xref: /linux/tools/perf/util/bpf_lock_contention.c (revision 4afdc00c378f34943fb3a3cc08db4babdacb5c5b)
1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
2 #include "util/cgroup.h"
3 #include "util/debug.h"
4 #include "util/evlist.h"
5 #include "util/machine.h"
6 #include "util/map.h"
7 #include "util/symbol.h"
8 #include "util/target.h"
9 #include "util/thread.h"
10 #include "util/thread_map.h"
11 #include "util/lock-contention.h"
12 #include <linux/zalloc.h>
13 #include <linux/string.h>
14 #include <bpf/bpf.h>
15 #include <inttypes.h>
16 
17 #include "bpf_skel/lock_contention.skel.h"
18 #include "bpf_skel/lock_data.h"
19 
20 static struct lock_contention_bpf *skel;
21 
22 int lock_contention_prepare(struct lock_contention *con)
23 {
24 	int i, fd;
25 	int ncpus = 1, ntasks = 1, ntypes = 1, naddrs = 1, ncgrps = 1;
26 	struct evlist *evlist = con->evlist;
27 	struct target *target = con->target;
28 
29 	skel = lock_contention_bpf__open();
30 	if (!skel) {
31 		pr_err("Failed to open lock-contention BPF skeleton\n");
32 		return -1;
33 	}
34 
35 	bpf_map__set_value_size(skel->maps.stacks, con->max_stack * sizeof(u64));
36 	bpf_map__set_max_entries(skel->maps.lock_stat, con->map_nr_entries);
37 	bpf_map__set_max_entries(skel->maps.tstamp, con->map_nr_entries);
38 
39 	if (con->aggr_mode == LOCK_AGGR_TASK)
40 		bpf_map__set_max_entries(skel->maps.task_data, con->map_nr_entries);
41 	else
42 		bpf_map__set_max_entries(skel->maps.task_data, 1);
43 
44 	if (con->save_callstack)
45 		bpf_map__set_max_entries(skel->maps.stacks, con->map_nr_entries);
46 	else
47 		bpf_map__set_max_entries(skel->maps.stacks, 1);
48 
49 	if (target__has_cpu(target)) {
50 		skel->rodata->has_cpu = 1;
51 		ncpus = perf_cpu_map__nr(evlist->core.user_requested_cpus);
52 	}
53 	if (target__has_task(target)) {
54 		skel->rodata->has_task = 1;
55 		ntasks = perf_thread_map__nr(evlist->core.threads);
56 	}
57 	if (con->filters->nr_types) {
58 		skel->rodata->has_type = 1;
59 		ntypes = con->filters->nr_types;
60 	}
61 	if (con->filters->nr_cgrps) {
62 		skel->rodata->has_cgroup = 1;
63 		ncgrps = con->filters->nr_cgrps;
64 	}
65 
66 	/* resolve lock name filters to addr */
67 	if (con->filters->nr_syms) {
68 		struct symbol *sym;
69 		struct map *kmap;
70 		unsigned long *addrs;
71 
72 		for (i = 0; i < con->filters->nr_syms; i++) {
73 			sym = machine__find_kernel_symbol_by_name(con->machine,
74 								  con->filters->syms[i],
75 								  &kmap);
76 			if (sym == NULL) {
77 				pr_warning("ignore unknown symbol: %s\n",
78 					   con->filters->syms[i]);
79 				continue;
80 			}
81 
82 			addrs = realloc(con->filters->addrs,
83 					(con->filters->nr_addrs + 1) * sizeof(*addrs));
84 			if (addrs == NULL) {
85 				pr_warning("memory allocation failure\n");
86 				continue;
87 			}
88 
89 			addrs[con->filters->nr_addrs++] = map__unmap_ip(kmap, sym->start);
90 			con->filters->addrs = addrs;
91 		}
92 		naddrs = con->filters->nr_addrs;
93 		skel->rodata->has_addr = 1;
94 	}
95 
96 	bpf_map__set_max_entries(skel->maps.cpu_filter, ncpus);
97 	bpf_map__set_max_entries(skel->maps.task_filter, ntasks);
98 	bpf_map__set_max_entries(skel->maps.type_filter, ntypes);
99 	bpf_map__set_max_entries(skel->maps.addr_filter, naddrs);
100 	bpf_map__set_max_entries(skel->maps.cgroup_filter, ncgrps);
101 
102 	skel->rodata->stack_skip = con->stack_skip;
103 	skel->rodata->aggr_mode = con->aggr_mode;
104 	skel->rodata->needs_callstack = con->save_callstack;
105 	skel->rodata->lock_owner = con->owner;
106 
107 	if (con->aggr_mode == LOCK_AGGR_CGROUP || con->filters->nr_cgrps) {
108 		if (cgroup_is_v2("perf_event"))
109 			skel->rodata->use_cgroup_v2 = 1;
110 	}
111 
112 	if (lock_contention_bpf__load(skel) < 0) {
113 		pr_err("Failed to load lock-contention BPF skeleton\n");
114 		return -1;
115 	}
116 
117 	if (target__has_cpu(target)) {
118 		u32 cpu;
119 		u8 val = 1;
120 
121 		fd = bpf_map__fd(skel->maps.cpu_filter);
122 
123 		for (i = 0; i < ncpus; i++) {
124 			cpu = perf_cpu_map__cpu(evlist->core.user_requested_cpus, i).cpu;
125 			bpf_map_update_elem(fd, &cpu, &val, BPF_ANY);
126 		}
127 	}
128 
129 	if (target__has_task(target)) {
130 		u32 pid;
131 		u8 val = 1;
132 
133 		fd = bpf_map__fd(skel->maps.task_filter);
134 
135 		for (i = 0; i < ntasks; i++) {
136 			pid = perf_thread_map__pid(evlist->core.threads, i);
137 			bpf_map_update_elem(fd, &pid, &val, BPF_ANY);
138 		}
139 	}
140 
141 	if (target__none(target) && evlist->workload.pid > 0) {
142 		u32 pid = evlist->workload.pid;
143 		u8 val = 1;
144 
145 		fd = bpf_map__fd(skel->maps.task_filter);
146 		bpf_map_update_elem(fd, &pid, &val, BPF_ANY);
147 	}
148 
149 	if (con->filters->nr_types) {
150 		u8 val = 1;
151 
152 		fd = bpf_map__fd(skel->maps.type_filter);
153 
154 		for (i = 0; i < con->filters->nr_types; i++)
155 			bpf_map_update_elem(fd, &con->filters->types[i], &val, BPF_ANY);
156 	}
157 
158 	if (con->filters->nr_addrs) {
159 		u8 val = 1;
160 
161 		fd = bpf_map__fd(skel->maps.addr_filter);
162 
163 		for (i = 0; i < con->filters->nr_addrs; i++)
164 			bpf_map_update_elem(fd, &con->filters->addrs[i], &val, BPF_ANY);
165 	}
166 
167 	if (con->filters->nr_cgrps) {
168 		u8 val = 1;
169 
170 		fd = bpf_map__fd(skel->maps.cgroup_filter);
171 
172 		for (i = 0; i < con->filters->nr_cgrps; i++)
173 			bpf_map_update_elem(fd, &con->filters->cgrps[i], &val, BPF_ANY);
174 	}
175 
176 	if (con->aggr_mode == LOCK_AGGR_CGROUP)
177 		read_all_cgroups(&con->cgroups);
178 
179 	bpf_program__set_autoload(skel->progs.collect_lock_syms, false);
180 
181 	lock_contention_bpf__attach(skel);
182 	return 0;
183 }
184 
185 /*
186  * Run the BPF program directly using BPF_PROG_TEST_RUN to update the end
187  * timestamp in ktime so that it can calculate delta easily.
188  */
189 static void mark_end_timestamp(void)
190 {
191 	DECLARE_LIBBPF_OPTS(bpf_test_run_opts, opts,
192 		.flags = BPF_F_TEST_RUN_ON_CPU,
193 	);
194 	int prog_fd = bpf_program__fd(skel->progs.end_timestamp);
195 
196 	bpf_prog_test_run_opts(prog_fd, &opts);
197 }
198 
199 static void update_lock_stat(int map_fd, int pid, u64 end_ts,
200 			     enum lock_aggr_mode aggr_mode,
201 			     struct tstamp_data *ts_data)
202 {
203 	u64 delta;
204 	struct contention_key stat_key = {};
205 	struct contention_data stat_data;
206 
207 	if (ts_data->timestamp >= end_ts)
208 		return;
209 
210 	delta = end_ts - ts_data->timestamp;
211 
212 	switch (aggr_mode) {
213 	case LOCK_AGGR_CALLER:
214 		stat_key.stack_id = ts_data->stack_id;
215 		break;
216 	case LOCK_AGGR_TASK:
217 		stat_key.pid = pid;
218 		break;
219 	case LOCK_AGGR_ADDR:
220 		stat_key.lock_addr_or_cgroup = ts_data->lock;
221 		break;
222 	case LOCK_AGGR_CGROUP:
223 		/* TODO */
224 		return;
225 	default:
226 		return;
227 	}
228 
229 	if (bpf_map_lookup_elem(map_fd, &stat_key, &stat_data) < 0)
230 		return;
231 
232 	stat_data.total_time += delta;
233 	stat_data.count++;
234 
235 	if (delta > stat_data.max_time)
236 		stat_data.max_time = delta;
237 	if (delta < stat_data.min_time)
238 		stat_data.min_time = delta;
239 
240 	bpf_map_update_elem(map_fd, &stat_key, &stat_data, BPF_EXIST);
241 }
242 
243 /*
244  * Account entries in the tstamp map (which didn't see the corresponding
245  * lock:contention_end tracepoint) using end_ts.
246  */
247 static void account_end_timestamp(struct lock_contention *con)
248 {
249 	int ts_fd, stat_fd;
250 	int *prev_key, key;
251 	u64 end_ts = skel->bss->end_ts;
252 	int total_cpus;
253 	enum lock_aggr_mode aggr_mode = con->aggr_mode;
254 	struct tstamp_data ts_data, *cpu_data;
255 
256 	/* Iterate per-task tstamp map (key = TID) */
257 	ts_fd = bpf_map__fd(skel->maps.tstamp);
258 	stat_fd = bpf_map__fd(skel->maps.lock_stat);
259 
260 	prev_key = NULL;
261 	while (!bpf_map_get_next_key(ts_fd, prev_key, &key)) {
262 		if (bpf_map_lookup_elem(ts_fd, &key, &ts_data) == 0) {
263 			int pid = key;
264 
265 			if (aggr_mode == LOCK_AGGR_TASK && con->owner)
266 				pid = ts_data.flags;
267 
268 			update_lock_stat(stat_fd, pid, end_ts, aggr_mode,
269 					 &ts_data);
270 		}
271 
272 		prev_key = &key;
273 	}
274 
275 	/* Now it'll check per-cpu tstamp map which doesn't have TID. */
276 	if (aggr_mode == LOCK_AGGR_TASK || aggr_mode == LOCK_AGGR_CGROUP)
277 		return;
278 
279 	total_cpus = cpu__max_cpu().cpu;
280 	ts_fd = bpf_map__fd(skel->maps.tstamp_cpu);
281 
282 	cpu_data = calloc(total_cpus, sizeof(*cpu_data));
283 	if (cpu_data == NULL)
284 		return;
285 
286 	prev_key = NULL;
287 	while (!bpf_map_get_next_key(ts_fd, prev_key, &key)) {
288 		if (bpf_map_lookup_elem(ts_fd, &key, cpu_data) < 0)
289 			goto next;
290 
291 		for (int i = 0; i < total_cpus; i++) {
292 			if (cpu_data[i].lock == 0)
293 				continue;
294 
295 			update_lock_stat(stat_fd, -1, end_ts, aggr_mode,
296 					 &cpu_data[i]);
297 		}
298 
299 next:
300 		prev_key = &key;
301 	}
302 	free(cpu_data);
303 }
304 
305 int lock_contention_start(void)
306 {
307 	skel->bss->enabled = 1;
308 	return 0;
309 }
310 
311 int lock_contention_stop(void)
312 {
313 	skel->bss->enabled = 0;
314 	mark_end_timestamp();
315 	return 0;
316 }
317 
318 static const char *lock_contention_get_name(struct lock_contention *con,
319 					    struct contention_key *key,
320 					    u64 *stack_trace, u32 flags)
321 {
322 	int idx = 0;
323 	u64 addr;
324 	const char *name = "";
325 	static char name_buf[KSYM_NAME_LEN];
326 	struct symbol *sym;
327 	struct map *kmap;
328 	struct machine *machine = con->machine;
329 
330 	if (con->aggr_mode == LOCK_AGGR_TASK) {
331 		struct contention_task_data task;
332 		int pid = key->pid;
333 		int task_fd = bpf_map__fd(skel->maps.task_data);
334 
335 		/* do not update idle comm which contains CPU number */
336 		if (pid) {
337 			struct thread *t = machine__findnew_thread(machine, /*pid=*/-1, pid);
338 
339 			if (t == NULL)
340 				return name;
341 			if (!bpf_map_lookup_elem(task_fd, &pid, &task) &&
342 			    thread__set_comm(t, task.comm, /*timestamp=*/0))
343 				name = task.comm;
344 		}
345 		return name;
346 	}
347 
348 	if (con->aggr_mode == LOCK_AGGR_ADDR) {
349 		int lock_fd = bpf_map__fd(skel->maps.lock_syms);
350 
351 		/* per-process locks set upper bits of the flags */
352 		if (flags & LCD_F_MMAP_LOCK)
353 			return "mmap_lock";
354 		if (flags & LCD_F_SIGHAND_LOCK)
355 			return "siglock";
356 
357 		/* global locks with symbols */
358 		sym = machine__find_kernel_symbol(machine, key->lock_addr_or_cgroup, &kmap);
359 		if (sym)
360 			return sym->name;
361 
362 		/* try semi-global locks collected separately */
363 		if (!bpf_map_lookup_elem(lock_fd, &key->lock_addr_or_cgroup, &flags)) {
364 			if (flags == LOCK_CLASS_RQLOCK)
365 				return "rq_lock";
366 		}
367 
368 		return "";
369 	}
370 
371 	if (con->aggr_mode == LOCK_AGGR_CGROUP) {
372 		u64 cgrp_id = key->lock_addr_or_cgroup;
373 		struct cgroup *cgrp = __cgroup__find(&con->cgroups, cgrp_id);
374 
375 		if (cgrp)
376 			return cgrp->name;
377 
378 		snprintf(name_buf, sizeof(name_buf), "cgroup:%" PRIu64 "", cgrp_id);
379 		return name_buf;
380 	}
381 
382 	/* LOCK_AGGR_CALLER: skip lock internal functions */
383 	while (machine__is_lock_function(machine, stack_trace[idx]) &&
384 	       idx < con->max_stack - 1)
385 		idx++;
386 
387 	addr = stack_trace[idx];
388 	sym = machine__find_kernel_symbol(machine, addr, &kmap);
389 
390 	if (sym) {
391 		unsigned long offset;
392 
393 		offset = map__map_ip(kmap, addr) - sym->start;
394 
395 		if (offset == 0)
396 			return sym->name;
397 
398 		snprintf(name_buf, sizeof(name_buf), "%s+%#lx", sym->name, offset);
399 	} else {
400 		snprintf(name_buf, sizeof(name_buf), "%#lx", (unsigned long)addr);
401 	}
402 
403 	return name_buf;
404 }
405 
406 int lock_contention_read(struct lock_contention *con)
407 {
408 	int fd, stack, err = 0;
409 	struct contention_key *prev_key, key = {};
410 	struct contention_data data = {};
411 	struct lock_stat *st = NULL;
412 	struct machine *machine = con->machine;
413 	u64 *stack_trace;
414 	size_t stack_size = con->max_stack * sizeof(*stack_trace);
415 
416 	fd = bpf_map__fd(skel->maps.lock_stat);
417 	stack = bpf_map__fd(skel->maps.stacks);
418 
419 	con->fails.task = skel->bss->task_fail;
420 	con->fails.stack = skel->bss->stack_fail;
421 	con->fails.time = skel->bss->time_fail;
422 	con->fails.data = skel->bss->data_fail;
423 
424 	stack_trace = zalloc(stack_size);
425 	if (stack_trace == NULL)
426 		return -1;
427 
428 	account_end_timestamp(con);
429 
430 	if (con->aggr_mode == LOCK_AGGR_TASK) {
431 		struct thread *idle = machine__findnew_thread(machine,
432 								/*pid=*/0,
433 								/*tid=*/0);
434 		thread__set_comm(idle, "swapper", /*timestamp=*/0);
435 	}
436 
437 	if (con->aggr_mode == LOCK_AGGR_ADDR) {
438 		DECLARE_LIBBPF_OPTS(bpf_test_run_opts, opts,
439 			.flags = BPF_F_TEST_RUN_ON_CPU,
440 		);
441 		int prog_fd = bpf_program__fd(skel->progs.collect_lock_syms);
442 
443 		bpf_prog_test_run_opts(prog_fd, &opts);
444 	}
445 
446 	/* make sure it loads the kernel map */
447 	maps__load_first(machine->kmaps);
448 
449 	prev_key = NULL;
450 	while (!bpf_map_get_next_key(fd, prev_key, &key)) {
451 		s64 ls_key;
452 		const char *name;
453 
454 		/* to handle errors in the loop body */
455 		err = -1;
456 
457 		bpf_map_lookup_elem(fd, &key, &data);
458 		if (con->save_callstack) {
459 			bpf_map_lookup_elem(stack, &key.stack_id, stack_trace);
460 
461 			if (!match_callstack_filter(machine, stack_trace)) {
462 				con->nr_filtered += data.count;
463 				goto next;
464 			}
465 		}
466 
467 		switch (con->aggr_mode) {
468 		case LOCK_AGGR_CALLER:
469 			ls_key = key.stack_id;
470 			break;
471 		case LOCK_AGGR_TASK:
472 			ls_key = key.pid;
473 			break;
474 		case LOCK_AGGR_ADDR:
475 		case LOCK_AGGR_CGROUP:
476 			ls_key = key.lock_addr_or_cgroup;
477 			break;
478 		default:
479 			goto next;
480 		}
481 
482 		st = lock_stat_find(ls_key);
483 		if (st != NULL) {
484 			st->wait_time_total += data.total_time;
485 			if (st->wait_time_max < data.max_time)
486 				st->wait_time_max = data.max_time;
487 			if (st->wait_time_min > data.min_time)
488 				st->wait_time_min = data.min_time;
489 
490 			st->nr_contended += data.count;
491 			if (st->nr_contended)
492 				st->avg_wait_time = st->wait_time_total / st->nr_contended;
493 			goto next;
494 		}
495 
496 		name = lock_contention_get_name(con, &key, stack_trace, data.flags);
497 		st = lock_stat_findnew(ls_key, name, data.flags);
498 		if (st == NULL)
499 			break;
500 
501 		st->nr_contended = data.count;
502 		st->wait_time_total = data.total_time;
503 		st->wait_time_max = data.max_time;
504 		st->wait_time_min = data.min_time;
505 
506 		if (data.count)
507 			st->avg_wait_time = data.total_time / data.count;
508 
509 		if (con->aggr_mode == LOCK_AGGR_CALLER && verbose > 0) {
510 			st->callstack = memdup(stack_trace, stack_size);
511 			if (st->callstack == NULL)
512 				break;
513 		}
514 
515 next:
516 		prev_key = &key;
517 
518 		/* we're fine now, reset the error */
519 		err = 0;
520 	}
521 
522 	free(stack_trace);
523 
524 	return err;
525 }
526 
527 int lock_contention_finish(struct lock_contention *con)
528 {
529 	if (skel) {
530 		skel->bss->enabled = 0;
531 		lock_contention_bpf__destroy(skel);
532 	}
533 
534 	while (!RB_EMPTY_ROOT(&con->cgroups)) {
535 		struct rb_node *node = rb_first(&con->cgroups);
536 		struct cgroup *cgrp = rb_entry(node, struct cgroup, node);
537 
538 		rb_erase(node, &con->cgroups);
539 		cgroup__put(cgrp);
540 	}
541 
542 	return 0;
543 }
544