xref: /linux/tools/perf/util/stat-shadow.c (revision f4738f56d1dc62aaba69b33702a5ab098f1b8c63)
1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
2 #include <math.h>
3 #include <stdio.h>
4 #include "evsel.h"
5 #include "stat.h"
6 #include "color.h"
7 #include "debug.h"
8 #include "pmu.h"
9 #include "rblist.h"
10 #include "evlist.h"
11 #include "expr.h"
12 #include "metricgroup.h"
13 #include "cgroup.h"
14 #include "units.h"
15 #include <linux/zalloc.h>
16 #include "iostat.h"
17 #include "util/hashmap.h"
18 
19 struct stats walltime_nsecs_stats;
20 struct rusage_stats ru_stats;
21 
22 enum {
23 	CTX_BIT_USER	= 1 << 0,
24 	CTX_BIT_KERNEL	= 1 << 1,
25 	CTX_BIT_HV	= 1 << 2,
26 	CTX_BIT_HOST	= 1 << 3,
27 	CTX_BIT_IDLE	= 1 << 4,
28 	CTX_BIT_MAX	= 1 << 5,
29 };
30 
31 enum stat_type {
32 	STAT_NONE = 0,
33 	STAT_NSECS,
34 	STAT_CYCLES,
35 	STAT_INSTRUCTIONS,
36 	STAT_STALLED_CYCLES_FRONT,
37 	STAT_STALLED_CYCLES_BACK,
38 	STAT_BRANCHES,
39 	STAT_BRANCH_MISS,
40 	STAT_CACHE_REFS,
41 	STAT_CACHE_MISSES,
42 	STAT_L1_DCACHE,
43 	STAT_L1_ICACHE,
44 	STAT_LL_CACHE,
45 	STAT_ITLB_CACHE,
46 	STAT_DTLB_CACHE,
47 	STAT_L1D_MISS,
48 	STAT_L1I_MISS,
49 	STAT_LL_MISS,
50 	STAT_DTLB_MISS,
51 	STAT_ITLB_MISS,
52 	STAT_MAX
53 };
54 
55 static int evsel_context(const struct evsel *evsel)
56 {
57 	int ctx = 0;
58 
59 	if (evsel->core.attr.exclude_kernel)
60 		ctx |= CTX_BIT_KERNEL;
61 	if (evsel->core.attr.exclude_user)
62 		ctx |= CTX_BIT_USER;
63 	if (evsel->core.attr.exclude_hv)
64 		ctx |= CTX_BIT_HV;
65 	if (evsel->core.attr.exclude_host)
66 		ctx |= CTX_BIT_HOST;
67 	if (evsel->core.attr.exclude_idle)
68 		ctx |= CTX_BIT_IDLE;
69 
70 	return ctx;
71 }
72 
73 void perf_stat__reset_shadow_stats(void)
74 {
75 	memset(&walltime_nsecs_stats, 0, sizeof(walltime_nsecs_stats));
76 	memset(&ru_stats, 0, sizeof(ru_stats));
77 }
78 
79 static enum stat_type evsel__stat_type(const struct evsel *evsel)
80 {
81 	/* Fake perf_hw_cache_op_id values for use with evsel__match. */
82 	u64 PERF_COUNT_hw_cache_l1d_miss = PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_L1D |
83 		((PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_OP_READ) << 8) |
84 		((PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_RESULT_MISS) << 16);
85 	u64 PERF_COUNT_hw_cache_l1i_miss = PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_L1I |
86 		((PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_OP_READ) << 8) |
87 		((PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_RESULT_MISS) << 16);
88 	u64 PERF_COUNT_hw_cache_ll_miss = PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_LL |
89 		((PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_OP_READ) << 8) |
90 		((PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_RESULT_MISS) << 16);
91 	u64 PERF_COUNT_hw_cache_dtlb_miss = PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_DTLB |
92 		((PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_OP_READ) << 8) |
93 		((PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_RESULT_MISS) << 16);
94 	u64 PERF_COUNT_hw_cache_itlb_miss = PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_ITLB |
95 		((PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_OP_READ) << 8) |
96 		((PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_RESULT_MISS) << 16);
97 
98 	if (evsel__is_clock(evsel))
99 		return STAT_NSECS;
100 	else if (evsel__match(evsel, HARDWARE, HW_CPU_CYCLES))
101 		return STAT_CYCLES;
102 	else if (evsel__match(evsel, HARDWARE, HW_INSTRUCTIONS))
103 		return STAT_INSTRUCTIONS;
104 	else if (evsel__match(evsel, HARDWARE, HW_STALLED_CYCLES_FRONTEND))
105 		return STAT_STALLED_CYCLES_FRONT;
106 	else if (evsel__match(evsel, HARDWARE, HW_STALLED_CYCLES_BACKEND))
107 		return STAT_STALLED_CYCLES_BACK;
108 	else if (evsel__match(evsel, HARDWARE, HW_BRANCH_INSTRUCTIONS))
109 		return STAT_BRANCHES;
110 	else if (evsel__match(evsel, HARDWARE, HW_BRANCH_MISSES))
111 		return STAT_BRANCH_MISS;
112 	else if (evsel__match(evsel, HARDWARE, HW_CACHE_REFERENCES))
113 		return STAT_CACHE_REFS;
114 	else if (evsel__match(evsel, HARDWARE, HW_CACHE_MISSES))
115 		return STAT_CACHE_MISSES;
116 	else if (evsel__match(evsel, HW_CACHE, HW_CACHE_L1D))
117 		return STAT_L1_DCACHE;
118 	else if (evsel__match(evsel, HW_CACHE, HW_CACHE_L1I))
119 		return STAT_L1_ICACHE;
120 	else if (evsel__match(evsel, HW_CACHE, HW_CACHE_LL))
121 		return STAT_LL_CACHE;
122 	else if (evsel__match(evsel, HW_CACHE, HW_CACHE_DTLB))
123 		return STAT_DTLB_CACHE;
124 	else if (evsel__match(evsel, HW_CACHE, HW_CACHE_ITLB))
125 		return STAT_ITLB_CACHE;
126 	else if (evsel__match(evsel, HW_CACHE, hw_cache_l1d_miss))
127 		return STAT_L1D_MISS;
128 	else if (evsel__match(evsel, HW_CACHE, hw_cache_l1i_miss))
129 		return STAT_L1I_MISS;
130 	else if (evsel__match(evsel, HW_CACHE, hw_cache_ll_miss))
131 		return STAT_LL_MISS;
132 	else if (evsel__match(evsel, HW_CACHE, hw_cache_dtlb_miss))
133 		return STAT_DTLB_MISS;
134 	else if (evsel__match(evsel, HW_CACHE, hw_cache_itlb_miss))
135 		return STAT_ITLB_MISS;
136 	return STAT_NONE;
137 }
138 
139 static const char *get_ratio_color(const double ratios[3], double val)
140 {
141 	const char *color = PERF_COLOR_NORMAL;
142 
143 	if (val > ratios[0])
144 		color = PERF_COLOR_RED;
145 	else if (val > ratios[1])
146 		color = PERF_COLOR_MAGENTA;
147 	else if (val > ratios[2])
148 		color = PERF_COLOR_YELLOW;
149 
150 	return color;
151 }
152 
153 static double find_stat(const struct evsel *evsel, int aggr_idx, enum stat_type type)
154 {
155 	const struct evsel *cur;
156 	int evsel_ctx = evsel_context(evsel);
157 
158 	evlist__for_each_entry(evsel->evlist, cur) {
159 		struct perf_stat_aggr *aggr;
160 
161 		/* Ignore the evsel that is being searched from. */
162 		if (evsel == cur)
163 			continue;
164 
165 		/* Ignore evsels that are part of different groups. */
166 		if (evsel->core.leader->nr_members > 1 &&
167 		    evsel->core.leader != cur->core.leader)
168 			continue;
169 		/* Ignore evsels with mismatched modifiers. */
170 		if (evsel_ctx != evsel_context(cur))
171 			continue;
172 		/* Ignore if not the cgroup we're looking for. */
173 		if (evsel->cgrp != cur->cgrp)
174 			continue;
175 		/* Ignore if not the stat we're looking for. */
176 		if (type != evsel__stat_type(cur))
177 			continue;
178 
179 		aggr = &cur->stats->aggr[aggr_idx];
180 		if (type == STAT_NSECS)
181 			return aggr->counts.val;
182 		return aggr->counts.val * cur->scale;
183 	}
184 	return 0.0;
185 }
186 
187 static void print_ratio(struct perf_stat_config *config,
188 			const struct evsel *evsel, int aggr_idx,
189 			double numerator, struct perf_stat_output_ctx *out,
190 			enum stat_type denominator_type,
191 			const double color_ratios[3], const char *unit)
192 {
193 	double denominator = find_stat(evsel, aggr_idx, denominator_type);
194 
195 	if (numerator && denominator) {
196 		double ratio = numerator / denominator * 100.0;
197 		const char *color = get_ratio_color(color_ratios, ratio);
198 
199 		out->print_metric(config, out->ctx, color, "%7.2f%%", unit, ratio);
200 	} else
201 		out->print_metric(config, out->ctx, NULL, NULL, unit, 0);
202 }
203 
204 static void print_stalled_cycles_front(struct perf_stat_config *config,
205 				const struct evsel *evsel,
206 				int aggr_idx, double stalled,
207 				struct perf_stat_output_ctx *out)
208 {
209 	static const double color_ratios[3] = {50.0, 30.0, 10.0};
210 
211 	print_ratio(config, evsel, aggr_idx, stalled, out, STAT_CYCLES, color_ratios,
212 		    "frontend cycles idle");
213 }
214 
215 static void print_stalled_cycles_back(struct perf_stat_config *config,
216 				const struct evsel *evsel,
217 				int aggr_idx, double stalled,
218 				struct perf_stat_output_ctx *out)
219 {
220 	static const double color_ratios[3] = {75.0, 50.0, 20.0};
221 
222 	print_ratio(config, evsel, aggr_idx, stalled, out, STAT_CYCLES, color_ratios,
223 		    "backend cycles idle");
224 }
225 
226 static void print_branch_miss(struct perf_stat_config *config,
227 			const struct evsel *evsel,
228 			int aggr_idx, double misses,
229 			struct perf_stat_output_ctx *out)
230 {
231 	static const double color_ratios[3] = {20.0, 10.0, 5.0};
232 
233 	print_ratio(config, evsel, aggr_idx, misses, out, STAT_BRANCHES, color_ratios,
234 		    "of all branches");
235 }
236 
237 static void print_l1d_miss(struct perf_stat_config *config,
238 			const struct evsel *evsel,
239 			int aggr_idx, double misses,
240 			struct perf_stat_output_ctx *out)
241 {
242 	static const double color_ratios[3] = {20.0, 10.0, 5.0};
243 
244 	print_ratio(config, evsel, aggr_idx, misses, out, STAT_L1_DCACHE, color_ratios,
245 		    "of all L1-dcache accesses");
246 }
247 
248 static void print_l1i_miss(struct perf_stat_config *config,
249 			const struct evsel *evsel,
250 			int aggr_idx, double misses,
251 			struct perf_stat_output_ctx *out)
252 {
253 	static const double color_ratios[3] = {20.0, 10.0, 5.0};
254 
255 	print_ratio(config, evsel, aggr_idx, misses, out, STAT_L1_ICACHE, color_ratios,
256 		    "of all L1-icache accesses");
257 }
258 
259 static void print_ll_miss(struct perf_stat_config *config,
260 			const struct evsel *evsel,
261 			int aggr_idx, double misses,
262 			struct perf_stat_output_ctx *out)
263 {
264 	static const double color_ratios[3] = {20.0, 10.0, 5.0};
265 
266 	print_ratio(config, evsel, aggr_idx, misses, out, STAT_LL_CACHE, color_ratios,
267 		    "of all L1-icache accesses");
268 }
269 
270 static void print_dtlb_miss(struct perf_stat_config *config,
271 			const struct evsel *evsel,
272 			int aggr_idx, double misses,
273 			struct perf_stat_output_ctx *out)
274 {
275 	static const double color_ratios[3] = {20.0, 10.0, 5.0};
276 
277 	print_ratio(config, evsel, aggr_idx, misses, out, STAT_DTLB_CACHE, color_ratios,
278 		    "of all dTLB cache accesses");
279 }
280 
281 static void print_itlb_miss(struct perf_stat_config *config,
282 			const struct evsel *evsel,
283 			int aggr_idx, double misses,
284 			struct perf_stat_output_ctx *out)
285 {
286 	static const double color_ratios[3] = {20.0, 10.0, 5.0};
287 
288 	print_ratio(config, evsel, aggr_idx, misses, out, STAT_ITLB_CACHE, color_ratios,
289 		    "of all iTLB cache accesses");
290 }
291 
292 static void print_cache_miss(struct perf_stat_config *config,
293 			const struct evsel *evsel,
294 			int aggr_idx, double misses,
295 			struct perf_stat_output_ctx *out)
296 {
297 	static const double color_ratios[3] = {20.0, 10.0, 5.0};
298 
299 	print_ratio(config, evsel, aggr_idx, misses, out, STAT_CACHE_REFS, color_ratios,
300 		    "of all cache refs");
301 }
302 
303 static void print_instructions(struct perf_stat_config *config,
304 			const struct evsel *evsel,
305 			int aggr_idx, double instructions,
306 			struct perf_stat_output_ctx *out)
307 {
308 	print_metric_t print_metric = out->print_metric;
309 	void *ctxp = out->ctx;
310 	double cycles = find_stat(evsel, aggr_idx, STAT_CYCLES);
311 	double max_stalled = max(find_stat(evsel, aggr_idx, STAT_STALLED_CYCLES_FRONT),
312 				find_stat(evsel, aggr_idx, STAT_STALLED_CYCLES_BACK));
313 
314 	if (cycles) {
315 		print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, "%7.2f ", "insn per cycle",
316 			instructions / cycles);
317 	} else
318 		print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, NULL, "insn per cycle", 0);
319 
320 	if (max_stalled && instructions) {
321 		out->new_line(config, ctxp);
322 		print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, "%7.2f ", "stalled cycles per insn",
323 			max_stalled / instructions);
324 	}
325 }
326 
327 static void print_cycles(struct perf_stat_config *config,
328 			const struct evsel *evsel,
329 			int aggr_idx, double cycles,
330 			struct perf_stat_output_ctx *out)
331 {
332 	double nsecs = find_stat(evsel, aggr_idx, STAT_NSECS);
333 
334 	if (cycles && nsecs) {
335 		double ratio = cycles / nsecs;
336 
337 		out->print_metric(config, out->ctx, NULL, "%8.3f", "GHz", ratio);
338 	} else
339 		out->print_metric(config, out->ctx, NULL, NULL, "GHz", 0);
340 }
341 
342 static void print_nsecs(struct perf_stat_config *config,
343 			const struct evsel *evsel,
344 			int aggr_idx __maybe_unused, double nsecs,
345 			struct perf_stat_output_ctx *out)
346 {
347 	print_metric_t print_metric = out->print_metric;
348 	void *ctxp = out->ctx;
349 	double wall_time = avg_stats(&walltime_nsecs_stats);
350 
351 	if (wall_time) {
352 		print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, "%8.3f", "CPUs utilized",
353 			nsecs / (wall_time * evsel->scale));
354 	} else
355 		print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, NULL, "CPUs utilized", 0);
356 }
357 
358 static int prepare_metric(struct evsel **metric_events,
359 			  struct metric_ref *metric_refs,
360 			  struct expr_parse_ctx *pctx,
361 			  int aggr_idx)
362 {
363 	int i;
364 
365 	for (i = 0; metric_events[i]; i++) {
366 		char *n;
367 		double val;
368 		int source_count = 0;
369 
370 		if (evsel__is_tool(metric_events[i])) {
371 			struct stats *stats;
372 			double scale;
373 
374 			switch (metric_events[i]->tool_event) {
375 			case PERF_TOOL_DURATION_TIME:
376 				stats = &walltime_nsecs_stats;
377 				scale = 1e-9;
378 				break;
379 			case PERF_TOOL_USER_TIME:
380 				stats = &ru_stats.ru_utime_usec_stat;
381 				scale = 1e-6;
382 				break;
383 			case PERF_TOOL_SYSTEM_TIME:
384 				stats = &ru_stats.ru_stime_usec_stat;
385 				scale = 1e-6;
386 				break;
387 			case PERF_TOOL_NONE:
388 				pr_err("Invalid tool event 'none'");
389 				abort();
390 			case PERF_TOOL_MAX:
391 				pr_err("Invalid tool event 'max'");
392 				abort();
393 			default:
394 				pr_err("Unknown tool event '%s'", evsel__name(metric_events[i]));
395 				abort();
396 			}
397 			val = avg_stats(stats) * scale;
398 			source_count = 1;
399 		} else {
400 			struct perf_stat_evsel *ps = metric_events[i]->stats;
401 			struct perf_stat_aggr *aggr = &ps->aggr[aggr_idx];
402 
403 			if (!aggr)
404 				break;
405 
406                         if (!metric_events[i]->supported) {
407 				/*
408 				 * Not supported events will have a count of 0,
409 				 * which can be confusing in a
410 				 * metric. Explicitly set the value to NAN. Not
411 				 * counted events (enable time of 0) are read as
412 				 * 0.
413 				 */
414 				val = NAN;
415 				source_count = 0;
416 			} else {
417 				/*
418 				 * If an event was scaled during stat gathering,
419 				 * reverse the scale before computing the
420 				 * metric.
421 				 */
422 				val = aggr->counts.val * (1.0 / metric_events[i]->scale);
423 				source_count = evsel__source_count(metric_events[i]);
424 			}
425 		}
426 		n = strdup(evsel__metric_id(metric_events[i]));
427 		if (!n)
428 			return -ENOMEM;
429 
430 		expr__add_id_val_source_count(pctx, n, val, source_count);
431 	}
432 
433 	for (int j = 0; metric_refs && metric_refs[j].metric_name; j++) {
434 		int ret = expr__add_ref(pctx, &metric_refs[j]);
435 
436 		if (ret)
437 			return ret;
438 	}
439 
440 	return i;
441 }
442 
443 static void generic_metric(struct perf_stat_config *config,
444 			   const char *metric_expr,
445 			   const char *metric_threshold,
446 			   struct evsel **metric_events,
447 			   struct metric_ref *metric_refs,
448 			   char *name,
449 			   const char *metric_name,
450 			   const char *metric_unit,
451 			   int runtime,
452 			   int aggr_idx,
453 			   struct perf_stat_output_ctx *out)
454 {
455 	print_metric_t print_metric = out->print_metric;
456 	struct expr_parse_ctx *pctx;
457 	double ratio, scale, threshold;
458 	int i;
459 	void *ctxp = out->ctx;
460 	const char *color = NULL;
461 
462 	pctx = expr__ctx_new();
463 	if (!pctx)
464 		return;
465 
466 	if (config->user_requested_cpu_list)
467 		pctx->sctx.user_requested_cpu_list = strdup(config->user_requested_cpu_list);
468 	pctx->sctx.runtime = runtime;
469 	pctx->sctx.system_wide = config->system_wide;
470 	i = prepare_metric(metric_events, metric_refs, pctx, aggr_idx);
471 	if (i < 0) {
472 		expr__ctx_free(pctx);
473 		return;
474 	}
475 	if (!metric_events[i]) {
476 		if (expr__parse(&ratio, pctx, metric_expr) == 0) {
477 			char *unit;
478 			char metric_bf[64];
479 
480 			if (metric_threshold &&
481 			    expr__parse(&threshold, pctx, metric_threshold) == 0 &&
482 			    !isnan(threshold)) {
483 				color = fpclassify(threshold) == FP_ZERO
484 					? PERF_COLOR_GREEN : PERF_COLOR_RED;
485 			}
486 
487 			if (metric_unit && metric_name) {
488 				if (perf_pmu__convert_scale(metric_unit,
489 					&unit, &scale) >= 0) {
490 					ratio *= scale;
491 				}
492 				if (strstr(metric_expr, "?"))
493 					scnprintf(metric_bf, sizeof(metric_bf),
494 					  "%s  %s_%d", unit, metric_name, runtime);
495 				else
496 					scnprintf(metric_bf, sizeof(metric_bf),
497 					  "%s  %s", unit, metric_name);
498 
499 				print_metric(config, ctxp, color, "%8.1f",
500 					     metric_bf, ratio);
501 			} else {
502 				print_metric(config, ctxp, color, "%8.2f",
503 					metric_name ?
504 					metric_name :
505 					out->force_header ?  name : "",
506 					ratio);
507 			}
508 		} else {
509 			print_metric(config, ctxp, color, /*unit=*/NULL,
510 				     out->force_header ?
511 				     (metric_name ? metric_name : name) : "", 0);
512 		}
513 	} else {
514 		print_metric(config, ctxp, color, /*unit=*/NULL,
515 			     out->force_header ?
516 			     (metric_name ? metric_name : name) : "", 0);
517 	}
518 
519 	expr__ctx_free(pctx);
520 }
521 
522 double test_generic_metric(struct metric_expr *mexp, int aggr_idx)
523 {
524 	struct expr_parse_ctx *pctx;
525 	double ratio = 0.0;
526 
527 	pctx = expr__ctx_new();
528 	if (!pctx)
529 		return NAN;
530 
531 	if (prepare_metric(mexp->metric_events, mexp->metric_refs, pctx, aggr_idx) < 0)
532 		goto out;
533 
534 	if (expr__parse(&ratio, pctx, mexp->metric_expr))
535 		ratio = 0.0;
536 
537 out:
538 	expr__ctx_free(pctx);
539 	return ratio;
540 }
541 
542 static void perf_stat__print_metricgroup_header(struct perf_stat_config *config,
543 						struct evsel *evsel,
544 						void *ctxp,
545 						const char *name,
546 						struct perf_stat_output_ctx *out)
547 {
548 	bool need_full_name = perf_pmus__num_core_pmus() > 1;
549 	static const char *last_name;
550 	static const char *last_pmu;
551 	char full_name[64];
552 
553 	/*
554 	 * A metricgroup may have several metric events,
555 	 * e.g.,TopdownL1 on e-core of ADL.
556 	 * The name has been output by the first metric
557 	 * event. Only align with other metics from
558 	 * different metric events.
559 	 */
560 	if (last_name && !strcmp(last_name, name)) {
561 		if (!need_full_name || !strcmp(last_pmu, evsel->pmu_name)) {
562 			out->print_metricgroup_header(config, ctxp, NULL);
563 			return;
564 		}
565 	}
566 
567 	if (need_full_name)
568 		scnprintf(full_name, sizeof(full_name), "%s (%s)", name, evsel->pmu_name);
569 	else
570 		scnprintf(full_name, sizeof(full_name), "%s", name);
571 
572 	out->print_metricgroup_header(config, ctxp, full_name);
573 
574 	last_name = name;
575 	last_pmu = evsel->pmu_name;
576 }
577 
578 /**
579  * perf_stat__print_shadow_stats_metricgroup - Print out metrics associated with the evsel
580  *					       For the non-default, all metrics associated
581  *					       with the evsel are printed.
582  *					       For the default mode, only the metrics from
583  *					       the same metricgroup and the name of the
584  *					       metricgroup are printed. To print the metrics
585  *					       from the next metricgroup (if available),
586  *					       invoke the function with correspoinding
587  *					       metric_expr.
588  */
589 void *perf_stat__print_shadow_stats_metricgroup(struct perf_stat_config *config,
590 						struct evsel *evsel,
591 						int aggr_idx,
592 						int *num,
593 						void *from,
594 						struct perf_stat_output_ctx *out,
595 						struct rblist *metric_events)
596 {
597 	struct metric_event *me;
598 	struct metric_expr *mexp = from;
599 	void *ctxp = out->ctx;
600 	bool header_printed = false;
601 	const char *name = NULL;
602 
603 	me = metricgroup__lookup(metric_events, evsel, false);
604 	if (me == NULL)
605 		return NULL;
606 
607 	if (!mexp)
608 		mexp = list_first_entry(&me->head, typeof(*mexp), nd);
609 
610 	list_for_each_entry_from(mexp, &me->head, nd) {
611 		/* Print the display name of the Default metricgroup */
612 		if (!config->metric_only && me->is_default) {
613 			if (!name)
614 				name = mexp->default_metricgroup_name;
615 			/*
616 			 * Two or more metricgroup may share the same metric
617 			 * event, e.g., TopdownL1 and TopdownL2 on SPR.
618 			 * Return and print the prefix, e.g., noise, running
619 			 * for the next metricgroup.
620 			 */
621 			if (strcmp(name, mexp->default_metricgroup_name))
622 				return (void *)mexp;
623 			/* Only print the name of the metricgroup once */
624 			if (!header_printed) {
625 				header_printed = true;
626 				perf_stat__print_metricgroup_header(config, evsel, ctxp,
627 								    name, out);
628 			}
629 		}
630 
631 		if ((*num)++ > 0)
632 			out->new_line(config, ctxp);
633 		generic_metric(config, mexp->metric_expr, mexp->metric_threshold,
634 			       mexp->metric_events, mexp->metric_refs, evsel->name,
635 			       mexp->metric_name, mexp->metric_unit, mexp->runtime,
636 			       aggr_idx, out);
637 	}
638 
639 	return NULL;
640 }
641 
642 void perf_stat__print_shadow_stats(struct perf_stat_config *config,
643 				   struct evsel *evsel,
644 				   double avg, int aggr_idx,
645 				   struct perf_stat_output_ctx *out,
646 				   struct rblist *metric_events)
647 {
648 	typedef void (*stat_print_function_t)(struct perf_stat_config *config,
649 					const struct evsel *evsel,
650 					int aggr_idx, double misses,
651 					struct perf_stat_output_ctx *out);
652 	static const stat_print_function_t stat_print_function[STAT_MAX] = {
653 		[STAT_INSTRUCTIONS] = print_instructions,
654 		[STAT_BRANCH_MISS] = print_branch_miss,
655 		[STAT_L1D_MISS] = print_l1d_miss,
656 		[STAT_L1I_MISS] = print_l1i_miss,
657 		[STAT_DTLB_MISS] = print_dtlb_miss,
658 		[STAT_ITLB_MISS] = print_itlb_miss,
659 		[STAT_LL_MISS] = print_ll_miss,
660 		[STAT_CACHE_MISSES] = print_cache_miss,
661 		[STAT_STALLED_CYCLES_FRONT] = print_stalled_cycles_front,
662 		[STAT_STALLED_CYCLES_BACK] = print_stalled_cycles_back,
663 		[STAT_CYCLES] = print_cycles,
664 		[STAT_NSECS] = print_nsecs,
665 	};
666 	print_metric_t print_metric = out->print_metric;
667 	void *ctxp = out->ctx;
668 	int num = 1;
669 
670 	if (config->iostat_run) {
671 		iostat_print_metric(config, evsel, out);
672 	} else {
673 		stat_print_function_t fn = stat_print_function[evsel__stat_type(evsel)];
674 
675 		if (fn)
676 			fn(config, evsel, aggr_idx, avg, out);
677 		else {
678 			double nsecs =	find_stat(evsel, aggr_idx, STAT_NSECS);
679 
680 			if (nsecs) {
681 				char unit = ' ';
682 				char unit_buf[10] = "/sec";
683 				double ratio = convert_unit_double(1000000000.0 * avg / nsecs,
684 								   &unit);
685 
686 				if (unit != ' ')
687 					snprintf(unit_buf, sizeof(unit_buf), "%c/sec", unit);
688 				print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, "%8.3f", unit_buf, ratio);
689 			} else
690 				num = 0;
691 		}
692 	}
693 
694 	perf_stat__print_shadow_stats_metricgroup(config, evsel, aggr_idx,
695 						  &num, NULL, out, metric_events);
696 
697 	if (num == 0)
698 		print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, NULL, NULL, 0);
699 }
700 
701 /**
702  * perf_stat__skip_metric_event - Skip the evsel in the Default metricgroup,
703  *				  if it's not running or not the metric event.
704  */
705 bool perf_stat__skip_metric_event(struct evsel *evsel,
706 				  struct rblist *metric_events,
707 				  u64 ena, u64 run)
708 {
709 	if (!evsel->default_metricgroup)
710 		return false;
711 
712 	if (!ena || !run)
713 		return true;
714 
715 	return !metricgroup__lookup(metric_events, evsel, false);
716 }
717