xref: /linux/tools/lib/bpf/libbpf.h (revision ba95c7452439756d4f6dceb5a188b7c31dbbe5b6)
1 /* SPDX-License-Identifier: (LGPL-2.1 OR BSD-2-Clause) */
2 
3 /*
4  * Common eBPF ELF object loading operations.
5  *
6  * Copyright (C) 2013-2015 Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
7  * Copyright (C) 2015 Wang Nan <wangnan0@huawei.com>
8  * Copyright (C) 2015 Huawei Inc.
9  */
10 #ifndef __LIBBPF_LIBBPF_H
11 #define __LIBBPF_LIBBPF_H
12 
13 #include <stdarg.h>
14 #include <stdio.h>
15 #include <stdint.h>
16 #include <stdbool.h>
17 #include <sys/types.h>  // for size_t
18 #include <linux/bpf.h>
19 
20 #ifdef __cplusplus
21 extern "C" {
22 #endif
23 
24 #ifndef LIBBPF_API
25 #define LIBBPF_API __attribute__((visibility("default")))
26 #endif
27 
28 enum libbpf_errno {
29 	__LIBBPF_ERRNO__START = 4000,
30 
31 	/* Something wrong in libelf */
32 	LIBBPF_ERRNO__LIBELF = __LIBBPF_ERRNO__START,
33 	LIBBPF_ERRNO__FORMAT,	/* BPF object format invalid */
34 	LIBBPF_ERRNO__KVERSION,	/* Incorrect or no 'version' section */
35 	LIBBPF_ERRNO__ENDIAN,	/* Endian mismatch */
36 	LIBBPF_ERRNO__INTERNAL,	/* Internal error in libbpf */
37 	LIBBPF_ERRNO__RELOC,	/* Relocation failed */
38 	LIBBPF_ERRNO__LOAD,	/* Load program failure for unknown reason */
39 	LIBBPF_ERRNO__VERIFY,	/* Kernel verifier blocks program loading */
40 	LIBBPF_ERRNO__PROG2BIG,	/* Program too big */
41 	LIBBPF_ERRNO__KVER,	/* Incorrect kernel version */
42 	LIBBPF_ERRNO__PROGTYPE,	/* Kernel doesn't support this program type */
43 	LIBBPF_ERRNO__WRNGPID,	/* Wrong pid in netlink message */
44 	LIBBPF_ERRNO__INVSEQ,	/* Invalid netlink sequence */
45 	LIBBPF_ERRNO__NLPARSE,	/* netlink parsing error */
46 	__LIBBPF_ERRNO__END,
47 };
48 
49 LIBBPF_API int libbpf_strerror(int err, char *buf, size_t size);
50 
51 enum libbpf_print_level {
52         LIBBPF_WARN,
53         LIBBPF_INFO,
54         LIBBPF_DEBUG,
55 };
56 
57 typedef int (*libbpf_print_fn_t)(enum libbpf_print_level level,
58 				 const char *, va_list ap);
59 
60 LIBBPF_API void libbpf_set_print(libbpf_print_fn_t fn);
61 
62 /* Hide internal to user */
63 struct bpf_object;
64 
65 struct bpf_object_open_attr {
66 	const char *file;
67 	enum bpf_prog_type prog_type;
68 };
69 
70 LIBBPF_API struct bpf_object *bpf_object__open(const char *path);
71 LIBBPF_API struct bpf_object *
72 bpf_object__open_xattr(struct bpf_object_open_attr *attr);
73 struct bpf_object *__bpf_object__open_xattr(struct bpf_object_open_attr *attr,
74 					    int flags);
75 LIBBPF_API struct bpf_object *bpf_object__open_buffer(void *obj_buf,
76 						      size_t obj_buf_sz,
77 						      const char *name);
78 int bpf_object__section_size(const struct bpf_object *obj, const char *name,
79 			     __u32 *size);
80 int bpf_object__variable_offset(const struct bpf_object *obj, const char *name,
81 				__u32 *off);
82 LIBBPF_API int bpf_object__pin_maps(struct bpf_object *obj, const char *path);
83 LIBBPF_API int bpf_object__unpin_maps(struct bpf_object *obj,
84 				      const char *path);
85 LIBBPF_API int bpf_object__pin_programs(struct bpf_object *obj,
86 					const char *path);
87 LIBBPF_API int bpf_object__unpin_programs(struct bpf_object *obj,
88 					  const char *path);
89 LIBBPF_API int bpf_object__pin(struct bpf_object *object, const char *path);
90 LIBBPF_API void bpf_object__close(struct bpf_object *object);
91 
92 struct bpf_object_load_attr {
93 	struct bpf_object *obj;
94 	int log_level;
95 };
96 
97 /* Load/unload object into/from kernel */
98 LIBBPF_API int bpf_object__load(struct bpf_object *obj);
99 LIBBPF_API int bpf_object__load_xattr(struct bpf_object_load_attr *attr);
100 LIBBPF_API int bpf_object__unload(struct bpf_object *obj);
101 LIBBPF_API const char *bpf_object__name(const struct bpf_object *obj);
102 LIBBPF_API unsigned int bpf_object__kversion(const struct bpf_object *obj);
103 
104 struct btf;
105 LIBBPF_API struct btf *bpf_object__btf(const struct bpf_object *obj);
106 LIBBPF_API int bpf_object__btf_fd(const struct bpf_object *obj);
107 
108 LIBBPF_API struct bpf_program *
109 bpf_object__find_program_by_title(const struct bpf_object *obj,
110 				  const char *title);
111 
112 LIBBPF_API struct bpf_object *bpf_object__next(struct bpf_object *prev);
113 #define bpf_object__for_each_safe(pos, tmp)			\
114 	for ((pos) = bpf_object__next(NULL),		\
115 		(tmp) = bpf_object__next(pos);		\
116 	     (pos) != NULL;				\
117 	     (pos) = (tmp), (tmp) = bpf_object__next(tmp))
118 
119 typedef void (*bpf_object_clear_priv_t)(struct bpf_object *, void *);
120 LIBBPF_API int bpf_object__set_priv(struct bpf_object *obj, void *priv,
121 				    bpf_object_clear_priv_t clear_priv);
122 LIBBPF_API void *bpf_object__priv(const struct bpf_object *prog);
123 
124 LIBBPF_API int
125 libbpf_prog_type_by_name(const char *name, enum bpf_prog_type *prog_type,
126 			 enum bpf_attach_type *expected_attach_type);
127 LIBBPF_API int libbpf_attach_type_by_name(const char *name,
128 					  enum bpf_attach_type *attach_type);
129 
130 /* Accessors of bpf_program */
131 struct bpf_program;
132 LIBBPF_API struct bpf_program *bpf_program__next(struct bpf_program *prog,
133 						 const struct bpf_object *obj);
134 
135 #define bpf_object__for_each_program(pos, obj)		\
136 	for ((pos) = bpf_program__next(NULL, (obj));	\
137 	     (pos) != NULL;				\
138 	     (pos) = bpf_program__next((pos), (obj)))
139 
140 LIBBPF_API struct bpf_program *bpf_program__prev(struct bpf_program *prog,
141 						 const struct bpf_object *obj);
142 
143 typedef void (*bpf_program_clear_priv_t)(struct bpf_program *, void *);
144 
145 LIBBPF_API int bpf_program__set_priv(struct bpf_program *prog, void *priv,
146 				     bpf_program_clear_priv_t clear_priv);
147 
148 LIBBPF_API void *bpf_program__priv(const struct bpf_program *prog);
149 LIBBPF_API void bpf_program__set_ifindex(struct bpf_program *prog,
150 					 __u32 ifindex);
151 
152 LIBBPF_API const char *bpf_program__title(const struct bpf_program *prog,
153 					  bool needs_copy);
154 
155 LIBBPF_API int bpf_program__load(struct bpf_program *prog, char *license,
156 				 __u32 kern_version);
157 LIBBPF_API int bpf_program__fd(const struct bpf_program *prog);
158 LIBBPF_API int bpf_program__pin_instance(struct bpf_program *prog,
159 					 const char *path,
160 					 int instance);
161 LIBBPF_API int bpf_program__unpin_instance(struct bpf_program *prog,
162 					   const char *path,
163 					   int instance);
164 LIBBPF_API int bpf_program__pin(struct bpf_program *prog, const char *path);
165 LIBBPF_API int bpf_program__unpin(struct bpf_program *prog, const char *path);
166 LIBBPF_API void bpf_program__unload(struct bpf_program *prog);
167 
168 struct bpf_link;
169 
170 LIBBPF_API int bpf_link__destroy(struct bpf_link *link);
171 
172 LIBBPF_API struct bpf_link *
173 bpf_program__attach_perf_event(struct bpf_program *prog, int pfd);
174 LIBBPF_API struct bpf_link *
175 bpf_program__attach_kprobe(struct bpf_program *prog, bool retprobe,
176 			   const char *func_name);
177 LIBBPF_API struct bpf_link *
178 bpf_program__attach_uprobe(struct bpf_program *prog, bool retprobe,
179 			   pid_t pid, const char *binary_path,
180 			   size_t func_offset);
181 LIBBPF_API struct bpf_link *
182 bpf_program__attach_tracepoint(struct bpf_program *prog,
183 			       const char *tp_category,
184 			       const char *tp_name);
185 LIBBPF_API struct bpf_link *
186 bpf_program__attach_raw_tracepoint(struct bpf_program *prog,
187 				   const char *tp_name);
188 
189 struct bpf_insn;
190 
191 /*
192  * Libbpf allows callers to adjust BPF programs before being loaded
193  * into kernel. One program in an object file can be transformed into
194  * multiple variants to be attached to different hooks.
195  *
196  * bpf_program_prep_t, bpf_program__set_prep and bpf_program__nth_fd
197  * form an API for this purpose.
198  *
199  * - bpf_program_prep_t:
200  *   Defines a 'preprocessor', which is a caller defined function
201  *   passed to libbpf through bpf_program__set_prep(), and will be
202  *   called before program is loaded. The processor should adjust
203  *   the program one time for each instance according to the instance id
204  *   passed to it.
205  *
206  * - bpf_program__set_prep:
207  *   Attaches a preprocessor to a BPF program. The number of instances
208  *   that should be created is also passed through this function.
209  *
210  * - bpf_program__nth_fd:
211  *   After the program is loaded, get resulting FD of a given instance
212  *   of the BPF program.
213  *
214  * If bpf_program__set_prep() is not used, the program would be loaded
215  * without adjustment during bpf_object__load(). The program has only
216  * one instance. In this case bpf_program__fd(prog) is equal to
217  * bpf_program__nth_fd(prog, 0).
218  */
219 
220 struct bpf_prog_prep_result {
221 	/*
222 	 * If not NULL, load new instruction array.
223 	 * If set to NULL, don't load this instance.
224 	 */
225 	struct bpf_insn *new_insn_ptr;
226 	int new_insn_cnt;
227 
228 	/* If not NULL, result FD is written to it. */
229 	int *pfd;
230 };
231 
232 /*
233  * Parameters of bpf_program_prep_t:
234  *  - prog:	The bpf_program being loaded.
235  *  - n:	Index of instance being generated.
236  *  - insns:	BPF instructions array.
237  *  - insns_cnt:Number of instructions in insns.
238  *  - res:	Output parameter, result of transformation.
239  *
240  * Return value:
241  *  - Zero:	pre-processing success.
242  *  - Non-zero:	pre-processing error, stop loading.
243  */
244 typedef int (*bpf_program_prep_t)(struct bpf_program *prog, int n,
245 				  struct bpf_insn *insns, int insns_cnt,
246 				  struct bpf_prog_prep_result *res);
247 
248 LIBBPF_API int bpf_program__set_prep(struct bpf_program *prog, int nr_instance,
249 				     bpf_program_prep_t prep);
250 
251 LIBBPF_API int bpf_program__nth_fd(const struct bpf_program *prog, int n);
252 
253 /*
254  * Adjust type of BPF program. Default is kprobe.
255  */
256 LIBBPF_API int bpf_program__set_socket_filter(struct bpf_program *prog);
257 LIBBPF_API int bpf_program__set_tracepoint(struct bpf_program *prog);
258 LIBBPF_API int bpf_program__set_raw_tracepoint(struct bpf_program *prog);
259 LIBBPF_API int bpf_program__set_kprobe(struct bpf_program *prog);
260 LIBBPF_API int bpf_program__set_sched_cls(struct bpf_program *prog);
261 LIBBPF_API int bpf_program__set_sched_act(struct bpf_program *prog);
262 LIBBPF_API int bpf_program__set_xdp(struct bpf_program *prog);
263 LIBBPF_API int bpf_program__set_perf_event(struct bpf_program *prog);
264 LIBBPF_API void bpf_program__set_type(struct bpf_program *prog,
265 				      enum bpf_prog_type type);
266 LIBBPF_API void
267 bpf_program__set_expected_attach_type(struct bpf_program *prog,
268 				      enum bpf_attach_type type);
269 
270 LIBBPF_API bool bpf_program__is_socket_filter(const struct bpf_program *prog);
271 LIBBPF_API bool bpf_program__is_tracepoint(const struct bpf_program *prog);
272 LIBBPF_API bool bpf_program__is_raw_tracepoint(const struct bpf_program *prog);
273 LIBBPF_API bool bpf_program__is_kprobe(const struct bpf_program *prog);
274 LIBBPF_API bool bpf_program__is_sched_cls(const struct bpf_program *prog);
275 LIBBPF_API bool bpf_program__is_sched_act(const struct bpf_program *prog);
276 LIBBPF_API bool bpf_program__is_xdp(const struct bpf_program *prog);
277 LIBBPF_API bool bpf_program__is_perf_event(const struct bpf_program *prog);
278 
279 /*
280  * No need for __attribute__((packed)), all members of 'bpf_map_def'
281  * are all aligned.  In addition, using __attribute__((packed))
282  * would trigger a -Wpacked warning message, and lead to an error
283  * if -Werror is set.
284  */
285 struct bpf_map_def {
286 	unsigned int type;
287 	unsigned int key_size;
288 	unsigned int value_size;
289 	unsigned int max_entries;
290 	unsigned int map_flags;
291 };
292 
293 /*
294  * The 'struct bpf_map' in include/linux/bpf.h is internal to the kernel,
295  * so no need to worry about a name clash.
296  */
297 struct bpf_map;
298 LIBBPF_API struct bpf_map *
299 bpf_object__find_map_by_name(const struct bpf_object *obj, const char *name);
300 
301 LIBBPF_API int
302 bpf_object__find_map_fd_by_name(const struct bpf_object *obj, const char *name);
303 
304 /*
305  * Get bpf_map through the offset of corresponding struct bpf_map_def
306  * in the BPF object file.
307  */
308 LIBBPF_API struct bpf_map *
309 bpf_object__find_map_by_offset(struct bpf_object *obj, size_t offset);
310 
311 LIBBPF_API struct bpf_map *
312 bpf_map__next(const struct bpf_map *map, const struct bpf_object *obj);
313 #define bpf_object__for_each_map(pos, obj)		\
314 	for ((pos) = bpf_map__next(NULL, (obj));	\
315 	     (pos) != NULL;				\
316 	     (pos) = bpf_map__next((pos), (obj)))
317 #define bpf_map__for_each bpf_object__for_each_map
318 
319 LIBBPF_API struct bpf_map *
320 bpf_map__prev(const struct bpf_map *map, const struct bpf_object *obj);
321 
322 LIBBPF_API int bpf_map__fd(const struct bpf_map *map);
323 LIBBPF_API const struct bpf_map_def *bpf_map__def(const struct bpf_map *map);
324 LIBBPF_API const char *bpf_map__name(const struct bpf_map *map);
325 LIBBPF_API __u32 bpf_map__btf_key_type_id(const struct bpf_map *map);
326 LIBBPF_API __u32 bpf_map__btf_value_type_id(const struct bpf_map *map);
327 
328 typedef void (*bpf_map_clear_priv_t)(struct bpf_map *, void *);
329 LIBBPF_API int bpf_map__set_priv(struct bpf_map *map, void *priv,
330 				 bpf_map_clear_priv_t clear_priv);
331 LIBBPF_API void *bpf_map__priv(const struct bpf_map *map);
332 LIBBPF_API int bpf_map__reuse_fd(struct bpf_map *map, int fd);
333 LIBBPF_API int bpf_map__resize(struct bpf_map *map, __u32 max_entries);
334 LIBBPF_API bool bpf_map__is_offload_neutral(const struct bpf_map *map);
335 LIBBPF_API bool bpf_map__is_internal(const struct bpf_map *map);
336 LIBBPF_API void bpf_map__set_ifindex(struct bpf_map *map, __u32 ifindex);
337 LIBBPF_API int bpf_map__pin(struct bpf_map *map, const char *path);
338 LIBBPF_API int bpf_map__unpin(struct bpf_map *map, const char *path);
339 
340 LIBBPF_API int bpf_map__set_inner_map_fd(struct bpf_map *map, int fd);
341 
342 LIBBPF_API long libbpf_get_error(const void *ptr);
343 
344 struct bpf_prog_load_attr {
345 	const char *file;
346 	enum bpf_prog_type prog_type;
347 	enum bpf_attach_type expected_attach_type;
348 	int ifindex;
349 	int log_level;
350 	int prog_flags;
351 };
352 
353 LIBBPF_API int bpf_prog_load_xattr(const struct bpf_prog_load_attr *attr,
354 				   struct bpf_object **pobj, int *prog_fd);
355 LIBBPF_API int bpf_prog_load(const char *file, enum bpf_prog_type type,
356 			     struct bpf_object **pobj, int *prog_fd);
357 
358 LIBBPF_API int bpf_set_link_xdp_fd(int ifindex, int fd, __u32 flags);
359 LIBBPF_API int bpf_get_link_xdp_id(int ifindex, __u32 *prog_id, __u32 flags);
360 
361 enum bpf_perf_event_ret {
362 	LIBBPF_PERF_EVENT_DONE	= 0,
363 	LIBBPF_PERF_EVENT_ERROR	= -1,
364 	LIBBPF_PERF_EVENT_CONT	= -2,
365 };
366 
367 struct perf_event_header;
368 typedef enum bpf_perf_event_ret
369 	(*bpf_perf_event_print_t)(struct perf_event_header *hdr,
370 				  void *private_data);
371 LIBBPF_API enum bpf_perf_event_ret
372 bpf_perf_event_read_simple(void *mmap_mem, size_t mmap_size, size_t page_size,
373 			   void **copy_mem, size_t *copy_size,
374 			   bpf_perf_event_print_t fn, void *private_data);
375 
376 struct nlattr;
377 typedef int (*libbpf_dump_nlmsg_t)(void *cookie, void *msg, struct nlattr **tb);
378 int libbpf_netlink_open(unsigned int *nl_pid);
379 int libbpf_nl_get_link(int sock, unsigned int nl_pid,
380 		       libbpf_dump_nlmsg_t dump_link_nlmsg, void *cookie);
381 int libbpf_nl_get_class(int sock, unsigned int nl_pid, int ifindex,
382 			libbpf_dump_nlmsg_t dump_class_nlmsg, void *cookie);
383 int libbpf_nl_get_qdisc(int sock, unsigned int nl_pid, int ifindex,
384 			libbpf_dump_nlmsg_t dump_qdisc_nlmsg, void *cookie);
385 int libbpf_nl_get_filter(int sock, unsigned int nl_pid, int ifindex, int handle,
386 			 libbpf_dump_nlmsg_t dump_filter_nlmsg, void *cookie);
387 
388 struct bpf_prog_linfo;
389 struct bpf_prog_info;
390 
391 LIBBPF_API void bpf_prog_linfo__free(struct bpf_prog_linfo *prog_linfo);
392 LIBBPF_API struct bpf_prog_linfo *
393 bpf_prog_linfo__new(const struct bpf_prog_info *info);
394 LIBBPF_API const struct bpf_line_info *
395 bpf_prog_linfo__lfind_addr_func(const struct bpf_prog_linfo *prog_linfo,
396 				__u64 addr, __u32 func_idx, __u32 nr_skip);
397 LIBBPF_API const struct bpf_line_info *
398 bpf_prog_linfo__lfind(const struct bpf_prog_linfo *prog_linfo,
399 		      __u32 insn_off, __u32 nr_skip);
400 
401 /*
402  * Probe for supported system features
403  *
404  * Note that running many of these probes in a short amount of time can cause
405  * the kernel to reach the maximal size of lockable memory allowed for the
406  * user, causing subsequent probes to fail. In this case, the caller may want
407  * to adjust that limit with setrlimit().
408  */
409 LIBBPF_API bool bpf_probe_prog_type(enum bpf_prog_type prog_type,
410 				    __u32 ifindex);
411 LIBBPF_API bool bpf_probe_map_type(enum bpf_map_type map_type, __u32 ifindex);
412 LIBBPF_API bool bpf_probe_helper(enum bpf_func_id id,
413 				 enum bpf_prog_type prog_type, __u32 ifindex);
414 
415 /*
416  * Get bpf_prog_info in continuous memory
417  *
418  * struct bpf_prog_info has multiple arrays. The user has option to choose
419  * arrays to fetch from kernel. The following APIs provide an uniform way to
420  * fetch these data. All arrays in bpf_prog_info are stored in a single
421  * continuous memory region. This makes it easy to store the info in a
422  * file.
423  *
424  * Before writing bpf_prog_info_linear to files, it is necessary to
425  * translate pointers in bpf_prog_info to offsets. Helper functions
426  * bpf_program__bpil_addr_to_offs() and bpf_program__bpil_offs_to_addr()
427  * are introduced to switch between pointers and offsets.
428  *
429  * Examples:
430  *   # To fetch map_ids and prog_tags:
431  *   __u64 arrays = (1UL << BPF_PROG_INFO_MAP_IDS) |
432  *           (1UL << BPF_PROG_INFO_PROG_TAGS);
433  *   struct bpf_prog_info_linear *info_linear =
434  *           bpf_program__get_prog_info_linear(fd, arrays);
435  *
436  *   # To save data in file
437  *   bpf_program__bpil_addr_to_offs(info_linear);
438  *   write(f, info_linear, sizeof(*info_linear) + info_linear->data_len);
439  *
440  *   # To read data from file
441  *   read(f, info_linear, <proper_size>);
442  *   bpf_program__bpil_offs_to_addr(info_linear);
443  */
444 enum bpf_prog_info_array {
445 	BPF_PROG_INFO_FIRST_ARRAY = 0,
446 	BPF_PROG_INFO_JITED_INSNS = 0,
447 	BPF_PROG_INFO_XLATED_INSNS,
448 	BPF_PROG_INFO_MAP_IDS,
449 	BPF_PROG_INFO_JITED_KSYMS,
450 	BPF_PROG_INFO_JITED_FUNC_LENS,
451 	BPF_PROG_INFO_FUNC_INFO,
452 	BPF_PROG_INFO_LINE_INFO,
453 	BPF_PROG_INFO_JITED_LINE_INFO,
454 	BPF_PROG_INFO_PROG_TAGS,
455 	BPF_PROG_INFO_LAST_ARRAY,
456 };
457 
458 struct bpf_prog_info_linear {
459 	/* size of struct bpf_prog_info, when the tool is compiled */
460 	__u32			info_len;
461 	/* total bytes allocated for data, round up to 8 bytes */
462 	__u32			data_len;
463 	/* which arrays are included in data */
464 	__u64			arrays;
465 	struct bpf_prog_info	info;
466 	__u8			data[];
467 };
468 
469 LIBBPF_API struct bpf_prog_info_linear *
470 bpf_program__get_prog_info_linear(int fd, __u64 arrays);
471 
472 LIBBPF_API void
473 bpf_program__bpil_addr_to_offs(struct bpf_prog_info_linear *info_linear);
474 
475 LIBBPF_API void
476 bpf_program__bpil_offs_to_addr(struct bpf_prog_info_linear *info_linear);
477 
478 /*
479  * A helper function to get the number of possible CPUs before looking up
480  * per-CPU maps. Negative errno is returned on failure.
481  *
482  * Example usage:
483  *
484  *     int ncpus = libbpf_num_possible_cpus();
485  *     if (ncpus < 0) {
486  *          // error handling
487  *     }
488  *     long values[ncpus];
489  *     bpf_map_lookup_elem(per_cpu_map_fd, key, values);
490  *
491  */
492 LIBBPF_API int libbpf_num_possible_cpus(void);
493 
494 #ifdef __cplusplus
495 } /* extern "C" */
496 #endif
497 
498 #endif /* __LIBBPF_LIBBPF_H */
499