xref: /linux/tools/perf/util/bpf_skel/lock_contention.bpf.c (revision 75265320d290c5f5891f16967b94883676c46705)
1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: (GPL-2.0-only OR BSD-2-Clause)
2 // Copyright (c) 2022 Google
3 #include "vmlinux.h"
4 #include <bpf/bpf_helpers.h>
5 #include <bpf/bpf_tracing.h>
6 #include <bpf/bpf_core_read.h>
7 #include <asm-generic/errno-base.h>
8 
9 #include "lock_data.h"
10 
11 /* for collect_lock_syms().  4096 was rejected by the verifier */
12 #define MAX_CPUS  1024
13 
14 /* lock contention flags from include/trace/events/lock.h */
15 #define LCB_F_SPIN	(1U << 0)
16 #define LCB_F_READ	(1U << 1)
17 #define LCB_F_WRITE	(1U << 2)
18 #define LCB_F_RT	(1U << 3)
19 #define LCB_F_PERCPU	(1U << 4)
20 #define LCB_F_MUTEX	(1U << 5)
21 
22 struct tstamp_data {
23 	__u64 timestamp;
24 	__u64 lock;
25 	__u32 flags;
26 	__s32 stack_id;
27 };
28 
29 /* callstack storage  */
30 struct {
31 	__uint(type, BPF_MAP_TYPE_STACK_TRACE);
32 	__uint(key_size, sizeof(__u32));
33 	__uint(value_size, sizeof(__u64));
34 	__uint(max_entries, MAX_ENTRIES);
35 } stacks SEC(".maps");
36 
37 /* maintain timestamp at the beginning of contention */
38 struct {
39 	__uint(type, BPF_MAP_TYPE_HASH);
40 	__type(key, int);
41 	__type(value, struct tstamp_data);
42 	__uint(max_entries, MAX_ENTRIES);
43 } tstamp SEC(".maps");
44 
45 /* maintain per-CPU timestamp at the beginning of contention */
46 struct {
47 	__uint(type, BPF_MAP_TYPE_PERCPU_ARRAY);
48 	__uint(key_size, sizeof(__u32));
49 	__uint(value_size, sizeof(struct tstamp_data));
50 	__uint(max_entries, 1);
51 } tstamp_cpu SEC(".maps");
52 
53 /* actual lock contention statistics */
54 struct {
55 	__uint(type, BPF_MAP_TYPE_HASH);
56 	__uint(key_size, sizeof(struct contention_key));
57 	__uint(value_size, sizeof(struct contention_data));
58 	__uint(max_entries, MAX_ENTRIES);
59 } lock_stat SEC(".maps");
60 
61 struct {
62 	__uint(type, BPF_MAP_TYPE_HASH);
63 	__uint(key_size, sizeof(__u32));
64 	__uint(value_size, sizeof(struct contention_task_data));
65 	__uint(max_entries, MAX_ENTRIES);
66 } task_data SEC(".maps");
67 
68 struct {
69 	__uint(type, BPF_MAP_TYPE_HASH);
70 	__uint(key_size, sizeof(__u64));
71 	__uint(value_size, sizeof(__u32));
72 	__uint(max_entries, MAX_ENTRIES);
73 } lock_syms SEC(".maps");
74 
75 struct {
76 	__uint(type, BPF_MAP_TYPE_HASH);
77 	__uint(key_size, sizeof(__u32));
78 	__uint(value_size, sizeof(__u8));
79 	__uint(max_entries, 1);
80 } cpu_filter SEC(".maps");
81 
82 struct {
83 	__uint(type, BPF_MAP_TYPE_HASH);
84 	__uint(key_size, sizeof(__u32));
85 	__uint(value_size, sizeof(__u8));
86 	__uint(max_entries, 1);
87 } task_filter SEC(".maps");
88 
89 struct {
90 	__uint(type, BPF_MAP_TYPE_HASH);
91 	__uint(key_size, sizeof(__u32));
92 	__uint(value_size, sizeof(__u8));
93 	__uint(max_entries, 1);
94 } type_filter SEC(".maps");
95 
96 struct {
97 	__uint(type, BPF_MAP_TYPE_HASH);
98 	__uint(key_size, sizeof(__u64));
99 	__uint(value_size, sizeof(__u8));
100 	__uint(max_entries, 1);
101 } addr_filter SEC(".maps");
102 
103 struct {
104 	__uint(type, BPF_MAP_TYPE_HASH);
105 	__uint(key_size, sizeof(__u64));
106 	__uint(value_size, sizeof(__u8));
107 	__uint(max_entries, 1);
108 } cgroup_filter SEC(".maps");
109 
110 struct rw_semaphore___old {
111 	struct task_struct *owner;
112 } __attribute__((preserve_access_index));
113 
114 struct rw_semaphore___new {
115 	atomic_long_t owner;
116 } __attribute__((preserve_access_index));
117 
118 struct mm_struct___old {
119 	struct rw_semaphore mmap_sem;
120 } __attribute__((preserve_access_index));
121 
122 struct mm_struct___new {
123 	struct rw_semaphore mmap_lock;
124 } __attribute__((preserve_access_index));
125 
126 /* control flags */
127 int enabled;
128 int has_cpu;
129 int has_task;
130 int has_type;
131 int has_addr;
132 int has_cgroup;
133 int needs_callstack;
134 int stack_skip;
135 int lock_owner;
136 
137 int use_cgroup_v2;
138 int perf_subsys_id = -1;
139 
140 /* determine the key of lock stat */
141 int aggr_mode;
142 
143 /* error stat */
144 int task_fail;
145 int stack_fail;
146 int time_fail;
147 int data_fail;
148 
149 int task_map_full;
150 int data_map_full;
151 
152 static inline __u64 get_current_cgroup_id(void)
153 {
154 	struct task_struct *task;
155 	struct cgroup *cgrp;
156 
157 	if (use_cgroup_v2)
158 		return bpf_get_current_cgroup_id();
159 
160 	task = bpf_get_current_task_btf();
161 
162 	if (perf_subsys_id == -1) {
163 #if __has_builtin(__builtin_preserve_enum_value)
164 		perf_subsys_id = bpf_core_enum_value(enum cgroup_subsys_id,
165 						     perf_event_cgrp_id);
166 #else
167 		perf_subsys_id = perf_event_cgrp_id;
168 #endif
169 	}
170 
171 	cgrp = BPF_CORE_READ(task, cgroups, subsys[perf_subsys_id], cgroup);
172 	return BPF_CORE_READ(cgrp, kn, id);
173 }
174 
175 static inline int can_record(u64 *ctx)
176 {
177 	if (has_cpu) {
178 		__u32 cpu = bpf_get_smp_processor_id();
179 		__u8 *ok;
180 
181 		ok = bpf_map_lookup_elem(&cpu_filter, &cpu);
182 		if (!ok)
183 			return 0;
184 	}
185 
186 	if (has_task) {
187 		__u8 *ok;
188 		__u32 pid = bpf_get_current_pid_tgid();
189 
190 		ok = bpf_map_lookup_elem(&task_filter, &pid);
191 		if (!ok)
192 			return 0;
193 	}
194 
195 	if (has_type) {
196 		__u8 *ok;
197 		__u32 flags = (__u32)ctx[1];
198 
199 		ok = bpf_map_lookup_elem(&type_filter, &flags);
200 		if (!ok)
201 			return 0;
202 	}
203 
204 	if (has_addr) {
205 		__u8 *ok;
206 		__u64 addr = ctx[0];
207 
208 		ok = bpf_map_lookup_elem(&addr_filter, &addr);
209 		if (!ok)
210 			return 0;
211 	}
212 
213 	if (has_cgroup) {
214 		__u8 *ok;
215 		__u64 cgrp = get_current_cgroup_id();
216 
217 		ok = bpf_map_lookup_elem(&cgroup_filter, &cgrp);
218 		if (!ok)
219 			return 0;
220 	}
221 
222 	return 1;
223 }
224 
225 static inline int update_task_data(struct task_struct *task)
226 {
227 	struct contention_task_data *p;
228 	int pid, err;
229 
230 	err = bpf_core_read(&pid, sizeof(pid), &task->pid);
231 	if (err)
232 		return -1;
233 
234 	p = bpf_map_lookup_elem(&task_data, &pid);
235 	if (p == NULL && !task_map_full) {
236 		struct contention_task_data data = {};
237 
238 		BPF_CORE_READ_STR_INTO(&data.comm, task, comm);
239 		if (bpf_map_update_elem(&task_data, &pid, &data, BPF_NOEXIST) == -E2BIG)
240 			task_map_full = 1;
241 	}
242 
243 	return 0;
244 }
245 
246 #ifndef __has_builtin
247 # define __has_builtin(x) 0
248 #endif
249 
250 static inline struct task_struct *get_lock_owner(__u64 lock, __u32 flags)
251 {
252 	struct task_struct *task;
253 	__u64 owner = 0;
254 
255 	if (flags & LCB_F_MUTEX) {
256 		struct mutex *mutex = (void *)lock;
257 		owner = BPF_CORE_READ(mutex, owner.counter);
258 	} else if (flags == LCB_F_READ || flags == LCB_F_WRITE) {
259 	/*
260 	 * Support for the BPF_TYPE_MATCHES argument to the
261 	 * __builtin_preserve_type_info builtin was added at some point during
262 	 * development of clang 15 and it's what is needed for
263 	 * bpf_core_type_matches.
264 	 */
265 #if __has_builtin(__builtin_preserve_type_info) && __clang_major__ >= 15
266 		if (bpf_core_type_matches(struct rw_semaphore___old)) {
267 			struct rw_semaphore___old *rwsem = (void *)lock;
268 			owner = (unsigned long)BPF_CORE_READ(rwsem, owner);
269 		} else if (bpf_core_type_matches(struct rw_semaphore___new)) {
270 			struct rw_semaphore___new *rwsem = (void *)lock;
271 			owner = BPF_CORE_READ(rwsem, owner.counter);
272 		}
273 #else
274 		/* assume new struct */
275 		struct rw_semaphore *rwsem = (void *)lock;
276 		owner = BPF_CORE_READ(rwsem, owner.counter);
277 #endif
278 	}
279 
280 	if (!owner)
281 		return NULL;
282 
283 	task = (void *)(owner & ~7UL);
284 	return task;
285 }
286 
287 static inline __u32 check_lock_type(__u64 lock, __u32 flags)
288 {
289 	struct task_struct *curr;
290 	struct mm_struct___old *mm_old;
291 	struct mm_struct___new *mm_new;
292 
293 	switch (flags) {
294 	case LCB_F_READ:  /* rwsem */
295 	case LCB_F_WRITE:
296 		curr = bpf_get_current_task_btf();
297 		if (curr->mm == NULL)
298 			break;
299 		mm_new = (void *)curr->mm;
300 		if (bpf_core_field_exists(mm_new->mmap_lock)) {
301 			if (&mm_new->mmap_lock == (void *)lock)
302 				return LCD_F_MMAP_LOCK;
303 			break;
304 		}
305 		mm_old = (void *)curr->mm;
306 		if (bpf_core_field_exists(mm_old->mmap_sem)) {
307 			if (&mm_old->mmap_sem == (void *)lock)
308 				return LCD_F_MMAP_LOCK;
309 		}
310 		break;
311 	case LCB_F_SPIN:  /* spinlock */
312 		curr = bpf_get_current_task_btf();
313 		if (&curr->sighand->siglock == (void *)lock)
314 			return LCD_F_SIGHAND_LOCK;
315 		break;
316 	default:
317 		break;
318 	}
319 	return 0;
320 }
321 
322 static inline struct tstamp_data *get_tstamp_elem(__u32 flags)
323 {
324 	__u32 pid;
325 	struct tstamp_data *pelem;
326 
327 	/* Use per-cpu array map for spinlock and rwlock */
328 	if (flags == (LCB_F_SPIN | LCB_F_READ) || flags == LCB_F_SPIN ||
329 	    flags == (LCB_F_SPIN | LCB_F_WRITE)) {
330 		__u32 idx = 0;
331 
332 		pelem = bpf_map_lookup_elem(&tstamp_cpu, &idx);
333 		/* Do not update the element for nested locks */
334 		if (pelem && pelem->lock)
335 			pelem = NULL;
336 		return pelem;
337 	}
338 
339 	pid = bpf_get_current_pid_tgid();
340 	pelem = bpf_map_lookup_elem(&tstamp, &pid);
341 	/* Do not update the element for nested locks */
342 	if (pelem && pelem->lock)
343 		return NULL;
344 
345 	if (pelem == NULL) {
346 		struct tstamp_data zero = {};
347 
348 		if (bpf_map_update_elem(&tstamp, &pid, &zero, BPF_NOEXIST) < 0) {
349 			__sync_fetch_and_add(&task_fail, 1);
350 			return NULL;
351 		}
352 
353 		pelem = bpf_map_lookup_elem(&tstamp, &pid);
354 		if (pelem == NULL) {
355 			__sync_fetch_and_add(&task_fail, 1);
356 			return NULL;
357 		}
358 	}
359 	return pelem;
360 }
361 
362 SEC("tp_btf/contention_begin")
363 int contention_begin(u64 *ctx)
364 {
365 	struct tstamp_data *pelem;
366 
367 	if (!enabled || !can_record(ctx))
368 		return 0;
369 
370 	pelem = get_tstamp_elem(ctx[1]);
371 	if (pelem == NULL)
372 		return 0;
373 
374 	pelem->timestamp = bpf_ktime_get_ns();
375 	pelem->lock = (__u64)ctx[0];
376 	pelem->flags = (__u32)ctx[1];
377 
378 	if (needs_callstack) {
379 		pelem->stack_id = bpf_get_stackid(ctx, &stacks,
380 						  BPF_F_FAST_STACK_CMP | stack_skip);
381 		if (pelem->stack_id < 0)
382 			__sync_fetch_and_add(&stack_fail, 1);
383 	} else if (aggr_mode == LOCK_AGGR_TASK) {
384 		struct task_struct *task;
385 
386 		if (lock_owner) {
387 			task = get_lock_owner(pelem->lock, pelem->flags);
388 
389 			/* The flags is not used anymore.  Pass the owner pid. */
390 			if (task)
391 				pelem->flags = BPF_CORE_READ(task, pid);
392 			else
393 				pelem->flags = -1U;
394 
395 		} else {
396 			task = bpf_get_current_task_btf();
397 		}
398 
399 		if (task) {
400 			if (update_task_data(task) < 0 && lock_owner)
401 				pelem->flags = -1U;
402 		}
403 	}
404 
405 	return 0;
406 }
407 
408 SEC("tp_btf/contention_end")
409 int contention_end(u64 *ctx)
410 {
411 	__u32 pid = 0, idx = 0;
412 	struct tstamp_data *pelem;
413 	struct contention_key key = {};
414 	struct contention_data *data;
415 	__u64 duration;
416 	bool need_delete = false;
417 
418 	if (!enabled)
419 		return 0;
420 
421 	/*
422 	 * For spinlock and rwlock, it needs to get the timestamp for the
423 	 * per-cpu map.  However, contention_end does not have the flags
424 	 * so it cannot know whether it reads percpu or hash map.
425 	 *
426 	 * Try per-cpu map first and check if there's active contention.
427 	 * If it is, do not read hash map because it cannot go to sleeping
428 	 * locks before releasing the spinning locks.
429 	 */
430 	pelem = bpf_map_lookup_elem(&tstamp_cpu, &idx);
431 	if (pelem && pelem->lock) {
432 		if (pelem->lock != ctx[0])
433 			return 0;
434 	} else {
435 		pid = bpf_get_current_pid_tgid();
436 		pelem = bpf_map_lookup_elem(&tstamp, &pid);
437 		if (!pelem || pelem->lock != ctx[0])
438 			return 0;
439 		need_delete = true;
440 	}
441 
442 	duration = bpf_ktime_get_ns() - pelem->timestamp;
443 	if ((__s64)duration < 0) {
444 		pelem->lock = 0;
445 		if (need_delete)
446 			bpf_map_delete_elem(&tstamp, &pid);
447 		__sync_fetch_and_add(&time_fail, 1);
448 		return 0;
449 	}
450 
451 	switch (aggr_mode) {
452 	case LOCK_AGGR_CALLER:
453 		key.stack_id = pelem->stack_id;
454 		break;
455 	case LOCK_AGGR_TASK:
456 		if (lock_owner)
457 			key.pid = pelem->flags;
458 		else {
459 			if (!need_delete)
460 				pid = bpf_get_current_pid_tgid();
461 			key.pid = pid;
462 		}
463 		if (needs_callstack)
464 			key.stack_id = pelem->stack_id;
465 		break;
466 	case LOCK_AGGR_ADDR:
467 		key.lock_addr_or_cgroup = pelem->lock;
468 		if (needs_callstack)
469 			key.stack_id = pelem->stack_id;
470 		break;
471 	case LOCK_AGGR_CGROUP:
472 		key.lock_addr_or_cgroup = get_current_cgroup_id();
473 		break;
474 	default:
475 		/* should not happen */
476 		return 0;
477 	}
478 
479 	data = bpf_map_lookup_elem(&lock_stat, &key);
480 	if (!data) {
481 		if (data_map_full) {
482 			pelem->lock = 0;
483 			if (need_delete)
484 				bpf_map_delete_elem(&tstamp, &pid);
485 			__sync_fetch_and_add(&data_fail, 1);
486 			return 0;
487 		}
488 
489 		struct contention_data first = {
490 			.total_time = duration,
491 			.max_time = duration,
492 			.min_time = duration,
493 			.count = 1,
494 			.flags = pelem->flags,
495 		};
496 		int err;
497 
498 		if (aggr_mode == LOCK_AGGR_ADDR)
499 			first.flags |= check_lock_type(pelem->lock, pelem->flags);
500 
501 		err = bpf_map_update_elem(&lock_stat, &key, &first, BPF_NOEXIST);
502 		if (err < 0) {
503 			if (err == -E2BIG)
504 				data_map_full = 1;
505 			__sync_fetch_and_add(&data_fail, 1);
506 		}
507 		pelem->lock = 0;
508 		if (need_delete)
509 			bpf_map_delete_elem(&tstamp, &pid);
510 		return 0;
511 	}
512 
513 	__sync_fetch_and_add(&data->total_time, duration);
514 	__sync_fetch_and_add(&data->count, 1);
515 
516 	/* FIXME: need atomic operations */
517 	if (data->max_time < duration)
518 		data->max_time = duration;
519 	if (data->min_time > duration)
520 		data->min_time = duration;
521 
522 	pelem->lock = 0;
523 	if (need_delete)
524 		bpf_map_delete_elem(&tstamp, &pid);
525 	return 0;
526 }
527 
528 extern struct rq runqueues __ksym;
529 
530 struct rq___old {
531 	raw_spinlock_t lock;
532 } __attribute__((preserve_access_index));
533 
534 struct rq___new {
535 	raw_spinlock_t __lock;
536 } __attribute__((preserve_access_index));
537 
538 SEC("raw_tp/bpf_test_finish")
539 int BPF_PROG(collect_lock_syms)
540 {
541 	__u64 lock_addr, lock_off;
542 	__u32 lock_flag;
543 
544 	if (bpf_core_field_exists(struct rq___new, __lock))
545 		lock_off = offsetof(struct rq___new, __lock);
546 	else
547 		lock_off = offsetof(struct rq___old, lock);
548 
549 	for (int i = 0; i < MAX_CPUS; i++) {
550 		struct rq *rq = bpf_per_cpu_ptr(&runqueues, i);
551 
552 		if (rq == NULL)
553 			break;
554 
555 		lock_addr = (__u64)(void *)rq + lock_off;
556 		lock_flag = LOCK_CLASS_RQLOCK;
557 		bpf_map_update_elem(&lock_syms, &lock_addr, &lock_flag, BPF_ANY);
558 	}
559 	return 0;
560 }
561 
562 char LICENSE[] SEC("license") = "Dual BSD/GPL";
563