xref: /linux/tools/lib/bpf/hashmap.h (revision 7f71507851fc7764b36a3221839607d3a45c2025)
1 /* SPDX-License-Identifier: (LGPL-2.1 OR BSD-2-Clause) */
2 
3 /*
4  * Generic non-thread safe hash map implementation.
5  *
6  * Copyright (c) 2019 Facebook
7  */
8 #ifndef __LIBBPF_HASHMAP_H
9 #define __LIBBPF_HASHMAP_H
10 
11 #include <stdbool.h>
12 #include <stddef.h>
13 #include <limits.h>
14 
15 static inline size_t hash_bits(size_t h, int bits)
16 {
17 	/* shuffle bits and return requested number of upper bits */
18 	if (bits == 0)
19 		return 0;
20 
21 #if (__SIZEOF_SIZE_T__ == __SIZEOF_LONG_LONG__)
22 	/* LP64 case */
23 	return (h * 11400714819323198485llu) >> (__SIZEOF_LONG_LONG__ * 8 - bits);
24 #elif (__SIZEOF_SIZE_T__ <= __SIZEOF_LONG__)
25 	return (h * 2654435769lu) >> (__SIZEOF_LONG__ * 8 - bits);
26 #else
27 #	error "Unsupported size_t size"
28 #endif
29 }
30 
31 /* generic C-string hashing function */
32 static inline size_t str_hash(const char *s)
33 {
34 	size_t h = 0;
35 
36 	while (*s) {
37 		h = h * 31 + *s;
38 		s++;
39 	}
40 	return h;
41 }
42 
43 typedef size_t (*hashmap_hash_fn)(long key, void *ctx);
44 typedef bool (*hashmap_equal_fn)(long key1, long key2, void *ctx);
45 
46 /*
47  * Hashmap interface is polymorphic, keys and values could be either
48  * long-sized integers or pointers, this is achieved as follows:
49  * - interface functions that operate on keys and values are hidden
50  *   behind auxiliary macros, e.g. hashmap_insert <-> hashmap__insert;
51  * - these auxiliary macros cast the key and value parameters as
52  *   long or long *, so the user does not have to specify the casts explicitly;
53  * - for pointer parameters (e.g. old_key) the size of the pointed
54  *   type is verified by hashmap_cast_ptr using _Static_assert;
55  * - when iterating using hashmap__for_each_* forms
56  *   hasmap_entry->key should be used for integer keys and
57  *   hasmap_entry->pkey should be used for pointer keys,
58  *   same goes for values.
59  */
60 struct hashmap_entry {
61 	union {
62 		long key;
63 		const void *pkey;
64 	};
65 	union {
66 		long value;
67 		void *pvalue;
68 	};
69 	struct hashmap_entry *next;
70 };
71 
72 struct hashmap {
73 	hashmap_hash_fn hash_fn;
74 	hashmap_equal_fn equal_fn;
75 	void *ctx;
76 
77 	struct hashmap_entry **buckets;
78 	size_t cap;
79 	size_t cap_bits;
80 	size_t sz;
81 };
82 
83 void hashmap__init(struct hashmap *map, hashmap_hash_fn hash_fn,
84 		   hashmap_equal_fn equal_fn, void *ctx);
85 struct hashmap *hashmap__new(hashmap_hash_fn hash_fn,
86 			     hashmap_equal_fn equal_fn,
87 			     void *ctx);
88 void hashmap__clear(struct hashmap *map);
89 void hashmap__free(struct hashmap *map);
90 
91 size_t hashmap__size(const struct hashmap *map);
92 size_t hashmap__capacity(const struct hashmap *map);
93 
94 /*
95  * Hashmap insertion strategy:
96  * - HASHMAP_ADD - only add key/value if key doesn't exist yet;
97  * - HASHMAP_SET - add key/value pair if key doesn't exist yet; otherwise,
98  *   update value;
99  * - HASHMAP_UPDATE - update value, if key already exists; otherwise, do
100  *   nothing and return -ENOENT;
101  * - HASHMAP_APPEND - always add key/value pair, even if key already exists.
102  *   This turns hashmap into a multimap by allowing multiple values to be
103  *   associated with the same key. Most useful read API for such hashmap is
104  *   hashmap__for_each_key_entry() iteration. If hashmap__find() is still
105  *   used, it will return last inserted key/value entry (first in a bucket
106  *   chain).
107  */
108 enum hashmap_insert_strategy {
109 	HASHMAP_ADD,
110 	HASHMAP_SET,
111 	HASHMAP_UPDATE,
112 	HASHMAP_APPEND,
113 };
114 
115 #define hashmap_cast_ptr(p) ({								\
116 	_Static_assert((__builtin_constant_p((p)) ? (p) == NULL : 0) ||			\
117 				sizeof(*(p)) == sizeof(long),				\
118 		       #p " pointee should be a long-sized integer or a pointer");	\
119 	(long *)(p);									\
120 })
121 
122 /*
123  * hashmap__insert() adds key/value entry w/ various semantics, depending on
124  * provided strategy value. If a given key/value pair replaced already
125  * existing key/value pair, both old key and old value will be returned
126  * through old_key and old_value to allow calling code do proper memory
127  * management.
128  */
129 int hashmap_insert(struct hashmap *map, long key, long value,
130 		   enum hashmap_insert_strategy strategy,
131 		   long *old_key, long *old_value);
132 
133 #define hashmap__insert(map, key, value, strategy, old_key, old_value) \
134 	hashmap_insert((map), (long)(key), (long)(value), (strategy),  \
135 		       hashmap_cast_ptr(old_key),		       \
136 		       hashmap_cast_ptr(old_value))
137 
138 #define hashmap__add(map, key, value) \
139 	hashmap__insert((map), (key), (value), HASHMAP_ADD, NULL, NULL)
140 
141 #define hashmap__set(map, key, value, old_key, old_value) \
142 	hashmap__insert((map), (key), (value), HASHMAP_SET, (old_key), (old_value))
143 
144 #define hashmap__update(map, key, value, old_key, old_value) \
145 	hashmap__insert((map), (key), (value), HASHMAP_UPDATE, (old_key), (old_value))
146 
147 #define hashmap__append(map, key, value) \
148 	hashmap__insert((map), (key), (value), HASHMAP_APPEND, NULL, NULL)
149 
150 bool hashmap_delete(struct hashmap *map, long key, long *old_key, long *old_value);
151 
152 #define hashmap__delete(map, key, old_key, old_value)		       \
153 	hashmap_delete((map), (long)(key),			       \
154 		       hashmap_cast_ptr(old_key),		       \
155 		       hashmap_cast_ptr(old_value))
156 
157 bool hashmap_find(const struct hashmap *map, long key, long *value);
158 
159 #define hashmap__find(map, key, value) \
160 	hashmap_find((map), (long)(key), hashmap_cast_ptr(value))
161 
162 /*
163  * hashmap__for_each_entry - iterate over all entries in hashmap
164  * @map: hashmap to iterate
165  * @cur: struct hashmap_entry * used as a loop cursor
166  * @bkt: integer used as a bucket loop cursor
167  */
168 #define hashmap__for_each_entry(map, cur, bkt)				    \
169 	for (bkt = 0; bkt < (map)->cap; bkt++)				    \
170 		for (cur = (map)->buckets[bkt]; cur; cur = cur->next)
171 
172 /*
173  * hashmap__for_each_entry_safe - iterate over all entries in hashmap, safe
174  * against removals
175  * @map: hashmap to iterate
176  * @cur: struct hashmap_entry * used as a loop cursor
177  * @tmp: struct hashmap_entry * used as a temporary next cursor storage
178  * @bkt: integer used as a bucket loop cursor
179  */
180 #define hashmap__for_each_entry_safe(map, cur, tmp, bkt)		    \
181 	for (bkt = 0; bkt < (map)->cap; bkt++)				    \
182 		for (cur = (map)->buckets[bkt];				    \
183 		     cur && ({tmp = cur->next; true; });		    \
184 		     cur = tmp)
185 
186 /*
187  * hashmap__for_each_key_entry - iterate over entries associated with given key
188  * @map: hashmap to iterate
189  * @cur: struct hashmap_entry * used as a loop cursor
190  * @key: key to iterate entries for
191  */
192 #define hashmap__for_each_key_entry(map, cur, _key)			    \
193 	for (cur = (map)->buckets					    \
194 		     ? (map)->buckets[hash_bits((map)->hash_fn((_key), (map)->ctx), (map)->cap_bits)] \
195 		     : NULL;						    \
196 	     cur;							    \
197 	     cur = cur->next)						    \
198 		if ((map)->equal_fn(cur->key, (_key), (map)->ctx))
199 
200 #define hashmap__for_each_key_entry_safe(map, cur, tmp, _key)		    \
201 	for (cur = (map)->buckets					    \
202 		     ? (map)->buckets[hash_bits((map)->hash_fn((_key), (map)->ctx), (map)->cap_bits)] \
203 		     : NULL;						    \
204 	     cur && ({ tmp = cur->next; true; });			    \
205 	     cur = tmp)							    \
206 		if ((map)->equal_fn(cur->key, (_key), (map)->ctx))
207 
208 #endif /* __LIBBPF_HASHMAP_H */
209