xref: /linux/tools/firmware/ihex2fw.c (revision 2ef8179bb7a6817de3fc9407ab55aa357f2d1e4d)
1 /*
2  * Parser/loader for IHEX formatted data.
3  *
4  * Copyright © 2008 David Woodhouse <dwmw2@infradead.org>
5  * Copyright © 2005 Jan Harkes <jaharkes@cs.cmu.edu>
6  *
7  * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
8  * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 as
9  * published by the Free Software Foundation.
10  */
11 
12 #include <stdint.h>
13 #include <arpa/inet.h>
14 #include <stdio.h>
15 #include <errno.h>
16 #include <sys/types.h>
17 #include <sys/stat.h>
18 #include <sys/mman.h>
19 #include <fcntl.h>
20 #include <string.h>
21 #include <unistd.h>
22 #include <stdlib.h>
23 #define _GNU_SOURCE
24 #include <getopt.h>
25 
26 
27 #define __ALIGN_KERNEL_MASK(x, mask)	(((x) + (mask)) & ~(mask))
28 #define __ALIGN_KERNEL(x, a)		__ALIGN_KERNEL_MASK(x, (typeof(x))(a) - 1)
29 #define ALIGN(x, a)			__ALIGN_KERNEL((x), (a))
30 
31 struct ihex_binrec {
32 	struct ihex_binrec *next; /* not part of the real data structure */
33         uint32_t addr;
34         uint16_t len;
35         uint8_t data[];
36 };
37 
38 /**
39  * nybble/hex are little helpers to parse hexadecimal numbers to a byte value
40  **/
41 static uint8_t nybble(const uint8_t n)
42 {
43 	if      (n >= '0' && n <= '9') return n - '0';
44 	else if (n >= 'A' && n <= 'F') return n - ('A' - 10);
45 	else if (n >= 'a' && n <= 'f') return n - ('a' - 10);
46 	return 0;
47 }
48 
49 static uint8_t hex(const uint8_t *data, uint8_t *crc)
50 {
51 	uint8_t val = (nybble(data[0]) << 4) | nybble(data[1]);
52 	*crc += val;
53 	return val;
54 }
55 
56 static int process_ihex(uint8_t *data, ssize_t size);
57 static void file_record(struct ihex_binrec *record);
58 static int output_records(int outfd);
59 
60 static int sort_records = 0;
61 static int wide_records = 0;
62 static int include_jump = 0;
63 
64 static int usage(void)
65 {
66 	fprintf(stderr, "ihex2fw: Convert ihex files into binary "
67 		"representation for use by Linux kernel\n");
68 	fprintf(stderr, "usage: ihex2fw [<options>] <src.HEX> <dst.fw>\n");
69 	fprintf(stderr, "       -w: wide records (16-bit length)\n");
70 	fprintf(stderr, "       -s: sort records by address\n");
71 	fprintf(stderr, "       -j: include records for CS:IP/EIP address\n");
72 	return 1;
73 }
74 
75 int main(int argc, char **argv)
76 {
77 	int infd, outfd;
78 	struct stat st;
79 	uint8_t *data;
80 	int opt;
81 
82 	while ((opt = getopt(argc, argv, "wsj")) != -1) {
83 		switch (opt) {
84 		case 'w':
85 			wide_records = 1;
86 			break;
87 		case 's':
88 			sort_records = 1;
89 			break;
90 		case 'j':
91 			include_jump = 1;
92 			break;
93 		default:
94 			return usage();
95 		}
96 	}
97 
98 	if (optind + 2 != argc)
99 		return usage();
100 
101 	if (!strcmp(argv[optind], "-"))
102 		infd = 0;
103 	else
104 		infd = open(argv[optind], O_RDONLY);
105 	if (infd == -1) {
106 		fprintf(stderr, "Failed to open source file: %s",
107 			strerror(errno));
108 		return usage();
109 	}
110 	if (fstat(infd, &st)) {
111 		perror("stat");
112 		return 1;
113 	}
114 	data = mmap(NULL, st.st_size, PROT_READ, MAP_SHARED, infd, 0);
115 	if (data == MAP_FAILED) {
116 		perror("mmap");
117 		return 1;
118 	}
119 
120 	if (!strcmp(argv[optind+1], "-"))
121 		outfd = 1;
122 	else
123 		outfd = open(argv[optind+1], O_TRUNC|O_CREAT|O_WRONLY, 0644);
124 	if (outfd == -1) {
125 		fprintf(stderr, "Failed to open destination file: %s",
126 			strerror(errno));
127 		return usage();
128 	}
129 	if (process_ihex(data, st.st_size))
130 		return 1;
131 
132 	return output_records(outfd);
133 }
134 
135 static int process_ihex(uint8_t *data, ssize_t size)
136 {
137 	struct ihex_binrec *record;
138 	uint32_t offset = 0;
139 	uint32_t data32;
140 	uint8_t type, crc = 0, crcbyte = 0;
141 	int i, j;
142 	int line = 1;
143 	int len;
144 
145 	i = 0;
146 next_record:
147 	/* search for the start of record character */
148 	while (i < size) {
149 		if (data[i] == '\n') line++;
150 		if (data[i++] == ':') break;
151 	}
152 
153 	/* Minimum record length would be about 10 characters */
154 	if (i + 10 > size) {
155 		fprintf(stderr, "Can't find valid record at line %d\n", line);
156 		return -EINVAL;
157 	}
158 
159 	len = hex(data + i, &crc); i += 2;
160 	if (wide_records) {
161 		len <<= 8;
162 		len += hex(data + i, &crc); i += 2;
163 	}
164 	record = malloc((sizeof (*record) + len + 3) & ~3);
165 	if (!record) {
166 		fprintf(stderr, "out of memory for records\n");
167 		return -ENOMEM;
168 	}
169 	memset(record, 0, (sizeof(*record) + len + 3) & ~3);
170 	record->len = len;
171 
172 	/* now check if we have enough data to read everything */
173 	if (i + 8 + (record->len * 2) > size) {
174 		fprintf(stderr, "Not enough data to read complete record at line %d\n",
175 			line);
176 		return -EINVAL;
177 	}
178 
179 	record->addr  = hex(data + i, &crc) << 8; i += 2;
180 	record->addr |= hex(data + i, &crc); i += 2;
181 	type = hex(data + i, &crc); i += 2;
182 
183 	for (j = 0; j < record->len; j++, i += 2)
184 		record->data[j] = hex(data + i, &crc);
185 
186 	/* check CRC */
187 	crcbyte = hex(data + i, &crc); i += 2;
188 	if (crc != 0) {
189 		fprintf(stderr, "CRC failure at line %d: got 0x%X, expected 0x%X\n",
190 			line, crcbyte, (unsigned char)(crcbyte-crc));
191 		return -EINVAL;
192 	}
193 
194 	/* Done reading the record */
195 	switch (type) {
196 	case 0:
197 		/* old style EOF record? */
198 		if (!record->len)
199 			break;
200 
201 		record->addr += offset;
202 		file_record(record);
203 		goto next_record;
204 
205 	case 1: /* End-Of-File Record */
206 		if (record->addr || record->len) {
207 			fprintf(stderr, "Bad EOF record (type 01) format at line %d",
208 				line);
209 			return -EINVAL;
210 		}
211 		break;
212 
213 	case 2: /* Extended Segment Address Record (HEX86) */
214 	case 4: /* Extended Linear Address Record (HEX386) */
215 		if (record->addr || record->len != 2) {
216 			fprintf(stderr, "Bad HEX86/HEX386 record (type %02X) at line %d\n",
217 				type, line);
218 			return -EINVAL;
219 		}
220 
221 		/* We shouldn't really be using the offset for HEX86 because
222 		 * the wraparound case is specified quite differently. */
223 		offset = record->data[0] << 8 | record->data[1];
224 		offset <<= (type == 2 ? 4 : 16);
225 		goto next_record;
226 
227 	case 3: /* Start Segment Address Record */
228 	case 5: /* Start Linear Address Record */
229 		if (record->addr || record->len != 4) {
230 			fprintf(stderr, "Bad Start Address record (type %02X) at line %d\n",
231 				type, line);
232 			return -EINVAL;
233 		}
234 
235 		memcpy(&data32, &record->data[0], sizeof(data32));
236 		data32 = htonl(data32);
237 		memcpy(&record->data[0], &data32, sizeof(data32));
238 
239 		/* These records contain the CS/IP or EIP where execution
240 		 * starts. If requested output this as a record. */
241 		if (include_jump)
242 			file_record(record);
243 		goto next_record;
244 
245 	default:
246 		fprintf(stderr, "Unknown record (type %02X)\n", type);
247 		return -EINVAL;
248 	}
249 
250 	return 0;
251 }
252 
253 static struct ihex_binrec *records;
254 
255 static void file_record(struct ihex_binrec *record)
256 {
257 	struct ihex_binrec **p = &records;
258 
259 	while ((*p) && (!sort_records || (*p)->addr < record->addr))
260 		p = &((*p)->next);
261 
262 	record->next = *p;
263 	*p = record;
264 }
265 
266 static uint16_t ihex_binrec_size(struct ihex_binrec *p)
267 {
268 	return p->len + sizeof(p->addr) + sizeof(p->len);
269 }
270 
271 static int output_records(int outfd)
272 {
273 	unsigned char zeroes[6] = {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0};
274 	struct ihex_binrec *p = records;
275 
276 	while (p) {
277 		uint16_t writelen = ALIGN(ihex_binrec_size(p), 4);
278 
279 		p->addr = htonl(p->addr);
280 		p->len = htons(p->len);
281 		if (write(outfd, &p->addr, writelen) != writelen)
282 			return 1;
283 		p = p->next;
284 	}
285 	/* EOF record is zero length, since we don't bother to represent
286 	   the type field in the binary version */
287 	if (write(outfd, zeroes, 6) != 6)
288 		return 1;
289 	return 0;
290 }
291