xref: /linux/tools/lib/bpf/libbpf.c (revision 5c35a02c545a7bbe77f3a1ae337d9e29beed079b)
1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: LGPL-2.1
2 
3 /*
4  * Common eBPF ELF object loading operations.
5  *
6  * Copyright (C) 2013-2015 Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
7  * Copyright (C) 2015 Wang Nan <wangnan0@huawei.com>
8  * Copyright (C) 2015 Huawei Inc.
9  * Copyright (C) 2017 Nicira, Inc.
10  *
11  * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
12  * modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
13  * License as published by the Free Software Foundation;
14  * version 2.1 of the License (not later!)
15  *
16  * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
17  * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
18  * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
19  * GNU Lesser General Public License for more details.
20  *
21  * You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
22  * License along with this program; if not,  see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses>
23  */
24 
25 #include <stdlib.h>
26 #include <stdio.h>
27 #include <stdarg.h>
28 #include <libgen.h>
29 #include <inttypes.h>
30 #include <string.h>
31 #include <unistd.h>
32 #include <fcntl.h>
33 #include <errno.h>
34 #include <perf-sys.h>
35 #include <asm/unistd.h>
36 #include <linux/err.h>
37 #include <linux/kernel.h>
38 #include <linux/bpf.h>
39 #include <linux/list.h>
40 #include <linux/limits.h>
41 #include <sys/stat.h>
42 #include <sys/types.h>
43 #include <sys/vfs.h>
44 #include <libelf.h>
45 #include <gelf.h>
46 
47 #include "libbpf.h"
48 #include "bpf.h"
49 #include "btf.h"
50 
51 #ifndef EM_BPF
52 #define EM_BPF 247
53 #endif
54 
55 #ifndef BPF_FS_MAGIC
56 #define BPF_FS_MAGIC		0xcafe4a11
57 #endif
58 
59 #define __printf(a, b)	__attribute__((format(printf, a, b)))
60 
61 __printf(1, 2)
62 static int __base_pr(const char *format, ...)
63 {
64 	va_list args;
65 	int err;
66 
67 	va_start(args, format);
68 	err = vfprintf(stderr, format, args);
69 	va_end(args);
70 	return err;
71 }
72 
73 static __printf(1, 2) libbpf_print_fn_t __pr_warning = __base_pr;
74 static __printf(1, 2) libbpf_print_fn_t __pr_info = __base_pr;
75 static __printf(1, 2) libbpf_print_fn_t __pr_debug;
76 
77 #define __pr(func, fmt, ...)	\
78 do {				\
79 	if ((func))		\
80 		(func)("libbpf: " fmt, ##__VA_ARGS__); \
81 } while (0)
82 
83 #define pr_warning(fmt, ...)	__pr(__pr_warning, fmt, ##__VA_ARGS__)
84 #define pr_info(fmt, ...)	__pr(__pr_info, fmt, ##__VA_ARGS__)
85 #define pr_debug(fmt, ...)	__pr(__pr_debug, fmt, ##__VA_ARGS__)
86 
87 void libbpf_set_print(libbpf_print_fn_t warn,
88 		      libbpf_print_fn_t info,
89 		      libbpf_print_fn_t debug)
90 {
91 	__pr_warning = warn;
92 	__pr_info = info;
93 	__pr_debug = debug;
94 }
95 
96 #define STRERR_BUFSIZE  128
97 
98 #define ERRNO_OFFSET(e)		((e) - __LIBBPF_ERRNO__START)
99 #define ERRCODE_OFFSET(c)	ERRNO_OFFSET(LIBBPF_ERRNO__##c)
100 #define NR_ERRNO	(__LIBBPF_ERRNO__END - __LIBBPF_ERRNO__START)
101 
102 static const char *libbpf_strerror_table[NR_ERRNO] = {
103 	[ERRCODE_OFFSET(LIBELF)]	= "Something wrong in libelf",
104 	[ERRCODE_OFFSET(FORMAT)]	= "BPF object format invalid",
105 	[ERRCODE_OFFSET(KVERSION)]	= "'version' section incorrect or lost",
106 	[ERRCODE_OFFSET(ENDIAN)]	= "Endian mismatch",
107 	[ERRCODE_OFFSET(INTERNAL)]	= "Internal error in libbpf",
108 	[ERRCODE_OFFSET(RELOC)]		= "Relocation failed",
109 	[ERRCODE_OFFSET(VERIFY)]	= "Kernel verifier blocks program loading",
110 	[ERRCODE_OFFSET(PROG2BIG)]	= "Program too big",
111 	[ERRCODE_OFFSET(KVER)]		= "Incorrect kernel version",
112 	[ERRCODE_OFFSET(PROGTYPE)]	= "Kernel doesn't support this program type",
113 	[ERRCODE_OFFSET(WRNGPID)]	= "Wrong pid in netlink message",
114 	[ERRCODE_OFFSET(INVSEQ)]	= "Invalid netlink sequence",
115 };
116 
117 int libbpf_strerror(int err, char *buf, size_t size)
118 {
119 	if (!buf || !size)
120 		return -1;
121 
122 	err = err > 0 ? err : -err;
123 
124 	if (err < __LIBBPF_ERRNO__START) {
125 		int ret;
126 
127 		ret = strerror_r(err, buf, size);
128 		buf[size - 1] = '\0';
129 		return ret;
130 	}
131 
132 	if (err < __LIBBPF_ERRNO__END) {
133 		const char *msg;
134 
135 		msg = libbpf_strerror_table[ERRNO_OFFSET(err)];
136 		snprintf(buf, size, "%s", msg);
137 		buf[size - 1] = '\0';
138 		return 0;
139 	}
140 
141 	snprintf(buf, size, "Unknown libbpf error %d", err);
142 	buf[size - 1] = '\0';
143 	return -1;
144 }
145 
146 #define CHECK_ERR(action, err, out) do {	\
147 	err = action;			\
148 	if (err)			\
149 		goto out;		\
150 } while(0)
151 
152 
153 /* Copied from tools/perf/util/util.h */
154 #ifndef zfree
155 # define zfree(ptr) ({ free(*ptr); *ptr = NULL; })
156 #endif
157 
158 #ifndef zclose
159 # define zclose(fd) ({			\
160 	int ___err = 0;			\
161 	if ((fd) >= 0)			\
162 		___err = close((fd));	\
163 	fd = -1;			\
164 	___err; })
165 #endif
166 
167 #ifdef HAVE_LIBELF_MMAP_SUPPORT
168 # define LIBBPF_ELF_C_READ_MMAP ELF_C_READ_MMAP
169 #else
170 # define LIBBPF_ELF_C_READ_MMAP ELF_C_READ
171 #endif
172 
173 /*
174  * bpf_prog should be a better name but it has been used in
175  * linux/filter.h.
176  */
177 struct bpf_program {
178 	/* Index in elf obj file, for relocation use. */
179 	int idx;
180 	char *name;
181 	int prog_ifindex;
182 	char *section_name;
183 	struct bpf_insn *insns;
184 	size_t insns_cnt, main_prog_cnt;
185 	enum bpf_prog_type type;
186 
187 	struct reloc_desc {
188 		enum {
189 			RELO_LD64,
190 			RELO_CALL,
191 		} type;
192 		int insn_idx;
193 		union {
194 			int map_idx;
195 			int text_off;
196 		};
197 	} *reloc_desc;
198 	int nr_reloc;
199 
200 	struct {
201 		int nr;
202 		int *fds;
203 	} instances;
204 	bpf_program_prep_t preprocessor;
205 
206 	struct bpf_object *obj;
207 	void *priv;
208 	bpf_program_clear_priv_t clear_priv;
209 
210 	enum bpf_attach_type expected_attach_type;
211 };
212 
213 struct bpf_map {
214 	int fd;
215 	char *name;
216 	size_t offset;
217 	int map_ifindex;
218 	struct bpf_map_def def;
219 	uint32_t btf_key_type_id;
220 	uint32_t btf_value_type_id;
221 	void *priv;
222 	bpf_map_clear_priv_t clear_priv;
223 };
224 
225 static LIST_HEAD(bpf_objects_list);
226 
227 struct bpf_object {
228 	char license[64];
229 	u32 kern_version;
230 
231 	struct bpf_program *programs;
232 	size_t nr_programs;
233 	struct bpf_map *maps;
234 	size_t nr_maps;
235 
236 	bool loaded;
237 
238 	/*
239 	 * Information when doing elf related work. Only valid if fd
240 	 * is valid.
241 	 */
242 	struct {
243 		int fd;
244 		void *obj_buf;
245 		size_t obj_buf_sz;
246 		Elf *elf;
247 		GElf_Ehdr ehdr;
248 		Elf_Data *symbols;
249 		size_t strtabidx;
250 		struct {
251 			GElf_Shdr shdr;
252 			Elf_Data *data;
253 		} *reloc;
254 		int nr_reloc;
255 		int maps_shndx;
256 		int text_shndx;
257 	} efile;
258 	/*
259 	 * All loaded bpf_object is linked in a list, which is
260 	 * hidden to caller. bpf_objects__<func> handlers deal with
261 	 * all objects.
262 	 */
263 	struct list_head list;
264 
265 	struct btf *btf;
266 
267 	void *priv;
268 	bpf_object_clear_priv_t clear_priv;
269 
270 	char path[];
271 };
272 #define obj_elf_valid(o)	((o)->efile.elf)
273 
274 static void bpf_program__unload(struct bpf_program *prog)
275 {
276 	int i;
277 
278 	if (!prog)
279 		return;
280 
281 	/*
282 	 * If the object is opened but the program was never loaded,
283 	 * it is possible that prog->instances.nr == -1.
284 	 */
285 	if (prog->instances.nr > 0) {
286 		for (i = 0; i < prog->instances.nr; i++)
287 			zclose(prog->instances.fds[i]);
288 	} else if (prog->instances.nr != -1) {
289 		pr_warning("Internal error: instances.nr is %d\n",
290 			   prog->instances.nr);
291 	}
292 
293 	prog->instances.nr = -1;
294 	zfree(&prog->instances.fds);
295 }
296 
297 static void bpf_program__exit(struct bpf_program *prog)
298 {
299 	if (!prog)
300 		return;
301 
302 	if (prog->clear_priv)
303 		prog->clear_priv(prog, prog->priv);
304 
305 	prog->priv = NULL;
306 	prog->clear_priv = NULL;
307 
308 	bpf_program__unload(prog);
309 	zfree(&prog->name);
310 	zfree(&prog->section_name);
311 	zfree(&prog->insns);
312 	zfree(&prog->reloc_desc);
313 
314 	prog->nr_reloc = 0;
315 	prog->insns_cnt = 0;
316 	prog->idx = -1;
317 }
318 
319 static int
320 bpf_program__init(void *data, size_t size, char *section_name, int idx,
321 		  struct bpf_program *prog)
322 {
323 	if (size < sizeof(struct bpf_insn)) {
324 		pr_warning("corrupted section '%s'\n", section_name);
325 		return -EINVAL;
326 	}
327 
328 	bzero(prog, sizeof(*prog));
329 
330 	prog->section_name = strdup(section_name);
331 	if (!prog->section_name) {
332 		pr_warning("failed to alloc name for prog under section(%d) %s\n",
333 			   idx, section_name);
334 		goto errout;
335 	}
336 
337 	prog->insns = malloc(size);
338 	if (!prog->insns) {
339 		pr_warning("failed to alloc insns for prog under section %s\n",
340 			   section_name);
341 		goto errout;
342 	}
343 	prog->insns_cnt = size / sizeof(struct bpf_insn);
344 	memcpy(prog->insns, data,
345 	       prog->insns_cnt * sizeof(struct bpf_insn));
346 	prog->idx = idx;
347 	prog->instances.fds = NULL;
348 	prog->instances.nr = -1;
349 	prog->type = BPF_PROG_TYPE_KPROBE;
350 
351 	return 0;
352 errout:
353 	bpf_program__exit(prog);
354 	return -ENOMEM;
355 }
356 
357 static int
358 bpf_object__add_program(struct bpf_object *obj, void *data, size_t size,
359 			char *section_name, int idx)
360 {
361 	struct bpf_program prog, *progs;
362 	int nr_progs, err;
363 
364 	err = bpf_program__init(data, size, section_name, idx, &prog);
365 	if (err)
366 		return err;
367 
368 	progs = obj->programs;
369 	nr_progs = obj->nr_programs;
370 
371 	progs = realloc(progs, sizeof(progs[0]) * (nr_progs + 1));
372 	if (!progs) {
373 		/*
374 		 * In this case the original obj->programs
375 		 * is still valid, so don't need special treat for
376 		 * bpf_close_object().
377 		 */
378 		pr_warning("failed to alloc a new program under section '%s'\n",
379 			   section_name);
380 		bpf_program__exit(&prog);
381 		return -ENOMEM;
382 	}
383 
384 	pr_debug("found program %s\n", prog.section_name);
385 	obj->programs = progs;
386 	obj->nr_programs = nr_progs + 1;
387 	prog.obj = obj;
388 	progs[nr_progs] = prog;
389 	return 0;
390 }
391 
392 static int
393 bpf_object__init_prog_names(struct bpf_object *obj)
394 {
395 	Elf_Data *symbols = obj->efile.symbols;
396 	struct bpf_program *prog;
397 	size_t pi, si;
398 
399 	for (pi = 0; pi < obj->nr_programs; pi++) {
400 		const char *name = NULL;
401 
402 		prog = &obj->programs[pi];
403 		if (prog->idx == obj->efile.text_shndx) {
404 			name = ".text";
405 			goto skip_search;
406 		}
407 
408 		for (si = 0; si < symbols->d_size / sizeof(GElf_Sym) && !name;
409 		     si++) {
410 			GElf_Sym sym;
411 
412 			if (!gelf_getsym(symbols, si, &sym))
413 				continue;
414 			if (sym.st_shndx != prog->idx)
415 				continue;
416 			if (GELF_ST_BIND(sym.st_info) != STB_GLOBAL)
417 				continue;
418 
419 			name = elf_strptr(obj->efile.elf,
420 					  obj->efile.strtabidx,
421 					  sym.st_name);
422 			if (!name) {
423 				pr_warning("failed to get sym name string for prog %s\n",
424 					   prog->section_name);
425 				return -LIBBPF_ERRNO__LIBELF;
426 			}
427 		}
428 
429 		if (!name) {
430 			pr_warning("failed to find sym for prog %s\n",
431 				   prog->section_name);
432 			return -EINVAL;
433 		}
434 skip_search:
435 		prog->name = strdup(name);
436 		if (!prog->name) {
437 			pr_warning("failed to allocate memory for prog sym %s\n",
438 				   name);
439 			return -ENOMEM;
440 		}
441 	}
442 
443 	return 0;
444 }
445 
446 static struct bpf_object *bpf_object__new(const char *path,
447 					  void *obj_buf,
448 					  size_t obj_buf_sz)
449 {
450 	struct bpf_object *obj;
451 
452 	obj = calloc(1, sizeof(struct bpf_object) + strlen(path) + 1);
453 	if (!obj) {
454 		pr_warning("alloc memory failed for %s\n", path);
455 		return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
456 	}
457 
458 	strcpy(obj->path, path);
459 	obj->efile.fd = -1;
460 
461 	/*
462 	 * Caller of this function should also calls
463 	 * bpf_object__elf_finish() after data collection to return
464 	 * obj_buf to user. If not, we should duplicate the buffer to
465 	 * avoid user freeing them before elf finish.
466 	 */
467 	obj->efile.obj_buf = obj_buf;
468 	obj->efile.obj_buf_sz = obj_buf_sz;
469 	obj->efile.maps_shndx = -1;
470 
471 	obj->loaded = false;
472 
473 	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&obj->list);
474 	list_add(&obj->list, &bpf_objects_list);
475 	return obj;
476 }
477 
478 static void bpf_object__elf_finish(struct bpf_object *obj)
479 {
480 	if (!obj_elf_valid(obj))
481 		return;
482 
483 	if (obj->efile.elf) {
484 		elf_end(obj->efile.elf);
485 		obj->efile.elf = NULL;
486 	}
487 	obj->efile.symbols = NULL;
488 
489 	zfree(&obj->efile.reloc);
490 	obj->efile.nr_reloc = 0;
491 	zclose(obj->efile.fd);
492 	obj->efile.obj_buf = NULL;
493 	obj->efile.obj_buf_sz = 0;
494 }
495 
496 static int bpf_object__elf_init(struct bpf_object *obj)
497 {
498 	int err = 0;
499 	GElf_Ehdr *ep;
500 
501 	if (obj_elf_valid(obj)) {
502 		pr_warning("elf init: internal error\n");
503 		return -LIBBPF_ERRNO__LIBELF;
504 	}
505 
506 	if (obj->efile.obj_buf_sz > 0) {
507 		/*
508 		 * obj_buf should have been validated by
509 		 * bpf_object__open_buffer().
510 		 */
511 		obj->efile.elf = elf_memory(obj->efile.obj_buf,
512 					    obj->efile.obj_buf_sz);
513 	} else {
514 		obj->efile.fd = open(obj->path, O_RDONLY);
515 		if (obj->efile.fd < 0) {
516 			pr_warning("failed to open %s: %s\n", obj->path,
517 					strerror(errno));
518 			return -errno;
519 		}
520 
521 		obj->efile.elf = elf_begin(obj->efile.fd,
522 				LIBBPF_ELF_C_READ_MMAP,
523 				NULL);
524 	}
525 
526 	if (!obj->efile.elf) {
527 		pr_warning("failed to open %s as ELF file\n",
528 				obj->path);
529 		err = -LIBBPF_ERRNO__LIBELF;
530 		goto errout;
531 	}
532 
533 	if (!gelf_getehdr(obj->efile.elf, &obj->efile.ehdr)) {
534 		pr_warning("failed to get EHDR from %s\n",
535 				obj->path);
536 		err = -LIBBPF_ERRNO__FORMAT;
537 		goto errout;
538 	}
539 	ep = &obj->efile.ehdr;
540 
541 	/* Old LLVM set e_machine to EM_NONE */
542 	if ((ep->e_type != ET_REL) || (ep->e_machine && (ep->e_machine != EM_BPF))) {
543 		pr_warning("%s is not an eBPF object file\n",
544 			obj->path);
545 		err = -LIBBPF_ERRNO__FORMAT;
546 		goto errout;
547 	}
548 
549 	return 0;
550 errout:
551 	bpf_object__elf_finish(obj);
552 	return err;
553 }
554 
555 static int
556 bpf_object__check_endianness(struct bpf_object *obj)
557 {
558 	static unsigned int const endian = 1;
559 
560 	switch (obj->efile.ehdr.e_ident[EI_DATA]) {
561 	case ELFDATA2LSB:
562 		/* We are big endian, BPF obj is little endian. */
563 		if (*(unsigned char const *)&endian != 1)
564 			goto mismatch;
565 		break;
566 
567 	case ELFDATA2MSB:
568 		/* We are little endian, BPF obj is big endian. */
569 		if (*(unsigned char const *)&endian != 0)
570 			goto mismatch;
571 		break;
572 	default:
573 		return -LIBBPF_ERRNO__ENDIAN;
574 	}
575 
576 	return 0;
577 
578 mismatch:
579 	pr_warning("Error: endianness mismatch.\n");
580 	return -LIBBPF_ERRNO__ENDIAN;
581 }
582 
583 static int
584 bpf_object__init_license(struct bpf_object *obj,
585 			 void *data, size_t size)
586 {
587 	memcpy(obj->license, data,
588 	       min(size, sizeof(obj->license) - 1));
589 	pr_debug("license of %s is %s\n", obj->path, obj->license);
590 	return 0;
591 }
592 
593 static int
594 bpf_object__init_kversion(struct bpf_object *obj,
595 			  void *data, size_t size)
596 {
597 	u32 kver;
598 
599 	if (size != sizeof(kver)) {
600 		pr_warning("invalid kver section in %s\n", obj->path);
601 		return -LIBBPF_ERRNO__FORMAT;
602 	}
603 	memcpy(&kver, data, sizeof(kver));
604 	obj->kern_version = kver;
605 	pr_debug("kernel version of %s is %x\n", obj->path,
606 		 obj->kern_version);
607 	return 0;
608 }
609 
610 static int compare_bpf_map(const void *_a, const void *_b)
611 {
612 	const struct bpf_map *a = _a;
613 	const struct bpf_map *b = _b;
614 
615 	return a->offset - b->offset;
616 }
617 
618 static int
619 bpf_object__init_maps(struct bpf_object *obj)
620 {
621 	int i, map_idx, map_def_sz, nr_maps = 0;
622 	Elf_Scn *scn;
623 	Elf_Data *data;
624 	Elf_Data *symbols = obj->efile.symbols;
625 
626 	if (obj->efile.maps_shndx < 0)
627 		return -EINVAL;
628 	if (!symbols)
629 		return -EINVAL;
630 
631 	scn = elf_getscn(obj->efile.elf, obj->efile.maps_shndx);
632 	if (scn)
633 		data = elf_getdata(scn, NULL);
634 	if (!scn || !data) {
635 		pr_warning("failed to get Elf_Data from map section %d\n",
636 			   obj->efile.maps_shndx);
637 		return -EINVAL;
638 	}
639 
640 	/*
641 	 * Count number of maps. Each map has a name.
642 	 * Array of maps is not supported: only the first element is
643 	 * considered.
644 	 *
645 	 * TODO: Detect array of map and report error.
646 	 */
647 	for (i = 0; i < symbols->d_size / sizeof(GElf_Sym); i++) {
648 		GElf_Sym sym;
649 
650 		if (!gelf_getsym(symbols, i, &sym))
651 			continue;
652 		if (sym.st_shndx != obj->efile.maps_shndx)
653 			continue;
654 		nr_maps++;
655 	}
656 
657 	/* Alloc obj->maps and fill nr_maps. */
658 	pr_debug("maps in %s: %d maps in %zd bytes\n", obj->path,
659 		 nr_maps, data->d_size);
660 
661 	if (!nr_maps)
662 		return 0;
663 
664 	/* Assume equally sized map definitions */
665 	map_def_sz = data->d_size / nr_maps;
666 	if (!data->d_size || (data->d_size % nr_maps) != 0) {
667 		pr_warning("unable to determine map definition size "
668 			   "section %s, %d maps in %zd bytes\n",
669 			   obj->path, nr_maps, data->d_size);
670 		return -EINVAL;
671 	}
672 
673 	obj->maps = calloc(nr_maps, sizeof(obj->maps[0]));
674 	if (!obj->maps) {
675 		pr_warning("alloc maps for object failed\n");
676 		return -ENOMEM;
677 	}
678 	obj->nr_maps = nr_maps;
679 
680 	/*
681 	 * fill all fd with -1 so won't close incorrect
682 	 * fd (fd=0 is stdin) when failure (zclose won't close
683 	 * negative fd)).
684 	 */
685 	for (i = 0; i < nr_maps; i++)
686 		obj->maps[i].fd = -1;
687 
688 	/*
689 	 * Fill obj->maps using data in "maps" section.
690 	 */
691 	for (i = 0, map_idx = 0; i < symbols->d_size / sizeof(GElf_Sym); i++) {
692 		GElf_Sym sym;
693 		const char *map_name;
694 		struct bpf_map_def *def;
695 
696 		if (!gelf_getsym(symbols, i, &sym))
697 			continue;
698 		if (sym.st_shndx != obj->efile.maps_shndx)
699 			continue;
700 
701 		map_name = elf_strptr(obj->efile.elf,
702 				      obj->efile.strtabidx,
703 				      sym.st_name);
704 		obj->maps[map_idx].offset = sym.st_value;
705 		if (sym.st_value + map_def_sz > data->d_size) {
706 			pr_warning("corrupted maps section in %s: last map \"%s\" too small\n",
707 				   obj->path, map_name);
708 			return -EINVAL;
709 		}
710 
711 		obj->maps[map_idx].name = strdup(map_name);
712 		if (!obj->maps[map_idx].name) {
713 			pr_warning("failed to alloc map name\n");
714 			return -ENOMEM;
715 		}
716 		pr_debug("map %d is \"%s\"\n", map_idx,
717 			 obj->maps[map_idx].name);
718 		def = (struct bpf_map_def *)(data->d_buf + sym.st_value);
719 		/*
720 		 * If the definition of the map in the object file fits in
721 		 * bpf_map_def, copy it.  Any extra fields in our version
722 		 * of bpf_map_def will default to zero as a result of the
723 		 * calloc above.
724 		 */
725 		if (map_def_sz <= sizeof(struct bpf_map_def)) {
726 			memcpy(&obj->maps[map_idx].def, def, map_def_sz);
727 		} else {
728 			/*
729 			 * Here the map structure being read is bigger than what
730 			 * we expect, truncate if the excess bits are all zero.
731 			 * If they are not zero, reject this map as
732 			 * incompatible.
733 			 */
734 			char *b;
735 			for (b = ((char *)def) + sizeof(struct bpf_map_def);
736 			     b < ((char *)def) + map_def_sz; b++) {
737 				if (*b != 0) {
738 					pr_warning("maps section in %s: \"%s\" "
739 						   "has unrecognized, non-zero "
740 						   "options\n",
741 						   obj->path, map_name);
742 					return -EINVAL;
743 				}
744 			}
745 			memcpy(&obj->maps[map_idx].def, def,
746 			       sizeof(struct bpf_map_def));
747 		}
748 		map_idx++;
749 	}
750 
751 	qsort(obj->maps, obj->nr_maps, sizeof(obj->maps[0]), compare_bpf_map);
752 	return 0;
753 }
754 
755 static bool section_have_execinstr(struct bpf_object *obj, int idx)
756 {
757 	Elf_Scn *scn;
758 	GElf_Shdr sh;
759 
760 	scn = elf_getscn(obj->efile.elf, idx);
761 	if (!scn)
762 		return false;
763 
764 	if (gelf_getshdr(scn, &sh) != &sh)
765 		return false;
766 
767 	if (sh.sh_flags & SHF_EXECINSTR)
768 		return true;
769 
770 	return false;
771 }
772 
773 static int bpf_object__elf_collect(struct bpf_object *obj)
774 {
775 	Elf *elf = obj->efile.elf;
776 	GElf_Ehdr *ep = &obj->efile.ehdr;
777 	Elf_Scn *scn = NULL;
778 	int idx = 0, err = 0;
779 
780 	/* Elf is corrupted/truncated, avoid calling elf_strptr. */
781 	if (!elf_rawdata(elf_getscn(elf, ep->e_shstrndx), NULL)) {
782 		pr_warning("failed to get e_shstrndx from %s\n",
783 			   obj->path);
784 		return -LIBBPF_ERRNO__FORMAT;
785 	}
786 
787 	while ((scn = elf_nextscn(elf, scn)) != NULL) {
788 		char *name;
789 		GElf_Shdr sh;
790 		Elf_Data *data;
791 
792 		idx++;
793 		if (gelf_getshdr(scn, &sh) != &sh) {
794 			pr_warning("failed to get section(%d) header from %s\n",
795 				   idx, obj->path);
796 			err = -LIBBPF_ERRNO__FORMAT;
797 			goto out;
798 		}
799 
800 		name = elf_strptr(elf, ep->e_shstrndx, sh.sh_name);
801 		if (!name) {
802 			pr_warning("failed to get section(%d) name from %s\n",
803 				   idx, obj->path);
804 			err = -LIBBPF_ERRNO__FORMAT;
805 			goto out;
806 		}
807 
808 		data = elf_getdata(scn, 0);
809 		if (!data) {
810 			pr_warning("failed to get section(%d) data from %s(%s)\n",
811 				   idx, name, obj->path);
812 			err = -LIBBPF_ERRNO__FORMAT;
813 			goto out;
814 		}
815 		pr_debug("section(%d) %s, size %ld, link %d, flags %lx, type=%d\n",
816 			 idx, name, (unsigned long)data->d_size,
817 			 (int)sh.sh_link, (unsigned long)sh.sh_flags,
818 			 (int)sh.sh_type);
819 
820 		if (strcmp(name, "license") == 0)
821 			err = bpf_object__init_license(obj,
822 						       data->d_buf,
823 						       data->d_size);
824 		else if (strcmp(name, "version") == 0)
825 			err = bpf_object__init_kversion(obj,
826 							data->d_buf,
827 							data->d_size);
828 		else if (strcmp(name, "maps") == 0)
829 			obj->efile.maps_shndx = idx;
830 		else if (strcmp(name, BTF_ELF_SEC) == 0) {
831 			obj->btf = btf__new(data->d_buf, data->d_size,
832 					    __pr_debug);
833 			if (IS_ERR(obj->btf)) {
834 				pr_warning("Error loading ELF section %s: %ld. Ignored and continue.\n",
835 					   BTF_ELF_SEC, PTR_ERR(obj->btf));
836 				obj->btf = NULL;
837 			}
838 		} else if (sh.sh_type == SHT_SYMTAB) {
839 			if (obj->efile.symbols) {
840 				pr_warning("bpf: multiple SYMTAB in %s\n",
841 					   obj->path);
842 				err = -LIBBPF_ERRNO__FORMAT;
843 			} else {
844 				obj->efile.symbols = data;
845 				obj->efile.strtabidx = sh.sh_link;
846 			}
847 		} else if ((sh.sh_type == SHT_PROGBITS) &&
848 			   (sh.sh_flags & SHF_EXECINSTR) &&
849 			   (data->d_size > 0)) {
850 			if (strcmp(name, ".text") == 0)
851 				obj->efile.text_shndx = idx;
852 			err = bpf_object__add_program(obj, data->d_buf,
853 						      data->d_size, name, idx);
854 			if (err) {
855 				char errmsg[STRERR_BUFSIZE];
856 
857 				strerror_r(-err, errmsg, sizeof(errmsg));
858 				pr_warning("failed to alloc program %s (%s): %s",
859 					   name, obj->path, errmsg);
860 			}
861 		} else if (sh.sh_type == SHT_REL) {
862 			void *reloc = obj->efile.reloc;
863 			int nr_reloc = obj->efile.nr_reloc + 1;
864 			int sec = sh.sh_info; /* points to other section */
865 
866 			/* Only do relo for section with exec instructions */
867 			if (!section_have_execinstr(obj, sec)) {
868 				pr_debug("skip relo %s(%d) for section(%d)\n",
869 					 name, idx, sec);
870 				continue;
871 			}
872 
873 			reloc = realloc(reloc,
874 					sizeof(*obj->efile.reloc) * nr_reloc);
875 			if (!reloc) {
876 				pr_warning("realloc failed\n");
877 				err = -ENOMEM;
878 			} else {
879 				int n = nr_reloc - 1;
880 
881 				obj->efile.reloc = reloc;
882 				obj->efile.nr_reloc = nr_reloc;
883 
884 				obj->efile.reloc[n].shdr = sh;
885 				obj->efile.reloc[n].data = data;
886 			}
887 		} else {
888 			pr_debug("skip section(%d) %s\n", idx, name);
889 		}
890 		if (err)
891 			goto out;
892 	}
893 
894 	if (!obj->efile.strtabidx || obj->efile.strtabidx >= idx) {
895 		pr_warning("Corrupted ELF file: index of strtab invalid\n");
896 		return LIBBPF_ERRNO__FORMAT;
897 	}
898 	if (obj->efile.maps_shndx >= 0) {
899 		err = bpf_object__init_maps(obj);
900 		if (err)
901 			goto out;
902 	}
903 	err = bpf_object__init_prog_names(obj);
904 out:
905 	return err;
906 }
907 
908 static struct bpf_program *
909 bpf_object__find_prog_by_idx(struct bpf_object *obj, int idx)
910 {
911 	struct bpf_program *prog;
912 	size_t i;
913 
914 	for (i = 0; i < obj->nr_programs; i++) {
915 		prog = &obj->programs[i];
916 		if (prog->idx == idx)
917 			return prog;
918 	}
919 	return NULL;
920 }
921 
922 static int
923 bpf_program__collect_reloc(struct bpf_program *prog, GElf_Shdr *shdr,
924 			   Elf_Data *data, struct bpf_object *obj)
925 {
926 	Elf_Data *symbols = obj->efile.symbols;
927 	int text_shndx = obj->efile.text_shndx;
928 	int maps_shndx = obj->efile.maps_shndx;
929 	struct bpf_map *maps = obj->maps;
930 	size_t nr_maps = obj->nr_maps;
931 	int i, nrels;
932 
933 	pr_debug("collecting relocating info for: '%s'\n",
934 		 prog->section_name);
935 	nrels = shdr->sh_size / shdr->sh_entsize;
936 
937 	prog->reloc_desc = malloc(sizeof(*prog->reloc_desc) * nrels);
938 	if (!prog->reloc_desc) {
939 		pr_warning("failed to alloc memory in relocation\n");
940 		return -ENOMEM;
941 	}
942 	prog->nr_reloc = nrels;
943 
944 	for (i = 0; i < nrels; i++) {
945 		GElf_Sym sym;
946 		GElf_Rel rel;
947 		unsigned int insn_idx;
948 		struct bpf_insn *insns = prog->insns;
949 		size_t map_idx;
950 
951 		if (!gelf_getrel(data, i, &rel)) {
952 			pr_warning("relocation: failed to get %d reloc\n", i);
953 			return -LIBBPF_ERRNO__FORMAT;
954 		}
955 
956 		if (!gelf_getsym(symbols,
957 				 GELF_R_SYM(rel.r_info),
958 				 &sym)) {
959 			pr_warning("relocation: symbol %"PRIx64" not found\n",
960 				   GELF_R_SYM(rel.r_info));
961 			return -LIBBPF_ERRNO__FORMAT;
962 		}
963 		pr_debug("relo for %lld value %lld name %d\n",
964 			 (long long) (rel.r_info >> 32),
965 			 (long long) sym.st_value, sym.st_name);
966 
967 		if (sym.st_shndx != maps_shndx && sym.st_shndx != text_shndx) {
968 			pr_warning("Program '%s' contains non-map related relo data pointing to section %u\n",
969 				   prog->section_name, sym.st_shndx);
970 			return -LIBBPF_ERRNO__RELOC;
971 		}
972 
973 		insn_idx = rel.r_offset / sizeof(struct bpf_insn);
974 		pr_debug("relocation: insn_idx=%u\n", insn_idx);
975 
976 		if (insns[insn_idx].code == (BPF_JMP | BPF_CALL)) {
977 			if (insns[insn_idx].src_reg != BPF_PSEUDO_CALL) {
978 				pr_warning("incorrect bpf_call opcode\n");
979 				return -LIBBPF_ERRNO__RELOC;
980 			}
981 			prog->reloc_desc[i].type = RELO_CALL;
982 			prog->reloc_desc[i].insn_idx = insn_idx;
983 			prog->reloc_desc[i].text_off = sym.st_value;
984 			continue;
985 		}
986 
987 		if (insns[insn_idx].code != (BPF_LD | BPF_IMM | BPF_DW)) {
988 			pr_warning("bpf: relocation: invalid relo for insns[%d].code 0x%x\n",
989 				   insn_idx, insns[insn_idx].code);
990 			return -LIBBPF_ERRNO__RELOC;
991 		}
992 
993 		/* TODO: 'maps' is sorted. We can use bsearch to make it faster. */
994 		for (map_idx = 0; map_idx < nr_maps; map_idx++) {
995 			if (maps[map_idx].offset == sym.st_value) {
996 				pr_debug("relocation: find map %zd (%s) for insn %u\n",
997 					 map_idx, maps[map_idx].name, insn_idx);
998 				break;
999 			}
1000 		}
1001 
1002 		if (map_idx >= nr_maps) {
1003 			pr_warning("bpf relocation: map_idx %d large than %d\n",
1004 				   (int)map_idx, (int)nr_maps - 1);
1005 			return -LIBBPF_ERRNO__RELOC;
1006 		}
1007 
1008 		prog->reloc_desc[i].type = RELO_LD64;
1009 		prog->reloc_desc[i].insn_idx = insn_idx;
1010 		prog->reloc_desc[i].map_idx = map_idx;
1011 	}
1012 	return 0;
1013 }
1014 
1015 static int bpf_map_find_btf_info(struct bpf_map *map, const struct btf *btf)
1016 {
1017 	struct bpf_map_def *def = &map->def;
1018 	const size_t max_name = 256;
1019 	int64_t key_size, value_size;
1020 	int32_t key_id, value_id;
1021 	char name[max_name];
1022 
1023 	/* Find key type by name from BTF */
1024 	if (snprintf(name, max_name, "%s_key", map->name) == max_name) {
1025 		pr_warning("map:%s length of BTF key_type:%s_key is too long\n",
1026 			   map->name, map->name);
1027 		return -EINVAL;
1028 	}
1029 
1030 	key_id = btf__find_by_name(btf, name);
1031 	if (key_id < 0) {
1032 		pr_debug("map:%s key_type:%s cannot be found in BTF\n",
1033 			 map->name, name);
1034 		return key_id;
1035 	}
1036 
1037 	key_size = btf__resolve_size(btf, key_id);
1038 	if (key_size < 0) {
1039 		pr_warning("map:%s key_type:%s cannot get the BTF type_size\n",
1040 			   map->name, name);
1041 		return key_size;
1042 	}
1043 
1044 	if (def->key_size != key_size) {
1045 		pr_warning("map:%s key_type:%s has BTF type_size:%u != key_size:%u\n",
1046 			   map->name, name, (unsigned int)key_size, def->key_size);
1047 		return -EINVAL;
1048 	}
1049 
1050 	/* Find value type from BTF */
1051 	if (snprintf(name, max_name, "%s_value", map->name) == max_name) {
1052 		pr_warning("map:%s length of BTF value_type:%s_value is too long\n",
1053 			  map->name, map->name);
1054 		return -EINVAL;
1055 	}
1056 
1057 	value_id = btf__find_by_name(btf, name);
1058 	if (value_id < 0) {
1059 		pr_debug("map:%s value_type:%s cannot be found in BTF\n",
1060 			 map->name, name);
1061 		return value_id;
1062 	}
1063 
1064 	value_size = btf__resolve_size(btf, value_id);
1065 	if (value_size < 0) {
1066 		pr_warning("map:%s value_type:%s cannot get the BTF type_size\n",
1067 			   map->name, name);
1068 		return value_size;
1069 	}
1070 
1071 	if (def->value_size != value_size) {
1072 		pr_warning("map:%s value_type:%s has BTF type_size:%u != value_size:%u\n",
1073 			   map->name, name, (unsigned int)value_size, def->value_size);
1074 		return -EINVAL;
1075 	}
1076 
1077 	map->btf_key_type_id = key_id;
1078 	map->btf_value_type_id = value_id;
1079 
1080 	return 0;
1081 }
1082 
1083 static int
1084 bpf_object__create_maps(struct bpf_object *obj)
1085 {
1086 	struct bpf_create_map_attr create_attr = {};
1087 	unsigned int i;
1088 	int err;
1089 
1090 	for (i = 0; i < obj->nr_maps; i++) {
1091 		struct bpf_map *map = &obj->maps[i];
1092 		struct bpf_map_def *def = &map->def;
1093 		int *pfd = &map->fd;
1094 
1095 		create_attr.name = map->name;
1096 		create_attr.map_ifindex = map->map_ifindex;
1097 		create_attr.map_type = def->type;
1098 		create_attr.map_flags = def->map_flags;
1099 		create_attr.key_size = def->key_size;
1100 		create_attr.value_size = def->value_size;
1101 		create_attr.max_entries = def->max_entries;
1102 		create_attr.btf_fd = 0;
1103 		create_attr.btf_key_type_id = 0;
1104 		create_attr.btf_value_type_id = 0;
1105 
1106 		if (obj->btf && !bpf_map_find_btf_info(map, obj->btf)) {
1107 			create_attr.btf_fd = btf__fd(obj->btf);
1108 			create_attr.btf_key_type_id = map->btf_key_type_id;
1109 			create_attr.btf_value_type_id = map->btf_value_type_id;
1110 		}
1111 
1112 		*pfd = bpf_create_map_xattr(&create_attr);
1113 		if (*pfd < 0 && create_attr.btf_key_type_id) {
1114 			pr_warning("Error in bpf_create_map_xattr(%s):%s(%d). Retrying without BTF.\n",
1115 				   map->name, strerror(errno), errno);
1116 			create_attr.btf_fd = 0;
1117 			create_attr.btf_key_type_id = 0;
1118 			create_attr.btf_value_type_id = 0;
1119 			map->btf_key_type_id = 0;
1120 			map->btf_value_type_id = 0;
1121 			*pfd = bpf_create_map_xattr(&create_attr);
1122 		}
1123 
1124 		if (*pfd < 0) {
1125 			size_t j;
1126 
1127 			err = *pfd;
1128 			pr_warning("failed to create map (name: '%s'): %s\n",
1129 				   map->name,
1130 				   strerror(errno));
1131 			for (j = 0; j < i; j++)
1132 				zclose(obj->maps[j].fd);
1133 			return err;
1134 		}
1135 		pr_debug("create map %s: fd=%d\n", map->name, *pfd);
1136 	}
1137 
1138 	return 0;
1139 }
1140 
1141 static int
1142 bpf_program__reloc_text(struct bpf_program *prog, struct bpf_object *obj,
1143 			struct reloc_desc *relo)
1144 {
1145 	struct bpf_insn *insn, *new_insn;
1146 	struct bpf_program *text;
1147 	size_t new_cnt;
1148 
1149 	if (relo->type != RELO_CALL)
1150 		return -LIBBPF_ERRNO__RELOC;
1151 
1152 	if (prog->idx == obj->efile.text_shndx) {
1153 		pr_warning("relo in .text insn %d into off %d\n",
1154 			   relo->insn_idx, relo->text_off);
1155 		return -LIBBPF_ERRNO__RELOC;
1156 	}
1157 
1158 	if (prog->main_prog_cnt == 0) {
1159 		text = bpf_object__find_prog_by_idx(obj, obj->efile.text_shndx);
1160 		if (!text) {
1161 			pr_warning("no .text section found yet relo into text exist\n");
1162 			return -LIBBPF_ERRNO__RELOC;
1163 		}
1164 		new_cnt = prog->insns_cnt + text->insns_cnt;
1165 		new_insn = realloc(prog->insns, new_cnt * sizeof(*insn));
1166 		if (!new_insn) {
1167 			pr_warning("oom in prog realloc\n");
1168 			return -ENOMEM;
1169 		}
1170 		memcpy(new_insn + prog->insns_cnt, text->insns,
1171 		       text->insns_cnt * sizeof(*insn));
1172 		prog->insns = new_insn;
1173 		prog->main_prog_cnt = prog->insns_cnt;
1174 		prog->insns_cnt = new_cnt;
1175 		pr_debug("added %zd insn from %s to prog %s\n",
1176 			 text->insns_cnt, text->section_name,
1177 			 prog->section_name);
1178 	}
1179 	insn = &prog->insns[relo->insn_idx];
1180 	insn->imm += prog->main_prog_cnt - relo->insn_idx;
1181 	return 0;
1182 }
1183 
1184 static int
1185 bpf_program__relocate(struct bpf_program *prog, struct bpf_object *obj)
1186 {
1187 	int i, err;
1188 
1189 	if (!prog || !prog->reloc_desc)
1190 		return 0;
1191 
1192 	for (i = 0; i < prog->nr_reloc; i++) {
1193 		if (prog->reloc_desc[i].type == RELO_LD64) {
1194 			struct bpf_insn *insns = prog->insns;
1195 			int insn_idx, map_idx;
1196 
1197 			insn_idx = prog->reloc_desc[i].insn_idx;
1198 			map_idx = prog->reloc_desc[i].map_idx;
1199 
1200 			if (insn_idx >= (int)prog->insns_cnt) {
1201 				pr_warning("relocation out of range: '%s'\n",
1202 					   prog->section_name);
1203 				return -LIBBPF_ERRNO__RELOC;
1204 			}
1205 			insns[insn_idx].src_reg = BPF_PSEUDO_MAP_FD;
1206 			insns[insn_idx].imm = obj->maps[map_idx].fd;
1207 		} else {
1208 			err = bpf_program__reloc_text(prog, obj,
1209 						      &prog->reloc_desc[i]);
1210 			if (err)
1211 				return err;
1212 		}
1213 	}
1214 
1215 	zfree(&prog->reloc_desc);
1216 	prog->nr_reloc = 0;
1217 	return 0;
1218 }
1219 
1220 
1221 static int
1222 bpf_object__relocate(struct bpf_object *obj)
1223 {
1224 	struct bpf_program *prog;
1225 	size_t i;
1226 	int err;
1227 
1228 	for (i = 0; i < obj->nr_programs; i++) {
1229 		prog = &obj->programs[i];
1230 
1231 		err = bpf_program__relocate(prog, obj);
1232 		if (err) {
1233 			pr_warning("failed to relocate '%s'\n",
1234 				   prog->section_name);
1235 			return err;
1236 		}
1237 	}
1238 	return 0;
1239 }
1240 
1241 static int bpf_object__collect_reloc(struct bpf_object *obj)
1242 {
1243 	int i, err;
1244 
1245 	if (!obj_elf_valid(obj)) {
1246 		pr_warning("Internal error: elf object is closed\n");
1247 		return -LIBBPF_ERRNO__INTERNAL;
1248 	}
1249 
1250 	for (i = 0; i < obj->efile.nr_reloc; i++) {
1251 		GElf_Shdr *shdr = &obj->efile.reloc[i].shdr;
1252 		Elf_Data *data = obj->efile.reloc[i].data;
1253 		int idx = shdr->sh_info;
1254 		struct bpf_program *prog;
1255 
1256 		if (shdr->sh_type != SHT_REL) {
1257 			pr_warning("internal error at %d\n", __LINE__);
1258 			return -LIBBPF_ERRNO__INTERNAL;
1259 		}
1260 
1261 		prog = bpf_object__find_prog_by_idx(obj, idx);
1262 		if (!prog) {
1263 			pr_warning("relocation failed: no section(%d)\n", idx);
1264 			return -LIBBPF_ERRNO__RELOC;
1265 		}
1266 
1267 		err = bpf_program__collect_reloc(prog,
1268 						 shdr, data,
1269 						 obj);
1270 		if (err)
1271 			return err;
1272 	}
1273 	return 0;
1274 }
1275 
1276 static int
1277 load_program(enum bpf_prog_type type, enum bpf_attach_type expected_attach_type,
1278 	     const char *name, struct bpf_insn *insns, int insns_cnt,
1279 	     char *license, u32 kern_version, int *pfd, int prog_ifindex)
1280 {
1281 	struct bpf_load_program_attr load_attr;
1282 	char *log_buf;
1283 	int ret;
1284 
1285 	memset(&load_attr, 0, sizeof(struct bpf_load_program_attr));
1286 	load_attr.prog_type = type;
1287 	load_attr.expected_attach_type = expected_attach_type;
1288 	load_attr.name = name;
1289 	load_attr.insns = insns;
1290 	load_attr.insns_cnt = insns_cnt;
1291 	load_attr.license = license;
1292 	load_attr.kern_version = kern_version;
1293 	load_attr.prog_ifindex = prog_ifindex;
1294 
1295 	if (!load_attr.insns || !load_attr.insns_cnt)
1296 		return -EINVAL;
1297 
1298 	log_buf = malloc(BPF_LOG_BUF_SIZE);
1299 	if (!log_buf)
1300 		pr_warning("Alloc log buffer for bpf loader error, continue without log\n");
1301 
1302 	ret = bpf_load_program_xattr(&load_attr, log_buf, BPF_LOG_BUF_SIZE);
1303 
1304 	if (ret >= 0) {
1305 		*pfd = ret;
1306 		ret = 0;
1307 		goto out;
1308 	}
1309 
1310 	ret = -LIBBPF_ERRNO__LOAD;
1311 	pr_warning("load bpf program failed: %s\n", strerror(errno));
1312 
1313 	if (log_buf && log_buf[0] != '\0') {
1314 		ret = -LIBBPF_ERRNO__VERIFY;
1315 		pr_warning("-- BEGIN DUMP LOG ---\n");
1316 		pr_warning("\n%s\n", log_buf);
1317 		pr_warning("-- END LOG --\n");
1318 	} else if (load_attr.insns_cnt >= BPF_MAXINSNS) {
1319 		pr_warning("Program too large (%zu insns), at most %d insns\n",
1320 			   load_attr.insns_cnt, BPF_MAXINSNS);
1321 		ret = -LIBBPF_ERRNO__PROG2BIG;
1322 	} else {
1323 		/* Wrong program type? */
1324 		if (load_attr.prog_type != BPF_PROG_TYPE_KPROBE) {
1325 			int fd;
1326 
1327 			load_attr.prog_type = BPF_PROG_TYPE_KPROBE;
1328 			load_attr.expected_attach_type = 0;
1329 			fd = bpf_load_program_xattr(&load_attr, NULL, 0);
1330 			if (fd >= 0) {
1331 				close(fd);
1332 				ret = -LIBBPF_ERRNO__PROGTYPE;
1333 				goto out;
1334 			}
1335 		}
1336 
1337 		if (log_buf)
1338 			ret = -LIBBPF_ERRNO__KVER;
1339 	}
1340 
1341 out:
1342 	free(log_buf);
1343 	return ret;
1344 }
1345 
1346 static int
1347 bpf_program__load(struct bpf_program *prog,
1348 		  char *license, u32 kern_version)
1349 {
1350 	int err = 0, fd, i;
1351 
1352 	if (prog->instances.nr < 0 || !prog->instances.fds) {
1353 		if (prog->preprocessor) {
1354 			pr_warning("Internal error: can't load program '%s'\n",
1355 				   prog->section_name);
1356 			return -LIBBPF_ERRNO__INTERNAL;
1357 		}
1358 
1359 		prog->instances.fds = malloc(sizeof(int));
1360 		if (!prog->instances.fds) {
1361 			pr_warning("Not enough memory for BPF fds\n");
1362 			return -ENOMEM;
1363 		}
1364 		prog->instances.nr = 1;
1365 		prog->instances.fds[0] = -1;
1366 	}
1367 
1368 	if (!prog->preprocessor) {
1369 		if (prog->instances.nr != 1) {
1370 			pr_warning("Program '%s' is inconsistent: nr(%d) != 1\n",
1371 				   prog->section_name, prog->instances.nr);
1372 		}
1373 		err = load_program(prog->type, prog->expected_attach_type,
1374 				   prog->name, prog->insns, prog->insns_cnt,
1375 				   license, kern_version, &fd,
1376 				   prog->prog_ifindex);
1377 		if (!err)
1378 			prog->instances.fds[0] = fd;
1379 		goto out;
1380 	}
1381 
1382 	for (i = 0; i < prog->instances.nr; i++) {
1383 		struct bpf_prog_prep_result result;
1384 		bpf_program_prep_t preprocessor = prog->preprocessor;
1385 
1386 		bzero(&result, sizeof(result));
1387 		err = preprocessor(prog, i, prog->insns,
1388 				   prog->insns_cnt, &result);
1389 		if (err) {
1390 			pr_warning("Preprocessing the %dth instance of program '%s' failed\n",
1391 				   i, prog->section_name);
1392 			goto out;
1393 		}
1394 
1395 		if (!result.new_insn_ptr || !result.new_insn_cnt) {
1396 			pr_debug("Skip loading the %dth instance of program '%s'\n",
1397 				 i, prog->section_name);
1398 			prog->instances.fds[i] = -1;
1399 			if (result.pfd)
1400 				*result.pfd = -1;
1401 			continue;
1402 		}
1403 
1404 		err = load_program(prog->type, prog->expected_attach_type,
1405 				   prog->name, result.new_insn_ptr,
1406 				   result.new_insn_cnt,
1407 				   license, kern_version, &fd,
1408 				   prog->prog_ifindex);
1409 
1410 		if (err) {
1411 			pr_warning("Loading the %dth instance of program '%s' failed\n",
1412 					i, prog->section_name);
1413 			goto out;
1414 		}
1415 
1416 		if (result.pfd)
1417 			*result.pfd = fd;
1418 		prog->instances.fds[i] = fd;
1419 	}
1420 out:
1421 	if (err)
1422 		pr_warning("failed to load program '%s'\n",
1423 			   prog->section_name);
1424 	zfree(&prog->insns);
1425 	prog->insns_cnt = 0;
1426 	return err;
1427 }
1428 
1429 static int
1430 bpf_object__load_progs(struct bpf_object *obj)
1431 {
1432 	size_t i;
1433 	int err;
1434 
1435 	for (i = 0; i < obj->nr_programs; i++) {
1436 		if (obj->programs[i].idx == obj->efile.text_shndx)
1437 			continue;
1438 		err = bpf_program__load(&obj->programs[i],
1439 					obj->license,
1440 					obj->kern_version);
1441 		if (err)
1442 			return err;
1443 	}
1444 	return 0;
1445 }
1446 
1447 static bool bpf_prog_type__needs_kver(enum bpf_prog_type type)
1448 {
1449 	switch (type) {
1450 	case BPF_PROG_TYPE_SOCKET_FILTER:
1451 	case BPF_PROG_TYPE_SCHED_CLS:
1452 	case BPF_PROG_TYPE_SCHED_ACT:
1453 	case BPF_PROG_TYPE_XDP:
1454 	case BPF_PROG_TYPE_CGROUP_SKB:
1455 	case BPF_PROG_TYPE_CGROUP_SOCK:
1456 	case BPF_PROG_TYPE_LWT_IN:
1457 	case BPF_PROG_TYPE_LWT_OUT:
1458 	case BPF_PROG_TYPE_LWT_XMIT:
1459 	case BPF_PROG_TYPE_LWT_SEG6LOCAL:
1460 	case BPF_PROG_TYPE_SOCK_OPS:
1461 	case BPF_PROG_TYPE_SK_SKB:
1462 	case BPF_PROG_TYPE_CGROUP_DEVICE:
1463 	case BPF_PROG_TYPE_SK_MSG:
1464 	case BPF_PROG_TYPE_CGROUP_SOCK_ADDR:
1465 	case BPF_PROG_TYPE_LIRC_MODE2:
1466 		return false;
1467 	case BPF_PROG_TYPE_UNSPEC:
1468 	case BPF_PROG_TYPE_KPROBE:
1469 	case BPF_PROG_TYPE_TRACEPOINT:
1470 	case BPF_PROG_TYPE_PERF_EVENT:
1471 	case BPF_PROG_TYPE_RAW_TRACEPOINT:
1472 	default:
1473 		return true;
1474 	}
1475 }
1476 
1477 static int bpf_object__validate(struct bpf_object *obj, bool needs_kver)
1478 {
1479 	if (needs_kver && obj->kern_version == 0) {
1480 		pr_warning("%s doesn't provide kernel version\n",
1481 			   obj->path);
1482 		return -LIBBPF_ERRNO__KVERSION;
1483 	}
1484 	return 0;
1485 }
1486 
1487 static struct bpf_object *
1488 __bpf_object__open(const char *path, void *obj_buf, size_t obj_buf_sz,
1489 		   bool needs_kver)
1490 {
1491 	struct bpf_object *obj;
1492 	int err;
1493 
1494 	if (elf_version(EV_CURRENT) == EV_NONE) {
1495 		pr_warning("failed to init libelf for %s\n", path);
1496 		return ERR_PTR(-LIBBPF_ERRNO__LIBELF);
1497 	}
1498 
1499 	obj = bpf_object__new(path, obj_buf, obj_buf_sz);
1500 	if (IS_ERR(obj))
1501 		return obj;
1502 
1503 	CHECK_ERR(bpf_object__elf_init(obj), err, out);
1504 	CHECK_ERR(bpf_object__check_endianness(obj), err, out);
1505 	CHECK_ERR(bpf_object__elf_collect(obj), err, out);
1506 	CHECK_ERR(bpf_object__collect_reloc(obj), err, out);
1507 	CHECK_ERR(bpf_object__validate(obj, needs_kver), err, out);
1508 
1509 	bpf_object__elf_finish(obj);
1510 	return obj;
1511 out:
1512 	bpf_object__close(obj);
1513 	return ERR_PTR(err);
1514 }
1515 
1516 struct bpf_object *bpf_object__open(const char *path)
1517 {
1518 	/* param validation */
1519 	if (!path)
1520 		return NULL;
1521 
1522 	pr_debug("loading %s\n", path);
1523 
1524 	return __bpf_object__open(path, NULL, 0, true);
1525 }
1526 
1527 struct bpf_object *bpf_object__open_buffer(void *obj_buf,
1528 					   size_t obj_buf_sz,
1529 					   const char *name)
1530 {
1531 	char tmp_name[64];
1532 
1533 	/* param validation */
1534 	if (!obj_buf || obj_buf_sz <= 0)
1535 		return NULL;
1536 
1537 	if (!name) {
1538 		snprintf(tmp_name, sizeof(tmp_name), "%lx-%lx",
1539 			 (unsigned long)obj_buf,
1540 			 (unsigned long)obj_buf_sz);
1541 		tmp_name[sizeof(tmp_name) - 1] = '\0';
1542 		name = tmp_name;
1543 	}
1544 	pr_debug("loading object '%s' from buffer\n",
1545 		 name);
1546 
1547 	return __bpf_object__open(name, obj_buf, obj_buf_sz, true);
1548 }
1549 
1550 int bpf_object__unload(struct bpf_object *obj)
1551 {
1552 	size_t i;
1553 
1554 	if (!obj)
1555 		return -EINVAL;
1556 
1557 	for (i = 0; i < obj->nr_maps; i++)
1558 		zclose(obj->maps[i].fd);
1559 
1560 	for (i = 0; i < obj->nr_programs; i++)
1561 		bpf_program__unload(&obj->programs[i]);
1562 
1563 	return 0;
1564 }
1565 
1566 int bpf_object__load(struct bpf_object *obj)
1567 {
1568 	int err;
1569 
1570 	if (!obj)
1571 		return -EINVAL;
1572 
1573 	if (obj->loaded) {
1574 		pr_warning("object should not be loaded twice\n");
1575 		return -EINVAL;
1576 	}
1577 
1578 	obj->loaded = true;
1579 
1580 	CHECK_ERR(bpf_object__create_maps(obj), err, out);
1581 	CHECK_ERR(bpf_object__relocate(obj), err, out);
1582 	CHECK_ERR(bpf_object__load_progs(obj), err, out);
1583 
1584 	return 0;
1585 out:
1586 	bpf_object__unload(obj);
1587 	pr_warning("failed to load object '%s'\n", obj->path);
1588 	return err;
1589 }
1590 
1591 static int check_path(const char *path)
1592 {
1593 	struct statfs st_fs;
1594 	char *dname, *dir;
1595 	int err = 0;
1596 
1597 	if (path == NULL)
1598 		return -EINVAL;
1599 
1600 	dname = strdup(path);
1601 	if (dname == NULL)
1602 		return -ENOMEM;
1603 
1604 	dir = dirname(dname);
1605 	if (statfs(dir, &st_fs)) {
1606 		pr_warning("failed to statfs %s: %s\n", dir, strerror(errno));
1607 		err = -errno;
1608 	}
1609 	free(dname);
1610 
1611 	if (!err && st_fs.f_type != BPF_FS_MAGIC) {
1612 		pr_warning("specified path %s is not on BPF FS\n", path);
1613 		err = -EINVAL;
1614 	}
1615 
1616 	return err;
1617 }
1618 
1619 int bpf_program__pin_instance(struct bpf_program *prog, const char *path,
1620 			      int instance)
1621 {
1622 	int err;
1623 
1624 	err = check_path(path);
1625 	if (err)
1626 		return err;
1627 
1628 	if (prog == NULL) {
1629 		pr_warning("invalid program pointer\n");
1630 		return -EINVAL;
1631 	}
1632 
1633 	if (instance < 0 || instance >= prog->instances.nr) {
1634 		pr_warning("invalid prog instance %d of prog %s (max %d)\n",
1635 			   instance, prog->section_name, prog->instances.nr);
1636 		return -EINVAL;
1637 	}
1638 
1639 	if (bpf_obj_pin(prog->instances.fds[instance], path)) {
1640 		pr_warning("failed to pin program: %s\n", strerror(errno));
1641 		return -errno;
1642 	}
1643 	pr_debug("pinned program '%s'\n", path);
1644 
1645 	return 0;
1646 }
1647 
1648 static int make_dir(const char *path)
1649 {
1650 	int err = 0;
1651 
1652 	if (mkdir(path, 0700) && errno != EEXIST)
1653 		err = -errno;
1654 
1655 	if (err)
1656 		pr_warning("failed to mkdir %s: %s\n", path, strerror(-err));
1657 	return err;
1658 }
1659 
1660 int bpf_program__pin(struct bpf_program *prog, const char *path)
1661 {
1662 	int i, err;
1663 
1664 	err = check_path(path);
1665 	if (err)
1666 		return err;
1667 
1668 	if (prog == NULL) {
1669 		pr_warning("invalid program pointer\n");
1670 		return -EINVAL;
1671 	}
1672 
1673 	if (prog->instances.nr <= 0) {
1674 		pr_warning("no instances of prog %s to pin\n",
1675 			   prog->section_name);
1676 		return -EINVAL;
1677 	}
1678 
1679 	err = make_dir(path);
1680 	if (err)
1681 		return err;
1682 
1683 	for (i = 0; i < prog->instances.nr; i++) {
1684 		char buf[PATH_MAX];
1685 		int len;
1686 
1687 		len = snprintf(buf, PATH_MAX, "%s/%d", path, i);
1688 		if (len < 0)
1689 			return -EINVAL;
1690 		else if (len >= PATH_MAX)
1691 			return -ENAMETOOLONG;
1692 
1693 		err = bpf_program__pin_instance(prog, buf, i);
1694 		if (err)
1695 			return err;
1696 	}
1697 
1698 	return 0;
1699 }
1700 
1701 int bpf_map__pin(struct bpf_map *map, const char *path)
1702 {
1703 	int err;
1704 
1705 	err = check_path(path);
1706 	if (err)
1707 		return err;
1708 
1709 	if (map == NULL) {
1710 		pr_warning("invalid map pointer\n");
1711 		return -EINVAL;
1712 	}
1713 
1714 	if (bpf_obj_pin(map->fd, path)) {
1715 		pr_warning("failed to pin map: %s\n", strerror(errno));
1716 		return -errno;
1717 	}
1718 
1719 	pr_debug("pinned map '%s'\n", path);
1720 	return 0;
1721 }
1722 
1723 int bpf_object__pin(struct bpf_object *obj, const char *path)
1724 {
1725 	struct bpf_program *prog;
1726 	struct bpf_map *map;
1727 	int err;
1728 
1729 	if (!obj)
1730 		return -ENOENT;
1731 
1732 	if (!obj->loaded) {
1733 		pr_warning("object not yet loaded; load it first\n");
1734 		return -ENOENT;
1735 	}
1736 
1737 	err = make_dir(path);
1738 	if (err)
1739 		return err;
1740 
1741 	bpf_map__for_each(map, obj) {
1742 		char buf[PATH_MAX];
1743 		int len;
1744 
1745 		len = snprintf(buf, PATH_MAX, "%s/%s", path,
1746 			       bpf_map__name(map));
1747 		if (len < 0)
1748 			return -EINVAL;
1749 		else if (len >= PATH_MAX)
1750 			return -ENAMETOOLONG;
1751 
1752 		err = bpf_map__pin(map, buf);
1753 		if (err)
1754 			return err;
1755 	}
1756 
1757 	bpf_object__for_each_program(prog, obj) {
1758 		char buf[PATH_MAX];
1759 		int len;
1760 
1761 		len = snprintf(buf, PATH_MAX, "%s/%s", path,
1762 			       prog->section_name);
1763 		if (len < 0)
1764 			return -EINVAL;
1765 		else if (len >= PATH_MAX)
1766 			return -ENAMETOOLONG;
1767 
1768 		err = bpf_program__pin(prog, buf);
1769 		if (err)
1770 			return err;
1771 	}
1772 
1773 	return 0;
1774 }
1775 
1776 void bpf_object__close(struct bpf_object *obj)
1777 {
1778 	size_t i;
1779 
1780 	if (!obj)
1781 		return;
1782 
1783 	if (obj->clear_priv)
1784 		obj->clear_priv(obj, obj->priv);
1785 
1786 	bpf_object__elf_finish(obj);
1787 	bpf_object__unload(obj);
1788 	btf__free(obj->btf);
1789 
1790 	for (i = 0; i < obj->nr_maps; i++) {
1791 		zfree(&obj->maps[i].name);
1792 		if (obj->maps[i].clear_priv)
1793 			obj->maps[i].clear_priv(&obj->maps[i],
1794 						obj->maps[i].priv);
1795 		obj->maps[i].priv = NULL;
1796 		obj->maps[i].clear_priv = NULL;
1797 	}
1798 	zfree(&obj->maps);
1799 	obj->nr_maps = 0;
1800 
1801 	if (obj->programs && obj->nr_programs) {
1802 		for (i = 0; i < obj->nr_programs; i++)
1803 			bpf_program__exit(&obj->programs[i]);
1804 	}
1805 	zfree(&obj->programs);
1806 
1807 	list_del(&obj->list);
1808 	free(obj);
1809 }
1810 
1811 struct bpf_object *
1812 bpf_object__next(struct bpf_object *prev)
1813 {
1814 	struct bpf_object *next;
1815 
1816 	if (!prev)
1817 		next = list_first_entry(&bpf_objects_list,
1818 					struct bpf_object,
1819 					list);
1820 	else
1821 		next = list_next_entry(prev, list);
1822 
1823 	/* Empty list is noticed here so don't need checking on entry. */
1824 	if (&next->list == &bpf_objects_list)
1825 		return NULL;
1826 
1827 	return next;
1828 }
1829 
1830 const char *bpf_object__name(struct bpf_object *obj)
1831 {
1832 	return obj ? obj->path : ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);
1833 }
1834 
1835 unsigned int bpf_object__kversion(struct bpf_object *obj)
1836 {
1837 	return obj ? obj->kern_version : 0;
1838 }
1839 
1840 int bpf_object__btf_fd(const struct bpf_object *obj)
1841 {
1842 	return obj->btf ? btf__fd(obj->btf) : -1;
1843 }
1844 
1845 int bpf_object__set_priv(struct bpf_object *obj, void *priv,
1846 			 bpf_object_clear_priv_t clear_priv)
1847 {
1848 	if (obj->priv && obj->clear_priv)
1849 		obj->clear_priv(obj, obj->priv);
1850 
1851 	obj->priv = priv;
1852 	obj->clear_priv = clear_priv;
1853 	return 0;
1854 }
1855 
1856 void *bpf_object__priv(struct bpf_object *obj)
1857 {
1858 	return obj ? obj->priv : ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);
1859 }
1860 
1861 struct bpf_program *
1862 bpf_program__next(struct bpf_program *prev, struct bpf_object *obj)
1863 {
1864 	size_t idx;
1865 
1866 	if (!obj->programs)
1867 		return NULL;
1868 	/* First handler */
1869 	if (prev == NULL)
1870 		return &obj->programs[0];
1871 
1872 	if (prev->obj != obj) {
1873 		pr_warning("error: program handler doesn't match object\n");
1874 		return NULL;
1875 	}
1876 
1877 	idx = (prev - obj->programs) + 1;
1878 	if (idx >= obj->nr_programs)
1879 		return NULL;
1880 	return &obj->programs[idx];
1881 }
1882 
1883 int bpf_program__set_priv(struct bpf_program *prog, void *priv,
1884 			  bpf_program_clear_priv_t clear_priv)
1885 {
1886 	if (prog->priv && prog->clear_priv)
1887 		prog->clear_priv(prog, prog->priv);
1888 
1889 	prog->priv = priv;
1890 	prog->clear_priv = clear_priv;
1891 	return 0;
1892 }
1893 
1894 void *bpf_program__priv(struct bpf_program *prog)
1895 {
1896 	return prog ? prog->priv : ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);
1897 }
1898 
1899 const char *bpf_program__title(struct bpf_program *prog, bool needs_copy)
1900 {
1901 	const char *title;
1902 
1903 	title = prog->section_name;
1904 	if (needs_copy) {
1905 		title = strdup(title);
1906 		if (!title) {
1907 			pr_warning("failed to strdup program title\n");
1908 			return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
1909 		}
1910 	}
1911 
1912 	return title;
1913 }
1914 
1915 int bpf_program__fd(struct bpf_program *prog)
1916 {
1917 	return bpf_program__nth_fd(prog, 0);
1918 }
1919 
1920 int bpf_program__set_prep(struct bpf_program *prog, int nr_instances,
1921 			  bpf_program_prep_t prep)
1922 {
1923 	int *instances_fds;
1924 
1925 	if (nr_instances <= 0 || !prep)
1926 		return -EINVAL;
1927 
1928 	if (prog->instances.nr > 0 || prog->instances.fds) {
1929 		pr_warning("Can't set pre-processor after loading\n");
1930 		return -EINVAL;
1931 	}
1932 
1933 	instances_fds = malloc(sizeof(int) * nr_instances);
1934 	if (!instances_fds) {
1935 		pr_warning("alloc memory failed for fds\n");
1936 		return -ENOMEM;
1937 	}
1938 
1939 	/* fill all fd with -1 */
1940 	memset(instances_fds, -1, sizeof(int) * nr_instances);
1941 
1942 	prog->instances.nr = nr_instances;
1943 	prog->instances.fds = instances_fds;
1944 	prog->preprocessor = prep;
1945 	return 0;
1946 }
1947 
1948 int bpf_program__nth_fd(struct bpf_program *prog, int n)
1949 {
1950 	int fd;
1951 
1952 	if (n >= prog->instances.nr || n < 0) {
1953 		pr_warning("Can't get the %dth fd from program %s: only %d instances\n",
1954 			   n, prog->section_name, prog->instances.nr);
1955 		return -EINVAL;
1956 	}
1957 
1958 	fd = prog->instances.fds[n];
1959 	if (fd < 0) {
1960 		pr_warning("%dth instance of program '%s' is invalid\n",
1961 			   n, prog->section_name);
1962 		return -ENOENT;
1963 	}
1964 
1965 	return fd;
1966 }
1967 
1968 void bpf_program__set_type(struct bpf_program *prog, enum bpf_prog_type type)
1969 {
1970 	prog->type = type;
1971 }
1972 
1973 static bool bpf_program__is_type(struct bpf_program *prog,
1974 				 enum bpf_prog_type type)
1975 {
1976 	return prog ? (prog->type == type) : false;
1977 }
1978 
1979 #define BPF_PROG_TYPE_FNS(NAME, TYPE)			\
1980 int bpf_program__set_##NAME(struct bpf_program *prog)	\
1981 {							\
1982 	if (!prog)					\
1983 		return -EINVAL;				\
1984 	bpf_program__set_type(prog, TYPE);		\
1985 	return 0;					\
1986 }							\
1987 							\
1988 bool bpf_program__is_##NAME(struct bpf_program *prog)	\
1989 {							\
1990 	return bpf_program__is_type(prog, TYPE);	\
1991 }							\
1992 
1993 BPF_PROG_TYPE_FNS(socket_filter, BPF_PROG_TYPE_SOCKET_FILTER);
1994 BPF_PROG_TYPE_FNS(kprobe, BPF_PROG_TYPE_KPROBE);
1995 BPF_PROG_TYPE_FNS(sched_cls, BPF_PROG_TYPE_SCHED_CLS);
1996 BPF_PROG_TYPE_FNS(sched_act, BPF_PROG_TYPE_SCHED_ACT);
1997 BPF_PROG_TYPE_FNS(tracepoint, BPF_PROG_TYPE_TRACEPOINT);
1998 BPF_PROG_TYPE_FNS(raw_tracepoint, BPF_PROG_TYPE_RAW_TRACEPOINT);
1999 BPF_PROG_TYPE_FNS(xdp, BPF_PROG_TYPE_XDP);
2000 BPF_PROG_TYPE_FNS(perf_event, BPF_PROG_TYPE_PERF_EVENT);
2001 
2002 void bpf_program__set_expected_attach_type(struct bpf_program *prog,
2003 					   enum bpf_attach_type type)
2004 {
2005 	prog->expected_attach_type = type;
2006 }
2007 
2008 #define BPF_PROG_SEC_FULL(string, ptype, atype) \
2009 	{ string, sizeof(string) - 1, ptype, atype }
2010 
2011 #define BPF_PROG_SEC(string, ptype) BPF_PROG_SEC_FULL(string, ptype, 0)
2012 
2013 #define BPF_S_PROG_SEC(string, ptype) \
2014 	BPF_PROG_SEC_FULL(string, BPF_PROG_TYPE_CGROUP_SOCK, ptype)
2015 
2016 #define BPF_SA_PROG_SEC(string, ptype) \
2017 	BPF_PROG_SEC_FULL(string, BPF_PROG_TYPE_CGROUP_SOCK_ADDR, ptype)
2018 
2019 static const struct {
2020 	const char *sec;
2021 	size_t len;
2022 	enum bpf_prog_type prog_type;
2023 	enum bpf_attach_type expected_attach_type;
2024 } section_names[] = {
2025 	BPF_PROG_SEC("socket",		BPF_PROG_TYPE_SOCKET_FILTER),
2026 	BPF_PROG_SEC("kprobe/",		BPF_PROG_TYPE_KPROBE),
2027 	BPF_PROG_SEC("kretprobe/",	BPF_PROG_TYPE_KPROBE),
2028 	BPF_PROG_SEC("classifier",	BPF_PROG_TYPE_SCHED_CLS),
2029 	BPF_PROG_SEC("action",		BPF_PROG_TYPE_SCHED_ACT),
2030 	BPF_PROG_SEC("tracepoint/",	BPF_PROG_TYPE_TRACEPOINT),
2031 	BPF_PROG_SEC("raw_tracepoint/",	BPF_PROG_TYPE_RAW_TRACEPOINT),
2032 	BPF_PROG_SEC("xdp",		BPF_PROG_TYPE_XDP),
2033 	BPF_PROG_SEC("perf_event",	BPF_PROG_TYPE_PERF_EVENT),
2034 	BPF_PROG_SEC("cgroup/skb",	BPF_PROG_TYPE_CGROUP_SKB),
2035 	BPF_PROG_SEC("cgroup/sock",	BPF_PROG_TYPE_CGROUP_SOCK),
2036 	BPF_PROG_SEC("cgroup/dev",	BPF_PROG_TYPE_CGROUP_DEVICE),
2037 	BPF_PROG_SEC("lwt_in",		BPF_PROG_TYPE_LWT_IN),
2038 	BPF_PROG_SEC("lwt_out",		BPF_PROG_TYPE_LWT_OUT),
2039 	BPF_PROG_SEC("lwt_xmit",	BPF_PROG_TYPE_LWT_XMIT),
2040 	BPF_PROG_SEC("sockops",		BPF_PROG_TYPE_SOCK_OPS),
2041 	BPF_PROG_SEC("sk_skb",		BPF_PROG_TYPE_SK_SKB),
2042 	BPF_PROG_SEC("sk_msg",		BPF_PROG_TYPE_SK_MSG),
2043 	BPF_SA_PROG_SEC("cgroup/bind4",	BPF_CGROUP_INET4_BIND),
2044 	BPF_SA_PROG_SEC("cgroup/bind6",	BPF_CGROUP_INET6_BIND),
2045 	BPF_SA_PROG_SEC("cgroup/connect4", BPF_CGROUP_INET4_CONNECT),
2046 	BPF_SA_PROG_SEC("cgroup/connect6", BPF_CGROUP_INET6_CONNECT),
2047 	BPF_SA_PROG_SEC("cgroup/sendmsg4", BPF_CGROUP_UDP4_SENDMSG),
2048 	BPF_SA_PROG_SEC("cgroup/sendmsg6", BPF_CGROUP_UDP6_SENDMSG),
2049 	BPF_S_PROG_SEC("cgroup/post_bind4", BPF_CGROUP_INET4_POST_BIND),
2050 	BPF_S_PROG_SEC("cgroup/post_bind6", BPF_CGROUP_INET6_POST_BIND),
2051 };
2052 
2053 #undef BPF_PROG_SEC
2054 #undef BPF_PROG_SEC_FULL
2055 #undef BPF_S_PROG_SEC
2056 #undef BPF_SA_PROG_SEC
2057 
2058 static int bpf_program__identify_section(struct bpf_program *prog)
2059 {
2060 	int i;
2061 
2062 	if (!prog->section_name)
2063 		goto err;
2064 
2065 	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(section_names); i++)
2066 		if (strncmp(prog->section_name, section_names[i].sec,
2067 			    section_names[i].len) == 0)
2068 			return i;
2069 
2070 err:
2071 	pr_warning("failed to guess program type based on section name %s\n",
2072 		   prog->section_name);
2073 
2074 	return -1;
2075 }
2076 
2077 int bpf_map__fd(struct bpf_map *map)
2078 {
2079 	return map ? map->fd : -EINVAL;
2080 }
2081 
2082 const struct bpf_map_def *bpf_map__def(struct bpf_map *map)
2083 {
2084 	return map ? &map->def : ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);
2085 }
2086 
2087 const char *bpf_map__name(struct bpf_map *map)
2088 {
2089 	return map ? map->name : NULL;
2090 }
2091 
2092 uint32_t bpf_map__btf_key_type_id(const struct bpf_map *map)
2093 {
2094 	return map ? map->btf_key_type_id : 0;
2095 }
2096 
2097 uint32_t bpf_map__btf_value_type_id(const struct bpf_map *map)
2098 {
2099 	return map ? map->btf_value_type_id : 0;
2100 }
2101 
2102 int bpf_map__set_priv(struct bpf_map *map, void *priv,
2103 		     bpf_map_clear_priv_t clear_priv)
2104 {
2105 	if (!map)
2106 		return -EINVAL;
2107 
2108 	if (map->priv) {
2109 		if (map->clear_priv)
2110 			map->clear_priv(map, map->priv);
2111 	}
2112 
2113 	map->priv = priv;
2114 	map->clear_priv = clear_priv;
2115 	return 0;
2116 }
2117 
2118 void *bpf_map__priv(struct bpf_map *map)
2119 {
2120 	return map ? map->priv : ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);
2121 }
2122 
2123 struct bpf_map *
2124 bpf_map__next(struct bpf_map *prev, struct bpf_object *obj)
2125 {
2126 	size_t idx;
2127 	struct bpf_map *s, *e;
2128 
2129 	if (!obj || !obj->maps)
2130 		return NULL;
2131 
2132 	s = obj->maps;
2133 	e = obj->maps + obj->nr_maps;
2134 
2135 	if (prev == NULL)
2136 		return s;
2137 
2138 	if ((prev < s) || (prev >= e)) {
2139 		pr_warning("error in %s: map handler doesn't belong to object\n",
2140 			   __func__);
2141 		return NULL;
2142 	}
2143 
2144 	idx = (prev - obj->maps) + 1;
2145 	if (idx >= obj->nr_maps)
2146 		return NULL;
2147 	return &obj->maps[idx];
2148 }
2149 
2150 struct bpf_map *
2151 bpf_object__find_map_by_name(struct bpf_object *obj, const char *name)
2152 {
2153 	struct bpf_map *pos;
2154 
2155 	bpf_map__for_each(pos, obj) {
2156 		if (pos->name && !strcmp(pos->name, name))
2157 			return pos;
2158 	}
2159 	return NULL;
2160 }
2161 
2162 struct bpf_map *
2163 bpf_object__find_map_by_offset(struct bpf_object *obj, size_t offset)
2164 {
2165 	int i;
2166 
2167 	for (i = 0; i < obj->nr_maps; i++) {
2168 		if (obj->maps[i].offset == offset)
2169 			return &obj->maps[i];
2170 	}
2171 	return ERR_PTR(-ENOENT);
2172 }
2173 
2174 long libbpf_get_error(const void *ptr)
2175 {
2176 	if (IS_ERR(ptr))
2177 		return PTR_ERR(ptr);
2178 	return 0;
2179 }
2180 
2181 int bpf_prog_load(const char *file, enum bpf_prog_type type,
2182 		  struct bpf_object **pobj, int *prog_fd)
2183 {
2184 	struct bpf_prog_load_attr attr;
2185 
2186 	memset(&attr, 0, sizeof(struct bpf_prog_load_attr));
2187 	attr.file = file;
2188 	attr.prog_type = type;
2189 	attr.expected_attach_type = 0;
2190 
2191 	return bpf_prog_load_xattr(&attr, pobj, prog_fd);
2192 }
2193 
2194 int bpf_prog_load_xattr(const struct bpf_prog_load_attr *attr,
2195 			struct bpf_object **pobj, int *prog_fd)
2196 {
2197 	struct bpf_program *prog, *first_prog = NULL;
2198 	enum bpf_attach_type expected_attach_type;
2199 	enum bpf_prog_type prog_type;
2200 	struct bpf_object *obj;
2201 	struct bpf_map *map;
2202 	int section_idx;
2203 	int err;
2204 
2205 	if (!attr)
2206 		return -EINVAL;
2207 	if (!attr->file)
2208 		return -EINVAL;
2209 
2210 	obj = __bpf_object__open(attr->file, NULL, 0,
2211 				 bpf_prog_type__needs_kver(attr->prog_type));
2212 	if (IS_ERR_OR_NULL(obj))
2213 		return -ENOENT;
2214 
2215 	bpf_object__for_each_program(prog, obj) {
2216 		/*
2217 		 * If type is not specified, try to guess it based on
2218 		 * section name.
2219 		 */
2220 		prog_type = attr->prog_type;
2221 		prog->prog_ifindex = attr->ifindex;
2222 		expected_attach_type = attr->expected_attach_type;
2223 		if (prog_type == BPF_PROG_TYPE_UNSPEC) {
2224 			section_idx = bpf_program__identify_section(prog);
2225 			if (section_idx < 0) {
2226 				bpf_object__close(obj);
2227 				return -EINVAL;
2228 			}
2229 			prog_type = section_names[section_idx].prog_type;
2230 			expected_attach_type =
2231 				section_names[section_idx].expected_attach_type;
2232 		}
2233 
2234 		bpf_program__set_type(prog, prog_type);
2235 		bpf_program__set_expected_attach_type(prog,
2236 						      expected_attach_type);
2237 
2238 		if (prog->idx != obj->efile.text_shndx && !first_prog)
2239 			first_prog = prog;
2240 	}
2241 
2242 	bpf_map__for_each(map, obj) {
2243 		map->map_ifindex = attr->ifindex;
2244 	}
2245 
2246 	if (!first_prog) {
2247 		pr_warning("object file doesn't contain bpf program\n");
2248 		bpf_object__close(obj);
2249 		return -ENOENT;
2250 	}
2251 
2252 	err = bpf_object__load(obj);
2253 	if (err) {
2254 		bpf_object__close(obj);
2255 		return -EINVAL;
2256 	}
2257 
2258 	*pobj = obj;
2259 	*prog_fd = bpf_program__fd(first_prog);
2260 	return 0;
2261 }
2262 
2263 enum bpf_perf_event_ret
2264 bpf_perf_event_read_simple(void *mem, unsigned long size,
2265 			   unsigned long page_size, void **buf, size_t *buf_len,
2266 			   bpf_perf_event_print_t fn, void *priv)
2267 {
2268 	volatile struct perf_event_mmap_page *header = mem;
2269 	__u64 data_tail = header->data_tail;
2270 	__u64 data_head = header->data_head;
2271 	void *base, *begin, *end;
2272 	int ret;
2273 
2274 	asm volatile("" ::: "memory"); /* in real code it should be smp_rmb() */
2275 	if (data_head == data_tail)
2276 		return LIBBPF_PERF_EVENT_CONT;
2277 
2278 	base = ((char *)header) + page_size;
2279 
2280 	begin = base + data_tail % size;
2281 	end = base + data_head % size;
2282 
2283 	while (begin != end) {
2284 		struct perf_event_header *ehdr;
2285 
2286 		ehdr = begin;
2287 		if (begin + ehdr->size > base + size) {
2288 			long len = base + size - begin;
2289 
2290 			if (*buf_len < ehdr->size) {
2291 				free(*buf);
2292 				*buf = malloc(ehdr->size);
2293 				if (!*buf) {
2294 					ret = LIBBPF_PERF_EVENT_ERROR;
2295 					break;
2296 				}
2297 				*buf_len = ehdr->size;
2298 			}
2299 
2300 			memcpy(*buf, begin, len);
2301 			memcpy(*buf + len, base, ehdr->size - len);
2302 			ehdr = (void *)*buf;
2303 			begin = base + ehdr->size - len;
2304 		} else if (begin + ehdr->size == base + size) {
2305 			begin = base;
2306 		} else {
2307 			begin += ehdr->size;
2308 		}
2309 
2310 		ret = fn(ehdr, priv);
2311 		if (ret != LIBBPF_PERF_EVENT_CONT)
2312 			break;
2313 
2314 		data_tail += ehdr->size;
2315 	}
2316 
2317 	__sync_synchronize(); /* smp_mb() */
2318 	header->data_tail = data_tail;
2319 
2320 	return ret;
2321 }
2322