xref: /linux/tools/perf/util/data-convert-json.c (revision bf4afc53b77aeaa48b5409da5c8da6bb4eff7f43)
1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
2 /*
3  * JSON export.
4  *
5  * Copyright (C) 2021, CodeWeavers Inc. <nfraser@codeweavers.com>
6  */
7 
8 #include "data-convert.h"
9 
10 #include <fcntl.h>
11 #include <inttypes.h>
12 #include <sys/stat.h>
13 #include <unistd.h>
14 
15 #include "linux/compiler.h"
16 #include "linux/err.h"
17 #include "util/auxtrace.h"
18 #include "util/debug.h"
19 #include "util/dso.h"
20 #include "util/event.h"
21 #include "util/evsel.h"
22 #include "util/evlist.h"
23 #include "util/header.h"
24 #include "util/map.h"
25 #include "util/session.h"
26 #include "util/symbol.h"
27 #include "util/thread.h"
28 #include "util/time-utils.h"
29 #include "util/tool.h"
30 
31 #ifdef HAVE_LIBTRACEEVENT
32 #include <event-parse.h>
33 #endif
34 
35 struct convert_json {
36 	struct perf_tool tool;
37 	FILE *out;
38 	bool first;
39 	struct perf_time_interval *ptime_range;
40 	int range_size;
41 	int range_num;
42 
43 	u64 events_count;
44 	u64 skipped;
45 };
46 
47 // Outputs a JSON-encoded string surrounded by quotes with characters escaped.
48 static void output_json_string(FILE *out, const char *s)
49 {
50 	fputc('"', out);
51 	if (!s)
52 		goto out;
53 
54 	while (*s) {
55 		switch (*s) {
56 
57 		// required escapes with special forms as per RFC 8259
58 		case '"':  fputs("\\\"", out); break;
59 		case '\\': fputs("\\\\", out); break;
60 		case '\b': fputs("\\b", out);  break;
61 		case '\f': fputs("\\f", out);  break;
62 		case '\n': fputs("\\n", out);  break;
63 		case '\r': fputs("\\r", out);  break;
64 		case '\t': fputs("\\t", out);  break;
65 
66 		default:
67 			// all other control characters must be escaped by hex code
68 			if (*s <= 0x1f)
69 				fprintf(out, "\\u%04x", *s);
70 			else
71 				fputc(*s, out);
72 			break;
73 		}
74 
75 		++s;
76 	}
77 out:
78 	fputc('"', out);
79 }
80 
81 // Outputs an optional comma, newline and indentation to delimit a new value
82 // from the previous one in a JSON object or array.
83 static void output_json_delimiters(FILE *out, bool comma, int depth)
84 {
85 	int i;
86 
87 	if (comma)
88 		fputc(',', out);
89 	fputc('\n', out);
90 	for (i = 0; i < depth; ++i)
91 		fputc('\t', out);
92 }
93 
94 // Outputs a printf format string (with delimiter) as a JSON value.
95 __printf(4, 5)
96 static void output_json_format(FILE *out, bool comma, int depth, const char *format, ...)
97 {
98 	va_list args;
99 
100 	output_json_delimiters(out, comma, depth);
101 	va_start(args, format);
102 	vfprintf(out,  format, args);
103 	va_end(args);
104 }
105 
106 // Outputs a JSON key-value pair where the value is a string.
107 static void output_json_key_string(FILE *out, bool comma, int depth,
108 		const char *key, const char *value)
109 {
110 	output_json_delimiters(out, comma, depth);
111 	output_json_string(out, key);
112 	fputs(": ", out);
113 	output_json_string(out, value);
114 }
115 
116 // Outputs a JSON key-value pair where the value is a printf format string.
117 __printf(5, 6)
118 static void output_json_key_format(FILE *out, bool comma, int depth,
119 		const char *key, const char *format, ...)
120 {
121 	va_list args;
122 
123 	output_json_delimiters(out, comma, depth);
124 	output_json_string(out, key);
125 	fputs(": ", out);
126 	va_start(args, format);
127 	vfprintf(out,  format, args);
128 	va_end(args);
129 }
130 
131 static void output_sample_callchain_entry(const struct perf_tool *tool,
132 		u64 ip, struct addr_location *al)
133 {
134 	struct convert_json *c = container_of(tool, struct convert_json, tool);
135 	FILE *out = c->out;
136 
137 	output_json_format(out, false, 4, "{");
138 	output_json_key_format(out, false, 5, "ip", "\"0x%" PRIx64 "\"", ip);
139 
140 	if (al && al->sym && al->sym->namelen) {
141 		struct dso *dso = al->map ? map__dso(al->map) : NULL;
142 
143 		fputc(',', out);
144 		output_json_key_string(out, false, 5, "symbol", al->sym->name);
145 
146 		if (dso) {
147 			const char *dso_name = dso__short_name(dso);
148 
149 			if (dso_name && strlen(dso_name) > 0) {
150 				fputc(',', out);
151 				output_json_key_string(out, false, 5, "dso", dso_name);
152 			}
153 		}
154 	}
155 
156 	output_json_format(out, false, 4, "}");
157 }
158 
159 static int process_sample_event(const struct perf_tool *tool,
160 				union perf_event *event __maybe_unused,
161 				struct perf_sample *sample,
162 				struct evsel *evsel __maybe_unused,
163 				struct machine *machine)
164 {
165 	struct convert_json *c = container_of(tool, struct convert_json, tool);
166 	FILE *out = c->out;
167 	struct addr_location al;
168 	u64 sample_type = __evlist__combined_sample_type(evsel->evlist);
169 	u8 cpumode = PERF_RECORD_MISC_USER;
170 
171 	addr_location__init(&al);
172 	if (machine__resolve(machine, &al, sample) < 0) {
173 		pr_err("Sample resolution failed!\n");
174 		addr_location__exit(&al);
175 		return -1;
176 	}
177 
178 	if (perf_time__ranges_skip_sample(c->ptime_range, c->range_num, sample->time)) {
179 		++c->skipped;
180 		return 0;
181 	}
182 
183 	++c->events_count;
184 
185 	if (c->first)
186 		c->first = false;
187 	else
188 		fputc(',', out);
189 	output_json_format(out, false, 2, "{");
190 
191 	output_json_key_format(out, false, 3, "timestamp", "%" PRIi64, sample->time);
192 	output_json_key_format(out, true, 3, "pid", "%i", thread__pid(al.thread));
193 	output_json_key_format(out, true, 3, "tid", "%i", thread__tid(al.thread));
194 
195 	if ((sample_type & PERF_SAMPLE_CPU))
196 		output_json_key_format(out, true, 3, "cpu", "%i", sample->cpu);
197 	else if (thread__cpu(al.thread) >= 0)
198 		output_json_key_format(out, true, 3, "cpu", "%i", thread__cpu(al.thread));
199 
200 	output_json_key_string(out, true, 3, "comm", thread__comm_str(al.thread));
201 
202 	output_json_key_format(out, true, 3, "callchain", "[");
203 	if (sample->callchain) {
204 		unsigned int i;
205 		bool ok;
206 		bool first_callchain = true;
207 
208 		for (i = 0; i < sample->callchain->nr; ++i) {
209 			u64 ip = sample->callchain->ips[i];
210 			struct addr_location tal;
211 
212 			if (ip >= PERF_CONTEXT_MAX) {
213 				switch (ip) {
214 				case PERF_CONTEXT_HV:
215 					cpumode = PERF_RECORD_MISC_HYPERVISOR;
216 					break;
217 				case PERF_CONTEXT_KERNEL:
218 					cpumode = PERF_RECORD_MISC_KERNEL;
219 					break;
220 				case PERF_CONTEXT_USER:
221 					cpumode = PERF_RECORD_MISC_USER;
222 					break;
223 				default:
224 					pr_debug("invalid callchain context: %"
225 							PRId64 "\n", (s64) ip);
226 					break;
227 				}
228 				continue;
229 			}
230 
231 			if (first_callchain)
232 				first_callchain = false;
233 			else
234 				fputc(',', out);
235 
236 			addr_location__init(&tal);
237 			ok = thread__find_symbol(al.thread, cpumode, ip, &tal);
238 			output_sample_callchain_entry(tool, ip, ok ? &tal : NULL);
239 			addr_location__exit(&tal);
240 		}
241 	} else {
242 		output_sample_callchain_entry(tool, sample->ip, &al);
243 	}
244 	output_json_format(out, false, 3, "]");
245 
246 #ifdef HAVE_LIBTRACEEVENT
247 	if (sample->raw_data) {
248 		struct tep_event *tp_format = evsel__tp_format(evsel);
249 		struct tep_format_field **fields = tp_format ? tep_event_fields(tp_format) : NULL;
250 
251 		if (fields) {
252 			int i = 0;
253 
254 			while (fields[i]) {
255 				struct trace_seq s;
256 
257 				trace_seq_init(&s);
258 				tep_print_field(&s, sample->raw_data, fields[i]);
259 				output_json_key_string(out, true, 3, fields[i]->name, s.buffer);
260 
261 				i++;
262 			}
263 			free(fields);
264 		}
265 	}
266 #endif
267 	output_json_format(out, false, 2, "}");
268 	addr_location__exit(&al);
269 	return 0;
270 }
271 
272 static void output_headers(struct perf_session *session, struct convert_json *c)
273 {
274 	struct stat st;
275 	const struct perf_header *header = &session->header;
276 	const struct perf_env *env = perf_session__env(session);
277 	int ret;
278 	int fd = perf_data__fd(session->data);
279 	int i;
280 	FILE *out = c->out;
281 
282 	output_json_key_format(out, false, 2, "header-version", "%u", header->version);
283 
284 	ret = fstat(fd, &st);
285 	if (ret >= 0) {
286 		time_t stctime = st.st_mtime;
287 		char buf[256];
288 
289 		strftime(buf, sizeof(buf), "%FT%TZ", gmtime(&stctime));
290 		output_json_key_string(out, true, 2, "captured-on", buf);
291 	} else {
292 		pr_debug("Failed to get mtime of source file, not writing captured-on");
293 	}
294 
295 	output_json_key_format(out, true, 2, "data-offset", "%" PRIu64, header->data_offset);
296 	output_json_key_format(out, true, 2, "data-size", "%" PRIu64, header->data_size);
297 	output_json_key_format(out, true, 2, "feat-offset", "%" PRIu64, header->feat_offset);
298 
299 	output_json_key_string(out, true, 2, "hostname", env->hostname);
300 	output_json_key_string(out, true, 2, "os-release", env->os_release);
301 	output_json_key_string(out, true, 2, "arch", env->arch);
302 
303 	if (env->cpu_desc)
304 		output_json_key_string(out, true, 2, "cpu-desc", env->cpu_desc);
305 
306 	output_json_key_string(out, true, 2, "cpuid", env->cpuid);
307 	output_json_key_format(out, true, 2, "nrcpus-online", "%u", env->nr_cpus_online);
308 	output_json_key_format(out, true, 2, "nrcpus-avail", "%u", env->nr_cpus_avail);
309 
310 	if (env->clock.enabled) {
311 		output_json_key_format(out, true, 2, "clockid",
312 				"%u", env->clock.clockid);
313 		output_json_key_format(out, true, 2, "clock-time",
314 				"%" PRIu64, env->clock.clockid_ns);
315 		output_json_key_format(out, true, 2, "real-time",
316 				"%" PRIu64, env->clock.tod_ns);
317 	}
318 
319 	output_json_key_string(out, true, 2, "perf-version", env->version);
320 
321 	output_json_key_format(out, true, 2, "cmdline", "[");
322 	for (i = 0; i < env->nr_cmdline; i++) {
323 		output_json_delimiters(out, i != 0, 3);
324 		output_json_string(c->out, env->cmdline_argv[i]);
325 	}
326 	output_json_format(out, false, 2, "]");
327 }
328 
329 static int process_feature_event(const struct perf_tool *tool __maybe_unused,
330 				 struct perf_session *session,
331 				 union perf_event *event)
332 {
333 	if (event->feat.feat_id < HEADER_LAST_FEATURE)
334 		return perf_event__process_feature(session, event);
335 
336 	return 0;
337 }
338 
339 int bt_convert__perf2json(const char *input_name, const char *output_name,
340 		struct perf_data_convert_opts *opts __maybe_unused)
341 {
342 	struct perf_session *session;
343 	int fd;
344 	int ret = -1;
345 	struct convert_json c = {
346 		.first = true,
347 		.events_count = 0,
348 		.ptime_range = NULL,
349 		.range_size = 0,
350 		.range_num = 0,
351 		.skipped = 0,
352 	};
353 	struct perf_data data = {
354 		.mode = PERF_DATA_MODE_READ,
355 		.path = input_name,
356 		.force = opts->force,
357 	};
358 
359 	perf_tool__init(&c.tool, /*ordered_events=*/true);
360 	c.tool.sample         = process_sample_event;
361 	c.tool.mmap           = perf_event__process_mmap;
362 	c.tool.mmap2          = perf_event__process_mmap2;
363 	c.tool.comm           = perf_event__process_comm;
364 	c.tool.namespaces     = perf_event__process_namespaces;
365 	c.tool.cgroup         = perf_event__process_cgroup;
366 	c.tool.exit           = perf_event__process_exit;
367 	c.tool.fork           = perf_event__process_fork;
368 	c.tool.lost           = perf_event__process_lost;
369 #ifdef HAVE_LIBTRACEEVENT
370 	c.tool.tracing_data   = perf_event__process_tracing_data;
371 #endif
372 	c.tool.build_id       = perf_event__process_build_id;
373 	c.tool.id_index       = perf_event__process_id_index;
374 	c.tool.auxtrace_info  = perf_event__process_auxtrace_info;
375 	c.tool.auxtrace       = perf_event__process_auxtrace;
376 	c.tool.event_update   = perf_event__process_event_update;
377 	c.tool.attr           = perf_event__process_attr;
378 	c.tool.feature        = process_feature_event;
379 	c.tool.ordering_requires_timestamps = true;
380 
381 	if (opts->all) {
382 		pr_err("--all is currently unsupported for JSON output.\n");
383 		goto err;
384 	}
385 	if (opts->tod) {
386 		pr_err("--tod is currently unsupported for JSON output.\n");
387 		goto err;
388 	}
389 
390 	fd = open(output_name, O_CREAT | O_WRONLY | (opts->force ? O_TRUNC : O_EXCL), 0666);
391 	if (fd == -1) {
392 		if (errno == EEXIST)
393 			pr_err("Output file exists. Use --force to overwrite it.\n");
394 		else
395 			pr_err("Error opening output file!\n");
396 		goto err;
397 	}
398 
399 	c.out = fdopen(fd, "w");
400 	if (!c.out) {
401 		fprintf(stderr, "Error opening output file!\n");
402 		close(fd);
403 		goto err;
404 	}
405 
406 	session = perf_session__new(&data, &c.tool);
407 	if (IS_ERR(session)) {
408 		fprintf(stderr, "Error creating perf session!\n");
409 		goto err_fclose;
410 	}
411 	if (symbol__init(perf_session__env(session)) < 0) {
412 		fprintf(stderr, "Symbol init error!\n");
413 		goto err_session_delete;
414 	}
415 
416 	if (opts->time_str) {
417 		ret = perf_time__parse_for_ranges(opts->time_str, session,
418 						  &c.ptime_range,
419 						  &c.range_size,
420 						  &c.range_num);
421 		if (ret < 0)
422 			goto err_session_delete;
423 	}
424 
425 	// The opening brace is printed manually because it isn't delimited from a
426 	// previous value (i.e. we don't want a leading newline)
427 	fputc('{', c.out);
428 
429 	// Version number for future-proofing. Most additions should be able to be
430 	// done in a backwards-compatible way so this should only need to be bumped
431 	// if some major breaking change must be made.
432 	output_json_format(c.out, false, 1, "\"linux-perf-json-version\": 1");
433 
434 	// Output headers
435 	output_json_format(c.out, true, 1, "\"headers\": {");
436 	output_headers(session, &c);
437 	output_json_format(c.out, false, 1, "}");
438 
439 	// Output samples
440 	output_json_format(c.out, true, 1, "\"samples\": [");
441 	perf_session__process_events(session);
442 	output_json_format(c.out, false, 1, "]");
443 	output_json_format(c.out, false, 0, "}");
444 	fputc('\n', c.out);
445 
446 	fprintf(stderr,	"[ perf data convert: Converted '%s' into JSON data '%s' ]\n",
447 		data.path, output_name);
448 
449 	fprintf(stderr,
450 		"[ perf data convert: Converted and wrote %.3f MB (%" PRIu64 " samples) ]\n",
451 		(ftell(c.out)) / 1024.0 / 1024.0, c.events_count);
452 
453 	if (c.skipped) {
454 		fprintf(stderr,	"[ perf data convert: Skipped %" PRIu64 " samples ]\n",
455 			c.skipped);
456 	}
457 
458 	ret = 0;
459 
460 	if (c.ptime_range)
461 		zfree(&c.ptime_range);
462 
463 err_session_delete:
464 	perf_session__delete(session);
465 err_fclose:
466 	fclose(c.out);
467 err:
468 	return ret;
469 }
470