xref: /linux/tools/perf/util/bpf_lock_contention.c (revision 249ebf3f65f8530beb2cbfb91bff1d83ba88d23c)
1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
2 #include "util/cgroup.h"
3 #include "util/debug.h"
4 #include "util/evlist.h"
5 #include "util/machine.h"
6 #include "util/map.h"
7 #include "util/symbol.h"
8 #include "util/target.h"
9 #include "util/thread.h"
10 #include "util/thread_map.h"
11 #include "util/lock-contention.h"
12 #include <linux/zalloc.h>
13 #include <linux/string.h>
14 #include <bpf/bpf.h>
15 #include <inttypes.h>
16 
17 #include "bpf_skel/lock_contention.skel.h"
18 #include "bpf_skel/lock_data.h"
19 
20 static struct lock_contention_bpf *skel;
21 
22 int lock_contention_prepare(struct lock_contention *con)
23 {
24 	int i, fd;
25 	int ncpus = 1, ntasks = 1, ntypes = 1, naddrs = 1, ncgrps = 1;
26 	struct evlist *evlist = con->evlist;
27 	struct target *target = con->target;
28 
29 	skel = lock_contention_bpf__open();
30 	if (!skel) {
31 		pr_err("Failed to open lock-contention BPF skeleton\n");
32 		return -1;
33 	}
34 
35 	bpf_map__set_value_size(skel->maps.stacks, con->max_stack * sizeof(u64));
36 	bpf_map__set_max_entries(skel->maps.lock_stat, con->map_nr_entries);
37 	bpf_map__set_max_entries(skel->maps.tstamp, con->map_nr_entries);
38 
39 	if (con->aggr_mode == LOCK_AGGR_TASK)
40 		bpf_map__set_max_entries(skel->maps.task_data, con->map_nr_entries);
41 	else
42 		bpf_map__set_max_entries(skel->maps.task_data, 1);
43 
44 	if (con->save_callstack)
45 		bpf_map__set_max_entries(skel->maps.stacks, con->map_nr_entries);
46 	else
47 		bpf_map__set_max_entries(skel->maps.stacks, 1);
48 
49 	if (target__has_cpu(target))
50 		ncpus = perf_cpu_map__nr(evlist->core.user_requested_cpus);
51 	if (target__has_task(target))
52 		ntasks = perf_thread_map__nr(evlist->core.threads);
53 	if (con->filters->nr_types)
54 		ntypes = con->filters->nr_types;
55 	if (con->filters->nr_cgrps)
56 		ncgrps = con->filters->nr_cgrps;
57 
58 	/* resolve lock name filters to addr */
59 	if (con->filters->nr_syms) {
60 		struct symbol *sym;
61 		struct map *kmap;
62 		unsigned long *addrs;
63 
64 		for (i = 0; i < con->filters->nr_syms; i++) {
65 			sym = machine__find_kernel_symbol_by_name(con->machine,
66 								  con->filters->syms[i],
67 								  &kmap);
68 			if (sym == NULL) {
69 				pr_warning("ignore unknown symbol: %s\n",
70 					   con->filters->syms[i]);
71 				continue;
72 			}
73 
74 			addrs = realloc(con->filters->addrs,
75 					(con->filters->nr_addrs + 1) * sizeof(*addrs));
76 			if (addrs == NULL) {
77 				pr_warning("memory allocation failure\n");
78 				continue;
79 			}
80 
81 			addrs[con->filters->nr_addrs++] = map__unmap_ip(kmap, sym->start);
82 			con->filters->addrs = addrs;
83 		}
84 		naddrs = con->filters->nr_addrs;
85 	}
86 
87 	bpf_map__set_max_entries(skel->maps.cpu_filter, ncpus);
88 	bpf_map__set_max_entries(skel->maps.task_filter, ntasks);
89 	bpf_map__set_max_entries(skel->maps.type_filter, ntypes);
90 	bpf_map__set_max_entries(skel->maps.addr_filter, naddrs);
91 	bpf_map__set_max_entries(skel->maps.cgroup_filter, ncgrps);
92 
93 	if (lock_contention_bpf__load(skel) < 0) {
94 		pr_err("Failed to load lock-contention BPF skeleton\n");
95 		return -1;
96 	}
97 
98 	if (target__has_cpu(target)) {
99 		u32 cpu;
100 		u8 val = 1;
101 
102 		skel->bss->has_cpu = 1;
103 		fd = bpf_map__fd(skel->maps.cpu_filter);
104 
105 		for (i = 0; i < ncpus; i++) {
106 			cpu = perf_cpu_map__cpu(evlist->core.user_requested_cpus, i).cpu;
107 			bpf_map_update_elem(fd, &cpu, &val, BPF_ANY);
108 		}
109 	}
110 
111 	if (target__has_task(target)) {
112 		u32 pid;
113 		u8 val = 1;
114 
115 		skel->bss->has_task = 1;
116 		fd = bpf_map__fd(skel->maps.task_filter);
117 
118 		for (i = 0; i < ntasks; i++) {
119 			pid = perf_thread_map__pid(evlist->core.threads, i);
120 			bpf_map_update_elem(fd, &pid, &val, BPF_ANY);
121 		}
122 	}
123 
124 	if (target__none(target) && evlist->workload.pid > 0) {
125 		u32 pid = evlist->workload.pid;
126 		u8 val = 1;
127 
128 		skel->bss->has_task = 1;
129 		fd = bpf_map__fd(skel->maps.task_filter);
130 		bpf_map_update_elem(fd, &pid, &val, BPF_ANY);
131 	}
132 
133 	if (con->filters->nr_types) {
134 		u8 val = 1;
135 
136 		skel->bss->has_type = 1;
137 		fd = bpf_map__fd(skel->maps.type_filter);
138 
139 		for (i = 0; i < con->filters->nr_types; i++)
140 			bpf_map_update_elem(fd, &con->filters->types[i], &val, BPF_ANY);
141 	}
142 
143 	if (con->filters->nr_addrs) {
144 		u8 val = 1;
145 
146 		skel->bss->has_addr = 1;
147 		fd = bpf_map__fd(skel->maps.addr_filter);
148 
149 		for (i = 0; i < con->filters->nr_addrs; i++)
150 			bpf_map_update_elem(fd, &con->filters->addrs[i], &val, BPF_ANY);
151 	}
152 
153 	if (con->filters->nr_cgrps) {
154 		u8 val = 1;
155 
156 		skel->bss->has_cgroup = 1;
157 		fd = bpf_map__fd(skel->maps.cgroup_filter);
158 
159 		for (i = 0; i < con->filters->nr_cgrps; i++)
160 			bpf_map_update_elem(fd, &con->filters->cgrps[i], &val, BPF_ANY);
161 	}
162 
163 	/* these don't work well if in the rodata section */
164 	skel->bss->stack_skip = con->stack_skip;
165 	skel->bss->aggr_mode = con->aggr_mode;
166 	skel->bss->needs_callstack = con->save_callstack;
167 	skel->bss->lock_owner = con->owner;
168 
169 	if (con->aggr_mode == LOCK_AGGR_CGROUP) {
170 		if (cgroup_is_v2("perf_event"))
171 			skel->bss->use_cgroup_v2 = 1;
172 
173 		read_all_cgroups(&con->cgroups);
174 	}
175 
176 	bpf_program__set_autoload(skel->progs.collect_lock_syms, false);
177 
178 	lock_contention_bpf__attach(skel);
179 	return 0;
180 }
181 
182 /*
183  * Run the BPF program directly using BPF_PROG_TEST_RUN to update the end
184  * timestamp in ktime so that it can calculate delta easily.
185  */
186 static void mark_end_timestamp(void)
187 {
188 	DECLARE_LIBBPF_OPTS(bpf_test_run_opts, opts,
189 		.flags = BPF_F_TEST_RUN_ON_CPU,
190 	);
191 	int prog_fd = bpf_program__fd(skel->progs.end_timestamp);
192 
193 	bpf_prog_test_run_opts(prog_fd, &opts);
194 }
195 
196 static void update_lock_stat(int map_fd, int pid, u64 end_ts,
197 			     enum lock_aggr_mode aggr_mode,
198 			     struct tstamp_data *ts_data)
199 {
200 	u64 delta;
201 	struct contention_key stat_key = {};
202 	struct contention_data stat_data;
203 
204 	if (ts_data->timestamp >= end_ts)
205 		return;
206 
207 	delta = end_ts - ts_data->timestamp;
208 
209 	switch (aggr_mode) {
210 	case LOCK_AGGR_CALLER:
211 		stat_key.stack_id = ts_data->stack_id;
212 		break;
213 	case LOCK_AGGR_TASK:
214 		stat_key.pid = pid;
215 		break;
216 	case LOCK_AGGR_ADDR:
217 		stat_key.lock_addr_or_cgroup = ts_data->lock;
218 		break;
219 	case LOCK_AGGR_CGROUP:
220 		/* TODO */
221 		return;
222 	default:
223 		return;
224 	}
225 
226 	if (bpf_map_lookup_elem(map_fd, &stat_key, &stat_data) < 0)
227 		return;
228 
229 	stat_data.total_time += delta;
230 	stat_data.count++;
231 
232 	if (delta > stat_data.max_time)
233 		stat_data.max_time = delta;
234 	if (delta < stat_data.min_time)
235 		stat_data.min_time = delta;
236 
237 	bpf_map_update_elem(map_fd, &stat_key, &stat_data, BPF_EXIST);
238 }
239 
240 /*
241  * Account entries in the tstamp map (which didn't see the corresponding
242  * lock:contention_end tracepoint) using end_ts.
243  */
244 static void account_end_timestamp(struct lock_contention *con)
245 {
246 	int ts_fd, stat_fd;
247 	int *prev_key, key;
248 	u64 end_ts = skel->bss->end_ts;
249 	int total_cpus;
250 	enum lock_aggr_mode aggr_mode = con->aggr_mode;
251 	struct tstamp_data ts_data, *cpu_data;
252 
253 	/* Iterate per-task tstamp map (key = TID) */
254 	ts_fd = bpf_map__fd(skel->maps.tstamp);
255 	stat_fd = bpf_map__fd(skel->maps.lock_stat);
256 
257 	prev_key = NULL;
258 	while (!bpf_map_get_next_key(ts_fd, prev_key, &key)) {
259 		if (bpf_map_lookup_elem(ts_fd, &key, &ts_data) == 0) {
260 			int pid = key;
261 
262 			if (aggr_mode == LOCK_AGGR_TASK && con->owner)
263 				pid = ts_data.flags;
264 
265 			update_lock_stat(stat_fd, pid, end_ts, aggr_mode,
266 					 &ts_data);
267 		}
268 
269 		prev_key = &key;
270 	}
271 
272 	/* Now it'll check per-cpu tstamp map which doesn't have TID. */
273 	if (aggr_mode == LOCK_AGGR_TASK || aggr_mode == LOCK_AGGR_CGROUP)
274 		return;
275 
276 	total_cpus = cpu__max_cpu().cpu;
277 	ts_fd = bpf_map__fd(skel->maps.tstamp_cpu);
278 
279 	cpu_data = calloc(total_cpus, sizeof(*cpu_data));
280 	if (cpu_data == NULL)
281 		return;
282 
283 	prev_key = NULL;
284 	while (!bpf_map_get_next_key(ts_fd, prev_key, &key)) {
285 		if (bpf_map_lookup_elem(ts_fd, &key, cpu_data) < 0)
286 			goto next;
287 
288 		for (int i = 0; i < total_cpus; i++) {
289 			update_lock_stat(stat_fd, -1, end_ts, aggr_mode,
290 					 &cpu_data[i]);
291 		}
292 
293 next:
294 		prev_key = &key;
295 	}
296 	free(cpu_data);
297 }
298 
299 int lock_contention_start(void)
300 {
301 	skel->bss->enabled = 1;
302 	return 0;
303 }
304 
305 int lock_contention_stop(void)
306 {
307 	skel->bss->enabled = 0;
308 	mark_end_timestamp();
309 	return 0;
310 }
311 
312 static const char *lock_contention_get_name(struct lock_contention *con,
313 					    struct contention_key *key,
314 					    u64 *stack_trace, u32 flags)
315 {
316 	int idx = 0;
317 	u64 addr;
318 	const char *name = "";
319 	static char name_buf[KSYM_NAME_LEN];
320 	struct symbol *sym;
321 	struct map *kmap;
322 	struct machine *machine = con->machine;
323 
324 	if (con->aggr_mode == LOCK_AGGR_TASK) {
325 		struct contention_task_data task;
326 		int pid = key->pid;
327 		int task_fd = bpf_map__fd(skel->maps.task_data);
328 
329 		/* do not update idle comm which contains CPU number */
330 		if (pid) {
331 			struct thread *t = machine__findnew_thread(machine, /*pid=*/-1, pid);
332 
333 			if (t == NULL)
334 				return name;
335 			if (!bpf_map_lookup_elem(task_fd, &pid, &task) &&
336 			    thread__set_comm(t, task.comm, /*timestamp=*/0))
337 				name = task.comm;
338 		}
339 		return name;
340 	}
341 
342 	if (con->aggr_mode == LOCK_AGGR_ADDR) {
343 		int lock_fd = bpf_map__fd(skel->maps.lock_syms);
344 
345 		/* per-process locks set upper bits of the flags */
346 		if (flags & LCD_F_MMAP_LOCK)
347 			return "mmap_lock";
348 		if (flags & LCD_F_SIGHAND_LOCK)
349 			return "siglock";
350 
351 		/* global locks with symbols */
352 		sym = machine__find_kernel_symbol(machine, key->lock_addr_or_cgroup, &kmap);
353 		if (sym)
354 			return sym->name;
355 
356 		/* try semi-global locks collected separately */
357 		if (!bpf_map_lookup_elem(lock_fd, &key->lock_addr_or_cgroup, &flags)) {
358 			if (flags == LOCK_CLASS_RQLOCK)
359 				return "rq_lock";
360 		}
361 
362 		return "";
363 	}
364 
365 	if (con->aggr_mode == LOCK_AGGR_CGROUP) {
366 		u64 cgrp_id = key->lock_addr_or_cgroup;
367 		struct cgroup *cgrp = __cgroup__find(&con->cgroups, cgrp_id);
368 
369 		if (cgrp)
370 			return cgrp->name;
371 
372 		snprintf(name_buf, sizeof(name_buf), "cgroup:%" PRIu64 "", cgrp_id);
373 		return name_buf;
374 	}
375 
376 	/* LOCK_AGGR_CALLER: skip lock internal functions */
377 	while (machine__is_lock_function(machine, stack_trace[idx]) &&
378 	       idx < con->max_stack - 1)
379 		idx++;
380 
381 	addr = stack_trace[idx];
382 	sym = machine__find_kernel_symbol(machine, addr, &kmap);
383 
384 	if (sym) {
385 		unsigned long offset;
386 
387 		offset = map__map_ip(kmap, addr) - sym->start;
388 
389 		if (offset == 0)
390 			return sym->name;
391 
392 		snprintf(name_buf, sizeof(name_buf), "%s+%#lx", sym->name, offset);
393 	} else {
394 		snprintf(name_buf, sizeof(name_buf), "%#lx", (unsigned long)addr);
395 	}
396 
397 	return name_buf;
398 }
399 
400 int lock_contention_read(struct lock_contention *con)
401 {
402 	int fd, stack, err = 0;
403 	struct contention_key *prev_key, key = {};
404 	struct contention_data data = {};
405 	struct lock_stat *st = NULL;
406 	struct machine *machine = con->machine;
407 	u64 *stack_trace;
408 	size_t stack_size = con->max_stack * sizeof(*stack_trace);
409 
410 	fd = bpf_map__fd(skel->maps.lock_stat);
411 	stack = bpf_map__fd(skel->maps.stacks);
412 
413 	con->fails.task = skel->bss->task_fail;
414 	con->fails.stack = skel->bss->stack_fail;
415 	con->fails.time = skel->bss->time_fail;
416 	con->fails.data = skel->bss->data_fail;
417 
418 	stack_trace = zalloc(stack_size);
419 	if (stack_trace == NULL)
420 		return -1;
421 
422 	account_end_timestamp(con);
423 
424 	if (con->aggr_mode == LOCK_AGGR_TASK) {
425 		struct thread *idle = machine__findnew_thread(machine,
426 								/*pid=*/0,
427 								/*tid=*/0);
428 		thread__set_comm(idle, "swapper", /*timestamp=*/0);
429 	}
430 
431 	if (con->aggr_mode == LOCK_AGGR_ADDR) {
432 		DECLARE_LIBBPF_OPTS(bpf_test_run_opts, opts,
433 			.flags = BPF_F_TEST_RUN_ON_CPU,
434 		);
435 		int prog_fd = bpf_program__fd(skel->progs.collect_lock_syms);
436 
437 		bpf_prog_test_run_opts(prog_fd, &opts);
438 	}
439 
440 	/* make sure it loads the kernel map */
441 	maps__load_first(machine->kmaps);
442 
443 	prev_key = NULL;
444 	while (!bpf_map_get_next_key(fd, prev_key, &key)) {
445 		s64 ls_key;
446 		const char *name;
447 
448 		/* to handle errors in the loop body */
449 		err = -1;
450 
451 		bpf_map_lookup_elem(fd, &key, &data);
452 		if (con->save_callstack) {
453 			bpf_map_lookup_elem(stack, &key.stack_id, stack_trace);
454 
455 			if (!match_callstack_filter(machine, stack_trace)) {
456 				con->nr_filtered += data.count;
457 				goto next;
458 			}
459 		}
460 
461 		switch (con->aggr_mode) {
462 		case LOCK_AGGR_CALLER:
463 			ls_key = key.stack_id;
464 			break;
465 		case LOCK_AGGR_TASK:
466 			ls_key = key.pid;
467 			break;
468 		case LOCK_AGGR_ADDR:
469 		case LOCK_AGGR_CGROUP:
470 			ls_key = key.lock_addr_or_cgroup;
471 			break;
472 		default:
473 			goto next;
474 		}
475 
476 		st = lock_stat_find(ls_key);
477 		if (st != NULL) {
478 			st->wait_time_total += data.total_time;
479 			if (st->wait_time_max < data.max_time)
480 				st->wait_time_max = data.max_time;
481 			if (st->wait_time_min > data.min_time)
482 				st->wait_time_min = data.min_time;
483 
484 			st->nr_contended += data.count;
485 			if (st->nr_contended)
486 				st->avg_wait_time = st->wait_time_total / st->nr_contended;
487 			goto next;
488 		}
489 
490 		name = lock_contention_get_name(con, &key, stack_trace, data.flags);
491 		st = lock_stat_findnew(ls_key, name, data.flags);
492 		if (st == NULL)
493 			break;
494 
495 		st->nr_contended = data.count;
496 		st->wait_time_total = data.total_time;
497 		st->wait_time_max = data.max_time;
498 		st->wait_time_min = data.min_time;
499 
500 		if (data.count)
501 			st->avg_wait_time = data.total_time / data.count;
502 
503 		if (con->aggr_mode == LOCK_AGGR_CALLER && verbose > 0) {
504 			st->callstack = memdup(stack_trace, stack_size);
505 			if (st->callstack == NULL)
506 				break;
507 		}
508 
509 next:
510 		prev_key = &key;
511 
512 		/* we're fine now, reset the error */
513 		err = 0;
514 	}
515 
516 	free(stack_trace);
517 
518 	return err;
519 }
520 
521 int lock_contention_finish(struct lock_contention *con)
522 {
523 	if (skel) {
524 		skel->bss->enabled = 0;
525 		lock_contention_bpf__destroy(skel);
526 	}
527 
528 	while (!RB_EMPTY_ROOT(&con->cgroups)) {
529 		struct rb_node *node = rb_first(&con->cgroups);
530 		struct cgroup *cgrp = rb_entry(node, struct cgroup, node);
531 
532 		rb_erase(node, &con->cgroups);
533 		cgroup__put(cgrp);
534 	}
535 
536 	return 0;
537 }
538