xref: /linux/tools/perf/util/probe-event.c (revision f728c17fc97aea7a33151d9ba64106291c62bb02)
1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
2 /*
3  * probe-event.c : perf-probe definition to probe_events format converter
4  *
5  * Written by Masami Hiramatsu <mhiramat@redhat.com>
6  */
7 
8 #include <inttypes.h>
9 #include <sys/utsname.h>
10 #include <sys/types.h>
11 #include <sys/stat.h>
12 #include <fcntl.h>
13 #include <errno.h>
14 #include <stdio.h>
15 #include <unistd.h>
16 #include <stdlib.h>
17 #include <string.h>
18 #include <stdarg.h>
19 #include <limits.h>
20 #include <elf.h>
21 
22 #include "build-id.h"
23 #include "event.h"
24 #include "namespaces.h"
25 #include "strlist.h"
26 #include "strfilter.h"
27 #include "debug.h"
28 #include "dso.h"
29 #include "color.h"
30 #include "map.h"
31 #include "maps.h"
32 #include "mutex.h"
33 #include "symbol.h"
34 #include <api/fs/fs.h>
35 #include "trace-event.h"	/* For __maybe_unused */
36 #include "probe-event.h"
37 #include "probe-finder.h"
38 #include "probe-file.h"
39 #include "session.h"
40 #include "string2.h"
41 #include "strbuf.h"
42 
43 #include <subcmd/pager.h>
44 #include <linux/ctype.h>
45 #include <linux/zalloc.h>
46 
47 #ifdef HAVE_DEBUGINFOD_SUPPORT
48 #include <elfutils/debuginfod.h>
49 #endif
50 
51 #define PERFPROBE_GROUP "probe"
52 
53 bool probe_event_dry_run;	/* Dry run flag */
54 struct probe_conf probe_conf = { .magic_num = DEFAULT_PROBE_MAGIC_NUM };
55 
56 static char *synthesize_perf_probe_point(struct perf_probe_point *pp);
57 
58 #define semantic_error(msg ...) pr_err("Semantic error :" msg)
59 
60 int e_snprintf(char *str, size_t size, const char *format, ...)
61 {
62 	int ret;
63 	va_list ap;
64 	va_start(ap, format);
65 	ret = vsnprintf(str, size, format, ap);
66 	va_end(ap);
67 	if (ret >= (int)size)
68 		ret = -E2BIG;
69 	return ret;
70 }
71 
72 static struct machine *host_machine;
73 
74 /* Initialize symbol maps and path of vmlinux/modules */
75 int init_probe_symbol_maps(bool user_only)
76 {
77 	int ret;
78 
79 	symbol_conf.allow_aliases = true;
80 	ret = symbol__init(NULL);
81 	if (ret < 0) {
82 		pr_debug("Failed to init symbol map.\n");
83 		goto out;
84 	}
85 
86 	if (host_machine || user_only)	/* already initialized */
87 		return 0;
88 
89 	if (symbol_conf.vmlinux_name)
90 		pr_debug("Use vmlinux: %s\n", symbol_conf.vmlinux_name);
91 
92 	host_machine = machine__new_host();
93 	if (!host_machine) {
94 		pr_debug("machine__new_host() failed.\n");
95 		symbol__exit();
96 		ret = -1;
97 	}
98 out:
99 	if (ret < 0)
100 		pr_warning("Failed to init vmlinux path.\n");
101 	return ret;
102 }
103 
104 void exit_probe_symbol_maps(void)
105 {
106 	machine__delete(host_machine);
107 	host_machine = NULL;
108 	symbol__exit();
109 }
110 
111 static struct ref_reloc_sym *kernel_get_ref_reloc_sym(struct map **pmap)
112 {
113 	struct kmap *kmap;
114 	struct map *map = machine__kernel_map(host_machine);
115 
116 	if (map__load(map) < 0)
117 		return NULL;
118 
119 	kmap = map__kmap(map);
120 	if (!kmap)
121 		return NULL;
122 
123 	if (pmap)
124 		*pmap = map;
125 
126 	return kmap->ref_reloc_sym;
127 }
128 
129 static int kernel_get_symbol_address_by_name(const char *name, u64 *addr,
130 					     bool reloc, bool reladdr)
131 {
132 	struct ref_reloc_sym *reloc_sym;
133 	struct symbol *sym;
134 	struct map *map;
135 
136 	/* ref_reloc_sym is just a label. Need a special fix*/
137 	reloc_sym = kernel_get_ref_reloc_sym(&map);
138 	if (reloc_sym && strcmp(name, reloc_sym->name) == 0)
139 		*addr = (!map__reloc(map) || reloc) ? reloc_sym->addr :
140 			reloc_sym->unrelocated_addr;
141 	else {
142 		sym = machine__find_kernel_symbol_by_name(host_machine, name, &map);
143 		if (!sym)
144 			return -ENOENT;
145 		*addr = map__unmap_ip(map, sym->start) -
146 			((reloc) ? 0 : map__reloc(map)) -
147 			((reladdr) ? map__start(map) : 0);
148 	}
149 	return 0;
150 }
151 
152 struct kernel_get_module_map_cb_args {
153 	const char *module;
154 	struct map *result;
155 };
156 
157 static int kernel_get_module_map_cb(struct map *map, void *data)
158 {
159 	struct kernel_get_module_map_cb_args *args = data;
160 	struct dso *dso = map__dso(map);
161 	const char *short_name = dso->short_name; /* short_name is "[module]" */
162 	u16 short_name_len =  dso->short_name_len;
163 
164 	if (strncmp(short_name + 1, args->module, short_name_len - 2) == 0 &&
165 	    args->module[short_name_len - 2] == '\0') {
166 		args->result = map__get(map);
167 		return 1;
168 	}
169 	return 0;
170 }
171 
172 static struct map *kernel_get_module_map(const char *module)
173 {
174 	struct kernel_get_module_map_cb_args args = {
175 		.module = module,
176 		.result = NULL,
177 	};
178 
179 	/* A file path -- this is an offline module */
180 	if (module && strchr(module, '/'))
181 		return dso__new_map(module);
182 
183 	if (!module) {
184 		struct map *map = machine__kernel_map(host_machine);
185 
186 		return map__get(map);
187 	}
188 
189 	maps__for_each_map(machine__kernel_maps(host_machine), kernel_get_module_map_cb, &args);
190 
191 	return args.result;
192 }
193 
194 struct map *get_target_map(const char *target, struct nsinfo *nsi, bool user)
195 {
196 	/* Init maps of given executable or kernel */
197 	if (user) {
198 		struct map *map;
199 		struct dso *dso;
200 
201 		map = dso__new_map(target);
202 		dso = map ? map__dso(map) : NULL;
203 		if (dso) {
204 			mutex_lock(&dso->lock);
205 			nsinfo__put(dso->nsinfo);
206 			dso->nsinfo = nsinfo__get(nsi);
207 			mutex_unlock(&dso->lock);
208 		}
209 		return map;
210 	} else {
211 		return kernel_get_module_map(target);
212 	}
213 }
214 
215 static int convert_exec_to_group(const char *exec, char **result)
216 {
217 	char *ptr1, *ptr2, *exec_copy;
218 	char buf[64];
219 	int ret;
220 
221 	exec_copy = strdup(exec);
222 	if (!exec_copy)
223 		return -ENOMEM;
224 
225 	ptr1 = basename(exec_copy);
226 	if (!ptr1) {
227 		ret = -EINVAL;
228 		goto out;
229 	}
230 
231 	for (ptr2 = ptr1; *ptr2 != '\0'; ptr2++) {
232 		if (!isalnum(*ptr2) && *ptr2 != '_') {
233 			*ptr2 = '\0';
234 			break;
235 		}
236 	}
237 
238 	ret = e_snprintf(buf, 64, "%s_%s", PERFPROBE_GROUP, ptr1);
239 	if (ret < 0)
240 		goto out;
241 
242 	*result = strdup(buf);
243 	ret = *result ? 0 : -ENOMEM;
244 
245 out:
246 	free(exec_copy);
247 	return ret;
248 }
249 
250 static void clear_perf_probe_point(struct perf_probe_point *pp)
251 {
252 	zfree(&pp->file);
253 	zfree(&pp->function);
254 	zfree(&pp->lazy_line);
255 }
256 
257 static void clear_probe_trace_events(struct probe_trace_event *tevs, int ntevs)
258 {
259 	int i;
260 
261 	for (i = 0; i < ntevs; i++)
262 		clear_probe_trace_event(tevs + i);
263 }
264 
265 static bool kprobe_blacklist__listed(u64 address);
266 static bool kprobe_warn_out_range(const char *symbol, u64 address)
267 {
268 	struct map *map;
269 	bool ret = false;
270 
271 	map = kernel_get_module_map(NULL);
272 	if (map) {
273 		ret = address <= map__start(map) || map__end(map) < address;
274 		if (ret)
275 			pr_warning("%s is out of .text, skip it.\n", symbol);
276 		map__put(map);
277 	}
278 	if (!ret && kprobe_blacklist__listed(address)) {
279 		pr_warning("%s is blacklisted function, skip it.\n", symbol);
280 		ret = true;
281 	}
282 
283 	return ret;
284 }
285 
286 /*
287  * @module can be module name of module file path. In case of path,
288  * inspect elf and find out what is actual module name.
289  * Caller has to free mod_name after using it.
290  */
291 static char *find_module_name(const char *module)
292 {
293 	int fd;
294 	Elf *elf;
295 	GElf_Ehdr ehdr;
296 	GElf_Shdr shdr;
297 	Elf_Data *data;
298 	Elf_Scn *sec;
299 	char *mod_name = NULL;
300 	int name_offset;
301 
302 	fd = open(module, O_RDONLY);
303 	if (fd < 0)
304 		return NULL;
305 
306 	elf = elf_begin(fd, PERF_ELF_C_READ_MMAP, NULL);
307 	if (elf == NULL)
308 		goto elf_err;
309 
310 	if (gelf_getehdr(elf, &ehdr) == NULL)
311 		goto ret_err;
312 
313 	sec = elf_section_by_name(elf, &ehdr, &shdr,
314 			".gnu.linkonce.this_module", NULL);
315 	if (!sec)
316 		goto ret_err;
317 
318 	data = elf_getdata(sec, NULL);
319 	if (!data || !data->d_buf)
320 		goto ret_err;
321 
322 	/*
323 	 * NOTE:
324 	 * '.gnu.linkonce.this_module' section of kernel module elf directly
325 	 * maps to 'struct module' from linux/module.h. This section contains
326 	 * actual module name which will be used by kernel after loading it.
327 	 * But, we cannot use 'struct module' here since linux/module.h is not
328 	 * exposed to user-space. Offset of 'name' has remained same from long
329 	 * time, so hardcoding it here.
330 	 */
331 	if (ehdr.e_ident[EI_CLASS] == ELFCLASS32)
332 		name_offset = 12;
333 	else	/* expect ELFCLASS64 by default */
334 		name_offset = 24;
335 
336 	mod_name = strdup((char *)data->d_buf + name_offset);
337 
338 ret_err:
339 	elf_end(elf);
340 elf_err:
341 	close(fd);
342 	return mod_name;
343 }
344 
345 #ifdef HAVE_DWARF_SUPPORT
346 
347 static int kernel_get_module_dso(const char *module, struct dso **pdso)
348 {
349 	struct dso *dso;
350 	struct map *map;
351 	const char *vmlinux_name;
352 	int ret = 0;
353 
354 	if (module) {
355 		char module_name[128];
356 
357 		snprintf(module_name, sizeof(module_name), "[%s]", module);
358 		map = maps__find_by_name(machine__kernel_maps(host_machine), module_name);
359 		if (map) {
360 			dso = map__dso(map);
361 			goto found;
362 		}
363 		pr_debug("Failed to find module %s.\n", module);
364 		return -ENOENT;
365 	}
366 
367 	map = machine__kernel_map(host_machine);
368 	dso = map__dso(map);
369 	if (!dso->has_build_id)
370 		dso__read_running_kernel_build_id(dso, host_machine);
371 
372 	vmlinux_name = symbol_conf.vmlinux_name;
373 	dso->load_errno = 0;
374 	if (vmlinux_name)
375 		ret = dso__load_vmlinux(dso, map, vmlinux_name, false);
376 	else
377 		ret = dso__load_vmlinux_path(dso, map);
378 found:
379 	*pdso = dso;
380 	return ret;
381 }
382 
383 /*
384  * Some binaries like glibc have special symbols which are on the symbol
385  * table, but not in the debuginfo. If we can find the address of the
386  * symbol from map, we can translate the address back to the probe point.
387  */
388 static int find_alternative_probe_point(struct debuginfo *dinfo,
389 					struct perf_probe_point *pp,
390 					struct perf_probe_point *result,
391 					const char *target, struct nsinfo *nsi,
392 					bool uprobes)
393 {
394 	struct map *map = NULL;
395 	struct symbol *sym;
396 	u64 address = 0;
397 	int ret = -ENOENT;
398 	size_t idx;
399 
400 	/* This can work only for function-name based one */
401 	if (!pp->function || pp->file)
402 		return -ENOTSUP;
403 
404 	map = get_target_map(target, nsi, uprobes);
405 	if (!map)
406 		return -EINVAL;
407 
408 	/* Find the address of given function */
409 	map__for_each_symbol_by_name(map, pp->function, sym, idx) {
410 		if (uprobes) {
411 			address = sym->start;
412 			if (sym->type == STT_GNU_IFUNC)
413 				pr_warning("Warning: The probe function (%s) is a GNU indirect function.\n"
414 					   "Consider identifying the final function used at run time and set the probe directly on that.\n",
415 					   pp->function);
416 		} else
417 			address = map__unmap_ip(map, sym->start) - map__reloc(map);
418 		break;
419 	}
420 	if (!address) {
421 		ret = -ENOENT;
422 		goto out;
423 	}
424 	pr_debug("Symbol %s address found : %" PRIx64 "\n",
425 			pp->function, address);
426 
427 	ret = debuginfo__find_probe_point(dinfo, address, result);
428 	if (ret <= 0)
429 		ret = (!ret) ? -ENOENT : ret;
430 	else {
431 		result->offset += pp->offset;
432 		result->line += pp->line;
433 		result->retprobe = pp->retprobe;
434 		ret = 0;
435 	}
436 
437 out:
438 	map__put(map);
439 	return ret;
440 
441 }
442 
443 static int get_alternative_probe_event(struct debuginfo *dinfo,
444 				       struct perf_probe_event *pev,
445 				       struct perf_probe_point *tmp)
446 {
447 	int ret;
448 
449 	memcpy(tmp, &pev->point, sizeof(*tmp));
450 	memset(&pev->point, 0, sizeof(pev->point));
451 	ret = find_alternative_probe_point(dinfo, tmp, &pev->point, pev->target,
452 					   pev->nsi, pev->uprobes);
453 	if (ret < 0)
454 		memcpy(&pev->point, tmp, sizeof(*tmp));
455 
456 	return ret;
457 }
458 
459 static int get_alternative_line_range(struct debuginfo *dinfo,
460 				      struct line_range *lr,
461 				      const char *target, bool user)
462 {
463 	struct perf_probe_point pp = { .function = lr->function,
464 				       .file = lr->file,
465 				       .line = lr->start };
466 	struct perf_probe_point result;
467 	int ret, len = 0;
468 
469 	memset(&result, 0, sizeof(result));
470 
471 	if (lr->end != INT_MAX)
472 		len = lr->end - lr->start;
473 	ret = find_alternative_probe_point(dinfo, &pp, &result,
474 					   target, NULL, user);
475 	if (!ret) {
476 		lr->function = result.function;
477 		lr->file = result.file;
478 		lr->start = result.line;
479 		if (lr->end != INT_MAX)
480 			lr->end = lr->start + len;
481 		clear_perf_probe_point(&pp);
482 	}
483 	return ret;
484 }
485 
486 #ifdef HAVE_DEBUGINFOD_SUPPORT
487 static struct debuginfo *open_from_debuginfod(struct dso *dso, struct nsinfo *nsi,
488 					      bool silent)
489 {
490 	debuginfod_client *c = debuginfod_begin();
491 	char sbuild_id[SBUILD_ID_SIZE + 1];
492 	struct debuginfo *ret = NULL;
493 	struct nscookie nsc;
494 	char *path;
495 	int fd;
496 
497 	if (!c)
498 		return NULL;
499 
500 	build_id__sprintf(&dso->bid, sbuild_id);
501 	fd = debuginfod_find_debuginfo(c, (const unsigned char *)sbuild_id,
502 					0, &path);
503 	if (fd >= 0)
504 		close(fd);
505 	debuginfod_end(c);
506 	if (fd < 0) {
507 		if (!silent)
508 			pr_debug("Failed to find debuginfo in debuginfod.\n");
509 		return NULL;
510 	}
511 	if (!silent)
512 		pr_debug("Load debuginfo from debuginfod (%s)\n", path);
513 
514 	nsinfo__mountns_enter(nsi, &nsc);
515 	ret = debuginfo__new((const char *)path);
516 	nsinfo__mountns_exit(&nsc);
517 	return ret;
518 }
519 #else
520 static inline
521 struct debuginfo *open_from_debuginfod(struct dso *dso __maybe_unused,
522 				       struct nsinfo *nsi __maybe_unused,
523 				       bool silent __maybe_unused)
524 {
525 	return NULL;
526 }
527 #endif
528 
529 /* Open new debuginfo of given module */
530 static struct debuginfo *open_debuginfo(const char *module, struct nsinfo *nsi,
531 					bool silent)
532 {
533 	const char *path = module;
534 	char reason[STRERR_BUFSIZE];
535 	struct debuginfo *ret = NULL;
536 	struct dso *dso = NULL;
537 	struct nscookie nsc;
538 	int err;
539 
540 	if (!module || !strchr(module, '/')) {
541 		err = kernel_get_module_dso(module, &dso);
542 		if (err < 0) {
543 			if (!dso || dso->load_errno == 0) {
544 				if (!str_error_r(-err, reason, STRERR_BUFSIZE))
545 					strcpy(reason, "(unknown)");
546 			} else
547 				dso__strerror_load(dso, reason, STRERR_BUFSIZE);
548 			if (dso)
549 				ret = open_from_debuginfod(dso, nsi, silent);
550 			if (ret)
551 				return ret;
552 			if (!silent) {
553 				if (module)
554 					pr_err("Module %s is not loaded, please specify its full path name.\n", module);
555 				else
556 					pr_err("Failed to find the path for the kernel: %s\n", reason);
557 			}
558 			return NULL;
559 		}
560 		path = dso->long_name;
561 	}
562 	nsinfo__mountns_enter(nsi, &nsc);
563 	ret = debuginfo__new(path);
564 	if (!ret && !silent) {
565 		pr_warning("The %s file has no debug information.\n", path);
566 		if (!module || !strtailcmp(path, ".ko"))
567 			pr_warning("Rebuild with CONFIG_DEBUG_INFO=y, ");
568 		else
569 			pr_warning("Rebuild with -g, ");
570 		pr_warning("or install an appropriate debuginfo package.\n");
571 	}
572 	nsinfo__mountns_exit(&nsc);
573 	return ret;
574 }
575 
576 /* For caching the last debuginfo */
577 static struct debuginfo *debuginfo_cache;
578 static char *debuginfo_cache_path;
579 
580 static struct debuginfo *debuginfo_cache__open(const char *module, bool silent)
581 {
582 	const char *path = module;
583 
584 	/* If the module is NULL, it should be the kernel. */
585 	if (!module)
586 		path = "kernel";
587 
588 	if (debuginfo_cache_path && !strcmp(debuginfo_cache_path, path))
589 		goto out;
590 
591 	/* Copy module path */
592 	free(debuginfo_cache_path);
593 	debuginfo_cache_path = strdup(path);
594 	if (!debuginfo_cache_path) {
595 		debuginfo__delete(debuginfo_cache);
596 		debuginfo_cache = NULL;
597 		goto out;
598 	}
599 
600 	debuginfo_cache = open_debuginfo(module, NULL, silent);
601 	if (!debuginfo_cache)
602 		zfree(&debuginfo_cache_path);
603 out:
604 	return debuginfo_cache;
605 }
606 
607 static void debuginfo_cache__exit(void)
608 {
609 	debuginfo__delete(debuginfo_cache);
610 	debuginfo_cache = NULL;
611 	zfree(&debuginfo_cache_path);
612 }
613 
614 
615 static int get_text_start_address(const char *exec, u64 *address,
616 				  struct nsinfo *nsi)
617 {
618 	Elf *elf;
619 	GElf_Ehdr ehdr;
620 	GElf_Shdr shdr;
621 	int fd, ret = -ENOENT;
622 	struct nscookie nsc;
623 
624 	nsinfo__mountns_enter(nsi, &nsc);
625 	fd = open(exec, O_RDONLY);
626 	nsinfo__mountns_exit(&nsc);
627 	if (fd < 0)
628 		return -errno;
629 
630 	elf = elf_begin(fd, PERF_ELF_C_READ_MMAP, NULL);
631 	if (elf == NULL) {
632 		ret = -EINVAL;
633 		goto out_close;
634 	}
635 
636 	if (gelf_getehdr(elf, &ehdr) == NULL)
637 		goto out;
638 
639 	if (!elf_section_by_name(elf, &ehdr, &shdr, ".text", NULL))
640 		goto out;
641 
642 	*address = shdr.sh_addr - shdr.sh_offset;
643 	ret = 0;
644 out:
645 	elf_end(elf);
646 out_close:
647 	close(fd);
648 
649 	return ret;
650 }
651 
652 /*
653  * Convert trace point to probe point with debuginfo
654  */
655 static int find_perf_probe_point_from_dwarf(struct probe_trace_point *tp,
656 					    struct perf_probe_point *pp,
657 					    bool is_kprobe)
658 {
659 	struct debuginfo *dinfo = NULL;
660 	u64 stext = 0;
661 	u64 addr = tp->address;
662 	int ret = -ENOENT;
663 
664 	/* convert the address to dwarf address */
665 	if (!is_kprobe) {
666 		if (!addr) {
667 			ret = -EINVAL;
668 			goto error;
669 		}
670 		ret = get_text_start_address(tp->module, &stext, NULL);
671 		if (ret < 0)
672 			goto error;
673 		addr += stext;
674 	} else if (tp->symbol) {
675 		/* If the module is given, this returns relative address */
676 		ret = kernel_get_symbol_address_by_name(tp->symbol, &addr,
677 							false, !!tp->module);
678 		if (ret != 0)
679 			goto error;
680 		addr += tp->offset;
681 	}
682 
683 	pr_debug("try to find information at %" PRIx64 " in %s\n", addr,
684 		 tp->module ? : "kernel");
685 
686 	dinfo = debuginfo_cache__open(tp->module, verbose <= 0);
687 	if (dinfo)
688 		ret = debuginfo__find_probe_point(dinfo, addr, pp);
689 	else
690 		ret = -ENOENT;
691 
692 	if (ret > 0) {
693 		pp->retprobe = tp->retprobe;
694 		return 0;
695 	}
696 error:
697 	pr_debug("Failed to find corresponding probes from debuginfo.\n");
698 	return ret ? : -ENOENT;
699 }
700 
701 /* Adjust symbol name and address */
702 static int post_process_probe_trace_point(struct probe_trace_point *tp,
703 					   struct map *map, u64 offs)
704 {
705 	struct symbol *sym;
706 	u64 addr = tp->address - offs;
707 
708 	sym = map__find_symbol(map, addr);
709 	if (!sym) {
710 		/*
711 		 * If the address is in the inittext section, map can not
712 		 * find it. Ignore it if we are probing offline kernel.
713 		 */
714 		return (symbol_conf.ignore_vmlinux_buildid) ? 0 : -ENOENT;
715 	}
716 
717 	if (strcmp(sym->name, tp->symbol)) {
718 		/* If we have no realname, use symbol for it */
719 		if (!tp->realname)
720 			tp->realname = tp->symbol;
721 		else
722 			free(tp->symbol);
723 		tp->symbol = strdup(sym->name);
724 		if (!tp->symbol)
725 			return -ENOMEM;
726 	}
727 	tp->offset = addr - sym->start;
728 	tp->address -= offs;
729 
730 	return 0;
731 }
732 
733 /*
734  * Rename DWARF symbols to ELF symbols -- gcc sometimes optimizes functions
735  * and generate new symbols with suffixes such as .constprop.N or .isra.N
736  * etc. Since those symbols are not recorded in DWARF, we have to find
737  * correct generated symbols from offline ELF binary.
738  * For online kernel or uprobes we don't need this because those are
739  * rebased on _text, or already a section relative address.
740  */
741 static int
742 post_process_offline_probe_trace_events(struct probe_trace_event *tevs,
743 					int ntevs, const char *pathname)
744 {
745 	struct map *map;
746 	u64 stext = 0;
747 	int i, ret = 0;
748 
749 	/* Prepare a map for offline binary */
750 	map = dso__new_map(pathname);
751 	if (!map || get_text_start_address(pathname, &stext, NULL) < 0) {
752 		pr_warning("Failed to get ELF symbols for %s\n", pathname);
753 		return -EINVAL;
754 	}
755 
756 	for (i = 0; i < ntevs; i++) {
757 		ret = post_process_probe_trace_point(&tevs[i].point,
758 						     map, stext);
759 		if (ret < 0)
760 			break;
761 	}
762 	map__put(map);
763 
764 	return ret;
765 }
766 
767 static int add_exec_to_probe_trace_events(struct probe_trace_event *tevs,
768 					  int ntevs, const char *exec,
769 					  struct nsinfo *nsi)
770 {
771 	int i, ret = 0;
772 	u64 stext = 0;
773 
774 	if (!exec)
775 		return 0;
776 
777 	ret = get_text_start_address(exec, &stext, nsi);
778 	if (ret < 0)
779 		return ret;
780 
781 	for (i = 0; i < ntevs && ret >= 0; i++) {
782 		/* point.address is the address of point.symbol + point.offset */
783 		tevs[i].point.address -= stext;
784 		tevs[i].point.module = strdup(exec);
785 		if (!tevs[i].point.module) {
786 			ret = -ENOMEM;
787 			break;
788 		}
789 		tevs[i].uprobes = true;
790 	}
791 
792 	return ret;
793 }
794 
795 static int
796 post_process_module_probe_trace_events(struct probe_trace_event *tevs,
797 				       int ntevs, const char *module,
798 				       struct debuginfo *dinfo)
799 {
800 	Dwarf_Addr text_offs = 0;
801 	int i, ret = 0;
802 	char *mod_name = NULL;
803 	struct map *map;
804 
805 	if (!module)
806 		return 0;
807 
808 	map = get_target_map(module, NULL, false);
809 	if (!map || debuginfo__get_text_offset(dinfo, &text_offs, true) < 0) {
810 		pr_warning("Failed to get ELF symbols for %s\n", module);
811 		return -EINVAL;
812 	}
813 
814 	mod_name = find_module_name(module);
815 	for (i = 0; i < ntevs; i++) {
816 		ret = post_process_probe_trace_point(&tevs[i].point,
817 						map, text_offs);
818 		if (ret < 0)
819 			break;
820 		tevs[i].point.module =
821 			strdup(mod_name ? mod_name : module);
822 		if (!tevs[i].point.module) {
823 			ret = -ENOMEM;
824 			break;
825 		}
826 	}
827 
828 	free(mod_name);
829 	map__put(map);
830 
831 	return ret;
832 }
833 
834 static int
835 post_process_kernel_probe_trace_events(struct probe_trace_event *tevs,
836 				       int ntevs)
837 {
838 	struct ref_reloc_sym *reloc_sym;
839 	struct map *map;
840 	char *tmp;
841 	int i, skipped = 0;
842 
843 	/* Skip post process if the target is an offline kernel */
844 	if (symbol_conf.ignore_vmlinux_buildid)
845 		return post_process_offline_probe_trace_events(tevs, ntevs,
846 						symbol_conf.vmlinux_name);
847 
848 	reloc_sym = kernel_get_ref_reloc_sym(&map);
849 	if (!reloc_sym) {
850 		pr_warning("Relocated base symbol is not found! "
851 			   "Check /proc/sys/kernel/kptr_restrict\n"
852 			   "and /proc/sys/kernel/perf_event_paranoid. "
853 			   "Or run as privileged perf user.\n\n");
854 		return -EINVAL;
855 	}
856 
857 	for (i = 0; i < ntevs; i++) {
858 		if (!tevs[i].point.address)
859 			continue;
860 		if (tevs[i].point.retprobe && !kretprobe_offset_is_supported())
861 			continue;
862 		/*
863 		 * If we found a wrong one, mark it by NULL symbol.
864 		 * Since addresses in debuginfo is same as objdump, we need
865 		 * to convert it to addresses on memory.
866 		 */
867 		if (kprobe_warn_out_range(tevs[i].point.symbol,
868 			map__objdump_2mem(map, tevs[i].point.address))) {
869 			tmp = NULL;
870 			skipped++;
871 		} else {
872 			tmp = strdup(reloc_sym->name);
873 			if (!tmp)
874 				return -ENOMEM;
875 		}
876 		/* If we have no realname, use symbol for it */
877 		if (!tevs[i].point.realname)
878 			tevs[i].point.realname = tevs[i].point.symbol;
879 		else
880 			free(tevs[i].point.symbol);
881 		tevs[i].point.symbol = tmp;
882 		tevs[i].point.offset = tevs[i].point.address -
883 			(map__reloc(map) ? reloc_sym->unrelocated_addr :
884 				      reloc_sym->addr);
885 	}
886 	return skipped;
887 }
888 
889 void __weak
890 arch__post_process_probe_trace_events(struct perf_probe_event *pev __maybe_unused,
891 				      int ntevs __maybe_unused)
892 {
893 }
894 
895 /* Post processing the probe events */
896 static int post_process_probe_trace_events(struct perf_probe_event *pev,
897 					   struct probe_trace_event *tevs,
898 					   int ntevs, const char *module,
899 					   bool uprobe, struct debuginfo *dinfo)
900 {
901 	int ret;
902 
903 	if (uprobe)
904 		ret = add_exec_to_probe_trace_events(tevs, ntevs, module,
905 						     pev->nsi);
906 	else if (module)
907 		/* Currently ref_reloc_sym based probe is not for drivers */
908 		ret = post_process_module_probe_trace_events(tevs, ntevs,
909 							     module, dinfo);
910 	else
911 		ret = post_process_kernel_probe_trace_events(tevs, ntevs);
912 
913 	if (ret >= 0)
914 		arch__post_process_probe_trace_events(pev, ntevs);
915 
916 	return ret;
917 }
918 
919 /* Try to find perf_probe_event with debuginfo */
920 static int try_to_find_probe_trace_events(struct perf_probe_event *pev,
921 					  struct probe_trace_event **tevs)
922 {
923 	bool need_dwarf = perf_probe_event_need_dwarf(pev);
924 	struct perf_probe_point tmp;
925 	struct debuginfo *dinfo;
926 	int ntevs, ret = 0;
927 
928 	/* Workaround for gcc #98776 issue.
929 	 * Perf failed to add kretprobe event with debuginfo of vmlinux which is
930 	 * compiled by gcc with -fpatchable-function-entry option enabled. The
931 	 * same issue with kernel module. The retprobe doesn`t need debuginfo.
932 	 * This workaround solution use map to query the probe function address
933 	 * for retprobe event.
934 	 */
935 	if (pev->point.retprobe)
936 		return 0;
937 
938 	dinfo = open_debuginfo(pev->target, pev->nsi, !need_dwarf);
939 	if (!dinfo) {
940 		if (need_dwarf)
941 			return -ENODATA;
942 		pr_debug("Could not open debuginfo. Try to use symbols.\n");
943 		return 0;
944 	}
945 
946 	pr_debug("Try to find probe point from debuginfo.\n");
947 	/* Searching trace events corresponding to a probe event */
948 	ntevs = debuginfo__find_trace_events(dinfo, pev, tevs);
949 
950 	if (ntevs == 0)	{  /* Not found, retry with an alternative */
951 		ret = get_alternative_probe_event(dinfo, pev, &tmp);
952 		if (!ret) {
953 			ntevs = debuginfo__find_trace_events(dinfo, pev, tevs);
954 			/*
955 			 * Write back to the original probe_event for
956 			 * setting appropriate (user given) event name
957 			 */
958 			clear_perf_probe_point(&pev->point);
959 			memcpy(&pev->point, &tmp, sizeof(tmp));
960 		}
961 	}
962 
963 	if (ntevs > 0) {	/* Succeeded to find trace events */
964 		pr_debug("Found %d probe_trace_events.\n", ntevs);
965 		ret = post_process_probe_trace_events(pev, *tevs, ntevs,
966 					pev->target, pev->uprobes, dinfo);
967 		if (ret < 0 || ret == ntevs) {
968 			pr_debug("Post processing failed or all events are skipped. (%d)\n", ret);
969 			clear_probe_trace_events(*tevs, ntevs);
970 			zfree(tevs);
971 			ntevs = 0;
972 		}
973 	}
974 
975 	debuginfo__delete(dinfo);
976 
977 	if (ntevs == 0)	{	/* No error but failed to find probe point. */
978 		char *probe_point = synthesize_perf_probe_point(&pev->point);
979 		pr_warning("Probe point '%s' not found.\n", probe_point);
980 		free(probe_point);
981 		return -ENODEV;
982 	} else if (ntevs < 0) {
983 		/* Error path : ntevs < 0 */
984 		pr_debug("An error occurred in debuginfo analysis (%d).\n", ntevs);
985 		if (ntevs == -EBADF)
986 			pr_warning("Warning: No dwarf info found in the vmlinux - "
987 				"please rebuild kernel with CONFIG_DEBUG_INFO=y.\n");
988 		if (!need_dwarf) {
989 			pr_debug("Trying to use symbols.\n");
990 			return 0;
991 		}
992 	}
993 	return ntevs;
994 }
995 
996 #define LINEBUF_SIZE 256
997 #define NR_ADDITIONAL_LINES 2
998 
999 static int __show_one_line(FILE *fp, int l, bool skip, bool show_num)
1000 {
1001 	char buf[LINEBUF_SIZE], sbuf[STRERR_BUFSIZE];
1002 	const char *color = show_num ? "" : PERF_COLOR_BLUE;
1003 	const char *prefix = NULL;
1004 
1005 	do {
1006 		if (fgets(buf, LINEBUF_SIZE, fp) == NULL)
1007 			goto error;
1008 		if (skip)
1009 			continue;
1010 		if (!prefix) {
1011 			prefix = show_num ? "%7d  " : "         ";
1012 			color_fprintf(stdout, color, prefix, l);
1013 		}
1014 		color_fprintf(stdout, color, "%s", buf);
1015 
1016 	} while (strchr(buf, '\n') == NULL);
1017 
1018 	return 1;
1019 error:
1020 	if (ferror(fp)) {
1021 		pr_warning("File read error: %s\n",
1022 			   str_error_r(errno, sbuf, sizeof(sbuf)));
1023 		return -1;
1024 	}
1025 	return 0;
1026 }
1027 
1028 static int _show_one_line(FILE *fp, int l, bool skip, bool show_num)
1029 {
1030 	int rv = __show_one_line(fp, l, skip, show_num);
1031 	if (rv == 0) {
1032 		pr_warning("Source file is shorter than expected.\n");
1033 		rv = -1;
1034 	}
1035 	return rv;
1036 }
1037 
1038 #define show_one_line_with_num(f,l)	_show_one_line(f,l,false,true)
1039 #define show_one_line(f,l)		_show_one_line(f,l,false,false)
1040 #define skip_one_line(f,l)		_show_one_line(f,l,true,false)
1041 #define show_one_line_or_eof(f,l)	__show_one_line(f,l,false,false)
1042 
1043 /*
1044  * Show line-range always requires debuginfo to find source file and
1045  * line number.
1046  */
1047 static int __show_line_range(struct line_range *lr, const char *module,
1048 			     bool user)
1049 {
1050 	struct build_id bid;
1051 	int l = 1;
1052 	struct int_node *ln;
1053 	struct debuginfo *dinfo;
1054 	FILE *fp;
1055 	int ret;
1056 	char *tmp;
1057 	char sbuf[STRERR_BUFSIZE];
1058 	char sbuild_id[SBUILD_ID_SIZE] = "";
1059 
1060 	/* Search a line range */
1061 	dinfo = open_debuginfo(module, NULL, false);
1062 	if (!dinfo)
1063 		return -ENOENT;
1064 
1065 	ret = debuginfo__find_line_range(dinfo, lr);
1066 	if (!ret) {	/* Not found, retry with an alternative */
1067 		ret = get_alternative_line_range(dinfo, lr, module, user);
1068 		if (!ret)
1069 			ret = debuginfo__find_line_range(dinfo, lr);
1070 	}
1071 	if (dinfo->build_id) {
1072 		build_id__init(&bid, dinfo->build_id, BUILD_ID_SIZE);
1073 		build_id__sprintf(&bid, sbuild_id);
1074 	}
1075 	debuginfo__delete(dinfo);
1076 	if (ret == 0 || ret == -ENOENT) {
1077 		pr_warning("Specified source line is not found.\n");
1078 		return -ENOENT;
1079 	} else if (ret < 0) {
1080 		pr_warning("Debuginfo analysis failed.\n");
1081 		return ret;
1082 	}
1083 
1084 	/* Convert source file path */
1085 	tmp = lr->path;
1086 	ret = find_source_path(tmp, sbuild_id, lr->comp_dir, &lr->path);
1087 
1088 	/* Free old path when new path is assigned */
1089 	if (tmp != lr->path)
1090 		free(tmp);
1091 
1092 	if (ret < 0) {
1093 		pr_warning("Failed to find source file path.\n");
1094 		return ret;
1095 	}
1096 
1097 	setup_pager();
1098 
1099 	if (lr->function)
1100 		fprintf(stdout, "<%s@%s:%d>\n", lr->function, lr->path,
1101 			lr->start - lr->offset);
1102 	else
1103 		fprintf(stdout, "<%s:%d>\n", lr->path, lr->start);
1104 
1105 	fp = fopen(lr->path, "r");
1106 	if (fp == NULL) {
1107 		pr_warning("Failed to open %s: %s\n", lr->path,
1108 			   str_error_r(errno, sbuf, sizeof(sbuf)));
1109 		return -errno;
1110 	}
1111 	/* Skip to starting line number */
1112 	while (l < lr->start) {
1113 		ret = skip_one_line(fp, l++);
1114 		if (ret < 0)
1115 			goto end;
1116 	}
1117 
1118 	intlist__for_each_entry(ln, lr->line_list) {
1119 		for (; ln->i > (unsigned long)l; l++) {
1120 			ret = show_one_line(fp, l - lr->offset);
1121 			if (ret < 0)
1122 				goto end;
1123 		}
1124 		ret = show_one_line_with_num(fp, l++ - lr->offset);
1125 		if (ret < 0)
1126 			goto end;
1127 	}
1128 
1129 	if (lr->end == INT_MAX)
1130 		lr->end = l + NR_ADDITIONAL_LINES;
1131 	while (l <= lr->end) {
1132 		ret = show_one_line_or_eof(fp, l++ - lr->offset);
1133 		if (ret <= 0)
1134 			break;
1135 	}
1136 end:
1137 	fclose(fp);
1138 	return ret;
1139 }
1140 
1141 int show_line_range(struct line_range *lr, const char *module,
1142 		    struct nsinfo *nsi, bool user)
1143 {
1144 	int ret;
1145 	struct nscookie nsc;
1146 
1147 	ret = init_probe_symbol_maps(user);
1148 	if (ret < 0)
1149 		return ret;
1150 	nsinfo__mountns_enter(nsi, &nsc);
1151 	ret = __show_line_range(lr, module, user);
1152 	nsinfo__mountns_exit(&nsc);
1153 	exit_probe_symbol_maps();
1154 
1155 	return ret;
1156 }
1157 
1158 static int show_available_vars_at(struct debuginfo *dinfo,
1159 				  struct perf_probe_event *pev,
1160 				  struct strfilter *_filter)
1161 {
1162 	char *buf;
1163 	int ret, i, nvars;
1164 	struct str_node *node;
1165 	struct variable_list *vls = NULL, *vl;
1166 	struct perf_probe_point tmp;
1167 	const char *var;
1168 
1169 	buf = synthesize_perf_probe_point(&pev->point);
1170 	if (!buf)
1171 		return -EINVAL;
1172 	pr_debug("Searching variables at %s\n", buf);
1173 
1174 	ret = debuginfo__find_available_vars_at(dinfo, pev, &vls);
1175 	if (!ret) {  /* Not found, retry with an alternative */
1176 		ret = get_alternative_probe_event(dinfo, pev, &tmp);
1177 		if (!ret) {
1178 			ret = debuginfo__find_available_vars_at(dinfo, pev,
1179 								&vls);
1180 			/* Release the old probe_point */
1181 			clear_perf_probe_point(&tmp);
1182 		}
1183 	}
1184 	if (ret <= 0) {
1185 		if (ret == 0 || ret == -ENOENT) {
1186 			pr_err("Failed to find the address of %s\n", buf);
1187 			ret = -ENOENT;
1188 		} else
1189 			pr_warning("Debuginfo analysis failed.\n");
1190 		goto end;
1191 	}
1192 
1193 	/* Some variables are found */
1194 	fprintf(stdout, "Available variables at %s\n", buf);
1195 	for (i = 0; i < ret; i++) {
1196 		vl = &vls[i];
1197 		/*
1198 		 * A probe point might be converted to
1199 		 * several trace points.
1200 		 */
1201 		fprintf(stdout, "\t@<%s+%lu>\n", vl->point.symbol,
1202 			vl->point.offset);
1203 		zfree(&vl->point.symbol);
1204 		nvars = 0;
1205 		if (vl->vars) {
1206 			strlist__for_each_entry(node, vl->vars) {
1207 				var = strchr(node->s, '\t') + 1;
1208 				if (strfilter__compare(_filter, var)) {
1209 					fprintf(stdout, "\t\t%s\n", node->s);
1210 					nvars++;
1211 				}
1212 			}
1213 			strlist__delete(vl->vars);
1214 		}
1215 		if (nvars == 0)
1216 			fprintf(stdout, "\t\t(No matched variables)\n");
1217 	}
1218 	free(vls);
1219 end:
1220 	free(buf);
1221 	return ret;
1222 }
1223 
1224 /* Show available variables on given probe point */
1225 int show_available_vars(struct perf_probe_event *pevs, int npevs,
1226 			struct strfilter *_filter)
1227 {
1228 	int i, ret = 0;
1229 	struct debuginfo *dinfo;
1230 
1231 	ret = init_probe_symbol_maps(pevs->uprobes);
1232 	if (ret < 0)
1233 		return ret;
1234 
1235 	dinfo = open_debuginfo(pevs->target, pevs->nsi, false);
1236 	if (!dinfo) {
1237 		ret = -ENOENT;
1238 		goto out;
1239 	}
1240 
1241 	setup_pager();
1242 
1243 	for (i = 0; i < npevs && ret >= 0; i++)
1244 		ret = show_available_vars_at(dinfo, &pevs[i], _filter);
1245 
1246 	debuginfo__delete(dinfo);
1247 out:
1248 	exit_probe_symbol_maps();
1249 	return ret;
1250 }
1251 
1252 #else	/* !HAVE_DWARF_SUPPORT */
1253 
1254 static void debuginfo_cache__exit(void)
1255 {
1256 }
1257 
1258 static int
1259 find_perf_probe_point_from_dwarf(struct probe_trace_point *tp __maybe_unused,
1260 				 struct perf_probe_point *pp __maybe_unused,
1261 				 bool is_kprobe __maybe_unused)
1262 {
1263 	return -ENOSYS;
1264 }
1265 
1266 static int try_to_find_probe_trace_events(struct perf_probe_event *pev,
1267 				struct probe_trace_event **tevs __maybe_unused)
1268 {
1269 	if (perf_probe_event_need_dwarf(pev)) {
1270 		pr_warning("Debuginfo-analysis is not supported.\n");
1271 		return -ENOSYS;
1272 	}
1273 
1274 	return 0;
1275 }
1276 
1277 int show_line_range(struct line_range *lr __maybe_unused,
1278 		    const char *module __maybe_unused,
1279 		    struct nsinfo *nsi __maybe_unused,
1280 		    bool user __maybe_unused)
1281 {
1282 	pr_warning("Debuginfo-analysis is not supported.\n");
1283 	return -ENOSYS;
1284 }
1285 
1286 int show_available_vars(struct perf_probe_event *pevs __maybe_unused,
1287 			int npevs __maybe_unused,
1288 			struct strfilter *filter __maybe_unused)
1289 {
1290 	pr_warning("Debuginfo-analysis is not supported.\n");
1291 	return -ENOSYS;
1292 }
1293 #endif
1294 
1295 void line_range__clear(struct line_range *lr)
1296 {
1297 	zfree(&lr->function);
1298 	zfree(&lr->file);
1299 	zfree(&lr->path);
1300 	zfree(&lr->comp_dir);
1301 	intlist__delete(lr->line_list);
1302 }
1303 
1304 int line_range__init(struct line_range *lr)
1305 {
1306 	memset(lr, 0, sizeof(*lr));
1307 	lr->line_list = intlist__new(NULL);
1308 	if (!lr->line_list)
1309 		return -ENOMEM;
1310 	else
1311 		return 0;
1312 }
1313 
1314 static int parse_line_num(char **ptr, int *val, const char *what)
1315 {
1316 	const char *start = *ptr;
1317 
1318 	errno = 0;
1319 	*val = strtol(*ptr, ptr, 0);
1320 	if (errno || *ptr == start) {
1321 		semantic_error("'%s' is not a valid number.\n", what);
1322 		return -EINVAL;
1323 	}
1324 	return 0;
1325 }
1326 
1327 /* Check the name is good for event, group or function */
1328 static bool is_c_func_name(const char *name)
1329 {
1330 	if (!isalpha(*name) && *name != '_')
1331 		return false;
1332 	while (*++name != '\0') {
1333 		if (!isalpha(*name) && !isdigit(*name) && *name != '_')
1334 			return false;
1335 	}
1336 	return true;
1337 }
1338 
1339 /*
1340  * Stuff 'lr' according to the line range described by 'arg'.
1341  * The line range syntax is described by:
1342  *
1343  *         SRC[:SLN[+NUM|-ELN]]
1344  *         FNC[@SRC][:SLN[+NUM|-ELN]]
1345  */
1346 int parse_line_range_desc(const char *arg, struct line_range *lr)
1347 {
1348 	char *range, *file, *name = strdup(arg);
1349 	int err;
1350 
1351 	if (!name)
1352 		return -ENOMEM;
1353 
1354 	lr->start = 0;
1355 	lr->end = INT_MAX;
1356 
1357 	range = strchr(name, ':');
1358 	if (range) {
1359 		*range++ = '\0';
1360 
1361 		err = parse_line_num(&range, &lr->start, "start line");
1362 		if (err)
1363 			goto err;
1364 
1365 		if (*range == '+' || *range == '-') {
1366 			const char c = *range++;
1367 
1368 			err = parse_line_num(&range, &lr->end, "end line");
1369 			if (err)
1370 				goto err;
1371 
1372 			if (c == '+') {
1373 				lr->end += lr->start;
1374 				/*
1375 				 * Adjust the number of lines here.
1376 				 * If the number of lines == 1, the
1377 				 * end of line should be equal to
1378 				 * the start of line.
1379 				 */
1380 				lr->end--;
1381 			}
1382 		}
1383 
1384 		pr_debug("Line range is %d to %d\n", lr->start, lr->end);
1385 
1386 		err = -EINVAL;
1387 		if (lr->start > lr->end) {
1388 			semantic_error("Start line must be smaller"
1389 				       " than end line.\n");
1390 			goto err;
1391 		}
1392 		if (*range != '\0') {
1393 			semantic_error("Tailing with invalid str '%s'.\n", range);
1394 			goto err;
1395 		}
1396 	}
1397 
1398 	file = strchr(name, '@');
1399 	if (file) {
1400 		*file = '\0';
1401 		lr->file = strdup(++file);
1402 		if (lr->file == NULL) {
1403 			err = -ENOMEM;
1404 			goto err;
1405 		}
1406 		lr->function = name;
1407 	} else if (strchr(name, '/') || strchr(name, '.'))
1408 		lr->file = name;
1409 	else if (is_c_func_name(name))/* We reuse it for checking funcname */
1410 		lr->function = name;
1411 	else {	/* Invalid name */
1412 		semantic_error("'%s' is not a valid function name.\n", name);
1413 		err = -EINVAL;
1414 		goto err;
1415 	}
1416 
1417 	return 0;
1418 err:
1419 	free(name);
1420 	return err;
1421 }
1422 
1423 static int parse_perf_probe_event_name(char **arg, struct perf_probe_event *pev)
1424 {
1425 	char *ptr;
1426 
1427 	ptr = strpbrk_esc(*arg, ":");
1428 	if (ptr) {
1429 		*ptr = '\0';
1430 		if (!pev->sdt && !is_c_func_name(*arg))
1431 			goto ng_name;
1432 		pev->group = strdup_esc(*arg);
1433 		if (!pev->group)
1434 			return -ENOMEM;
1435 		*arg = ptr + 1;
1436 	} else
1437 		pev->group = NULL;
1438 
1439 	pev->event = strdup_esc(*arg);
1440 	if (pev->event == NULL)
1441 		return -ENOMEM;
1442 
1443 	if (!pev->sdt && !is_c_func_name(pev->event)) {
1444 		zfree(&pev->event);
1445 ng_name:
1446 		zfree(&pev->group);
1447 		semantic_error("%s is bad for event name -it must "
1448 			       "follow C symbol-naming rule.\n", *arg);
1449 		return -EINVAL;
1450 	}
1451 	return 0;
1452 }
1453 
1454 /* Parse probepoint definition. */
1455 static int parse_perf_probe_point(char *arg, struct perf_probe_event *pev)
1456 {
1457 	struct perf_probe_point *pp = &pev->point;
1458 	char *ptr, *tmp;
1459 	char c, nc = 0;
1460 	bool file_spec = false;
1461 	int ret;
1462 
1463 	/*
1464 	 * <Syntax>
1465 	 * perf probe [GRP:][EVENT=]SRC[:LN|;PTN]
1466 	 * perf probe [GRP:][EVENT=]FUNC[@SRC][+OFFS|%return|:LN|;PAT]
1467 	 * perf probe %[GRP:]SDT_EVENT
1468 	 */
1469 	if (!arg)
1470 		return -EINVAL;
1471 
1472 	if (is_sdt_event(arg)) {
1473 		pev->sdt = true;
1474 		if (arg[0] == '%')
1475 			arg++;
1476 	}
1477 
1478 	ptr = strpbrk_esc(arg, ";=@+%");
1479 	if (pev->sdt) {
1480 		if (ptr) {
1481 			if (*ptr != '@') {
1482 				semantic_error("%s must be an SDT name.\n",
1483 					       arg);
1484 				return -EINVAL;
1485 			}
1486 			/* This must be a target file name or build id */
1487 			tmp = build_id_cache__complement(ptr + 1);
1488 			if (tmp) {
1489 				pev->target = build_id_cache__origname(tmp);
1490 				free(tmp);
1491 			} else
1492 				pev->target = strdup_esc(ptr + 1);
1493 			if (!pev->target)
1494 				return -ENOMEM;
1495 			*ptr = '\0';
1496 		}
1497 		ret = parse_perf_probe_event_name(&arg, pev);
1498 		if (ret == 0) {
1499 			if (asprintf(&pev->point.function, "%%%s", pev->event) < 0)
1500 				ret = -errno;
1501 		}
1502 		return ret;
1503 	}
1504 
1505 	if (ptr && *ptr == '=') {	/* Event name */
1506 		*ptr = '\0';
1507 		tmp = ptr + 1;
1508 		ret = parse_perf_probe_event_name(&arg, pev);
1509 		if (ret < 0)
1510 			return ret;
1511 
1512 		arg = tmp;
1513 	}
1514 
1515 	/*
1516 	 * Check arg is function or file name and copy it.
1517 	 *
1518 	 * We consider arg to be a file spec if and only if it satisfies
1519 	 * all of the below criteria::
1520 	 * - it does not include any of "+@%",
1521 	 * - it includes one of ":;", and
1522 	 * - it has a period '.' in the name.
1523 	 *
1524 	 * Otherwise, we consider arg to be a function specification.
1525 	 */
1526 	if (!strpbrk_esc(arg, "+@%")) {
1527 		ptr = strpbrk_esc(arg, ";:");
1528 		/* This is a file spec if it includes a '.' before ; or : */
1529 		if (ptr && memchr(arg, '.', ptr - arg))
1530 			file_spec = true;
1531 	}
1532 
1533 	ptr = strpbrk_esc(arg, ";:+@%");
1534 	if (ptr) {
1535 		nc = *ptr;
1536 		*ptr++ = '\0';
1537 	}
1538 
1539 	if (arg[0] == '\0')
1540 		tmp = NULL;
1541 	else {
1542 		tmp = strdup_esc(arg);
1543 		if (tmp == NULL)
1544 			return -ENOMEM;
1545 	}
1546 
1547 	if (file_spec)
1548 		pp->file = tmp;
1549 	else {
1550 		pp->function = tmp;
1551 
1552 		/*
1553 		 * Keep pp->function even if this is absolute address,
1554 		 * so it can mark whether abs_address is valid.
1555 		 * Which make 'perf probe lib.bin 0x0' possible.
1556 		 *
1557 		 * Note that checking length of tmp is not needed
1558 		 * because when we access tmp[1] we know tmp[0] is '0',
1559 		 * so tmp[1] should always valid (but could be '\0').
1560 		 */
1561 		if (tmp && !strncmp(tmp, "0x", 2)) {
1562 			pp->abs_address = strtoull(pp->function, &tmp, 0);
1563 			if (*tmp != '\0') {
1564 				semantic_error("Invalid absolute address.\n");
1565 				return -EINVAL;
1566 			}
1567 		}
1568 	}
1569 
1570 	/* Parse other options */
1571 	while (ptr) {
1572 		arg = ptr;
1573 		c = nc;
1574 		if (c == ';') {	/* Lazy pattern must be the last part */
1575 			pp->lazy_line = strdup(arg); /* let leave escapes */
1576 			if (pp->lazy_line == NULL)
1577 				return -ENOMEM;
1578 			break;
1579 		}
1580 		ptr = strpbrk_esc(arg, ";:+@%");
1581 		if (ptr) {
1582 			nc = *ptr;
1583 			*ptr++ = '\0';
1584 		}
1585 		switch (c) {
1586 		case ':':	/* Line number */
1587 			pp->line = strtoul(arg, &tmp, 0);
1588 			if (*tmp != '\0') {
1589 				semantic_error("There is non-digit char"
1590 					       " in line number.\n");
1591 				return -EINVAL;
1592 			}
1593 			break;
1594 		case '+':	/* Byte offset from a symbol */
1595 			pp->offset = strtoul(arg, &tmp, 0);
1596 			if (*tmp != '\0') {
1597 				semantic_error("There is non-digit character"
1598 						" in offset.\n");
1599 				return -EINVAL;
1600 			}
1601 			break;
1602 		case '@':	/* File name */
1603 			if (pp->file) {
1604 				semantic_error("SRC@SRC is not allowed.\n");
1605 				return -EINVAL;
1606 			}
1607 			pp->file = strdup_esc(arg);
1608 			if (pp->file == NULL)
1609 				return -ENOMEM;
1610 			break;
1611 		case '%':	/* Probe places */
1612 			if (strcmp(arg, "return") == 0) {
1613 				pp->retprobe = 1;
1614 			} else {	/* Others not supported yet */
1615 				semantic_error("%%%s is not supported.\n", arg);
1616 				return -ENOTSUP;
1617 			}
1618 			break;
1619 		default:	/* Buggy case */
1620 			pr_err("This program has a bug at %s:%d.\n",
1621 				__FILE__, __LINE__);
1622 			return -ENOTSUP;
1623 			break;
1624 		}
1625 	}
1626 
1627 	/* Exclusion check */
1628 	if (pp->lazy_line && pp->line) {
1629 		semantic_error("Lazy pattern can't be used with"
1630 			       " line number.\n");
1631 		return -EINVAL;
1632 	}
1633 
1634 	if (pp->lazy_line && pp->offset) {
1635 		semantic_error("Lazy pattern can't be used with offset.\n");
1636 		return -EINVAL;
1637 	}
1638 
1639 	if (pp->line && pp->offset) {
1640 		semantic_error("Offset can't be used with line number.\n");
1641 		return -EINVAL;
1642 	}
1643 
1644 	if (!pp->line && !pp->lazy_line && pp->file && !pp->function) {
1645 		semantic_error("File always requires line number or "
1646 			       "lazy pattern.\n");
1647 		return -EINVAL;
1648 	}
1649 
1650 	if (pp->offset && !pp->function) {
1651 		semantic_error("Offset requires an entry function.\n");
1652 		return -EINVAL;
1653 	}
1654 
1655 	if ((pp->offset || pp->line || pp->lazy_line) && pp->retprobe) {
1656 		semantic_error("Offset/Line/Lazy pattern can't be used with "
1657 			       "return probe.\n");
1658 		return -EINVAL;
1659 	}
1660 
1661 	pr_debug("symbol:%s file:%s line:%d offset:%lu return:%d lazy:%s\n",
1662 		 pp->function, pp->file, pp->line, pp->offset, pp->retprobe,
1663 		 pp->lazy_line);
1664 	return 0;
1665 }
1666 
1667 /* Parse perf-probe event argument */
1668 static int parse_perf_probe_arg(char *str, struct perf_probe_arg *arg)
1669 {
1670 	char *tmp, *goodname;
1671 	struct perf_probe_arg_field **fieldp;
1672 
1673 	pr_debug("parsing arg: %s into ", str);
1674 
1675 	tmp = strchr(str, '=');
1676 	if (tmp) {
1677 		arg->name = strndup(str, tmp - str);
1678 		if (arg->name == NULL)
1679 			return -ENOMEM;
1680 		pr_debug("name:%s ", arg->name);
1681 		str = tmp + 1;
1682 	}
1683 
1684 	tmp = strchr(str, '@');
1685 	if (tmp && tmp != str && !strcmp(tmp + 1, "user")) { /* user attr */
1686 		if (!user_access_is_supported()) {
1687 			semantic_error("ftrace does not support user access\n");
1688 			return -EINVAL;
1689 		}
1690 		*tmp = '\0';
1691 		arg->user_access = true;
1692 		pr_debug("user_access ");
1693 	}
1694 
1695 	tmp = strchr(str, ':');
1696 	if (tmp) {	/* Type setting */
1697 		*tmp = '\0';
1698 		arg->type = strdup(tmp + 1);
1699 		if (arg->type == NULL)
1700 			return -ENOMEM;
1701 		pr_debug("type:%s ", arg->type);
1702 	}
1703 
1704 	tmp = strpbrk(str, "-.[");
1705 	if (!is_c_varname(str) || !tmp) {
1706 		/* A variable, register, symbol or special value */
1707 		arg->var = strdup(str);
1708 		if (arg->var == NULL)
1709 			return -ENOMEM;
1710 		pr_debug("%s\n", arg->var);
1711 		return 0;
1712 	}
1713 
1714 	/* Structure fields or array element */
1715 	arg->var = strndup(str, tmp - str);
1716 	if (arg->var == NULL)
1717 		return -ENOMEM;
1718 	goodname = arg->var;
1719 	pr_debug("%s, ", arg->var);
1720 	fieldp = &arg->field;
1721 
1722 	do {
1723 		*fieldp = zalloc(sizeof(struct perf_probe_arg_field));
1724 		if (*fieldp == NULL)
1725 			return -ENOMEM;
1726 		if (*tmp == '[') {	/* Array */
1727 			str = tmp;
1728 			(*fieldp)->index = strtol(str + 1, &tmp, 0);
1729 			(*fieldp)->ref = true;
1730 			if (*tmp != ']' || tmp == str + 1) {
1731 				semantic_error("Array index must be a"
1732 						" number.\n");
1733 				return -EINVAL;
1734 			}
1735 			tmp++;
1736 			if (*tmp == '\0')
1737 				tmp = NULL;
1738 		} else {		/* Structure */
1739 			if (*tmp == '.') {
1740 				str = tmp + 1;
1741 				(*fieldp)->ref = false;
1742 			} else if (tmp[1] == '>') {
1743 				str = tmp + 2;
1744 				(*fieldp)->ref = true;
1745 			} else {
1746 				semantic_error("Argument parse error: %s\n",
1747 					       str);
1748 				return -EINVAL;
1749 			}
1750 			tmp = strpbrk(str, "-.[");
1751 		}
1752 		if (tmp) {
1753 			(*fieldp)->name = strndup(str, tmp - str);
1754 			if ((*fieldp)->name == NULL)
1755 				return -ENOMEM;
1756 			if (*str != '[')
1757 				goodname = (*fieldp)->name;
1758 			pr_debug("%s(%d), ", (*fieldp)->name, (*fieldp)->ref);
1759 			fieldp = &(*fieldp)->next;
1760 		}
1761 	} while (tmp);
1762 	(*fieldp)->name = strdup(str);
1763 	if ((*fieldp)->name == NULL)
1764 		return -ENOMEM;
1765 	if (*str != '[')
1766 		goodname = (*fieldp)->name;
1767 	pr_debug("%s(%d)\n", (*fieldp)->name, (*fieldp)->ref);
1768 
1769 	/* If no name is specified, set the last field name (not array index)*/
1770 	if (!arg->name) {
1771 		arg->name = strdup(goodname);
1772 		if (arg->name == NULL)
1773 			return -ENOMEM;
1774 	}
1775 	return 0;
1776 }
1777 
1778 /* Parse perf-probe event command */
1779 int parse_perf_probe_command(const char *cmd, struct perf_probe_event *pev)
1780 {
1781 	char **argv;
1782 	int argc, i, ret = 0;
1783 
1784 	argv = argv_split(cmd, &argc);
1785 	if (!argv) {
1786 		pr_debug("Failed to split arguments.\n");
1787 		return -ENOMEM;
1788 	}
1789 	if (argc - 1 > MAX_PROBE_ARGS) {
1790 		semantic_error("Too many probe arguments (%d).\n", argc - 1);
1791 		ret = -ERANGE;
1792 		goto out;
1793 	}
1794 	/* Parse probe point */
1795 	ret = parse_perf_probe_point(argv[0], pev);
1796 	if (ret < 0)
1797 		goto out;
1798 
1799 	/* Generate event name if needed */
1800 	if (!pev->event && pev->point.function && pev->point.line
1801 			&& !pev->point.lazy_line && !pev->point.offset) {
1802 		if (asprintf(&pev->event, "%s_L%d", pev->point.function,
1803 			pev->point.line) < 0) {
1804 			ret = -ENOMEM;
1805 			goto out;
1806 		}
1807 	}
1808 
1809 	/* Copy arguments and ensure return probe has no C argument */
1810 	pev->nargs = argc - 1;
1811 	pev->args = zalloc(sizeof(struct perf_probe_arg) * pev->nargs);
1812 	if (pev->args == NULL) {
1813 		ret = -ENOMEM;
1814 		goto out;
1815 	}
1816 	for (i = 0; i < pev->nargs && ret >= 0; i++) {
1817 		ret = parse_perf_probe_arg(argv[i + 1], &pev->args[i]);
1818 		if (ret >= 0 &&
1819 		    is_c_varname(pev->args[i].var) && pev->point.retprobe) {
1820 			semantic_error("You can't specify local variable for"
1821 				       " kretprobe.\n");
1822 			ret = -EINVAL;
1823 		}
1824 	}
1825 out:
1826 	argv_free(argv);
1827 
1828 	return ret;
1829 }
1830 
1831 /* Returns true if *any* ARG is either C variable, $params or $vars. */
1832 bool perf_probe_with_var(struct perf_probe_event *pev)
1833 {
1834 	int i = 0;
1835 
1836 	for (i = 0; i < pev->nargs; i++)
1837 		if (is_c_varname(pev->args[i].var)              ||
1838 		    !strcmp(pev->args[i].var, PROBE_ARG_PARAMS) ||
1839 		    !strcmp(pev->args[i].var, PROBE_ARG_VARS))
1840 			return true;
1841 	return false;
1842 }
1843 
1844 /* Return true if this perf_probe_event requires debuginfo */
1845 bool perf_probe_event_need_dwarf(struct perf_probe_event *pev)
1846 {
1847 	if (pev->point.file || pev->point.line || pev->point.lazy_line)
1848 		return true;
1849 
1850 	if (perf_probe_with_var(pev))
1851 		return true;
1852 
1853 	return false;
1854 }
1855 
1856 /* Parse probe_events event into struct probe_point */
1857 int parse_probe_trace_command(const char *cmd, struct probe_trace_event *tev)
1858 {
1859 	struct probe_trace_point *tp = &tev->point;
1860 	char pr;
1861 	char *p;
1862 	char *argv0_str = NULL, *fmt, *fmt1_str, *fmt2_str, *fmt3_str;
1863 	int ret, i, argc;
1864 	char **argv;
1865 
1866 	pr_debug("Parsing probe_events: %s\n", cmd);
1867 	argv = argv_split(cmd, &argc);
1868 	if (!argv) {
1869 		pr_debug("Failed to split arguments.\n");
1870 		return -ENOMEM;
1871 	}
1872 	if (argc < 2) {
1873 		semantic_error("Too few probe arguments.\n");
1874 		ret = -ERANGE;
1875 		goto out;
1876 	}
1877 
1878 	/* Scan event and group name. */
1879 	argv0_str = strdup(argv[0]);
1880 	if (argv0_str == NULL) {
1881 		ret = -ENOMEM;
1882 		goto out;
1883 	}
1884 	fmt1_str = strtok_r(argv0_str, ":", &fmt);
1885 	fmt2_str = strtok_r(NULL, "/", &fmt);
1886 	fmt3_str = strtok_r(NULL, " \t", &fmt);
1887 	if (fmt1_str == NULL || fmt2_str == NULL || fmt3_str == NULL) {
1888 		semantic_error("Failed to parse event name: %s\n", argv[0]);
1889 		ret = -EINVAL;
1890 		goto out;
1891 	}
1892 	pr = fmt1_str[0];
1893 	tev->group = strdup(fmt2_str);
1894 	tev->event = strdup(fmt3_str);
1895 	if (tev->group == NULL || tev->event == NULL) {
1896 		ret = -ENOMEM;
1897 		goto out;
1898 	}
1899 	pr_debug("Group:%s Event:%s probe:%c\n", tev->group, tev->event, pr);
1900 
1901 	tp->retprobe = (pr == 'r');
1902 
1903 	/* Scan module name(if there), function name and offset */
1904 	p = strchr(argv[1], ':');
1905 	if (p) {
1906 		tp->module = strndup(argv[1], p - argv[1]);
1907 		if (!tp->module) {
1908 			ret = -ENOMEM;
1909 			goto out;
1910 		}
1911 		tev->uprobes = (tp->module[0] == '/');
1912 		p++;
1913 	} else
1914 		p = argv[1];
1915 	fmt1_str = strtok_r(p, "+", &fmt);
1916 	/* only the address started with 0x */
1917 	if (fmt1_str[0] == '0')	{
1918 		/*
1919 		 * Fix a special case:
1920 		 * if address == 0, kernel reports something like:
1921 		 * p:probe_libc/abs_0 /lib/libc-2.18.so:0x          (null) arg1=%ax
1922 		 * Newer kernel may fix that, but we want to
1923 		 * support old kernel also.
1924 		 */
1925 		if (strcmp(fmt1_str, "0x") == 0) {
1926 			if (!argv[2] || strcmp(argv[2], "(null)")) {
1927 				ret = -EINVAL;
1928 				goto out;
1929 			}
1930 			tp->address = 0;
1931 
1932 			free(argv[2]);
1933 			for (i = 2; argv[i + 1] != NULL; i++)
1934 				argv[i] = argv[i + 1];
1935 
1936 			argv[i] = NULL;
1937 			argc -= 1;
1938 		} else
1939 			tp->address = strtoull(fmt1_str, NULL, 0);
1940 	} else {
1941 		/* Only the symbol-based probe has offset */
1942 		tp->symbol = strdup(fmt1_str);
1943 		if (tp->symbol == NULL) {
1944 			ret = -ENOMEM;
1945 			goto out;
1946 		}
1947 		fmt2_str = strtok_r(NULL, "", &fmt);
1948 		if (fmt2_str == NULL)
1949 			tp->offset = 0;
1950 		else
1951 			tp->offset = strtoul(fmt2_str, NULL, 10);
1952 	}
1953 
1954 	if (tev->uprobes) {
1955 		fmt2_str = strchr(p, '(');
1956 		if (fmt2_str)
1957 			tp->ref_ctr_offset = strtoul(fmt2_str + 1, NULL, 0);
1958 	}
1959 
1960 	tev->nargs = argc - 2;
1961 	tev->args = zalloc(sizeof(struct probe_trace_arg) * tev->nargs);
1962 	if (tev->args == NULL) {
1963 		ret = -ENOMEM;
1964 		goto out;
1965 	}
1966 	for (i = 0; i < tev->nargs; i++) {
1967 		p = strchr(argv[i + 2], '=');
1968 		if (p)	/* We don't need which register is assigned. */
1969 			*p++ = '\0';
1970 		else
1971 			p = argv[i + 2];
1972 		tev->args[i].name = strdup(argv[i + 2]);
1973 		/* TODO: parse regs and offset */
1974 		tev->args[i].value = strdup(p);
1975 		if (tev->args[i].name == NULL || tev->args[i].value == NULL) {
1976 			ret = -ENOMEM;
1977 			goto out;
1978 		}
1979 	}
1980 	ret = 0;
1981 out:
1982 	free(argv0_str);
1983 	argv_free(argv);
1984 	return ret;
1985 }
1986 
1987 /* Compose only probe arg */
1988 char *synthesize_perf_probe_arg(struct perf_probe_arg *pa)
1989 {
1990 	struct perf_probe_arg_field *field = pa->field;
1991 	struct strbuf buf;
1992 	char *ret = NULL;
1993 	int err;
1994 
1995 	if (strbuf_init(&buf, 64) < 0)
1996 		return NULL;
1997 
1998 	if (pa->name && pa->var)
1999 		err = strbuf_addf(&buf, "%s=%s", pa->name, pa->var);
2000 	else
2001 		err = strbuf_addstr(&buf, pa->name ?: pa->var);
2002 	if (err)
2003 		goto out;
2004 
2005 	while (field) {
2006 		if (field->name[0] == '[')
2007 			err = strbuf_addstr(&buf, field->name);
2008 		else
2009 			err = strbuf_addf(&buf, "%s%s", field->ref ? "->" : ".",
2010 					  field->name);
2011 		field = field->next;
2012 		if (err)
2013 			goto out;
2014 	}
2015 
2016 	if (pa->type)
2017 		if (strbuf_addf(&buf, ":%s", pa->type) < 0)
2018 			goto out;
2019 
2020 	ret = strbuf_detach(&buf, NULL);
2021 out:
2022 	strbuf_release(&buf);
2023 	return ret;
2024 }
2025 
2026 /* Compose only probe point (not argument) */
2027 static char *synthesize_perf_probe_point(struct perf_probe_point *pp)
2028 {
2029 	struct strbuf buf;
2030 	char *tmp, *ret = NULL;
2031 	int len, err = 0;
2032 
2033 	if (strbuf_init(&buf, 64) < 0)
2034 		return NULL;
2035 
2036 	if (pp->function) {
2037 		if (strbuf_addstr(&buf, pp->function) < 0)
2038 			goto out;
2039 		if (pp->offset)
2040 			err = strbuf_addf(&buf, "+%lu", pp->offset);
2041 		else if (pp->line)
2042 			err = strbuf_addf(&buf, ":%d", pp->line);
2043 		else if (pp->retprobe)
2044 			err = strbuf_addstr(&buf, "%return");
2045 		if (err)
2046 			goto out;
2047 	}
2048 	if (pp->file) {
2049 		tmp = pp->file;
2050 		len = strlen(tmp);
2051 		if (len > 30) {
2052 			tmp = strchr(pp->file + len - 30, '/');
2053 			tmp = tmp ? tmp + 1 : pp->file + len - 30;
2054 		}
2055 		err = strbuf_addf(&buf, "@%s", tmp);
2056 		if (!err && !pp->function && pp->line)
2057 			err = strbuf_addf(&buf, ":%d", pp->line);
2058 	}
2059 	if (!err)
2060 		ret = strbuf_detach(&buf, NULL);
2061 out:
2062 	strbuf_release(&buf);
2063 	return ret;
2064 }
2065 
2066 char *synthesize_perf_probe_command(struct perf_probe_event *pev)
2067 {
2068 	struct strbuf buf;
2069 	char *tmp, *ret = NULL;
2070 	int i;
2071 
2072 	if (strbuf_init(&buf, 64))
2073 		return NULL;
2074 	if (pev->event)
2075 		if (strbuf_addf(&buf, "%s:%s=", pev->group ?: PERFPROBE_GROUP,
2076 				pev->event) < 0)
2077 			goto out;
2078 
2079 	tmp = synthesize_perf_probe_point(&pev->point);
2080 	if (!tmp || strbuf_addstr(&buf, tmp) < 0) {
2081 		free(tmp);
2082 		goto out;
2083 	}
2084 	free(tmp);
2085 
2086 	for (i = 0; i < pev->nargs; i++) {
2087 		tmp = synthesize_perf_probe_arg(pev->args + i);
2088 		if (!tmp || strbuf_addf(&buf, " %s", tmp) < 0) {
2089 			free(tmp);
2090 			goto out;
2091 		}
2092 		free(tmp);
2093 	}
2094 
2095 	ret = strbuf_detach(&buf, NULL);
2096 out:
2097 	strbuf_release(&buf);
2098 	return ret;
2099 }
2100 
2101 static int __synthesize_probe_trace_arg_ref(struct probe_trace_arg_ref *ref,
2102 					    struct strbuf *buf, int depth)
2103 {
2104 	int err;
2105 	if (ref->next) {
2106 		depth = __synthesize_probe_trace_arg_ref(ref->next, buf,
2107 							 depth + 1);
2108 		if (depth < 0)
2109 			return depth;
2110 	}
2111 	if (ref->user_access)
2112 		err = strbuf_addf(buf, "%s%ld(", "+u", ref->offset);
2113 	else
2114 		err = strbuf_addf(buf, "%+ld(", ref->offset);
2115 	return (err < 0) ? err : depth;
2116 }
2117 
2118 static int synthesize_probe_trace_arg(struct probe_trace_arg *arg,
2119 				      struct strbuf *buf)
2120 {
2121 	struct probe_trace_arg_ref *ref = arg->ref;
2122 	int depth = 0, err;
2123 
2124 	/* Argument name or separator */
2125 	if (arg->name)
2126 		err = strbuf_addf(buf, " %s=", arg->name);
2127 	else
2128 		err = strbuf_addch(buf, ' ');
2129 	if (err)
2130 		return err;
2131 
2132 	/* Special case: @XXX */
2133 	if (arg->value[0] == '@' && arg->ref)
2134 			ref = ref->next;
2135 
2136 	/* Dereferencing arguments */
2137 	if (ref) {
2138 		depth = __synthesize_probe_trace_arg_ref(ref, buf, 1);
2139 		if (depth < 0)
2140 			return depth;
2141 	}
2142 
2143 	/* Print argument value */
2144 	if (arg->value[0] == '@' && arg->ref)
2145 		err = strbuf_addf(buf, "%s%+ld", arg->value, arg->ref->offset);
2146 	else
2147 		err = strbuf_addstr(buf, arg->value);
2148 
2149 	/* Closing */
2150 	while (!err && depth--)
2151 		err = strbuf_addch(buf, ')');
2152 
2153 	/* Print argument type */
2154 	if (!err && arg->type)
2155 		err = strbuf_addf(buf, ":%s", arg->type);
2156 
2157 	return err;
2158 }
2159 
2160 static int
2161 synthesize_probe_trace_args(struct probe_trace_event *tev, struct strbuf *buf)
2162 {
2163 	int i, ret = 0;
2164 
2165 	for (i = 0; i < tev->nargs && ret >= 0; i++)
2166 		ret = synthesize_probe_trace_arg(&tev->args[i], buf);
2167 
2168 	return ret;
2169 }
2170 
2171 static int
2172 synthesize_uprobe_trace_def(struct probe_trace_point *tp, struct strbuf *buf)
2173 {
2174 	int err;
2175 
2176 	/* Uprobes must have tp->module */
2177 	if (!tp->module)
2178 		return -EINVAL;
2179 	/*
2180 	 * If tp->address == 0, then this point must be a
2181 	 * absolute address uprobe.
2182 	 * try_to_find_absolute_address() should have made
2183 	 * tp->symbol to "0x0".
2184 	 */
2185 	if (!tp->address && (!tp->symbol || strcmp(tp->symbol, "0x0")))
2186 		return -EINVAL;
2187 
2188 	/* Use the tp->address for uprobes */
2189 	err = strbuf_addf(buf, "%s:0x%" PRIx64, tp->module, tp->address);
2190 
2191 	if (err >= 0 && tp->ref_ctr_offset) {
2192 		if (!uprobe_ref_ctr_is_supported())
2193 			return -EINVAL;
2194 		err = strbuf_addf(buf, "(0x%lx)", tp->ref_ctr_offset);
2195 	}
2196 	return err >= 0 ? 0 : err;
2197 }
2198 
2199 static int
2200 synthesize_kprobe_trace_def(struct probe_trace_point *tp, struct strbuf *buf)
2201 {
2202 	if (!strncmp(tp->symbol, "0x", 2)) {
2203 		/* Absolute address. See try_to_find_absolute_address() */
2204 		return strbuf_addf(buf, "%s%s0x%" PRIx64, tp->module ?: "",
2205 				  tp->module ? ":" : "", tp->address);
2206 	} else {
2207 		return strbuf_addf(buf, "%s%s%s+%lu", tp->module ?: "",
2208 				tp->module ? ":" : "", tp->symbol, tp->offset);
2209 	}
2210 }
2211 
2212 char *synthesize_probe_trace_command(struct probe_trace_event *tev)
2213 {
2214 	struct probe_trace_point *tp = &tev->point;
2215 	struct strbuf buf;
2216 	char *ret = NULL;
2217 	int err;
2218 
2219 	if (strbuf_init(&buf, 32) < 0)
2220 		return NULL;
2221 
2222 	if (strbuf_addf(&buf, "%c:%s/%s ", tp->retprobe ? 'r' : 'p',
2223 			tev->group, tev->event) < 0)
2224 		goto error;
2225 
2226 	if (tev->uprobes)
2227 		err = synthesize_uprobe_trace_def(tp, &buf);
2228 	else
2229 		err = synthesize_kprobe_trace_def(tp, &buf);
2230 
2231 	if (err >= 0)
2232 		err = synthesize_probe_trace_args(tev, &buf);
2233 
2234 	if (err >= 0)
2235 		ret = strbuf_detach(&buf, NULL);
2236 error:
2237 	strbuf_release(&buf);
2238 	return ret;
2239 }
2240 
2241 static int find_perf_probe_point_from_map(struct probe_trace_point *tp,
2242 					  struct perf_probe_point *pp,
2243 					  bool is_kprobe)
2244 {
2245 	struct symbol *sym = NULL;
2246 	struct map *map = NULL;
2247 	u64 addr = tp->address;
2248 	int ret = -ENOENT;
2249 
2250 	if (!is_kprobe) {
2251 		map = dso__new_map(tp->module);
2252 		if (!map)
2253 			goto out;
2254 		sym = map__find_symbol(map, addr);
2255 	} else {
2256 		if (tp->symbol && !addr) {
2257 			if (kernel_get_symbol_address_by_name(tp->symbol,
2258 						&addr, true, false) < 0)
2259 				goto out;
2260 		}
2261 		if (addr) {
2262 			addr += tp->offset;
2263 			sym = machine__find_kernel_symbol(host_machine, addr, &map);
2264 		}
2265 	}
2266 
2267 	if (!sym)
2268 		goto out;
2269 
2270 	pp->retprobe = tp->retprobe;
2271 	pp->offset = addr - map__unmap_ip(map, sym->start);
2272 	pp->function = strdup(sym->name);
2273 	ret = pp->function ? 0 : -ENOMEM;
2274 
2275 out:
2276 	if (map && !is_kprobe) {
2277 		map__put(map);
2278 	}
2279 
2280 	return ret;
2281 }
2282 
2283 static int convert_to_perf_probe_point(struct probe_trace_point *tp,
2284 				       struct perf_probe_point *pp,
2285 				       bool is_kprobe)
2286 {
2287 	char buf[128];
2288 	int ret;
2289 
2290 	ret = find_perf_probe_point_from_dwarf(tp, pp, is_kprobe);
2291 	if (!ret)
2292 		return 0;
2293 	ret = find_perf_probe_point_from_map(tp, pp, is_kprobe);
2294 	if (!ret)
2295 		return 0;
2296 
2297 	pr_debug("Failed to find probe point from both of dwarf and map.\n");
2298 
2299 	if (tp->symbol) {
2300 		pp->function = strdup(tp->symbol);
2301 		pp->offset = tp->offset;
2302 	} else {
2303 		ret = e_snprintf(buf, 128, "0x%" PRIx64, tp->address);
2304 		if (ret < 0)
2305 			return ret;
2306 		pp->function = strdup(buf);
2307 		pp->offset = 0;
2308 	}
2309 	if (pp->function == NULL)
2310 		return -ENOMEM;
2311 
2312 	pp->retprobe = tp->retprobe;
2313 
2314 	return 0;
2315 }
2316 
2317 static int convert_to_perf_probe_event(struct probe_trace_event *tev,
2318 			       struct perf_probe_event *pev, bool is_kprobe)
2319 {
2320 	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
2321 	int i, ret;
2322 
2323 	/* Convert event/group name */
2324 	pev->event = strdup(tev->event);
2325 	pev->group = strdup(tev->group);
2326 	if (pev->event == NULL || pev->group == NULL)
2327 		return -ENOMEM;
2328 
2329 	/* Convert trace_point to probe_point */
2330 	ret = convert_to_perf_probe_point(&tev->point, &pev->point, is_kprobe);
2331 	if (ret < 0)
2332 		return ret;
2333 
2334 	/* Convert trace_arg to probe_arg */
2335 	pev->nargs = tev->nargs;
2336 	pev->args = zalloc(sizeof(struct perf_probe_arg) * pev->nargs);
2337 	if (pev->args == NULL)
2338 		return -ENOMEM;
2339 	for (i = 0; i < tev->nargs && ret >= 0; i++) {
2340 		if (tev->args[i].name)
2341 			pev->args[i].name = strdup(tev->args[i].name);
2342 		else {
2343 			if ((ret = strbuf_init(&buf, 32)) < 0)
2344 				goto error;
2345 			ret = synthesize_probe_trace_arg(&tev->args[i], &buf);
2346 			pev->args[i].name = strbuf_detach(&buf, NULL);
2347 		}
2348 		if (pev->args[i].name == NULL && ret >= 0)
2349 			ret = -ENOMEM;
2350 	}
2351 error:
2352 	if (ret < 0)
2353 		clear_perf_probe_event(pev);
2354 
2355 	return ret;
2356 }
2357 
2358 void clear_perf_probe_event(struct perf_probe_event *pev)
2359 {
2360 	struct perf_probe_arg_field *field, *next;
2361 	int i;
2362 
2363 	zfree(&pev->event);
2364 	zfree(&pev->group);
2365 	zfree(&pev->target);
2366 	clear_perf_probe_point(&pev->point);
2367 
2368 	for (i = 0; i < pev->nargs; i++) {
2369 		zfree(&pev->args[i].name);
2370 		zfree(&pev->args[i].var);
2371 		zfree(&pev->args[i].type);
2372 		field = pev->args[i].field;
2373 		while (field) {
2374 			next = field->next;
2375 			zfree(&field->name);
2376 			free(field);
2377 			field = next;
2378 		}
2379 	}
2380 	pev->nargs = 0;
2381 	zfree(&pev->args);
2382 }
2383 
2384 #define strdup_or_goto(str, label)	\
2385 ({ char *__p = NULL; if (str && !(__p = strdup(str))) goto label; __p; })
2386 
2387 static int perf_probe_point__copy(struct perf_probe_point *dst,
2388 				  struct perf_probe_point *src)
2389 {
2390 	dst->file = strdup_or_goto(src->file, out_err);
2391 	dst->function = strdup_or_goto(src->function, out_err);
2392 	dst->lazy_line = strdup_or_goto(src->lazy_line, out_err);
2393 	dst->line = src->line;
2394 	dst->retprobe = src->retprobe;
2395 	dst->offset = src->offset;
2396 	return 0;
2397 
2398 out_err:
2399 	clear_perf_probe_point(dst);
2400 	return -ENOMEM;
2401 }
2402 
2403 static int perf_probe_arg__copy(struct perf_probe_arg *dst,
2404 				struct perf_probe_arg *src)
2405 {
2406 	struct perf_probe_arg_field *field, **ppfield;
2407 
2408 	dst->name = strdup_or_goto(src->name, out_err);
2409 	dst->var = strdup_or_goto(src->var, out_err);
2410 	dst->type = strdup_or_goto(src->type, out_err);
2411 
2412 	field = src->field;
2413 	ppfield = &(dst->field);
2414 	while (field) {
2415 		*ppfield = zalloc(sizeof(*field));
2416 		if (!*ppfield)
2417 			goto out_err;
2418 		(*ppfield)->name = strdup_or_goto(field->name, out_err);
2419 		(*ppfield)->index = field->index;
2420 		(*ppfield)->ref = field->ref;
2421 		field = field->next;
2422 		ppfield = &((*ppfield)->next);
2423 	}
2424 	return 0;
2425 out_err:
2426 	return -ENOMEM;
2427 }
2428 
2429 int perf_probe_event__copy(struct perf_probe_event *dst,
2430 			   struct perf_probe_event *src)
2431 {
2432 	int i;
2433 
2434 	dst->event = strdup_or_goto(src->event, out_err);
2435 	dst->group = strdup_or_goto(src->group, out_err);
2436 	dst->target = strdup_or_goto(src->target, out_err);
2437 	dst->uprobes = src->uprobes;
2438 
2439 	if (perf_probe_point__copy(&dst->point, &src->point) < 0)
2440 		goto out_err;
2441 
2442 	dst->args = zalloc(sizeof(struct perf_probe_arg) * src->nargs);
2443 	if (!dst->args)
2444 		goto out_err;
2445 	dst->nargs = src->nargs;
2446 
2447 	for (i = 0; i < src->nargs; i++)
2448 		if (perf_probe_arg__copy(&dst->args[i], &src->args[i]) < 0)
2449 			goto out_err;
2450 	return 0;
2451 
2452 out_err:
2453 	clear_perf_probe_event(dst);
2454 	return -ENOMEM;
2455 }
2456 
2457 void clear_probe_trace_event(struct probe_trace_event *tev)
2458 {
2459 	struct probe_trace_arg_ref *ref, *next;
2460 	int i;
2461 
2462 	zfree(&tev->event);
2463 	zfree(&tev->group);
2464 	zfree(&tev->point.symbol);
2465 	zfree(&tev->point.realname);
2466 	zfree(&tev->point.module);
2467 	for (i = 0; i < tev->nargs; i++) {
2468 		zfree(&tev->args[i].name);
2469 		zfree(&tev->args[i].value);
2470 		zfree(&tev->args[i].type);
2471 		ref = tev->args[i].ref;
2472 		while (ref) {
2473 			next = ref->next;
2474 			free(ref);
2475 			ref = next;
2476 		}
2477 	}
2478 	zfree(&tev->args);
2479 	tev->nargs = 0;
2480 }
2481 
2482 struct kprobe_blacklist_node {
2483 	struct list_head list;
2484 	u64 start;
2485 	u64 end;
2486 	char *symbol;
2487 };
2488 
2489 static void kprobe_blacklist__delete(struct list_head *blacklist)
2490 {
2491 	struct kprobe_blacklist_node *node;
2492 
2493 	while (!list_empty(blacklist)) {
2494 		node = list_first_entry(blacklist,
2495 					struct kprobe_blacklist_node, list);
2496 		list_del_init(&node->list);
2497 		zfree(&node->symbol);
2498 		free(node);
2499 	}
2500 }
2501 
2502 static int kprobe_blacklist__load(struct list_head *blacklist)
2503 {
2504 	struct kprobe_blacklist_node *node;
2505 	const char *__debugfs = debugfs__mountpoint();
2506 	char buf[PATH_MAX], *p;
2507 	FILE *fp;
2508 	int ret;
2509 
2510 	if (__debugfs == NULL)
2511 		return -ENOTSUP;
2512 
2513 	ret = e_snprintf(buf, PATH_MAX, "%s/kprobes/blacklist", __debugfs);
2514 	if (ret < 0)
2515 		return ret;
2516 
2517 	fp = fopen(buf, "r");
2518 	if (!fp)
2519 		return -errno;
2520 
2521 	ret = 0;
2522 	while (fgets(buf, PATH_MAX, fp)) {
2523 		node = zalloc(sizeof(*node));
2524 		if (!node) {
2525 			ret = -ENOMEM;
2526 			break;
2527 		}
2528 		INIT_LIST_HEAD(&node->list);
2529 		list_add_tail(&node->list, blacklist);
2530 		if (sscanf(buf, "0x%" PRIx64 "-0x%" PRIx64, &node->start, &node->end) != 2) {
2531 			ret = -EINVAL;
2532 			break;
2533 		}
2534 		p = strchr(buf, '\t');
2535 		if (p) {
2536 			p++;
2537 			if (p[strlen(p) - 1] == '\n')
2538 				p[strlen(p) - 1] = '\0';
2539 		} else
2540 			p = (char *)"unknown";
2541 		node->symbol = strdup(p);
2542 		if (!node->symbol) {
2543 			ret = -ENOMEM;
2544 			break;
2545 		}
2546 		pr_debug2("Blacklist: 0x%" PRIx64 "-0x%" PRIx64 ", %s\n",
2547 			  node->start, node->end, node->symbol);
2548 		ret++;
2549 	}
2550 	if (ret < 0)
2551 		kprobe_blacklist__delete(blacklist);
2552 	fclose(fp);
2553 
2554 	return ret;
2555 }
2556 
2557 static struct kprobe_blacklist_node *
2558 kprobe_blacklist__find_by_address(struct list_head *blacklist, u64 address)
2559 {
2560 	struct kprobe_blacklist_node *node;
2561 
2562 	list_for_each_entry(node, blacklist, list) {
2563 		if (node->start <= address && address < node->end)
2564 			return node;
2565 	}
2566 
2567 	return NULL;
2568 }
2569 
2570 static LIST_HEAD(kprobe_blacklist);
2571 
2572 static void kprobe_blacklist__init(void)
2573 {
2574 	if (!list_empty(&kprobe_blacklist))
2575 		return;
2576 
2577 	if (kprobe_blacklist__load(&kprobe_blacklist) < 0)
2578 		pr_debug("No kprobe blacklist support, ignored\n");
2579 }
2580 
2581 static void kprobe_blacklist__release(void)
2582 {
2583 	kprobe_blacklist__delete(&kprobe_blacklist);
2584 }
2585 
2586 static bool kprobe_blacklist__listed(u64 address)
2587 {
2588 	return !!kprobe_blacklist__find_by_address(&kprobe_blacklist, address);
2589 }
2590 
2591 static int perf_probe_event__sprintf(const char *group, const char *event,
2592 				     struct perf_probe_event *pev,
2593 				     const char *module,
2594 				     struct strbuf *result)
2595 {
2596 	int i, ret;
2597 	char *buf;
2598 
2599 	if (asprintf(&buf, "%s:%s", group, event) < 0)
2600 		return -errno;
2601 	ret = strbuf_addf(result, "  %-20s (on ", buf);
2602 	free(buf);
2603 	if (ret)
2604 		return ret;
2605 
2606 	/* Synthesize only event probe point */
2607 	buf = synthesize_perf_probe_point(&pev->point);
2608 	if (!buf)
2609 		return -ENOMEM;
2610 	ret = strbuf_addstr(result, buf);
2611 	free(buf);
2612 
2613 	if (!ret && module)
2614 		ret = strbuf_addf(result, " in %s", module);
2615 
2616 	if (!ret && pev->nargs > 0) {
2617 		ret = strbuf_add(result, " with", 5);
2618 		for (i = 0; !ret && i < pev->nargs; i++) {
2619 			buf = synthesize_perf_probe_arg(&pev->args[i]);
2620 			if (!buf)
2621 				return -ENOMEM;
2622 			ret = strbuf_addf(result, " %s", buf);
2623 			free(buf);
2624 		}
2625 	}
2626 	if (!ret)
2627 		ret = strbuf_addch(result, ')');
2628 
2629 	return ret;
2630 }
2631 
2632 /* Show an event */
2633 int show_perf_probe_event(const char *group, const char *event,
2634 			  struct perf_probe_event *pev,
2635 			  const char *module, bool use_stdout)
2636 {
2637 	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
2638 	int ret;
2639 
2640 	ret = perf_probe_event__sprintf(group, event, pev, module, &buf);
2641 	if (ret >= 0) {
2642 		if (use_stdout)
2643 			printf("%s\n", buf.buf);
2644 		else
2645 			pr_info("%s\n", buf.buf);
2646 	}
2647 	strbuf_release(&buf);
2648 
2649 	return ret;
2650 }
2651 
2652 static bool filter_probe_trace_event(struct probe_trace_event *tev,
2653 				     struct strfilter *filter)
2654 {
2655 	char tmp[128];
2656 
2657 	/* At first, check the event name itself */
2658 	if (strfilter__compare(filter, tev->event))
2659 		return true;
2660 
2661 	/* Next, check the combination of name and group */
2662 	if (e_snprintf(tmp, 128, "%s:%s", tev->group, tev->event) < 0)
2663 		return false;
2664 	return strfilter__compare(filter, tmp);
2665 }
2666 
2667 static int __show_perf_probe_events(int fd, bool is_kprobe,
2668 				    struct strfilter *filter)
2669 {
2670 	int ret = 0;
2671 	struct probe_trace_event tev;
2672 	struct perf_probe_event pev;
2673 	struct strlist *rawlist;
2674 	struct str_node *ent;
2675 
2676 	memset(&tev, 0, sizeof(tev));
2677 	memset(&pev, 0, sizeof(pev));
2678 
2679 	rawlist = probe_file__get_rawlist(fd);
2680 	if (!rawlist)
2681 		return -ENOMEM;
2682 
2683 	strlist__for_each_entry(ent, rawlist) {
2684 		ret = parse_probe_trace_command(ent->s, &tev);
2685 		if (ret >= 0) {
2686 			if (!filter_probe_trace_event(&tev, filter))
2687 				goto next;
2688 			ret = convert_to_perf_probe_event(&tev, &pev,
2689 								is_kprobe);
2690 			if (ret < 0)
2691 				goto next;
2692 			ret = show_perf_probe_event(pev.group, pev.event,
2693 						    &pev, tev.point.module,
2694 						    true);
2695 		}
2696 next:
2697 		clear_perf_probe_event(&pev);
2698 		clear_probe_trace_event(&tev);
2699 		if (ret < 0)
2700 			break;
2701 	}
2702 	strlist__delete(rawlist);
2703 	/* Cleanup cached debuginfo if needed */
2704 	debuginfo_cache__exit();
2705 
2706 	return ret;
2707 }
2708 
2709 /* List up current perf-probe events */
2710 int show_perf_probe_events(struct strfilter *filter)
2711 {
2712 	int kp_fd, up_fd, ret;
2713 
2714 	setup_pager();
2715 
2716 	if (probe_conf.cache)
2717 		return probe_cache__show_all_caches(filter);
2718 
2719 	ret = init_probe_symbol_maps(false);
2720 	if (ret < 0)
2721 		return ret;
2722 
2723 	ret = probe_file__open_both(&kp_fd, &up_fd, 0);
2724 	if (ret < 0)
2725 		return ret;
2726 
2727 	if (kp_fd >= 0)
2728 		ret = __show_perf_probe_events(kp_fd, true, filter);
2729 	if (up_fd >= 0 && ret >= 0)
2730 		ret = __show_perf_probe_events(up_fd, false, filter);
2731 	if (kp_fd > 0)
2732 		close(kp_fd);
2733 	if (up_fd > 0)
2734 		close(up_fd);
2735 	exit_probe_symbol_maps();
2736 
2737 	return ret;
2738 }
2739 
2740 static int get_new_event_name(char *buf, size_t len, const char *base,
2741 			      struct strlist *namelist, bool ret_event,
2742 			      bool allow_suffix)
2743 {
2744 	int i, ret;
2745 	char *p, *nbase;
2746 
2747 	if (*base == '.')
2748 		base++;
2749 	nbase = strdup(base);
2750 	if (!nbase)
2751 		return -ENOMEM;
2752 
2753 	/* Cut off the dot suffixes (e.g. .const, .isra) and version suffixes */
2754 	p = strpbrk(nbase, ".@");
2755 	if (p && p != nbase)
2756 		*p = '\0';
2757 
2758 	/* Try no suffix number */
2759 	ret = e_snprintf(buf, len, "%s%s", nbase, ret_event ? "__return" : "");
2760 	if (ret < 0) {
2761 		pr_debug("snprintf() failed: %d\n", ret);
2762 		goto out;
2763 	}
2764 	if (!strlist__has_entry(namelist, buf))
2765 		goto out;
2766 
2767 	if (!allow_suffix) {
2768 		pr_warning("Error: event \"%s\" already exists.\n"
2769 			   " Hint: Remove existing event by 'perf probe -d'\n"
2770 			   "       or force duplicates by 'perf probe -f'\n"
2771 			   "       or set 'force=yes' in BPF source.\n",
2772 			   buf);
2773 		ret = -EEXIST;
2774 		goto out;
2775 	}
2776 
2777 	/* Try to add suffix */
2778 	for (i = 1; i < MAX_EVENT_INDEX; i++) {
2779 		ret = e_snprintf(buf, len, "%s_%d", nbase, i);
2780 		if (ret < 0) {
2781 			pr_debug("snprintf() failed: %d\n", ret);
2782 			goto out;
2783 		}
2784 		if (!strlist__has_entry(namelist, buf))
2785 			break;
2786 	}
2787 	if (i == MAX_EVENT_INDEX) {
2788 		pr_warning("Too many events are on the same function.\n");
2789 		ret = -ERANGE;
2790 	}
2791 
2792 out:
2793 	free(nbase);
2794 
2795 	/* Final validation */
2796 	if (ret >= 0 && !is_c_func_name(buf)) {
2797 		pr_warning("Internal error: \"%s\" is an invalid event name.\n",
2798 			   buf);
2799 		ret = -EINVAL;
2800 	}
2801 
2802 	return ret;
2803 }
2804 
2805 /* Warn if the current kernel's uprobe implementation is old */
2806 static void warn_uprobe_event_compat(struct probe_trace_event *tev)
2807 {
2808 	int i;
2809 	char *buf = synthesize_probe_trace_command(tev);
2810 	struct probe_trace_point *tp = &tev->point;
2811 
2812 	if (tp->ref_ctr_offset && !uprobe_ref_ctr_is_supported()) {
2813 		pr_warning("A semaphore is associated with %s:%s and "
2814 			   "seems your kernel doesn't support it.\n",
2815 			   tev->group, tev->event);
2816 	}
2817 
2818 	/* Old uprobe event doesn't support memory dereference */
2819 	if (!tev->uprobes || tev->nargs == 0 || !buf)
2820 		goto out;
2821 
2822 	for (i = 0; i < tev->nargs; i++) {
2823 		if (strchr(tev->args[i].value, '@')) {
2824 			pr_warning("%s accesses a variable by symbol name, but that is not supported for user application probe.\n",
2825 				   tev->args[i].value);
2826 			break;
2827 		}
2828 		if (strglobmatch(tev->args[i].value, "[$+-]*")) {
2829 			pr_warning("Please upgrade your kernel to at least 3.14 to have access to feature %s\n",
2830 				   tev->args[i].value);
2831 			break;
2832 		}
2833 	}
2834 out:
2835 	free(buf);
2836 }
2837 
2838 /* Set new name from original perf_probe_event and namelist */
2839 static int probe_trace_event__set_name(struct probe_trace_event *tev,
2840 				       struct perf_probe_event *pev,
2841 				       struct strlist *namelist,
2842 				       bool allow_suffix)
2843 {
2844 	const char *event, *group;
2845 	char buf[64];
2846 	int ret;
2847 
2848 	/* If probe_event or trace_event already have the name, reuse it */
2849 	if (pev->event && !pev->sdt)
2850 		event = pev->event;
2851 	else if (tev->event)
2852 		event = tev->event;
2853 	else {
2854 		/* Or generate new one from probe point */
2855 		if (pev->point.function &&
2856 			(strncmp(pev->point.function, "0x", 2) != 0) &&
2857 			!strisglob(pev->point.function))
2858 			event = pev->point.function;
2859 		else
2860 			event = tev->point.realname;
2861 	}
2862 	if (pev->group && !pev->sdt)
2863 		group = pev->group;
2864 	else if (tev->group)
2865 		group = tev->group;
2866 	else
2867 		group = PERFPROBE_GROUP;
2868 
2869 	/* Get an unused new event name */
2870 	ret = get_new_event_name(buf, 64, event, namelist,
2871 				 tev->point.retprobe, allow_suffix);
2872 	if (ret < 0)
2873 		return ret;
2874 
2875 	event = buf;
2876 
2877 	tev->event = strdup(event);
2878 	tev->group = strdup(group);
2879 	if (tev->event == NULL || tev->group == NULL)
2880 		return -ENOMEM;
2881 
2882 	/*
2883 	 * Add new event name to namelist if multiprobe event is NOT
2884 	 * supported, since we have to use new event name for following
2885 	 * probes in that case.
2886 	 */
2887 	if (!multiprobe_event_is_supported())
2888 		strlist__add(namelist, event);
2889 	return 0;
2890 }
2891 
2892 static int __open_probe_file_and_namelist(bool uprobe,
2893 					  struct strlist **namelist)
2894 {
2895 	int fd;
2896 
2897 	fd = probe_file__open(PF_FL_RW | (uprobe ? PF_FL_UPROBE : 0));
2898 	if (fd < 0)
2899 		return fd;
2900 
2901 	/* Get current event names */
2902 	*namelist = probe_file__get_namelist(fd);
2903 	if (!(*namelist)) {
2904 		pr_debug("Failed to get current event list.\n");
2905 		close(fd);
2906 		return -ENOMEM;
2907 	}
2908 	return fd;
2909 }
2910 
2911 static int __add_probe_trace_events(struct perf_probe_event *pev,
2912 				     struct probe_trace_event *tevs,
2913 				     int ntevs, bool allow_suffix)
2914 {
2915 	int i, fd[2] = {-1, -1}, up, ret;
2916 	struct probe_trace_event *tev = NULL;
2917 	struct probe_cache *cache = NULL;
2918 	struct strlist *namelist[2] = {NULL, NULL};
2919 	struct nscookie nsc;
2920 
2921 	up = pev->uprobes ? 1 : 0;
2922 	fd[up] = __open_probe_file_and_namelist(up, &namelist[up]);
2923 	if (fd[up] < 0)
2924 		return fd[up];
2925 
2926 	ret = 0;
2927 	for (i = 0; i < ntevs; i++) {
2928 		tev = &tevs[i];
2929 		up = tev->uprobes ? 1 : 0;
2930 		if (fd[up] == -1) {	/* Open the kprobe/uprobe_events */
2931 			fd[up] = __open_probe_file_and_namelist(up,
2932 								&namelist[up]);
2933 			if (fd[up] < 0)
2934 				goto close_out;
2935 		}
2936 		/* Skip if the symbol is out of .text or blacklisted */
2937 		if (!tev->point.symbol && !pev->uprobes)
2938 			continue;
2939 
2940 		/* Set new name for tev (and update namelist) */
2941 		ret = probe_trace_event__set_name(tev, pev, namelist[up],
2942 						  allow_suffix);
2943 		if (ret < 0)
2944 			break;
2945 
2946 		nsinfo__mountns_enter(pev->nsi, &nsc);
2947 		ret = probe_file__add_event(fd[up], tev);
2948 		nsinfo__mountns_exit(&nsc);
2949 		if (ret < 0)
2950 			break;
2951 
2952 		/*
2953 		 * Probes after the first probe which comes from same
2954 		 * user input are always allowed to add suffix, because
2955 		 * there might be several addresses corresponding to
2956 		 * one code line.
2957 		 */
2958 		allow_suffix = true;
2959 	}
2960 	if (ret == -EINVAL && pev->uprobes)
2961 		warn_uprobe_event_compat(tev);
2962 	if (ret == 0 && probe_conf.cache) {
2963 		cache = probe_cache__new(pev->target, pev->nsi);
2964 		if (!cache ||
2965 		    probe_cache__add_entry(cache, pev, tevs, ntevs) < 0 ||
2966 		    probe_cache__commit(cache) < 0)
2967 			pr_warning("Failed to add event to probe cache\n");
2968 		probe_cache__delete(cache);
2969 	}
2970 
2971 close_out:
2972 	for (up = 0; up < 2; up++) {
2973 		strlist__delete(namelist[up]);
2974 		if (fd[up] >= 0)
2975 			close(fd[up]);
2976 	}
2977 	return ret;
2978 }
2979 
2980 static int find_probe_functions(struct map *map, char *name,
2981 				struct symbol **syms)
2982 {
2983 	int found = 0;
2984 	struct symbol *sym;
2985 	struct rb_node *tmp;
2986 	const char *norm, *ver;
2987 	char *buf = NULL;
2988 	bool cut_version = true;
2989 
2990 	if (map__load(map) < 0)
2991 		return -EACCES;	/* Possible permission error to load symbols */
2992 
2993 	/* If user gives a version, don't cut off the version from symbols */
2994 	if (strchr(name, '@'))
2995 		cut_version = false;
2996 
2997 	map__for_each_symbol(map, sym, tmp) {
2998 		norm = arch__normalize_symbol_name(sym->name);
2999 		if (!norm)
3000 			continue;
3001 
3002 		if (cut_version) {
3003 			/* We don't care about default symbol or not */
3004 			ver = strchr(norm, '@');
3005 			if (ver) {
3006 				buf = strndup(norm, ver - norm);
3007 				if (!buf)
3008 					return -ENOMEM;
3009 				norm = buf;
3010 			}
3011 		}
3012 
3013 		if (strglobmatch(norm, name)) {
3014 			found++;
3015 			if (syms && found < probe_conf.max_probes)
3016 				syms[found - 1] = sym;
3017 		}
3018 		if (buf)
3019 			zfree(&buf);
3020 	}
3021 
3022 	return found;
3023 }
3024 
3025 void __weak arch__fix_tev_from_maps(struct perf_probe_event *pev __maybe_unused,
3026 				struct probe_trace_event *tev __maybe_unused,
3027 				struct map *map __maybe_unused,
3028 				struct symbol *sym __maybe_unused) { }
3029 
3030 
3031 static void pr_kallsyms_access_error(void)
3032 {
3033 	pr_err("Please ensure you can read the /proc/kallsyms symbol addresses.\n"
3034 	       "If /proc/sys/kernel/kptr_restrict is '2', you can not read\n"
3035 	       "kernel symbol addresses even if you are a superuser. Please change\n"
3036 	       "it to '1'. If kptr_restrict is '1', the superuser can read the\n"
3037 	       "symbol addresses.\n"
3038 	       "In that case, please run this command again with sudo.\n");
3039 }
3040 
3041 /*
3042  * Find probe function addresses from map.
3043  * Return an error or the number of found probe_trace_event
3044  */
3045 static int find_probe_trace_events_from_map(struct perf_probe_event *pev,
3046 					    struct probe_trace_event **tevs)
3047 {
3048 	struct map *map = NULL;
3049 	struct ref_reloc_sym *reloc_sym = NULL;
3050 	struct symbol *sym;
3051 	struct symbol **syms = NULL;
3052 	struct probe_trace_event *tev;
3053 	struct perf_probe_point *pp = &pev->point;
3054 	struct probe_trace_point *tp;
3055 	int num_matched_functions;
3056 	int ret, i, j, skipped = 0;
3057 	char *mod_name;
3058 
3059 	map = get_target_map(pev->target, pev->nsi, pev->uprobes);
3060 	if (!map) {
3061 		ret = -EINVAL;
3062 		goto out;
3063 	}
3064 
3065 	syms = malloc(sizeof(struct symbol *) * probe_conf.max_probes);
3066 	if (!syms) {
3067 		ret = -ENOMEM;
3068 		goto out;
3069 	}
3070 
3071 	/*
3072 	 * Load matched symbols: Since the different local symbols may have
3073 	 * same name but different addresses, this lists all the symbols.
3074 	 */
3075 	num_matched_functions = find_probe_functions(map, pp->function, syms);
3076 	if (num_matched_functions <= 0) {
3077 		if (num_matched_functions == -EACCES) {
3078 			pr_err("Failed to load symbols from %s\n",
3079 			       pev->target ?: "/proc/kallsyms");
3080 			if (pev->target)
3081 				pr_err("Please ensure the file is not stripped.\n");
3082 			else
3083 				pr_kallsyms_access_error();
3084 		} else
3085 			pr_err("Failed to find symbol %s in %s\n", pp->function,
3086 				pev->target ? : "kernel");
3087 		ret = -ENOENT;
3088 		goto out;
3089 	} else if (num_matched_functions > probe_conf.max_probes) {
3090 		pr_err("Too many functions matched in %s\n",
3091 			pev->target ? : "kernel");
3092 		ret = -E2BIG;
3093 		goto out;
3094 	}
3095 
3096 	/* Note that the symbols in the kmodule are not relocated */
3097 	if (!pev->uprobes && !pev->target &&
3098 			(!pp->retprobe || kretprobe_offset_is_supported())) {
3099 		reloc_sym = kernel_get_ref_reloc_sym(NULL);
3100 		if (!reloc_sym) {
3101 			pr_warning("Relocated base symbol is not found! "
3102 				   "Check /proc/sys/kernel/kptr_restrict\n"
3103 				   "and /proc/sys/kernel/perf_event_paranoid. "
3104 				   "Or run as privileged perf user.\n\n");
3105 			ret = -EINVAL;
3106 			goto out;
3107 		}
3108 	}
3109 
3110 	/* Setup result trace-probe-events */
3111 	*tevs = zalloc(sizeof(*tev) * num_matched_functions);
3112 	if (!*tevs) {
3113 		ret = -ENOMEM;
3114 		goto out;
3115 	}
3116 
3117 	ret = 0;
3118 
3119 	for (j = 0; j < num_matched_functions; j++) {
3120 		sym = syms[j];
3121 
3122 		if (sym->type != STT_FUNC)
3123 			continue;
3124 
3125 		/* There can be duplicated symbols in the map */
3126 		for (i = 0; i < j; i++)
3127 			if (sym->start == syms[i]->start) {
3128 				pr_debug("Found duplicated symbol %s @ %" PRIx64 "\n",
3129 					 sym->name, sym->start);
3130 				break;
3131 			}
3132 		if (i != j)
3133 			continue;
3134 
3135 		tev = (*tevs) + ret;
3136 		tp = &tev->point;
3137 		if (ret == num_matched_functions) {
3138 			pr_warning("Too many symbols are listed. Skip it.\n");
3139 			break;
3140 		}
3141 		ret++;
3142 
3143 		if (pp->offset > sym->end - sym->start) {
3144 			pr_warning("Offset %ld is bigger than the size of %s\n",
3145 				   pp->offset, sym->name);
3146 			ret = -ENOENT;
3147 			goto err_out;
3148 		}
3149 		/* Add one probe point */
3150 		tp->address = map__unmap_ip(map, sym->start) + pp->offset;
3151 
3152 		/* Check the kprobe (not in module) is within .text  */
3153 		if (!pev->uprobes && !pev->target &&
3154 		    kprobe_warn_out_range(sym->name, tp->address)) {
3155 			tp->symbol = NULL;	/* Skip it */
3156 			skipped++;
3157 		} else if (reloc_sym) {
3158 			tp->symbol = strdup_or_goto(reloc_sym->name, nomem_out);
3159 			tp->offset = tp->address - reloc_sym->addr;
3160 		} else {
3161 			tp->symbol = strdup_or_goto(sym->name, nomem_out);
3162 			tp->offset = pp->offset;
3163 		}
3164 		tp->realname = strdup_or_goto(sym->name, nomem_out);
3165 
3166 		tp->retprobe = pp->retprobe;
3167 		if (pev->target) {
3168 			if (pev->uprobes) {
3169 				tev->point.module = strdup_or_goto(pev->target,
3170 								   nomem_out);
3171 			} else {
3172 				mod_name = find_module_name(pev->target);
3173 				tev->point.module =
3174 					strdup(mod_name ? mod_name : pev->target);
3175 				free(mod_name);
3176 				if (!tev->point.module)
3177 					goto nomem_out;
3178 			}
3179 		}
3180 		tev->uprobes = pev->uprobes;
3181 		tev->nargs = pev->nargs;
3182 		if (tev->nargs) {
3183 			tev->args = zalloc(sizeof(struct probe_trace_arg) *
3184 					   tev->nargs);
3185 			if (tev->args == NULL)
3186 				goto nomem_out;
3187 		}
3188 		for (i = 0; i < tev->nargs; i++) {
3189 			if (pev->args[i].name)
3190 				tev->args[i].name =
3191 					strdup_or_goto(pev->args[i].name,
3192 							nomem_out);
3193 
3194 			tev->args[i].value = strdup_or_goto(pev->args[i].var,
3195 							    nomem_out);
3196 			if (pev->args[i].type)
3197 				tev->args[i].type =
3198 					strdup_or_goto(pev->args[i].type,
3199 							nomem_out);
3200 		}
3201 		arch__fix_tev_from_maps(pev, tev, map, sym);
3202 	}
3203 	if (ret == skipped) {
3204 		ret = -ENOENT;
3205 		goto err_out;
3206 	}
3207 
3208 out:
3209 	map__put(map);
3210 	free(syms);
3211 	return ret;
3212 
3213 nomem_out:
3214 	ret = -ENOMEM;
3215 err_out:
3216 	clear_probe_trace_events(*tevs, num_matched_functions);
3217 	zfree(tevs);
3218 	goto out;
3219 }
3220 
3221 static int try_to_find_absolute_address(struct perf_probe_event *pev,
3222 					struct probe_trace_event **tevs)
3223 {
3224 	struct perf_probe_point *pp = &pev->point;
3225 	struct probe_trace_event *tev;
3226 	struct probe_trace_point *tp;
3227 	int i, err;
3228 
3229 	if (!(pev->point.function && !strncmp(pev->point.function, "0x", 2)))
3230 		return -EINVAL;
3231 	if (perf_probe_event_need_dwarf(pev))
3232 		return -EINVAL;
3233 
3234 	/*
3235 	 * This is 'perf probe /lib/libc.so 0xabcd'. Try to probe at
3236 	 * absolute address.
3237 	 *
3238 	 * Only one tev can be generated by this.
3239 	 */
3240 	*tevs = zalloc(sizeof(*tev));
3241 	if (!*tevs)
3242 		return -ENOMEM;
3243 
3244 	tev = *tevs;
3245 	tp = &tev->point;
3246 
3247 	/*
3248 	 * Don't use tp->offset, use address directly, because
3249 	 * in synthesize_probe_trace_command() address cannot be
3250 	 * zero.
3251 	 */
3252 	tp->address = pev->point.abs_address;
3253 	tp->retprobe = pp->retprobe;
3254 	tev->uprobes = pev->uprobes;
3255 
3256 	err = -ENOMEM;
3257 	/*
3258 	 * Give it a '0x' leading symbol name.
3259 	 * In __add_probe_trace_events, a NULL symbol is interpreted as
3260 	 * invalid.
3261 	 */
3262 	if (asprintf(&tp->symbol, "0x%" PRIx64, tp->address) < 0)
3263 		goto errout;
3264 
3265 	/* For kprobe, check range */
3266 	if ((!tev->uprobes) &&
3267 	    (kprobe_warn_out_range(tev->point.symbol,
3268 				   tev->point.address))) {
3269 		err = -EACCES;
3270 		goto errout;
3271 	}
3272 
3273 	if (asprintf(&tp->realname, "abs_%" PRIx64, tp->address) < 0)
3274 		goto errout;
3275 
3276 	if (pev->target) {
3277 		tp->module = strdup(pev->target);
3278 		if (!tp->module)
3279 			goto errout;
3280 	}
3281 
3282 	if (tev->group) {
3283 		tev->group = strdup(pev->group);
3284 		if (!tev->group)
3285 			goto errout;
3286 	}
3287 
3288 	if (pev->event) {
3289 		tev->event = strdup(pev->event);
3290 		if (!tev->event)
3291 			goto errout;
3292 	}
3293 
3294 	tev->nargs = pev->nargs;
3295 	tev->args = zalloc(sizeof(struct probe_trace_arg) * tev->nargs);
3296 	if (!tev->args)
3297 		goto errout;
3298 
3299 	for (i = 0; i < tev->nargs; i++)
3300 		copy_to_probe_trace_arg(&tev->args[i], &pev->args[i]);
3301 
3302 	return 1;
3303 
3304 errout:
3305 	clear_probe_trace_events(*tevs, 1);
3306 	*tevs = NULL;
3307 	return err;
3308 }
3309 
3310 /* Concatenate two arrays */
3311 static void *memcat(void *a, size_t sz_a, void *b, size_t sz_b)
3312 {
3313 	void *ret;
3314 
3315 	ret = malloc(sz_a + sz_b);
3316 	if (ret) {
3317 		memcpy(ret, a, sz_a);
3318 		memcpy(ret + sz_a, b, sz_b);
3319 	}
3320 	return ret;
3321 }
3322 
3323 static int
3324 concat_probe_trace_events(struct probe_trace_event **tevs, int *ntevs,
3325 			  struct probe_trace_event **tevs2, int ntevs2)
3326 {
3327 	struct probe_trace_event *new_tevs;
3328 	int ret = 0;
3329 
3330 	if (*ntevs == 0) {
3331 		*tevs = *tevs2;
3332 		*ntevs = ntevs2;
3333 		*tevs2 = NULL;
3334 		return 0;
3335 	}
3336 
3337 	if (*ntevs + ntevs2 > probe_conf.max_probes)
3338 		ret = -E2BIG;
3339 	else {
3340 		/* Concatenate the array of probe_trace_event */
3341 		new_tevs = memcat(*tevs, (*ntevs) * sizeof(**tevs),
3342 				  *tevs2, ntevs2 * sizeof(**tevs2));
3343 		if (!new_tevs)
3344 			ret = -ENOMEM;
3345 		else {
3346 			free(*tevs);
3347 			*tevs = new_tevs;
3348 			*ntevs += ntevs2;
3349 		}
3350 	}
3351 	if (ret < 0)
3352 		clear_probe_trace_events(*tevs2, ntevs2);
3353 	zfree(tevs2);
3354 
3355 	return ret;
3356 }
3357 
3358 /*
3359  * Try to find probe_trace_event from given probe caches. Return the number
3360  * of cached events found, if an error occurs return the error.
3361  */
3362 static int find_cached_events(struct perf_probe_event *pev,
3363 			      struct probe_trace_event **tevs,
3364 			      const char *target)
3365 {
3366 	struct probe_cache *cache;
3367 	struct probe_cache_entry *entry;
3368 	struct probe_trace_event *tmp_tevs = NULL;
3369 	int ntevs = 0;
3370 	int ret = 0;
3371 
3372 	cache = probe_cache__new(target, pev->nsi);
3373 	/* Return 0 ("not found") if the target has no probe cache. */
3374 	if (!cache)
3375 		return 0;
3376 
3377 	for_each_probe_cache_entry(entry, cache) {
3378 		/* Skip the cache entry which has no name */
3379 		if (!entry->pev.event || !entry->pev.group)
3380 			continue;
3381 		if ((!pev->group || strglobmatch(entry->pev.group, pev->group)) &&
3382 		    strglobmatch(entry->pev.event, pev->event)) {
3383 			ret = probe_cache_entry__get_event(entry, &tmp_tevs);
3384 			if (ret > 0)
3385 				ret = concat_probe_trace_events(tevs, &ntevs,
3386 								&tmp_tevs, ret);
3387 			if (ret < 0)
3388 				break;
3389 		}
3390 	}
3391 	probe_cache__delete(cache);
3392 	if (ret < 0) {
3393 		clear_probe_trace_events(*tevs, ntevs);
3394 		zfree(tevs);
3395 	} else {
3396 		ret = ntevs;
3397 		if (ntevs > 0 && target && target[0] == '/')
3398 			pev->uprobes = true;
3399 	}
3400 
3401 	return ret;
3402 }
3403 
3404 /* Try to find probe_trace_event from all probe caches */
3405 static int find_cached_events_all(struct perf_probe_event *pev,
3406 				   struct probe_trace_event **tevs)
3407 {
3408 	struct probe_trace_event *tmp_tevs = NULL;
3409 	struct strlist *bidlist;
3410 	struct str_node *nd;
3411 	char *pathname;
3412 	int ntevs = 0;
3413 	int ret;
3414 
3415 	/* Get the buildid list of all valid caches */
3416 	bidlist = build_id_cache__list_all(true);
3417 	if (!bidlist) {
3418 		ret = -errno;
3419 		pr_debug("Failed to get buildids: %d\n", ret);
3420 		return ret;
3421 	}
3422 
3423 	ret = 0;
3424 	strlist__for_each_entry(nd, bidlist) {
3425 		pathname = build_id_cache__origname(nd->s);
3426 		ret = find_cached_events(pev, &tmp_tevs, pathname);
3427 		/* In the case of cnt == 0, we just skip it */
3428 		if (ret > 0)
3429 			ret = concat_probe_trace_events(tevs, &ntevs,
3430 							&tmp_tevs, ret);
3431 		free(pathname);
3432 		if (ret < 0)
3433 			break;
3434 	}
3435 	strlist__delete(bidlist);
3436 
3437 	if (ret < 0) {
3438 		clear_probe_trace_events(*tevs, ntevs);
3439 		zfree(tevs);
3440 	} else
3441 		ret = ntevs;
3442 
3443 	return ret;
3444 }
3445 
3446 static int find_probe_trace_events_from_cache(struct perf_probe_event *pev,
3447 					      struct probe_trace_event **tevs)
3448 {
3449 	struct probe_cache *cache;
3450 	struct probe_cache_entry *entry;
3451 	struct probe_trace_event *tev;
3452 	struct str_node *node;
3453 	int ret, i;
3454 
3455 	if (pev->sdt) {
3456 		/* For SDT/cached events, we use special search functions */
3457 		if (!pev->target)
3458 			return find_cached_events_all(pev, tevs);
3459 		else
3460 			return find_cached_events(pev, tevs, pev->target);
3461 	}
3462 	cache = probe_cache__new(pev->target, pev->nsi);
3463 	if (!cache)
3464 		return 0;
3465 
3466 	entry = probe_cache__find(cache, pev);
3467 	if (!entry) {
3468 		/* SDT must be in the cache */
3469 		ret = pev->sdt ? -ENOENT : 0;
3470 		goto out;
3471 	}
3472 
3473 	ret = strlist__nr_entries(entry->tevlist);
3474 	if (ret > probe_conf.max_probes) {
3475 		pr_debug("Too many entries matched in the cache of %s\n",
3476 			 pev->target ? : "kernel");
3477 		ret = -E2BIG;
3478 		goto out;
3479 	}
3480 
3481 	*tevs = zalloc(ret * sizeof(*tev));
3482 	if (!*tevs) {
3483 		ret = -ENOMEM;
3484 		goto out;
3485 	}
3486 
3487 	i = 0;
3488 	strlist__for_each_entry(node, entry->tevlist) {
3489 		tev = &(*tevs)[i++];
3490 		ret = parse_probe_trace_command(node->s, tev);
3491 		if (ret < 0)
3492 			goto out;
3493 		/* Set the uprobes attribute as same as original */
3494 		tev->uprobes = pev->uprobes;
3495 	}
3496 	ret = i;
3497 
3498 out:
3499 	probe_cache__delete(cache);
3500 	return ret;
3501 }
3502 
3503 static int convert_to_probe_trace_events(struct perf_probe_event *pev,
3504 					 struct probe_trace_event **tevs)
3505 {
3506 	int ret;
3507 
3508 	if (!pev->group && !pev->sdt) {
3509 		/* Set group name if not given */
3510 		if (!pev->uprobes) {
3511 			pev->group = strdup(PERFPROBE_GROUP);
3512 			ret = pev->group ? 0 : -ENOMEM;
3513 		} else
3514 			ret = convert_exec_to_group(pev->target, &pev->group);
3515 		if (ret != 0) {
3516 			pr_warning("Failed to make a group name.\n");
3517 			return ret;
3518 		}
3519 	}
3520 
3521 	ret = try_to_find_absolute_address(pev, tevs);
3522 	if (ret > 0)
3523 		return ret;
3524 
3525 	/* At first, we need to lookup cache entry */
3526 	ret = find_probe_trace_events_from_cache(pev, tevs);
3527 	if (ret > 0 || pev->sdt)	/* SDT can be found only in the cache */
3528 		return ret == 0 ? -ENOENT : ret; /* Found in probe cache */
3529 
3530 	/* Convert perf_probe_event with debuginfo */
3531 	ret = try_to_find_probe_trace_events(pev, tevs);
3532 	if (ret != 0)
3533 		return ret;	/* Found in debuginfo or got an error */
3534 
3535 	return find_probe_trace_events_from_map(pev, tevs);
3536 }
3537 
3538 int convert_perf_probe_events(struct perf_probe_event *pevs, int npevs)
3539 {
3540 	int i, ret;
3541 
3542 	/* Loop 1: convert all events */
3543 	for (i = 0; i < npevs; i++) {
3544 		/* Init kprobe blacklist if needed */
3545 		if (!pevs[i].uprobes)
3546 			kprobe_blacklist__init();
3547 		/* Convert with or without debuginfo */
3548 		ret  = convert_to_probe_trace_events(&pevs[i], &pevs[i].tevs);
3549 		if (ret < 0)
3550 			return ret;
3551 		pevs[i].ntevs = ret;
3552 	}
3553 	/* This just release blacklist only if allocated */
3554 	kprobe_blacklist__release();
3555 
3556 	return 0;
3557 }
3558 
3559 static int show_probe_trace_event(struct probe_trace_event *tev)
3560 {
3561 	char *buf = synthesize_probe_trace_command(tev);
3562 
3563 	if (!buf) {
3564 		pr_debug("Failed to synthesize probe trace event.\n");
3565 		return -EINVAL;
3566 	}
3567 
3568 	/* Showing definition always go stdout */
3569 	printf("%s\n", buf);
3570 	free(buf);
3571 
3572 	return 0;
3573 }
3574 
3575 int show_probe_trace_events(struct perf_probe_event *pevs, int npevs)
3576 {
3577 	struct strlist *namelist = strlist__new(NULL, NULL);
3578 	struct probe_trace_event *tev;
3579 	struct perf_probe_event *pev;
3580 	int i, j, ret = 0;
3581 
3582 	if (!namelist)
3583 		return -ENOMEM;
3584 
3585 	for (j = 0; j < npevs && !ret; j++) {
3586 		pev = &pevs[j];
3587 		for (i = 0; i < pev->ntevs && !ret; i++) {
3588 			tev = &pev->tevs[i];
3589 			/* Skip if the symbol is out of .text or blacklisted */
3590 			if (!tev->point.symbol && !pev->uprobes)
3591 				continue;
3592 
3593 			/* Set new name for tev (and update namelist) */
3594 			ret = probe_trace_event__set_name(tev, pev,
3595 							  namelist, true);
3596 			if (!ret)
3597 				ret = show_probe_trace_event(tev);
3598 		}
3599 	}
3600 	strlist__delete(namelist);
3601 
3602 	return ret;
3603 }
3604 
3605 static int show_bootconfig_event(struct probe_trace_event *tev)
3606 {
3607 	struct probe_trace_point *tp = &tev->point;
3608 	struct strbuf buf;
3609 	char *ret = NULL;
3610 	int err;
3611 
3612 	if (strbuf_init(&buf, 32) < 0)
3613 		return -ENOMEM;
3614 
3615 	err = synthesize_kprobe_trace_def(tp, &buf);
3616 	if (err >= 0)
3617 		err = synthesize_probe_trace_args(tev, &buf);
3618 	if (err >= 0)
3619 		ret = strbuf_detach(&buf, NULL);
3620 	strbuf_release(&buf);
3621 
3622 	if (ret) {
3623 		printf("'%s'", ret);
3624 		free(ret);
3625 	}
3626 
3627 	return err;
3628 }
3629 
3630 int show_bootconfig_events(struct perf_probe_event *pevs, int npevs)
3631 {
3632 	struct strlist *namelist = strlist__new(NULL, NULL);
3633 	struct probe_trace_event *tev;
3634 	struct perf_probe_event *pev;
3635 	char *cur_name = NULL;
3636 	int i, j, ret = 0;
3637 
3638 	if (!namelist)
3639 		return -ENOMEM;
3640 
3641 	for (j = 0; j < npevs && !ret; j++) {
3642 		pev = &pevs[j];
3643 		if (pev->group && strcmp(pev->group, "probe"))
3644 			pr_warning("WARN: Group name %s is ignored\n", pev->group);
3645 		if (pev->uprobes) {
3646 			pr_warning("ERROR: Bootconfig doesn't support uprobes\n");
3647 			ret = -EINVAL;
3648 			break;
3649 		}
3650 		for (i = 0; i < pev->ntevs && !ret; i++) {
3651 			tev = &pev->tevs[i];
3652 			/* Skip if the symbol is out of .text or blacklisted */
3653 			if (!tev->point.symbol && !pev->uprobes)
3654 				continue;
3655 
3656 			/* Set new name for tev (and update namelist) */
3657 			ret = probe_trace_event__set_name(tev, pev,
3658 							  namelist, true);
3659 			if (ret)
3660 				break;
3661 
3662 			if (!cur_name || strcmp(cur_name, tev->event)) {
3663 				printf("%sftrace.event.kprobes.%s.probe = ",
3664 					cur_name ? "\n" : "", tev->event);
3665 				cur_name = tev->event;
3666 			} else
3667 				printf(", ");
3668 			ret = show_bootconfig_event(tev);
3669 		}
3670 	}
3671 	printf("\n");
3672 	strlist__delete(namelist);
3673 
3674 	return ret;
3675 }
3676 
3677 int apply_perf_probe_events(struct perf_probe_event *pevs, int npevs)
3678 {
3679 	int i, ret = 0;
3680 
3681 	/* Loop 2: add all events */
3682 	for (i = 0; i < npevs; i++) {
3683 		ret = __add_probe_trace_events(&pevs[i], pevs[i].tevs,
3684 					       pevs[i].ntevs,
3685 					       probe_conf.force_add);
3686 		if (ret < 0)
3687 			break;
3688 	}
3689 	return ret;
3690 }
3691 
3692 void cleanup_perf_probe_events(struct perf_probe_event *pevs, int npevs)
3693 {
3694 	int i, j;
3695 	struct perf_probe_event *pev;
3696 
3697 	/* Loop 3: cleanup and free trace events  */
3698 	for (i = 0; i < npevs; i++) {
3699 		pev = &pevs[i];
3700 		for (j = 0; j < pevs[i].ntevs; j++)
3701 			clear_probe_trace_event(&pevs[i].tevs[j]);
3702 		zfree(&pevs[i].tevs);
3703 		pevs[i].ntevs = 0;
3704 		nsinfo__zput(pev->nsi);
3705 		clear_perf_probe_event(&pevs[i]);
3706 	}
3707 }
3708 
3709 int add_perf_probe_events(struct perf_probe_event *pevs, int npevs)
3710 {
3711 	int ret;
3712 
3713 	ret = init_probe_symbol_maps(pevs->uprobes);
3714 	if (ret < 0)
3715 		return ret;
3716 
3717 	ret = convert_perf_probe_events(pevs, npevs);
3718 	if (ret == 0)
3719 		ret = apply_perf_probe_events(pevs, npevs);
3720 
3721 	cleanup_perf_probe_events(pevs, npevs);
3722 
3723 	exit_probe_symbol_maps();
3724 	return ret;
3725 }
3726 
3727 int del_perf_probe_events(struct strfilter *filter)
3728 {
3729 	int ret, ret2, ufd = -1, kfd = -1;
3730 	char *str = strfilter__string(filter);
3731 
3732 	if (!str)
3733 		return -EINVAL;
3734 
3735 	/* Get current event names */
3736 	ret = probe_file__open_both(&kfd, &ufd, PF_FL_RW);
3737 	if (ret < 0)
3738 		goto out;
3739 
3740 	ret = probe_file__del_events(kfd, filter);
3741 	if (ret < 0 && ret != -ENOENT)
3742 		goto error;
3743 
3744 	ret2 = probe_file__del_events(ufd, filter);
3745 	if (ret2 < 0 && ret2 != -ENOENT) {
3746 		ret = ret2;
3747 		goto error;
3748 	}
3749 	ret = 0;
3750 
3751 error:
3752 	if (kfd >= 0)
3753 		close(kfd);
3754 	if (ufd >= 0)
3755 		close(ufd);
3756 out:
3757 	free(str);
3758 
3759 	return ret;
3760 }
3761 
3762 int show_available_funcs(const char *target, struct nsinfo *nsi,
3763 			 struct strfilter *_filter, bool user)
3764 {
3765 	struct map *map;
3766 	struct dso *dso;
3767 	int ret;
3768 
3769 	ret = init_probe_symbol_maps(user);
3770 	if (ret < 0)
3771 		return ret;
3772 
3773 	/* Get a symbol map */
3774 	map = get_target_map(target, nsi, user);
3775 	if (!map) {
3776 		pr_err("Failed to get a map for %s\n", (target) ? : "kernel");
3777 		return -EINVAL;
3778 	}
3779 
3780 	ret = map__load(map);
3781 	if (ret) {
3782 		if (ret == -2) {
3783 			char *str = strfilter__string(_filter);
3784 			pr_err("Failed to find symbols matched to \"%s\"\n",
3785 			       str);
3786 			free(str);
3787 		} else
3788 			pr_err("Failed to load symbols in %s\n",
3789 			       (target) ? : "kernel");
3790 		goto end;
3791 	}
3792 	dso = map__dso(map);
3793 	dso__sort_by_name(dso);
3794 
3795 	/* Show all (filtered) symbols */
3796 	setup_pager();
3797 
3798 	for (size_t i = 0; i < dso->symbol_names_len; i++) {
3799 		struct symbol *pos = dso->symbol_names[i];
3800 
3801 		if (strfilter__compare(_filter, pos->name))
3802 			printf("%s\n", pos->name);
3803 	}
3804 end:
3805 	map__put(map);
3806 	exit_probe_symbol_maps();
3807 
3808 	return ret;
3809 }
3810 
3811 int copy_to_probe_trace_arg(struct probe_trace_arg *tvar,
3812 			    struct perf_probe_arg *pvar)
3813 {
3814 	tvar->value = strdup(pvar->var);
3815 	if (tvar->value == NULL)
3816 		return -ENOMEM;
3817 	if (pvar->type) {
3818 		tvar->type = strdup(pvar->type);
3819 		if (tvar->type == NULL)
3820 			return -ENOMEM;
3821 	}
3822 	if (pvar->name) {
3823 		tvar->name = strdup(pvar->name);
3824 		if (tvar->name == NULL)
3825 			return -ENOMEM;
3826 	} else
3827 		tvar->name = NULL;
3828 	return 0;
3829 }
3830