xref: /linux/tools/lib/bpf/bpf.c (revision 23c48a124b469cee2eb0c75e6d22d366d1caa118)
1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: (LGPL-2.1 OR BSD-2-Clause)
2 
3 /*
4  * common eBPF ELF operations.
5  *
6  * Copyright (C) 2013-2015 Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
7  * Copyright (C) 2015 Wang Nan <wangnan0@huawei.com>
8  * Copyright (C) 2015 Huawei Inc.
9  *
10  * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
11  * modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
12  * License as published by the Free Software Foundation;
13  * version 2.1 of the License (not later!)
14  *
15  * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
16  * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
17  * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
18  * GNU Lesser General Public License for more details.
19  *
20  * You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
21  * License along with this program; if not,  see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses>
22  */
23 
24 #include <stdlib.h>
25 #include <string.h>
26 #include <memory.h>
27 #include <unistd.h>
28 #include <asm/unistd.h>
29 #include <errno.h>
30 #include <linux/bpf.h>
31 #include <linux/filter.h>
32 #include <linux/kernel.h>
33 #include <limits.h>
34 #include <sys/resource.h>
35 #include "bpf.h"
36 #include "libbpf.h"
37 #include "libbpf_internal.h"
38 
39 /*
40  * When building perf, unistd.h is overridden. __NR_bpf is
41  * required to be defined explicitly.
42  */
43 #ifndef __NR_bpf
44 # if defined(__i386__)
45 #  define __NR_bpf 357
46 # elif defined(__x86_64__)
47 #  define __NR_bpf 321
48 # elif defined(__aarch64__)
49 #  define __NR_bpf 280
50 # elif defined(__sparc__)
51 #  define __NR_bpf 349
52 # elif defined(__s390__)
53 #  define __NR_bpf 351
54 # elif defined(__arc__)
55 #  define __NR_bpf 280
56 # elif defined(__mips__) && defined(_ABIO32)
57 #  define __NR_bpf 4355
58 # elif defined(__mips__) && defined(_ABIN32)
59 #  define __NR_bpf 6319
60 # elif defined(__mips__) && defined(_ABI64)
61 #  define __NR_bpf 5315
62 # else
63 #  error __NR_bpf not defined. libbpf does not support your arch.
64 # endif
65 #endif
66 
67 static inline __u64 ptr_to_u64(const void *ptr)
68 {
69 	return (__u64) (unsigned long) ptr;
70 }
71 
72 static inline int sys_bpf(enum bpf_cmd cmd, union bpf_attr *attr,
73 			  unsigned int size)
74 {
75 	return syscall(__NR_bpf, cmd, attr, size);
76 }
77 
78 static inline int sys_bpf_fd(enum bpf_cmd cmd, union bpf_attr *attr,
79 			     unsigned int size)
80 {
81 	int fd;
82 
83 	fd = sys_bpf(cmd, attr, size);
84 	return ensure_good_fd(fd);
85 }
86 
87 #define PROG_LOAD_ATTEMPTS 5
88 
89 static inline int sys_bpf_prog_load(union bpf_attr *attr, unsigned int size, int attempts)
90 {
91 	int fd;
92 
93 	do {
94 		fd = sys_bpf_fd(BPF_PROG_LOAD, attr, size);
95 	} while (fd < 0 && errno == EAGAIN && --attempts > 0);
96 
97 	return fd;
98 }
99 
100 /* Probe whether kernel switched from memlock-based (RLIMIT_MEMLOCK) to
101  * memcg-based memory accounting for BPF maps and progs. This was done in [0].
102  * We use the support for bpf_ktime_get_coarse_ns() helper, which was added in
103  * the same 5.11 Linux release ([1]), to detect memcg-based accounting for BPF.
104  *
105  *   [0] https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20201201215900.3569844-1-guro@fb.com/
106  *   [1] d05512618056 ("bpf: Add bpf_ktime_get_coarse_ns helper")
107  */
108 int probe_memcg_account(void)
109 {
110 	const size_t prog_load_attr_sz = offsetofend(union bpf_attr, attach_btf_obj_fd);
111 	struct bpf_insn insns[] = {
112 		BPF_EMIT_CALL(BPF_FUNC_ktime_get_coarse_ns),
113 		BPF_EXIT_INSN(),
114 	};
115 	size_t insn_cnt = ARRAY_SIZE(insns);
116 	union bpf_attr attr;
117 	int prog_fd;
118 
119 	/* attempt loading freplace trying to use custom BTF */
120 	memset(&attr, 0, prog_load_attr_sz);
121 	attr.prog_type = BPF_PROG_TYPE_SOCKET_FILTER;
122 	attr.insns = ptr_to_u64(insns);
123 	attr.insn_cnt = insn_cnt;
124 	attr.license = ptr_to_u64("GPL");
125 
126 	prog_fd = sys_bpf_fd(BPF_PROG_LOAD, &attr, prog_load_attr_sz);
127 	if (prog_fd >= 0) {
128 		close(prog_fd);
129 		return 1;
130 	}
131 	return 0;
132 }
133 
134 static bool memlock_bumped;
135 static rlim_t memlock_rlim = RLIM_INFINITY;
136 
137 int libbpf_set_memlock_rlim(size_t memlock_bytes)
138 {
139 	if (memlock_bumped)
140 		return libbpf_err(-EBUSY);
141 
142 	memlock_rlim = memlock_bytes;
143 	return 0;
144 }
145 
146 int bump_rlimit_memlock(void)
147 {
148 	struct rlimit rlim;
149 
150 	/* if kernel supports memcg-based accounting, skip bumping RLIMIT_MEMLOCK */
151 	if (memlock_bumped || kernel_supports(NULL, FEAT_MEMCG_ACCOUNT))
152 		return 0;
153 
154 	memlock_bumped = true;
155 
156 	/* zero memlock_rlim_max disables auto-bumping RLIMIT_MEMLOCK */
157 	if (memlock_rlim == 0)
158 		return 0;
159 
160 	rlim.rlim_cur = rlim.rlim_max = memlock_rlim;
161 	if (setrlimit(RLIMIT_MEMLOCK, &rlim))
162 		return -errno;
163 
164 	return 0;
165 }
166 
167 int bpf_map_create(enum bpf_map_type map_type,
168 		   const char *map_name,
169 		   __u32 key_size,
170 		   __u32 value_size,
171 		   __u32 max_entries,
172 		   const struct bpf_map_create_opts *opts)
173 {
174 	const size_t attr_sz = offsetofend(union bpf_attr, map_extra);
175 	union bpf_attr attr;
176 	int fd;
177 
178 	bump_rlimit_memlock();
179 
180 	memset(&attr, 0, attr_sz);
181 
182 	if (!OPTS_VALID(opts, bpf_map_create_opts))
183 		return libbpf_err(-EINVAL);
184 
185 	attr.map_type = map_type;
186 	if (map_name)
187 		libbpf_strlcpy(attr.map_name, map_name, sizeof(attr.map_name));
188 	attr.key_size = key_size;
189 	attr.value_size = value_size;
190 	attr.max_entries = max_entries;
191 
192 	attr.btf_fd = OPTS_GET(opts, btf_fd, 0);
193 	attr.btf_key_type_id = OPTS_GET(opts, btf_key_type_id, 0);
194 	attr.btf_value_type_id = OPTS_GET(opts, btf_value_type_id, 0);
195 	attr.btf_vmlinux_value_type_id = OPTS_GET(opts, btf_vmlinux_value_type_id, 0);
196 
197 	attr.inner_map_fd = OPTS_GET(opts, inner_map_fd, 0);
198 	attr.map_flags = OPTS_GET(opts, map_flags, 0);
199 	attr.map_extra = OPTS_GET(opts, map_extra, 0);
200 	attr.numa_node = OPTS_GET(opts, numa_node, 0);
201 	attr.map_ifindex = OPTS_GET(opts, map_ifindex, 0);
202 
203 	fd = sys_bpf_fd(BPF_MAP_CREATE, &attr, attr_sz);
204 	return libbpf_err_errno(fd);
205 }
206 
207 static void *
208 alloc_zero_tailing_info(const void *orecord, __u32 cnt,
209 			__u32 actual_rec_size, __u32 expected_rec_size)
210 {
211 	__u64 info_len = (__u64)actual_rec_size * cnt;
212 	void *info, *nrecord;
213 	int i;
214 
215 	info = malloc(info_len);
216 	if (!info)
217 		return NULL;
218 
219 	/* zero out bytes kernel does not understand */
220 	nrecord = info;
221 	for (i = 0; i < cnt; i++) {
222 		memcpy(nrecord, orecord, expected_rec_size);
223 		memset(nrecord + expected_rec_size, 0,
224 		       actual_rec_size - expected_rec_size);
225 		orecord += actual_rec_size;
226 		nrecord += actual_rec_size;
227 	}
228 
229 	return info;
230 }
231 
232 int bpf_prog_load(enum bpf_prog_type prog_type,
233 		  const char *prog_name, const char *license,
234 		  const struct bpf_insn *insns, size_t insn_cnt,
235 		  const struct bpf_prog_load_opts *opts)
236 {
237 	void *finfo = NULL, *linfo = NULL;
238 	const char *func_info, *line_info;
239 	__u32 log_size, log_level, attach_prog_fd, attach_btf_obj_fd;
240 	__u32 func_info_rec_size, line_info_rec_size;
241 	int fd, attempts;
242 	union bpf_attr attr;
243 	char *log_buf;
244 
245 	bump_rlimit_memlock();
246 
247 	if (!OPTS_VALID(opts, bpf_prog_load_opts))
248 		return libbpf_err(-EINVAL);
249 
250 	attempts = OPTS_GET(opts, attempts, 0);
251 	if (attempts < 0)
252 		return libbpf_err(-EINVAL);
253 	if (attempts == 0)
254 		attempts = PROG_LOAD_ATTEMPTS;
255 
256 	memset(&attr, 0, sizeof(attr));
257 
258 	attr.prog_type = prog_type;
259 	attr.expected_attach_type = OPTS_GET(opts, expected_attach_type, 0);
260 
261 	attr.prog_btf_fd = OPTS_GET(opts, prog_btf_fd, 0);
262 	attr.prog_flags = OPTS_GET(opts, prog_flags, 0);
263 	attr.prog_ifindex = OPTS_GET(opts, prog_ifindex, 0);
264 	attr.kern_version = OPTS_GET(opts, kern_version, 0);
265 
266 	if (prog_name)
267 		libbpf_strlcpy(attr.prog_name, prog_name, sizeof(attr.prog_name));
268 	attr.license = ptr_to_u64(license);
269 
270 	if (insn_cnt > UINT_MAX)
271 		return libbpf_err(-E2BIG);
272 
273 	attr.insns = ptr_to_u64(insns);
274 	attr.insn_cnt = (__u32)insn_cnt;
275 
276 	attach_prog_fd = OPTS_GET(opts, attach_prog_fd, 0);
277 	attach_btf_obj_fd = OPTS_GET(opts, attach_btf_obj_fd, 0);
278 
279 	if (attach_prog_fd && attach_btf_obj_fd)
280 		return libbpf_err(-EINVAL);
281 
282 	attr.attach_btf_id = OPTS_GET(opts, attach_btf_id, 0);
283 	if (attach_prog_fd)
284 		attr.attach_prog_fd = attach_prog_fd;
285 	else
286 		attr.attach_btf_obj_fd = attach_btf_obj_fd;
287 
288 	log_buf = OPTS_GET(opts, log_buf, NULL);
289 	log_size = OPTS_GET(opts, log_size, 0);
290 	log_level = OPTS_GET(opts, log_level, 0);
291 
292 	if (!!log_buf != !!log_size)
293 		return libbpf_err(-EINVAL);
294 	if (log_level > (4 | 2 | 1))
295 		return libbpf_err(-EINVAL);
296 	if (log_level && !log_buf)
297 		return libbpf_err(-EINVAL);
298 
299 	func_info_rec_size = OPTS_GET(opts, func_info_rec_size, 0);
300 	func_info = OPTS_GET(opts, func_info, NULL);
301 	attr.func_info_rec_size = func_info_rec_size;
302 	attr.func_info = ptr_to_u64(func_info);
303 	attr.func_info_cnt = OPTS_GET(opts, func_info_cnt, 0);
304 
305 	line_info_rec_size = OPTS_GET(opts, line_info_rec_size, 0);
306 	line_info = OPTS_GET(opts, line_info, NULL);
307 	attr.line_info_rec_size = line_info_rec_size;
308 	attr.line_info = ptr_to_u64(line_info);
309 	attr.line_info_cnt = OPTS_GET(opts, line_info_cnt, 0);
310 
311 	attr.fd_array = ptr_to_u64(OPTS_GET(opts, fd_array, NULL));
312 
313 	if (log_level) {
314 		attr.log_buf = ptr_to_u64(log_buf);
315 		attr.log_size = log_size;
316 		attr.log_level = log_level;
317 	}
318 
319 	fd = sys_bpf_prog_load(&attr, sizeof(attr), attempts);
320 	if (fd >= 0)
321 		return fd;
322 
323 	/* After bpf_prog_load, the kernel may modify certain attributes
324 	 * to give user space a hint how to deal with loading failure.
325 	 * Check to see whether we can make some changes and load again.
326 	 */
327 	while (errno == E2BIG && (!finfo || !linfo)) {
328 		if (!finfo && attr.func_info_cnt &&
329 		    attr.func_info_rec_size < func_info_rec_size) {
330 			/* try with corrected func info records */
331 			finfo = alloc_zero_tailing_info(func_info,
332 							attr.func_info_cnt,
333 							func_info_rec_size,
334 							attr.func_info_rec_size);
335 			if (!finfo) {
336 				errno = E2BIG;
337 				goto done;
338 			}
339 
340 			attr.func_info = ptr_to_u64(finfo);
341 			attr.func_info_rec_size = func_info_rec_size;
342 		} else if (!linfo && attr.line_info_cnt &&
343 			   attr.line_info_rec_size < line_info_rec_size) {
344 			linfo = alloc_zero_tailing_info(line_info,
345 							attr.line_info_cnt,
346 							line_info_rec_size,
347 							attr.line_info_rec_size);
348 			if (!linfo) {
349 				errno = E2BIG;
350 				goto done;
351 			}
352 
353 			attr.line_info = ptr_to_u64(linfo);
354 			attr.line_info_rec_size = line_info_rec_size;
355 		} else {
356 			break;
357 		}
358 
359 		fd = sys_bpf_prog_load(&attr, sizeof(attr), attempts);
360 		if (fd >= 0)
361 			goto done;
362 	}
363 
364 	if (log_level == 0 && log_buf) {
365 		/* log_level == 0 with non-NULL log_buf requires retrying on error
366 		 * with log_level == 1 and log_buf/log_buf_size set, to get details of
367 		 * failure
368 		 */
369 		attr.log_buf = ptr_to_u64(log_buf);
370 		attr.log_size = log_size;
371 		attr.log_level = 1;
372 
373 		fd = sys_bpf_prog_load(&attr, sizeof(attr), attempts);
374 	}
375 done:
376 	/* free() doesn't affect errno, so we don't need to restore it */
377 	free(finfo);
378 	free(linfo);
379 	return libbpf_err_errno(fd);
380 }
381 
382 int bpf_map_update_elem(int fd, const void *key, const void *value,
383 			__u64 flags)
384 {
385 	union bpf_attr attr;
386 	int ret;
387 
388 	memset(&attr, 0, sizeof(attr));
389 	attr.map_fd = fd;
390 	attr.key = ptr_to_u64(key);
391 	attr.value = ptr_to_u64(value);
392 	attr.flags = flags;
393 
394 	ret = sys_bpf(BPF_MAP_UPDATE_ELEM, &attr, sizeof(attr));
395 	return libbpf_err_errno(ret);
396 }
397 
398 int bpf_map_lookup_elem(int fd, const void *key, void *value)
399 {
400 	union bpf_attr attr;
401 	int ret;
402 
403 	memset(&attr, 0, sizeof(attr));
404 	attr.map_fd = fd;
405 	attr.key = ptr_to_u64(key);
406 	attr.value = ptr_to_u64(value);
407 
408 	ret = sys_bpf(BPF_MAP_LOOKUP_ELEM, &attr, sizeof(attr));
409 	return libbpf_err_errno(ret);
410 }
411 
412 int bpf_map_lookup_elem_flags(int fd, const void *key, void *value, __u64 flags)
413 {
414 	union bpf_attr attr;
415 	int ret;
416 
417 	memset(&attr, 0, sizeof(attr));
418 	attr.map_fd = fd;
419 	attr.key = ptr_to_u64(key);
420 	attr.value = ptr_to_u64(value);
421 	attr.flags = flags;
422 
423 	ret = sys_bpf(BPF_MAP_LOOKUP_ELEM, &attr, sizeof(attr));
424 	return libbpf_err_errno(ret);
425 }
426 
427 int bpf_map_lookup_and_delete_elem(int fd, const void *key, void *value)
428 {
429 	union bpf_attr attr;
430 	int ret;
431 
432 	memset(&attr, 0, sizeof(attr));
433 	attr.map_fd = fd;
434 	attr.key = ptr_to_u64(key);
435 	attr.value = ptr_to_u64(value);
436 
437 	ret = sys_bpf(BPF_MAP_LOOKUP_AND_DELETE_ELEM, &attr, sizeof(attr));
438 	return libbpf_err_errno(ret);
439 }
440 
441 int bpf_map_lookup_and_delete_elem_flags(int fd, const void *key, void *value, __u64 flags)
442 {
443 	union bpf_attr attr;
444 	int ret;
445 
446 	memset(&attr, 0, sizeof(attr));
447 	attr.map_fd = fd;
448 	attr.key = ptr_to_u64(key);
449 	attr.value = ptr_to_u64(value);
450 	attr.flags = flags;
451 
452 	ret = sys_bpf(BPF_MAP_LOOKUP_AND_DELETE_ELEM, &attr, sizeof(attr));
453 	return libbpf_err_errno(ret);
454 }
455 
456 int bpf_map_delete_elem(int fd, const void *key)
457 {
458 	union bpf_attr attr;
459 	int ret;
460 
461 	memset(&attr, 0, sizeof(attr));
462 	attr.map_fd = fd;
463 	attr.key = ptr_to_u64(key);
464 
465 	ret = sys_bpf(BPF_MAP_DELETE_ELEM, &attr, sizeof(attr));
466 	return libbpf_err_errno(ret);
467 }
468 
469 int bpf_map_delete_elem_flags(int fd, const void *key, __u64 flags)
470 {
471 	union bpf_attr attr;
472 	int ret;
473 
474 	memset(&attr, 0, sizeof(attr));
475 	attr.map_fd = fd;
476 	attr.key = ptr_to_u64(key);
477 	attr.flags = flags;
478 
479 	ret = sys_bpf(BPF_MAP_DELETE_ELEM, &attr, sizeof(attr));
480 	return libbpf_err_errno(ret);
481 }
482 
483 int bpf_map_get_next_key(int fd, const void *key, void *next_key)
484 {
485 	union bpf_attr attr;
486 	int ret;
487 
488 	memset(&attr, 0, sizeof(attr));
489 	attr.map_fd = fd;
490 	attr.key = ptr_to_u64(key);
491 	attr.next_key = ptr_to_u64(next_key);
492 
493 	ret = sys_bpf(BPF_MAP_GET_NEXT_KEY, &attr, sizeof(attr));
494 	return libbpf_err_errno(ret);
495 }
496 
497 int bpf_map_freeze(int fd)
498 {
499 	union bpf_attr attr;
500 	int ret;
501 
502 	memset(&attr, 0, sizeof(attr));
503 	attr.map_fd = fd;
504 
505 	ret = sys_bpf(BPF_MAP_FREEZE, &attr, sizeof(attr));
506 	return libbpf_err_errno(ret);
507 }
508 
509 static int bpf_map_batch_common(int cmd, int fd, void  *in_batch,
510 				void *out_batch, void *keys, void *values,
511 				__u32 *count,
512 				const struct bpf_map_batch_opts *opts)
513 {
514 	union bpf_attr attr;
515 	int ret;
516 
517 	if (!OPTS_VALID(opts, bpf_map_batch_opts))
518 		return libbpf_err(-EINVAL);
519 
520 	memset(&attr, 0, sizeof(attr));
521 	attr.batch.map_fd = fd;
522 	attr.batch.in_batch = ptr_to_u64(in_batch);
523 	attr.batch.out_batch = ptr_to_u64(out_batch);
524 	attr.batch.keys = ptr_to_u64(keys);
525 	attr.batch.values = ptr_to_u64(values);
526 	attr.batch.count = *count;
527 	attr.batch.elem_flags  = OPTS_GET(opts, elem_flags, 0);
528 	attr.batch.flags = OPTS_GET(opts, flags, 0);
529 
530 	ret = sys_bpf(cmd, &attr, sizeof(attr));
531 	*count = attr.batch.count;
532 
533 	return libbpf_err_errno(ret);
534 }
535 
536 int bpf_map_delete_batch(int fd, const void *keys, __u32 *count,
537 			 const struct bpf_map_batch_opts *opts)
538 {
539 	return bpf_map_batch_common(BPF_MAP_DELETE_BATCH, fd, NULL,
540 				    NULL, (void *)keys, NULL, count, opts);
541 }
542 
543 int bpf_map_lookup_batch(int fd, void *in_batch, void *out_batch, void *keys,
544 			 void *values, __u32 *count,
545 			 const struct bpf_map_batch_opts *opts)
546 {
547 	return bpf_map_batch_common(BPF_MAP_LOOKUP_BATCH, fd, in_batch,
548 				    out_batch, keys, values, count, opts);
549 }
550 
551 int bpf_map_lookup_and_delete_batch(int fd, void *in_batch, void *out_batch,
552 				    void *keys, void *values, __u32 *count,
553 				    const struct bpf_map_batch_opts *opts)
554 {
555 	return bpf_map_batch_common(BPF_MAP_LOOKUP_AND_DELETE_BATCH,
556 				    fd, in_batch, out_batch, keys, values,
557 				    count, opts);
558 }
559 
560 int bpf_map_update_batch(int fd, const void *keys, const void *values, __u32 *count,
561 			 const struct bpf_map_batch_opts *opts)
562 {
563 	return bpf_map_batch_common(BPF_MAP_UPDATE_BATCH, fd, NULL, NULL,
564 				    (void *)keys, (void *)values, count, opts);
565 }
566 
567 int bpf_obj_pin(int fd, const char *pathname)
568 {
569 	union bpf_attr attr;
570 	int ret;
571 
572 	memset(&attr, 0, sizeof(attr));
573 	attr.pathname = ptr_to_u64((void *)pathname);
574 	attr.bpf_fd = fd;
575 
576 	ret = sys_bpf(BPF_OBJ_PIN, &attr, sizeof(attr));
577 	return libbpf_err_errno(ret);
578 }
579 
580 int bpf_obj_get(const char *pathname)
581 {
582 	return bpf_obj_get_opts(pathname, NULL);
583 }
584 
585 int bpf_obj_get_opts(const char *pathname, const struct bpf_obj_get_opts *opts)
586 {
587 	union bpf_attr attr;
588 	int fd;
589 
590 	if (!OPTS_VALID(opts, bpf_obj_get_opts))
591 		return libbpf_err(-EINVAL);
592 
593 	memset(&attr, 0, sizeof(attr));
594 	attr.pathname = ptr_to_u64((void *)pathname);
595 	attr.file_flags = OPTS_GET(opts, file_flags, 0);
596 
597 	fd = sys_bpf_fd(BPF_OBJ_GET, &attr, sizeof(attr));
598 	return libbpf_err_errno(fd);
599 }
600 
601 int bpf_prog_attach(int prog_fd, int target_fd, enum bpf_attach_type type,
602 		    unsigned int flags)
603 {
604 	DECLARE_LIBBPF_OPTS(bpf_prog_attach_opts, opts,
605 		.flags = flags,
606 	);
607 
608 	return bpf_prog_attach_opts(prog_fd, target_fd, type, &opts);
609 }
610 
611 int bpf_prog_attach_opts(int prog_fd, int target_fd,
612 			  enum bpf_attach_type type,
613 			  const struct bpf_prog_attach_opts *opts)
614 {
615 	union bpf_attr attr;
616 	int ret;
617 
618 	if (!OPTS_VALID(opts, bpf_prog_attach_opts))
619 		return libbpf_err(-EINVAL);
620 
621 	memset(&attr, 0, sizeof(attr));
622 	attr.target_fd	   = target_fd;
623 	attr.attach_bpf_fd = prog_fd;
624 	attr.attach_type   = type;
625 	attr.attach_flags  = OPTS_GET(opts, flags, 0);
626 	attr.replace_bpf_fd = OPTS_GET(opts, replace_prog_fd, 0);
627 
628 	ret = sys_bpf(BPF_PROG_ATTACH, &attr, sizeof(attr));
629 	return libbpf_err_errno(ret);
630 }
631 
632 __attribute__((alias("bpf_prog_attach_opts")))
633 int bpf_prog_attach_xattr(int prog_fd, int target_fd,
634 			  enum bpf_attach_type type,
635 			  const struct bpf_prog_attach_opts *opts);
636 
637 int bpf_prog_detach(int target_fd, enum bpf_attach_type type)
638 {
639 	union bpf_attr attr;
640 	int ret;
641 
642 	memset(&attr, 0, sizeof(attr));
643 	attr.target_fd	 = target_fd;
644 	attr.attach_type = type;
645 
646 	ret = sys_bpf(BPF_PROG_DETACH, &attr, sizeof(attr));
647 	return libbpf_err_errno(ret);
648 }
649 
650 int bpf_prog_detach2(int prog_fd, int target_fd, enum bpf_attach_type type)
651 {
652 	union bpf_attr attr;
653 	int ret;
654 
655 	memset(&attr, 0, sizeof(attr));
656 	attr.target_fd	 = target_fd;
657 	attr.attach_bpf_fd = prog_fd;
658 	attr.attach_type = type;
659 
660 	ret = sys_bpf(BPF_PROG_DETACH, &attr, sizeof(attr));
661 	return libbpf_err_errno(ret);
662 }
663 
664 int bpf_link_create(int prog_fd, int target_fd,
665 		    enum bpf_attach_type attach_type,
666 		    const struct bpf_link_create_opts *opts)
667 {
668 	__u32 target_btf_id, iter_info_len;
669 	union bpf_attr attr;
670 	int fd, err;
671 
672 	if (!OPTS_VALID(opts, bpf_link_create_opts))
673 		return libbpf_err(-EINVAL);
674 
675 	iter_info_len = OPTS_GET(opts, iter_info_len, 0);
676 	target_btf_id = OPTS_GET(opts, target_btf_id, 0);
677 
678 	/* validate we don't have unexpected combinations of non-zero fields */
679 	if (iter_info_len || target_btf_id) {
680 		if (iter_info_len && target_btf_id)
681 			return libbpf_err(-EINVAL);
682 		if (!OPTS_ZEROED(opts, target_btf_id))
683 			return libbpf_err(-EINVAL);
684 	}
685 
686 	memset(&attr, 0, sizeof(attr));
687 	attr.link_create.prog_fd = prog_fd;
688 	attr.link_create.target_fd = target_fd;
689 	attr.link_create.attach_type = attach_type;
690 	attr.link_create.flags = OPTS_GET(opts, flags, 0);
691 
692 	if (target_btf_id) {
693 		attr.link_create.target_btf_id = target_btf_id;
694 		goto proceed;
695 	}
696 
697 	switch (attach_type) {
698 	case BPF_TRACE_ITER:
699 		attr.link_create.iter_info = ptr_to_u64(OPTS_GET(opts, iter_info, (void *)0));
700 		attr.link_create.iter_info_len = iter_info_len;
701 		break;
702 	case BPF_PERF_EVENT:
703 		attr.link_create.perf_event.bpf_cookie = OPTS_GET(opts, perf_event.bpf_cookie, 0);
704 		if (!OPTS_ZEROED(opts, perf_event))
705 			return libbpf_err(-EINVAL);
706 		break;
707 	case BPF_TRACE_KPROBE_MULTI:
708 		attr.link_create.kprobe_multi.flags = OPTS_GET(opts, kprobe_multi.flags, 0);
709 		attr.link_create.kprobe_multi.cnt = OPTS_GET(opts, kprobe_multi.cnt, 0);
710 		attr.link_create.kprobe_multi.syms = ptr_to_u64(OPTS_GET(opts, kprobe_multi.syms, 0));
711 		attr.link_create.kprobe_multi.addrs = ptr_to_u64(OPTS_GET(opts, kprobe_multi.addrs, 0));
712 		attr.link_create.kprobe_multi.cookies = ptr_to_u64(OPTS_GET(opts, kprobe_multi.cookies, 0));
713 		if (!OPTS_ZEROED(opts, kprobe_multi))
714 			return libbpf_err(-EINVAL);
715 		break;
716 	case BPF_TRACE_FENTRY:
717 	case BPF_TRACE_FEXIT:
718 	case BPF_MODIFY_RETURN:
719 	case BPF_LSM_MAC:
720 		attr.link_create.tracing.cookie = OPTS_GET(opts, tracing.cookie, 0);
721 		if (!OPTS_ZEROED(opts, tracing))
722 			return libbpf_err(-EINVAL);
723 		break;
724 	default:
725 		if (!OPTS_ZEROED(opts, flags))
726 			return libbpf_err(-EINVAL);
727 		break;
728 	}
729 proceed:
730 	fd = sys_bpf_fd(BPF_LINK_CREATE, &attr, sizeof(attr));
731 	if (fd >= 0)
732 		return fd;
733 	/* we'll get EINVAL if LINK_CREATE doesn't support attaching fentry
734 	 * and other similar programs
735 	 */
736 	err = -errno;
737 	if (err != -EINVAL)
738 		return libbpf_err(err);
739 
740 	/* if user used features not supported by
741 	 * BPF_RAW_TRACEPOINT_OPEN command, then just give up immediately
742 	 */
743 	if (attr.link_create.target_fd || attr.link_create.target_btf_id)
744 		return libbpf_err(err);
745 	if (!OPTS_ZEROED(opts, sz))
746 		return libbpf_err(err);
747 
748 	/* otherwise, for few select kinds of programs that can be
749 	 * attached using BPF_RAW_TRACEPOINT_OPEN command, try that as
750 	 * a fallback for older kernels
751 	 */
752 	switch (attach_type) {
753 	case BPF_TRACE_RAW_TP:
754 	case BPF_LSM_MAC:
755 	case BPF_TRACE_FENTRY:
756 	case BPF_TRACE_FEXIT:
757 	case BPF_MODIFY_RETURN:
758 		return bpf_raw_tracepoint_open(NULL, prog_fd);
759 	default:
760 		return libbpf_err(err);
761 	}
762 }
763 
764 int bpf_link_detach(int link_fd)
765 {
766 	union bpf_attr attr;
767 	int ret;
768 
769 	memset(&attr, 0, sizeof(attr));
770 	attr.link_detach.link_fd = link_fd;
771 
772 	ret = sys_bpf(BPF_LINK_DETACH, &attr, sizeof(attr));
773 	return libbpf_err_errno(ret);
774 }
775 
776 int bpf_link_update(int link_fd, int new_prog_fd,
777 		    const struct bpf_link_update_opts *opts)
778 {
779 	union bpf_attr attr;
780 	int ret;
781 
782 	if (!OPTS_VALID(opts, bpf_link_update_opts))
783 		return libbpf_err(-EINVAL);
784 
785 	memset(&attr, 0, sizeof(attr));
786 	attr.link_update.link_fd = link_fd;
787 	attr.link_update.new_prog_fd = new_prog_fd;
788 	attr.link_update.flags = OPTS_GET(opts, flags, 0);
789 	attr.link_update.old_prog_fd = OPTS_GET(opts, old_prog_fd, 0);
790 
791 	ret = sys_bpf(BPF_LINK_UPDATE, &attr, sizeof(attr));
792 	return libbpf_err_errno(ret);
793 }
794 
795 int bpf_iter_create(int link_fd)
796 {
797 	union bpf_attr attr;
798 	int fd;
799 
800 	memset(&attr, 0, sizeof(attr));
801 	attr.iter_create.link_fd = link_fd;
802 
803 	fd = sys_bpf_fd(BPF_ITER_CREATE, &attr, sizeof(attr));
804 	return libbpf_err_errno(fd);
805 }
806 
807 int bpf_prog_query_opts(int target_fd,
808 			enum bpf_attach_type type,
809 			struct bpf_prog_query_opts *opts)
810 {
811 	union bpf_attr attr;
812 	int ret;
813 
814 	if (!OPTS_VALID(opts, bpf_prog_query_opts))
815 		return libbpf_err(-EINVAL);
816 
817 	memset(&attr, 0, sizeof(attr));
818 
819 	attr.query.target_fd	= target_fd;
820 	attr.query.attach_type	= type;
821 	attr.query.query_flags	= OPTS_GET(opts, query_flags, 0);
822 	attr.query.prog_cnt	= OPTS_GET(opts, prog_cnt, 0);
823 	attr.query.prog_ids	= ptr_to_u64(OPTS_GET(opts, prog_ids, NULL));
824 	attr.query.prog_attach_flags = ptr_to_u64(OPTS_GET(opts, prog_attach_flags, NULL));
825 
826 	ret = sys_bpf(BPF_PROG_QUERY, &attr, sizeof(attr));
827 
828 	OPTS_SET(opts, attach_flags, attr.query.attach_flags);
829 	OPTS_SET(opts, prog_cnt, attr.query.prog_cnt);
830 
831 	return libbpf_err_errno(ret);
832 }
833 
834 int bpf_prog_query(int target_fd, enum bpf_attach_type type, __u32 query_flags,
835 		   __u32 *attach_flags, __u32 *prog_ids, __u32 *prog_cnt)
836 {
837 	LIBBPF_OPTS(bpf_prog_query_opts, opts);
838 	int ret;
839 
840 	opts.query_flags = query_flags;
841 	opts.prog_ids = prog_ids;
842 	opts.prog_cnt = *prog_cnt;
843 
844 	ret = bpf_prog_query_opts(target_fd, type, &opts);
845 
846 	if (attach_flags)
847 		*attach_flags = opts.attach_flags;
848 	*prog_cnt = opts.prog_cnt;
849 
850 	return libbpf_err_errno(ret);
851 }
852 
853 int bpf_prog_test_run_opts(int prog_fd, struct bpf_test_run_opts *opts)
854 {
855 	union bpf_attr attr;
856 	int ret;
857 
858 	if (!OPTS_VALID(opts, bpf_test_run_opts))
859 		return libbpf_err(-EINVAL);
860 
861 	memset(&attr, 0, sizeof(attr));
862 	attr.test.prog_fd = prog_fd;
863 	attr.test.batch_size = OPTS_GET(opts, batch_size, 0);
864 	attr.test.cpu = OPTS_GET(opts, cpu, 0);
865 	attr.test.flags = OPTS_GET(opts, flags, 0);
866 	attr.test.repeat = OPTS_GET(opts, repeat, 0);
867 	attr.test.duration = OPTS_GET(opts, duration, 0);
868 	attr.test.ctx_size_in = OPTS_GET(opts, ctx_size_in, 0);
869 	attr.test.ctx_size_out = OPTS_GET(opts, ctx_size_out, 0);
870 	attr.test.data_size_in = OPTS_GET(opts, data_size_in, 0);
871 	attr.test.data_size_out = OPTS_GET(opts, data_size_out, 0);
872 	attr.test.ctx_in = ptr_to_u64(OPTS_GET(opts, ctx_in, NULL));
873 	attr.test.ctx_out = ptr_to_u64(OPTS_GET(opts, ctx_out, NULL));
874 	attr.test.data_in = ptr_to_u64(OPTS_GET(opts, data_in, NULL));
875 	attr.test.data_out = ptr_to_u64(OPTS_GET(opts, data_out, NULL));
876 
877 	ret = sys_bpf(BPF_PROG_TEST_RUN, &attr, sizeof(attr));
878 
879 	OPTS_SET(opts, data_size_out, attr.test.data_size_out);
880 	OPTS_SET(opts, ctx_size_out, attr.test.ctx_size_out);
881 	OPTS_SET(opts, duration, attr.test.duration);
882 	OPTS_SET(opts, retval, attr.test.retval);
883 
884 	return libbpf_err_errno(ret);
885 }
886 
887 static int bpf_obj_get_next_id(__u32 start_id, __u32 *next_id, int cmd)
888 {
889 	union bpf_attr attr;
890 	int err;
891 
892 	memset(&attr, 0, sizeof(attr));
893 	attr.start_id = start_id;
894 
895 	err = sys_bpf(cmd, &attr, sizeof(attr));
896 	if (!err)
897 		*next_id = attr.next_id;
898 
899 	return libbpf_err_errno(err);
900 }
901 
902 int bpf_prog_get_next_id(__u32 start_id, __u32 *next_id)
903 {
904 	return bpf_obj_get_next_id(start_id, next_id, BPF_PROG_GET_NEXT_ID);
905 }
906 
907 int bpf_map_get_next_id(__u32 start_id, __u32 *next_id)
908 {
909 	return bpf_obj_get_next_id(start_id, next_id, BPF_MAP_GET_NEXT_ID);
910 }
911 
912 int bpf_btf_get_next_id(__u32 start_id, __u32 *next_id)
913 {
914 	return bpf_obj_get_next_id(start_id, next_id, BPF_BTF_GET_NEXT_ID);
915 }
916 
917 int bpf_link_get_next_id(__u32 start_id, __u32 *next_id)
918 {
919 	return bpf_obj_get_next_id(start_id, next_id, BPF_LINK_GET_NEXT_ID);
920 }
921 
922 int bpf_prog_get_fd_by_id(__u32 id)
923 {
924 	union bpf_attr attr;
925 	int fd;
926 
927 	memset(&attr, 0, sizeof(attr));
928 	attr.prog_id = id;
929 
930 	fd = sys_bpf_fd(BPF_PROG_GET_FD_BY_ID, &attr, sizeof(attr));
931 	return libbpf_err_errno(fd);
932 }
933 
934 int bpf_map_get_fd_by_id(__u32 id)
935 {
936 	union bpf_attr attr;
937 	int fd;
938 
939 	memset(&attr, 0, sizeof(attr));
940 	attr.map_id = id;
941 
942 	fd = sys_bpf_fd(BPF_MAP_GET_FD_BY_ID, &attr, sizeof(attr));
943 	return libbpf_err_errno(fd);
944 }
945 
946 int bpf_btf_get_fd_by_id(__u32 id)
947 {
948 	union bpf_attr attr;
949 	int fd;
950 
951 	memset(&attr, 0, sizeof(attr));
952 	attr.btf_id = id;
953 
954 	fd = sys_bpf_fd(BPF_BTF_GET_FD_BY_ID, &attr, sizeof(attr));
955 	return libbpf_err_errno(fd);
956 }
957 
958 int bpf_link_get_fd_by_id(__u32 id)
959 {
960 	union bpf_attr attr;
961 	int fd;
962 
963 	memset(&attr, 0, sizeof(attr));
964 	attr.link_id = id;
965 
966 	fd = sys_bpf_fd(BPF_LINK_GET_FD_BY_ID, &attr, sizeof(attr));
967 	return libbpf_err_errno(fd);
968 }
969 
970 int bpf_obj_get_info_by_fd(int bpf_fd, void *info, __u32 *info_len)
971 {
972 	union bpf_attr attr;
973 	int err;
974 
975 	memset(&attr, 0, sizeof(attr));
976 	attr.info.bpf_fd = bpf_fd;
977 	attr.info.info_len = *info_len;
978 	attr.info.info = ptr_to_u64(info);
979 
980 	err = sys_bpf(BPF_OBJ_GET_INFO_BY_FD, &attr, sizeof(attr));
981 
982 	if (!err)
983 		*info_len = attr.info.info_len;
984 
985 	return libbpf_err_errno(err);
986 }
987 
988 int bpf_raw_tracepoint_open(const char *name, int prog_fd)
989 {
990 	union bpf_attr attr;
991 	int fd;
992 
993 	memset(&attr, 0, sizeof(attr));
994 	attr.raw_tracepoint.name = ptr_to_u64(name);
995 	attr.raw_tracepoint.prog_fd = prog_fd;
996 
997 	fd = sys_bpf_fd(BPF_RAW_TRACEPOINT_OPEN, &attr, sizeof(attr));
998 	return libbpf_err_errno(fd);
999 }
1000 
1001 int bpf_btf_load(const void *btf_data, size_t btf_size, const struct bpf_btf_load_opts *opts)
1002 {
1003 	const size_t attr_sz = offsetofend(union bpf_attr, btf_log_level);
1004 	union bpf_attr attr;
1005 	char *log_buf;
1006 	size_t log_size;
1007 	__u32 log_level;
1008 	int fd;
1009 
1010 	bump_rlimit_memlock();
1011 
1012 	memset(&attr, 0, attr_sz);
1013 
1014 	if (!OPTS_VALID(opts, bpf_btf_load_opts))
1015 		return libbpf_err(-EINVAL);
1016 
1017 	log_buf = OPTS_GET(opts, log_buf, NULL);
1018 	log_size = OPTS_GET(opts, log_size, 0);
1019 	log_level = OPTS_GET(opts, log_level, 0);
1020 
1021 	if (log_size > UINT_MAX)
1022 		return libbpf_err(-EINVAL);
1023 	if (log_size && !log_buf)
1024 		return libbpf_err(-EINVAL);
1025 
1026 	attr.btf = ptr_to_u64(btf_data);
1027 	attr.btf_size = btf_size;
1028 	/* log_level == 0 and log_buf != NULL means "try loading without
1029 	 * log_buf, but retry with log_buf and log_level=1 on error", which is
1030 	 * consistent across low-level and high-level BTF and program loading
1031 	 * APIs within libbpf and provides a sensible behavior in practice
1032 	 */
1033 	if (log_level) {
1034 		attr.btf_log_buf = ptr_to_u64(log_buf);
1035 		attr.btf_log_size = (__u32)log_size;
1036 		attr.btf_log_level = log_level;
1037 	}
1038 
1039 	fd = sys_bpf_fd(BPF_BTF_LOAD, &attr, attr_sz);
1040 	if (fd < 0 && log_buf && log_level == 0) {
1041 		attr.btf_log_buf = ptr_to_u64(log_buf);
1042 		attr.btf_log_size = (__u32)log_size;
1043 		attr.btf_log_level = 1;
1044 		fd = sys_bpf_fd(BPF_BTF_LOAD, &attr, attr_sz);
1045 	}
1046 	return libbpf_err_errno(fd);
1047 }
1048 
1049 int bpf_task_fd_query(int pid, int fd, __u32 flags, char *buf, __u32 *buf_len,
1050 		      __u32 *prog_id, __u32 *fd_type, __u64 *probe_offset,
1051 		      __u64 *probe_addr)
1052 {
1053 	union bpf_attr attr = {};
1054 	int err;
1055 
1056 	attr.task_fd_query.pid = pid;
1057 	attr.task_fd_query.fd = fd;
1058 	attr.task_fd_query.flags = flags;
1059 	attr.task_fd_query.buf = ptr_to_u64(buf);
1060 	attr.task_fd_query.buf_len = *buf_len;
1061 
1062 	err = sys_bpf(BPF_TASK_FD_QUERY, &attr, sizeof(attr));
1063 
1064 	*buf_len = attr.task_fd_query.buf_len;
1065 	*prog_id = attr.task_fd_query.prog_id;
1066 	*fd_type = attr.task_fd_query.fd_type;
1067 	*probe_offset = attr.task_fd_query.probe_offset;
1068 	*probe_addr = attr.task_fd_query.probe_addr;
1069 
1070 	return libbpf_err_errno(err);
1071 }
1072 
1073 int bpf_enable_stats(enum bpf_stats_type type)
1074 {
1075 	union bpf_attr attr;
1076 	int fd;
1077 
1078 	memset(&attr, 0, sizeof(attr));
1079 	attr.enable_stats.type = type;
1080 
1081 	fd = sys_bpf_fd(BPF_ENABLE_STATS, &attr, sizeof(attr));
1082 	return libbpf_err_errno(fd);
1083 }
1084 
1085 int bpf_prog_bind_map(int prog_fd, int map_fd,
1086 		      const struct bpf_prog_bind_opts *opts)
1087 {
1088 	union bpf_attr attr;
1089 	int ret;
1090 
1091 	if (!OPTS_VALID(opts, bpf_prog_bind_opts))
1092 		return libbpf_err(-EINVAL);
1093 
1094 	memset(&attr, 0, sizeof(attr));
1095 	attr.prog_bind_map.prog_fd = prog_fd;
1096 	attr.prog_bind_map.map_fd = map_fd;
1097 	attr.prog_bind_map.flags = OPTS_GET(opts, flags, 0);
1098 
1099 	ret = sys_bpf(BPF_PROG_BIND_MAP, &attr, sizeof(attr));
1100 	return libbpf_err_errno(ret);
1101 }
1102