xref: /linux/tools/bpf/bpftool/prog.c (revision e9f0878c4b2004ac19581274c1ae4c61ae3ca70e)
1 /*
2  * Copyright (C) 2017-2018 Netronome Systems, Inc.
3  *
4  * This software is dual licensed under the GNU General License Version 2,
5  * June 1991 as shown in the file COPYING in the top-level directory of this
6  * source tree or the BSD 2-Clause License provided below.  You have the
7  * option to license this software under the complete terms of either license.
8  *
9  * The BSD 2-Clause License:
10  *
11  *     Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or
12  *     without modification, are permitted provided that the following
13  *     conditions are met:
14  *
15  *      1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above
16  *         copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following
17  *         disclaimer.
18  *
19  *      2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
20  *         copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following
21  *         disclaimer in the documentation and/or other materials
22  *         provided with the distribution.
23  *
24  * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
25  * EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
26  * MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND
27  * NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS
28  * BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN
29  * ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN
30  * CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
31  * SOFTWARE.
32  */
33 
34 #define _GNU_SOURCE
35 #include <errno.h>
36 #include <fcntl.h>
37 #include <stdarg.h>
38 #include <stdio.h>
39 #include <stdlib.h>
40 #include <string.h>
41 #include <time.h>
42 #include <unistd.h>
43 #include <net/if.h>
44 #include <sys/types.h>
45 #include <sys/stat.h>
46 
47 #include <linux/err.h>
48 
49 #include <bpf.h>
50 #include <libbpf.h>
51 
52 #include "cfg.h"
53 #include "main.h"
54 #include "xlated_dumper.h"
55 
56 static const char * const prog_type_name[] = {
57 	[BPF_PROG_TYPE_UNSPEC]		= "unspec",
58 	[BPF_PROG_TYPE_SOCKET_FILTER]	= "socket_filter",
59 	[BPF_PROG_TYPE_KPROBE]		= "kprobe",
60 	[BPF_PROG_TYPE_SCHED_CLS]	= "sched_cls",
61 	[BPF_PROG_TYPE_SCHED_ACT]	= "sched_act",
62 	[BPF_PROG_TYPE_TRACEPOINT]	= "tracepoint",
63 	[BPF_PROG_TYPE_XDP]		= "xdp",
64 	[BPF_PROG_TYPE_PERF_EVENT]	= "perf_event",
65 	[BPF_PROG_TYPE_CGROUP_SKB]	= "cgroup_skb",
66 	[BPF_PROG_TYPE_CGROUP_SOCK]	= "cgroup_sock",
67 	[BPF_PROG_TYPE_LWT_IN]		= "lwt_in",
68 	[BPF_PROG_TYPE_LWT_OUT]		= "lwt_out",
69 	[BPF_PROG_TYPE_LWT_XMIT]	= "lwt_xmit",
70 	[BPF_PROG_TYPE_SOCK_OPS]	= "sock_ops",
71 	[BPF_PROG_TYPE_SK_SKB]		= "sk_skb",
72 	[BPF_PROG_TYPE_CGROUP_DEVICE]	= "cgroup_device",
73 	[BPF_PROG_TYPE_SK_MSG]		= "sk_msg",
74 	[BPF_PROG_TYPE_RAW_TRACEPOINT]	= "raw_tracepoint",
75 	[BPF_PROG_TYPE_CGROUP_SOCK_ADDR] = "cgroup_sock_addr",
76 	[BPF_PROG_TYPE_LIRC_MODE2]	= "lirc_mode2",
77 };
78 
79 static void print_boot_time(__u64 nsecs, char *buf, unsigned int size)
80 {
81 	struct timespec real_time_ts, boot_time_ts;
82 	time_t wallclock_secs;
83 	struct tm load_tm;
84 
85 	buf[--size] = '\0';
86 
87 	if (clock_gettime(CLOCK_REALTIME, &real_time_ts) ||
88 	    clock_gettime(CLOCK_BOOTTIME, &boot_time_ts)) {
89 		perror("Can't read clocks");
90 		snprintf(buf, size, "%llu", nsecs / 1000000000);
91 		return;
92 	}
93 
94 	wallclock_secs = (real_time_ts.tv_sec - boot_time_ts.tv_sec) +
95 		(real_time_ts.tv_nsec - boot_time_ts.tv_nsec + nsecs) /
96 		1000000000;
97 
98 
99 	if (!localtime_r(&wallclock_secs, &load_tm)) {
100 		snprintf(buf, size, "%llu", nsecs / 1000000000);
101 		return;
102 	}
103 
104 	if (json_output)
105 		strftime(buf, size, "%s", &load_tm);
106 	else
107 		strftime(buf, size, "%FT%T%z", &load_tm);
108 }
109 
110 static int prog_fd_by_tag(unsigned char *tag)
111 {
112 	struct bpf_prog_info info = {};
113 	__u32 len = sizeof(info);
114 	unsigned int id = 0;
115 	int err;
116 	int fd;
117 
118 	while (true) {
119 		err = bpf_prog_get_next_id(id, &id);
120 		if (err) {
121 			p_err("%s", strerror(errno));
122 			return -1;
123 		}
124 
125 		fd = bpf_prog_get_fd_by_id(id);
126 		if (fd < 0) {
127 			p_err("can't get prog by id (%u): %s",
128 			      id, strerror(errno));
129 			return -1;
130 		}
131 
132 		err = bpf_obj_get_info_by_fd(fd, &info, &len);
133 		if (err) {
134 			p_err("can't get prog info (%u): %s",
135 			      id, strerror(errno));
136 			close(fd);
137 			return -1;
138 		}
139 
140 		if (!memcmp(tag, info.tag, BPF_TAG_SIZE))
141 			return fd;
142 
143 		close(fd);
144 	}
145 }
146 
147 int prog_parse_fd(int *argc, char ***argv)
148 {
149 	int fd;
150 
151 	if (is_prefix(**argv, "id")) {
152 		unsigned int id;
153 		char *endptr;
154 
155 		NEXT_ARGP();
156 
157 		id = strtoul(**argv, &endptr, 0);
158 		if (*endptr) {
159 			p_err("can't parse %s as ID", **argv);
160 			return -1;
161 		}
162 		NEXT_ARGP();
163 
164 		fd = bpf_prog_get_fd_by_id(id);
165 		if (fd < 0)
166 			p_err("get by id (%u): %s", id, strerror(errno));
167 		return fd;
168 	} else if (is_prefix(**argv, "tag")) {
169 		unsigned char tag[BPF_TAG_SIZE];
170 
171 		NEXT_ARGP();
172 
173 		if (sscanf(**argv, BPF_TAG_FMT, tag, tag + 1, tag + 2,
174 			   tag + 3, tag + 4, tag + 5, tag + 6, tag + 7)
175 		    != BPF_TAG_SIZE) {
176 			p_err("can't parse tag");
177 			return -1;
178 		}
179 		NEXT_ARGP();
180 
181 		return prog_fd_by_tag(tag);
182 	} else if (is_prefix(**argv, "pinned")) {
183 		char *path;
184 
185 		NEXT_ARGP();
186 
187 		path = **argv;
188 		NEXT_ARGP();
189 
190 		return open_obj_pinned_any(path, BPF_OBJ_PROG);
191 	}
192 
193 	p_err("expected 'id', 'tag' or 'pinned', got: '%s'?", **argv);
194 	return -1;
195 }
196 
197 static void show_prog_maps(int fd, u32 num_maps)
198 {
199 	struct bpf_prog_info info = {};
200 	__u32 len = sizeof(info);
201 	__u32 map_ids[num_maps];
202 	unsigned int i;
203 	int err;
204 
205 	info.nr_map_ids = num_maps;
206 	info.map_ids = ptr_to_u64(map_ids);
207 
208 	err = bpf_obj_get_info_by_fd(fd, &info, &len);
209 	if (err || !info.nr_map_ids)
210 		return;
211 
212 	if (json_output) {
213 		jsonw_name(json_wtr, "map_ids");
214 		jsonw_start_array(json_wtr);
215 		for (i = 0; i < info.nr_map_ids; i++)
216 			jsonw_uint(json_wtr, map_ids[i]);
217 		jsonw_end_array(json_wtr);
218 	} else {
219 		printf("  map_ids ");
220 		for (i = 0; i < info.nr_map_ids; i++)
221 			printf("%u%s", map_ids[i],
222 			       i == info.nr_map_ids - 1 ? "" : ",");
223 	}
224 }
225 
226 static void print_prog_json(struct bpf_prog_info *info, int fd)
227 {
228 	char *memlock;
229 
230 	jsonw_start_object(json_wtr);
231 	jsonw_uint_field(json_wtr, "id", info->id);
232 	if (info->type < ARRAY_SIZE(prog_type_name))
233 		jsonw_string_field(json_wtr, "type",
234 				   prog_type_name[info->type]);
235 	else
236 		jsonw_uint_field(json_wtr, "type", info->type);
237 
238 	if (*info->name)
239 		jsonw_string_field(json_wtr, "name", info->name);
240 
241 	jsonw_name(json_wtr, "tag");
242 	jsonw_printf(json_wtr, "\"" BPF_TAG_FMT "\"",
243 		     info->tag[0], info->tag[1], info->tag[2], info->tag[3],
244 		     info->tag[4], info->tag[5], info->tag[6], info->tag[7]);
245 
246 	jsonw_bool_field(json_wtr, "gpl_compatible", info->gpl_compatible);
247 
248 	print_dev_json(info->ifindex, info->netns_dev, info->netns_ino);
249 
250 	if (info->load_time) {
251 		char buf[32];
252 
253 		print_boot_time(info->load_time, buf, sizeof(buf));
254 
255 		/* Piggy back on load_time, since 0 uid is a valid one */
256 		jsonw_name(json_wtr, "loaded_at");
257 		jsonw_printf(json_wtr, "%s", buf);
258 		jsonw_uint_field(json_wtr, "uid", info->created_by_uid);
259 	}
260 
261 	jsonw_uint_field(json_wtr, "bytes_xlated", info->xlated_prog_len);
262 
263 	if (info->jited_prog_len) {
264 		jsonw_bool_field(json_wtr, "jited", true);
265 		jsonw_uint_field(json_wtr, "bytes_jited", info->jited_prog_len);
266 	} else {
267 		jsonw_bool_field(json_wtr, "jited", false);
268 	}
269 
270 	memlock = get_fdinfo(fd, "memlock");
271 	if (memlock)
272 		jsonw_int_field(json_wtr, "bytes_memlock", atoi(memlock));
273 	free(memlock);
274 
275 	if (info->nr_map_ids)
276 		show_prog_maps(fd, info->nr_map_ids);
277 
278 	if (!hash_empty(prog_table.table)) {
279 		struct pinned_obj *obj;
280 
281 		jsonw_name(json_wtr, "pinned");
282 		jsonw_start_array(json_wtr);
283 		hash_for_each_possible(prog_table.table, obj, hash, info->id) {
284 			if (obj->id == info->id)
285 				jsonw_string(json_wtr, obj->path);
286 		}
287 		jsonw_end_array(json_wtr);
288 	}
289 
290 	jsonw_end_object(json_wtr);
291 }
292 
293 static void print_prog_plain(struct bpf_prog_info *info, int fd)
294 {
295 	char *memlock;
296 
297 	printf("%u: ", info->id);
298 	if (info->type < ARRAY_SIZE(prog_type_name))
299 		printf("%s  ", prog_type_name[info->type]);
300 	else
301 		printf("type %u  ", info->type);
302 
303 	if (*info->name)
304 		printf("name %s  ", info->name);
305 
306 	printf("tag ");
307 	fprint_hex(stdout, info->tag, BPF_TAG_SIZE, "");
308 	print_dev_plain(info->ifindex, info->netns_dev, info->netns_ino);
309 	printf("%s", info->gpl_compatible ? "  gpl" : "");
310 	printf("\n");
311 
312 	if (info->load_time) {
313 		char buf[32];
314 
315 		print_boot_time(info->load_time, buf, sizeof(buf));
316 
317 		/* Piggy back on load_time, since 0 uid is a valid one */
318 		printf("\tloaded_at %s  uid %u\n", buf, info->created_by_uid);
319 	}
320 
321 	printf("\txlated %uB", info->xlated_prog_len);
322 
323 	if (info->jited_prog_len)
324 		printf("  jited %uB", info->jited_prog_len);
325 	else
326 		printf("  not jited");
327 
328 	memlock = get_fdinfo(fd, "memlock");
329 	if (memlock)
330 		printf("  memlock %sB", memlock);
331 	free(memlock);
332 
333 	if (info->nr_map_ids)
334 		show_prog_maps(fd, info->nr_map_ids);
335 
336 	if (!hash_empty(prog_table.table)) {
337 		struct pinned_obj *obj;
338 
339 		printf("\n");
340 		hash_for_each_possible(prog_table.table, obj, hash, info->id) {
341 			if (obj->id == info->id)
342 				printf("\tpinned %s\n", obj->path);
343 		}
344 	}
345 
346 	printf("\n");
347 }
348 
349 static int show_prog(int fd)
350 {
351 	struct bpf_prog_info info = {};
352 	__u32 len = sizeof(info);
353 	int err;
354 
355 	err = bpf_obj_get_info_by_fd(fd, &info, &len);
356 	if (err) {
357 		p_err("can't get prog info: %s", strerror(errno));
358 		return -1;
359 	}
360 
361 	if (json_output)
362 		print_prog_json(&info, fd);
363 	else
364 		print_prog_plain(&info, fd);
365 
366 	return 0;
367 }
368 
369 static int do_show(int argc, char **argv)
370 {
371 	__u32 id = 0;
372 	int err;
373 	int fd;
374 
375 	if (show_pinned)
376 		build_pinned_obj_table(&prog_table, BPF_OBJ_PROG);
377 
378 	if (argc == 2) {
379 		fd = prog_parse_fd(&argc, &argv);
380 		if (fd < 0)
381 			return -1;
382 
383 		return show_prog(fd);
384 	}
385 
386 	if (argc)
387 		return BAD_ARG();
388 
389 	if (json_output)
390 		jsonw_start_array(json_wtr);
391 	while (true) {
392 		err = bpf_prog_get_next_id(id, &id);
393 		if (err) {
394 			if (errno == ENOENT) {
395 				err = 0;
396 				break;
397 			}
398 			p_err("can't get next program: %s%s", strerror(errno),
399 			      errno == EINVAL ? " -- kernel too old?" : "");
400 			err = -1;
401 			break;
402 		}
403 
404 		fd = bpf_prog_get_fd_by_id(id);
405 		if (fd < 0) {
406 			if (errno == ENOENT)
407 				continue;
408 			p_err("can't get prog by id (%u): %s",
409 			      id, strerror(errno));
410 			err = -1;
411 			break;
412 		}
413 
414 		err = show_prog(fd);
415 		close(fd);
416 		if (err)
417 			break;
418 	}
419 
420 	if (json_output)
421 		jsonw_end_array(json_wtr);
422 
423 	return err;
424 }
425 
426 static int do_dump(int argc, char **argv)
427 {
428 	unsigned long *func_ksyms = NULL;
429 	struct bpf_prog_info info = {};
430 	unsigned int *func_lens = NULL;
431 	unsigned int nr_func_ksyms;
432 	unsigned int nr_func_lens;
433 	struct dump_data dd = {};
434 	__u32 len = sizeof(info);
435 	unsigned int buf_size;
436 	char *filepath = NULL;
437 	bool opcodes = false;
438 	bool visual = false;
439 	unsigned char *buf;
440 	__u32 *member_len;
441 	__u64 *member_ptr;
442 	ssize_t n;
443 	int err;
444 	int fd;
445 
446 	if (is_prefix(*argv, "jited")) {
447 		member_len = &info.jited_prog_len;
448 		member_ptr = &info.jited_prog_insns;
449 	} else if (is_prefix(*argv, "xlated")) {
450 		member_len = &info.xlated_prog_len;
451 		member_ptr = &info.xlated_prog_insns;
452 	} else {
453 		p_err("expected 'xlated' or 'jited', got: %s", *argv);
454 		return -1;
455 	}
456 	NEXT_ARG();
457 
458 	if (argc < 2)
459 		usage();
460 
461 	fd = prog_parse_fd(&argc, &argv);
462 	if (fd < 0)
463 		return -1;
464 
465 	if (is_prefix(*argv, "file")) {
466 		NEXT_ARG();
467 		if (!argc) {
468 			p_err("expected file path");
469 			return -1;
470 		}
471 
472 		filepath = *argv;
473 		NEXT_ARG();
474 	} else if (is_prefix(*argv, "opcodes")) {
475 		opcodes = true;
476 		NEXT_ARG();
477 	} else if (is_prefix(*argv, "visual")) {
478 		visual = true;
479 		NEXT_ARG();
480 	}
481 
482 	if (argc) {
483 		usage();
484 		return -1;
485 	}
486 
487 	err = bpf_obj_get_info_by_fd(fd, &info, &len);
488 	if (err) {
489 		p_err("can't get prog info: %s", strerror(errno));
490 		return -1;
491 	}
492 
493 	if (!*member_len) {
494 		p_info("no instructions returned");
495 		close(fd);
496 		return 0;
497 	}
498 
499 	buf_size = *member_len;
500 
501 	buf = malloc(buf_size);
502 	if (!buf) {
503 		p_err("mem alloc failed");
504 		close(fd);
505 		return -1;
506 	}
507 
508 	nr_func_ksyms = info.nr_jited_ksyms;
509 	if (nr_func_ksyms) {
510 		func_ksyms = malloc(nr_func_ksyms * sizeof(__u64));
511 		if (!func_ksyms) {
512 			p_err("mem alloc failed");
513 			close(fd);
514 			goto err_free;
515 		}
516 	}
517 
518 	nr_func_lens = info.nr_jited_func_lens;
519 	if (nr_func_lens) {
520 		func_lens = malloc(nr_func_lens * sizeof(__u32));
521 		if (!func_lens) {
522 			p_err("mem alloc failed");
523 			close(fd);
524 			goto err_free;
525 		}
526 	}
527 
528 	memset(&info, 0, sizeof(info));
529 
530 	*member_ptr = ptr_to_u64(buf);
531 	*member_len = buf_size;
532 	info.jited_ksyms = ptr_to_u64(func_ksyms);
533 	info.nr_jited_ksyms = nr_func_ksyms;
534 	info.jited_func_lens = ptr_to_u64(func_lens);
535 	info.nr_jited_func_lens = nr_func_lens;
536 
537 	err = bpf_obj_get_info_by_fd(fd, &info, &len);
538 	close(fd);
539 	if (err) {
540 		p_err("can't get prog info: %s", strerror(errno));
541 		goto err_free;
542 	}
543 
544 	if (*member_len > buf_size) {
545 		p_err("too many instructions returned");
546 		goto err_free;
547 	}
548 
549 	if (info.nr_jited_ksyms > nr_func_ksyms) {
550 		p_err("too many addresses returned");
551 		goto err_free;
552 	}
553 
554 	if (info.nr_jited_func_lens > nr_func_lens) {
555 		p_err("too many values returned");
556 		goto err_free;
557 	}
558 
559 	if ((member_len == &info.jited_prog_len &&
560 	     info.jited_prog_insns == 0) ||
561 	    (member_len == &info.xlated_prog_len &&
562 	     info.xlated_prog_insns == 0)) {
563 		p_err("error retrieving insn dump: kernel.kptr_restrict set?");
564 		goto err_free;
565 	}
566 
567 	if (filepath) {
568 		fd = open(filepath, O_WRONLY | O_CREAT | O_TRUNC, 0600);
569 		if (fd < 0) {
570 			p_err("can't open file %s: %s", filepath,
571 			      strerror(errno));
572 			goto err_free;
573 		}
574 
575 		n = write(fd, buf, *member_len);
576 		close(fd);
577 		if (n != *member_len) {
578 			p_err("error writing output file: %s",
579 			      n < 0 ? strerror(errno) : "short write");
580 			goto err_free;
581 		}
582 
583 		if (json_output)
584 			jsonw_null(json_wtr);
585 	} else if (member_len == &info.jited_prog_len) {
586 		const char *name = NULL;
587 
588 		if (info.ifindex) {
589 			name = ifindex_to_bfd_name_ns(info.ifindex,
590 						      info.netns_dev,
591 						      info.netns_ino);
592 			if (!name)
593 				goto err_free;
594 		}
595 
596 		if (info.nr_jited_func_lens && info.jited_func_lens) {
597 			struct kernel_sym *sym = NULL;
598 			char sym_name[SYM_MAX_NAME];
599 			unsigned char *img = buf;
600 			__u64 *ksyms = NULL;
601 			__u32 *lens;
602 			__u32 i;
603 
604 			if (info.nr_jited_ksyms) {
605 				kernel_syms_load(&dd);
606 				ksyms = (__u64 *) info.jited_ksyms;
607 			}
608 
609 			if (json_output)
610 				jsonw_start_array(json_wtr);
611 
612 			lens = (__u32 *) info.jited_func_lens;
613 			for (i = 0; i < info.nr_jited_func_lens; i++) {
614 				if (ksyms) {
615 					sym = kernel_syms_search(&dd, ksyms[i]);
616 					if (sym)
617 						sprintf(sym_name, "%s", sym->name);
618 					else
619 						sprintf(sym_name, "0x%016llx", ksyms[i]);
620 				} else {
621 					strcpy(sym_name, "unknown");
622 				}
623 
624 				if (json_output) {
625 					jsonw_start_object(json_wtr);
626 					jsonw_name(json_wtr, "name");
627 					jsonw_string(json_wtr, sym_name);
628 					jsonw_name(json_wtr, "insns");
629 				} else {
630 					printf("%s:\n", sym_name);
631 				}
632 
633 				disasm_print_insn(img, lens[i], opcodes, name);
634 				img += lens[i];
635 
636 				if (json_output)
637 					jsonw_end_object(json_wtr);
638 				else
639 					printf("\n");
640 			}
641 
642 			if (json_output)
643 				jsonw_end_array(json_wtr);
644 		} else {
645 			disasm_print_insn(buf, *member_len, opcodes, name);
646 		}
647 	} else if (visual) {
648 		if (json_output)
649 			jsonw_null(json_wtr);
650 		else
651 			dump_xlated_cfg(buf, *member_len);
652 	} else {
653 		kernel_syms_load(&dd);
654 		dd.nr_jited_ksyms = info.nr_jited_ksyms;
655 		dd.jited_ksyms = (__u64 *) info.jited_ksyms;
656 
657 		if (json_output)
658 			dump_xlated_json(&dd, buf, *member_len, opcodes);
659 		else
660 			dump_xlated_plain(&dd, buf, *member_len, opcodes);
661 		kernel_syms_destroy(&dd);
662 	}
663 
664 	free(buf);
665 	free(func_ksyms);
666 	free(func_lens);
667 	return 0;
668 
669 err_free:
670 	free(buf);
671 	free(func_ksyms);
672 	free(func_lens);
673 	return -1;
674 }
675 
676 static int do_pin(int argc, char **argv)
677 {
678 	int err;
679 
680 	err = do_pin_any(argc, argv, bpf_prog_get_fd_by_id);
681 	if (!err && json_output)
682 		jsonw_null(json_wtr);
683 	return err;
684 }
685 
686 struct map_replace {
687 	int idx;
688 	int fd;
689 	char *name;
690 };
691 
692 int map_replace_compar(const void *p1, const void *p2)
693 {
694 	const struct map_replace *a = p1, *b = p2;
695 
696 	return a->idx - b->idx;
697 }
698 
699 static int do_load(int argc, char **argv)
700 {
701 	enum bpf_attach_type expected_attach_type;
702 	struct bpf_object_open_attr attr = {
703 		.prog_type	= BPF_PROG_TYPE_UNSPEC,
704 	};
705 	struct map_replace *map_replace = NULL;
706 	unsigned int old_map_fds = 0;
707 	struct bpf_program *prog;
708 	struct bpf_object *obj;
709 	struct bpf_map *map;
710 	const char *pinfile;
711 	unsigned int i, j;
712 	__u32 ifindex = 0;
713 	int idx, err;
714 
715 	if (!REQ_ARGS(2))
716 		return -1;
717 	attr.file = GET_ARG();
718 	pinfile = GET_ARG();
719 
720 	while (argc) {
721 		if (is_prefix(*argv, "type")) {
722 			char *type;
723 
724 			NEXT_ARG();
725 
726 			if (attr.prog_type != BPF_PROG_TYPE_UNSPEC) {
727 				p_err("program type already specified");
728 				goto err_free_reuse_maps;
729 			}
730 			if (!REQ_ARGS(1))
731 				goto err_free_reuse_maps;
732 
733 			/* Put a '/' at the end of type to appease libbpf */
734 			type = malloc(strlen(*argv) + 2);
735 			if (!type) {
736 				p_err("mem alloc failed");
737 				goto err_free_reuse_maps;
738 			}
739 			*type = 0;
740 			strcat(type, *argv);
741 			strcat(type, "/");
742 
743 			err = libbpf_prog_type_by_name(type, &attr.prog_type,
744 						       &expected_attach_type);
745 			free(type);
746 			if (err < 0) {
747 				p_err("unknown program type '%s'", *argv);
748 				goto err_free_reuse_maps;
749 			}
750 			NEXT_ARG();
751 		} else if (is_prefix(*argv, "map")) {
752 			char *endptr, *name;
753 			int fd;
754 
755 			NEXT_ARG();
756 
757 			if (!REQ_ARGS(4))
758 				goto err_free_reuse_maps;
759 
760 			if (is_prefix(*argv, "idx")) {
761 				NEXT_ARG();
762 
763 				idx = strtoul(*argv, &endptr, 0);
764 				if (*endptr) {
765 					p_err("can't parse %s as IDX", *argv);
766 					goto err_free_reuse_maps;
767 				}
768 				name = NULL;
769 			} else if (is_prefix(*argv, "name")) {
770 				NEXT_ARG();
771 
772 				name = *argv;
773 				idx = -1;
774 			} else {
775 				p_err("expected 'idx' or 'name', got: '%s'?",
776 				      *argv);
777 				goto err_free_reuse_maps;
778 			}
779 			NEXT_ARG();
780 
781 			fd = map_parse_fd(&argc, &argv);
782 			if (fd < 0)
783 				goto err_free_reuse_maps;
784 
785 			map_replace = reallocarray(map_replace, old_map_fds + 1,
786 						   sizeof(*map_replace));
787 			if (!map_replace) {
788 				p_err("mem alloc failed");
789 				goto err_free_reuse_maps;
790 			}
791 			map_replace[old_map_fds].idx = idx;
792 			map_replace[old_map_fds].name = name;
793 			map_replace[old_map_fds].fd = fd;
794 			old_map_fds++;
795 		} else if (is_prefix(*argv, "dev")) {
796 			NEXT_ARG();
797 
798 			if (ifindex) {
799 				p_err("offload device already specified");
800 				goto err_free_reuse_maps;
801 			}
802 			if (!REQ_ARGS(1))
803 				goto err_free_reuse_maps;
804 
805 			ifindex = if_nametoindex(*argv);
806 			if (!ifindex) {
807 				p_err("unrecognized netdevice '%s': %s",
808 				      *argv, strerror(errno));
809 				goto err_free_reuse_maps;
810 			}
811 			NEXT_ARG();
812 		} else {
813 			p_err("expected no more arguments, 'type', 'map' or 'dev', got: '%s'?",
814 			      *argv);
815 			goto err_free_reuse_maps;
816 		}
817 	}
818 
819 	obj = bpf_object__open_xattr(&attr);
820 	if (IS_ERR_OR_NULL(obj)) {
821 		p_err("failed to open object file");
822 		goto err_free_reuse_maps;
823 	}
824 
825 	prog = bpf_program__next(NULL, obj);
826 	if (!prog) {
827 		p_err("object file doesn't contain any bpf program");
828 		goto err_close_obj;
829 	}
830 
831 	bpf_program__set_ifindex(prog, ifindex);
832 	if (attr.prog_type == BPF_PROG_TYPE_UNSPEC) {
833 		const char *sec_name = bpf_program__title(prog, false);
834 
835 		err = libbpf_prog_type_by_name(sec_name, &attr.prog_type,
836 					       &expected_attach_type);
837 		if (err < 0) {
838 			p_err("failed to guess program type based on section name %s\n",
839 			      sec_name);
840 			goto err_close_obj;
841 		}
842 	}
843 	bpf_program__set_type(prog, attr.prog_type);
844 	bpf_program__set_expected_attach_type(prog, expected_attach_type);
845 
846 	qsort(map_replace, old_map_fds, sizeof(*map_replace),
847 	      map_replace_compar);
848 
849 	/* After the sort maps by name will be first on the list, because they
850 	 * have idx == -1.  Resolve them.
851 	 */
852 	j = 0;
853 	while (j < old_map_fds && map_replace[j].name) {
854 		i = 0;
855 		bpf_map__for_each(map, obj) {
856 			if (!strcmp(bpf_map__name(map), map_replace[j].name)) {
857 				map_replace[j].idx = i;
858 				break;
859 			}
860 			i++;
861 		}
862 		if (map_replace[j].idx == -1) {
863 			p_err("unable to find map '%s'", map_replace[j].name);
864 			goto err_close_obj;
865 		}
866 		j++;
867 	}
868 	/* Resort if any names were resolved */
869 	if (j)
870 		qsort(map_replace, old_map_fds, sizeof(*map_replace),
871 		      map_replace_compar);
872 
873 	/* Set ifindex and name reuse */
874 	j = 0;
875 	idx = 0;
876 	bpf_map__for_each(map, obj) {
877 		if (!bpf_map__is_offload_neutral(map))
878 			bpf_map__set_ifindex(map, ifindex);
879 
880 		if (j < old_map_fds && idx == map_replace[j].idx) {
881 			err = bpf_map__reuse_fd(map, map_replace[j++].fd);
882 			if (err) {
883 				p_err("unable to set up map reuse: %d", err);
884 				goto err_close_obj;
885 			}
886 
887 			/* Next reuse wants to apply to the same map */
888 			if (j < old_map_fds && map_replace[j].idx == idx) {
889 				p_err("replacement for map idx %d specified more than once",
890 				      idx);
891 				goto err_close_obj;
892 			}
893 		}
894 
895 		idx++;
896 	}
897 	if (j < old_map_fds) {
898 		p_err("map idx '%d' not used", map_replace[j].idx);
899 		goto err_close_obj;
900 	}
901 
902 	err = bpf_object__load(obj);
903 	if (err) {
904 		p_err("failed to load object file");
905 		goto err_close_obj;
906 	}
907 
908 	if (do_pin_fd(bpf_program__fd(prog), pinfile))
909 		goto err_close_obj;
910 
911 	if (json_output)
912 		jsonw_null(json_wtr);
913 
914 	bpf_object__close(obj);
915 	for (i = 0; i < old_map_fds; i++)
916 		close(map_replace[i].fd);
917 	free(map_replace);
918 
919 	return 0;
920 
921 err_close_obj:
922 	bpf_object__close(obj);
923 err_free_reuse_maps:
924 	for (i = 0; i < old_map_fds; i++)
925 		close(map_replace[i].fd);
926 	free(map_replace);
927 	return -1;
928 }
929 
930 static int do_help(int argc, char **argv)
931 {
932 	if (json_output) {
933 		jsonw_null(json_wtr);
934 		return 0;
935 	}
936 
937 	fprintf(stderr,
938 		"Usage: %s %s { show | list } [PROG]\n"
939 		"       %s %s dump xlated PROG [{ file FILE | opcodes | visual }]\n"
940 		"       %s %s dump jited  PROG [{ file FILE | opcodes }]\n"
941 		"       %s %s pin   PROG FILE\n"
942 		"       %s %s load  OBJ  FILE [type TYPE] [dev NAME] \\\n"
943 		"                         [map { idx IDX | name NAME } MAP]\n"
944 		"       %s %s help\n"
945 		"\n"
946 		"       " HELP_SPEC_MAP "\n"
947 		"       " HELP_SPEC_PROGRAM "\n"
948 		"       TYPE := { socket | kprobe | kretprobe | classifier | action |\n"
949 		"                 tracepoint | raw_tracepoint | xdp | perf_event | cgroup/skb |\n"
950 		"                 cgroup/sock | cgroup/dev | lwt_in | lwt_out | lwt_xmit |\n"
951 		"                 lwt_seg6local | sockops | sk_skb | sk_msg | lirc_mode2 |\n"
952 		"                 cgroup/bind4 | cgroup/bind6 | cgroup/post_bind4 |\n"
953 		"                 cgroup/post_bind6 | cgroup/connect4 | cgroup/connect6 |\n"
954 		"                 cgroup/sendmsg4 | cgroup/sendmsg6 }\n"
955 		"       " HELP_SPEC_OPTIONS "\n"
956 		"",
957 		bin_name, argv[-2], bin_name, argv[-2], bin_name, argv[-2],
958 		bin_name, argv[-2], bin_name, argv[-2], bin_name, argv[-2]);
959 
960 	return 0;
961 }
962 
963 static const struct cmd cmds[] = {
964 	{ "show",	do_show },
965 	{ "list",	do_show },
966 	{ "help",	do_help },
967 	{ "dump",	do_dump },
968 	{ "pin",	do_pin },
969 	{ "load",	do_load },
970 	{ 0 }
971 };
972 
973 int do_prog(int argc, char **argv)
974 {
975 	return cmd_select(cmds, argc, argv, do_help);
976 }
977