extra_msr32;
877 	old->extra_msr64 = new->extra_msr64;
878 
879 	if (do_irq)
880 		old->irq_count = new->irq_count - old->irq_count;
881 
882 	if (do_smi)
883 		old->smi_count = new->smi_count - old->smi_count;
884 }
885 
886 int delta_cpu(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c,
887 	struct pkg_data *p, struct thread_data *t2,
888 	struct core_data *c2, struct pkg_data *p2)
889 {
890 	/* calculate core delta only for 1st thread in core */
891 	if (t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE)
892 		delta_core(c, c2);
893 
894 	/* always calculate thread delta */
895 	delta_thread(t, t2, c2);	/* c2 is core delta */
896 
897 	/* calculate package delta only for 1st core in package */
898 	if (t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE)
899 		delta_package(p, p2);
900 
901 	return 0;
902 }
903 
904 void clear_counters(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c, struct pkg_data *p)
905 {
906 	t->tsc = 0;
907 	t->aperf = 0;
908 	t->mperf = 0;
909 	t->c1 = 0;
910 
911 	t->extra_delta32 = 0;
912 	t->extra_delta64 = 0;
913 
914 	t->irq_count = 0;
915 	t->smi_count = 0;
916 
917 	/* tells format_counters to dump all fields from this set */
918 	t->flags = CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE | CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE;
919 
920 	c->c3 = 0;
921 	c->c6 = 0;
922 	c->c7 = 0;
923 	c->core_temp_c = 0;
924 
925 	p->pkg_wtd_core_c0 = 0;
926 	p->pkg_any_core_c0 = 0;
927 	p->pkg_any_gfxe_c0 = 0;
928 	p->pkg_both_core_gfxe_c0 = 0;
929 
930 	p->pc2 = 0;
931 	if (do_pc3)
932 		p->pc3 = 0;
933 	if (do_pc6)
934 		p->pc6 = 0;
935 	if (do_pc7)
936 		p->pc7 = 0;
937 	p->pc8 = 0;
938 	p->pc9 = 0;
939 	p->pc10 = 0;
940 
941 	p->energy_pkg = 0;
942 	p->energy_dram = 0;
943 	p->energy_cores = 0;
944 	p->energy_gfx = 0;
945 	p->rapl_pkg_perf_status = 0;
946 	p->rapl_dram_perf_status = 0;
947 	p->pkg_temp_c = 0;
948 
949 	p->gfx_rc6_ms = 0;
950 	p->gfx_mhz = 0;
951 }
952 int sum_counters(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c,
953 	struct pkg_data *p)
954 {
955 	average.threads.tsc += t->tsc;
956 	average.threads.aperf += t->aperf;
957 	average.threads.mperf += t->mperf;
958 	average.threads.c1 += t->c1;
959 
960 	average.threads.extra_delta32 += t->extra_delta32;
961 	average.threads.extra_delta64 += t->extra_delta64;
962 
963 	average.threads.irq_count += t->irq_count;
964 	average.threads.smi_count += t->smi_count;
965 
966 	/* sum per-core values only for 1st thread in core */
967 	if (!(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE))
968 		return 0;
969 
970 	average.cores.c3 += c->c3;
971 	average.cores.c6 += c->c6;
972 	average.cores.c7 += c->c7;
973 
974 	average.cores.core_temp_c = MAX(average.cores.core_temp_c, c->core_temp_c);
975 
976 	/* sum per-pkg values only for 1st core in pkg */
977 	if (!(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE))
978 		return 0;
979 
980 	if (do_skl_residency) {
981 		average.packages.pkg_wtd_core_c0 += p->pkg_wtd_core_c0;
982 		average.packages.pkg_any_core_c0 += p->pkg_any_core_c0;
983 		average.packages.pkg_any_gfxe_c0 += p->pkg_any_gfxe_c0;
984 		average.packages.pkg_both_core_gfxe_c0 += p->pkg_both_core_gfxe_c0;
985 	}
986 
987 	average.packages.pc2 += p->pc2;
988 	if (do_pc3)
989 		average.packages.pc3 += p->pc3;
990 	if (do_pc6)
991 		average.packages.pc6 += p->pc6;
992 	if (do_pc7)
993 		average.packages.pc7 += p->pc7;
994 	average.packages.pc8 += p->pc8;
995 	average.packages.pc9 += p->pc9;
996 	average.packages.pc10 += p->pc10;
997 
998 	average.packages.energy_pkg += p->energy_pkg;
999 	average.packages.energy_dram += p->energy_dram;
1000 	average.packages.energy_cores += p->energy_cores;
1001 	average.packages.energy_gfx += p->energy_gfx;
1002 
1003 	average.packages.gfx_rc6_ms = p->gfx_rc6_ms;
1004 	average.packages.gfx_mhz = p->gfx_mhz;
1005 
1006 	average.packages.pkg_temp_c = MAX(average.packages.pkg_temp_c, p->pkg_temp_c);
1007 
1008 	average.packages.rapl_pkg_perf_status += p->rapl_pkg_perf_status;
1009 	average.packages.rapl_dram_perf_status += p->rapl_dram_perf_status;
1010 	return 0;
1011 }
1012 /*
1013  * sum the counters for all cpus in the system
1014  * compute the weighted average
1015  */
1016 void compute_average(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c,
1017 	struct pkg_data *p)
1018 {
1019 	clear_counters(&average.threads, &average.cores, &average.packages);
1020 
1021 	for_all_cpus(sum_counters, t, c, p);
1022 
1023 	average.threads.tsc /= topo.num_cpus;
1024 	average.threads.aperf /= topo.num_cpus;
1025 	average.threads.mperf /= topo.num_cpus;
1026 	average.threads.c1 /= topo.num_cpus;
1027 
1028 	average.threads.extra_delta32 /= topo.num_cpus;
1029 	average.threads.extra_delta32 &= 0xFFFFFFFF;
1030 
1031 	average.threads.extra_delta64 /= topo.num_cpus;
1032 
1033 	average.cores.c3 /= topo.num_cores;
1034 	average.cores.c6 /= topo.num_cores;
1035 	average.cores.c7 /= topo.num_cores;
1036 
1037 	if (do_skl_residency) {
1038 		average.packages.pkg_wtd_core_c0 /= topo.num_packages;
1039 		average.packages.pkg_any_core_c0 /= topo.num_packages;
1040 		average.packages.pkg_any_gfxe_c0 /= topo.num_packages;
1041 		average.packages.pkg_both_core_gfxe_c0 /= topo.num_packages;
1042 	}
1043 
1044 	average.packages.pc2 /= topo.num_packages;
1045 	if (do_pc3)
1046 		average.packages.pc3 /= topo.num_packages;
1047 	if (do_pc6)
1048 		average.packages.pc6 /= topo.num_packages;
1049 	if (do_pc7)
1050 		average.packages.pc7 /= topo.num_packages;
1051 
1052 	average.packages.pc8 /= topo.num_packages;
1053 	average.packages.pc9 /= topo.num_packages;
1054 	average.packages.pc10 /= topo.num_packages;
1055 }
1056 
1057 static unsigned long long rdtsc(void)
1058 {
1059 	unsigned int low, high;
1060 
1061 	asm volatile("rdtsc" : "=a" (low), "=d" (high));
1062 
1063 	return low | ((unsigned long long)high) << 32;
1064 }
1065 
1066 /*
1067  * get_counters(...)
1068  * migrate to cpu
1069  * acquire and record local counters for that cpu
1070  */
1071 int get_counters(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c, struct pkg_data *p)
1072 {
1073 	int cpu = t->cpu_id;
1074 	unsigned long long msr;
1075 	int aperf_mperf_retry_count = 0;
1076 
1077 	if (cpu_migrate(cpu)) {
1078 		fprintf(outf, "Could not migrate to CPU %d\n", cpu);
1079 		return -1;
1080 	}
1081 
1082 retry:
1083 	t->tsc = rdtsc();	/* we are running on local CPU of interest */
1084 
1085 	if (has_aperf) {
1086 		unsigned long long tsc_before, tsc_between, tsc_after, aperf_time, mperf_time;
1087 
1088 		/*
1089 		 * The TSC, APERF and MPERF must be read together for
1090 		 * APERF/MPERF and MPERF/TSC to give accurate results.
1091 		 *
1092 		 * Unfortunately, APERF and MPERF are read by
1093 		 * individual system call, so delays may occur
1094 		 * between them.  If the time to read them
1095 		 * varies by a large amount, we re-read them.
1096 		 */
1097 
1098 		/*
1099 		 * This initial dummy APERF read has been seen to
1100 		 * reduce jitter in the subsequent reads.
1101 		 */
1102 
1103 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_IA32_APERF, &t->aperf))
1104 			return -3;
1105 
1106 		t->tsc = rdtsc();	/* re-read close to APERF */
1107 
1108 		tsc_before = t->tsc;
1109 
1110 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_IA32_APERF, &t->aperf))
1111 			return -3;
1112 
1113 		tsc_between = rdtsc();
1114 
1115 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_IA32_MPERF, &t->mperf))
1116 			return -4;
1117 
1118 		tsc_after = rdtsc();
1119 
1120 		aperf_time = tsc_between - tsc_before;
1121 		mperf_time = tsc_after - tsc_between;
1122 
1123 		/*
1124 		 * If the system call latency to read APERF and MPERF
1125 		 * differ by more than 2x, then try again.
1126 		 */
1127 		if ((aperf_time > (2 * mperf_time)) || (mperf_time > (2 * aperf_time))) {
1128 			aperf_mperf_retry_count++;
1129 			if (aperf_mperf_retry_count < 5)
1130 				goto retry;
1131 			else
1132 				warnx("cpu%d jitter %lld %lld",
1133 					cpu, aperf_time, mperf_time);
1134 		}
1135 		aperf_mperf_retry_count = 0;
1136 
1137 		t->aperf = t->aperf * aperf_mperf_multiplier;
1138 		t->mperf = t->mperf * aperf_mperf_multiplier;
1139 	}
1140 
1141 	if (do_irq)
1142 		t->irq_count = irqs_per_cpu[cpu];
1143 	if (do_smi) {
1144 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_SMI_COUNT, &msr))
1145 			return -5;
1146 		t->smi_count = msr & 0xFFFFFFFF;
1147 	}
1148 	if (extra_delta_offset32) {
1149 		if (get_msr(cpu, extra_delta_offset32, &msr))
1150 			return -5;
1151 		t->extra_delta32 = msr & 0xFFFFFFFF;
1152 	}
1153 
1154 	if (extra_delta_offset64)
1155 		if (get_msr(cpu, extra_delta_offset64, &t->extra_delta64))
1156 			return -5;
1157 
1158 	if (extra_msr_offset32) {
1159 		if (get_msr(cpu, extra_msr_offset32, &msr))
1160 			return -5;
1161 		t->extra_msr32 = msr & 0xFFFFFFFF;
1162 	}
1163 
1164 	if (extra_msr_offset64)
1165 		if (get_msr(cpu, extra_msr_offset64, &t->extra_msr64))
1166 			return -5;
1167 
1168 	if (use_c1_residency_msr) {
1169 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_CORE_C1_RES, &t->c1))
1170 			return -6;
1171 	}
1172 
1173 	/* collect core counters only for 1st thread in core */
1174 	if (!(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE))
1175 		return 0;
1176 
1177 	if (do_nhm_cstates && !do_slm_cstates && !do_knl_cstates) {
1178 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_CORE_C3_RESIDENCY, &c->c3))
1179 			return -6;
1180 	}
1181 
1182 	if (do_nhm_cstates && !do_knl_cstates) {
1183 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_CORE_C6_RESIDENCY, &c->c6))
1184 			return -7;
1185 	} else if (do_knl_cstates) {
1186 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_KNL_CORE_C6_RESIDENCY, &c->c6))
1187 			return -7;
1188 	}
1189 
1190 	if (do_snb_cstates)
1191 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_CORE_C7_RESIDENCY, &c->c7))
1192 			return -8;
1193 
1194 	if (do_dts) {
1195 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_IA32_THERM_STATUS, &msr))
1196 			return -9;
1197 		c->core_temp_c = tcc_activation_temp - ((msr >> 16) & 0x7F);
1198 	}
1199 
1200 
1201 	/* collect package counters only for 1st core in package */
1202 	if (!(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE))
1203 		return 0;
1204 
1205 	if (do_skl_residency) {
1206 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_WEIGHTED_CORE_C0_RES, &p->pkg_wtd_core_c0))
1207 			return -10;
1208 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_ANY_CORE_C0_RES, &p->pkg_any_core_c0))
1209 			return -11;
1210 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_ANY_GFXE_C0_RES, &p->pkg_any_gfxe_c0))
1211 			return -12;
1212 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_BOTH_CORE_GFXE_C0_RES, &p->pkg_both_core_gfxe_c0))
1213 			return -13;
1214 	}
1215 	if (do_pc3)
1216 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_C3_RESIDENCY, &p->pc3))
1217 			return -9;
1218 	if (do_pc6)
1219 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_C6_RESIDENCY, &p->pc6))
1220 			return -10;
1221 	if (do_pc2)
1222 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_C2_RESIDENCY, &p->pc2))
1223 			return -11;
1224 	if (do_pc7)
1225 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_C7_RESIDENCY, &p->pc7))
1226 			return -12;
1227 	if (do_c8_c9_c10) {
1228 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_C8_RESIDENCY, &p->pc8))
1229 			return -13;
1230 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_C9_RESIDENCY, &p->pc9))
1231 			return -13;
1232 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_C10_RESIDENCY, &p->pc10))
1233 			return -13;
1234 	}
1235 	if (do_rapl & RAPL_PKG) {
1236 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_ENERGY_STATUS, &msr))
1237 			return -13;
1238 		p->energy_pkg = msr & 0xFFFFFFFF;
1239 	}
1240 	if (do_rapl & RAPL_CORES) {
1241 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PP0_ENERGY_STATUS, &msr))
1242 			return -14;
1243 		p->energy_cores = msr & 0xFFFFFFFF;
1244 	}
1245 	if (do_rapl & RAPL_DRAM) {
1246 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_DRAM_ENERGY_STATUS, &msr))
1247 			return -15;
1248 		p->energy_dram = msr & 0xFFFFFFFF;
1249 	}
1250 	if (do_rapl & RAPL_GFX) {
1251 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PP1_ENERGY_STATUS, &msr))
1252 			return -16;
1253 		p->energy_gfx = msr & 0xFFFFFFFF;
1254 	}
1255 	if (do_rapl & RAPL_PKG_PERF_STATUS) {
1256 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_PERF_STATUS, &msr))
1257 			return -16;
1258 		p->rapl_pkg_perf_status = msr & 0xFFFFFFFF;
1259 	}
1260 	if (do_rapl & RAPL_DRAM_PERF_STATUS) {
1261 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_DRAM_PERF_STATUS, &msr))
1262 			return -16;
1263 		p->rapl_dram_perf_status = msr & 0xFFFFFFFF;
1264 	}
1265 	if (do_ptm) {
1266 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_IA32_PACKAGE_THERM_STATUS, &msr))
1267 			return -17;
1268 		p->pkg_temp_c = tcc_activation_temp - ((msr >> 16) & 0x7F);
1269 	}
1270 
1271 	if (do_gfx_rc6_ms)
1272 		p->gfx_rc6_ms = gfx_cur_rc6_ms;
1273 
1274 	if (do_gfx_mhz)
1275 		p->gfx_mhz = gfx_cur_mhz;
1276 
1277 	return 0;
1278 }
1279 
1280 /*
1281  * MSR_PKG_CST_CONFIG_CONTROL decoding for pkg_cstate_limit:
1282  * If you change the values, note they are used both in comparisons
1283  * (>= PCL__7) and to index pkg_cstate_limit_strings[].
1284  */
1285 
1286 #define PCLUKN 0 /* Unknown */
1287 #define PCLRSV 1 /* Reserved */
1288 #define PCL__0 2 /* PC0 */
1289 #define PCL__1 3 /* PC1 */
1290 #define PCL__2 4 /* PC2 */
1291 #define PCL__3 5 /* PC3 */
1292 #define PCL__4 6 /* PC4 */
1293 #define PCL__6 7 /* PC6 */
1294 #define PCL_6N 8 /* PC6 No Retention */
1295 #define PCL_6R 9 /* PC6 Retention */
1296 #define PCL__7 10 /* PC7 */
1297 #define PCL_7S 11 /* PC7 Shrink */
1298 #define PCL__8 12 /* PC8 */
1299 #define PCL__9 13 /* PC9 */
1300 #define PCLUNL 14 /* Unlimited */
1301 
1302 int pkg_cstate_limit = PCLUKN;
1303 char *pkg_cstate_limit_strings[] = { "reserved", "unknown", "pc0", "pc1", "pc2",
1304 	"pc3", "pc4", "pc6", "pc6n", "pc6r", "pc7", "pc7s", "pc8", "pc9", "unlimited"};
1305 
1306 int nhm_pkg_cstate_limits[16] = {PCL__0, PCL__1, PCL__3, PCL__6, PCL__7, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLUNL, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV};
1307 int snb_pkg_cstate_limits[16] = {PCL__0, PCL__2, PCL_6N, PCL_6R, PCL__7, PCL_7S, PCLRSV, PCLUNL, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV};
1308 int hsw_pkg_cstate_limits[16] = {PCL__0, PCL__2, PCL__3, PCL__6, PCL__7, PCL_7S, PCL__8, PCL__9, PCLUNL, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV};
1309 int slv_pkg_cstate_limits[16] = {PCL__0, PCL__1, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCL__4, PCLRSV, PCL__6, PCL__7, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV};
1310 int amt_pkg_cstate_limits[16] = {PCL__0, PCL__1, PCL__2, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCL__6, PCL__7, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV};
1311 int phi_pkg_cstate_limits[16] = {PCL__0, PCL__2, PCL_6N, PCL_6R, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLUNL, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV};
1312 int bxt_pkg_cstate_limits[16] = {PCL__0, PCL__2, PCLUNL, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV, PCLRSV};
1313 
1314 
1315 static void
1316 calculate_tsc_tweak()
1317 {
1318 	tsc_tweak = base_hz / tsc_hz;
1319 }
1320 
1321 static void
1322 dump_nhm_platform_info(void)
1323 {
1324 	unsigned long long msr;
1325 	unsigned int ratio;
1326 
1327 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_PLATFORM_INFO, &msr);
1328 
1329 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_PLATFORM_INFO: 0x%08llx\n", base_cpu, msr);
1330 
1331 	ratio = (msr >> 40) & 0xFF;
1332 	fprintf(outf, "%d * %.0f = %.0f MHz max efficiency frequency\n",
1333 		ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
1334 
1335 	ratio = (msr >> 8) & 0xFF;
1336 	fprintf(outf, "%d * %.0f = %.0f MHz base frequency\n",
1337 		ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
1338 
1339 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_IA32_POWER_CTL, &msr);
1340 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_IA32_POWER_CTL: 0x%08llx (C1E auto-promotion: %sabled)\n",
1341 		base_cpu, msr, msr & 0x2 ? "EN" : "DIS");
1342 
1343 	return;
1344 }
1345 
1346 static void
1347 dump_hsw_turbo_ratio_limits(void)
1348 {
1349 	unsigned long long msr;
1350 	unsigned int ratio;
1351 
1352 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_TURBO_RATIO_LIMIT2, &msr);
1353 
1354 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_TURBO_RATIO_LIMIT2: 0x%08llx\n", base_cpu, msr);
1355 
1356 	ratio = (msr >> 8) & 0xFF;
1357 	if (ratio)
1358 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.0f = %.0f MHz max turbo 18 active cores\n",
1359 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
1360 
1361 	ratio = (msr >> 0) & 0xFF;
1362 	if (ratio)
1363 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.0f = %.0f MHz max turbo 17 active cores\n",
1364 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
1365 	return;
1366 }
1367 
1368 static void
1369 dump_ivt_turbo_ratio_limits(void)
1370 {
1371 	unsigned long long msr;
1372 	unsigned int ratio;
1373 
1374 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_TURBO_RATIO_LIMIT1, &msr);
1375 
1376 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_TURBO_RATIO_LIMIT1: 0x%08llx\n", base_cpu, msr);
1377 
1378 	ratio = (msr >> 56) & 0xFF;
1379 	if (ratio)
1380 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.0f = %.0f MHz max turbo 16 active cores\n",
1381 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
1382 
1383 	ratio = (msr >> 48) & 0xFF;
1384 	if (ratio)
1385 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.0f = %.0f MHz max turbo 15 active cores\n",
1386 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
1387 
1388 	ratio = (msr >> 40) & 0xFF;
1389 	if (ratio)
1390 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.0f = %.0f MHz max turbo 14 active cores\n",
1391 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
1392 
1393 	ratio = (msr >> 32) & 0xFF;
1394 	if (ratio)
1395 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.0f = %.0f MHz max turbo 13 active cores\n",
1396 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
1397 
1398 	ratio = (msr >> 24) & 0xFF;
1399 	if (ratio)
1400 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.0f = %.0f MHz max turbo 12 active cores\n",
1401 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
1402 
1403 	ratio = (msr >> 16) & 0xFF;
1404 	if (ratio)
1405 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.0f = %.0f MHz max turbo 11 active cores\n",
1406 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
1407 
1408 	ratio = (msr >> 8) & 0xFF;
1409 	if (ratio)
1410 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.0f = %.0f MHz max turbo 10 active cores\n",
1411 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
1412 
1413 	ratio = (msr >> 0) & 0xFF;
1414 	if (ratio)
1415 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.0f = %.0f MHz max turbo 9 active cores\n",
1416 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
1417 	return;
1418 }
1419 
1420 static void
1421 dump_nhm_turbo_ratio_limits(void)
1422 {
1423 	unsigned long long msr;
1424 	unsigned int ratio;
1425 
1426 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_TURBO_RATIO_LIMIT, &msr);
1427 
1428 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_TURBO_RATIO_LIMIT: 0x%08llx\n", base_cpu, msr);
1429 
1430 	ratio = (msr >> 56) & 0xFF;
1431 	if (ratio)
1432 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.0f = %.0f MHz max turbo 8 active cores\n",
1433 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
1434 
1435 	ratio = (msr >> 48) & 0xFF;
1436 	if (ratio)
1437 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.0f = %.0f MHz max turbo 7 active cores\n",
1438 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
1439 
1440 	ratio = (msr >> 40) & 0xFF;
1441 	if (ratio)
1442 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.0f = %.0f MHz max turbo 6 active cores\n",
1443 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
1444 
1445 	ratio = (msr >> 32) & 0xFF;
1446 	if (ratio)
1447 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.0f = %.0f MHz max turbo 5 active cores\n",
1448 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
1449 
1450 	ratio = (msr >> 24) & 0xFF;
1451 	if (ratio)
1452 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.0f = %.0f MHz max turbo 4 active cores\n",
1453 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
1454 
1455 	ratio = (msr >> 16) & 0xFF;
1456 	if (ratio)
1457 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.0f = %.0f MHz max turbo 3 active cores\n",
1458 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
1459 
1460 	ratio = (msr >> 8) & 0xFF;
1461 	if (ratio)
1462 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.0f = %.0f MHz max turbo 2 active cores\n",
1463 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
1464 
1465 	ratio = (msr >> 0) & 0xFF;
1466 	if (ratio)
1467 		fprintf(outf, "%d * %.0f = %.0f MHz max turbo 1 active cores\n",
1468 			ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
1469 	return;
1470 }
1471 
1472 static void
1473 dump_knl_turbo_ratio_limits(void)
1474 {
1475 	const unsigned int buckets_no = 7;
1476 
1477 	unsigned long long msr;
1478 	int delta_cores, delta_ratio;
1479 	int i, b_nr;
1480 	unsigned int cores[buckets_no];
1481 	unsigned int ratio[buckets_no];
1482 
1483 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_NHM_TURBO_RATIO_LIMIT, &msr);
1484 
1485 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_TURBO_RATIO_LIMIT: 0x%08llx\n",
1486 		base_cpu, msr);
1487 
1488 	/**
1489 	 * Turbo encoding in KNL is as follows:
1490 	 * [0] -- Reserved
1491 	 * [7:1] -- Base value of number of active cores of bucket 1.
1492 	 * [15:8] -- Base value of freq ratio of bucket 1.
1493 	 * [20:16] -- +ve delta of number of active cores of bucket 2.
1494 	 * i.e. active cores of bucket 2 =
1495 	 * active cores of bucket 1 + delta
1496 	 * [23:21] -- Negative delta of freq ratio of bucket 2.
1497 	 * i.e. freq ratio of bucket 2 =
1498 	 * freq ratio of bucket 1 - delta
1499 	 * [28:24]-- +ve delta of number of active cores of bucket 3.
1500 	 * [31:29]-- -ve delta of freq ratio of bucket 3.
1501 	 * [36:32]-- +ve delta of number of active cores of bucket 4.
1502 	 * [39:37]-- -ve delta of freq ratio of bucket 4.
1503 	 * [44:40]-- +ve delta of number of active cores of bucket 5.
1504 	 * [47:45]-- -ve delta of freq ratio of bucket 5.
1505 	 * [52:48]-- +ve delta of number of active cores of bucket 6.
1506 	 * [55:53]-- -ve delta of freq ratio of bucket 6.
1507 	 * [60:56]-- +ve delta of number of active cores of bucket 7.
1508 	 * [63:61]-- -ve delta of freq ratio of bucket 7.
1509 	 */
1510 
1511 	b_nr = 0;
1512 	cores[b_nr] = (msr & 0xFF) >> 1;
1513 	ratio[b_nr] = (msr >> 8) & 0xFF;
1514 
1515 	for (i = 16; i < 64; i += 8) {
1516 		delta_cores = (msr >> i) & 0x1F;
1517 		delta_ratio = (msr >> (i + 5)) & 0x7;
1518 
1519 		cores[b_nr + 1] = cores[b_nr] + delta_cores;
1520 		ratio[b_nr + 1] = ratio[b_nr] - delta_ratio;
1521 		b_nr++;
1522 	}
1523 
1524 	for (i = buckets_no - 1; i >= 0; i--)
1525 		if (i > 0 ? ratio[i] != ratio[i - 1] : 1)
1526 			fprintf(outf,
1527 				"%d * %.0f = %.0f MHz max turbo %d active cores\n",
1528 				ratio[i], bclk, ratio[i] * bclk, cores[i]);
1529 }
1530 
1531 static void
1532 dump_nhm_cst_cfg(void)
1533 {
1534 	unsigned long long msr;
1535 
1536 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_NHM_SNB_PKG_CST_CFG_CTL, &msr);
1537 
1538 #define SNB_C1_AUTO_UNDEMOTE              (1UL << 27)
1539 #define SNB_C3_AUTO_UNDEMOTE              (1UL << 28)
1540 
1541 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_NHM_SNB_PKG_CST_CFG_CTL: 0x%08llx", base_cpu, msr);
1542 
1543 	fprintf(outf, " (%s%s%s%s%slocked: pkg-cstate-limit=%d: %s)\n",
1544 		(msr & SNB_C3_AUTO_UNDEMOTE) ? "UNdemote-C3, " : "",
1545 		(msr & SNB_C1_AUTO_UNDEMOTE) ? "UNdemote-C1, " : "",
1546 		(msr & NHM_C3_AUTO_DEMOTE) ? "demote-C3, " : "",
1547 		(msr & NHM_C1_AUTO_DEMOTE) ? "demote-C1, " : "",
1548 		(msr & (1 << 15)) ? "" : "UN",
1549 		(unsigned int)msr & 0xF,
1550 		pkg_cstate_limit_strings[pkg_cstate_limit]);
1551 	return;
1552 }
1553 
1554 static void
1555 dump_config_tdp(void)
1556 {
1557 	unsigned long long msr;
1558 
1559 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_CONFIG_TDP_NOMINAL, &msr);
1560 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_CONFIG_TDP_NOMINAL: 0x%08llx", base_cpu, msr);
1561 	fprintf(outf, " (base_ratio=%d)\n", (unsigned int)msr & 0xFF);
1562 
1563 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_CONFIG_TDP_LEVEL_1, &msr);
1564 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_CONFIG_TDP_LEVEL_1: 0x%08llx (", base_cpu, msr);
1565 	if (msr) {
1566 		fprintf(outf, "PKG_MIN_PWR_LVL1=%d ", (unsigned int)(msr >> 48) & 0x7FFF);
1567 		fprintf(outf, "PKG_MAX_PWR_LVL1=%d ", (unsigned int)(msr >> 32) & 0x7FFF);
1568 		fprintf(outf, "LVL1_RATIO=%d ", (unsigned int)(msr >> 16) & 0xFF);
1569 		fprintf(outf, "PKG_TDP_LVL1=%d", (unsigned int)(msr) & 0x7FFF);
1570 	}
1571 	fprintf(outf, ")\n");
1572 
1573 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_CONFIG_TDP_LEVEL_2, &msr);
1574 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_CONFIG_TDP_LEVEL_2: 0x%08llx (", base_cpu, msr);
1575 	if (msr) {
1576 		fprintf(outf, "PKG_MIN_PWR_LVL2=%d ", (unsigned int)(msr >> 48) & 0x7FFF);
1577 		fprintf(outf, "PKG_MAX_PWR_LVL2=%d ", (unsigned int)(msr >> 32) & 0x7FFF);
1578 		fprintf(outf, "LVL2_RATIO=%d ", (unsigned int)(msr >> 16) & 0xFF);
1579 		fprintf(outf, "PKG_TDP_LVL2=%d", (unsigned int)(msr) & 0x7FFF);
1580 	}
1581 	fprintf(outf, ")\n");
1582 
1583 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_CONFIG_TDP_CONTROL, &msr);
1584 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_CONFIG_TDP_CONTROL: 0x%08llx (", base_cpu, msr);
1585 	if ((msr) & 0x3)
1586 		fprintf(outf, "TDP_LEVEL=%d ", (unsigned int)(msr) & 0x3);
1587 	fprintf(outf, " lock=%d", (unsigned int)(msr >> 31) & 1);
1588 	fprintf(outf, ")\n");
1589 
1590 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_TURBO_ACTIVATION_RATIO, &msr);
1591 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_TURBO_ACTIVATION_RATIO: 0x%08llx (", base_cpu, msr);
1592 	fprintf(outf, "MAX_NON_TURBO_RATIO=%d", (unsigned int)(msr) & 0xFF);
1593 	fprintf(outf, " lock=%d", (unsigned int)(msr >> 31) & 1);
1594 	fprintf(outf, ")\n");
1595 }
1596 
1597 unsigned int irtl_time_units[] = {1, 32, 1024, 32768, 1048576, 33554432, 0, 0 };
1598 
1599 void print_irtl(void)
1600 {
1601 	unsigned long long msr;
1602 
1603 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_PKGC3_IRTL, &msr);
1604 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_PKGC3_IRTL: 0x%08llx (", base_cpu, msr);
1605 	fprintf(outf, "%svalid, %lld ns)\n", msr & (1 << 15) ? "" : "NOT",
1606 		(msr & 0x3FF) * irtl_time_units[(msr >> 10) & 0x3]);
1607 
1608 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_PKGC6_IRTL, &msr);
1609 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_PKGC6_IRTL: 0x%08llx (", base_cpu, msr);
1610 	fprintf(outf, "%svalid, %lld ns)\n", msr & (1 << 15) ? "" : "NOT",
1611 		(msr & 0x3FF) * irtl_time_units[(msr >> 10) & 0x3]);
1612 
1613 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_PKGC7_IRTL, &msr);
1614 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_PKGC7_IRTL: 0x%08llx (", base_cpu, msr);
1615 	fprintf(outf, "%svalid, %lld ns)\n", msr & (1 << 15) ? "" : "NOT",
1616 		(msr & 0x3FF) * irtl_time_units[(msr >> 10) & 0x3]);
1617 
1618 	if (!do_irtl_hsw)
1619 		return;
1620 
1621 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_PKGC8_IRTL, &msr);
1622 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_PKGC8_IRTL: 0x%08llx (", base_cpu, msr);
1623 	fprintf(outf, "%svalid, %lld ns)\n", msr & (1 << 15) ? "" : "NOT",
1624 		(msr & 0x3FF) * irtl_time_units[(msr >> 10) & 0x3]);
1625 
1626 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_PKGC9_IRTL, &msr);
1627 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_PKGC9_IRTL: 0x%08llx (", base_cpu, msr);
1628 	fprintf(outf, "%svalid, %lld ns)\n", msr & (1 << 15) ? "" : "NOT",
1629 		(msr & 0x3FF) * irtl_time_units[(msr >> 10) & 0x3]);
1630 
1631 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_PKGC10_IRTL, &msr);
1632 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_PKGC10_IRTL: 0x%08llx (", base_cpu, msr);
1633 	fprintf(outf, "%svalid, %lld ns)\n", msr & (1 << 15) ? "" : "NOT",
1634 		(msr & 0x3FF) * irtl_time_units[(msr >> 10) & 0x3]);
1635 
1636 }
1637 void free_fd_percpu(void)
1638 {
1639 	int i;
1640 
1641 	for (i = 0; i < topo.max_cpu_num; ++i) {
1642 		if (fd_percpu[i] != 0)
1643 			close(fd_percpu[i]);
1644 	}
1645 
1646 	free(fd_percpu);
1647 }
1648 
1649 void free_all_buffers(void)
1650 {
1651 	CPU_FREE(cpu_present_set);
1652 	cpu_present_set = NULL;
1653 	cpu_present_setsize = 0;
1654 
1655 	CPU_FREE(cpu_affinity_set);
1656 	cpu_affinity_set = NULL;
1657 	cpu_affinity_setsize = 0;
1658 
1659 	free(thread_even);
1660 	free(core_even);
1661 	free(package_even);
1662 
1663 	thread_even = NULL;
1664 	core_even = NULL;
1665 	package_even = NULL;
1666 
1667 	free(thread_odd);
1668 	free(core_odd);
1669 	free(package_odd);
1670 
1671 	thread_odd = NULL;
1672 	core_odd = NULL;
1673 	package_odd = NULL;
1674 
1675 	free(output_buffer);
1676 	output_buffer = NULL;
1677 	outp = NULL;
1678 
1679 	free_fd_percpu();
1680 
1681 	free(irq_column_2_cpu);
1682 	free(irqs_per_cpu);
1683 }
1684 
1685 /*
1686  * Open a file, and exit on failure
1687  */
1688 FILE *fopen_or_die(const char *path, const char *mode)
1689 {
1690 	FILE *filep = fopen(path, mode);
1691 	if (!filep)
1692 		err(1, "%s: open failed", path);
1693 	return filep;
1694 }
1695 
1696 /*
1697  * Parse a file containing a single int.
1698  */
1699 int parse_int_file(const char *fmt, ...)
1700 {
1701 	va_list args;
1702 	char path[PATH_MAX];
1703 	FILE *filep;
1704 	int value;
1705 
1706 	va_start(args, fmt);
1707 	vsnprintf(path, sizeof(path), fmt, args);
1708 	va_end(args);
1709 	filep = fopen_or_die(path, "r");
1710 	if (fscanf(filep, "%d", &value) != 1)
1711 		err(1, "%s: failed to parse number from file", path);
1712 	fclose(filep);
1713 	return value;
1714 }
1715 
1716 /*
1717  * get_cpu_position_in_core(cpu)
1718  * return the position of the CPU among its HT siblings in the core
1719  * return -1 if the sibling is not in list
1720  */
1721 int get_cpu_position_in_core(int cpu)
1722 {
1723 	char path[64];
1724 	FILE *filep;
1725 	int this_cpu;
1726 	char character;
1727 	int i;
1728 
1729 	sprintf(path,
1730 		"/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu%d/topology/thread_siblings_list",
1731 		cpu);
1732 	filep = fopen(path, "r");
1733 	if (filep == NULL) {
1734 		perror(path);
1735 		exit(1);
1736 	}
1737 
1738 	for (i = 0; i < topo.num_threads_per_core; i++) {
1739 		fscanf(filep, "%d", &this_cpu);
1740 		if (this_cpu == cpu) {
1741 			fclose(filep);
1742 			return i;
1743 		}
1744 
1745 		/* Account for no separator after last thread*/
1746 		if (i != (topo.num_threads_per_core - 1))
1747 			fscanf(filep, "%c", &character);
1748 	}
1749 
1750 	fclose(filep);
1751 	return -1;
1752 }
1753 
1754 /*
1755  * cpu_is_first_core_in_package(cpu)
1756  * return 1 if given CPU is 1st core in package
1757  */
1758 int cpu_is_first_core_in_package(int cpu)
1759 {
1760 	return cpu == parse_int_file("/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu%d/topology/core_siblings_list", cpu);
1761 }
1762 
1763 int get_physical_package_id(int cpu)
1764 {
1765 	return parse_int_file("/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu%d/topology/physical_package_id", cpu);
1766 }
1767 
1768 int get_core_id(int cpu)
1769 {
1770 	return parse_int_file("/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu%d/topology/core_id", cpu);
1771 }
1772 
1773 int get_num_ht_siblings(int cpu)
1774 {
1775 	char path[80];
1776 	FILE *filep;
1777 	int sib1;
1778 	int matches = 0;
1779 	char character;
1780 	char str[100];
1781 	char *ch;
1782 
1783 	sprintf(path, "/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu%d/topology/thread_siblings_list", cpu);
1784 	filep = fopen_or_die(path, "r");
1785 
1786 	/*
1787 	 * file format:
1788 	 * A ',' separated or '-' separated set of numbers
1789 	 * (eg 1-2 or 1,3,4,5)
1790 	 */
1791 	fscanf(filep, "%d%c\n", &sib1, &character);
1792 	fseek(filep, 0, SEEK_SET);
1793 	fgets(str, 100, filep);
1794 	ch = strchr(str, character);
1795 	while (ch != NULL) {
1796 		matches++;
1797 		ch = strchr(ch+1, character);
1798 	}
1799 
1800 	fclose(filep);
1801 	return matches+1;
1802 }
1803 
1804 /*
1805  * run func(thread, core, package) in topology order
1806  * skip non-present cpus
1807  */
1808 
1809 int for_all_cpus_2(int (func)(struct thread_data *, struct core_data *,
1810 	struct pkg_data *, struct thread_data *, struct core_data *,
1811 	struct pkg_data *), struct thread_data *thread_base,
1812 	struct core_data *core_base, struct pkg_data *pkg_base,
1813 	struct thread_data *thread_base2, struct core_data *core_base2,
1814 	struct pkg_data *pkg_base2)
1815 {
1816 	int retval, pkg_no, core_no, thread_no;
1817 
1818 	for (pkg_no = 0; pkg_no < topo.num_packages; ++pkg_no) {
1819 		for (core_no = 0; core_no < topo.num_cores_per_pkg; ++core_no) {
1820 			for (thread_no = 0; thread_no <
1821 				topo.num_threads_per_core; ++thread_no) {
1822 				struct thread_data *t, *t2;
1823 				struct core_data *c, *c2;
1824 				struct pkg_data *p, *p2;
1825 
1826 				t = GET_THREAD(thread_base, thread_no, core_no, pkg_no);
1827 
1828 				if (cpu_is_not_present(t->cpu_id))
1829 					continue;
1830 
1831 				t2 = GET_THREAD(thread_base2, thread_no, core_no, pkg_no);
1832 
1833 				c = GET_CORE(core_base, core_no, pkg_no);
1834 				c2 = GET_CORE(core_base2, core_no, pkg_no);
1835 
1836 				p = GET_PKG(pkg_base, pkg_no);
1837 				p2 = GET_PKG(pkg_base2, pkg_no);
1838 
1839 				retval = func(t, c, p, t2, c2, p2);
1840 				if (retval)
1841 					return retval;
1842 			}
1843 		}
1844 	}
1845 	return 0;
1846 }
1847 
1848 /*
1849  * run func(cpu) on every cpu in /proc/stat
1850  * return max_cpu number
1851  */
1852 int for_all_proc_cpus(int (func)(int))
1853 {
1854 	FILE *fp;
1855 	int cpu_num;
1856 	int retval;
1857 
1858 	fp = fopen_or_die(proc_stat, "r");
1859 
1860 	retval = fscanf(fp, "cpu %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d\n");
1861 	if (retval != 0)
1862 		err(1, "%s: failed to parse format", proc_stat);
1863 
1864 	while (1) {
1865 		retval = fscanf(fp, "cpu%u %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d\n", &cpu_num);
1866 		if (retval != 1)
1867 			break;
1868 
1869 		retval = func(cpu_num);
1870 		if (retval) {
1871 			fclose(fp);
1872 			return(retval);
1873 		}
1874 	}
1875 	fclose(fp);
1876 	return 0;
1877 }
1878 
1879 void re_initialize(void)
1880 {
1881 	free_all_buffers();
1882 	setup_all_buffers();
1883 	printf("turbostat: re-initialized with num_cpus %d\n", topo.num_cpus);
1884 }
1885 
1886 
1887 /*
1888  * count_cpus()
1889  * remember the last one seen, it will be the max
1890  */
1891 int count_cpus(int cpu)
1892 {
1893 	if (topo.max_cpu_num < cpu)
1894 		topo.max_cpu_num = cpu;
1895 
1896 	topo.num_cpus += 1;
1897 	return 0;
1898 }
1899 int mark_cpu_present(int cpu)
1900 {
1901 	CPU_SET_S(cpu, cpu_present_setsize, cpu_present_set);
1902 	return 0;
1903 }
1904 
1905 /*
1906  * snapshot_proc_interrupts()
1907  *
1908  * read and record summary of /proc/interrupts
1909  *
1910  * return 1 if config change requires a restart, else return 0
1911  */
1912 int snapshot_proc_interrupts(void)
1913 {
1914 	static FILE *fp;
1915 	int column, retval;
1916 
1917 	if (fp == NULL)
1918 		fp = fopen_or_die("/proc/interrupts", "r");
1919 	else
1920 		rewind(fp);
1921 
1922 	/* read 1st line of /proc/interrupts to get cpu* name for each column */
1923 	for (column = 0; column < topo.num_cpus; ++column) {
1924 		int cpu_number;
1925 
1926 		retval = fscanf(fp, " CPU%d", &cpu_number);
1927 		if (retval != 1)
1928 			break;
1929 
1930 		if (cpu_number > topo.max_cpu_num) {
1931 			warn("/proc/interrupts: cpu%d: > %d", cpu_number, topo.max_cpu_num);
1932 			return 1;
1933 		}
1934 
1935 		irq_column_2_cpu[column] = cpu_number;
1936 		irqs_per_cpu[cpu_number] = 0;
1937 	}
1938 
1939 	/* read /proc/interrupt count lines and sum up irqs per cpu */
1940 	while (1) {
1941 		int column;
1942 		char buf[64];
1943 
1944 		retval = fscanf(fp, " %s:", buf);	/* flush irq# "N:" */
1945 		if (retval != 1)
1946 			break;
1947 
1948 		/* read the count per cpu */
1949 		for (column = 0; column < topo.num_cpus; ++column) {
1950 
1951 			int cpu_number, irq_count;
1952 
1953 			retval = fscanf(fp, " %d", &irq_count);
1954 			if (retval != 1)
1955 				break;
1956 
1957 			cpu_number = irq_column_2_cpu[column];
1958 			irqs_per_cpu[cpu_number] += irq_count;
1959 
1960 		}
1961 
1962 		while (getc(fp) != '\n')
1963 			;	/* flush interrupt description */
1964 
1965 	}
1966 	return 0;
1967 }
1968 /*
1969  * snapshot_gfx_rc6_ms()
1970  *
1971  * record snapshot of
1972  * /sys/class/drm/card0/power/rc6_residency_ms
1973  *
1974  * return 1 if config change requires a restart, else return 0
1975  */
1976 int snapshot_gfx_rc6_ms(void)
1977 {
1978 	FILE *fp;
1979 	int retval;
1980 
1981 	fp = fopen_or_die("/sys/class/drm/card0/power/rc6_residency_ms", "r");
1982 
1983 	retval = fscanf(fp, "%lld", &gfx_cur_rc6_ms);
1984 	if (retval != 1)
1985 		err(1, "GFX rc6");
1986 
1987 	fclose(fp);
1988 
1989 	return 0;
1990 }
1991 /*
1992  * snapshot_gfx_mhz()
1993  *
1994  * record snapshot of
1995  * /sys/class/graphics/fb0/device/drm/card0/gt_cur_freq_mhz
1996  *
1997  * return 1 if config change requires a restart, else return 0
1998  */
1999 int snapshot_gfx_mhz(void)
2000 {
2001 	static FILE *fp;
2002 	int retval;
2003 
2004 	if (fp == NULL)
2005 		fp = fopen_or_die("/sys/class/graphics/fb0/device/drm/card0/gt_cur_freq_mhz", "r");
2006 	else
2007 		rewind(fp);
2008 
2009 	retval = fscanf(fp, "%d", &gfx_cur_mhz);
2010 	if (retval != 1)
2011 		err(1, "GFX MHz");
2012 
2013 	return 0;
2014 }
2015 
2016 /*
2017  * snapshot /proc and /sys files
2018  *
2019  * return 1 if configuration restart needed, else return 0
2020  */
2021 int snapshot_proc_sysfs_files(void)
2022 {
2023 	if (snapshot_proc_interrupts())
2024 		return 1;
2025 
2026 	if (do_gfx_rc6_ms)
2027 		snapshot_gfx_rc6_ms();
2028 
2029 	if (do_gfx_mhz)
2030 		snapshot_gfx_mhz();
2031 
2032 	return 0;
2033 }
2034 
2035 void turbostat_loop()
2036 {
2037 	int retval;
2038 	int restarted = 0;
2039 
2040 restart:
2041 	restarted++;
2042 
2043 	snapshot_proc_sysfs_files();
2044 	retval = for_all_cpus(get_counters, EVEN_COUNTERS);
2045 	if (retval < -1) {
2046 		exit(retval);
2047 	} else if (retval == -1) {
2048 		if (restarted > 1) {
2049 			exit(retval);
2050 		}
2051 		re_initialize();
2052 		goto restart;
2053 	}
2054 	restarted = 0;
2055 	gettimeofday(&tv_even, (struct timezone *)NULL);
2056 
2057 	while (1) {
2058 		if (for_all_proc_cpus(cpu_is_not_present)) {
2059 			re_initialize();
2060 			goto restart;
2061 		}
2062 		nanosleep(&interval_ts, NULL);
2063 		if (snapshot_proc_sysfs_files())
2064 			goto restart;
2065 		retval = for_all_cpus(get_counters, ODD_COUNTERS);
2066 		if (retval < -1) {
2067 			exit(retval);
2068 		} else if (retval == -1) {
2069 			re_initialize();
2070 			goto restart;
2071 		}
2072 		gettimeofday(&tv_odd, (struct timezone *)NULL);
2073 		timersub(&tv_odd, &tv_even, &tv_delta);
2074 		for_all_cpus_2(delta_cpu, ODD_COUNTERS, EVEN_COUNTERS);
2075 		compute_average(EVEN_COUNTERS);
2076 		format_all_counters(EVEN_COUNTERS);
2077 		flush_output_stdout();
2078 		nanosleep(&interval_ts, NULL);
2079 		if (snapshot_proc_sysfs_files())
2080 			goto restart;
2081 		retval = for_all_cpus(get_counters, EVEN_COUNTERS);
2082 		if (retval < -1) {
2083 			exit(retval);
2084 		} else if (retval == -1) {
2085 			re_initialize();
2086 			goto restart;
2087 		}
2088 		gettimeofday(&tv_even, (struct timezone *)NULL);
2089 		timersub(&tv_even, &tv_odd, &tv_delta);
2090 		for_all_cpus_2(delta_cpu, EVEN_COUNTERS, ODD_COUNTERS);
2091 		compute_average(ODD_COUNTERS);
2092 		format_all_counters(ODD_COUNTERS);
2093 		flush_output_stdout();
2094 	}
2095 }
2096 
2097 void check_dev_msr()
2098 {
2099 	struct stat sb;
2100 	char pathname[32];
2101 
2102 	sprintf(pathname, "/dev/cpu/%d/msr", base_cpu);
2103 	if (stat(pathname, &sb))
2104  		if (system("/sbin/modprobe msr > /dev/null 2>&1"))
2105 			err(-5, "no /dev/cpu/0/msr, Try \"# modprobe msr\" ");
2106 }
2107 
2108 void check_permissions()
2109 {
2110 	struct __user_cap_header_struct cap_header_data;
2111 	cap_user_header_t cap_header = &cap_header_data;
2112 	struct __user_cap_data_struct cap_data_data;
2113 	cap_user_data_t cap_data = &cap_data_data;
2114 	extern int capget(cap_user_header_t hdrp, cap_user_data_t datap);
2115 	int do_exit = 0;
2116 	char pathname[32];
2117 
2118 	/* check for CAP_SYS_RAWIO */
2119 	cap_header->pid = getpid();
2120 	cap_header->version = _LINUX_CAPABILITY_VERSION;
2121 	if (capget(cap_header, cap_data) < 0)
2122 		err(-6, "capget(2) failed");
2123 
2124 	if ((cap_data->effective & (1 << CAP_SYS_RAWIO)) == 0) {
2125 		do_exit++;
2126 		warnx("capget(CAP_SYS_RAWIO) failed,"
2127 			" try \"# setcap cap_sys_rawio=ep %s\"", progname);
2128 	}
2129 
2130 	/* test file permissions */
2131 	sprintf(pathname, "/dev/cpu/%d/msr", base_cpu);
2132 	if (euidaccess(pathname, R_OK)) {
2133 		do_exit++;
2134 		warn("/dev/cpu/0/msr open failed, try chown or chmod +r /dev/cpu/*/msr");
2135 	}
2136 
2137 	/* if all else fails, thell them to be root */
2138 	if (do_exit)
2139 		if (getuid() != 0)
2140 			warnx("... or simply run as root");
2141 
2142 	if (do_exit)
2143 		exit(-6);
2144 }
2145 
2146 /*
2147  * NHM adds support for additional MSRs:
2148  *
2149  * MSR_SMI_COUNT                   0x00000034
2150  *
2151  * MSR_PLATFORM_INFO               0x000000ce
2152  * MSR_NHM_SNB_PKG_CST_CFG_CTL     0x000000e2
2153  *
2154  * MSR_PKG_C3_RESIDENCY            0x000003f8
2155  * MSR_PKG_C6_RESIDENCY            0x000003f9
2156  * MSR_CORE_C3_RESIDENCY           0x000003fc
2157  * MSR_CORE_C6_RESIDENCY           0x000003fd
2158  *
2159  * Side effect:
2160  * sets global pkg_cstate_limit to decode MSR_NHM_SNB_PKG_CST_CFG_CTL
2161  */
2162 int probe_nhm_msrs(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
2163 {
2164 	unsigned long long msr;
2165 	unsigned int base_ratio;
2166 	int *pkg_cstate_limits;
2167 
2168 	if (!genuine_intel)
2169 		return 0;
2170 
2171 	if (family != 6)
2172 		return 0;
2173 
2174 	bclk = discover_bclk(family, model);
2175 
2176 	switch (model) {
2177 	case 0x1A:	/* Core i7, Xeon 5500 series - Bloomfield, Gainstown NHM-EP */
2178 	case 0x1E:	/* Core i7 and i5 Processor - Clarksfield, Lynnfield, Jasper Forest */
2179 	case 0x1F:	/* Core i7 and i5 Processor - Nehalem */
2180 	case 0x25:	/* Westmere Client - Clarkdale, Arrandale */
2181 	case 0x2C:	/* Westmere EP - Gulftown */
2182 	case 0x2E:	/* Nehalem-EX Xeon - Beckton */
2183 	case 0x2F:	/* Westmere-EX Xeon - Eagleton */
2184 		pkg_cstate_limits = nhm_pkg_cstate_limits;
2185 		break;
2186 	case 0x2A:	/* SNB */
2187 	case 0x2D:	/* SNB Xeon */
2188 	case 0x3A:	/* IVB */
2189 	case 0x3E:	/* IVB Xeon */
2190 		pkg_cstate_limits = snb_pkg_cstate_limits;
2191 		break;
2192 	case 0x3C:	/* HSW */
2193 	case 0x3F:	/* HSX */
2194 	case 0x45:	/* HSW */
2195 	case 0x46:	/* HSW */
2196 	case 0x3D:	/* BDW */
2197 	case 0x47:	/* BDW */
2198 	case 0x4F:	/* BDX */
2199 	case 0x56:	/* BDX-DE */
2200 	case 0x4E:	/* SKL */
2201 	case 0x5E:	/* SKL */
2202 	case 0x8E:	/* KBL */
2203 	case 0x9E:	/* KBL */
2204 	case 0x55:	/* SKX */
2205 		pkg_cstate_limits = hsw_pkg_cstate_limits;
2206 		break;
2207 	case 0x37:	/* BYT */
2208 	case 0x4D:	/* AVN */
2209 		pkg_cstate_limits = slv_pkg_cstate_limits;
2210 		break;
2211 	case 0x4C:	/* AMT */
2212 		pkg_cstate_limits = amt_pkg_cstate_limits;
2213 		break;
2214 	case 0x57:	/* PHI */
2215 		pkg_cstate_limits = phi_pkg_cstate_limits;
2216 		break;
2217 	case 0x5C:	/* BXT */
2218 		pkg_cstate_limits = bxt_pkg_cstate_limits;
2219 		break;
2220 	default:
2221 		return 0;
2222 	}
2223 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_NHM_SNB_PKG_CST_CFG_CTL, &msr);
2224 	pkg_cstate_limit = pkg_cstate_limits[msr & 0xF];
2225 
2226 	get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_PLATFORM_INFO, &msr);
2227 	base_ratio = (msr >> 8) & 0xFF;
2228 
2229 	base_hz = base_ratio * bclk * 1000000;
2230 	has_base_hz = 1;
2231 	return 1;
2232 }
2233 int has_nhm_turbo_ratio_limit(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
2234 {
2235 	switch (model) {
2236 	/* Nehalem compatible, but do not include turbo-ratio limit support */
2237 	case 0x2E:	/* Nehalem-EX Xeon - Beckton */
2238 	case 0x2F:	/* Westmere-EX Xeon - Eagleton */
2239 	case 0x57:	/* PHI - Knights Landing (different MSR definition) */
2240 		return 0;
2241 	default:
2242 		return 1;
2243 	}
2244 }
2245 int has_ivt_turbo_ratio_limit(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
2246 {
2247 	if (!genuine_intel)
2248 		return 0;
2249 
2250 	if (family != 6)
2251 		return 0;
2252 
2253 	switch (model) {
2254 	case 0x3E:	/* IVB Xeon */
2255 	case 0x3F:	/* HSW Xeon */
2256 		return 1;
2257 	default:
2258 		return 0;
2259 	}
2260 }
2261 int has_hsw_turbo_ratio_limit(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
2262 {
2263 	if (!genuine_intel)
2264 		return 0;
2265 
2266 	if (family != 6)
2267 		return 0;
2268 
2269 	switch (model) {
2270 	case 0x3F:	/* HSW Xeon */
2271 		return 1;
2272 	default:
2273 		return 0;
2274 	}
2275 }
2276 
2277 int has_knl_turbo_ratio_limit(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
2278 {
2279 	if (!genuine_intel)
2280 		return 0;
2281 
2282 	if (family != 6)
2283 		return 0;
2284 
2285 	switch (model) {
2286 	case 0x57:	/* Knights Landing */
2287 		return 1;
2288 	default:
2289 		return 0;
2290 	}
2291 }
2292 int has_config_tdp(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
2293 {
2294 	if (!genuine_intel)
2295 		return 0;
2296 
2297 	if (family != 6)
2298 		return 0;
2299 
2300 	switch (model) {
2301 	case 0x3A:	/* IVB */
2302 	case 0x3C:	/* HSW */
2303 	case 0x3F:	/* HSX */
2304 	case 0x45:	/* HSW */
2305 	case 0x46:	/* HSW */
2306 	case 0x3D:	/* BDW */
2307 	case 0x47:	/* BDW */
2308 	case 0x4F:	/* BDX */
2309 	case 0x56:	/* BDX-DE */
2310 	case 0x4E:	/* SKL */
2311 	case 0x5E:	/* SKL */
2312 	case 0x8E:	/* KBL */
2313 	case 0x9E:	/* KBL */
2314 	case 0x55:	/* SKX */
2315 
2316 	case 0x57:	/* Knights Landing */
2317 		return 1;
2318 	default:
2319 		return 0;
2320 	}
2321 }
2322 
2323 static void
2324 dump_cstate_pstate_config_info(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
2325 {
2326 	if (!do_nhm_platform_info)
2327 		return;
2328 
2329 	dump_nhm_platform_info();
2330 
2331 	if (has_hsw_turbo_ratio_limit(family, model))
2332 		dump_hsw_turbo_ratio_limits();
2333 
2334 	if (has_ivt_turbo_ratio_limit(family, model))
2335 		dump_ivt_turbo_ratio_limits();
2336 
2337 	if (has_nhm_turbo_ratio_limit(family, model))
2338 		dump_nhm_turbo_ratio_limits();
2339 
2340 	if (has_knl_turbo_ratio_limit(family, model))
2341 		dump_knl_turbo_ratio_limits();
2342 
2343 	if (has_config_tdp(family, model))
2344 		dump_config_tdp();
2345 
2346 	dump_nhm_cst_cfg();
2347 }
2348 
2349 
2350 /*
2351  * print_epb()
2352  * Decode the ENERGY_PERF_BIAS MSR
2353  */
2354 int print_epb(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c, struct pkg_data *p)
2355 {
2356 	unsigned long long msr;
2357 	char *epb_string;
2358 	int cpu;
2359 
2360 	if (!has_epb)
2361 		return 0;
2362 
2363 	cpu = t->cpu_id;
2364 
2365 	/* EPB is per-package */
2366 	if (!(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE) || !(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE))
2367 		return 0;
2368 
2369 	if (cpu_migrate(cpu)) {
2370 		fprintf(outf, "Could not migrate to CPU %d\n", cpu);
2371 		return -1;
2372 	}
2373 
2374 	if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_IA32_ENERGY_PERF_BIAS, &msr))
2375 		return 0;
2376 
2377 	switch (msr & 0xF) {
2378 	case ENERGY_PERF_BIAS_PERFORMANCE:
2379 		epb_string = "performance";
2380 		break;
2381 	case ENERGY_PERF_BIAS_NORMAL:
2382 		epb_string = "balanced";
2383 		break;
2384 	case ENERGY_PERF_BIAS_POWERSAVE:
2385 		epb_string = "powersave";
2386 		break;
2387 	default:
2388 		epb_string = "custom";
2389 		break;
2390 	}
2391 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_IA32_ENERGY_PERF_BIAS: 0x%08llx (%s)\n", cpu, msr, epb_string);
2392 
2393 	return 0;
2394 }
2395 /*
2396  * print_hwp()
2397  * Decode the MSR_HWP_CAPABILITIES
2398  */
2399 int print_hwp(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c, struct pkg_data *p)
2400 {
2401 	unsigned long long msr;
2402 	int cpu;
2403 
2404 	if (!has_hwp)
2405 		return 0;
2406 
2407 	cpu = t->cpu_id;
2408 
2409 	/* MSR_HWP_CAPABILITIES is per-package */
2410 	if (!(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE) || !(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE))
2411 		return 0;
2412 
2413 	if (cpu_migrate(cpu)) {
2414 		fprintf(outf, "Could not migrate to CPU %d\n", cpu);
2415 		return -1;
2416 	}
2417 
2418 	if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PM_ENABLE, &msr))
2419 		return 0;
2420 
2421 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_PM_ENABLE: 0x%08llx (%sHWP)\n",
2422 		cpu, msr, (msr & (1 << 0)) ? "" : "No-");
2423 
2424 	/* MSR_PM_ENABLE[1] == 1 if HWP is enabled and MSRs visible */
2425 	if ((msr & (1 << 0)) == 0)
2426 		return 0;
2427 
2428 	if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_HWP_CAPABILITIES, &msr))
2429 		return 0;
2430 
2431 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_HWP_CAPABILITIES: 0x%08llx "
2432 			"(high 0x%x guar 0x%x eff 0x%x low 0x%x)\n",
2433 			cpu, msr,
2434 			(unsigned int)HWP_HIGHEST_PERF(msr),
2435 			(unsigned int)HWP_GUARANTEED_PERF(msr),
2436 			(unsigned int)HWP_MOSTEFFICIENT_PERF(msr),
2437 			(unsigned int)HWP_LOWEST_PERF(msr));
2438 
2439 	if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_HWP_REQUEST, &msr))
2440 		return 0;
2441 
2442 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_HWP_REQUEST: 0x%08llx "
2443 			"(min 0x%x max 0x%x des 0x%x epp 0x%x window 0x%x pkg 0x%x)\n",
2444 			cpu, msr,
2445 			(unsigned int)(((msr) >> 0) & 0xff),
2446 			(unsigned int)(((msr) >> 8) & 0xff),
2447 			(unsigned int)(((msr) >> 16) & 0xff),
2448 			(unsigned int)(((msr) >> 24) & 0xff),
2449 			(unsigned int)(((msr) >> 32) & 0xff3),
2450 			(unsigned int)(((msr) >> 42) & 0x1));
2451 
2452 	if (has_hwp_pkg) {
2453 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_HWP_REQUEST_PKG, &msr))
2454 			return 0;
2455 
2456 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_HWP_REQUEST_PKG: 0x%08llx "
2457 			"(min 0x%x max 0x%x des 0x%x epp 0x%x window 0x%x)\n",
2458 			cpu, msr,
2459 			(unsigned int)(((msr) >> 0) & 0xff),
2460 			(unsigned int)(((msr) >> 8) & 0xff),
2461 			(unsigned int)(((msr) >> 16) & 0xff),
2462 			(unsigned int)(((msr) >> 24) & 0xff),
2463 			(unsigned int)(((msr) >> 32) & 0xff3));
2464 	}
2465 	if (has_hwp_notify) {
2466 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_HWP_INTERRUPT, &msr))
2467 			return 0;
2468 
2469 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_HWP_INTERRUPT: 0x%08llx "
2470 			"(%s_Guaranteed_Perf_Change, %s_Excursion_Min)\n",
2471 			cpu, msr,
2472 			((msr) & 0x1) ? "EN" : "Dis",
2473 			((msr) & 0x2) ? "EN" : "Dis");
2474 	}
2475 	if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_HWP_STATUS, &msr))
2476 		return 0;
2477 
2478 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_HWP_STATUS: 0x%08llx "
2479 			"(%sGuaranteed_Perf_Change, %sExcursion_Min)\n",
2480 			cpu, msr,
2481 			((msr) & 0x1) ? "" : "No-",
2482 			((msr) & 0x2) ? "" : "No-");
2483 
2484 	return 0;
2485 }
2486 
2487 /*
2488  * print_perf_limit()
2489  */
2490 int print_perf_limit(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c, struct pkg_data *p)
2491 {
2492 	unsigned long long msr;
2493 	int cpu;
2494 
2495 	cpu = t->cpu_id;
2496 
2497 	/* per-package */
2498 	if (!(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE) || !(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE))
2499 		return 0;
2500 
2501 	if (cpu_migrate(cpu)) {
2502 		fprintf(outf, "Could not migrate to CPU %d\n", cpu);
2503 		return -1;
2504 	}
2505 
2506 	if (do_core_perf_limit_reasons) {
2507 		get_msr(cpu, MSR_CORE_PERF_LIMIT_REASONS, &msr);
2508 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_CORE_PERF_LIMIT_REASONS, 0x%08llx", cpu, msr);
2509 		fprintf(outf, " (Active: %s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s)",
2510 			(msr & 1 << 15) ? "bit15, " : "",
2511 			(msr & 1 << 14) ? "bit14, " : "",
2512 			(msr & 1 << 13) ? "Transitions, " : "",
2513 			(msr & 1 << 12) ? "MultiCoreTurbo, " : "",
2514 			(msr & 1 << 11) ? "PkgPwrL2, " : "",
2515 			(msr & 1 << 10) ? "PkgPwrL1, " : "",
2516 			(msr & 1 << 9) ? "CorePwr, " : "",
2517 			(msr & 1 << 8) ? "Amps, " : "",
2518 			(msr & 1 << 6) ? "VR-Therm, " : "",
2519 			(msr & 1 << 5) ? "Auto-HWP, " : "",
2520 			(msr & 1 << 4) ? "Graphics, " : "",
2521 			(msr & 1 << 2) ? "bit2, " : "",
2522 			(msr & 1 << 1) ? "ThermStatus, " : "",
2523 			(msr & 1 << 0) ? "PROCHOT, " : "");
2524 		fprintf(outf, " (Logged: %s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s)\n",
2525 			(msr & 1 << 31) ? "bit31, " : "",
2526 			(msr & 1 << 30) ? "bit30, " : "",
2527 			(msr & 1 << 29) ? "Transitions, " : "",
2528 			(msr & 1 << 28) ? "MultiCoreTurbo, " : "",
2529 			(msr & 1 << 27) ? "PkgPwrL2, " : "",
2530 			(msr & 1 << 26) ? "PkgPwrL1, " : "",
2531 			(msr & 1 << 25) ? "CorePwr, " : "",
2532 			(msr & 1 << 24) ? "Amps, " : "",
2533 			(msr & 1 << 22) ? "VR-Therm, " : "",
2534 			(msr & 1 << 21) ? "Auto-HWP, " : "",
2535 			(msr & 1 << 20) ? "Graphics, " : "",
2536 			(msr & 1 << 18) ? "bit18, " : "",
2537 			(msr & 1 << 17) ? "ThermStatus, " : "",
2538 			(msr & 1 << 16) ? "PROCHOT, " : "");
2539 
2540 	}
2541 	if (do_gfx_perf_limit_reasons) {
2542 		get_msr(cpu, MSR_GFX_PERF_LIMIT_REASONS, &msr);
2543 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_GFX_PERF_LIMIT_REASONS, 0x%08llx", cpu, msr);
2544 		fprintf(outf, " (Active: %s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s)",
2545 			(msr & 1 << 0) ? "PROCHOT, " : "",
2546 			(msr & 1 << 1) ? "ThermStatus, " : "",
2547 			(msr & 1 << 4) ? "Graphics, " : "",
2548 			(msr & 1 << 6) ? "VR-Therm, " : "",
2549 			(msr & 1 << 8) ? "Amps, " : "",
2550 			(msr & 1 << 9) ? "GFXPwr, " : "",
2551 			(msr & 1 << 10) ? "PkgPwrL1, " : "",
2552 			(msr & 1 << 11) ? "PkgPwrL2, " : "");
2553 		fprintf(outf, " (Logged: %s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s)\n",
2554 			(msr & 1 << 16) ? "PROCHOT, " : "",
2555 			(msr & 1 << 17) ? "ThermStatus, " : "",
2556 			(msr & 1 << 20) ? "Graphics, " : "",
2557 			(msr & 1 << 22) ? "VR-Therm, " : "",
2558 			(msr & 1 << 24) ? "Amps, " : "",
2559 			(msr & 1 << 25) ? "GFXPwr, " : "",
2560 			(msr & 1 << 26) ? "PkgPwrL1, " : "",
2561 			(msr & 1 << 27) ? "PkgPwrL2, " : "");
2562 	}
2563 	if (do_ring_perf_limit_reasons) {
2564 		get_msr(cpu, MSR_RING_PERF_LIMIT_REASONS, &msr);
2565 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_RING_PERF_LIMIT_REASONS, 0x%08llx", cpu, msr);
2566 		fprintf(outf, " (Active: %s%s%s%s%s%s)",
2567 			(msr & 1 << 0) ? "PROCHOT, " : "",
2568 			(msr & 1 << 1) ? "ThermStatus, " : "",
2569 			(msr & 1 << 6) ? "VR-Therm, " : "",
2570 			(msr & 1 << 8) ? "Amps, " : "",
2571 			(msr & 1 << 10) ? "PkgPwrL1, " : "",
2572 			(msr & 1 << 11) ? "PkgPwrL2, " : "");
2573 		fprintf(outf, " (Logged: %s%s%s%s%s%s)\n",
2574 			(msr & 1 << 16) ? "PROCHOT, " : "",
2575 			(msr & 1 << 17) ? "ThermStatus, " : "",
2576 			(msr & 1 << 22) ? "VR-Therm, " : "",
2577 			(msr & 1 << 24) ? "Amps, " : "",
2578 			(msr & 1 << 26) ? "PkgPwrL1, " : "",
2579 			(msr & 1 << 27) ? "PkgPwrL2, " : "");
2580 	}
2581 	return 0;
2582 }
2583 
2584 #define	RAPL_POWER_GRANULARITY	0x7FFF	/* 15 bit power granularity */
2585 #define	RAPL_TIME_GRANULARITY	0x3F /* 6 bit time granularity */
2586 
2587 double get_tdp(unsigned int model)
2588 {
2589 	unsigned long long msr;
2590 
2591 	if (do_rapl & RAPL_PKG_POWER_INFO)
2592 		if (!get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_PKG_POWER_INFO, &msr))
2593 			return ((msr >> 0) & RAPL_POWER_GRANULARITY) * rapl_power_units;
2594 
2595 	switch (model) {
2596 	case 0x37:
2597 	case 0x4D:
2598 		return 30.0;
2599 	default:
2600 		return 135.0;
2601 	}
2602 }
2603 
2604 /*
2605  * rapl_dram_energy_units_probe()
2606  * Energy units are either hard-coded, or come from RAPL Energy Unit MSR.
2607  */
2608 static double
2609 rapl_dram_energy_units_probe(int  model, double rapl_energy_units)
2610 {
2611 	/* only called for genuine_intel, family 6 */
2612 
2613 	switch (model) {
2614 	case 0x3F:	/* HSX */
2615 	case 0x4F:	/* BDX */
2616 	case 0x56:	/* BDX-DE */
2617 	case 0x57:	/* KNL */
2618 		return (rapl_dram_energy_units = 15.3 / 1000000);
2619 	default:
2620 		return (rapl_energy_units);
2621 	}
2622 }
2623 
2624 
2625 /*
2626  * rapl_probe()
2627  *
2628  * sets do_rapl, rapl_power_units, rapl_energy_units, rapl_time_units
2629  */
2630 void rapl_probe(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
2631 {
2632 	unsigned long long msr;
2633 	unsigned int time_unit;
2634 	double tdp;
2635 
2636 	if (!genuine_intel)
2637 		return;
2638 
2639 	if (family != 6)
2640 		return;
2641 
2642 	switch (model) {
2643 	case 0x2A:
2644 	case 0x3A:
2645 	case 0x3C:	/* HSW */
2646 	case 0x45:	/* HSW */
2647 	case 0x46:	/* HSW */
2648 	case 0x3D:	/* BDW */
2649 	case 0x47:	/* BDW */
2650 		do_rapl = RAPL_PKG | RAPL_CORES | RAPL_CORE_POLICY | RAPL_GFX | RAPL_PKG_POWER_INFO;
2651 		break;
2652 	case 0x5C:	/* BXT */
2653 		do_rapl = RAPL_PKG | RAPL_PKG_POWER_INFO;
2654 		break;
2655 	case 0x4E:	/* SKL */
2656 	case 0x5E:	/* SKL */
2657 	case 0x8E:	/* KBL */
2658 	case 0x9E:	/* KBL */
2659 		do_rapl = RAPL_PKG | RAPL_DRAM | RAPL_DRAM_PERF_STATUS | RAPL_PKG_PERF_STATUS | RAPL_PKG_POWER_INFO;
2660 		break;
2661 	case 0x3F:	/* HSX */
2662 	case 0x4F:	/* BDX */
2663 	case 0x56:	/* BDX-DE */
2664 	case 0x55:	/* SKX */
2665 	case 0x57:	/* KNL */
2666 		do_rapl = RAPL_PKG | RAPL_DRAM | RAPL_DRAM_POWER_INFO | RAPL_DRAM_PERF_STATUS | RAPL_PKG_PERF_STATUS | RAPL_PKG_POWER_INFO;
2667 		break;
2668 	case 0x2D:
2669 	case 0x3E:
2670 		do_rapl = RAPL_PKG | RAPL_CORES | RAPL_CORE_POLICY | RAPL_DRAM | RAPL_DRAM_POWER_INFO | RAPL_PKG_PERF_STATUS | RAPL_DRAM_PERF_STATUS | RAPL_PKG_POWER_INFO;
2671 		break;
2672 	case 0x37:	/* BYT */
2673 	case 0x4D:	/* AVN */
2674 		do_rapl = RAPL_PKG | RAPL_CORES ;
2675 		break;
2676 	default:
2677 		return;
2678 	}
2679 
2680 	/* units on package 0, verify later other packages match */
2681 	if (get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_RAPL_POWER_UNIT, &msr))
2682 		return;
2683 
2684 	rapl_power_units = 1.0 / (1 << (msr & 0xF));
2685 	if (model == 0x37)
2686 		rapl_energy_units = 1.0 * (1 << (msr >> 8 & 0x1F)) / 1000000;
2687 	else
2688 		rapl_energy_units = 1.0 / (1 << (msr >> 8 & 0x1F));
2689 
2690 	rapl_dram_energy_units = rapl_dram_energy_units_probe(model, rapl_energy_units);
2691 
2692 	time_unit = msr >> 16 & 0xF;
2693 	if (time_unit == 0)
2694 		time_unit = 0xA;
2695 
2696 	rapl_time_units = 1.0 / (1 << (time_unit));
2697 
2698 	tdp = get_tdp(model);
2699 
2700 	rapl_joule_counter_range = 0xFFFFFFFF * rapl_energy_units / tdp;
2701 	if (debug)
2702 		fprintf(outf, "RAPL: %.0f sec. Joule Counter Range, at %.0f Watts\n", rapl_joule_counter_range, tdp);
2703 
2704 	return;
2705 }
2706 
2707 void perf_limit_reasons_probe(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
2708 {
2709 	if (!genuine_intel)
2710 		return;
2711 
2712 	if (family != 6)
2713 		return;
2714 
2715 	switch (model) {
2716 	case 0x3C:	/* HSW */
2717 	case 0x45:	/* HSW */
2718 	case 0x46:	/* HSW */
2719 		do_gfx_perf_limit_reasons = 1;
2720 	case 0x3F:	/* HSX */
2721 		do_core_perf_limit_reasons = 1;
2722 		do_ring_perf_limit_reasons = 1;
2723 	default:
2724 		return;
2725 	}
2726 }
2727 
2728 int print_thermal(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c, struct pkg_data *p)
2729 {
2730 	unsigned long long msr;
2731 	unsigned int dts;
2732 	int cpu;
2733 
2734 	if (!(do_dts || do_ptm))
2735 		return 0;
2736 
2737 	cpu = t->cpu_id;
2738 
2739 	/* DTS is per-core, no need to print for each thread */
2740 	if (!(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE))
2741 		return 0;
2742 
2743 	if (cpu_migrate(cpu)) {
2744 		fprintf(outf, "Could not migrate to CPU %d\n", cpu);
2745 		return -1;
2746 	}
2747 
2748 	if (do_ptm && (t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE)) {
2749 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_IA32_PACKAGE_THERM_STATUS, &msr))
2750 			return 0;
2751 
2752 		dts = (msr >> 16) & 0x7F;
2753 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_IA32_PACKAGE_THERM_STATUS: 0x%08llx (%d C)\n",
2754 			cpu, msr, tcc_activation_temp - dts);
2755 
2756 #ifdef	THERM_DEBUG
2757 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_IA32_PACKAGE_THERM_INTERRUPT, &msr))
2758 			return 0;
2759 
2760 		dts = (msr >> 16) & 0x7F;
2761 		dts2 = (msr >> 8) & 0x7F;
2762 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_IA32_PACKAGE_THERM_INTERRUPT: 0x%08llx (%d C, %d C)\n",
2763 			cpu, msr, tcc_activation_temp - dts, tcc_activation_temp - dts2);
2764 #endif
2765 	}
2766 
2767 
2768 	if (do_dts) {
2769 		unsigned int resolution;
2770 
2771 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_IA32_THERM_STATUS, &msr))
2772 			return 0;
2773 
2774 		dts = (msr >> 16) & 0x7F;
2775 		resolution = (msr >> 27) & 0xF;
2776 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_IA32_THERM_STATUS: 0x%08llx (%d C +/- %d)\n",
2777 			cpu, msr, tcc_activation_temp - dts, resolution);
2778 
2779 #ifdef THERM_DEBUG
2780 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_IA32_THERM_INTERRUPT, &msr))
2781 			return 0;
2782 
2783 		dts = (msr >> 16) & 0x7F;
2784 		dts2 = (msr >> 8) & 0x7F;
2785 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_IA32_THERM_INTERRUPT: 0x%08llx (%d C, %d C)\n",
2786 			cpu, msr, tcc_activation_temp - dts, tcc_activation_temp - dts2);
2787 #endif
2788 	}
2789 
2790 	return 0;
2791 }
2792 
2793 void print_power_limit_msr(int cpu, unsigned long long msr, char *label)
2794 {
2795 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: %s: %sabled (%f Watts, %f sec, clamp %sabled)\n",
2796 		cpu, label,
2797 		((msr >> 15) & 1) ? "EN" : "DIS",
2798 		((msr >> 0) & 0x7FFF) * rapl_power_units,
2799 		(1.0 + (((msr >> 22) & 0x3)/4.0)) * (1 << ((msr >> 17) & 0x1F)) * rapl_time_units,
2800 		(((msr >> 16) & 1) ? "EN" : "DIS"));
2801 
2802 	return;
2803 }
2804 
2805 int print_rapl(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c, struct pkg_data *p)
2806 {
2807 	unsigned long long msr;
2808 	int cpu;
2809 
2810 	if (!do_rapl)
2811 		return 0;
2812 
2813 	/* RAPL counters are per package, so print only for 1st thread/package */
2814 	if (!(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE) || !(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE))
2815 		return 0;
2816 
2817 	cpu = t->cpu_id;
2818 	if (cpu_migrate(cpu)) {
2819 		fprintf(outf, "Could not migrate to CPU %d\n", cpu);
2820 		return -1;
2821 	}
2822 
2823 	if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_RAPL_POWER_UNIT, &msr))
2824 		return -1;
2825 
2826 	if (debug) {
2827 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_RAPL_POWER_UNIT: 0x%08llx "
2828 			"(%f Watts, %f Joules, %f sec.)\n", cpu, msr,
2829 			rapl_power_units, rapl_energy_units, rapl_time_units);
2830 	}
2831 	if (do_rapl & RAPL_PKG_POWER_INFO) {
2832 
2833 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_POWER_INFO, &msr))
2834                 	return -5;
2835 
2836 
2837 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_PKG_POWER_INFO: 0x%08llx (%.0f W TDP, RAPL %.0f - %.0f W, %f sec.)\n",
2838 			cpu, msr,
2839 			((msr >>  0) & RAPL_POWER_GRANULARITY) * rapl_power_units,
2840 			((msr >> 16) & RAPL_POWER_GRANULARITY) * rapl_power_units,
2841 			((msr >> 32) & RAPL_POWER_GRANULARITY) * rapl_power_units,
2842 			((msr >> 48) & RAPL_TIME_GRANULARITY) * rapl_time_units);
2843 
2844 	}
2845 	if (do_rapl & RAPL_PKG) {
2846 
2847 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PKG_POWER_LIMIT, &msr))
2848 			return -9;
2849 
2850 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_PKG_POWER_LIMIT: 0x%08llx (%slocked)\n",
2851 			cpu, msr, (msr >> 63) & 1 ? "": "UN");
2852 
2853 		print_power_limit_msr(cpu, msr, "PKG Limit #1");
2854 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: PKG Limit #2: %sabled (%f Watts, %f* sec, clamp %sabled)\n",
2855 			cpu,
2856 			((msr >> 47) & 1) ? "EN" : "DIS",
2857 			((msr >> 32) & 0x7FFF) * rapl_power_units,
2858 			(1.0 + (((msr >> 54) & 0x3)/4.0)) * (1 << ((msr >> 49) & 0x1F)) * rapl_time_units,
2859 			((msr >> 48) & 1) ? "EN" : "DIS");
2860 	}
2861 
2862 	if (do_rapl & RAPL_DRAM_POWER_INFO) {
2863 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_DRAM_POWER_INFO, &msr))
2864                 	return -6;
2865 
2866 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_DRAM_POWER_INFO,: 0x%08llx (%.0f W TDP, RAPL %.0f - %.0f W, %f sec.)\n",
2867 			cpu, msr,
2868 			((msr >>  0) & RAPL_POWER_GRANULARITY) * rapl_power_units,
2869 			((msr >> 16) & RAPL_POWER_GRANULARITY) * rapl_power_units,
2870 			((msr >> 32) & RAPL_POWER_GRANULARITY) * rapl_power_units,
2871 			((msr >> 48) & RAPL_TIME_GRANULARITY) * rapl_time_units);
2872 	}
2873 	if (do_rapl & RAPL_DRAM) {
2874 		if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_DRAM_POWER_LIMIT, &msr))
2875 			return -9;
2876 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_DRAM_POWER_LIMIT: 0x%08llx (%slocked)\n",
2877 				cpu, msr, (msr >> 31) & 1 ? "": "UN");
2878 
2879 		print_power_limit_msr(cpu, msr, "DRAM Limit");
2880 	}
2881 	if (do_rapl & RAPL_CORE_POLICY) {
2882 		if (debug) {
2883 			if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PP0_POLICY, &msr))
2884 				return -7;
2885 
2886 			fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_PP0_POLICY: %lld\n", cpu, msr & 0xF);
2887 		}
2888 	}
2889 	if (do_rapl & RAPL_CORES) {
2890 		if (debug) {
2891 
2892 			if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PP0_POWER_LIMIT, &msr))
2893 				return -9;
2894 			fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_PP0_POWER_LIMIT: 0x%08llx (%slocked)\n",
2895 					cpu, msr, (msr >> 31) & 1 ? "": "UN");
2896 			print_power_limit_msr(cpu, msr, "Cores Limit");
2897 		}
2898 	}
2899 	if (do_rapl & RAPL_GFX) {
2900 		if (debug) {
2901 			if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PP1_POLICY, &msr))
2902 				return -8;
2903 
2904 			fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_PP1_POLICY: %lld\n", cpu, msr & 0xF);
2905 
2906 			if (get_msr(cpu, MSR_PP1_POWER_LIMIT, &msr))
2907 				return -9;
2908 			fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_PP1_POWER_LIMIT: 0x%08llx (%slocked)\n",
2909 					cpu, msr, (msr >> 31) & 1 ? "": "UN");
2910 			print_power_limit_msr(cpu, msr, "GFX Limit");
2911 		}
2912 	}
2913 	return 0;
2914 }
2915 
2916 /*
2917  * SNB adds support for additional MSRs:
2918  *
2919  * MSR_PKG_C7_RESIDENCY            0x000003fa
2920  * MSR_CORE_C7_RESIDENCY           0x000003fe
2921  * MSR_PKG_C2_RESIDENCY            0x0000060d
2922  */
2923 
2924 int has_snb_msrs(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
2925 {
2926 	if (!genuine_intel)
2927 		return 0;
2928 
2929 	switch (model) {
2930 	case 0x2A:
2931 	case 0x2D:
2932 	case 0x3A:	/* IVB */
2933 	case 0x3E:	/* IVB Xeon */
2934 	case 0x3C:	/* HSW */
2935 	case 0x3F:	/* HSW */
2936 	case 0x45:	/* HSW */
2937 	case 0x46:	/* HSW */
2938 	case 0x3D:	/* BDW */
2939 	case 0x47:	/* BDW */
2940 	case 0x4F:	/* BDX */
2941 	case 0x56:	/* BDX-DE */
2942 	case 0x4E:	/* SKL */
2943 	case 0x5E:	/* SKL */
2944 	case 0x8E:	/* KBL */
2945 	case 0x9E:	/* KBL */
2946 	case 0x55:	/* SKX */
2947 	case 0x5C:	/* BXT */
2948 		return 1;
2949 	}
2950 	return 0;
2951 }
2952 
2953 /*
2954  * HSW adds support for additional MSRs:
2955  *
2956  * MSR_PKG_C8_RESIDENCY		0x00000630
2957  * MSR_PKG_C9_RESIDENCY		0x00000631
2958  * MSR_PKG_C10_RESIDENCY	0x00000632
2959  *
2960  * MSR_PKGC8_IRTL		0x00000633
2961  * MSR_PKGC9_IRTL		0x00000634
2962  * MSR_PKGC10_IRTL		0x00000635
2963  *
2964  */
2965 int has_hsw_msrs(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
2966 {
2967 	if (!genuine_intel)
2968 		return 0;
2969 
2970 	switch (model) {
2971 	case 0x45:	/* HSW */
2972 	case 0x3D:	/* BDW */
2973 	case 0x4E:	/* SKL */
2974 	case 0x5E:	/* SKL */
2975 	case 0x8E:	/* KBL */
2976 	case 0x9E:	/* KBL */
2977 	case 0x5C:	/* BXT */
2978 		return 1;
2979 	}
2980 	return 0;
2981 }
2982 
2983 /*
2984  * SKL adds support for additional MSRS:
2985  *
2986  * MSR_PKG_WEIGHTED_CORE_C0_RES    0x00000658
2987  * MSR_PKG_ANY_CORE_C0_RES         0x00000659
2988  * MSR_PKG_ANY_GFXE_C0_RES         0x0000065A
2989  * MSR_PKG_BOTH_CORE_GFXE_C0_RES   0x0000065B
2990  */
2991 int has_skl_msrs(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
2992 {
2993 	if (!genuine_intel)
2994 		return 0;
2995 
2996 	switch (model) {
2997 	case 0x4E:	/* SKL */
2998 	case 0x5E:	/* SKL */
2999 	case 0x8E:	/* KBL */
3000 	case 0x9E:	/* KBL */
3001 		return 1;
3002 	}
3003 	return 0;
3004 }
3005 
3006 
3007 
3008 int is_slm(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
3009 {
3010 	if (!genuine_intel)
3011 		return 0;
3012 	switch (model) {
3013 	case 0x37:	/* BYT */
3014 	case 0x4D:	/* AVN */
3015 		return 1;
3016 	}
3017 	return 0;
3018 }
3019 
3020 int is_knl(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
3021 {
3022 	if (!genuine_intel)
3023 		return 0;
3024 	switch (model) {
3025 	case 0x57:	/* KNL */
3026 		return 1;
3027 	}
3028 	return 0;
3029 }
3030 
3031 unsigned int get_aperf_mperf_multiplier(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
3032 {
3033 	if (is_knl(family, model))
3034 		return 1024;
3035 	return 1;
3036 }
3037 
3038 #define SLM_BCLK_FREQS 5
3039 double slm_freq_table[SLM_BCLK_FREQS] = { 83.3, 100.0, 133.3, 116.7, 80.0};
3040 
3041 double slm_bclk(void)
3042 {
3043 	unsigned long long msr = 3;
3044 	unsigned int i;
3045 	double freq;
3046 
3047 	if (get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_FSB_FREQ, &msr))
3048 		fprintf(outf, "SLM BCLK: unknown\n");
3049 
3050 	i = msr & 0xf;
3051 	if (i >= SLM_BCLK_FREQS) {
3052 		fprintf(outf, "SLM BCLK[%d] invalid\n", i);
3053 		msr = 3;
3054 	}
3055 	freq = slm_freq_table[i];
3056 
3057 	fprintf(outf, "SLM BCLK: %.1f Mhz\n", freq);
3058 
3059 	return freq;
3060 }
3061 
3062 double discover_bclk(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
3063 {
3064 	if (has_snb_msrs(family, model) || is_knl(family, model))
3065 		return 100.00;
3066 	else if (is_slm(family, model))
3067 		return slm_bclk();
3068 	else
3069 		return 133.33;
3070 }
3071 
3072 /*
3073  * MSR_IA32_TEMPERATURE_TARGET indicates the temperature where
3074  * the Thermal Control Circuit (TCC) activates.
3075  * This is usually equal to tjMax.
3076  *
3077  * Older processors do not have this MSR, so there we guess,
3078  * but also allow cmdline over-ride with -T.
3079  *
3080  * Several MSR temperature values are in units of degrees-C
3081  * below this value, including the Digital Thermal Sensor (DTS),
3082  * Package Thermal Management Sensor (PTM), and thermal event thresholds.
3083  */
3084 int set_temperature_target(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c, struct pkg_data *p)
3085 {
3086 	unsigned long long msr;
3087 	unsigned int target_c_local;
3088 	int cpu;
3089 
3090 	/* tcc_activation_temp is used only for dts or ptm */
3091 	if (!(do_dts || do_ptm))
3092 		return 0;
3093 
3094 	/* this is a per-package concept */
3095 	if (!(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE) || !(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE))
3096 		return 0;
3097 
3098 	cpu = t->cpu_id;
3099 	if (cpu_migrate(cpu)) {
3100 		fprintf(outf, "Could not migrate to CPU %d\n", cpu);
3101 		return -1;
3102 	}
3103 
3104 	if (tcc_activation_temp_override != 0) {
3105 		tcc_activation_temp = tcc_activation_temp_override;
3106 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: Using cmdline TCC Target (%d C)\n",
3107 			cpu, tcc_activation_temp);
3108 		return 0;
3109 	}
3110 
3111 	/* Temperature Target MSR is Nehalem and newer only */
3112 	if (!do_nhm_platform_info)
3113 		goto guess;
3114 
3115 	if (get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_IA32_TEMPERATURE_TARGET, &msr))
3116 		goto guess;
3117 
3118 	target_c_local = (msr >> 16) & 0xFF;
3119 
3120 	if (debug)
3121 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_IA32_TEMPERATURE_TARGET: 0x%08llx (%d C)\n",
3122 			cpu, msr, target_c_local);
3123 
3124 	if (!target_c_local)
3125 		goto guess;
3126 
3127 	tcc_activation_temp = target_c_local;
3128 
3129 	return 0;
3130 
3131 guess:
3132 	tcc_activation_temp = TJMAX_DEFAULT;
3133 	fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: Guessing tjMax %d C, Please use -T to specify\n",
3134 		cpu, tcc_activation_temp);
3135 
3136 	return 0;
3137 }
3138 
3139 void decode_feature_control_msr(void)
3140 {
3141 	unsigned long long msr;
3142 
3143 	if (!get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_IA32_FEATURE_CONTROL, &msr))
3144 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_IA32_FEATURE_CONTROL: 0x%08llx (%sLocked %s)\n",
3145 			base_cpu, msr,
3146 			msr & FEATURE_CONTROL_LOCKED ? "" : "UN-",
3147 			msr & (1 << 18) ? "SGX" : "");
3148 }
3149 
3150 void decode_misc_enable_msr(void)
3151 {
3152 	unsigned long long msr;
3153 
3154 	if (!get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_IA32_MISC_ENABLE, &msr))
3155 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_IA32_MISC_ENABLE: 0x%08llx (%s %s %s)\n",
3156 			base_cpu, msr,
3157 			msr & (1 << 3) ? "TCC" : "",
3158 			msr & (1 << 16) ? "EIST" : "",
3159 			msr & (1 << 18) ? "MONITOR" : "");
3160 }
3161 
3162 /*
3163  * Decode MSR_MISC_PWR_MGMT
3164  *
3165  * Decode the bits according to the Nehalem documentation
3166  * bit[0] seems to continue to have same meaning going forward
3167  * bit[1] less so...
3168  */
3169 void decode_misc_pwr_mgmt_msr(void)
3170 {
3171 	unsigned long long msr;
3172 
3173 	if (!do_nhm_platform_info)
3174 		return;
3175 
3176 	if (!get_msr(base_cpu, MSR_MISC_PWR_MGMT, &msr))
3177 		fprintf(outf, "cpu%d: MSR_MISC_PWR_MGMT: 0x%08llx (%sable-EIST_Coordination %sable-EPB)\n",
3178 			base_cpu, msr,
3179 			msr & (1 << 0) ? "DIS" : "EN",
3180 			msr & (1 << 1) ? "EN" : "DIS");
3181 }
3182 
3183 void process_cpuid()
3184 {
3185 	unsigned int eax, ebx, ecx, edx, max_level, max_extended_level;
3186 	unsigned int fms, family, model, stepping;
3187 
3188 	eax = ebx = ecx = edx = 0;
3189 
3190 	__cpuid(0, max_level, ebx, ecx, edx);
3191 
3192 	if (ebx == 0x756e6547 && edx == 0x49656e69 && ecx == 0x6c65746e)
3193 		genuine_intel = 1;
3194 
3195 	if (debug)
3196 		fprintf(outf, "CPUID(0): %.4s%.4s%.4s ",
3197 			(char *)&ebx, (char *)&edx, (char *)&ecx);
3198 
3199 	__cpuid(1, fms, ebx, ecx, edx);
3200 	family = (fms >> 8) & 0xf;
3201 	model = (fms >> 4) & 0xf;
3202 	stepping = fms & 0xf;
3203 	if (family == 6 || family == 0xf)
3204 		model += ((fms >> 16) & 0xf) << 4;
3205 
3206 	if (debug) {
3207 		fprintf(outf, "%d CPUID levels; family:model:stepping 0x%x:%x:%x (%d:%d:%d)\n",
3208 			max_level, family, model, stepping, family, model, stepping);
3209 		fprintf(outf, "CPUID(1): %s %s %s %s %s %s %s %s %s\n",
3210 			ecx & (1 << 0) ? "SSE3" : "-",
3211 			ecx & (1 << 3) ? "MONITOR" : "-",
3212 			ecx & (1 << 6) ? "SMX" : "-",
3213 			ecx & (1 << 7) ? "EIST" : "-",
3214 			ecx & (1 << 8) ? "TM2" : "-",
3215 			edx & (1 << 4) ? "TSC" : "-",
3216 			edx & (1 << 5) ? "MSR" : "-",
3217 			edx & (1 << 22) ? "ACPI-TM" : "-",
3218 			edx & (1 << 29) ? "TM" : "-");
3219 	}
3220 
3221 	if (!(edx & (1 << 5)))
3222 		errx(1, "CPUID: no MSR");
3223 
3224 	/*
3225 	 * check max extended function levels of CPUID.
3226 	 * This is needed to check for invariant TSC.
3227 	 * This check is valid for both Intel and AMD.
3228 	 */
3229 	ebx = ecx = edx = 0;
3230 	__cpuid(0x80000000, max_extended_level, ebx, ecx, edx);
3231 
3232 	if (max_extended_level >= 0x80000007) {
3233 
3234 		/*
3235 		 * Non-Stop TSC is advertised by CPUID.EAX=0x80000007: EDX.bit8
3236 		 * this check is valid for both Intel and AMD
3237 		 */
3238 		__cpuid(0x80000007, eax, ebx, ecx, edx);
3239 		has_invariant_tsc = edx & (1 << 8);
3240 	}
3241 
3242 	/*
3243 	 * APERF/MPERF is advertised by CPUID.EAX=0x6: ECX.bit0
3244 	 * this check is valid for both Intel and AMD
3245 	 */
3246 
3247 	__cpuid(0x6, eax, ebx, ecx, edx);
3248 	has_aperf = ecx & (1 << 0);
3249 	do_dts = eax & (1 << 0);
3250 	do_ptm = eax & (1 << 6);
3251 	has_hwp = eax & (1 << 7);
3252 	has_hwp_notify = eax & (1 << 8);
3253 	has_hwp_activity_window = eax & (1 << 9);
3254 	has_hwp_epp = eax & (1 << 10);
3255 	has_hwp_pkg = eax & (1 << 11);
3256 	has_epb = ecx & (1 << 3);
3257 
3258 	if (debug)
3259 		fprintf(outf, "CPUID(6): %sAPERF, %sDTS, %sPTM, %sHWP, "
3260 			"%sHWPnotify, %sHWPwindow, %sHWPepp, %sHWPpkg, %sEPB\n",
3261 			has_aperf ? "" : "No-",
3262 			do_dts ? "" : "No-",
3263 			do_ptm ? "" : "No-",
3264 			has_hwp ? "" : "No-",
3265 			has_hwp_notify ? "" : "No-",
3266 			has_hwp_activity_window ? "" : "No-",
3267 			has_hwp_epp ? "" : "No-",
3268 			has_hwp_pkg ? "" : "No-",
3269 			has_epb ? "" : "No-");
3270 
3271 	if (debug)
3272 		decode_misc_enable_msr();
3273 
3274 	if (max_level >= 0x7 && debug) {
3275 		int has_sgx;
3276 
3277 		ecx = 0;
3278 
3279 		__cpuid_count(0x7, 0, eax, ebx, ecx, edx);
3280 
3281 		has_sgx = ebx & (1 << 2);
3282 		fprintf(outf, "CPUID(7): %sSGX\n", has_sgx ? "" : "No-");
3283 
3284 		if (has_sgx)
3285 			decode_feature_control_msr();
3286 	}
3287 
3288 	if (max_level >= 0x15) {
3289 		unsigned int eax_crystal;
3290 		unsigned int ebx_tsc;
3291 
3292 		/*
3293 		 * CPUID 15H TSC/Crystal ratio, possibly Crystal Hz
3294 		 */
3295 		eax_crystal = ebx_tsc = crystal_hz = edx = 0;
3296 		__cpuid(0x15, eax_crystal, ebx_tsc, crystal_hz, edx);
3297 
3298 		if (ebx_tsc != 0) {
3299 
3300 			if (debug && (ebx != 0))
3301 				fprintf(outf, "CPUID(0x15): eax_crystal: %d ebx_tsc: %d ecx_crystal_hz: %d\n",
3302 					eax_crystal, ebx_tsc, crystal_hz);
3303 
3304 			if (crystal_hz == 0)
3305 				switch(model) {
3306 				case 0x4E:	/* SKL */
3307 				case 0x5E:	/* SKL */
3308 				case 0x8E:	/* KBL */
3309 				case 0x9E:	/* KBL */
3310 					crystal_hz = 24000000;	/* 24.0 MHz */
3311 					break;
3312 				case 0x55:	/* SKX */
3313 					crystal_hz = 25000000;	/* 25.0 MHz */
3314 					break;
3315 				case 0x5C:	/* BXT */
3316 					crystal_hz = 19200000;	/* 19.2 MHz */
3317 					break;
3318 				default:
3319 					crystal_hz = 0;
3320 			}
3321 
3322 			if (crystal_hz) {
3323 				tsc_hz =  (unsigned long long) crystal_hz * ebx_tsc / eax_crystal;
3324 				if (debug)
3325 					fprintf(outf, "TSC: %lld MHz (%d Hz * %d / %d / 1000000)\n",
3326 						tsc_hz / 1000000, crystal_hz, ebx_tsc,  eax_crystal);
3327 			}
3328 		}
3329 	}
3330 	if (max_level >= 0x16) {
3331 		unsigned int base_mhz, max_mhz, bus_mhz, edx;
3332 
3333 		/*
3334 		 * CPUID 16H Base MHz, Max MHz, Bus MHz
3335 		 */
3336 		base_mhz = max_mhz = bus_mhz = edx = 0;
3337 
3338 		__cpuid(0x16, base_mhz, max_mhz, bus_mhz, edx);
3339 		if (debug)
3340 			fprintf(outf, "CPUID(0x16): base_mhz: %d max_mhz: %d bus_mhz: %d\n",
3341 				base_mhz, max_mhz, bus_mhz);
3342 	}
3343 
3344 	if (has_aperf)
3345 		aperf_mperf_multiplier = get_aperf_mperf_multiplier(family, model);
3346 
3347 	do_nhm_platform_info = do_nhm_cstates = do_smi = probe_nhm_msrs(family, model);
3348 	do_snb_cstates = has_snb_msrs(family, model);
3349 	do_irtl_snb = has_snb_msrs(family, model);
3350 	do_pc2 = do_snb_cstates && (pkg_cstate_limit >= PCL__2);
3351 	do_pc3 = (pkg_cstate_limit >= PCL__3);
3352 	do_pc6 = (pkg_cstate_limit >= PCL__6);
3353 	do_pc7 = do_snb_cstates && (pkg_cstate_limit >= PCL__7);
3354 	do_c8_c9_c10 = has_hsw_msrs(family, model);
3355 	do_irtl_hsw = has_hsw_msrs(family, model);
3356 	do_skl_residency = has_skl_msrs(family, model);
3357 	do_slm_cstates = is_slm(family, model);
3358 	do_knl_cstates  = is_knl(family, model);
3359 
3360 	if (debug)
3361 		decode_misc_pwr_mgmt_msr();
3362 
3363 	rapl_probe(family, model);
3364 	perf_limit_reasons_probe(family, model);
3365 
3366 	if (debug)
3367 		dump_cstate_pstate_config_info(family, model);
3368 
3369 	if (has_skl_msrs(family, model))
3370 		calculate_tsc_tweak();
3371 
3372 	do_gfx_rc6_ms = !access("/sys/class/drm/card0/power/rc6_residency_ms", R_OK);
3373 
3374 	do_gfx_mhz = !access("/sys/class/graphics/fb0/device/drm/card0/gt_cur_freq_mhz", R_OK);
3375 
3376 	return;
3377 }
3378 
3379 void help()
3380 {
3381 	fprintf(outf,
3382 	"Usage: turbostat [OPTIONS][(--interval seconds) | COMMAND ...]\n"
3383 	"\n"
3384 	"Turbostat forks the specified COMMAND and prints statistics\n"
3385 	"when COMMAND completes.\n"
3386 	"If no COMMAND is specified, turbostat wakes every 5-seconds\n"
3387 	"to print statistics, until interrupted.\n"
3388 	"--debug	run in \"debug\" mode\n"
3389 	"--interval sec	Override default 5-second measurement interval\n"
3390 	"--help		print this help message\n"
3391 	"--counter msr	print 32-bit counter at address \"msr\"\n"
3392 	"--Counter msr	print 64-bit Counter at address \"msr\"\n"
3393 	"--out file	create or truncate \"file\" for all output\n"
3394 	"--msr msr	print 32-bit value at address \"msr\"\n"
3395 	"--MSR msr	print 64-bit Value at address \"msr\"\n"
3396 	"--version	print version information\n"
3397 	"\n"
3398 	"For more help, run \"man turbostat\"\n");
3399 }
3400 
3401 
3402 /*
3403  * in /dev/cpu/ return success for names that are numbers
3404  * ie. filter out ".", "..", "microcode".
3405  */
3406 int dir_filter(const struct dirent *dirp)
3407 {
3408 	if (isdigit(dirp->d_name[0]))
3409 		return 1;
3410 	else
3411 		return 0;
3412 }
3413 
3414 int open_dev_cpu_msr(int dummy1)
3415 {
3416 	return 0;
3417 }
3418 
3419 void topology_probe()
3420 {
3421 	int i;
3422 	int max_core_id = 0;
3423 	int max_package_id = 0;
3424 	int max_siblings = 0;
3425 	struct cpu_topology {
3426 		int core_id;
3427 		int physical_package_id;
3428 	} *cpus;
3429 
3430 	/* Initialize num_cpus, max_cpu_num */
3431 	topo.num_cpus = 0;
3432 	topo.max_cpu_num = 0;
3433 	for_all_proc_cpus(count_cpus);
3434 	if (!summary_only && topo.num_cpus > 1)
3435 		show_cpu = 1;
3436 
3437 	if (debug > 1)
3438 		fprintf(outf, "num_cpus %d max_cpu_num %d\n", topo.num_cpus, topo.max_cpu_num);
3439 
3440 	cpus = calloc(1, (topo.max_cpu_num  + 1) * sizeof(struct cpu_topology));
3441 	if (cpus == NULL)
3442 		err(1, "calloc cpus");
3443 
3444 	/*
3445 	 * Allocate and initialize cpu_present_set
3446 	 */
3447 	cpu_present_set = CPU_ALLOC((topo.max_cpu_num + 1));
3448 	if (cpu_present_set == NULL)
3449 		err(3, "CPU_ALLOC");
3450 	cpu_present_setsize = CPU_ALLOC_SIZE((topo.max_cpu_num + 1));
3451 	CPU_ZERO_S(cpu_present_setsize, cpu_present_set);
3452 	for_all_proc_cpus(mark_cpu_present);
3453 
3454 	/*
3455 	 * Allocate and initialize cpu_affinity_set
3456 	 */
3457 	cpu_affinity_set = CPU_ALLOC((topo.max_cpu_num + 1));
3458 	if (cpu_affinity_set == NULL)
3459 		err(3, "CPU_ALLOC");
3460 	cpu_affinity_setsize = CPU_ALLOC_SIZE((topo.max_cpu_num + 1));
3461 	CPU_ZERO_S(cpu_affinity_setsize, cpu_affinity_set);
3462 
3463 
3464 	/*
3465 	 * For online cpus
3466 	 * find max_core_id, max_package_id
3467 	 */
3468 	for (i = 0; i <= topo.max_cpu_num; ++i) {
3469 		int siblings;
3470 
3471 		if (cpu_is_not_present(i)) {
3472 			if (debug > 1)
3473 				fprintf(outf, "cpu%d NOT PRESENT\n", i);
3474 			continue;
3475 		}
3476 		cpus[i].core_id = get_core_id(i);
3477 		if (cpus[i].core_id > max_core_id)
3478 			max_core_id = cpus[i].core_id;
3479 
3480 		cpus[i].physical_package_id = get_physical_package_id(i);
3481 		if (cpus[i].physical_package_id > max_package_id)
3482 			max_package_id = cpus[i].physical_package_id;
3483 
3484 		siblings = get_num_ht_siblings(i);
3485 		if (siblings > max_siblings)
3486 			max_siblings = siblings;
3487 		if (debug > 1)
3488 			fprintf(outf, "cpu %d pkg %d core %d\n",
3489 				i, cpus[i].physical_package_id, cpus[i].core_id);
3490 	}
3491 	topo.num_cores_per_pkg = max_core_id + 1;
3492 	if (debug > 1)
3493 		fprintf(outf, "max_core_id %d, sizing for %d cores per package\n",
3494 			max_core_id, topo.num_cores_per_pkg);
3495 	if (debug && !summary_only && topo.num_cores_per_pkg > 1)
3496 		show_core = 1;
3497 
3498 	topo.num_packages = max_package_id + 1;
3499 	if (debug > 1)
3500 		fprintf(outf, "max_package_id %d, sizing for %d packages\n",
3501 			max_package_id, topo.num_packages);
3502 	if (debug && !summary_only && topo.num_packages > 1)
3503 		show_pkg = 1;
3504 
3505 	topo.num_threads_per_core = max_siblings;
3506 	if (debug > 1)
3507 		fprintf(outf, "max_siblings %d\n", max_siblings);
3508 
3509 	free(cpus);
3510 }
3511 
3512 void
3513 allocate_counters(struct thread_data **t, struct core_data **c, struct pkg_data **p)
3514 {
3515 	int i;
3516 
3517 	*t = calloc(topo.num_threads_per_core * topo.num_cores_per_pkg *
3518 		topo.num_packages, sizeof(struct thread_data));
3519 	if (*t == NULL)
3520 		goto error;
3521 
3522 	for (i = 0; i < topo.num_threads_per_core *
3523 		topo.num_cores_per_pkg * topo.num_packages; i++)
3524 		(*t)[i].cpu_id = -1;
3525 
3526 	*c = calloc(topo.num_cores_per_pkg * topo.num_packages,
3527 		sizeof(struct core_data));
3528 	if (*c == NULL)
3529 		goto error;
3530 
3531 	for (i = 0; i < topo.num_cores_per_pkg * topo.num_packages; i++)
3532 		(*c)[i].core_id = -1;
3533 
3534 	*p = calloc(topo.num_packages, sizeof(struct pkg_data));
3535 	if (*p == NULL)
3536 		goto error;
3537 
3538 	for (i = 0; i < topo.num_packages; i++)
3539 		(*p)[i].package_id = i;
3540 
3541 	return;
3542 error:
3543 	err(1, "calloc counters");
3544 }
3545 /*
3546  * init_counter()
3547  *
3548  * set cpu_id, core_num, pkg_num
3549  * set FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE and FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE
3550  *
3551  * increment topo.num_cores when 1st core in pkg seen
3552  */
3553 void init_counter(struct thread_data *thread_base, struct core_data *core_base,
3554 	struct pkg_data *pkg_base, int thread_num, int core_num,
3555 	int pkg_num, int cpu_id)
3556 {
3557 	struct thread_data *t;
3558 	struct core_data *c;
3559 	struct pkg_data *p;
3560 
3561 	t = GET_THREAD(thread_base, thread_num, core_num, pkg_num);
3562 	c = GET_CORE(core_base, core_num, pkg_num);
3563 	p = GET_PKG(pkg_base, pkg_num);
3564 
3565 	t->cpu_id = cpu_id;
3566 	if (thread_num == 0) {
3567 		t->flags |= CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE;
3568 		if (cpu_is_first_core_in_package(cpu_id))
3569 			t->flags |= CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE;
3570 	}
3571 
3572 	c->core_id = core_num;
3573 	p->package_id = pkg_num;
3574 }
3575 
3576 
3577 int initialize_counters(int cpu_id)
3578 {
3579 	int my_thread_id, my_core_id, my_package_id;
3580 
3581 	my_package_id = get_physical_package_id(cpu_id);
3582 	my_core_id = get_core_id(cpu_id);
3583 	my_thread_id = get_cpu_position_in_core(cpu_id);
3584 	if (!my_thread_id)
3585 		topo.num_cores++;
3586 
3587 	init_counter(EVEN_COUNTERS, my_thread_id, my_core_id, my_package_id, cpu_id);
3588 	init_counter(ODD_COUNTERS, my_thread_id, my_core_id, my_package_id, cpu_id);
3589 	return 0;
3590 }
3591 
3592 void allocate_output_buffer()
3593 {
3594 	output_buffer = calloc(1, (1 + topo.num_cpus) * 1024);
3595 	outp = output_buffer;
3596 	if (outp == NULL)
3597 		err(-1, "calloc output buffer");
3598 }
3599 void allocate_fd_percpu(void)
3600 {
3601 	fd_percpu = calloc(topo.max_cpu_num, sizeof(int));
3602 	if (fd_percpu == NULL)
3603 		err(-1, "calloc fd_percpu");
3604 }
3605 void allocate_irq_buffers(void)
3606 {
3607 	irq_column_2_cpu = calloc(topo.num_cpus, sizeof(int));
3608 	if (irq_column_2_cpu == NULL)
3609 		err(-1, "calloc %d", topo.num_cpus);
3610 
3611 	irqs_per_cpu = calloc(topo.max_cpu_num, sizeof(int));
3612 	if (irqs_per_cpu == NULL)
3613 		err(-1, "calloc %d", topo.max_cpu_num);
3614 }
3615 void setup_all_buffers(void)
3616 {
3617 	topology_probe();
3618 	allocate_irq_buffers();
3619 	allocate_fd_percpu();
3620 	allocate_counters(&thread_even, &core_even, &package_even);
3621 	allocate_counters(&thread_odd, &core_odd, &package_odd);
3622 	allocate_output_buffer();
3623 	for_all_proc_cpus(initialize_counters);
3624 }
3625 
3626 void set_base_cpu(void)
3627 {
3628 	base_cpu = sched_getcpu();
3629 	if (base_cpu < 0)
3630 		err(-ENODEV, "No valid cpus found");
3631 
3632 	if (debug > 1)
3633 		fprintf(outf, "base_cpu = %d\n", base_cpu);
3634 }
3635 
3636 void turbostat_init()
3637 {
3638 	setup_all_buffers();
3639 	set_base_cpu();
3640 	check_dev_msr();
3641 	check_permissions();
3642 	process_cpuid();
3643 
3644 
3645 	if (debug)
3646 		for_all_cpus(print_hwp, ODD_COUNTERS);
3647 
3648 	if (debug)
3649 		for_all_cpus(print_epb, ODD_COUNTERS);
3650 
3651 	if (debug)
3652 		for_all_cpus(print_perf_limit, ODD_COUNTERS);
3653 
3654 	if (debug)
3655 		for_all_cpus(print_rapl, ODD_COUNTERS);
3656 
3657 	for_all_cpus(set_temperature_target, ODD_COUNTERS);
3658 
3659 	if (debug)
3660 		for_all_cpus(print_thermal, ODD_COUNTERS);
3661 
3662 	if (debug && do_irtl_snb)
3663 		print_irtl();
3664 }
3665 
3666 int fork_it(char **argv)
3667 {
3668 	pid_t child_pid;
3669 	int status;
3670 
3671 	status = for_all_cpus(get_counters, EVEN_COUNTERS);
3672 	if (status)
3673 		exit(status);
3674 	/* clear affinity side-effect of get_counters() */
3675 	sched_setaffinity(0, cpu_present_setsize, cpu_present_set);
3676 	gettimeofday(&tv_even, (struct timezone *)NULL);
3677 
3678 	child_pid = fork();
3679 	if (!child_pid) {
3680 		/* child */
3681 		execvp(argv[0], argv);
3682 	} else {
3683 
3684 		/* parent */
3685 		if (child_pid == -1)
3686 			err(1, "fork");
3687 
3688 		signal(SIGINT, SIG_IGN);
3689 		signal(SIGQUIT, SIG_IGN);
3690 		if (waitpid(child_pid, &status, 0) == -1)
3691 			err(status, "waitpid");
3692 	}
3693 	/*
3694 	 * n.b. fork_it() does not check for errors from for_all_cpus()
3695 	 * because re-starting is problematic when forking
3696 	 */
3697 	for_all_cpus(get_counters, ODD_COUNTERS);
3698 	gettimeofday(&tv_odd, (struct timezone *)NULL);
3699 	timersub(&tv_odd, &tv_even, &tv_delta);
3700 	for_all_cpus_2(delta_cpu, ODD_COUNTERS, EVEN_COUNTERS);
3701 	compute_average(EVEN_COUNTERS);
3702 	format_all_counters(EVEN_COUNTERS);
3703 
3704 	fprintf(outf, "%.6f sec\n", tv_delta.tv_sec + tv_delta.tv_usec/1000000.0);
3705 
3706 	flush_output_stderr();
3707 
3708 	return status;
3709 }
3710 
3711 int get_and_dump_counters(void)
3712 {
3713 	int status;
3714 
3715 	status = for_all_cpus(get_counters, ODD_COUNTERS);
3716 	if (status)
3717 		return status;
3718 
3719 	status = for_all_cpus(dump_counters, ODD_COUNTERS);
3720 	if (status)
3721 		return status;
3722 
3723 	flush_output_stdout();
3724 
3725 	return status;
3726 }
3727 
3728 void print_version() {
3729 	fprintf(outf, "turbostat version 4.12 5 Apr 2016"
3730 		" - Len Brown <lenb@kernel.org>\n");
3731 }
3732 
3733 void cmdline(int argc, char **argv)
3734 {
3735 	int opt;
3736 	int option_index = 0;
3737 	static struct option long_options[] = {
3738 		{"Counter",	required_argument,	0, 'C'},
3739 		{"counter",	required_argument,	0, 'c'},
3740 		{"Dump",	no_argument,		0, 'D'},
3741 		{"debug",	no_argument,		0, 'd'},
3742 		{"interval",	required_argument,	0, 'i'},
3743 		{"help",	no_argument,		0, 'h'},
3744 		{"Joules",	no_argument,		0, 'J'},
3745 		{"MSR",		required_argument,	0, 'M'},
3746 		{"msr",		required_argument,	0, 'm'},
3747 		{"out",		required_argument,	0, 'o'},
3748 		{"Package",	no_argument,		0, 'p'},
3749 		{"processor",	no_argument,		0, 'p'},
3750 		{"Summary",	no_argument,		0, 'S'},
3751 		{"TCC",		required_argument,	0, 'T'},
3752 		{"version",	no_argument,		0, 'v' },
3753 		{0,		0,			0,  0 }
3754 	};
3755 
3756 	progname = argv[0];
3757 
3758 	while ((opt = getopt_long_only(argc, argv, "+C:c:Ddhi:JM:m:o:PpST:v",
3759 				long_options, &option_index)) != -1) {
3760 		switch (opt) {
3761 		case 'C':
3762 			sscanf(optarg, "%x", &extra_delta_offset64);
3763 			break;
3764 		case 'c':
3765 			sscanf(optarg, "%x", &extra_delta_offset32);
3766 			break;
3767 		case 'D':
3768 			dump_only++;
3769 			break;
3770 		case 'd':
3771 			debug++;
3772 			break;
3773 		case 'h':
3774 		default:
3775 			help();
3776 			exit(1);
3777 		case 'i':
3778 			{
3779 				double interval = strtod(optarg, NULL);
3780 
3781 				if (interval < 0.001) {
3782 					fprintf(outf, "interval %f seconds is too small\n",
3783 						interval);
3784 					exit(2);
3785 				}
3786 
3787 				interval_ts.tv_sec = interval;
3788 				interval_ts.tv_nsec = (interval - interval_ts.tv_sec) * 1000000000;
3789 			}
3790 			break;
3791 		case 'J':
3792 			rapl_joules++;
3793 			break;
3794 		case 'M':
3795 			sscanf(optarg, "%x", &extra_msr_offset64);
3796 			break;
3797 		case 'm':
3798 			sscanf(optarg, "%x", &extra_msr_offset32);
3799 			break;
3800 		case 'o':
3801 			outf = fopen_or_die(optarg, "w");
3802 			break;
3803 		case 'P':
3804 			show_pkg_only++;
3805 			break;
3806 		case 'p':
3807 			show_core_only++;
3808 			break;
3809 		case 'S':
3810 			summary_only++;
3811 			break;
3812 		case 'T':
3813 			tcc_activation_temp_override = atoi(optarg);
3814 			break;
3815 		case 'v':
3816 			print_version();
3817 			exit(0);
3818 			break;
3819 		}
3820 	}
3821 }
3822 
3823 int main(int argc, char **argv)
3824 {
3825 	outf = stderr;
3826 
3827 	cmdline(argc, argv);
3828 
3829 	if (debug)
3830 		print_version();
3831 
3832 	turbostat_init();
3833 
3834 	/* dump counters and exit */
3835 	if (dump_only)
3836 		return get_and_dump_counters();
3837 
3838 	/*
3839 	 * if any params left, it must be a command to fork
3840 	 */
3841 	if (argc - optind)
3842 		return fork_it(argv + optind);
3843 	else
3844 		turbostat_loop();
3845 
3846 	return 0;
3847 }
3848