xref: /linux/tools/perf/util/genelf.c (revision 4f77c3462308c62ffe7129cc18b9ac937f44b5a5)
1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
2 /*
3  * genelf.c
4  * Copyright (C) 2014, Google, Inc
5  *
6  * Contributed by:
7  * 	Stephane Eranian <eranian@gmail.com>
8  */
9 
10 #include <sys/types.h>
11 #include <stddef.h>
12 #include <libelf.h>
13 #include <string.h>
14 #include <stdlib.h>
15 #include <unistd.h>
16 #include <inttypes.h>
17 #include <fcntl.h>
18 #include <err.h>
19 #ifdef HAVE_DWARF_SUPPORT
20 #include <dwarf.h>
21 #endif
22 
23 #include "genelf.h"
24 #include "../util/jitdump.h"
25 #include <linux/compiler.h>
26 
27 #ifndef NT_GNU_BUILD_ID
28 #define NT_GNU_BUILD_ID 3
29 #endif
30 
31 #define BUILD_ID_URANDOM /* different uuid for each run */
32 
33 #ifdef HAVE_LIBCRYPTO_SUPPORT
34 
35 #define BUILD_ID_MD5
36 #undef BUILD_ID_SHA	/* does not seem to work well when linked with Java */
37 #undef BUILD_ID_URANDOM /* different uuid for each run */
38 
39 #ifdef BUILD_ID_SHA
40 #include <openssl/sha.h>
41 #endif
42 
43 #ifdef BUILD_ID_MD5
44 #include <openssl/evp.h>
45 #include <openssl/md5.h>
46 #endif
47 #endif
48 
49 
50 typedef struct {
51   unsigned int namesz;  /* Size of entry's owner string */
52   unsigned int descsz;  /* Size of the note descriptor */
53   unsigned int type;    /* Interpretation of the descriptor */
54   char         name[0]; /* Start of the name+desc data */
55 } Elf_Note;
56 
57 static char shd_string_table[] = {
58 	0,
59 	'.', 't', 'e', 'x', 't', 0,			/*  1 */
60 	'.', 's', 'h', 's', 't', 'r', 't', 'a', 'b', 0, /*  7 */
61 	'.', 's', 'y', 'm', 't', 'a', 'b', 0,		/* 17 */
62 	'.', 's', 't', 'r', 't', 'a', 'b', 0,		/* 25 */
63 	'.', 'n', 'o', 't', 'e', '.', 'g', 'n', 'u', '.', 'b', 'u', 'i', 'l', 'd', '-', 'i', 'd', 0, /* 33 */
64 	'.', 'd', 'e', 'b', 'u', 'g', '_', 'l', 'i', 'n', 'e', 0, /* 52 */
65 	'.', 'd', 'e', 'b', 'u', 'g', '_', 'i', 'n', 'f', 'o', 0, /* 64 */
66 	'.', 'd', 'e', 'b', 'u', 'g', '_', 'a', 'b', 'b', 'r', 'e', 'v', 0, /* 76 */
67 	'.', 'e', 'h', '_', 'f', 'r', 'a', 'm', 'e', '_', 'h', 'd', 'r', 0, /* 90 */
68 	'.', 'e', 'h', '_', 'f', 'r', 'a', 'm', 'e', 0, /* 104 */
69 };
70 
71 static struct buildid_note {
72 	Elf_Note desc;		/* descsz: size of build-id, must be multiple of 4 */
73 	char	 name[4];	/* GNU\0 */
74 	char	 build_id[20];
75 } bnote;
76 
77 static Elf_Sym symtab[]={
78 	/* symbol 0 MUST be the undefined symbol */
79 	{ .st_name  = 0, /* index in sym_string table */
80 	  .st_info  = ELF_ST_TYPE(STT_NOTYPE),
81 	  .st_shndx = 0, /* for now */
82 	  .st_value = 0x0,
83 	  .st_other = ELF_ST_VIS(STV_DEFAULT),
84 	  .st_size  = 0,
85 	},
86 	{ .st_name  = 1, /* index in sym_string table */
87 	  .st_info  = ELF_ST_BIND(STB_LOCAL) | ELF_ST_TYPE(STT_FUNC),
88 	  .st_shndx = 1,
89 	  .st_value = 0, /* for now */
90 	  .st_other = ELF_ST_VIS(STV_DEFAULT),
91 	  .st_size  = 0, /* for now */
92 	}
93 };
94 
95 #ifdef BUILD_ID_URANDOM
96 static void
97 gen_build_id(struct buildid_note *note,
98 	     unsigned long load_addr __maybe_unused,
99 	     const void *code __maybe_unused,
100 	     size_t csize __maybe_unused)
101 {
102 	int fd;
103 	size_t sz = sizeof(note->build_id);
104 	ssize_t sret;
105 
106 	fd = open("/dev/urandom", O_RDONLY);
107 	if (fd == -1)
108 		err(1, "cannot access /dev/urandom for buildid");
109 
110 	sret = read(fd, note->build_id, sz);
111 
112 	close(fd);
113 
114 	if (sret != (ssize_t)sz)
115 		memset(note->build_id, 0, sz);
116 }
117 #endif
118 
119 #ifdef BUILD_ID_SHA
120 static void
121 gen_build_id(struct buildid_note *note,
122 	     unsigned long load_addr __maybe_unused,
123 	     const void *code,
124 	     size_t csize)
125 {
126 	if (sizeof(note->build_id) < SHA_DIGEST_LENGTH)
127 		errx(1, "build_id too small for SHA1");
128 
129 	SHA1(code, csize, (unsigned char *)note->build_id);
130 }
131 #endif
132 
133 #ifdef BUILD_ID_MD5
134 static void
135 gen_build_id(struct buildid_note *note, unsigned long load_addr, const void *code, size_t csize)
136 {
137 	EVP_MD_CTX *mdctx;
138 
139 	if (sizeof(note->build_id) < 16)
140 		errx(1, "build_id too small for MD5");
141 
142 	mdctx = EVP_MD_CTX_new();
143 	if (!mdctx)
144 		errx(2, "failed to create EVP_MD_CTX");
145 
146 	EVP_DigestInit_ex(mdctx, EVP_md5(), NULL);
147 	EVP_DigestUpdate(mdctx, &load_addr, sizeof(load_addr));
148 	EVP_DigestUpdate(mdctx, code, csize);
149 	EVP_DigestFinal_ex(mdctx, (unsigned char *)note->build_id, NULL);
150 	EVP_MD_CTX_free(mdctx);
151 }
152 #endif
153 
154 static int
155 jit_add_eh_frame_info(Elf *e, void* unwinding, uint64_t unwinding_header_size,
156 		      uint64_t unwinding_size, uint64_t base_offset)
157 {
158 	Elf_Data *d;
159 	Elf_Scn *scn;
160 	Elf_Shdr *shdr;
161 	uint64_t unwinding_table_size = unwinding_size - unwinding_header_size;
162 
163 	/*
164 	 * setup eh_frame section
165 	 */
166 	scn = elf_newscn(e);
167 	if (!scn) {
168 		warnx("cannot create section");
169 		return -1;
170 	}
171 
172 	d = elf_newdata(scn);
173 	if (!d) {
174 		warnx("cannot get new data");
175 		return -1;
176 	}
177 
178 	d->d_align = 8;
179 	d->d_off = 0LL;
180 	d->d_buf = unwinding;
181 	d->d_type = ELF_T_BYTE;
182 	d->d_size = unwinding_table_size;
183 	d->d_version = EV_CURRENT;
184 
185 	shdr = elf_getshdr(scn);
186 	if (!shdr) {
187 		warnx("cannot get section header");
188 		return -1;
189 	}
190 
191 	shdr->sh_name = 104;
192 	shdr->sh_type = SHT_PROGBITS;
193 	shdr->sh_addr = base_offset;
194 	shdr->sh_flags = SHF_ALLOC;
195 	shdr->sh_entsize = 0;
196 
197 	/*
198 	 * setup eh_frame_hdr section
199 	 */
200 	scn = elf_newscn(e);
201 	if (!scn) {
202 		warnx("cannot create section");
203 		return -1;
204 	}
205 
206 	d = elf_newdata(scn);
207 	if (!d) {
208 		warnx("cannot get new data");
209 		return -1;
210 	}
211 
212 	d->d_align = 4;
213 	d->d_off = 0LL;
214 	d->d_buf = unwinding + unwinding_table_size;
215 	d->d_type = ELF_T_BYTE;
216 	d->d_size = unwinding_header_size;
217 	d->d_version = EV_CURRENT;
218 
219 	shdr = elf_getshdr(scn);
220 	if (!shdr) {
221 		warnx("cannot get section header");
222 		return -1;
223 	}
224 
225 	shdr->sh_name = 90;
226 	shdr->sh_type = SHT_PROGBITS;
227 	shdr->sh_addr = base_offset + unwinding_table_size;
228 	shdr->sh_flags = SHF_ALLOC;
229 	shdr->sh_entsize = 0;
230 
231 	return 0;
232 }
233 
234 /*
235  * fd: file descriptor open for writing for the output file
236  * load_addr: code load address (could be zero, just used for buildid)
237  * sym: function name (for native code - used as the symbol)
238  * code: the native code
239  * csize: the code size in bytes
240  */
241 int
242 jit_write_elf(int fd, uint64_t load_addr, const char *sym,
243 	      const void *code, int csize,
244 	      void *debug __maybe_unused, int nr_debug_entries __maybe_unused,
245 	      void *unwinding, uint64_t unwinding_header_size, uint64_t unwinding_size)
246 {
247 	Elf *e;
248 	Elf_Data *d;
249 	Elf_Scn *scn;
250 	Elf_Ehdr *ehdr;
251 	Elf_Phdr *phdr;
252 	Elf_Shdr *shdr;
253 	uint64_t eh_frame_base_offset;
254 	char *strsym = NULL;
255 	int symlen;
256 	int retval = -1;
257 
258 	if (elf_version(EV_CURRENT) == EV_NONE) {
259 		warnx("ELF initialization failed");
260 		return -1;
261 	}
262 
263 	e = elf_begin(fd, ELF_C_WRITE, NULL);
264 	if (!e) {
265 		warnx("elf_begin failed");
266 		goto error;
267 	}
268 
269 	/*
270 	 * setup ELF header
271 	 */
272 	ehdr = elf_newehdr(e);
273 	if (!ehdr) {
274 		warnx("cannot get ehdr");
275 		goto error;
276 	}
277 
278 	ehdr->e_ident[EI_DATA] = GEN_ELF_ENDIAN;
279 	ehdr->e_ident[EI_CLASS] = GEN_ELF_CLASS;
280 	ehdr->e_machine = GEN_ELF_ARCH;
281 	ehdr->e_type = ET_DYN;
282 	ehdr->e_entry = GEN_ELF_TEXT_OFFSET;
283 	ehdr->e_version = EV_CURRENT;
284 	ehdr->e_shstrndx= unwinding ? 4 : 2; /* shdr index for section name */
285 
286 	/*
287 	 * setup program header
288 	 */
289 	phdr = elf_newphdr(e, 1);
290 	phdr[0].p_type = PT_LOAD;
291 	phdr[0].p_offset = GEN_ELF_TEXT_OFFSET;
292 	phdr[0].p_vaddr = GEN_ELF_TEXT_OFFSET;
293 	phdr[0].p_paddr = GEN_ELF_TEXT_OFFSET;
294 	phdr[0].p_filesz = csize;
295 	phdr[0].p_memsz = csize;
296 	phdr[0].p_flags = PF_X | PF_R;
297 	phdr[0].p_align = 8;
298 
299 	/*
300 	 * setup text section
301 	 */
302 	scn = elf_newscn(e);
303 	if (!scn) {
304 		warnx("cannot create section");
305 		goto error;
306 	}
307 
308 	d = elf_newdata(scn);
309 	if (!d) {
310 		warnx("cannot get new data");
311 		goto error;
312 	}
313 
314 	d->d_align = 16;
315 	d->d_off = 0LL;
316 	d->d_buf = (void *)code;
317 	d->d_type = ELF_T_BYTE;
318 	d->d_size = csize;
319 	d->d_version = EV_CURRENT;
320 
321 	shdr = elf_getshdr(scn);
322 	if (!shdr) {
323 		warnx("cannot get section header");
324 		goto error;
325 	}
326 
327 	shdr->sh_name = 1;
328 	shdr->sh_type = SHT_PROGBITS;
329 	shdr->sh_addr = GEN_ELF_TEXT_OFFSET;
330 	shdr->sh_flags = SHF_EXECINSTR | SHF_ALLOC;
331 	shdr->sh_entsize = 0;
332 
333 	/*
334 	 * Setup .eh_frame_hdr and .eh_frame
335 	 */
336 	if (unwinding) {
337 		eh_frame_base_offset = ALIGN_8(GEN_ELF_TEXT_OFFSET + csize);
338 		retval = jit_add_eh_frame_info(e, unwinding,
339 					       unwinding_header_size, unwinding_size,
340 					       eh_frame_base_offset);
341 		if (retval)
342 			goto error;
343 		retval = -1;
344 	}
345 
346 	/*
347 	 * setup section headers string table
348 	 */
349 	scn = elf_newscn(e);
350 	if (!scn) {
351 		warnx("cannot create section");
352 		goto error;
353 	}
354 
355 	d = elf_newdata(scn);
356 	if (!d) {
357 		warnx("cannot get new data");
358 		goto error;
359 	}
360 
361 	d->d_align = 1;
362 	d->d_off = 0LL;
363 	d->d_buf = shd_string_table;
364 	d->d_type = ELF_T_BYTE;
365 	d->d_size = sizeof(shd_string_table);
366 	d->d_version = EV_CURRENT;
367 
368 	shdr = elf_getshdr(scn);
369 	if (!shdr) {
370 		warnx("cannot get section header");
371 		goto error;
372 	}
373 
374 	shdr->sh_name = 7; /* offset of '.shstrtab' in shd_string_table */
375 	shdr->sh_type = SHT_STRTAB;
376 	shdr->sh_flags = 0;
377 	shdr->sh_entsize = 0;
378 
379 	/*
380 	 * setup symtab section
381 	 */
382 	symtab[1].st_size  = csize;
383 	symtab[1].st_value = GEN_ELF_TEXT_OFFSET;
384 
385 	scn = elf_newscn(e);
386 	if (!scn) {
387 		warnx("cannot create section");
388 		goto error;
389 	}
390 
391 	d = elf_newdata(scn);
392 	if (!d) {
393 		warnx("cannot get new data");
394 		goto error;
395 	}
396 
397 	d->d_align = 8;
398 	d->d_off = 0LL;
399 	d->d_buf = symtab;
400 	d->d_type = ELF_T_SYM;
401 	d->d_size = sizeof(symtab);
402 	d->d_version = EV_CURRENT;
403 
404 	shdr = elf_getshdr(scn);
405 	if (!shdr) {
406 		warnx("cannot get section header");
407 		goto error;
408 	}
409 
410 	shdr->sh_name = 17; /* offset of '.symtab' in shd_string_table */
411 	shdr->sh_type = SHT_SYMTAB;
412 	shdr->sh_flags = 0;
413 	shdr->sh_entsize = sizeof(Elf_Sym);
414 	shdr->sh_link = unwinding ? 6 : 4; /* index of .strtab section */
415 
416 	/*
417 	 * setup symbols string table
418 	 * 2 = 1 for 0 in 1st entry, 1 for the 0 at end of symbol for 2nd entry
419 	 */
420 	symlen = 2 + strlen(sym);
421 	strsym = calloc(1, symlen);
422 	if (!strsym) {
423 		warnx("cannot allocate strsym");
424 		goto error;
425 	}
426 	strcpy(strsym + 1, sym);
427 
428 	scn = elf_newscn(e);
429 	if (!scn) {
430 		warnx("cannot create section");
431 		goto error;
432 	}
433 
434 	d = elf_newdata(scn);
435 	if (!d) {
436 		warnx("cannot get new data");
437 		goto error;
438 	}
439 
440 	d->d_align = 1;
441 	d->d_off = 0LL;
442 	d->d_buf = strsym;
443 	d->d_type = ELF_T_BYTE;
444 	d->d_size = symlen;
445 	d->d_version = EV_CURRENT;
446 
447 	shdr = elf_getshdr(scn);
448 	if (!shdr) {
449 		warnx("cannot get section header");
450 		goto error;
451 	}
452 
453 	shdr->sh_name = 25; /* offset in shd_string_table */
454 	shdr->sh_type = SHT_STRTAB;
455 	shdr->sh_flags = 0;
456 	shdr->sh_entsize = 0;
457 
458 	/*
459 	 * setup build-id section
460 	 */
461 	scn = elf_newscn(e);
462 	if (!scn) {
463 		warnx("cannot create section");
464 		goto error;
465 	}
466 
467 	d = elf_newdata(scn);
468 	if (!d) {
469 		warnx("cannot get new data");
470 		goto error;
471 	}
472 
473 	/*
474 	 * build-id generation
475 	 */
476 	gen_build_id(&bnote, load_addr, code, csize);
477 	bnote.desc.namesz = sizeof(bnote.name); /* must include 0 termination */
478 	bnote.desc.descsz = sizeof(bnote.build_id);
479 	bnote.desc.type   = NT_GNU_BUILD_ID;
480 	strcpy(bnote.name, "GNU");
481 
482 	d->d_align = 4;
483 	d->d_off = 0LL;
484 	d->d_buf = &bnote;
485 	d->d_type = ELF_T_BYTE;
486 	d->d_size = sizeof(bnote);
487 	d->d_version = EV_CURRENT;
488 
489 	shdr = elf_getshdr(scn);
490 	if (!shdr) {
491 		warnx("cannot get section header");
492 		goto error;
493 	}
494 
495 	shdr->sh_name = 33; /* offset in shd_string_table */
496 	shdr->sh_type = SHT_NOTE;
497 	shdr->sh_addr = 0x0;
498 	shdr->sh_flags = SHF_ALLOC;
499 	shdr->sh_size = sizeof(bnote);
500 	shdr->sh_entsize = 0;
501 
502 #ifdef HAVE_DWARF_SUPPORT
503 	if (debug && nr_debug_entries) {
504 		retval = jit_add_debug_info(e, load_addr, debug, nr_debug_entries);
505 		if (retval)
506 			goto error;
507 	} else
508 #endif
509 	{
510 		if (elf_update(e, ELF_C_WRITE) < 0) {
511 			warnx("elf_update 4 failed");
512 			goto error;
513 		}
514 	}
515 
516 	retval = 0;
517 error:
518 	(void)elf_end(e);
519 
520 	free(strsym);
521 
522 
523 	return retval;
524 }
525