1perf-trace(1) 2============= 3 4NAME 5---- 6perf-trace - strace inspired tool 7 8SYNOPSIS 9-------- 10[verse] 11'perf trace' 12'perf trace record' 13 14DESCRIPTION 15----------- 16This command will show the events associated with the target, initially 17syscalls, but other system events like pagefaults, task lifetime events, 18scheduling events, etc. 19 20This is a live mode tool in addition to working with perf.data files like 21the other perf tools. Files can be generated using the 'perf record' command 22but the session needs to include the raw_syscalls events (-e 'raw_syscalls:*'). 23Alternatively, 'perf trace record' can be used as a shortcut to 24automatically include the raw_syscalls events when writing events to a file. 25 26The following options apply to perf trace; options to perf trace record are 27found in the perf record man page. 28 29OPTIONS 30------- 31 32-a:: 33--all-cpus:: 34 System-wide collection from all CPUs. 35 36-e:: 37--expr:: 38--event:: 39 List of syscalls and other perf events (tracepoints, HW cache events, 40 etc) to show. Globbing is supported, e.g.: "epoll_*", "*msg*", etc. 41 See 'perf list' for a complete list of events. 42 Prefixing with ! shows all syscalls but the ones specified. You may 43 need to escape it. 44 45-D msecs:: 46--delay msecs:: 47After starting the program, wait msecs before measuring. This is useful to 48filter out the startup phase of the program, which is often very different. 49 50-o:: 51--output=:: 52 Output file name. 53 54-p:: 55--pid=:: 56 Record events on existing process ID (comma separated list). 57 58-t:: 59--tid=:: 60 Record events on existing thread ID (comma separated list). 61 62-u:: 63--uid=:: 64 Record events in threads owned by uid. Name or number. 65 66-G:: 67--cgroup:: 68 Record events in threads in a cgroup. 69 70 Look for cgroups to set at the /sys/fs/cgroup/perf_event directory, then 71 remove the /sys/fs/cgroup/perf_event/ part and try: 72 73 perf trace -G A -e sched:*switch 74 75 Will set all raw_syscalls:sys_{enter,exit}, pgfault, vfs_getname, etc 76 _and_ sched:sched_switch to the 'A' cgroup, while: 77 78 perf trace -e sched:*switch -G A 79 80 will only set the sched:sched_switch event to the 'A' cgroup, all the 81 other events (raw_syscalls:sys_{enter,exit}, etc are left "without" 82 a cgroup (on the root cgroup, sys wide, etc). 83 84 Multiple cgroups: 85 86 perf trace -G A -e sched:*switch -G B 87 88 the syscall ones go to the 'A' cgroup, the sched:sched_switch goes 89 to the 'B' cgroup. 90 91--filter-pids=:: 92 Filter out events for these pids and for 'trace' itself (comma separated list). 93 94-v:: 95--verbose=:: 96 Verbosity level. 97 98--no-inherit:: 99 Child tasks do not inherit counters. 100 101-m:: 102--mmap-pages=:: 103 Number of mmap data pages (must be a power of two) or size 104 specification with appended unit character - B/K/M/G. The 105 size is rounded up to have nearest pages power of two value. 106 107-C:: 108--cpu:: 109Collect samples only on the list of CPUs provided. Multiple CPUs can be provided as a 110comma-separated list with no space: 0,1. Ranges of CPUs are specified with -: 0-2. 111In per-thread mode with inheritance mode on (default), Events are captured only when 112the thread executes on the designated CPUs. Default is to monitor all CPUs. 113 114--duration:: 115 Show only events that had a duration greater than N.M ms. 116 117--sched:: 118 Accrue thread runtime and provide a summary at the end of the session. 119 120--failure:: 121 Show only syscalls that failed, i.e. that returned < 0. 122 123-i:: 124--input:: 125 Process events from a given perf data file. 126 127-T:: 128--time:: 129 Print full timestamp rather time relative to first sample. 130 131--comm:: 132 Show process COMM right beside its ID, on by default, disable with --no-comm. 133 134-s:: 135--summary:: 136 Show only a summary of syscalls by thread with min, max, and average times 137 (in msec) and relative stddev. 138 139-S:: 140--with-summary:: 141 Show all syscalls followed by a summary by thread with min, max, and 142 average times (in msec) and relative stddev. 143 144--tool_stats:: 145 Show tool stats such as number of times fd->pathname was discovered thru 146 hooking the open syscall return + vfs_getname or via reading /proc/pid/fd, etc. 147 148-f:: 149--force:: 150 Don't complain, do it. 151 152-F=[all|min|maj]:: 153--pf=[all|min|maj]:: 154 Trace pagefaults. Optionally, you can specify whether you want minor, 155 major or all pagefaults. Default value is maj. 156 157--syscalls:: 158 Trace system calls. This options is enabled by default, disable with 159 --no-syscalls. 160 161--call-graph [mode,type,min[,limit],order[,key][,branch]]:: 162 Setup and enable call-graph (stack chain/backtrace) recording. 163 See `--call-graph` section in perf-record and perf-report 164 man pages for details. The ones that are most useful in 'perf trace' 165 are 'dwarf' and 'lbr', where available, try: 'perf trace --call-graph dwarf'. 166 167 Using this will, for the root user, bump the value of --mmap-pages to 4 168 times the maximum for non-root users, based on the kernel.perf_event_mlock_kb 169 sysctl. This is done only if the user doesn't specify a --mmap-pages value. 170 171--kernel-syscall-graph:: 172 Show the kernel callchains on the syscall exit path. 173 174--max-events=N:: 175 Stop after processing N events. Note that strace-like events are considered 176 only at exit time or when a syscall is interrupted, i.e. in those cases this 177 option is equivalent to the number of lines printed. 178 179--switch-on EVENT_NAME:: 180 Only consider events after this event is found. 181 182--switch-off EVENT_NAME:: 183 Stop considering events after this event is found. 184 185--show-on-off-events:: 186 Show the --switch-on/off events too. 187 188--max-stack:: 189 Set the stack depth limit when parsing the callchain, anything 190 beyond the specified depth will be ignored. Note that at this point 191 this is just about the presentation part, i.e. the kernel is still 192 not limiting, the overhead of callchains needs to be set via the 193 knobs in --call-graph dwarf. 194 195 Implies '--call-graph dwarf' when --call-graph not present on the 196 command line, on systems where DWARF unwinding was built in. 197 198 Default: /proc/sys/kernel/perf_event_max_stack when present for 199 live sessions (without --input/-i), 127 otherwise. 200 201--min-stack:: 202 Set the stack depth limit when parsing the callchain, anything 203 below the specified depth will be ignored. Disabled by default. 204 205 Implies '--call-graph dwarf' when --call-graph not present on the 206 command line, on systems where DWARF unwinding was built in. 207 208--print-sample:: 209 Print the PERF_RECORD_SAMPLE PERF_SAMPLE_ info for the 210 raw_syscalls:sys_{enter,exit} tracepoints, for debugging. 211 212--proc-map-timeout:: 213 When processing pre-existing threads /proc/XXX/mmap, it may take a long time, 214 because the file may be huge. A time out is needed in such cases. 215 This option sets the time out limit. The default value is 500 ms. 216 217--sort-events:: 218 Do sorting on batches of events, use when noticing out of order events that 219 may happen, for instance, when a thread gets migrated to a different CPU 220 while processing a syscall. 221 222--libtraceevent_print:: 223 Use libtraceevent to print tracepoint arguments. By default 'perf trace' uses 224 the same beautifiers used in the strace-like enter+exit lines to augment the 225 tracepoint arguments. 226 227--map-dump:: 228 Dump BPF maps setup by events passed via -e, for instance the augmented_raw_syscalls 229 living in tools/perf/examples/bpf/augmented_raw_syscalls.c. For now this 230 dumps just boolean map values and integer keys, in time this will print in hex 231 by default and use BTF when available, as well as use functions to do pretty 232 printing using the existing 'perf trace' syscall arg beautifiers to map integer 233 arguments to strings (pid to comm, syscall id to syscall name, etc). 234 235 236PAGEFAULTS 237---------- 238 239When tracing pagefaults, the format of the trace is as follows: 240 241<min|maj>fault [<ip.symbol>+<ip.offset>] => <addr.dso@addr.offset> (<map type><addr level>). 242 243- min/maj indicates whether fault event is minor or major; 244- ip.symbol shows symbol for instruction pointer (the code that generated the 245 fault); if no debug symbols available, perf trace will print raw IP; 246- addr.dso shows DSO for the faulted address; 247- map type is either 'd' for non-executable maps or 'x' for executable maps; 248- addr level is either 'k' for kernel dso or '.' for user dso. 249 250For symbols resolution you may need to install debugging symbols. 251 252Please be aware that duration is currently always 0 and doesn't reflect actual 253time it took for fault to be handled! 254 255When --verbose specified, perf trace tries to print all available information 256for both IP and fault address in the form of dso@symbol+offset. 257 258EXAMPLES 259-------- 260 261Trace only major pagefaults: 262 263 $ perf trace --no-syscalls -F 264 265Trace syscalls, major and minor pagefaults: 266 267 $ perf trace -F all 268 269 1416.547 ( 0.000 ms): python/20235 majfault [CRYPTO_push_info_+0x0] => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libcrypto.so.1.0.0@0x61be0 (x.) 270 271 As you can see, there was major pagefault in python process, from 272 CRYPTO_push_info_ routine which faulted somewhere in libcrypto.so. 273 274Trace the first 4 open, openat or open_by_handle_at syscalls (in the future more syscalls may match here): 275 276 $ perf trace -e open* --max-events 4 277 [root@jouet perf]# trace -e open* --max-events 4 278 2272.992 ( 0.037 ms): gnome-shell/1370 openat(dfd: CWD, filename: /proc/self/stat) = 31 279 2277.481 ( 0.139 ms): gnome-shell/3039 openat(dfd: CWD, filename: /proc/self/stat) = 65 280 3026.398 ( 0.076 ms): gnome-shell/3039 openat(dfd: CWD, filename: /proc/self/stat) = 65 281 4294.665 ( 0.015 ms): sed/15879 openat(dfd: CWD, filename: /etc/ld.so.cache, flags: CLOEXEC) = 3 282 $ 283 284Trace the first minor page fault when running a workload: 285 286 # perf trace -F min --max-stack=7 --max-events 1 sleep 1 287 0.000 ( 0.000 ms): sleep/18006 minfault [__clear_user+0x1a] => 0x5626efa56080 (?k) 288 __clear_user ([kernel.kallsyms]) 289 load_elf_binary ([kernel.kallsyms]) 290 search_binary_handler ([kernel.kallsyms]) 291 __do_execve_file.isra.33 ([kernel.kallsyms]) 292 __x64_sys_execve ([kernel.kallsyms]) 293 do_syscall_64 ([kernel.kallsyms]) 294 entry_SYSCALL_64 ([kernel.kallsyms]) 295 # 296 297Trace the next min page page fault to take place on the first CPU: 298 299 # perf trace -F min --call-graph=dwarf --max-events 1 --cpu 0 300 0.000 ( 0.000 ms): Web Content/17136 minfault [js::gc::Chunk::fetchNextDecommittedArena+0x4b] => 0x7fbe6181b000 (?.) 301 js::gc::FreeSpan::initAsEmpty (inlined) 302 js::gc::Arena::setAsNotAllocated (inlined) 303 js::gc::Chunk::fetchNextDecommittedArena (/usr/lib64/firefox/libxul.so) 304 js::gc::Chunk::allocateArena (/usr/lib64/firefox/libxul.so) 305 js::gc::GCRuntime::allocateArena (/usr/lib64/firefox/libxul.so) 306 js::gc::ArenaLists::allocateFromArena (/usr/lib64/firefox/libxul.so) 307 js::gc::GCRuntime::tryNewTenuredThing<JSString, (js::AllowGC)1> (inlined) 308 js::AllocateString<JSString, (js::AllowGC)1> (/usr/lib64/firefox/libxul.so) 309 js::Allocate<JSThinInlineString, (js::AllowGC)1> (inlined) 310 JSThinInlineString::new_<(js::AllowGC)1> (inlined) 311 AllocateInlineString<(js::AllowGC)1, unsigned char> (inlined) 312 js::ConcatStrings<(js::AllowGC)1> (/usr/lib64/firefox/libxul.so) 313 [0x18b26e6bc2bd] (/tmp/perf-17136.map) 314 # 315 316Trace the next two sched:sched_switch events, four block:*_plug events, the 317next block:*_unplug and the next three net:*dev_queue events, this last one 318with a backtrace of at most 16 entries, system wide: 319 320 # perf trace -e sched:*switch/nr=2/,block:*_plug/nr=4/,block:*_unplug/nr=1/,net:*dev_queue/nr=3,max-stack=16/ 321 0.000 :0/0 sched:sched_switch:swapper/2:0 [120] S ==> rcu_sched:10 [120] 322 0.015 rcu_sched/10 sched:sched_switch:rcu_sched:10 [120] R ==> swapper/2:0 [120] 323 254.198 irq/50-iwlwifi/680 net:net_dev_queue:dev=wlp3s0 skbaddr=0xffff93498051f600 len=66 324 __dev_queue_xmit ([kernel.kallsyms]) 325 273.977 :0/0 net:net_dev_queue:dev=wlp3s0 skbaddr=0xffff93498051f600 len=78 326 __dev_queue_xmit ([kernel.kallsyms]) 327 274.007 :0/0 net:net_dev_queue:dev=wlp3s0 skbaddr=0xffff93498051ff00 len=78 328 __dev_queue_xmit ([kernel.kallsyms]) 329 2930.140 kworker/u16:58/2722 block:block_plug:[kworker/u16:58] 330 2930.162 kworker/u16:58/2722 block:block_unplug:[kworker/u16:58] 1 331 4466.094 jbd2/dm-2-8/748 block:block_plug:[jbd2/dm-2-8] 332 8050.123 kworker/u16:30/2694 block:block_plug:[kworker/u16:30] 333 8050.271 kworker/u16:30/2694 block:block_plug:[kworker/u16:30] 334 # 335 336SEE ALSO 337-------- 338linkperf:perf-record[1], linkperf:perf-script[1] 339