xref: /linux/tools/lib/subcmd/parse-options.c (revision 8bb5e7f4dcd9b9ef22a3ea25c9066a8a968f12dd) 
1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
2 #include <linux/compiler.h>
3 #include <linux/string.h>
4 #include <linux/types.h>
5 #include <stdio.h>
6 #include <stdlib.h>
7 #include <stdint.h>
8 #include <string.h>
9 #include <ctype.h>
10 #include "subcmd-util.h"
11 #include "parse-options.h"
12 #include "subcmd-config.h"
13 #include "pager.h"
14 
15 #define OPT_SHORT 1
16 #define OPT_UNSET 2
17 
18 char *error_buf;
19 
20 static int opterror(const struct option *opt, const char *reason, int flags)
21 {
22 	if (flags & OPT_SHORT)
23 		fprintf(stderr, " Error: switch `%c' %s", opt->short_name, reason);
24 	else if (flags & OPT_UNSET)
25 		fprintf(stderr, " Error: option `no-%s' %s", opt->long_name, reason);
26 	else
27 		fprintf(stderr, " Error: option `%s' %s", opt->long_name, reason);
28 
29 	return -1;
30 }
31 
32 static const char *skip_prefix(const char *str, const char *prefix)
33 {
34 	size_t len = strlen(prefix);
35 	return strncmp(str, prefix, len) ? NULL : str + len;
36 }
37 
38 static void optwarning(const struct option *opt, const char *reason, int flags)
39 {
40 	if (flags & OPT_SHORT)
41 		fprintf(stderr, " Warning: switch `%c' %s", opt->short_name, reason);
42 	else if (flags & OPT_UNSET)
43 		fprintf(stderr, " Warning: option `no-%s' %s", opt->long_name, reason);
44 	else
45 		fprintf(stderr, " Warning: option `%s' %s", opt->long_name, reason);
46 }
47 
48 static int get_arg(struct parse_opt_ctx_t *p, const struct option *opt,
49 		   int flags, const char **arg)
50 {
51 	const char *res;
52 
53 	if (p->opt) {
54 		res = p->opt;
55 		p->opt = NULL;
56 	} else if ((opt->flags & PARSE_OPT_LASTARG_DEFAULT) && (p->argc == 1 ||
57 		    **(p->argv + 1) == '-')) {
58 		res = (const char *)opt->defval;
59 	} else if (p->argc > 1) {
60 		p->argc--;
61 		res = *++p->argv;
62 	} else
63 		return opterror(opt, "requires a value", flags);
64 	if (arg)
65 		*arg = res;
66 	return 0;
67 }
68 
69 static int get_value(struct parse_opt_ctx_t *p,
70 		     const struct option *opt, int flags)
71 {
72 	const char *s, *arg = NULL;
73 	const int unset = flags & OPT_UNSET;
74 	int err;
75 
76 	if (unset && p->opt)
77 		return opterror(opt, "takes no value", flags);
78 	if (unset && (opt->flags & PARSE_OPT_NONEG))
79 		return opterror(opt, "isn't available", flags);
80 	if (opt->flags & PARSE_OPT_DISABLED)
81 		return opterror(opt, "is not usable", flags);
82 
83 	if (opt->flags & PARSE_OPT_EXCLUSIVE) {
84 		if (p->excl_opt && p->excl_opt != opt) {
85 			char msg[128];
86 
87 			if (((flags & OPT_SHORT) && p->excl_opt->short_name) ||
88 			    p->excl_opt->long_name == NULL) {
89 				snprintf(msg, sizeof(msg), "cannot be used with switch `%c'",
90 					 p->excl_opt->short_name);
91 			} else {
92 				snprintf(msg, sizeof(msg), "cannot be used with %s",
93 					 p->excl_opt->long_name);
94 			}
95 			opterror(opt, msg, flags);
96 			return -3;
97 		}
98 		p->excl_opt = opt;
99 	}
100 	if (!(flags & OPT_SHORT) && p->opt) {
101 		switch (opt->type) {
102 		case OPTION_CALLBACK:
103 			if (!(opt->flags & PARSE_OPT_NOARG))
104 				break;
105 			/* FALLTHROUGH */
106 		case OPTION_BOOLEAN:
107 		case OPTION_INCR:
108 		case OPTION_BIT:
109 		case OPTION_SET_UINT:
110 		case OPTION_SET_PTR:
111 			return opterror(opt, "takes no value", flags);
112 		case OPTION_END:
113 		case OPTION_ARGUMENT:
114 		case OPTION_GROUP:
115 		case OPTION_STRING:
116 		case OPTION_INTEGER:
117 		case OPTION_UINTEGER:
118 		case OPTION_LONG:
119 		case OPTION_ULONG:
120 		case OPTION_U64:
121 		default:
122 			break;
123 		}
124 	}
125 
126 	if (opt->flags & PARSE_OPT_NOBUILD) {
127 		char reason[128];
128 		bool noarg = false;
129 
130 		err = snprintf(reason, sizeof(reason),
131 				opt->flags & PARSE_OPT_CANSKIP ?
132 					"is being ignored because %s " :
133 					"is not available because %s",
134 				opt->build_opt);
135 		reason[sizeof(reason) - 1] = '\0';
136 
137 		if (err < 0)
138 			strncpy(reason, opt->flags & PARSE_OPT_CANSKIP ?
139 					"is being ignored" :
140 					"is not available",
141 					sizeof(reason));
142 
143 		if (!(opt->flags & PARSE_OPT_CANSKIP))
144 			return opterror(opt, reason, flags);
145 
146 		err = 0;
147 		if (unset)
148 			noarg = true;
149 		if (opt->flags & PARSE_OPT_NOARG)
150 			noarg = true;
151 		if (opt->flags & PARSE_OPT_OPTARG && !p->opt)
152 			noarg = true;
153 
154 		switch (opt->type) {
155 		case OPTION_BOOLEAN:
156 		case OPTION_INCR:
157 		case OPTION_BIT:
158 		case OPTION_SET_UINT:
159 		case OPTION_SET_PTR:
160 		case OPTION_END:
161 		case OPTION_ARGUMENT:
162 		case OPTION_GROUP:
163 			noarg = true;
164 			break;
165 		case OPTION_CALLBACK:
166 		case OPTION_STRING:
167 		case OPTION_INTEGER:
168 		case OPTION_UINTEGER:
169 		case OPTION_LONG:
170 		case OPTION_ULONG:
171 		case OPTION_U64:
172 		default:
173 			break;
174 		}
175 
176 		if (!noarg)
177 			err = get_arg(p, opt, flags, NULL);
178 		if (err)
179 			return err;
180 
181 		optwarning(opt, reason, flags);
182 		return 0;
183 	}
184 
185 	switch (opt->type) {
186 	case OPTION_BIT:
187 		if (unset)
188 			*(int *)opt->value &= ~opt->defval;
189 		else
190 			*(int *)opt->value |= opt->defval;
191 		return 0;
192 
193 	case OPTION_BOOLEAN:
194 		*(bool *)opt->value = unset ? false : true;
195 		if (opt->set)
196 			*(bool *)opt->set = true;
197 		return 0;
198 
199 	case OPTION_INCR:
200 		*(int *)opt->value = unset ? 0 : *(int *)opt->value + 1;
201 		return 0;
202 
203 	case OPTION_SET_UINT:
204 		*(unsigned int *)opt->value = unset ? 0 : opt->defval;
205 		return 0;
206 
207 	case OPTION_SET_PTR:
208 		*(void **)opt->value = unset ? NULL : (void *)opt->defval;
209 		return 0;
210 
211 	case OPTION_STRING:
212 		err = 0;
213 		if (unset)
214 			*(const char **)opt->value = NULL;
215 		else if (opt->flags & PARSE_OPT_OPTARG && !p->opt)
216 			*(const char **)opt->value = (const char *)opt->defval;
217 		else
218 			err = get_arg(p, opt, flags, (const char **)opt->value);
219 
220 		if (opt->set)
221 			*(bool *)opt->set = true;
222 
223 		/* PARSE_OPT_NOEMPTY: Allow NULL but disallow empty string. */
224 		if (opt->flags & PARSE_OPT_NOEMPTY) {
225 			const char *val = *(const char **)opt->value;
226 
227 			if (!val)
228 				return err;
229 
230 			/* Similar to unset if we are given an empty string. */
231 			if (val[0] == '\0') {
232 				*(const char **)opt->value = NULL;
233 				return 0;
234 			}
235 		}
236 
237 		return err;
238 
239 	case OPTION_CALLBACK:
240 		if (opt->set)
241 			*(bool *)opt->set = true;
242 
243 		if (unset)
244 			return (*opt->callback)(opt, NULL, 1) ? (-1) : 0;
245 		if (opt->flags & PARSE_OPT_NOARG)
246 			return (*opt->callback)(opt, NULL, 0) ? (-1) : 0;
247 		if (opt->flags & PARSE_OPT_OPTARG && !p->opt)
248 			return (*opt->callback)(opt, NULL, 0) ? (-1) : 0;
249 		if (get_arg(p, opt, flags, &arg))
250 			return -1;
251 		return (*opt->callback)(opt, arg, 0) ? (-1) : 0;
252 
253 	case OPTION_INTEGER:
254 		if (unset) {
255 			*(int *)opt->value = 0;
256 			return 0;
257 		}
258 		if (opt->flags & PARSE_OPT_OPTARG && !p->opt) {
259 			*(int *)opt->value = opt->defval;
260 			return 0;
261 		}
262 		if (get_arg(p, opt, flags, &arg))
263 			return -1;
264 		*(int *)opt->value = strtol(arg, (char **)&s, 10);
265 		if (*s)
266 			return opterror(opt, "expects a numerical value", flags);
267 		return 0;
268 
269 	case OPTION_UINTEGER:
270 		if (unset) {
271 			*(unsigned int *)opt->value = 0;
272 			return 0;
273 		}
274 		if (opt->flags & PARSE_OPT_OPTARG && !p->opt) {
275 			*(unsigned int *)opt->value = opt->defval;
276 			return 0;
277 		}
278 		if (get_arg(p, opt, flags, &arg))
279 			return -1;
280 		if (arg[0] == '-')
281 			return opterror(opt, "expects an unsigned numerical value", flags);
282 		*(unsigned int *)opt->value = strtol(arg, (char **)&s, 10);
283 		if (*s)
284 			return opterror(opt, "expects a numerical value", flags);
285 		return 0;
286 
287 	case OPTION_LONG:
288 		if (unset) {
289 			*(long *)opt->value = 0;
290 			return 0;
291 		}
292 		if (opt->flags & PARSE_OPT_OPTARG && !p->opt) {
293 			*(long *)opt->value = opt->defval;
294 			return 0;
295 		}
296 		if (get_arg(p, opt, flags, &arg))
297 			return -1;
298 		*(long *)opt->value = strtol(arg, (char **)&s, 10);
299 		if (*s)
300 			return opterror(opt, "expects a numerical value", flags);
301 		return 0;
302 
303 	case OPTION_ULONG:
304 		if (unset) {
305 			*(unsigned long *)opt->value = 0;
306 			return 0;
307 		}
308 		if (opt->flags & PARSE_OPT_OPTARG && !p->opt) {
309 			*(unsigned long *)opt->value = opt->defval;
310 			return 0;
311 		}
312 		if (get_arg(p, opt, flags, &arg))
313 			return -1;
314 		*(unsigned long *)opt->value = strtoul(arg, (char **)&s, 10);
315 		if (*s)
316 			return opterror(opt, "expects a numerical value", flags);
317 		return 0;
318 
319 	case OPTION_U64:
320 		if (unset) {
321 			*(u64 *)opt->value = 0;
322 			return 0;
323 		}
324 		if (opt->flags & PARSE_OPT_OPTARG && !p->opt) {
325 			*(u64 *)opt->value = opt->defval;
326 			return 0;
327 		}
328 		if (get_arg(p, opt, flags, &arg))
329 			return -1;
330 		if (arg[0] == '-')
331 			return opterror(opt, "expects an unsigned numerical value", flags);
332 		*(u64 *)opt->value = strtoull(arg, (char **)&s, 10);
333 		if (*s)
334 			return opterror(opt, "expects a numerical value", flags);
335 		return 0;
336 
337 	case OPTION_END:
338 	case OPTION_ARGUMENT:
339 	case OPTION_GROUP:
340 	default:
341 		die("should not happen, someone must be hit on the forehead");
342 	}
343 }
344 
345 static int parse_short_opt(struct parse_opt_ctx_t *p, const struct option *options)
346 {
347 retry:
348 	for (; options->type != OPTION_END; options++) {
349 		if (options->short_name == *p->opt) {
350 			p->opt = p->opt[1] ? p->opt + 1 : NULL;
351 			return get_value(p, options, OPT_SHORT);
352 		}
353 	}
354 
355 	if (options->parent) {
356 		options = options->parent;
357 		goto retry;
358 	}
359 
360 	return -2;
361 }
362 
363 static int parse_long_opt(struct parse_opt_ctx_t *p, const char *arg,
364                           const struct option *options)
365 {
366 	const char *arg_end = strchr(arg, '=');
367 	const struct option *abbrev_option = NULL, *ambiguous_option = NULL;
368 	int abbrev_flags = 0, ambiguous_flags = 0;
369 
370 	if (!arg_end)
371 		arg_end = arg + strlen(arg);
372 
373 retry:
374 	for (; options->type != OPTION_END; options++) {
375 		const char *rest;
376 		int flags = 0;
377 
378 		if (!options->long_name)
379 			continue;
380 
381 		rest = skip_prefix(arg, options->long_name);
382 		if (options->type == OPTION_ARGUMENT) {
383 			if (!rest)
384 				continue;
385 			if (*rest == '=')
386 				return opterror(options, "takes no value", flags);
387 			if (*rest)
388 				continue;
389 			p->out[p->cpidx++] = arg - 2;
390 			return 0;
391 		}
392 		if (!rest) {
393 			if (strstarts(options->long_name, "no-")) {
394 				/*
395 				 * The long name itself starts with "no-", so
396 				 * accept the option without "no-" so that users
397 				 * do not have to enter "no-no-" to get the
398 				 * negation.
399 				 */
400 				rest = skip_prefix(arg, options->long_name + 3);
401 				if (rest) {
402 					flags |= OPT_UNSET;
403 					goto match;
404 				}
405 				/* Abbreviated case */
406 				if (strstarts(options->long_name + 3, arg)) {
407 					flags |= OPT_UNSET;
408 					goto is_abbreviated;
409 				}
410 			}
411 			/* abbreviated? */
412 			if (!strncmp(options->long_name, arg, arg_end - arg)) {
413 is_abbreviated:
414 				if (abbrev_option) {
415 					/*
416 					 * If this is abbreviated, it is
417 					 * ambiguous. So when there is no
418 					 * exact match later, we need to
419 					 * error out.
420 					 */
421 					ambiguous_option = abbrev_option;
422 					ambiguous_flags = abbrev_flags;
423 				}
424 				if (!(flags & OPT_UNSET) && *arg_end)
425 					p->opt = arg_end + 1;
426 				abbrev_option = options;
427 				abbrev_flags = flags;
428 				continue;
429 			}
430 			/* negated and abbreviated very much? */
431 			if (strstarts("no-", arg)) {
432 				flags |= OPT_UNSET;
433 				goto is_abbreviated;
434 			}
435 			/* negated? */
436 			if (strncmp(arg, "no-", 3))
437 				continue;
438 			flags |= OPT_UNSET;
439 			rest = skip_prefix(arg + 3, options->long_name);
440 			/* abbreviated and negated? */
441 			if (!rest && strstarts(options->long_name, arg + 3))
442 				goto is_abbreviated;
443 			if (!rest)
444 				continue;
445 		}
446 match:
447 		if (*rest) {
448 			if (*rest != '=')
449 				continue;
450 			p->opt = rest + 1;
451 		}
452 		return get_value(p, options, flags);
453 	}
454 
455 	if (ambiguous_option) {
456 		 fprintf(stderr,
457 			 " Error: Ambiguous option: %s (could be --%s%s or --%s%s)\n",
458 			 arg,
459 			 (ambiguous_flags & OPT_UNSET) ?  "no-" : "",
460 			 ambiguous_option->long_name,
461 			 (abbrev_flags & OPT_UNSET) ?  "no-" : "",
462 			 abbrev_option->long_name);
463 		 return -1;
464 	}
465 	if (abbrev_option)
466 		return get_value(p, abbrev_option, abbrev_flags);
467 
468 	if (options->parent) {
469 		options = options->parent;
470 		goto retry;
471 	}
472 
473 	return -2;
474 }
475 
476 static void check_typos(const char *arg, const struct option *options)
477 {
478 	if (strlen(arg) < 3)
479 		return;
480 
481 	if (strstarts(arg, "no-")) {
482 		fprintf(stderr, " Error: did you mean `--%s` (with two dashes ?)\n", arg);
483 		exit(129);
484 	}
485 
486 	for (; options->type != OPTION_END; options++) {
487 		if (!options->long_name)
488 			continue;
489 		if (strstarts(options->long_name, arg)) {
490 			fprintf(stderr, " Error: did you mean `--%s` (with two dashes ?)\n", arg);
491 			exit(129);
492 		}
493 	}
494 }
495 
496 static void parse_options_start(struct parse_opt_ctx_t *ctx,
497 				int argc, const char **argv, int flags)
498 {
499 	memset(ctx, 0, sizeof(*ctx));
500 	ctx->argc = argc - 1;
501 	ctx->argv = argv + 1;
502 	ctx->out  = argv;
503 	ctx->cpidx = ((flags & PARSE_OPT_KEEP_ARGV0) != 0);
504 	ctx->flags = flags;
505 	if ((flags & PARSE_OPT_KEEP_UNKNOWN) &&
506 	    (flags & PARSE_OPT_STOP_AT_NON_OPTION))
507 		die("STOP_AT_NON_OPTION and KEEP_UNKNOWN don't go together");
508 }
509 
510 static int usage_with_options_internal(const char * const *,
511 				       const struct option *, int,
512 				       struct parse_opt_ctx_t *);
513 
514 static int parse_options_step(struct parse_opt_ctx_t *ctx,
515 			      const struct option *options,
516 			      const char * const usagestr[])
517 {
518 	int internal_help = !(ctx->flags & PARSE_OPT_NO_INTERNAL_HELP);
519 	int excl_short_opt = 1;
520 	const char *arg;
521 
522 	/* we must reset ->opt, unknown short option leave it dangling */
523 	ctx->opt = NULL;
524 
525 	for (; ctx->argc; ctx->argc--, ctx->argv++) {
526 		arg = ctx->argv[0];
527 		if (*arg != '-' || !arg[1]) {
528 			if (ctx->flags & PARSE_OPT_STOP_AT_NON_OPTION)
529 				break;
530 			ctx->out[ctx->cpidx++] = ctx->argv[0];
531 			continue;
532 		}
533 
534 		if (arg[1] != '-') {
535 			ctx->opt = ++arg;
536 			if (internal_help && *ctx->opt == 'h') {
537 				return usage_with_options_internal(usagestr, options, 0, ctx);
538 			}
539 			switch (parse_short_opt(ctx, options)) {
540 			case -1:
541 				return parse_options_usage(usagestr, options, arg, 1);
542 			case -2:
543 				goto unknown;
544 			case -3:
545 				goto exclusive;
546 			default:
547 				break;
548 			}
549 			if (ctx->opt)
550 				check_typos(arg, options);
551 			while (ctx->opt) {
552 				if (internal_help && *ctx->opt == 'h')
553 					return usage_with_options_internal(usagestr, options, 0, ctx);
554 				arg = ctx->opt;
555 				switch (parse_short_opt(ctx, options)) {
556 				case -1:
557 					return parse_options_usage(usagestr, options, arg, 1);
558 				case -2:
559 					/* fake a short option thing to hide the fact that we may have
560 					 * started to parse aggregated stuff
561 					 *
562 					 * This is leaky, too bad.
563 					 */
564 					ctx->argv[0] = strdup(ctx->opt - 1);
565 					*(char *)ctx->argv[0] = '-';
566 					goto unknown;
567 				case -3:
568 					goto exclusive;
569 				default:
570 					break;
571 				}
572 			}
573 			continue;
574 		}
575 
576 		if (!arg[2]) { /* "--" */
577 			if (!(ctx->flags & PARSE_OPT_KEEP_DASHDASH)) {
578 				ctx->argc--;
579 				ctx->argv++;
580 			}
581 			break;
582 		}
583 
584 		arg += 2;
585 		if (internal_help && !strcmp(arg, "help-all"))
586 			return usage_with_options_internal(usagestr, options, 1, ctx);
587 		if (internal_help && !strcmp(arg, "help"))
588 			return usage_with_options_internal(usagestr, options, 0, ctx);
589 		if (!strcmp(arg, "list-opts"))
590 			return PARSE_OPT_LIST_OPTS;
591 		if (!strcmp(arg, "list-cmds"))
592 			return PARSE_OPT_LIST_SUBCMDS;
593 		switch (parse_long_opt(ctx, arg, options)) {
594 		case -1:
595 			return parse_options_usage(usagestr, options, arg, 0);
596 		case -2:
597 			goto unknown;
598 		case -3:
599 			excl_short_opt = 0;
600 			goto exclusive;
601 		default:
602 			break;
603 		}
604 		continue;
605 unknown:
606 		if (!(ctx->flags & PARSE_OPT_KEEP_UNKNOWN))
607 			return PARSE_OPT_UNKNOWN;
608 		ctx->out[ctx->cpidx++] = ctx->argv[0];
609 		ctx->opt = NULL;
610 	}
611 	return PARSE_OPT_DONE;
612 
613 exclusive:
614 	parse_options_usage(usagestr, options, arg, excl_short_opt);
615 	if ((excl_short_opt && ctx->excl_opt->short_name) ||
616 	    ctx->excl_opt->long_name == NULL) {
617 		char opt = ctx->excl_opt->short_name;
618 		parse_options_usage(NULL, options, &opt, 1);
619 	} else {
620 		parse_options_usage(NULL, options, ctx->excl_opt->long_name, 0);
621 	}
622 	return PARSE_OPT_HELP;
623 }
624 
625 static int parse_options_end(struct parse_opt_ctx_t *ctx)
626 {
627 	memmove(ctx->out + ctx->cpidx, ctx->argv, ctx->argc * sizeof(*ctx->out));
628 	ctx->out[ctx->cpidx + ctx->argc] = NULL;
629 	return ctx->cpidx + ctx->argc;
630 }
631 
632 int parse_options_subcommand(int argc, const char **argv, const struct option *options,
633 			const char *const subcommands[], const char *usagestr[], int flags)
634 {
635 	struct parse_opt_ctx_t ctx;
636 
637 	/* build usage string if it's not provided */
638 	if (subcommands && !usagestr[0]) {
639 		char *buf = NULL;
640 
641 		astrcatf(&buf, "%s %s [<options>] {", subcmd_config.exec_name, argv[0]);
642 
643 		for (int i = 0; subcommands[i]; i++) {
644 			if (i)
645 				astrcat(&buf, "|");
646 			astrcat(&buf, subcommands[i]);
647 		}
648 		astrcat(&buf, "}");
649 
650 		usagestr[0] = buf;
651 	}
652 
653 	parse_options_start(&ctx, argc, argv, flags);
654 	switch (parse_options_step(&ctx, options, usagestr)) {
655 	case PARSE_OPT_HELP:
656 		exit(129);
657 	case PARSE_OPT_DONE:
658 		break;
659 	case PARSE_OPT_LIST_OPTS:
660 		while (options->type != OPTION_END) {
661 			if (options->long_name)
662 				printf("--%s ", options->long_name);
663 			options++;
664 		}
665 		putchar('\n');
666 		exit(130);
667 	case PARSE_OPT_LIST_SUBCMDS:
668 		if (subcommands) {
669 			for (int i = 0; subcommands[i]; i++)
670 				printf("%s ", subcommands[i]);
671 		}
672 		putchar('\n');
673 		exit(130);
674 	default: /* PARSE_OPT_UNKNOWN */
675 		if (ctx.argv[0][1] == '-')
676 			astrcatf(&error_buf, "unknown option `%s'",
677 				 ctx.argv[0] + 2);
678 		else
679 			astrcatf(&error_buf, "unknown switch `%c'", *ctx.opt);
680 		usage_with_options(usagestr, options);
681 	}
682 
683 	return parse_options_end(&ctx);
684 }
685 
686 int parse_options(int argc, const char **argv, const struct option *options,
687 		  const char * const usagestr[], int flags)
688 {
689 	return parse_options_subcommand(argc, argv, options, NULL,
690 					(const char **) usagestr, flags);
691 }
692 
693 #define USAGE_OPTS_WIDTH 24
694 #define USAGE_GAP         2
695 
696 static void print_option_help(const struct option *opts, int full)
697 {
698 	size_t pos;
699 	int pad;
700 
701 	if (opts->type == OPTION_GROUP) {
702 		fputc('\n', stderr);
703 		if (*opts->help)
704 			fprintf(stderr, "%s\n", opts->help);
705 		return;
706 	}
707 	if (!full && (opts->flags & PARSE_OPT_HIDDEN))
708 		return;
709 	if (opts->flags & PARSE_OPT_DISABLED)
710 		return;
711 
712 	pos = fprintf(stderr, "    ");
713 	if (opts->short_name)
714 		pos += fprintf(stderr, "-%c", opts->short_name);
715 	else
716 		pos += fprintf(stderr, "    ");
717 
718 	if (opts->long_name && opts->short_name)
719 		pos += fprintf(stderr, ", ");
720 	if (opts->long_name)
721 		pos += fprintf(stderr, "--%s", opts->long_name);
722 
723 	switch (opts->type) {
724 	case OPTION_ARGUMENT:
725 		break;
726 	case OPTION_LONG:
727 	case OPTION_ULONG:
728 	case OPTION_U64:
729 	case OPTION_INTEGER:
730 	case OPTION_UINTEGER:
731 		if (opts->flags & PARSE_OPT_OPTARG)
732 			if (opts->long_name)
733 				pos += fprintf(stderr, "[=<n>]");
734 			else
735 				pos += fprintf(stderr, "[<n>]");
736 		else
737 			pos += fprintf(stderr, " <n>");
738 		break;
739 	case OPTION_CALLBACK:
740 		if (opts->flags & PARSE_OPT_NOARG)
741 			break;
742 		/* FALLTHROUGH */
743 	case OPTION_STRING:
744 		if (opts->argh) {
745 			if (opts->flags & PARSE_OPT_OPTARG)
746 				if (opts->long_name)
747 					pos += fprintf(stderr, "[=<%s>]", opts->argh);
748 				else
749 					pos += fprintf(stderr, "[<%s>]", opts->argh);
750 			else
751 				pos += fprintf(stderr, " <%s>", opts->argh);
752 		} else {
753 			if (opts->flags & PARSE_OPT_OPTARG)
754 				if (opts->long_name)
755 					pos += fprintf(stderr, "[=...]");
756 				else
757 					pos += fprintf(stderr, "[...]");
758 			else
759 				pos += fprintf(stderr, " ...");
760 		}
761 		break;
762 	default: /* OPTION_{BIT,BOOLEAN,SET_UINT,SET_PTR} */
763 	case OPTION_END:
764 	case OPTION_GROUP:
765 	case OPTION_BIT:
766 	case OPTION_BOOLEAN:
767 	case OPTION_INCR:
768 	case OPTION_SET_UINT:
769 	case OPTION_SET_PTR:
770 		break;
771 	}
772 
773 	if (pos <= USAGE_OPTS_WIDTH)
774 		pad = USAGE_OPTS_WIDTH - pos;
775 	else {
776 		fputc('\n', stderr);
777 		pad = USAGE_OPTS_WIDTH;
778 	}
779 	fprintf(stderr, "%*s%s\n", pad + USAGE_GAP, "", opts->help);
780 	if (opts->flags & PARSE_OPT_NOBUILD)
781 		fprintf(stderr, "%*s(not built-in because %s)\n",
782 			USAGE_OPTS_WIDTH + USAGE_GAP, "",
783 			opts->build_opt);
784 }
785 
786 static int option__cmp(const void *va, const void *vb)
787 {
788 	const struct option *a = va, *b = vb;
789 	int sa = tolower(a->short_name), sb = tolower(b->short_name), ret;
790 
791 	if (sa == 0)
792 		sa = 'z' + 1;
793 	if (sb == 0)
794 		sb = 'z' + 1;
795 
796 	ret = sa - sb;
797 
798 	if (ret == 0) {
799 		const char *la = a->long_name ?: "",
800 			   *lb = b->long_name ?: "";
801 		ret = strcmp(la, lb);
802 	}
803 
804 	return ret;
805 }
806 
807 static struct option *options__order(const struct option *opts)
808 {
809 	int nr_opts = 0, nr_group = 0, len;
810 	const struct option *o = opts;
811 	struct option *opt, *ordered, *group;
812 
813 	for (o = opts; o->type != OPTION_END; o++)
814 		++nr_opts;
815 
816 	len = sizeof(*o) * (nr_opts + 1);
817 	ordered = malloc(len);
818 	if (!ordered)
819 		goto out;
820 	memcpy(ordered, opts, len);
821 
822 	/* sort each option group individually */
823 	for (opt = group = ordered; opt->type != OPTION_END; opt++) {
824 		if (opt->type == OPTION_GROUP) {
825 			qsort(group, nr_group, sizeof(*opt), option__cmp);
826 			group = opt + 1;
827 			nr_group = 0;
828 			continue;
829 		}
830 		nr_group++;
831 	}
832 	qsort(group, nr_group, sizeof(*opt), option__cmp);
833 
834 out:
835 	return ordered;
836 }
837 
838 static bool option__in_argv(const struct option *opt, const struct parse_opt_ctx_t *ctx)
839 {
840 	int i;
841 
842 	for (i = 1; i < ctx->argc; ++i) {
843 		const char *arg = ctx->argv[i];
844 
845 		if (arg[0] != '-') {
846 			if (arg[1] == '\0') {
847 				if (arg[0] == opt->short_name)
848 					return true;
849 				continue;
850 			}
851 
852 			if (opt->long_name && strcmp(opt->long_name, arg) == 0)
853 				return true;
854 
855 			if (opt->help && strcasestr(opt->help, arg) != NULL)
856 				return true;
857 
858 			continue;
859 		}
860 
861 		if (arg[1] == opt->short_name ||
862 		    (arg[1] == '-' && opt->long_name && strcmp(opt->long_name, arg + 2) == 0))
863 			return true;
864 	}
865 
866 	return false;
867 }
868 
869 static int usage_with_options_internal(const char * const *usagestr,
870 				       const struct option *opts, int full,
871 				       struct parse_opt_ctx_t *ctx)
872 {
873 	struct option *ordered;
874 
875 	if (!usagestr)
876 		return PARSE_OPT_HELP;
877 
878 	setup_pager();
879 
880 	if (error_buf) {
881 		fprintf(stderr, "  Error: %s\n", error_buf);
882 		zfree(&error_buf);
883 	}
884 
885 	fprintf(stderr, "\n Usage: %s\n", *usagestr++);
886 	while (*usagestr && **usagestr)
887 		fprintf(stderr, "    or: %s\n", *usagestr++);
888 	while (*usagestr) {
889 		fprintf(stderr, "%s%s\n",
890 				**usagestr ? "    " : "",
891 				*usagestr);
892 		usagestr++;
893 	}
894 
895 	if (opts->type != OPTION_GROUP)
896 		fputc('\n', stderr);
897 
898 	ordered = options__order(opts);
899 	if (ordered)
900 		opts = ordered;
901 
902 	for (  ; opts->type != OPTION_END; opts++) {
903 		if (ctx && ctx->argc > 1 && !option__in_argv(opts, ctx))
904 			continue;
905 		print_option_help(opts, full);
906 	}
907 
908 	fputc('\n', stderr);
909 
910 	free(ordered);
911 
912 	return PARSE_OPT_HELP;
913 }
914 
915 void usage_with_options(const char * const *usagestr,
916 			const struct option *opts)
917 {
918 	usage_with_options_internal(usagestr, opts, 0, NULL);
919 	exit(129);
920 }
921 
922 void usage_with_options_msg(const char * const *usagestr,
923 			    const struct option *opts, const char *fmt, ...)
924 {
925 	va_list ap;
926 	char *tmp = error_buf;
927 
928 	va_start(ap, fmt);
929 	if (vasprintf(&error_buf, fmt, ap) == -1)
930 		die("vasprintf failed");
931 	va_end(ap);
932 
933 	free(tmp);
934 
935 	usage_with_options_internal(usagestr, opts, 0, NULL);
936 	exit(129);
937 }
938 
939 int parse_options_usage(const char * const *usagestr,
940 			const struct option *opts,
941 			const char *optstr, bool short_opt)
942 {
943 	if (!usagestr)
944 		goto opt;
945 
946 	fprintf(stderr, "\n Usage: %s\n", *usagestr++);
947 	while (*usagestr && **usagestr)
948 		fprintf(stderr, "    or: %s\n", *usagestr++);
949 	while (*usagestr) {
950 		fprintf(stderr, "%s%s\n",
951 				**usagestr ? "    " : "",
952 				*usagestr);
953 		usagestr++;
954 	}
955 	fputc('\n', stderr);
956 
957 opt:
958 	for (  ; opts->type != OPTION_END; opts++) {
959 		if (short_opt) {
960 			if (opts->short_name == *optstr) {
961 				print_option_help(opts, 0);
962 				break;
963 			}
964 			continue;
965 		}
966 
967 		if (opts->long_name == NULL)
968 			continue;
969 
970 		if (strstarts(opts->long_name, optstr))
971 			print_option_help(opts, 0);
972 		if (strstarts("no-", optstr) &&
973 		    strstarts(opts->long_name, optstr + 3))
974 			print_option_help(opts, 0);
975 	}
976 
977 	return PARSE_OPT_HELP;
978 }
979 
980 
981 int parse_opt_verbosity_cb(const struct option *opt,
982 			   const char *arg __maybe_unused,
983 			   int unset)
984 {
985 	int *target = opt->value;
986 
987 	if (unset)
988 		/* --no-quiet, --no-verbose */
989 		*target = 0;
990 	else if (opt->short_name == 'v') {
991 		if (*target >= 0)
992 			(*target)++;
993 		else
994 			*target = 1;
995 	} else {
996 		if (*target <= 0)
997 			(*target)--;
998 		else
999 			*target = -1;
1000 	}
1001 	return 0;
1002 }
1003 
1004 static struct option *
1005 find_option(struct option *opts, int shortopt, const char *longopt)
1006 {
1007 	for (; opts->type != OPTION_END; opts++) {
1008 		if ((shortopt && opts->short_name == shortopt) ||
1009 		    (opts->long_name && longopt &&
1010 		     !strcmp(opts->long_name, longopt)))
1011 			return opts;
1012 	}
1013 	return NULL;
1014 }
1015 
1016 void set_option_flag(struct option *opts, int shortopt, const char *longopt,
1017 		     int flag)
1018 {
1019 	struct option *opt = find_option(opts, shortopt, longopt);
1020 
1021 	if (opt)
1022 		opt->flags |= flag;
1023 	return;
1024 }
1025 
1026 void set_option_nobuild(struct option *opts, int shortopt,
1027 			const char *longopt,
1028 			const char *build_opt,
1029 			bool can_skip)
1030 {
1031 	struct option *opt = find_option(opts, shortopt, longopt);
1032 
1033 	if (!opt)
1034 		return;
1035 
1036 	opt->flags |= PARSE_OPT_NOBUILD;
1037 	opt->flags |= can_skip ? PARSE_OPT_CANSKIP : 0;
1038 	opt->build_opt = build_opt;
1039 }
1040