xref: /linux/tools/perf/util/probe-event.c (revision 7025bec9125b0a02edcaf22c2dce753bf2c95480)
1 /*
2  * probe-event.c : perf-probe definition to kprobe_events format converter
3  *
4  * Written by Masami Hiramatsu <mhiramat@redhat.com>
5  *
6  * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
7  * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
8  * the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
9  * (at your option) any later version.
10  *
11  * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
12  * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
13  * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
14  * GNU General Public License for more details.
15  *
16  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
17  * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
18  * Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA.
19  *
20  */
21 
22 #define _GNU_SOURCE
23 #include <sys/utsname.h>
24 #include <sys/types.h>
25 #include <sys/stat.h>
26 #include <fcntl.h>
27 #include <errno.h>
28 #include <stdio.h>
29 #include <unistd.h>
30 #include <stdlib.h>
31 #include <string.h>
32 #include <stdarg.h>
33 #include <limits.h>
34 
35 #undef _GNU_SOURCE
36 #include "event.h"
37 #include "string.h"
38 #include "strlist.h"
39 #include "debug.h"
40 #include "parse-events.h"  /* For debugfs_path */
41 #include "probe-event.h"
42 
43 #define MAX_CMDLEN 256
44 #define MAX_PROBE_ARGS 128
45 #define PERFPROBE_GROUP "probe"
46 
47 #define semantic_error(msg ...) die("Semantic error :" msg)
48 
49 /* If there is no space to write, returns -E2BIG. */
50 static int e_snprintf(char *str, size_t size, const char *format, ...)
51 	__attribute__((format(printf, 3, 4)));
52 
53 static int e_snprintf(char *str, size_t size, const char *format, ...)
54 {
55 	int ret;
56 	va_list ap;
57 	va_start(ap, format);
58 	ret = vsnprintf(str, size, format, ap);
59 	va_end(ap);
60 	if (ret >= (int)size)
61 		ret = -E2BIG;
62 	return ret;
63 }
64 
65 /* Check the name is good for event/group */
66 static bool check_event_name(const char *name)
67 {
68 	if (!isalpha(*name) && *name != '_')
69 		return false;
70 	while (*++name != '\0') {
71 		if (!isalpha(*name) && !isdigit(*name) && *name != '_')
72 			return false;
73 	}
74 	return true;
75 }
76 
77 /* Parse probepoint definition. */
78 static void parse_perf_probe_probepoint(char *arg, struct probe_point *pp)
79 {
80 	char *ptr, *tmp;
81 	char c, nc = 0;
82 	/*
83 	 * <Syntax>
84 	 * perf probe [EVENT=]SRC:LN
85 	 * perf probe [EVENT=]FUNC[+OFFS|%return][@SRC]
86 	 *
87 	 * TODO:Group name support
88 	 */
89 
90 	ptr = strchr(arg, '=');
91 	if (ptr) {	/* Event name */
92 		*ptr = '\0';
93 		tmp = ptr + 1;
94 		ptr = strchr(arg, ':');
95 		if (ptr)	/* Group name is not supported yet. */
96 			semantic_error("Group name is not supported yet.");
97 		if (!check_event_name(arg))
98 			semantic_error("%s is bad for event name -it must "
99 				       "follow C symbol-naming rule.", arg);
100 		pp->event = strdup(arg);
101 		arg = tmp;
102 	}
103 
104 	ptr = strpbrk(arg, ":+@%");
105 	if (ptr) {
106 		nc = *ptr;
107 		*ptr++ = '\0';
108 	}
109 
110 	/* Check arg is function or file and copy it */
111 	if (strchr(arg, '.'))	/* File */
112 		pp->file = strdup(arg);
113 	else			/* Function */
114 		pp->function = strdup(arg);
115 	DIE_IF(pp->file == NULL && pp->function == NULL);
116 
117 	/* Parse other options */
118 	while (ptr) {
119 		arg = ptr;
120 		c = nc;
121 		ptr = strpbrk(arg, ":+@%");
122 		if (ptr) {
123 			nc = *ptr;
124 			*ptr++ = '\0';
125 		}
126 		switch (c) {
127 		case ':':	/* Line number */
128 			pp->line = strtoul(arg, &tmp, 0);
129 			if (*tmp != '\0')
130 				semantic_error("There is non-digit charactor"
131 						" in line number.");
132 			break;
133 		case '+':	/* Byte offset from a symbol */
134 			pp->offset = strtoul(arg, &tmp, 0);
135 			if (*tmp != '\0')
136 				semantic_error("There is non-digit charactor"
137 						" in offset.");
138 			break;
139 		case '@':	/* File name */
140 			if (pp->file)
141 				semantic_error("SRC@SRC is not allowed.");
142 			pp->file = strdup(arg);
143 			DIE_IF(pp->file == NULL);
144 			if (ptr)
145 				semantic_error("@SRC must be the last "
146 					       "option.");
147 			break;
148 		case '%':	/* Probe places */
149 			if (strcmp(arg, "return") == 0) {
150 				pp->retprobe = 1;
151 			} else	/* Others not supported yet */
152 				semantic_error("%%%s is not supported.", arg);
153 			break;
154 		default:
155 			DIE_IF("Program has a bug.");
156 			break;
157 		}
158 	}
159 
160 	/* Exclusion check */
161 	if (pp->line && pp->offset)
162 		semantic_error("Offset can't be used with line number.");
163 
164 	if (!pp->line && pp->file && !pp->function)
165 		semantic_error("File always requires line number.");
166 
167 	if (pp->offset && !pp->function)
168 		semantic_error("Offset requires an entry function.");
169 
170 	if (pp->retprobe && !pp->function)
171 		semantic_error("Return probe requires an entry function.");
172 
173 	if ((pp->offset || pp->line) && pp->retprobe)
174 		semantic_error("Offset/Line can't be used with return probe.");
175 
176 	pr_debug("symbol:%s file:%s line:%d offset:%d, return:%d\n",
177 		 pp->function, pp->file, pp->line, pp->offset, pp->retprobe);
178 }
179 
180 /* Parse perf-probe event definition */
181 void parse_perf_probe_event(const char *str, struct probe_point *pp,
182 			    bool *need_dwarf)
183 {
184 	char **argv;
185 	int argc, i;
186 
187 	*need_dwarf = false;
188 
189 	argv = argv_split(str, &argc);
190 	if (!argv)
191 		die("argv_split failed.");
192 	if (argc > MAX_PROBE_ARGS + 1)
193 		semantic_error("Too many arguments");
194 
195 	/* Parse probe point */
196 	parse_perf_probe_probepoint(argv[0], pp);
197 	if (pp->file || pp->line)
198 		*need_dwarf = true;
199 
200 	/* Copy arguments and ensure return probe has no C argument */
201 	pp->nr_args = argc - 1;
202 	pp->args = zalloc(sizeof(char *) * pp->nr_args);
203 	for (i = 0; i < pp->nr_args; i++) {
204 		pp->args[i] = strdup(argv[i + 1]);
205 		if (!pp->args[i])
206 			die("Failed to copy argument.");
207 		if (is_c_varname(pp->args[i])) {
208 			if (pp->retprobe)
209 				semantic_error("You can't specify local"
210 						" variable for kretprobe");
211 			*need_dwarf = true;
212 		}
213 	}
214 
215 	argv_free(argv);
216 }
217 
218 /* Parse kprobe_events event into struct probe_point */
219 void parse_trace_kprobe_event(const char *str, struct probe_point *pp)
220 {
221 	char pr;
222 	char *p;
223 	int ret, i, argc;
224 	char **argv;
225 
226 	pr_debug("Parsing kprobe_events: %s\n", str);
227 	argv = argv_split(str, &argc);
228 	if (!argv)
229 		die("argv_split failed.");
230 	if (argc < 2)
231 		semantic_error("Too less arguments.");
232 
233 	/* Scan event and group name. */
234 	ret = sscanf(argv[0], "%c:%a[^/ \t]/%a[^ \t]",
235 		     &pr, (float *)(void *)&pp->group,
236 		     (float *)(void *)&pp->event);
237 	if (ret != 3)
238 		semantic_error("Failed to parse event name: %s", argv[0]);
239 	pr_debug("Group:%s Event:%s probe:%c\n", pp->group, pp->event, pr);
240 
241 	pp->retprobe = (pr == 'r');
242 
243 	/* Scan function name and offset */
244 	ret = sscanf(argv[1], "%a[^+]+%d", (float *)(void *)&pp->function,
245 		     &pp->offset);
246 	if (ret == 1)
247 		pp->offset = 0;
248 
249 	/* kprobe_events doesn't have this information */
250 	pp->line = 0;
251 	pp->file = NULL;
252 
253 	pp->nr_args = argc - 2;
254 	pp->args = zalloc(sizeof(char *) * pp->nr_args);
255 	for (i = 0; i < pp->nr_args; i++) {
256 		p = strchr(argv[i + 2], '=');
257 		if (p)	/* We don't need which register is assigned. */
258 			*p = '\0';
259 		pp->args[i] = strdup(argv[i + 2]);
260 		if (!pp->args[i])
261 			die("Failed to copy argument.");
262 	}
263 
264 	argv_free(argv);
265 }
266 
267 /* Synthesize only probe point (not argument) */
268 int synthesize_perf_probe_point(struct probe_point *pp)
269 {
270 	char *buf;
271 	char offs[64] = "", line[64] = "";
272 	int ret;
273 
274 	pp->probes[0] = buf = zalloc(MAX_CMDLEN);
275 	if (!buf)
276 		die("Failed to allocate memory by zalloc.");
277 	if (pp->offset) {
278 		ret = e_snprintf(offs, 64, "+%d", pp->offset);
279 		if (ret <= 0)
280 			goto error;
281 	}
282 	if (pp->line) {
283 		ret = e_snprintf(line, 64, ":%d", pp->line);
284 		if (ret <= 0)
285 			goto error;
286 	}
287 
288 	if (pp->function)
289 		ret = e_snprintf(buf, MAX_CMDLEN, "%s%s%s%s", pp->function,
290 				 offs, pp->retprobe ? "%return" : "", line);
291 	else
292 		ret = e_snprintf(buf, MAX_CMDLEN, "%s%s", pp->file, line);
293 	if (ret <= 0) {
294 error:
295 		free(pp->probes[0]);
296 		pp->probes[0] = NULL;
297 	}
298 	return ret;
299 }
300 
301 int synthesize_perf_probe_event(struct probe_point *pp)
302 {
303 	char *buf;
304 	int i, len, ret;
305 
306 	len = synthesize_perf_probe_point(pp);
307 	if (len < 0)
308 		return 0;
309 
310 	buf = pp->probes[0];
311 	for (i = 0; i < pp->nr_args; i++) {
312 		ret = e_snprintf(&buf[len], MAX_CMDLEN - len, " %s",
313 				 pp->args[i]);
314 		if (ret <= 0)
315 			goto error;
316 		len += ret;
317 	}
318 	pp->found = 1;
319 
320 	return pp->found;
321 error:
322 	free(pp->probes[0]);
323 	pp->probes[0] = NULL;
324 
325 	return ret;
326 }
327 
328 int synthesize_trace_kprobe_event(struct probe_point *pp)
329 {
330 	char *buf;
331 	int i, len, ret;
332 
333 	pp->probes[0] = buf = zalloc(MAX_CMDLEN);
334 	if (!buf)
335 		die("Failed to allocate memory by zalloc.");
336 	ret = e_snprintf(buf, MAX_CMDLEN, "%s+%d", pp->function, pp->offset);
337 	if (ret <= 0)
338 		goto error;
339 	len = ret;
340 
341 	for (i = 0; i < pp->nr_args; i++) {
342 		ret = e_snprintf(&buf[len], MAX_CMDLEN - len, " %s",
343 				 pp->args[i]);
344 		if (ret <= 0)
345 			goto error;
346 		len += ret;
347 	}
348 	pp->found = 1;
349 
350 	return pp->found;
351 error:
352 	free(pp->probes[0]);
353 	pp->probes[0] = NULL;
354 
355 	return ret;
356 }
357 
358 static int open_kprobe_events(int flags, int mode)
359 {
360 	char buf[PATH_MAX];
361 	int ret;
362 
363 	ret = e_snprintf(buf, PATH_MAX, "%s/../kprobe_events", debugfs_path);
364 	if (ret < 0)
365 		die("Failed to make kprobe_events path.");
366 
367 	ret = open(buf, flags, mode);
368 	if (ret < 0) {
369 		if (errno == ENOENT)
370 			die("kprobe_events file does not exist -"
371 			    " please rebuild with CONFIG_KPROBE_TRACER.");
372 		else
373 			die("Could not open kprobe_events file: %s",
374 			    strerror(errno));
375 	}
376 	return ret;
377 }
378 
379 /* Get raw string list of current kprobe_events */
380 static struct strlist *get_trace_kprobe_event_rawlist(int fd)
381 {
382 	int ret, idx;
383 	FILE *fp;
384 	char buf[MAX_CMDLEN];
385 	char *p;
386 	struct strlist *sl;
387 
388 	sl = strlist__new(true, NULL);
389 
390 	fp = fdopen(dup(fd), "r");
391 	while (!feof(fp)) {
392 		p = fgets(buf, MAX_CMDLEN, fp);
393 		if (!p)
394 			break;
395 
396 		idx = strlen(p) - 1;
397 		if (p[idx] == '\n')
398 			p[idx] = '\0';
399 		ret = strlist__add(sl, buf);
400 		if (ret < 0)
401 			die("strlist__add failed: %s", strerror(-ret));
402 	}
403 	fclose(fp);
404 
405 	return sl;
406 }
407 
408 /* Free and zero clear probe_point */
409 static void clear_probe_point(struct probe_point *pp)
410 {
411 	int i;
412 
413 	if (pp->event)
414 		free(pp->event);
415 	if (pp->group)
416 		free(pp->group);
417 	if (pp->function)
418 		free(pp->function);
419 	if (pp->file)
420 		free(pp->file);
421 	for (i = 0; i < pp->nr_args; i++)
422 		free(pp->args[i]);
423 	if (pp->args)
424 		free(pp->args);
425 	for (i = 0; i < pp->found; i++)
426 		free(pp->probes[i]);
427 	memset(pp, 0, sizeof(*pp));
428 }
429 
430 /* Show an event */
431 static void show_perf_probe_event(const char *event, const char *place,
432 				  struct probe_point *pp)
433 {
434 	int i, ret;
435 	char buf[128];
436 
437 	ret = e_snprintf(buf, 128, "%s:%s", pp->group, event);
438 	if (ret < 0)
439 		die("Failed to copy event: %s", strerror(-ret));
440 	printf("  %-40s (on %s", buf, place);
441 
442 	if (pp->nr_args > 0) {
443 		printf(" with");
444 		for (i = 0; i < pp->nr_args; i++)
445 			printf(" %s", pp->args[i]);
446 	}
447 	printf(")\n");
448 }
449 
450 /* List up current perf-probe events */
451 void show_perf_probe_events(void)
452 {
453 	int fd;
454 	struct probe_point pp;
455 	struct strlist *rawlist;
456 	struct str_node *ent;
457 
458 	fd = open_kprobe_events(O_RDONLY, 0);
459 	rawlist = get_trace_kprobe_event_rawlist(fd);
460 	close(fd);
461 
462 	strlist__for_each(ent, rawlist) {
463 		parse_trace_kprobe_event(ent->s, &pp);
464 		/* Synthesize only event probe point */
465 		synthesize_perf_probe_point(&pp);
466 		/* Show an event */
467 		show_perf_probe_event(pp.event, pp.probes[0], &pp);
468 		clear_probe_point(&pp);
469 	}
470 
471 	strlist__delete(rawlist);
472 }
473 
474 /* Get current perf-probe event names */
475 static struct strlist *get_perf_event_names(int fd, bool include_group)
476 {
477 	char buf[128];
478 	struct strlist *sl, *rawlist;
479 	struct str_node *ent;
480 	struct probe_point pp;
481 
482 	memset(&pp, 0, sizeof(pp));
483 	rawlist = get_trace_kprobe_event_rawlist(fd);
484 
485 	sl = strlist__new(true, NULL);
486 	strlist__for_each(ent, rawlist) {
487 		parse_trace_kprobe_event(ent->s, &pp);
488 		if (include_group) {
489 			if (e_snprintf(buf, 128, "%s:%s", pp.group,
490 				       pp.event) < 0)
491 				die("Failed to copy group:event name.");
492 			strlist__add(sl, buf);
493 		} else
494 			strlist__add(sl, pp.event);
495 		clear_probe_point(&pp);
496 	}
497 
498 	strlist__delete(rawlist);
499 
500 	return sl;
501 }
502 
503 static void write_trace_kprobe_event(int fd, const char *buf)
504 {
505 	int ret;
506 
507 	pr_debug("Writing event: %s\n", buf);
508 	ret = write(fd, buf, strlen(buf));
509 	if (ret <= 0)
510 		die("Failed to write event: %s", strerror(errno));
511 }
512 
513 static void get_new_event_name(char *buf, size_t len, const char *base,
514 			       struct strlist *namelist, bool allow_suffix)
515 {
516 	int i, ret;
517 
518 	/* Try no suffix */
519 	ret = e_snprintf(buf, len, "%s", base);
520 	if (ret < 0)
521 		die("snprintf() failed: %s", strerror(-ret));
522 	if (!strlist__has_entry(namelist, buf))
523 		return;
524 
525 	if (!allow_suffix) {
526 		pr_warning("Error: event \"%s\" already exists. "
527 			   "(Use -f to force duplicates.)\n", base);
528 		die("Can't add new event.");
529 	}
530 
531 	/* Try to add suffix */
532 	for (i = 1; i < MAX_EVENT_INDEX; i++) {
533 		ret = e_snprintf(buf, len, "%s_%d", base, i);
534 		if (ret < 0)
535 			die("snprintf() failed: %s", strerror(-ret));
536 		if (!strlist__has_entry(namelist, buf))
537 			break;
538 	}
539 	if (i == MAX_EVENT_INDEX)
540 		die("Too many events are on the same function.");
541 }
542 
543 void add_trace_kprobe_events(struct probe_point *probes, int nr_probes,
544 			     bool force_add)
545 {
546 	int i, j, fd;
547 	struct probe_point *pp;
548 	char buf[MAX_CMDLEN];
549 	char event[64];
550 	struct strlist *namelist;
551 	bool allow_suffix;
552 
553 	fd = open_kprobe_events(O_RDWR, O_APPEND);
554 	/* Get current event names */
555 	namelist = get_perf_event_names(fd, false);
556 
557 	for (j = 0; j < nr_probes; j++) {
558 		pp = probes + j;
559 		if (!pp->event)
560 			pp->event = strdup(pp->function);
561 		if (!pp->group)
562 			pp->group = strdup(PERFPROBE_GROUP);
563 		DIE_IF(!pp->event || !pp->group);
564 		/* If force_add is true, suffix search is allowed */
565 		allow_suffix = force_add;
566 		for (i = 0; i < pp->found; i++) {
567 			/* Get an unused new event name */
568 			get_new_event_name(event, 64, pp->event, namelist,
569 					   allow_suffix);
570 			snprintf(buf, MAX_CMDLEN, "%c:%s/%s %s\n",
571 				 pp->retprobe ? 'r' : 'p',
572 				 pp->group, event,
573 				 pp->probes[i]);
574 			write_trace_kprobe_event(fd, buf);
575 			printf("Added new event:\n");
576 			/* Get the first parameter (probe-point) */
577 			sscanf(pp->probes[i], "%s", buf);
578 			show_perf_probe_event(event, buf, pp);
579 			/* Add added event name to namelist */
580 			strlist__add(namelist, event);
581 			/*
582 			 * Probes after the first probe which comes from same
583 			 * user input are always allowed to add suffix, because
584 			 * there might be several addresses corresponding to
585 			 * one code line.
586 			 */
587 			allow_suffix = true;
588 		}
589 	}
590 	/* Show how to use the event. */
591 	printf("\nYou can now use it on all perf tools, such as:\n\n");
592 	printf("\tperf record -e %s:%s -a sleep 1\n\n", PERFPROBE_GROUP, event);
593 
594 	strlist__delete(namelist);
595 	close(fd);
596 }
597 
598 static void __del_trace_kprobe_event(int fd, struct str_node *ent)
599 {
600 	char *p;
601 	char buf[128];
602 
603 	/* Convert from perf-probe event to trace-kprobe event */
604 	if (e_snprintf(buf, 128, "-:%s", ent->s) < 0)
605 		die("Failed to copy event.");
606 	p = strchr(buf + 2, ':');
607 	if (!p)
608 		die("Internal error: %s should have ':' but not.", ent->s);
609 	*p = '/';
610 
611 	write_trace_kprobe_event(fd, buf);
612 	printf("Remove event: %s\n", ent->s);
613 }
614 
615 static void del_trace_kprobe_event(int fd, const char *group,
616 				   const char *event, struct strlist *namelist)
617 {
618 	char buf[128];
619 	struct str_node *ent, *n;
620 	int found = 0;
621 
622 	if (e_snprintf(buf, 128, "%s:%s", group, event) < 0)
623 		die("Failed to copy event.");
624 
625 	if (strpbrk(buf, "*?")) { /* Glob-exp */
626 		strlist__for_each_safe(ent, n, namelist)
627 			if (strglobmatch(ent->s, buf)) {
628 				found++;
629 				__del_trace_kprobe_event(fd, ent);
630 				strlist__remove(namelist, ent);
631 			}
632 	} else {
633 		ent = strlist__find(namelist, buf);
634 		if (ent) {
635 			found++;
636 			__del_trace_kprobe_event(fd, ent);
637 			strlist__remove(namelist, ent);
638 		}
639 	}
640 	if (found == 0)
641 		pr_info("Info: event \"%s\" does not exist, could not remove it.\n", buf);
642 }
643 
644 void del_trace_kprobe_events(struct strlist *dellist)
645 {
646 	int fd;
647 	const char *group, *event;
648 	char *p, *str;
649 	struct str_node *ent;
650 	struct strlist *namelist;
651 
652 	fd = open_kprobe_events(O_RDWR, O_APPEND);
653 	/* Get current event names */
654 	namelist = get_perf_event_names(fd, true);
655 
656 	strlist__for_each(ent, dellist) {
657 		str = strdup(ent->s);
658 		if (!str)
659 			die("Failed to copy event.");
660 		pr_debug("Parsing: %s\n", str);
661 		p = strchr(str, ':');
662 		if (p) {
663 			group = str;
664 			*p = '\0';
665 			event = p + 1;
666 		} else {
667 			group = "*";
668 			event = str;
669 		}
670 		pr_debug("Group: %s, Event: %s\n", group, event);
671 		del_trace_kprobe_event(fd, group, event, namelist);
672 		free(str);
673 	}
674 	strlist__delete(namelist);
675 	close(fd);
676 }
677 
678