xref: /linux/tools/perf/scripts/python/export-to-postgresql.py (revision fe34c89d25429e079ba67416529514120dd715f8)
1 # export-to-postgresql.py: export perf data to a postgresql database
2 # Copyright (c) 2014, Intel Corporation.
3 #
4 # This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
5 # under the terms and conditions of the GNU General Public License,
6 # version 2, as published by the Free Software Foundation.
7 #
8 # This program is distributed in the hope it will be useful, but WITHOUT
9 # ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
10 # FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for
11 # more details.
12 
13 from __future__ import print_function
14 
15 import os
16 import sys
17 import struct
18 import datetime
19 
20 # To use this script you will need to have installed package python-pyside which
21 # provides LGPL-licensed Python bindings for Qt.  You will also need the package
22 # libqt4-sql-psql for Qt postgresql support.
23 #
24 # The script assumes postgresql is running on the local machine and that the
25 # user has postgresql permissions to create databases. Examples of installing
26 # postgresql and adding such a user are:
27 #
28 # fedora:
29 #
30 #	$ sudo yum install postgresql postgresql-server qt-postgresql
31 #	$ sudo su - postgres -c initdb
32 #	$ sudo service postgresql start
33 #	$ sudo su - postgres
34 #	$ createuser -s <your user id here>    # Older versions may not support -s, in which case answer the prompt below:
35 #	Shall the new role be a superuser? (y/n) y
36 #	$ sudo yum install python-pyside
37 #
38 #	Alternately, to use Python3 and/or pyside 2, one of the following:
39 #		$ sudo yum install python3-pyside
40 #		$ pip install --user PySide2
41 #		$ pip3 install --user PySide2
42 #
43 # ubuntu:
44 #
45 #	$ sudo apt-get install postgresql
46 #	$ sudo su - postgres
47 #	$ createuser -s <your user id here>
48 #	$ sudo apt-get install python-pyside.qtsql libqt4-sql-psql
49 #
50 #	Alternately, to use Python3 and/or pyside 2, one of the following:
51 #
52 #		$ sudo apt-get install python3-pyside.qtsql libqt4-sql-psql
53 #		$ sudo apt-get install python-pyside2.qtsql libqt5sql5-psql
54 #		$ sudo apt-get install python3-pyside2.qtsql libqt5sql5-psql
55 #
56 # An example of using this script with Intel PT:
57 #
58 #	$ perf record -e intel_pt//u ls
59 #	$ perf script -s ~/libexec/perf-core/scripts/python/export-to-postgresql.py pt_example branches calls
60 #	2015-05-29 12:49:23.464364 Creating database...
61 #	2015-05-29 12:49:26.281717 Writing to intermediate files...
62 #	2015-05-29 12:49:27.190383 Copying to database...
63 #	2015-05-29 12:49:28.140451 Removing intermediate files...
64 #	2015-05-29 12:49:28.147451 Adding primary keys
65 #	2015-05-29 12:49:28.655683 Adding foreign keys
66 #	2015-05-29 12:49:29.365350 Done
67 #
68 # To browse the database, psql can be used e.g.
69 #
70 #	$ psql pt_example
71 #	pt_example=# select * from samples_view where id < 100;
72 #	pt_example=# \d+
73 #	pt_example=# \d+ samples_view
74 #	pt_example=# \q
75 #
76 # An example of using the database is provided by the script
77 # exported-sql-viewer.py.  Refer to that script for details.
78 #
79 # Tables:
80 #
81 #	The tables largely correspond to perf tools' data structures.  They are largely self-explanatory.
82 #
83 #	samples
84 #
85 #		'samples' is the main table. It represents what instruction was executing at a point in time
86 #		when something (a selected event) happened.  The memory address is the instruction pointer or 'ip'.
87 #
88 #	calls
89 #
90 #		'calls' represents function calls and is related to 'samples' by 'call_id' and 'return_id'.
91 #		'calls' is only created when the 'calls' option to this script is specified.
92 #
93 #	call_paths
94 #
95 #		'call_paths' represents all the call stacks.  Each 'call' has an associated record in 'call_paths'.
96 #		'calls_paths' is only created when the 'calls' option to this script is specified.
97 #
98 #	branch_types
99 #
100 #		'branch_types' provides descriptions for each type of branch.
101 #
102 #	comm_threads
103 #
104 #		'comm_threads' shows how 'comms' relates to 'threads'.
105 #
106 #	comms
107 #
108 #		'comms' contains a record for each 'comm' - the name given to the executable that is running.
109 #
110 #	dsos
111 #
112 #		'dsos' contains a record for each executable file or library.
113 #
114 #	machines
115 #
116 #		'machines' can be used to distinguish virtual machines if virtualization is supported.
117 #
118 #	selected_events
119 #
120 #		'selected_events' contains a record for each kind of event that has been sampled.
121 #
122 #	symbols
123 #
124 #		'symbols' contains a record for each symbol.  Only symbols that have samples are present.
125 #
126 #	threads
127 #
128 #		'threads' contains a record for each thread.
129 #
130 # Views:
131 #
132 #	Most of the tables have views for more friendly display.  The views are:
133 #
134 #		calls_view
135 #		call_paths_view
136 #		comm_threads_view
137 #		dsos_view
138 #		machines_view
139 #		samples_view
140 #		symbols_view
141 #		threads_view
142 #
143 # More examples of browsing the database with psql:
144 #   Note that some of the examples are not the most optimal SQL query.
145 #   Note that call information is only available if the script's 'calls' option has been used.
146 #
147 #	Top 10 function calls (not aggregated by symbol):
148 #
149 #		SELECT * FROM calls_view ORDER BY elapsed_time DESC LIMIT 10;
150 #
151 #	Top 10 function calls (aggregated by symbol):
152 #
153 #		SELECT symbol_id,(SELECT name FROM symbols WHERE id = symbol_id) AS symbol,
154 #			SUM(elapsed_time) AS tot_elapsed_time,SUM(branch_count) AS tot_branch_count
155 #			FROM calls_view GROUP BY symbol_id ORDER BY tot_elapsed_time DESC LIMIT 10;
156 #
157 #		Note that the branch count gives a rough estimation of cpu usage, so functions
158 #		that took a long time but have a relatively low branch count must have spent time
159 #		waiting.
160 #
161 #	Find symbols by pattern matching on part of the name (e.g. names containing 'alloc'):
162 #
163 #		SELECT * FROM symbols_view WHERE name LIKE '%alloc%';
164 #
165 #	Top 10 function calls for a specific symbol (e.g. whose symbol_id is 187):
166 #
167 #		SELECT * FROM calls_view WHERE symbol_id = 187 ORDER BY elapsed_time DESC LIMIT 10;
168 #
169 #	Show function calls made by function in the same context (i.e. same call path) (e.g. one with call_path_id 254):
170 #
171 #		SELECT * FROM calls_view WHERE parent_call_path_id = 254;
172 #
173 #	Show branches made during a function call (e.g. where call_id is 29357 and return_id is 29370 and tid is 29670)
174 #
175 #		SELECT * FROM samples_view WHERE id >= 29357 AND id <= 29370 AND tid = 29670 AND event LIKE 'branches%';
176 #
177 #	Show transactions:
178 #
179 #		SELECT * FROM samples_view WHERE event = 'transactions';
180 #
181 #		Note transaction start has 'in_tx' true whereas, transaction end has 'in_tx' false.
182 #		Transaction aborts have branch_type_name 'transaction abort'
183 #
184 #	Show transaction aborts:
185 #
186 #		SELECT * FROM samples_view WHERE event = 'transactions' AND branch_type_name = 'transaction abort';
187 #
188 # To print a call stack requires walking the call_paths table.  For example this python script:
189 #   #!/usr/bin/python2
190 #
191 #   import sys
192 #   from PySide.QtSql import *
193 #
194 #   if __name__ == '__main__':
195 #           if (len(sys.argv) < 3):
196 #                   print >> sys.stderr, "Usage is: printcallstack.py <database name> <call_path_id>"
197 #                   raise Exception("Too few arguments")
198 #           dbname = sys.argv[1]
199 #           call_path_id = sys.argv[2]
200 #           db = QSqlDatabase.addDatabase('QPSQL')
201 #           db.setDatabaseName(dbname)
202 #           if not db.open():
203 #                   raise Exception("Failed to open database " + dbname + " error: " + db.lastError().text())
204 #           query = QSqlQuery(db)
205 #           print "    id          ip  symbol_id  symbol                          dso_id  dso_short_name"
206 #           while call_path_id != 0 and call_path_id != 1:
207 #                   ret = query.exec_('SELECT * FROM call_paths_view WHERE id = ' + str(call_path_id))
208 #                   if not ret:
209 #                           raise Exception("Query failed: " + query.lastError().text())
210 #                   if not query.next():
211 #                           raise Exception("Query failed")
212 #                   print "{0:>6}  {1:>10}  {2:>9}  {3:<30}  {4:>6}  {5:<30}".format(query.value(0), query.value(1), query.value(2), query.value(3), query.value(4), query.value(5))
213 #                   call_path_id = query.value(6)
214 
215 pyside_version_1 = True
216 if not "pyside-version-1" in sys.argv:
217 	try:
218 		from PySide2.QtSql import *
219 		pyside_version_1 = False
220 	except:
221 		pass
222 
223 if pyside_version_1:
224 	from PySide.QtSql import *
225 
226 if sys.version_info < (3, 0):
227 	def toserverstr(str):
228 		return str
229 	def toclientstr(str):
230 		return str
231 else:
232 	# Assume UTF-8 server_encoding and client_encoding
233 	def toserverstr(str):
234 		return bytes(str, "UTF_8")
235 	def toclientstr(str):
236 		return bytes(str, "UTF_8")
237 
238 # Need to access PostgreSQL C library directly to use COPY FROM STDIN
239 from ctypes import *
240 libpq = CDLL("libpq.so.5")
241 PQconnectdb = libpq.PQconnectdb
242 PQconnectdb.restype = c_void_p
243 PQconnectdb.argtypes = [ c_char_p ]
244 PQfinish = libpq.PQfinish
245 PQfinish.argtypes = [ c_void_p ]
246 PQstatus = libpq.PQstatus
247 PQstatus.restype = c_int
248 PQstatus.argtypes = [ c_void_p ]
249 PQexec = libpq.PQexec
250 PQexec.restype = c_void_p
251 PQexec.argtypes = [ c_void_p, c_char_p ]
252 PQresultStatus = libpq.PQresultStatus
253 PQresultStatus.restype = c_int
254 PQresultStatus.argtypes = [ c_void_p ]
255 PQputCopyData = libpq.PQputCopyData
256 PQputCopyData.restype = c_int
257 PQputCopyData.argtypes = [ c_void_p, c_void_p, c_int ]
258 PQputCopyEnd = libpq.PQputCopyEnd
259 PQputCopyEnd.restype = c_int
260 PQputCopyEnd.argtypes = [ c_void_p, c_void_p ]
261 
262 sys.path.append(os.environ['PERF_EXEC_PATH'] + \
263 	'/scripts/python/Perf-Trace-Util/lib/Perf/Trace')
264 
265 # These perf imports are not used at present
266 #from perf_trace_context import *
267 #from Core import *
268 
269 perf_db_export_mode = True
270 perf_db_export_calls = False
271 perf_db_export_callchains = False
272 
273 def printerr(*args, **kw_args):
274 	print(*args, file=sys.stderr, **kw_args)
275 
276 def printdate(*args, **kw_args):
277         print(datetime.datetime.today(), *args, sep=' ', **kw_args)
278 
279 def usage():
280 	printerr("Usage is: export-to-postgresql.py <database name> [<columns>] [<calls>] [<callchains>] [<pyside-version-1>]");
281 	printerr("where:  columns            'all' or 'branches'");
282 	printerr("        calls              'calls' => create calls and call_paths table");
283 	printerr("        callchains         'callchains' => create call_paths table");
284 	printerr("        pyside-version-1   'pyside-version-1' => use pyside version 1");
285 	raise Exception("Too few or bad arguments")
286 
287 if (len(sys.argv) < 2):
288 	usage()
289 
290 dbname = sys.argv[1]
291 
292 if (len(sys.argv) >= 3):
293 	columns = sys.argv[2]
294 else:
295 	columns = "all"
296 
297 if columns not in ("all", "branches"):
298 	usage()
299 
300 branches = (columns == "branches")
301 
302 for i in range(3,len(sys.argv)):
303 	if (sys.argv[i] == "calls"):
304 		perf_db_export_calls = True
305 	elif (sys.argv[i] == "callchains"):
306 		perf_db_export_callchains = True
307 	elif (sys.argv[i] == "pyside-version-1"):
308 		pass
309 	else:
310 		usage()
311 
312 output_dir_name = os.getcwd() + "/" + dbname + "-perf-data"
313 os.mkdir(output_dir_name)
314 
315 def do_query(q, s):
316 	if (q.exec_(s)):
317 		return
318 	raise Exception("Query failed: " + q.lastError().text())
319 
320 printdate("Creating database...")
321 
322 db = QSqlDatabase.addDatabase('QPSQL')
323 query = QSqlQuery(db)
324 db.setDatabaseName('postgres')
325 db.open()
326 try:
327 	do_query(query, 'CREATE DATABASE ' + dbname)
328 except:
329 	os.rmdir(output_dir_name)
330 	raise
331 query.finish()
332 query.clear()
333 db.close()
334 
335 db.setDatabaseName(dbname)
336 db.open()
337 
338 query = QSqlQuery(db)
339 do_query(query, 'SET client_min_messages TO WARNING')
340 
341 do_query(query, 'CREATE TABLE selected_events ('
342 		'id		bigint		NOT NULL,'
343 		'name		varchar(80))')
344 do_query(query, 'CREATE TABLE machines ('
345 		'id		bigint		NOT NULL,'
346 		'pid		integer,'
347 		'root_dir 	varchar(4096))')
348 do_query(query, 'CREATE TABLE threads ('
349 		'id		bigint		NOT NULL,'
350 		'machine_id	bigint,'
351 		'process_id	bigint,'
352 		'pid		integer,'
353 		'tid		integer)')
354 do_query(query, 'CREATE TABLE comms ('
355 		'id		bigint		NOT NULL,'
356 		'comm		varchar(16))')
357 do_query(query, 'CREATE TABLE comm_threads ('
358 		'id		bigint		NOT NULL,'
359 		'comm_id	bigint,'
360 		'thread_id	bigint)')
361 do_query(query, 'CREATE TABLE dsos ('
362 		'id		bigint		NOT NULL,'
363 		'machine_id	bigint,'
364 		'short_name	varchar(256),'
365 		'long_name	varchar(4096),'
366 		'build_id	varchar(64))')
367 do_query(query, 'CREATE TABLE symbols ('
368 		'id		bigint		NOT NULL,'
369 		'dso_id		bigint,'
370 		'sym_start	bigint,'
371 		'sym_end	bigint,'
372 		'binding	integer,'
373 		'name		varchar(2048))')
374 do_query(query, 'CREATE TABLE branch_types ('
375 		'id		integer		NOT NULL,'
376 		'name		varchar(80))')
377 
378 if branches:
379 	do_query(query, 'CREATE TABLE samples ('
380 		'id		bigint		NOT NULL,'
381 		'evsel_id	bigint,'
382 		'machine_id	bigint,'
383 		'thread_id	bigint,'
384 		'comm_id	bigint,'
385 		'dso_id		bigint,'
386 		'symbol_id	bigint,'
387 		'sym_offset	bigint,'
388 		'ip		bigint,'
389 		'time		bigint,'
390 		'cpu		integer,'
391 		'to_dso_id	bigint,'
392 		'to_symbol_id	bigint,'
393 		'to_sym_offset	bigint,'
394 		'to_ip		bigint,'
395 		'branch_type	integer,'
396 		'in_tx		boolean,'
397 		'call_path_id	bigint,'
398 		'insn_count	bigint,'
399 		'cyc_count	bigint)')
400 else:
401 	do_query(query, 'CREATE TABLE samples ('
402 		'id		bigint		NOT NULL,'
403 		'evsel_id	bigint,'
404 		'machine_id	bigint,'
405 		'thread_id	bigint,'
406 		'comm_id	bigint,'
407 		'dso_id		bigint,'
408 		'symbol_id	bigint,'
409 		'sym_offset	bigint,'
410 		'ip		bigint,'
411 		'time		bigint,'
412 		'cpu		integer,'
413 		'to_dso_id	bigint,'
414 		'to_symbol_id	bigint,'
415 		'to_sym_offset	bigint,'
416 		'to_ip		bigint,'
417 		'period		bigint,'
418 		'weight		bigint,'
419 		'transaction	bigint,'
420 		'data_src	bigint,'
421 		'branch_type	integer,'
422 		'in_tx		boolean,'
423 		'call_path_id	bigint,'
424 		'insn_count	bigint,'
425 		'cyc_count	bigint)')
426 
427 if perf_db_export_calls or perf_db_export_callchains:
428 	do_query(query, 'CREATE TABLE call_paths ('
429 		'id		bigint		NOT NULL,'
430 		'parent_id	bigint,'
431 		'symbol_id	bigint,'
432 		'ip		bigint)')
433 if perf_db_export_calls:
434 	do_query(query, 'CREATE TABLE calls ('
435 		'id		bigint		NOT NULL,'
436 		'thread_id	bigint,'
437 		'comm_id	bigint,'
438 		'call_path_id	bigint,'
439 		'call_time	bigint,'
440 		'return_time	bigint,'
441 		'branch_count	bigint,'
442 		'call_id	bigint,'
443 		'return_id	bigint,'
444 		'parent_call_path_id	bigint,'
445 		'flags		integer,'
446 		'parent_id	bigint,'
447 		'insn_count	bigint,'
448 		'cyc_count	bigint)')
449 
450 do_query(query, 'CREATE TABLE ptwrite ('
451 	'id		bigint		NOT NULL,'
452 	'payload	bigint,'
453 	'exact_ip	boolean)')
454 
455 do_query(query, 'CREATE TABLE cbr ('
456 	'id		bigint		NOT NULL,'
457 	'cbr		integer,'
458 	'mhz		integer,'
459 	'percent	integer)')
460 
461 do_query(query, 'CREATE TABLE mwait ('
462 	'id		bigint		NOT NULL,'
463 	'hints		integer,'
464 	'extensions	integer)')
465 
466 do_query(query, 'CREATE TABLE pwre ('
467 	'id		bigint		NOT NULL,'
468 	'cstate		integer,'
469 	'subcstate	integer,'
470 	'hw		boolean)')
471 
472 do_query(query, 'CREATE TABLE exstop ('
473 	'id		bigint		NOT NULL,'
474 	'exact_ip	boolean)')
475 
476 do_query(query, 'CREATE TABLE pwrx ('
477 	'id		bigint		NOT NULL,'
478 	'deepest_cstate	integer,'
479 	'last_cstate	integer,'
480 	'wake_reason	integer)')
481 
482 do_query(query, 'CREATE VIEW machines_view AS '
483 	'SELECT '
484 		'id,'
485 		'pid,'
486 		'root_dir,'
487 		'CASE WHEN id=0 THEN \'unknown\' WHEN pid=-1 THEN \'host\' ELSE \'guest\' END AS host_or_guest'
488 	' FROM machines')
489 
490 do_query(query, 'CREATE VIEW dsos_view AS '
491 	'SELECT '
492 		'id,'
493 		'machine_id,'
494 		'(SELECT host_or_guest FROM machines_view WHERE id = machine_id) AS host_or_guest,'
495 		'short_name,'
496 		'long_name,'
497 		'build_id'
498 	' FROM dsos')
499 
500 do_query(query, 'CREATE VIEW symbols_view AS '
501 	'SELECT '
502 		'id,'
503 		'name,'
504 		'(SELECT short_name FROM dsos WHERE id=dso_id) AS dso,'
505 		'dso_id,'
506 		'sym_start,'
507 		'sym_end,'
508 		'CASE WHEN binding=0 THEN \'local\' WHEN binding=1 THEN \'global\' ELSE \'weak\' END AS binding'
509 	' FROM symbols')
510 
511 do_query(query, 'CREATE VIEW threads_view AS '
512 	'SELECT '
513 		'id,'
514 		'machine_id,'
515 		'(SELECT host_or_guest FROM machines_view WHERE id = machine_id) AS host_or_guest,'
516 		'process_id,'
517 		'pid,'
518 		'tid'
519 	' FROM threads')
520 
521 do_query(query, 'CREATE VIEW comm_threads_view AS '
522 	'SELECT '
523 		'comm_id,'
524 		'(SELECT comm FROM comms WHERE id = comm_id) AS command,'
525 		'thread_id,'
526 		'(SELECT pid FROM threads WHERE id = thread_id) AS pid,'
527 		'(SELECT tid FROM threads WHERE id = thread_id) AS tid'
528 	' FROM comm_threads')
529 
530 if perf_db_export_calls or perf_db_export_callchains:
531 	do_query(query, 'CREATE VIEW call_paths_view AS '
532 		'SELECT '
533 			'c.id,'
534 			'to_hex(c.ip) AS ip,'
535 			'c.symbol_id,'
536 			'(SELECT name FROM symbols WHERE id = c.symbol_id) AS symbol,'
537 			'(SELECT dso_id FROM symbols WHERE id = c.symbol_id) AS dso_id,'
538 			'(SELECT dso FROM symbols_view  WHERE id = c.symbol_id) AS dso_short_name,'
539 			'c.parent_id,'
540 			'to_hex(p.ip) AS parent_ip,'
541 			'p.symbol_id AS parent_symbol_id,'
542 			'(SELECT name FROM symbols WHERE id = p.symbol_id) AS parent_symbol,'
543 			'(SELECT dso_id FROM symbols WHERE id = p.symbol_id) AS parent_dso_id,'
544 			'(SELECT dso FROM symbols_view  WHERE id = p.symbol_id) AS parent_dso_short_name'
545 		' FROM call_paths c INNER JOIN call_paths p ON p.id = c.parent_id')
546 if perf_db_export_calls:
547 	do_query(query, 'CREATE VIEW calls_view AS '
548 		'SELECT '
549 			'calls.id,'
550 			'thread_id,'
551 			'(SELECT pid FROM threads WHERE id = thread_id) AS pid,'
552 			'(SELECT tid FROM threads WHERE id = thread_id) AS tid,'
553 			'(SELECT comm FROM comms WHERE id = comm_id) AS command,'
554 			'call_path_id,'
555 			'to_hex(ip) AS ip,'
556 			'symbol_id,'
557 			'(SELECT name FROM symbols WHERE id = symbol_id) AS symbol,'
558 			'call_time,'
559 			'return_time,'
560 			'return_time - call_time AS elapsed_time,'
561 			'branch_count,'
562 			'insn_count,'
563 			'cyc_count,'
564 			'CASE WHEN cyc_count=0 THEN CAST(0 AS NUMERIC(20, 2)) ELSE CAST((CAST(insn_count AS FLOAT) / cyc_count) AS NUMERIC(20, 2)) END AS IPC,'
565 			'call_id,'
566 			'return_id,'
567 			'CASE WHEN flags=0 THEN \'\' WHEN flags=1 THEN \'no call\' WHEN flags=2 THEN \'no return\' WHEN flags=3 THEN \'no call/return\' WHEN flags=6 THEN \'jump\' ELSE CAST ( flags AS VARCHAR(6) ) END AS flags,'
568 			'parent_call_path_id,'
569 			'calls.parent_id'
570 		' FROM calls INNER JOIN call_paths ON call_paths.id = call_path_id')
571 
572 do_query(query, 'CREATE VIEW samples_view AS '
573 	'SELECT '
574 		'id,'
575 		'time,'
576 		'cpu,'
577 		'(SELECT pid FROM threads WHERE id = thread_id) AS pid,'
578 		'(SELECT tid FROM threads WHERE id = thread_id) AS tid,'
579 		'(SELECT comm FROM comms WHERE id = comm_id) AS command,'
580 		'(SELECT name FROM selected_events WHERE id = evsel_id) AS event,'
581 		'to_hex(ip) AS ip_hex,'
582 		'(SELECT name FROM symbols WHERE id = symbol_id) AS symbol,'
583 		'sym_offset,'
584 		'(SELECT short_name FROM dsos WHERE id = dso_id) AS dso_short_name,'
585 		'to_hex(to_ip) AS to_ip_hex,'
586 		'(SELECT name FROM symbols WHERE id = to_symbol_id) AS to_symbol,'
587 		'to_sym_offset,'
588 		'(SELECT short_name FROM dsos WHERE id = to_dso_id) AS to_dso_short_name,'
589 		'(SELECT name FROM branch_types WHERE id = branch_type) AS branch_type_name,'
590 		'in_tx,'
591 		'insn_count,'
592 		'cyc_count,'
593 		'CASE WHEN cyc_count=0 THEN CAST(0 AS NUMERIC(20, 2)) ELSE CAST((CAST(insn_count AS FLOAT) / cyc_count) AS NUMERIC(20, 2)) END AS IPC'
594 	' FROM samples')
595 
596 do_query(query, 'CREATE VIEW ptwrite_view AS '
597 	'SELECT '
598 		'ptwrite.id,'
599 		'time,'
600 		'cpu,'
601 		'to_hex(payload) AS payload_hex,'
602 		'CASE WHEN exact_ip=FALSE THEN \'False\' ELSE \'True\' END AS exact_ip'
603 	' FROM ptwrite'
604 	' INNER JOIN samples ON samples.id = ptwrite.id')
605 
606 do_query(query, 'CREATE VIEW cbr_view AS '
607 	'SELECT '
608 		'cbr.id,'
609 		'time,'
610 		'cpu,'
611 		'cbr,'
612 		'mhz,'
613 		'percent'
614 	' FROM cbr'
615 	' INNER JOIN samples ON samples.id = cbr.id')
616 
617 do_query(query, 'CREATE VIEW mwait_view AS '
618 	'SELECT '
619 		'mwait.id,'
620 		'time,'
621 		'cpu,'
622 		'to_hex(hints) AS hints_hex,'
623 		'to_hex(extensions) AS extensions_hex'
624 	' FROM mwait'
625 	' INNER JOIN samples ON samples.id = mwait.id')
626 
627 do_query(query, 'CREATE VIEW pwre_view AS '
628 	'SELECT '
629 		'pwre.id,'
630 		'time,'
631 		'cpu,'
632 		'cstate,'
633 		'subcstate,'
634 		'CASE WHEN hw=FALSE THEN \'False\' ELSE \'True\' END AS hw'
635 	' FROM pwre'
636 	' INNER JOIN samples ON samples.id = pwre.id')
637 
638 do_query(query, 'CREATE VIEW exstop_view AS '
639 	'SELECT '
640 		'exstop.id,'
641 		'time,'
642 		'cpu,'
643 		'CASE WHEN exact_ip=FALSE THEN \'False\' ELSE \'True\' END AS exact_ip'
644 	' FROM exstop'
645 	' INNER JOIN samples ON samples.id = exstop.id')
646 
647 do_query(query, 'CREATE VIEW pwrx_view AS '
648 	'SELECT '
649 		'pwrx.id,'
650 		'time,'
651 		'cpu,'
652 		'deepest_cstate,'
653 		'last_cstate,'
654 		'CASE     WHEN wake_reason=1 THEN \'Interrupt\''
655 			' WHEN wake_reason=2 THEN \'Timer Deadline\''
656 			' WHEN wake_reason=4 THEN \'Monitored Address\''
657 			' WHEN wake_reason=8 THEN \'HW\''
658 			' ELSE CAST ( wake_reason AS VARCHAR(2) )'
659 		'END AS wake_reason'
660 	' FROM pwrx'
661 	' INNER JOIN samples ON samples.id = pwrx.id')
662 
663 do_query(query, 'CREATE VIEW power_events_view AS '
664 	'SELECT '
665 		'samples.id,'
666 		'samples.time,'
667 		'samples.cpu,'
668 		'selected_events.name AS event,'
669 		'FORMAT(\'%6s\', cbr.cbr) AS cbr,'
670 		'FORMAT(\'%6s\', cbr.mhz) AS MHz,'
671 		'FORMAT(\'%5s\', cbr.percent) AS percent,'
672 		'to_hex(mwait.hints) AS hints_hex,'
673 		'to_hex(mwait.extensions) AS extensions_hex,'
674 		'FORMAT(\'%3s\', pwre.cstate) AS cstate,'
675 		'FORMAT(\'%3s\', pwre.subcstate) AS subcstate,'
676 		'CASE WHEN pwre.hw=FALSE THEN \'False\' WHEN pwre.hw=TRUE THEN \'True\' ELSE NULL END AS hw,'
677 		'CASE WHEN exstop.exact_ip=FALSE THEN \'False\' WHEN exstop.exact_ip=TRUE THEN \'True\' ELSE NULL END AS exact_ip,'
678 		'FORMAT(\'%3s\', pwrx.deepest_cstate) AS deepest_cstate,'
679 		'FORMAT(\'%3s\', pwrx.last_cstate) AS last_cstate,'
680 		'CASE     WHEN pwrx.wake_reason=1 THEN \'Interrupt\''
681 			' WHEN pwrx.wake_reason=2 THEN \'Timer Deadline\''
682 			' WHEN pwrx.wake_reason=4 THEN \'Monitored Address\''
683 			' WHEN pwrx.wake_reason=8 THEN \'HW\''
684 			' ELSE FORMAT(\'%2s\', pwrx.wake_reason)'
685 		'END AS wake_reason'
686 	' FROM cbr'
687 	' FULL JOIN mwait ON mwait.id = cbr.id'
688 	' FULL JOIN pwre ON pwre.id = cbr.id'
689 	' FULL JOIN exstop ON exstop.id = cbr.id'
690 	' FULL JOIN pwrx ON pwrx.id = cbr.id'
691 	' INNER JOIN samples ON samples.id = coalesce(cbr.id, mwait.id, pwre.id, exstop.id, pwrx.id)'
692 	' INNER JOIN selected_events ON selected_events.id = samples.evsel_id'
693 	' ORDER BY samples.id')
694 
695 file_header = struct.pack("!11sii", b"PGCOPY\n\377\r\n\0", 0, 0)
696 file_trailer = b"\377\377"
697 
698 def open_output_file(file_name):
699 	path_name = output_dir_name + "/" + file_name
700 	file = open(path_name, "wb+")
701 	file.write(file_header)
702 	return file
703 
704 def close_output_file(file):
705 	file.write(file_trailer)
706 	file.close()
707 
708 def copy_output_file_direct(file, table_name):
709 	close_output_file(file)
710 	sql = "COPY " + table_name + " FROM '" + file.name + "' (FORMAT 'binary')"
711 	do_query(query, sql)
712 
713 # Use COPY FROM STDIN because security may prevent postgres from accessing the files directly
714 def copy_output_file(file, table_name):
715 	conn = PQconnectdb(toclientstr("dbname = " + dbname))
716 	if (PQstatus(conn)):
717 		raise Exception("COPY FROM STDIN PQconnectdb failed")
718 	file.write(file_trailer)
719 	file.seek(0)
720 	sql = "COPY " + table_name + " FROM STDIN (FORMAT 'binary')"
721 	res = PQexec(conn, toclientstr(sql))
722 	if (PQresultStatus(res) != 4):
723 		raise Exception("COPY FROM STDIN PQexec failed")
724 	data = file.read(65536)
725 	while (len(data)):
726 		ret = PQputCopyData(conn, data, len(data))
727 		if (ret != 1):
728 			raise Exception("COPY FROM STDIN PQputCopyData failed, error " + str(ret))
729 		data = file.read(65536)
730 	ret = PQputCopyEnd(conn, None)
731 	if (ret != 1):
732 		raise Exception("COPY FROM STDIN PQputCopyEnd failed, error " + str(ret))
733 	PQfinish(conn)
734 
735 def remove_output_file(file):
736 	name = file.name
737 	file.close()
738 	os.unlink(name)
739 
740 evsel_file		= open_output_file("evsel_table.bin")
741 machine_file		= open_output_file("machine_table.bin")
742 thread_file		= open_output_file("thread_table.bin")
743 comm_file		= open_output_file("comm_table.bin")
744 comm_thread_file	= open_output_file("comm_thread_table.bin")
745 dso_file		= open_output_file("dso_table.bin")
746 symbol_file		= open_output_file("symbol_table.bin")
747 branch_type_file	= open_output_file("branch_type_table.bin")
748 sample_file		= open_output_file("sample_table.bin")
749 if perf_db_export_calls or perf_db_export_callchains:
750 	call_path_file		= open_output_file("call_path_table.bin")
751 if perf_db_export_calls:
752 	call_file		= open_output_file("call_table.bin")
753 ptwrite_file		= open_output_file("ptwrite_table.bin")
754 cbr_file		= open_output_file("cbr_table.bin")
755 mwait_file		= open_output_file("mwait_table.bin")
756 pwre_file		= open_output_file("pwre_table.bin")
757 exstop_file		= open_output_file("exstop_table.bin")
758 pwrx_file		= open_output_file("pwrx_table.bin")
759 
760 def trace_begin():
761 	printdate("Writing to intermediate files...")
762 	# id == 0 means unknown.  It is easier to create records for them than replace the zeroes with NULLs
763 	evsel_table(0, "unknown")
764 	machine_table(0, 0, "unknown")
765 	thread_table(0, 0, 0, -1, -1)
766 	comm_table(0, "unknown")
767 	dso_table(0, 0, "unknown", "unknown", "")
768 	symbol_table(0, 0, 0, 0, 0, "unknown")
769 	sample_table(0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0)
770 	if perf_db_export_calls or perf_db_export_callchains:
771 		call_path_table(0, 0, 0, 0)
772 		call_return_table(0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0)
773 
774 unhandled_count = 0
775 
776 def is_table_empty(table_name):
777 	do_query(query, 'SELECT * FROM ' + table_name + ' LIMIT 1');
778 	if query.next():
779 		return False
780 	return True
781 
782 def drop(table_name):
783 	do_query(query, 'DROP VIEW ' + table_name + '_view');
784 	do_query(query, 'DROP TABLE ' + table_name);
785 
786 def trace_end():
787 	printdate("Copying to database...")
788 	copy_output_file(evsel_file,		"selected_events")
789 	copy_output_file(machine_file,		"machines")
790 	copy_output_file(thread_file,		"threads")
791 	copy_output_file(comm_file,		"comms")
792 	copy_output_file(comm_thread_file,	"comm_threads")
793 	copy_output_file(dso_file,		"dsos")
794 	copy_output_file(symbol_file,		"symbols")
795 	copy_output_file(branch_type_file,	"branch_types")
796 	copy_output_file(sample_file,		"samples")
797 	if perf_db_export_calls or perf_db_export_callchains:
798 		copy_output_file(call_path_file,	"call_paths")
799 	if perf_db_export_calls:
800 		copy_output_file(call_file,		"calls")
801 	copy_output_file(ptwrite_file,		"ptwrite")
802 	copy_output_file(cbr_file,		"cbr")
803 	copy_output_file(mwait_file,		"mwait")
804 	copy_output_file(pwre_file,		"pwre")
805 	copy_output_file(exstop_file,		"exstop")
806 	copy_output_file(pwrx_file,		"pwrx")
807 
808 	printdate("Removing intermediate files...")
809 	remove_output_file(evsel_file)
810 	remove_output_file(machine_file)
811 	remove_output_file(thread_file)
812 	remove_output_file(comm_file)
813 	remove_output_file(comm_thread_file)
814 	remove_output_file(dso_file)
815 	remove_output_file(symbol_file)
816 	remove_output_file(branch_type_file)
817 	remove_output_file(sample_file)
818 	if perf_db_export_calls or perf_db_export_callchains:
819 		remove_output_file(call_path_file)
820 	if perf_db_export_calls:
821 		remove_output_file(call_file)
822 	remove_output_file(ptwrite_file)
823 	remove_output_file(cbr_file)
824 	remove_output_file(mwait_file)
825 	remove_output_file(pwre_file)
826 	remove_output_file(exstop_file)
827 	remove_output_file(pwrx_file)
828 	os.rmdir(output_dir_name)
829 	printdate("Adding primary keys")
830 	do_query(query, 'ALTER TABLE selected_events ADD PRIMARY KEY (id)')
831 	do_query(query, 'ALTER TABLE machines        ADD PRIMARY KEY (id)')
832 	do_query(query, 'ALTER TABLE threads         ADD PRIMARY KEY (id)')
833 	do_query(query, 'ALTER TABLE comms           ADD PRIMARY KEY (id)')
834 	do_query(query, 'ALTER TABLE comm_threads    ADD PRIMARY KEY (id)')
835 	do_query(query, 'ALTER TABLE dsos            ADD PRIMARY KEY (id)')
836 	do_query(query, 'ALTER TABLE symbols         ADD PRIMARY KEY (id)')
837 	do_query(query, 'ALTER TABLE branch_types    ADD PRIMARY KEY (id)')
838 	do_query(query, 'ALTER TABLE samples         ADD PRIMARY KEY (id)')
839 	if perf_db_export_calls or perf_db_export_callchains:
840 		do_query(query, 'ALTER TABLE call_paths      ADD PRIMARY KEY (id)')
841 	if perf_db_export_calls:
842 		do_query(query, 'ALTER TABLE calls           ADD PRIMARY KEY (id)')
843 	do_query(query, 'ALTER TABLE ptwrite         ADD PRIMARY KEY (id)')
844 	do_query(query, 'ALTER TABLE cbr             ADD PRIMARY KEY (id)')
845 	do_query(query, 'ALTER TABLE mwait           ADD PRIMARY KEY (id)')
846 	do_query(query, 'ALTER TABLE pwre            ADD PRIMARY KEY (id)')
847 	do_query(query, 'ALTER TABLE exstop          ADD PRIMARY KEY (id)')
848 	do_query(query, 'ALTER TABLE pwrx            ADD PRIMARY KEY (id)')
849 
850 	printdate("Adding foreign keys")
851 	do_query(query, 'ALTER TABLE threads '
852 					'ADD CONSTRAINT machinefk  FOREIGN KEY (machine_id)   REFERENCES machines   (id),'
853 					'ADD CONSTRAINT processfk  FOREIGN KEY (process_id)   REFERENCES threads    (id)')
854 	do_query(query, 'ALTER TABLE comm_threads '
855 					'ADD CONSTRAINT commfk     FOREIGN KEY (comm_id)      REFERENCES comms      (id),'
856 					'ADD CONSTRAINT threadfk   FOREIGN KEY (thread_id)    REFERENCES threads    (id)')
857 	do_query(query, 'ALTER TABLE dsos '
858 					'ADD CONSTRAINT machinefk  FOREIGN KEY (machine_id)   REFERENCES machines   (id)')
859 	do_query(query, 'ALTER TABLE symbols '
860 					'ADD CONSTRAINT dsofk      FOREIGN KEY (dso_id)       REFERENCES dsos       (id)')
861 	do_query(query, 'ALTER TABLE samples '
862 					'ADD CONSTRAINT evselfk    FOREIGN KEY (evsel_id)     REFERENCES selected_events (id),'
863 					'ADD CONSTRAINT machinefk  FOREIGN KEY (machine_id)   REFERENCES machines   (id),'
864 					'ADD CONSTRAINT threadfk   FOREIGN KEY (thread_id)    REFERENCES threads    (id),'
865 					'ADD CONSTRAINT commfk     FOREIGN KEY (comm_id)      REFERENCES comms      (id),'
866 					'ADD CONSTRAINT dsofk      FOREIGN KEY (dso_id)       REFERENCES dsos       (id),'
867 					'ADD CONSTRAINT symbolfk   FOREIGN KEY (symbol_id)    REFERENCES symbols    (id),'
868 					'ADD CONSTRAINT todsofk    FOREIGN KEY (to_dso_id)    REFERENCES dsos       (id),'
869 					'ADD CONSTRAINT tosymbolfk FOREIGN KEY (to_symbol_id) REFERENCES symbols    (id)')
870 	if perf_db_export_calls or perf_db_export_callchains:
871 		do_query(query, 'ALTER TABLE call_paths '
872 					'ADD CONSTRAINT parentfk    FOREIGN KEY (parent_id)    REFERENCES call_paths (id),'
873 					'ADD CONSTRAINT symbolfk    FOREIGN KEY (symbol_id)    REFERENCES symbols    (id)')
874 	if perf_db_export_calls:
875 		do_query(query, 'ALTER TABLE calls '
876 					'ADD CONSTRAINT threadfk    FOREIGN KEY (thread_id)    REFERENCES threads    (id),'
877 					'ADD CONSTRAINT commfk      FOREIGN KEY (comm_id)      REFERENCES comms      (id),'
878 					'ADD CONSTRAINT call_pathfk FOREIGN KEY (call_path_id) REFERENCES call_paths (id),'
879 					'ADD CONSTRAINT callfk      FOREIGN KEY (call_id)      REFERENCES samples    (id),'
880 					'ADD CONSTRAINT returnfk    FOREIGN KEY (return_id)    REFERENCES samples    (id),'
881 					'ADD CONSTRAINT parent_call_pathfk FOREIGN KEY (parent_call_path_id) REFERENCES call_paths (id)')
882 		do_query(query, 'CREATE INDEX pcpid_idx ON calls (parent_call_path_id)')
883 		do_query(query, 'CREATE INDEX pid_idx ON calls (parent_id)')
884 	do_query(query, 'ALTER TABLE ptwrite '
885 					'ADD CONSTRAINT idfk        FOREIGN KEY (id)           REFERENCES samples   (id)')
886 	do_query(query, 'ALTER TABLE  cbr '
887 					'ADD CONSTRAINT idfk        FOREIGN KEY (id)           REFERENCES samples   (id)')
888 	do_query(query, 'ALTER TABLE  mwait '
889 					'ADD CONSTRAINT idfk        FOREIGN KEY (id)           REFERENCES samples   (id)')
890 	do_query(query, 'ALTER TABLE  pwre '
891 					'ADD CONSTRAINT idfk        FOREIGN KEY (id)           REFERENCES samples   (id)')
892 	do_query(query, 'ALTER TABLE  exstop '
893 					'ADD CONSTRAINT idfk        FOREIGN KEY (id)           REFERENCES samples   (id)')
894 	do_query(query, 'ALTER TABLE  pwrx '
895 					'ADD CONSTRAINT idfk        FOREIGN KEY (id)           REFERENCES samples   (id)')
896 
897 	printdate("Dropping unused tables")
898 	if is_table_empty("ptwrite"):
899 		drop("ptwrite")
900 	if is_table_empty("mwait") and is_table_empty("pwre") and is_table_empty("exstop") and is_table_empty("pwrx"):
901 		do_query(query, 'DROP VIEW power_events_view');
902 		drop("mwait")
903 		drop("pwre")
904 		drop("exstop")
905 		drop("pwrx")
906 		if is_table_empty("cbr"):
907 			drop("cbr")
908 
909 	if (unhandled_count):
910 		printdate("Warning: ", unhandled_count, " unhandled events")
911 	printdate("Done")
912 
913 def trace_unhandled(event_name, context, event_fields_dict):
914 	global unhandled_count
915 	unhandled_count += 1
916 
917 def sched__sched_switch(*x):
918 	pass
919 
920 def evsel_table(evsel_id, evsel_name, *x):
921 	evsel_name = toserverstr(evsel_name)
922 	n = len(evsel_name)
923 	fmt = "!hiqi" + str(n) + "s"
924 	value = struct.pack(fmt, 2, 8, evsel_id, n, evsel_name)
925 	evsel_file.write(value)
926 
927 def machine_table(machine_id, pid, root_dir, *x):
928 	root_dir = toserverstr(root_dir)
929 	n = len(root_dir)
930 	fmt = "!hiqiii" + str(n) + "s"
931 	value = struct.pack(fmt, 3, 8, machine_id, 4, pid, n, root_dir)
932 	machine_file.write(value)
933 
934 def thread_table(thread_id, machine_id, process_id, pid, tid, *x):
935 	value = struct.pack("!hiqiqiqiiii", 5, 8, thread_id, 8, machine_id, 8, process_id, 4, pid, 4, tid)
936 	thread_file.write(value)
937 
938 def comm_table(comm_id, comm_str, *x):
939 	comm_str = toserverstr(comm_str)
940 	n = len(comm_str)
941 	fmt = "!hiqi" + str(n) + "s"
942 	value = struct.pack(fmt, 2, 8, comm_id, n, comm_str)
943 	comm_file.write(value)
944 
945 def comm_thread_table(comm_thread_id, comm_id, thread_id, *x):
946 	fmt = "!hiqiqiq"
947 	value = struct.pack(fmt, 3, 8, comm_thread_id, 8, comm_id, 8, thread_id)
948 	comm_thread_file.write(value)
949 
950 def dso_table(dso_id, machine_id, short_name, long_name, build_id, *x):
951 	short_name = toserverstr(short_name)
952 	long_name = toserverstr(long_name)
953 	build_id = toserverstr(build_id)
954 	n1 = len(short_name)
955 	n2 = len(long_name)
956 	n3 = len(build_id)
957 	fmt = "!hiqiqi" + str(n1) + "si"  + str(n2) + "si" + str(n3) + "s"
958 	value = struct.pack(fmt, 5, 8, dso_id, 8, machine_id, n1, short_name, n2, long_name, n3, build_id)
959 	dso_file.write(value)
960 
961 def symbol_table(symbol_id, dso_id, sym_start, sym_end, binding, symbol_name, *x):
962 	symbol_name = toserverstr(symbol_name)
963 	n = len(symbol_name)
964 	fmt = "!hiqiqiqiqiii" + str(n) + "s"
965 	value = struct.pack(fmt, 6, 8, symbol_id, 8, dso_id, 8, sym_start, 8, sym_end, 4, binding, n, symbol_name)
966 	symbol_file.write(value)
967 
968 def branch_type_table(branch_type, name, *x):
969 	name = toserverstr(name)
970 	n = len(name)
971 	fmt = "!hiii" + str(n) + "s"
972 	value = struct.pack(fmt, 2, 4, branch_type, n, name)
973 	branch_type_file.write(value)
974 
975 def sample_table(sample_id, evsel_id, machine_id, thread_id, comm_id, dso_id, symbol_id, sym_offset, ip, time, cpu, to_dso_id, to_symbol_id, to_sym_offset, to_ip, period, weight, transaction, data_src, branch_type, in_tx, call_path_id, insn_cnt, cyc_cnt, *x):
976 	if branches:
977 		value = struct.pack("!hiqiqiqiqiqiqiqiqiqiqiiiqiqiqiqiiiBiqiqiq", 20, 8, sample_id, 8, evsel_id, 8, machine_id, 8, thread_id, 8, comm_id, 8, dso_id, 8, symbol_id, 8, sym_offset, 8, ip, 8, time, 4, cpu, 8, to_dso_id, 8, to_symbol_id, 8, to_sym_offset, 8, to_ip, 4, branch_type, 1, in_tx, 8, call_path_id, 8, insn_cnt, 8, cyc_cnt)
978 	else:
979 		value = struct.pack("!hiqiqiqiqiqiqiqiqiqiqiiiqiqiqiqiqiqiqiqiiiBiqiqiq", 24, 8, sample_id, 8, evsel_id, 8, machine_id, 8, thread_id, 8, comm_id, 8, dso_id, 8, symbol_id, 8, sym_offset, 8, ip, 8, time, 4, cpu, 8, to_dso_id, 8, to_symbol_id, 8, to_sym_offset, 8, to_ip, 8, period, 8, weight, 8, transaction, 8, data_src, 4, branch_type, 1, in_tx, 8, call_path_id, 8, insn_cnt, 8, cyc_cnt)
980 	sample_file.write(value)
981 
982 def call_path_table(cp_id, parent_id, symbol_id, ip, *x):
983 	fmt = "!hiqiqiqiq"
984 	value = struct.pack(fmt, 4, 8, cp_id, 8, parent_id, 8, symbol_id, 8, ip)
985 	call_path_file.write(value)
986 
987 def call_return_table(cr_id, thread_id, comm_id, call_path_id, call_time, return_time, branch_count, call_id, return_id, parent_call_path_id, flags, parent_id, insn_cnt, cyc_cnt, *x):
988 	fmt = "!hiqiqiqiqiqiqiqiqiqiqiiiqiqiq"
989 	value = struct.pack(fmt, 14, 8, cr_id, 8, thread_id, 8, comm_id, 8, call_path_id, 8, call_time, 8, return_time, 8, branch_count, 8, call_id, 8, return_id, 8, parent_call_path_id, 4, flags, 8, parent_id, 8, insn_cnt, 8, cyc_cnt)
990 	call_file.write(value)
991 
992 def ptwrite(id, raw_buf):
993 	data = struct.unpack_from("<IQ", raw_buf)
994 	flags = data[0]
995 	payload = data[1]
996 	exact_ip = flags & 1
997 	value = struct.pack("!hiqiqiB", 3, 8, id, 8, payload, 1, exact_ip)
998 	ptwrite_file.write(value)
999 
1000 def cbr(id, raw_buf):
1001 	data = struct.unpack_from("<BBBBII", raw_buf)
1002 	cbr = data[0]
1003 	MHz = (data[4] + 500) / 1000
1004 	percent = ((cbr * 1000 / data[2]) + 5) / 10
1005 	value = struct.pack("!hiqiiiiii", 4, 8, id, 4, cbr, 4, MHz, 4, percent)
1006 	cbr_file.write(value)
1007 
1008 def mwait(id, raw_buf):
1009 	data = struct.unpack_from("<IQ", raw_buf)
1010 	payload = data[1]
1011 	hints = payload & 0xff
1012 	extensions = (payload >> 32) & 0x3
1013 	value = struct.pack("!hiqiiii", 3, 8, id, 4, hints, 4, extensions)
1014 	mwait_file.write(value)
1015 
1016 def pwre(id, raw_buf):
1017 	data = struct.unpack_from("<IQ", raw_buf)
1018 	payload = data[1]
1019 	hw = (payload >> 7) & 1
1020 	cstate = (payload >> 12) & 0xf
1021 	subcstate = (payload >> 8) & 0xf
1022 	value = struct.pack("!hiqiiiiiB", 4, 8, id, 4, cstate, 4, subcstate, 1, hw)
1023 	pwre_file.write(value)
1024 
1025 def exstop(id, raw_buf):
1026 	data = struct.unpack_from("<I", raw_buf)
1027 	flags = data[0]
1028 	exact_ip = flags & 1
1029 	value = struct.pack("!hiqiB", 2, 8, id, 1, exact_ip)
1030 	exstop_file.write(value)
1031 
1032 def pwrx(id, raw_buf):
1033 	data = struct.unpack_from("<IQ", raw_buf)
1034 	payload = data[1]
1035 	deepest_cstate = payload & 0xf
1036 	last_cstate = (payload >> 4) & 0xf
1037 	wake_reason = (payload >> 8) & 0xf
1038 	value = struct.pack("!hiqiiiiii", 4, 8, id, 4, deepest_cstate, 4, last_cstate, 4, wake_reason)
1039 	pwrx_file.write(value)
1040 
1041 def synth_data(id, config, raw_buf, *x):
1042 	if config == 0:
1043 		ptwrite(id, raw_buf)
1044 	elif config == 1:
1045 		mwait(id, raw_buf)
1046 	elif config == 2:
1047 		pwre(id, raw_buf)
1048 	elif config == 3:
1049 		exstop(id, raw_buf)
1050 	elif config == 4:
1051 		pwrx(id, raw_buf)
1052 	elif config == 5:
1053 		cbr(id, raw_buf)
1054