xref: /linux/tools/bpf/bpftool/prog.c (revision b81a677400755cf24c971d1342c4c53d81744d82)
1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: (GPL-2.0-only OR BSD-2-Clause)
2 /* Copyright (C) 2017-2018 Netronome Systems, Inc. */
3 
4 #define _GNU_SOURCE
5 #include <errno.h>
6 #include <fcntl.h>
7 #include <signal.h>
8 #include <stdarg.h>
9 #include <stdio.h>
10 #include <stdlib.h>
11 #include <string.h>
12 #include <time.h>
13 #include <unistd.h>
14 #include <net/if.h>
15 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
16 #include <sys/types.h>
17 #include <sys/stat.h>
18 #include <sys/syscall.h>
19 #include <dirent.h>
20 
21 #include <linux/err.h>
22 #include <linux/perf_event.h>
23 #include <linux/sizes.h>
24 
25 #include <bpf/bpf.h>
26 #include <bpf/btf.h>
27 #include <bpf/hashmap.h>
28 #include <bpf/libbpf.h>
29 #include <bpf/libbpf_internal.h>
30 #include <bpf/skel_internal.h>
31 
32 #include "cfg.h"
33 #include "main.h"
34 #include "xlated_dumper.h"
35 
36 #define BPF_METADATA_PREFIX "bpf_metadata_"
37 #define BPF_METADATA_PREFIX_LEN (sizeof(BPF_METADATA_PREFIX) - 1)
38 
39 enum dump_mode {
40 	DUMP_JITED,
41 	DUMP_XLATED,
42 };
43 
44 static const bool attach_types[] = {
45 	[BPF_SK_SKB_STREAM_PARSER] = true,
46 	[BPF_SK_SKB_STREAM_VERDICT] = true,
47 	[BPF_SK_SKB_VERDICT] = true,
48 	[BPF_SK_MSG_VERDICT] = true,
49 	[BPF_FLOW_DISSECTOR] = true,
50 	[__MAX_BPF_ATTACH_TYPE] = false,
51 };
52 
53 /* Textual representations traditionally used by the program and kept around
54  * for the sake of backwards compatibility.
55  */
56 static const char * const attach_type_strings[] = {
57 	[BPF_SK_SKB_STREAM_PARSER] = "stream_parser",
58 	[BPF_SK_SKB_STREAM_VERDICT] = "stream_verdict",
59 	[BPF_SK_SKB_VERDICT] = "skb_verdict",
60 	[BPF_SK_MSG_VERDICT] = "msg_verdict",
61 	[__MAX_BPF_ATTACH_TYPE] = NULL,
62 };
63 
64 static struct hashmap *prog_table;
65 
66 static enum bpf_attach_type parse_attach_type(const char *str)
67 {
68 	enum bpf_attach_type type;
69 
70 	for (type = 0; type < __MAX_BPF_ATTACH_TYPE; type++) {
71 		if (attach_types[type]) {
72 			const char *attach_type_str;
73 
74 			attach_type_str = libbpf_bpf_attach_type_str(type);
75 			if (!strcmp(str, attach_type_str))
76 				return type;
77 		}
78 
79 		if (attach_type_strings[type] &&
80 		    is_prefix(str, attach_type_strings[type]))
81 			return type;
82 	}
83 
84 	return __MAX_BPF_ATTACH_TYPE;
85 }
86 
87 static int prep_prog_info(struct bpf_prog_info *const info, enum dump_mode mode,
88 			  void **info_data, size_t *const info_data_sz)
89 {
90 	struct bpf_prog_info holder = {};
91 	size_t needed = 0;
92 	void *ptr;
93 
94 	if (mode == DUMP_JITED) {
95 		holder.jited_prog_len = info->jited_prog_len;
96 		needed += info->jited_prog_len;
97 	} else {
98 		holder.xlated_prog_len = info->xlated_prog_len;
99 		needed += info->xlated_prog_len;
100 	}
101 
102 	holder.nr_jited_ksyms = info->nr_jited_ksyms;
103 	needed += info->nr_jited_ksyms * sizeof(__u64);
104 
105 	holder.nr_jited_func_lens = info->nr_jited_func_lens;
106 	needed += info->nr_jited_func_lens * sizeof(__u32);
107 
108 	holder.nr_func_info = info->nr_func_info;
109 	holder.func_info_rec_size = info->func_info_rec_size;
110 	needed += info->nr_func_info * info->func_info_rec_size;
111 
112 	holder.nr_line_info = info->nr_line_info;
113 	holder.line_info_rec_size = info->line_info_rec_size;
114 	needed += info->nr_line_info * info->line_info_rec_size;
115 
116 	holder.nr_jited_line_info = info->nr_jited_line_info;
117 	holder.jited_line_info_rec_size = info->jited_line_info_rec_size;
118 	needed += info->nr_jited_line_info * info->jited_line_info_rec_size;
119 
120 	if (needed > *info_data_sz) {
121 		ptr = realloc(*info_data, needed);
122 		if (!ptr)
123 			return -1;
124 
125 		*info_data = ptr;
126 		*info_data_sz = needed;
127 	}
128 	ptr = *info_data;
129 
130 	if (mode == DUMP_JITED) {
131 		holder.jited_prog_insns = ptr_to_u64(ptr);
132 		ptr += holder.jited_prog_len;
133 	} else {
134 		holder.xlated_prog_insns = ptr_to_u64(ptr);
135 		ptr += holder.xlated_prog_len;
136 	}
137 
138 	holder.jited_ksyms = ptr_to_u64(ptr);
139 	ptr += holder.nr_jited_ksyms * sizeof(__u64);
140 
141 	holder.jited_func_lens = ptr_to_u64(ptr);
142 	ptr += holder.nr_jited_func_lens * sizeof(__u32);
143 
144 	holder.func_info = ptr_to_u64(ptr);
145 	ptr += holder.nr_func_info * holder.func_info_rec_size;
146 
147 	holder.line_info = ptr_to_u64(ptr);
148 	ptr += holder.nr_line_info * holder.line_info_rec_size;
149 
150 	holder.jited_line_info = ptr_to_u64(ptr);
151 	ptr += holder.nr_jited_line_info * holder.jited_line_info_rec_size;
152 
153 	*info = holder;
154 	return 0;
155 }
156 
157 static void print_boot_time(__u64 nsecs, char *buf, unsigned int size)
158 {
159 	struct timespec real_time_ts, boot_time_ts;
160 	time_t wallclock_secs;
161 	struct tm load_tm;
162 
163 	buf[--size] = '\0';
164 
165 	if (clock_gettime(CLOCK_REALTIME, &real_time_ts) ||
166 	    clock_gettime(CLOCK_BOOTTIME, &boot_time_ts)) {
167 		perror("Can't read clocks");
168 		snprintf(buf, size, "%llu", nsecs / 1000000000);
169 		return;
170 	}
171 
172 	wallclock_secs = (real_time_ts.tv_sec - boot_time_ts.tv_sec) +
173 		(real_time_ts.tv_nsec - boot_time_ts.tv_nsec + nsecs) /
174 		1000000000;
175 
176 
177 	if (!localtime_r(&wallclock_secs, &load_tm)) {
178 		snprintf(buf, size, "%llu", nsecs / 1000000000);
179 		return;
180 	}
181 
182 	if (json_output)
183 		strftime(buf, size, "%s", &load_tm);
184 	else
185 		strftime(buf, size, "%FT%T%z", &load_tm);
186 }
187 
188 static void show_prog_maps(int fd, __u32 num_maps)
189 {
190 	struct bpf_prog_info info = {};
191 	__u32 len = sizeof(info);
192 	__u32 map_ids[num_maps];
193 	unsigned int i;
194 	int err;
195 
196 	info.nr_map_ids = num_maps;
197 	info.map_ids = ptr_to_u64(map_ids);
198 
199 	err = bpf_obj_get_info_by_fd(fd, &info, &len);
200 	if (err || !info.nr_map_ids)
201 		return;
202 
203 	if (json_output) {
204 		jsonw_name(json_wtr, "map_ids");
205 		jsonw_start_array(json_wtr);
206 		for (i = 0; i < info.nr_map_ids; i++)
207 			jsonw_uint(json_wtr, map_ids[i]);
208 		jsonw_end_array(json_wtr);
209 	} else {
210 		printf("  map_ids ");
211 		for (i = 0; i < info.nr_map_ids; i++)
212 			printf("%u%s", map_ids[i],
213 			       i == info.nr_map_ids - 1 ? "" : ",");
214 	}
215 }
216 
217 static void *find_metadata(int prog_fd, struct bpf_map_info *map_info)
218 {
219 	struct bpf_prog_info prog_info;
220 	__u32 prog_info_len;
221 	__u32 map_info_len;
222 	void *value = NULL;
223 	__u32 *map_ids;
224 	int nr_maps;
225 	int key = 0;
226 	int map_fd;
227 	int ret;
228 	__u32 i;
229 
230 	memset(&prog_info, 0, sizeof(prog_info));
231 	prog_info_len = sizeof(prog_info);
232 	ret = bpf_obj_get_info_by_fd(prog_fd, &prog_info, &prog_info_len);
233 	if (ret)
234 		return NULL;
235 
236 	if (!prog_info.nr_map_ids)
237 		return NULL;
238 
239 	map_ids = calloc(prog_info.nr_map_ids, sizeof(__u32));
240 	if (!map_ids)
241 		return NULL;
242 
243 	nr_maps = prog_info.nr_map_ids;
244 	memset(&prog_info, 0, sizeof(prog_info));
245 	prog_info.nr_map_ids = nr_maps;
246 	prog_info.map_ids = ptr_to_u64(map_ids);
247 	prog_info_len = sizeof(prog_info);
248 
249 	ret = bpf_obj_get_info_by_fd(prog_fd, &prog_info, &prog_info_len);
250 	if (ret)
251 		goto free_map_ids;
252 
253 	for (i = 0; i < prog_info.nr_map_ids; i++) {
254 		map_fd = bpf_map_get_fd_by_id(map_ids[i]);
255 		if (map_fd < 0)
256 			goto free_map_ids;
257 
258 		memset(map_info, 0, sizeof(*map_info));
259 		map_info_len = sizeof(*map_info);
260 		ret = bpf_obj_get_info_by_fd(map_fd, map_info, &map_info_len);
261 		if (ret < 0) {
262 			close(map_fd);
263 			goto free_map_ids;
264 		}
265 
266 		if (map_info->type != BPF_MAP_TYPE_ARRAY ||
267 		    map_info->key_size != sizeof(int) ||
268 		    map_info->max_entries != 1 ||
269 		    !map_info->btf_value_type_id ||
270 		    !strstr(map_info->name, ".rodata")) {
271 			close(map_fd);
272 			continue;
273 		}
274 
275 		value = malloc(map_info->value_size);
276 		if (!value) {
277 			close(map_fd);
278 			goto free_map_ids;
279 		}
280 
281 		if (bpf_map_lookup_elem(map_fd, &key, value)) {
282 			close(map_fd);
283 			free(value);
284 			value = NULL;
285 			goto free_map_ids;
286 		}
287 
288 		close(map_fd);
289 		break;
290 	}
291 
292 free_map_ids:
293 	free(map_ids);
294 	return value;
295 }
296 
297 static bool has_metadata_prefix(const char *s)
298 {
299 	return strncmp(s, BPF_METADATA_PREFIX, BPF_METADATA_PREFIX_LEN) == 0;
300 }
301 
302 static void show_prog_metadata(int fd, __u32 num_maps)
303 {
304 	const struct btf_type *t_datasec, *t_var;
305 	struct bpf_map_info map_info;
306 	struct btf_var_secinfo *vsi;
307 	bool printed_header = false;
308 	unsigned int i, vlen;
309 	void *value = NULL;
310 	const char *name;
311 	struct btf *btf;
312 	int err;
313 
314 	if (!num_maps)
315 		return;
316 
317 	memset(&map_info, 0, sizeof(map_info));
318 	value = find_metadata(fd, &map_info);
319 	if (!value)
320 		return;
321 
322 	btf = btf__load_from_kernel_by_id(map_info.btf_id);
323 	if (libbpf_get_error(btf))
324 		goto out_free;
325 
326 	t_datasec = btf__type_by_id(btf, map_info.btf_value_type_id);
327 	if (!btf_is_datasec(t_datasec))
328 		goto out_free;
329 
330 	vlen = btf_vlen(t_datasec);
331 	vsi = btf_var_secinfos(t_datasec);
332 
333 	/* We don't proceed to check the kinds of the elements of the DATASEC.
334 	 * The verifier enforces them to be BTF_KIND_VAR.
335 	 */
336 
337 	if (json_output) {
338 		struct btf_dumper d = {
339 			.btf = btf,
340 			.jw = json_wtr,
341 			.is_plain_text = false,
342 		};
343 
344 		for (i = 0; i < vlen; i++, vsi++) {
345 			t_var = btf__type_by_id(btf, vsi->type);
346 			name = btf__name_by_offset(btf, t_var->name_off);
347 
348 			if (!has_metadata_prefix(name))
349 				continue;
350 
351 			if (!printed_header) {
352 				jsonw_name(json_wtr, "metadata");
353 				jsonw_start_object(json_wtr);
354 				printed_header = true;
355 			}
356 
357 			jsonw_name(json_wtr, name + BPF_METADATA_PREFIX_LEN);
358 			err = btf_dumper_type(&d, t_var->type, value + vsi->offset);
359 			if (err) {
360 				p_err("btf dump failed: %d", err);
361 				break;
362 			}
363 		}
364 		if (printed_header)
365 			jsonw_end_object(json_wtr);
366 	} else {
367 		json_writer_t *btf_wtr;
368 		struct btf_dumper d = {
369 			.btf = btf,
370 			.is_plain_text = true,
371 		};
372 
373 		for (i = 0; i < vlen; i++, vsi++) {
374 			t_var = btf__type_by_id(btf, vsi->type);
375 			name = btf__name_by_offset(btf, t_var->name_off);
376 
377 			if (!has_metadata_prefix(name))
378 				continue;
379 
380 			if (!printed_header) {
381 				printf("\tmetadata:");
382 
383 				btf_wtr = jsonw_new(stdout);
384 				if (!btf_wtr) {
385 					p_err("jsonw alloc failed");
386 					goto out_free;
387 				}
388 				d.jw = btf_wtr,
389 
390 				printed_header = true;
391 			}
392 
393 			printf("\n\t\t%s = ", name + BPF_METADATA_PREFIX_LEN);
394 
395 			jsonw_reset(btf_wtr);
396 			err = btf_dumper_type(&d, t_var->type, value + vsi->offset);
397 			if (err) {
398 				p_err("btf dump failed: %d", err);
399 				break;
400 			}
401 		}
402 		if (printed_header)
403 			jsonw_destroy(&btf_wtr);
404 	}
405 
406 out_free:
407 	btf__free(btf);
408 	free(value);
409 }
410 
411 static void print_prog_header_json(struct bpf_prog_info *info, int fd)
412 {
413 	const char *prog_type_str;
414 	char prog_name[MAX_PROG_FULL_NAME];
415 
416 	jsonw_uint_field(json_wtr, "id", info->id);
417 	prog_type_str = libbpf_bpf_prog_type_str(info->type);
418 
419 	if (prog_type_str)
420 		jsonw_string_field(json_wtr, "type", prog_type_str);
421 	else
422 		jsonw_uint_field(json_wtr, "type", info->type);
423 
424 	if (*info->name) {
425 		get_prog_full_name(info, fd, prog_name, sizeof(prog_name));
426 		jsonw_string_field(json_wtr, "name", prog_name);
427 	}
428 
429 	jsonw_name(json_wtr, "tag");
430 	jsonw_printf(json_wtr, "\"" BPF_TAG_FMT "\"",
431 		     info->tag[0], info->tag[1], info->tag[2], info->tag[3],
432 		     info->tag[4], info->tag[5], info->tag[6], info->tag[7]);
433 
434 	jsonw_bool_field(json_wtr, "gpl_compatible", info->gpl_compatible);
435 	if (info->run_time_ns) {
436 		jsonw_uint_field(json_wtr, "run_time_ns", info->run_time_ns);
437 		jsonw_uint_field(json_wtr, "run_cnt", info->run_cnt);
438 	}
439 	if (info->recursion_misses)
440 		jsonw_uint_field(json_wtr, "recursion_misses", info->recursion_misses);
441 }
442 
443 static void print_prog_json(struct bpf_prog_info *info, int fd)
444 {
445 	char *memlock;
446 
447 	jsonw_start_object(json_wtr);
448 	print_prog_header_json(info, fd);
449 	print_dev_json(info->ifindex, info->netns_dev, info->netns_ino);
450 
451 	if (info->load_time) {
452 		char buf[32];
453 
454 		print_boot_time(info->load_time, buf, sizeof(buf));
455 
456 		/* Piggy back on load_time, since 0 uid is a valid one */
457 		jsonw_name(json_wtr, "loaded_at");
458 		jsonw_printf(json_wtr, "%s", buf);
459 		jsonw_uint_field(json_wtr, "uid", info->created_by_uid);
460 	}
461 
462 	jsonw_uint_field(json_wtr, "bytes_xlated", info->xlated_prog_len);
463 
464 	if (info->jited_prog_len) {
465 		jsonw_bool_field(json_wtr, "jited", true);
466 		jsonw_uint_field(json_wtr, "bytes_jited", info->jited_prog_len);
467 	} else {
468 		jsonw_bool_field(json_wtr, "jited", false);
469 	}
470 
471 	memlock = get_fdinfo(fd, "memlock");
472 	if (memlock)
473 		jsonw_int_field(json_wtr, "bytes_memlock", atoll(memlock));
474 	free(memlock);
475 
476 	if (info->nr_map_ids)
477 		show_prog_maps(fd, info->nr_map_ids);
478 
479 	if (info->btf_id)
480 		jsonw_int_field(json_wtr, "btf_id", info->btf_id);
481 
482 	if (!hashmap__empty(prog_table)) {
483 		struct hashmap_entry *entry;
484 
485 		jsonw_name(json_wtr, "pinned");
486 		jsonw_start_array(json_wtr);
487 		hashmap__for_each_key_entry(prog_table, entry,
488 					    u32_as_hash_field(info->id))
489 			jsonw_string(json_wtr, entry->value);
490 		jsonw_end_array(json_wtr);
491 	}
492 
493 	emit_obj_refs_json(refs_table, info->id, json_wtr);
494 
495 	show_prog_metadata(fd, info->nr_map_ids);
496 
497 	jsonw_end_object(json_wtr);
498 }
499 
500 static void print_prog_header_plain(struct bpf_prog_info *info, int fd)
501 {
502 	const char *prog_type_str;
503 	char prog_name[MAX_PROG_FULL_NAME];
504 
505 	printf("%u: ", info->id);
506 	prog_type_str = libbpf_bpf_prog_type_str(info->type);
507 	if (prog_type_str)
508 		printf("%s  ", prog_type_str);
509 	else
510 		printf("type %u  ", info->type);
511 
512 	if (*info->name) {
513 		get_prog_full_name(info, fd, prog_name, sizeof(prog_name));
514 		printf("name %s  ", prog_name);
515 	}
516 
517 	printf("tag ");
518 	fprint_hex(stdout, info->tag, BPF_TAG_SIZE, "");
519 	print_dev_plain(info->ifindex, info->netns_dev, info->netns_ino);
520 	printf("%s", info->gpl_compatible ? "  gpl" : "");
521 	if (info->run_time_ns)
522 		printf(" run_time_ns %lld run_cnt %lld",
523 		       info->run_time_ns, info->run_cnt);
524 	if (info->recursion_misses)
525 		printf(" recursion_misses %lld", info->recursion_misses);
526 	printf("\n");
527 }
528 
529 static void print_prog_plain(struct bpf_prog_info *info, int fd)
530 {
531 	char *memlock;
532 
533 	print_prog_header_plain(info, fd);
534 
535 	if (info->load_time) {
536 		char buf[32];
537 
538 		print_boot_time(info->load_time, buf, sizeof(buf));
539 
540 		/* Piggy back on load_time, since 0 uid is a valid one */
541 		printf("\tloaded_at %s  uid %u\n", buf, info->created_by_uid);
542 	}
543 
544 	printf("\txlated %uB", info->xlated_prog_len);
545 
546 	if (info->jited_prog_len)
547 		printf("  jited %uB", info->jited_prog_len);
548 	else
549 		printf("  not jited");
550 
551 	memlock = get_fdinfo(fd, "memlock");
552 	if (memlock)
553 		printf("  memlock %sB", memlock);
554 	free(memlock);
555 
556 	if (info->nr_map_ids)
557 		show_prog_maps(fd, info->nr_map_ids);
558 
559 	if (!hashmap__empty(prog_table)) {
560 		struct hashmap_entry *entry;
561 
562 		hashmap__for_each_key_entry(prog_table, entry,
563 					    u32_as_hash_field(info->id))
564 			printf("\n\tpinned %s", (char *)entry->value);
565 	}
566 
567 	if (info->btf_id)
568 		printf("\n\tbtf_id %d", info->btf_id);
569 
570 	emit_obj_refs_plain(refs_table, info->id, "\n\tpids ");
571 
572 	printf("\n");
573 
574 	show_prog_metadata(fd, info->nr_map_ids);
575 }
576 
577 static int show_prog(int fd)
578 {
579 	struct bpf_prog_info info = {};
580 	__u32 len = sizeof(info);
581 	int err;
582 
583 	err = bpf_obj_get_info_by_fd(fd, &info, &len);
584 	if (err) {
585 		p_err("can't get prog info: %s", strerror(errno));
586 		return -1;
587 	}
588 
589 	if (json_output)
590 		print_prog_json(&info, fd);
591 	else
592 		print_prog_plain(&info, fd);
593 
594 	return 0;
595 }
596 
597 static int do_show_subset(int argc, char **argv)
598 {
599 	int *fds = NULL;
600 	int nb_fds, i;
601 	int err = -1;
602 
603 	fds = malloc(sizeof(int));
604 	if (!fds) {
605 		p_err("mem alloc failed");
606 		return -1;
607 	}
608 	nb_fds = prog_parse_fds(&argc, &argv, &fds);
609 	if (nb_fds < 1)
610 		goto exit_free;
611 
612 	if (json_output && nb_fds > 1)
613 		jsonw_start_array(json_wtr);	/* root array */
614 	for (i = 0; i < nb_fds; i++) {
615 		err = show_prog(fds[i]);
616 		if (err) {
617 			for (; i < nb_fds; i++)
618 				close(fds[i]);
619 			break;
620 		}
621 		close(fds[i]);
622 	}
623 	if (json_output && nb_fds > 1)
624 		jsonw_end_array(json_wtr);	/* root array */
625 
626 exit_free:
627 	free(fds);
628 	return err;
629 }
630 
631 static int do_show(int argc, char **argv)
632 {
633 	__u32 id = 0;
634 	int err;
635 	int fd;
636 
637 	if (show_pinned) {
638 		prog_table = hashmap__new(hash_fn_for_key_as_id,
639 					  equal_fn_for_key_as_id, NULL);
640 		if (IS_ERR(prog_table)) {
641 			p_err("failed to create hashmap for pinned paths");
642 			return -1;
643 		}
644 		build_pinned_obj_table(prog_table, BPF_OBJ_PROG);
645 	}
646 	build_obj_refs_table(&refs_table, BPF_OBJ_PROG);
647 
648 	if (argc == 2)
649 		return do_show_subset(argc, argv);
650 
651 	if (argc)
652 		return BAD_ARG();
653 
654 	if (json_output)
655 		jsonw_start_array(json_wtr);
656 	while (true) {
657 		err = bpf_prog_get_next_id(id, &id);
658 		if (err) {
659 			if (errno == ENOENT) {
660 				err = 0;
661 				break;
662 			}
663 			p_err("can't get next program: %s%s", strerror(errno),
664 			      errno == EINVAL ? " -- kernel too old?" : "");
665 			err = -1;
666 			break;
667 		}
668 
669 		fd = bpf_prog_get_fd_by_id(id);
670 		if (fd < 0) {
671 			if (errno == ENOENT)
672 				continue;
673 			p_err("can't get prog by id (%u): %s",
674 			      id, strerror(errno));
675 			err = -1;
676 			break;
677 		}
678 
679 		err = show_prog(fd);
680 		close(fd);
681 		if (err)
682 			break;
683 	}
684 
685 	if (json_output)
686 		jsonw_end_array(json_wtr);
687 
688 	delete_obj_refs_table(refs_table);
689 
690 	if (show_pinned)
691 		delete_pinned_obj_table(prog_table);
692 
693 	return err;
694 }
695 
696 static int
697 prog_dump(struct bpf_prog_info *info, enum dump_mode mode,
698 	  char *filepath, bool opcodes, bool visual, bool linum)
699 {
700 	struct bpf_prog_linfo *prog_linfo = NULL;
701 	const char *disasm_opt = NULL;
702 	struct dump_data dd = {};
703 	void *func_info = NULL;
704 	struct btf *btf = NULL;
705 	char func_sig[1024];
706 	unsigned char *buf;
707 	__u32 member_len;
708 	int fd, err = -1;
709 	ssize_t n;
710 
711 	if (mode == DUMP_JITED) {
712 		if (info->jited_prog_len == 0 || !info->jited_prog_insns) {
713 			p_info("no instructions returned");
714 			return -1;
715 		}
716 		buf = u64_to_ptr(info->jited_prog_insns);
717 		member_len = info->jited_prog_len;
718 	} else {	/* DUMP_XLATED */
719 		if (info->xlated_prog_len == 0 || !info->xlated_prog_insns) {
720 			p_err("error retrieving insn dump: kernel.kptr_restrict set?");
721 			return -1;
722 		}
723 		buf = u64_to_ptr(info->xlated_prog_insns);
724 		member_len = info->xlated_prog_len;
725 	}
726 
727 	if (info->btf_id) {
728 		btf = btf__load_from_kernel_by_id(info->btf_id);
729 		if (libbpf_get_error(btf)) {
730 			p_err("failed to get btf");
731 			return -1;
732 		}
733 	}
734 
735 	func_info = u64_to_ptr(info->func_info);
736 
737 	if (info->nr_line_info) {
738 		prog_linfo = bpf_prog_linfo__new(info);
739 		if (!prog_linfo)
740 			p_info("error in processing bpf_line_info.  continue without it.");
741 	}
742 
743 	if (filepath) {
744 		fd = open(filepath, O_WRONLY | O_CREAT | O_TRUNC, 0600);
745 		if (fd < 0) {
746 			p_err("can't open file %s: %s", filepath,
747 			      strerror(errno));
748 			goto exit_free;
749 		}
750 
751 		n = write(fd, buf, member_len);
752 		close(fd);
753 		if (n != (ssize_t)member_len) {
754 			p_err("error writing output file: %s",
755 			      n < 0 ? strerror(errno) : "short write");
756 			goto exit_free;
757 		}
758 
759 		if (json_output)
760 			jsonw_null(json_wtr);
761 	} else if (mode == DUMP_JITED) {
762 		const char *name = NULL;
763 
764 		if (info->ifindex) {
765 			name = ifindex_to_bfd_params(info->ifindex,
766 						     info->netns_dev,
767 						     info->netns_ino,
768 						     &disasm_opt);
769 			if (!name)
770 				goto exit_free;
771 		}
772 
773 		if (info->nr_jited_func_lens && info->jited_func_lens) {
774 			struct kernel_sym *sym = NULL;
775 			struct bpf_func_info *record;
776 			char sym_name[SYM_MAX_NAME];
777 			unsigned char *img = buf;
778 			__u64 *ksyms = NULL;
779 			__u32 *lens;
780 			__u32 i;
781 			if (info->nr_jited_ksyms) {
782 				kernel_syms_load(&dd);
783 				ksyms = u64_to_ptr(info->jited_ksyms);
784 			}
785 
786 			if (json_output)
787 				jsonw_start_array(json_wtr);
788 
789 			lens = u64_to_ptr(info->jited_func_lens);
790 			for (i = 0; i < info->nr_jited_func_lens; i++) {
791 				if (ksyms) {
792 					sym = kernel_syms_search(&dd, ksyms[i]);
793 					if (sym)
794 						sprintf(sym_name, "%s", sym->name);
795 					else
796 						sprintf(sym_name, "0x%016llx", ksyms[i]);
797 				} else {
798 					strcpy(sym_name, "unknown");
799 				}
800 
801 				if (func_info) {
802 					record = func_info + i * info->func_info_rec_size;
803 					btf_dumper_type_only(btf, record->type_id,
804 							     func_sig,
805 							     sizeof(func_sig));
806 				}
807 
808 				if (json_output) {
809 					jsonw_start_object(json_wtr);
810 					if (func_info && func_sig[0] != '\0') {
811 						jsonw_name(json_wtr, "proto");
812 						jsonw_string(json_wtr, func_sig);
813 					}
814 					jsonw_name(json_wtr, "name");
815 					jsonw_string(json_wtr, sym_name);
816 					jsonw_name(json_wtr, "insns");
817 				} else {
818 					if (func_info && func_sig[0] != '\0')
819 						printf("%s:\n", func_sig);
820 					printf("%s:\n", sym_name);
821 				}
822 
823 				disasm_print_insn(img, lens[i], opcodes,
824 						  name, disasm_opt, btf,
825 						  prog_linfo, ksyms[i], i,
826 						  linum);
827 
828 				img += lens[i];
829 
830 				if (json_output)
831 					jsonw_end_object(json_wtr);
832 				else
833 					printf("\n");
834 			}
835 
836 			if (json_output)
837 				jsonw_end_array(json_wtr);
838 		} else {
839 			disasm_print_insn(buf, member_len, opcodes, name,
840 					  disasm_opt, btf, NULL, 0, 0, false);
841 		}
842 	} else if (visual) {
843 		if (json_output)
844 			jsonw_null(json_wtr);
845 		else
846 			dump_xlated_cfg(buf, member_len);
847 	} else {
848 		kernel_syms_load(&dd);
849 		dd.nr_jited_ksyms = info->nr_jited_ksyms;
850 		dd.jited_ksyms = u64_to_ptr(info->jited_ksyms);
851 		dd.btf = btf;
852 		dd.func_info = func_info;
853 		dd.finfo_rec_size = info->func_info_rec_size;
854 		dd.prog_linfo = prog_linfo;
855 
856 		if (json_output)
857 			dump_xlated_json(&dd, buf, member_len, opcodes,
858 					 linum);
859 		else
860 			dump_xlated_plain(&dd, buf, member_len, opcodes,
861 					  linum);
862 		kernel_syms_destroy(&dd);
863 	}
864 
865 	err = 0;
866 
867 exit_free:
868 	btf__free(btf);
869 	bpf_prog_linfo__free(prog_linfo);
870 	return err;
871 }
872 
873 static int do_dump(int argc, char **argv)
874 {
875 	struct bpf_prog_info info;
876 	__u32 info_len = sizeof(info);
877 	size_t info_data_sz = 0;
878 	void *info_data = NULL;
879 	char *filepath = NULL;
880 	bool opcodes = false;
881 	bool visual = false;
882 	enum dump_mode mode;
883 	bool linum = false;
884 	int nb_fds, i = 0;
885 	int *fds = NULL;
886 	int err = -1;
887 
888 	if (is_prefix(*argv, "jited")) {
889 		if (disasm_init())
890 			return -1;
891 		mode = DUMP_JITED;
892 	} else if (is_prefix(*argv, "xlated")) {
893 		mode = DUMP_XLATED;
894 	} else {
895 		p_err("expected 'xlated' or 'jited', got: %s", *argv);
896 		return -1;
897 	}
898 	NEXT_ARG();
899 
900 	if (argc < 2)
901 		usage();
902 
903 	fds = malloc(sizeof(int));
904 	if (!fds) {
905 		p_err("mem alloc failed");
906 		return -1;
907 	}
908 	nb_fds = prog_parse_fds(&argc, &argv, &fds);
909 	if (nb_fds < 1)
910 		goto exit_free;
911 
912 	if (is_prefix(*argv, "file")) {
913 		NEXT_ARG();
914 		if (!argc) {
915 			p_err("expected file path");
916 			goto exit_close;
917 		}
918 		if (nb_fds > 1) {
919 			p_err("several programs matched");
920 			goto exit_close;
921 		}
922 
923 		filepath = *argv;
924 		NEXT_ARG();
925 	} else if (is_prefix(*argv, "opcodes")) {
926 		opcodes = true;
927 		NEXT_ARG();
928 	} else if (is_prefix(*argv, "visual")) {
929 		if (nb_fds > 1) {
930 			p_err("several programs matched");
931 			goto exit_close;
932 		}
933 
934 		visual = true;
935 		NEXT_ARG();
936 	} else if (is_prefix(*argv, "linum")) {
937 		linum = true;
938 		NEXT_ARG();
939 	}
940 
941 	if (argc) {
942 		usage();
943 		goto exit_close;
944 	}
945 
946 	if (json_output && nb_fds > 1)
947 		jsonw_start_array(json_wtr);	/* root array */
948 	for (i = 0; i < nb_fds; i++) {
949 		memset(&info, 0, sizeof(info));
950 
951 		err = bpf_obj_get_info_by_fd(fds[i], &info, &info_len);
952 		if (err) {
953 			p_err("can't get prog info: %s", strerror(errno));
954 			break;
955 		}
956 
957 		err = prep_prog_info(&info, mode, &info_data, &info_data_sz);
958 		if (err) {
959 			p_err("can't grow prog info_data");
960 			break;
961 		}
962 
963 		err = bpf_obj_get_info_by_fd(fds[i], &info, &info_len);
964 		if (err) {
965 			p_err("can't get prog info: %s", strerror(errno));
966 			break;
967 		}
968 
969 		if (json_output && nb_fds > 1) {
970 			jsonw_start_object(json_wtr);	/* prog object */
971 			print_prog_header_json(&info, fds[i]);
972 			jsonw_name(json_wtr, "insns");
973 		} else if (nb_fds > 1) {
974 			print_prog_header_plain(&info, fds[i]);
975 		}
976 
977 		err = prog_dump(&info, mode, filepath, opcodes, visual, linum);
978 
979 		if (json_output && nb_fds > 1)
980 			jsonw_end_object(json_wtr);	/* prog object */
981 		else if (i != nb_fds - 1 && nb_fds > 1)
982 			printf("\n");
983 
984 		if (err)
985 			break;
986 		close(fds[i]);
987 	}
988 	if (json_output && nb_fds > 1)
989 		jsonw_end_array(json_wtr);	/* root array */
990 
991 exit_close:
992 	for (; i < nb_fds; i++)
993 		close(fds[i]);
994 exit_free:
995 	free(info_data);
996 	free(fds);
997 	return err;
998 }
999 
1000 static int do_pin(int argc, char **argv)
1001 {
1002 	int err;
1003 
1004 	err = do_pin_any(argc, argv, prog_parse_fd);
1005 	if (!err && json_output)
1006 		jsonw_null(json_wtr);
1007 	return err;
1008 }
1009 
1010 struct map_replace {
1011 	int idx;
1012 	int fd;
1013 	char *name;
1014 };
1015 
1016 static int map_replace_compar(const void *p1, const void *p2)
1017 {
1018 	const struct map_replace *a = p1, *b = p2;
1019 
1020 	return a->idx - b->idx;
1021 }
1022 
1023 static int parse_attach_detach_args(int argc, char **argv, int *progfd,
1024 				    enum bpf_attach_type *attach_type,
1025 				    int *mapfd)
1026 {
1027 	if (!REQ_ARGS(3))
1028 		return -EINVAL;
1029 
1030 	*progfd = prog_parse_fd(&argc, &argv);
1031 	if (*progfd < 0)
1032 		return *progfd;
1033 
1034 	*attach_type = parse_attach_type(*argv);
1035 	if (*attach_type == __MAX_BPF_ATTACH_TYPE) {
1036 		p_err("invalid attach/detach type");
1037 		return -EINVAL;
1038 	}
1039 
1040 	if (*attach_type == BPF_FLOW_DISSECTOR) {
1041 		*mapfd = 0;
1042 		return 0;
1043 	}
1044 
1045 	NEXT_ARG();
1046 	if (!REQ_ARGS(2))
1047 		return -EINVAL;
1048 
1049 	*mapfd = map_parse_fd(&argc, &argv);
1050 	if (*mapfd < 0)
1051 		return *mapfd;
1052 
1053 	return 0;
1054 }
1055 
1056 static int do_attach(int argc, char **argv)
1057 {
1058 	enum bpf_attach_type attach_type;
1059 	int err, progfd;
1060 	int mapfd;
1061 
1062 	err = parse_attach_detach_args(argc, argv,
1063 				       &progfd, &attach_type, &mapfd);
1064 	if (err)
1065 		return err;
1066 
1067 	err = bpf_prog_attach(progfd, mapfd, attach_type, 0);
1068 	if (err) {
1069 		p_err("failed prog attach to map");
1070 		return -EINVAL;
1071 	}
1072 
1073 	if (json_output)
1074 		jsonw_null(json_wtr);
1075 	return 0;
1076 }
1077 
1078 static int do_detach(int argc, char **argv)
1079 {
1080 	enum bpf_attach_type attach_type;
1081 	int err, progfd;
1082 	int mapfd;
1083 
1084 	err = parse_attach_detach_args(argc, argv,
1085 				       &progfd, &attach_type, &mapfd);
1086 	if (err)
1087 		return err;
1088 
1089 	err = bpf_prog_detach2(progfd, mapfd, attach_type);
1090 	if (err) {
1091 		p_err("failed prog detach from map");
1092 		return -EINVAL;
1093 	}
1094 
1095 	if (json_output)
1096 		jsonw_null(json_wtr);
1097 	return 0;
1098 }
1099 
1100 static int check_single_stdin(char *file_data_in, char *file_ctx_in)
1101 {
1102 	if (file_data_in && file_ctx_in &&
1103 	    !strcmp(file_data_in, "-") && !strcmp(file_ctx_in, "-")) {
1104 		p_err("cannot use standard input for both data_in and ctx_in");
1105 		return -1;
1106 	}
1107 
1108 	return 0;
1109 }
1110 
1111 static int get_run_data(const char *fname, void **data_ptr, unsigned int *size)
1112 {
1113 	size_t block_size = 256;
1114 	size_t buf_size = block_size;
1115 	size_t nb_read = 0;
1116 	void *tmp;
1117 	FILE *f;
1118 
1119 	if (!fname) {
1120 		*data_ptr = NULL;
1121 		*size = 0;
1122 		return 0;
1123 	}
1124 
1125 	if (!strcmp(fname, "-"))
1126 		f = stdin;
1127 	else
1128 		f = fopen(fname, "r");
1129 	if (!f) {
1130 		p_err("failed to open %s: %s", fname, strerror(errno));
1131 		return -1;
1132 	}
1133 
1134 	*data_ptr = malloc(block_size);
1135 	if (!*data_ptr) {
1136 		p_err("failed to allocate memory for data_in/ctx_in: %s",
1137 		      strerror(errno));
1138 		goto err_fclose;
1139 	}
1140 
1141 	while ((nb_read += fread(*data_ptr + nb_read, 1, block_size, f))) {
1142 		if (feof(f))
1143 			break;
1144 		if (ferror(f)) {
1145 			p_err("failed to read data_in/ctx_in from %s: %s",
1146 			      fname, strerror(errno));
1147 			goto err_free;
1148 		}
1149 		if (nb_read > buf_size - block_size) {
1150 			if (buf_size == UINT32_MAX) {
1151 				p_err("data_in/ctx_in is too long (max: %d)",
1152 				      UINT32_MAX);
1153 				goto err_free;
1154 			}
1155 			/* No space for fread()-ing next chunk; realloc() */
1156 			buf_size *= 2;
1157 			tmp = realloc(*data_ptr, buf_size);
1158 			if (!tmp) {
1159 				p_err("failed to reallocate data_in/ctx_in: %s",
1160 				      strerror(errno));
1161 				goto err_free;
1162 			}
1163 			*data_ptr = tmp;
1164 		}
1165 	}
1166 	if (f != stdin)
1167 		fclose(f);
1168 
1169 	*size = nb_read;
1170 	return 0;
1171 
1172 err_free:
1173 	free(*data_ptr);
1174 	*data_ptr = NULL;
1175 err_fclose:
1176 	if (f != stdin)
1177 		fclose(f);
1178 	return -1;
1179 }
1180 
1181 static void hex_print(void *data, unsigned int size, FILE *f)
1182 {
1183 	size_t i, j;
1184 	char c;
1185 
1186 	for (i = 0; i < size; i += 16) {
1187 		/* Row offset */
1188 		fprintf(f, "%07zx\t", i);
1189 
1190 		/* Hexadecimal values */
1191 		for (j = i; j < i + 16 && j < size; j++)
1192 			fprintf(f, "%02x%s", *(uint8_t *)(data + j),
1193 				j % 2 ? " " : "");
1194 		for (; j < i + 16; j++)
1195 			fprintf(f, "  %s", j % 2 ? " " : "");
1196 
1197 		/* ASCII values (if relevant), '.' otherwise */
1198 		fprintf(f, "| ");
1199 		for (j = i; j < i + 16 && j < size; j++) {
1200 			c = *(char *)(data + j);
1201 			if (c < ' ' || c > '~')
1202 				c = '.';
1203 			fprintf(f, "%c%s", c, j == i + 7 ? " " : "");
1204 		}
1205 
1206 		fprintf(f, "\n");
1207 	}
1208 }
1209 
1210 static int
1211 print_run_output(void *data, unsigned int size, const char *fname,
1212 		 const char *json_key)
1213 {
1214 	size_t nb_written;
1215 	FILE *f;
1216 
1217 	if (!fname)
1218 		return 0;
1219 
1220 	if (!strcmp(fname, "-")) {
1221 		f = stdout;
1222 		if (json_output) {
1223 			jsonw_name(json_wtr, json_key);
1224 			print_data_json(data, size);
1225 		} else {
1226 			hex_print(data, size, f);
1227 		}
1228 		return 0;
1229 	}
1230 
1231 	f = fopen(fname, "w");
1232 	if (!f) {
1233 		p_err("failed to open %s: %s", fname, strerror(errno));
1234 		return -1;
1235 	}
1236 
1237 	nb_written = fwrite(data, 1, size, f);
1238 	fclose(f);
1239 	if (nb_written != size) {
1240 		p_err("failed to write output data/ctx: %s", strerror(errno));
1241 		return -1;
1242 	}
1243 
1244 	return 0;
1245 }
1246 
1247 static int alloc_run_data(void **data_ptr, unsigned int size_out)
1248 {
1249 	*data_ptr = calloc(size_out, 1);
1250 	if (!*data_ptr) {
1251 		p_err("failed to allocate memory for output data/ctx: %s",
1252 		      strerror(errno));
1253 		return -1;
1254 	}
1255 
1256 	return 0;
1257 }
1258 
1259 static int do_run(int argc, char **argv)
1260 {
1261 	char *data_fname_in = NULL, *data_fname_out = NULL;
1262 	char *ctx_fname_in = NULL, *ctx_fname_out = NULL;
1263 	const unsigned int default_size = SZ_32K;
1264 	void *data_in = NULL, *data_out = NULL;
1265 	void *ctx_in = NULL, *ctx_out = NULL;
1266 	unsigned int repeat = 1;
1267 	int fd, err;
1268 	LIBBPF_OPTS(bpf_test_run_opts, test_attr);
1269 
1270 	if (!REQ_ARGS(4))
1271 		return -1;
1272 
1273 	fd = prog_parse_fd(&argc, &argv);
1274 	if (fd < 0)
1275 		return -1;
1276 
1277 	while (argc) {
1278 		if (detect_common_prefix(*argv, "data_in", "data_out",
1279 					 "data_size_out", NULL))
1280 			return -1;
1281 		if (detect_common_prefix(*argv, "ctx_in", "ctx_out",
1282 					 "ctx_size_out", NULL))
1283 			return -1;
1284 
1285 		if (is_prefix(*argv, "data_in")) {
1286 			NEXT_ARG();
1287 			if (!REQ_ARGS(1))
1288 				return -1;
1289 
1290 			data_fname_in = GET_ARG();
1291 			if (check_single_stdin(data_fname_in, ctx_fname_in))
1292 				return -1;
1293 		} else if (is_prefix(*argv, "data_out")) {
1294 			NEXT_ARG();
1295 			if (!REQ_ARGS(1))
1296 				return -1;
1297 
1298 			data_fname_out = GET_ARG();
1299 		} else if (is_prefix(*argv, "data_size_out")) {
1300 			char *endptr;
1301 
1302 			NEXT_ARG();
1303 			if (!REQ_ARGS(1))
1304 				return -1;
1305 
1306 			test_attr.data_size_out = strtoul(*argv, &endptr, 0);
1307 			if (*endptr) {
1308 				p_err("can't parse %s as output data size",
1309 				      *argv);
1310 				return -1;
1311 			}
1312 			NEXT_ARG();
1313 		} else if (is_prefix(*argv, "ctx_in")) {
1314 			NEXT_ARG();
1315 			if (!REQ_ARGS(1))
1316 				return -1;
1317 
1318 			ctx_fname_in = GET_ARG();
1319 			if (check_single_stdin(data_fname_in, ctx_fname_in))
1320 				return -1;
1321 		} else if (is_prefix(*argv, "ctx_out")) {
1322 			NEXT_ARG();
1323 			if (!REQ_ARGS(1))
1324 				return -1;
1325 
1326 			ctx_fname_out = GET_ARG();
1327 		} else if (is_prefix(*argv, "ctx_size_out")) {
1328 			char *endptr;
1329 
1330 			NEXT_ARG();
1331 			if (!REQ_ARGS(1))
1332 				return -1;
1333 
1334 			test_attr.ctx_size_out = strtoul(*argv, &endptr, 0);
1335 			if (*endptr) {
1336 				p_err("can't parse %s as output context size",
1337 				      *argv);
1338 				return -1;
1339 			}
1340 			NEXT_ARG();
1341 		} else if (is_prefix(*argv, "repeat")) {
1342 			char *endptr;
1343 
1344 			NEXT_ARG();
1345 			if (!REQ_ARGS(1))
1346 				return -1;
1347 
1348 			repeat = strtoul(*argv, &endptr, 0);
1349 			if (*endptr) {
1350 				p_err("can't parse %s as repeat number",
1351 				      *argv);
1352 				return -1;
1353 			}
1354 			NEXT_ARG();
1355 		} else {
1356 			p_err("expected no more arguments, 'data_in', 'data_out', 'data_size_out', 'ctx_in', 'ctx_out', 'ctx_size_out' or 'repeat', got: '%s'?",
1357 			      *argv);
1358 			return -1;
1359 		}
1360 	}
1361 
1362 	err = get_run_data(data_fname_in, &data_in, &test_attr.data_size_in);
1363 	if (err)
1364 		return -1;
1365 
1366 	if (data_in) {
1367 		if (!test_attr.data_size_out)
1368 			test_attr.data_size_out = default_size;
1369 		err = alloc_run_data(&data_out, test_attr.data_size_out);
1370 		if (err)
1371 			goto free_data_in;
1372 	}
1373 
1374 	err = get_run_data(ctx_fname_in, &ctx_in, &test_attr.ctx_size_in);
1375 	if (err)
1376 		goto free_data_out;
1377 
1378 	if (ctx_in) {
1379 		if (!test_attr.ctx_size_out)
1380 			test_attr.ctx_size_out = default_size;
1381 		err = alloc_run_data(&ctx_out, test_attr.ctx_size_out);
1382 		if (err)
1383 			goto free_ctx_in;
1384 	}
1385 
1386 	test_attr.repeat	= repeat;
1387 	test_attr.data_in	= data_in;
1388 	test_attr.data_out	= data_out;
1389 	test_attr.ctx_in	= ctx_in;
1390 	test_attr.ctx_out	= ctx_out;
1391 
1392 	err = bpf_prog_test_run_opts(fd, &test_attr);
1393 	if (err) {
1394 		p_err("failed to run program: %s", strerror(errno));
1395 		goto free_ctx_out;
1396 	}
1397 
1398 	err = 0;
1399 
1400 	if (json_output)
1401 		jsonw_start_object(json_wtr);	/* root */
1402 
1403 	/* Do not exit on errors occurring when printing output data/context,
1404 	 * we still want to print return value and duration for program run.
1405 	 */
1406 	if (test_attr.data_size_out)
1407 		err += print_run_output(test_attr.data_out,
1408 					test_attr.data_size_out,
1409 					data_fname_out, "data_out");
1410 	if (test_attr.ctx_size_out)
1411 		err += print_run_output(test_attr.ctx_out,
1412 					test_attr.ctx_size_out,
1413 					ctx_fname_out, "ctx_out");
1414 
1415 	if (json_output) {
1416 		jsonw_uint_field(json_wtr, "retval", test_attr.retval);
1417 		jsonw_uint_field(json_wtr, "duration", test_attr.duration);
1418 		jsonw_end_object(json_wtr);	/* root */
1419 	} else {
1420 		fprintf(stdout, "Return value: %u, duration%s: %uns\n",
1421 			test_attr.retval,
1422 			repeat > 1 ? " (average)" : "", test_attr.duration);
1423 	}
1424 
1425 free_ctx_out:
1426 	free(ctx_out);
1427 free_ctx_in:
1428 	free(ctx_in);
1429 free_data_out:
1430 	free(data_out);
1431 free_data_in:
1432 	free(data_in);
1433 
1434 	return err;
1435 }
1436 
1437 static int
1438 get_prog_type_by_name(const char *name, enum bpf_prog_type *prog_type,
1439 		      enum bpf_attach_type *expected_attach_type)
1440 {
1441 	libbpf_print_fn_t print_backup;
1442 	int ret;
1443 
1444 	ret = libbpf_prog_type_by_name(name, prog_type, expected_attach_type);
1445 	if (!ret)
1446 		return ret;
1447 
1448 	/* libbpf_prog_type_by_name() failed, let's re-run with debug level */
1449 	print_backup = libbpf_set_print(print_all_levels);
1450 	ret = libbpf_prog_type_by_name(name, prog_type, expected_attach_type);
1451 	libbpf_set_print(print_backup);
1452 
1453 	return ret;
1454 }
1455 
1456 static int
1457 auto_attach_program(struct bpf_program *prog, const char *path)
1458 {
1459 	struct bpf_link *link;
1460 	int err;
1461 
1462 	link = bpf_program__attach(prog);
1463 	if (!link) {
1464 		p_info("Program %s does not support autoattach, falling back to pinning",
1465 		       bpf_program__name(prog));
1466 		return bpf_obj_pin(bpf_program__fd(prog), path);
1467 	}
1468 
1469 	err = bpf_link__pin(link, path);
1470 	bpf_link__destroy(link);
1471 	return err;
1472 }
1473 
1474 static int pathname_concat(char *buf, size_t buf_sz, const char *path, const char *name)
1475 {
1476 	int len;
1477 
1478 	len = snprintf(buf, buf_sz, "%s/%s", path, name);
1479 	if (len < 0)
1480 		return -EINVAL;
1481 	if ((size_t)len >= buf_sz)
1482 		return -ENAMETOOLONG;
1483 
1484 	return 0;
1485 }
1486 
1487 static int
1488 auto_attach_programs(struct bpf_object *obj, const char *path)
1489 {
1490 	struct bpf_program *prog;
1491 	char buf[PATH_MAX];
1492 	int err;
1493 
1494 	bpf_object__for_each_program(prog, obj) {
1495 		err = pathname_concat(buf, sizeof(buf), path, bpf_program__name(prog));
1496 		if (err)
1497 			goto err_unpin_programs;
1498 
1499 		err = auto_attach_program(prog, buf);
1500 		if (err)
1501 			goto err_unpin_programs;
1502 	}
1503 
1504 	return 0;
1505 
1506 err_unpin_programs:
1507 	while ((prog = bpf_object__prev_program(obj, prog))) {
1508 		if (pathname_concat(buf, sizeof(buf), path, bpf_program__name(prog)))
1509 			continue;
1510 
1511 		bpf_program__unpin(prog, buf);
1512 	}
1513 
1514 	return err;
1515 }
1516 
1517 static int load_with_options(int argc, char **argv, bool first_prog_only)
1518 {
1519 	enum bpf_prog_type common_prog_type = BPF_PROG_TYPE_UNSPEC;
1520 	DECLARE_LIBBPF_OPTS(bpf_object_open_opts, open_opts,
1521 		.relaxed_maps = relaxed_maps,
1522 	);
1523 	enum bpf_attach_type expected_attach_type;
1524 	struct map_replace *map_replace = NULL;
1525 	struct bpf_program *prog = NULL, *pos;
1526 	unsigned int old_map_fds = 0;
1527 	const char *pinmaps = NULL;
1528 	bool auto_attach = false;
1529 	struct bpf_object *obj;
1530 	struct bpf_map *map;
1531 	const char *pinfile;
1532 	unsigned int i, j;
1533 	__u32 ifindex = 0;
1534 	const char *file;
1535 	int idx, err;
1536 
1537 
1538 	if (!REQ_ARGS(2))
1539 		return -1;
1540 	file = GET_ARG();
1541 	pinfile = GET_ARG();
1542 
1543 	while (argc) {
1544 		if (is_prefix(*argv, "type")) {
1545 			NEXT_ARG();
1546 
1547 			if (common_prog_type != BPF_PROG_TYPE_UNSPEC) {
1548 				p_err("program type already specified");
1549 				goto err_free_reuse_maps;
1550 			}
1551 			if (!REQ_ARGS(1))
1552 				goto err_free_reuse_maps;
1553 
1554 			err = libbpf_prog_type_by_name(*argv, &common_prog_type,
1555 						       &expected_attach_type);
1556 			if (err < 0) {
1557 				/* Put a '/' at the end of type to appease libbpf */
1558 				char *type = malloc(strlen(*argv) + 2);
1559 
1560 				if (!type) {
1561 					p_err("mem alloc failed");
1562 					goto err_free_reuse_maps;
1563 				}
1564 				*type = 0;
1565 				strcat(type, *argv);
1566 				strcat(type, "/");
1567 
1568 				err = get_prog_type_by_name(type, &common_prog_type,
1569 							    &expected_attach_type);
1570 				free(type);
1571 				if (err < 0)
1572 					goto err_free_reuse_maps;
1573 			}
1574 
1575 			NEXT_ARG();
1576 		} else if (is_prefix(*argv, "map")) {
1577 			void *new_map_replace;
1578 			char *endptr, *name;
1579 			int fd;
1580 
1581 			NEXT_ARG();
1582 
1583 			if (!REQ_ARGS(4))
1584 				goto err_free_reuse_maps;
1585 
1586 			if (is_prefix(*argv, "idx")) {
1587 				NEXT_ARG();
1588 
1589 				idx = strtoul(*argv, &endptr, 0);
1590 				if (*endptr) {
1591 					p_err("can't parse %s as IDX", *argv);
1592 					goto err_free_reuse_maps;
1593 				}
1594 				name = NULL;
1595 			} else if (is_prefix(*argv, "name")) {
1596 				NEXT_ARG();
1597 
1598 				name = *argv;
1599 				idx = -1;
1600 			} else {
1601 				p_err("expected 'idx' or 'name', got: '%s'?",
1602 				      *argv);
1603 				goto err_free_reuse_maps;
1604 			}
1605 			NEXT_ARG();
1606 
1607 			fd = map_parse_fd(&argc, &argv);
1608 			if (fd < 0)
1609 				goto err_free_reuse_maps;
1610 
1611 			new_map_replace = libbpf_reallocarray(map_replace,
1612 							      old_map_fds + 1,
1613 							      sizeof(*map_replace));
1614 			if (!new_map_replace) {
1615 				p_err("mem alloc failed");
1616 				goto err_free_reuse_maps;
1617 			}
1618 			map_replace = new_map_replace;
1619 
1620 			map_replace[old_map_fds].idx = idx;
1621 			map_replace[old_map_fds].name = name;
1622 			map_replace[old_map_fds].fd = fd;
1623 			old_map_fds++;
1624 		} else if (is_prefix(*argv, "dev")) {
1625 			NEXT_ARG();
1626 
1627 			if (ifindex) {
1628 				p_err("offload device already specified");
1629 				goto err_free_reuse_maps;
1630 			}
1631 			if (!REQ_ARGS(1))
1632 				goto err_free_reuse_maps;
1633 
1634 			ifindex = if_nametoindex(*argv);
1635 			if (!ifindex) {
1636 				p_err("unrecognized netdevice '%s': %s",
1637 				      *argv, strerror(errno));
1638 				goto err_free_reuse_maps;
1639 			}
1640 			NEXT_ARG();
1641 		} else if (is_prefix(*argv, "pinmaps")) {
1642 			NEXT_ARG();
1643 
1644 			if (!REQ_ARGS(1))
1645 				goto err_free_reuse_maps;
1646 
1647 			pinmaps = GET_ARG();
1648 		} else if (is_prefix(*argv, "autoattach")) {
1649 			auto_attach = true;
1650 			NEXT_ARG();
1651 		} else {
1652 			p_err("expected no more arguments, 'type', 'map' or 'dev', got: '%s'?",
1653 			      *argv);
1654 			goto err_free_reuse_maps;
1655 		}
1656 	}
1657 
1658 	set_max_rlimit();
1659 
1660 	if (verifier_logs)
1661 		/* log_level1 + log_level2 + stats, but not stable UAPI */
1662 		open_opts.kernel_log_level = 1 + 2 + 4;
1663 
1664 	obj = bpf_object__open_file(file, &open_opts);
1665 	if (libbpf_get_error(obj)) {
1666 		p_err("failed to open object file");
1667 		goto err_free_reuse_maps;
1668 	}
1669 
1670 	bpf_object__for_each_program(pos, obj) {
1671 		enum bpf_prog_type prog_type = common_prog_type;
1672 
1673 		if (prog_type == BPF_PROG_TYPE_UNSPEC) {
1674 			const char *sec_name = bpf_program__section_name(pos);
1675 
1676 			err = get_prog_type_by_name(sec_name, &prog_type,
1677 						    &expected_attach_type);
1678 			if (err < 0)
1679 				goto err_close_obj;
1680 		}
1681 
1682 		bpf_program__set_ifindex(pos, ifindex);
1683 		bpf_program__set_type(pos, prog_type);
1684 		bpf_program__set_expected_attach_type(pos, expected_attach_type);
1685 	}
1686 
1687 	qsort(map_replace, old_map_fds, sizeof(*map_replace),
1688 	      map_replace_compar);
1689 
1690 	/* After the sort maps by name will be first on the list, because they
1691 	 * have idx == -1.  Resolve them.
1692 	 */
1693 	j = 0;
1694 	while (j < old_map_fds && map_replace[j].name) {
1695 		i = 0;
1696 		bpf_object__for_each_map(map, obj) {
1697 			if (!strcmp(bpf_map__name(map), map_replace[j].name)) {
1698 				map_replace[j].idx = i;
1699 				break;
1700 			}
1701 			i++;
1702 		}
1703 		if (map_replace[j].idx == -1) {
1704 			p_err("unable to find map '%s'", map_replace[j].name);
1705 			goto err_close_obj;
1706 		}
1707 		j++;
1708 	}
1709 	/* Resort if any names were resolved */
1710 	if (j)
1711 		qsort(map_replace, old_map_fds, sizeof(*map_replace),
1712 		      map_replace_compar);
1713 
1714 	/* Set ifindex and name reuse */
1715 	j = 0;
1716 	idx = 0;
1717 	bpf_object__for_each_map(map, obj) {
1718 		if (bpf_map__type(map) != BPF_MAP_TYPE_PERF_EVENT_ARRAY)
1719 			bpf_map__set_ifindex(map, ifindex);
1720 
1721 		if (j < old_map_fds && idx == map_replace[j].idx) {
1722 			err = bpf_map__reuse_fd(map, map_replace[j++].fd);
1723 			if (err) {
1724 				p_err("unable to set up map reuse: %d", err);
1725 				goto err_close_obj;
1726 			}
1727 
1728 			/* Next reuse wants to apply to the same map */
1729 			if (j < old_map_fds && map_replace[j].idx == idx) {
1730 				p_err("replacement for map idx %d specified more than once",
1731 				      idx);
1732 				goto err_close_obj;
1733 			}
1734 		}
1735 
1736 		idx++;
1737 	}
1738 	if (j < old_map_fds) {
1739 		p_err("map idx '%d' not used", map_replace[j].idx);
1740 		goto err_close_obj;
1741 	}
1742 
1743 	err = bpf_object__load(obj);
1744 	if (err) {
1745 		p_err("failed to load object file");
1746 		goto err_close_obj;
1747 	}
1748 
1749 	err = mount_bpffs_for_pin(pinfile);
1750 	if (err)
1751 		goto err_close_obj;
1752 
1753 	if (first_prog_only) {
1754 		prog = bpf_object__next_program(obj, NULL);
1755 		if (!prog) {
1756 			p_err("object file doesn't contain any bpf program");
1757 			goto err_close_obj;
1758 		}
1759 
1760 		if (auto_attach)
1761 			err = auto_attach_program(prog, pinfile);
1762 		else
1763 			err = bpf_obj_pin(bpf_program__fd(prog), pinfile);
1764 		if (err) {
1765 			p_err("failed to pin program %s",
1766 			      bpf_program__section_name(prog));
1767 			goto err_close_obj;
1768 		}
1769 	} else {
1770 		if (auto_attach)
1771 			err = auto_attach_programs(obj, pinfile);
1772 		else
1773 			err = bpf_object__pin_programs(obj, pinfile);
1774 		if (err) {
1775 			p_err("failed to pin all programs");
1776 			goto err_close_obj;
1777 		}
1778 	}
1779 
1780 	if (pinmaps) {
1781 		err = bpf_object__pin_maps(obj, pinmaps);
1782 		if (err) {
1783 			p_err("failed to pin all maps");
1784 			goto err_unpin;
1785 		}
1786 	}
1787 
1788 	if (json_output)
1789 		jsonw_null(json_wtr);
1790 
1791 	bpf_object__close(obj);
1792 	for (i = 0; i < old_map_fds; i++)
1793 		close(map_replace[i].fd);
1794 	free(map_replace);
1795 
1796 	return 0;
1797 
1798 err_unpin:
1799 	if (first_prog_only)
1800 		unlink(pinfile);
1801 	else
1802 		bpf_object__unpin_programs(obj, pinfile);
1803 err_close_obj:
1804 	if (!legacy_libbpf) {
1805 		p_info("Warning: bpftool is now running in libbpf strict mode and has more stringent requirements about BPF programs.\n"
1806 		       "If it used to work for this object file but now doesn't, see --legacy option for more details.\n");
1807 	}
1808 
1809 	bpf_object__close(obj);
1810 err_free_reuse_maps:
1811 	for (i = 0; i < old_map_fds; i++)
1812 		close(map_replace[i].fd);
1813 	free(map_replace);
1814 	return -1;
1815 }
1816 
1817 static int count_open_fds(void)
1818 {
1819 	DIR *dp = opendir("/proc/self/fd");
1820 	struct dirent *de;
1821 	int cnt = -3;
1822 
1823 	if (!dp)
1824 		return -1;
1825 
1826 	while ((de = readdir(dp)))
1827 		cnt++;
1828 
1829 	closedir(dp);
1830 	return cnt;
1831 }
1832 
1833 static int try_loader(struct gen_loader_opts *gen)
1834 {
1835 	struct bpf_load_and_run_opts opts = {};
1836 	struct bpf_loader_ctx *ctx;
1837 	int ctx_sz = sizeof(*ctx) + 64 * max(sizeof(struct bpf_map_desc),
1838 					     sizeof(struct bpf_prog_desc));
1839 	int log_buf_sz = (1u << 24) - 1;
1840 	int err, fds_before, fd_delta;
1841 	char *log_buf = NULL;
1842 
1843 	ctx = alloca(ctx_sz);
1844 	memset(ctx, 0, ctx_sz);
1845 	ctx->sz = ctx_sz;
1846 	if (verifier_logs) {
1847 		ctx->log_level = 1 + 2 + 4;
1848 		ctx->log_size = log_buf_sz;
1849 		log_buf = malloc(log_buf_sz);
1850 		if (!log_buf)
1851 			return -ENOMEM;
1852 		ctx->log_buf = (long) log_buf;
1853 	}
1854 	opts.ctx = ctx;
1855 	opts.data = gen->data;
1856 	opts.data_sz = gen->data_sz;
1857 	opts.insns = gen->insns;
1858 	opts.insns_sz = gen->insns_sz;
1859 	fds_before = count_open_fds();
1860 	err = bpf_load_and_run(&opts);
1861 	fd_delta = count_open_fds() - fds_before;
1862 	if (err < 0 || verifier_logs) {
1863 		fprintf(stderr, "err %d\n%s\n%s", err, opts.errstr, log_buf);
1864 		if (fd_delta && err < 0)
1865 			fprintf(stderr, "loader prog leaked %d FDs\n",
1866 				fd_delta);
1867 	}
1868 	free(log_buf);
1869 	return err;
1870 }
1871 
1872 static int do_loader(int argc, char **argv)
1873 {
1874 	DECLARE_LIBBPF_OPTS(bpf_object_open_opts, open_opts);
1875 	DECLARE_LIBBPF_OPTS(gen_loader_opts, gen);
1876 	struct bpf_object *obj;
1877 	const char *file;
1878 	int err = 0;
1879 
1880 	if (!REQ_ARGS(1))
1881 		return -1;
1882 	file = GET_ARG();
1883 
1884 	if (verifier_logs)
1885 		/* log_level1 + log_level2 + stats, but not stable UAPI */
1886 		open_opts.kernel_log_level = 1 + 2 + 4;
1887 
1888 	obj = bpf_object__open_file(file, &open_opts);
1889 	if (libbpf_get_error(obj)) {
1890 		p_err("failed to open object file");
1891 		goto err_close_obj;
1892 	}
1893 
1894 	err = bpf_object__gen_loader(obj, &gen);
1895 	if (err)
1896 		goto err_close_obj;
1897 
1898 	err = bpf_object__load(obj);
1899 	if (err) {
1900 		p_err("failed to load object file");
1901 		goto err_close_obj;
1902 	}
1903 
1904 	if (verifier_logs) {
1905 		struct dump_data dd = {};
1906 
1907 		kernel_syms_load(&dd);
1908 		dump_xlated_plain(&dd, (void *)gen.insns, gen.insns_sz, false, false);
1909 		kernel_syms_destroy(&dd);
1910 	}
1911 	err = try_loader(&gen);
1912 err_close_obj:
1913 	bpf_object__close(obj);
1914 	return err;
1915 }
1916 
1917 static int do_load(int argc, char **argv)
1918 {
1919 	if (use_loader)
1920 		return do_loader(argc, argv);
1921 	return load_with_options(argc, argv, true);
1922 }
1923 
1924 static int do_loadall(int argc, char **argv)
1925 {
1926 	return load_with_options(argc, argv, false);
1927 }
1928 
1929 #ifdef BPFTOOL_WITHOUT_SKELETONS
1930 
1931 static int do_profile(int argc, char **argv)
1932 {
1933 	p_err("bpftool prog profile command is not supported. Please build bpftool with clang >= 10.0.0");
1934 	return 0;
1935 }
1936 
1937 #else /* BPFTOOL_WITHOUT_SKELETONS */
1938 
1939 #include "profiler.skel.h"
1940 
1941 struct profile_metric {
1942 	const char *name;
1943 	struct bpf_perf_event_value val;
1944 	struct perf_event_attr attr;
1945 	bool selected;
1946 
1947 	/* calculate ratios like instructions per cycle */
1948 	const int ratio_metric; /* 0 for N/A, 1 for index 0 (cycles) */
1949 	const char *ratio_desc;
1950 	const float ratio_mul;
1951 } metrics[] = {
1952 	{
1953 		.name = "cycles",
1954 		.attr = {
1955 			.type = PERF_TYPE_HARDWARE,
1956 			.config = PERF_COUNT_HW_CPU_CYCLES,
1957 			.exclude_user = 1,
1958 		},
1959 	},
1960 	{
1961 		.name = "instructions",
1962 		.attr = {
1963 			.type = PERF_TYPE_HARDWARE,
1964 			.config = PERF_COUNT_HW_INSTRUCTIONS,
1965 			.exclude_user = 1,
1966 		},
1967 		.ratio_metric = 1,
1968 		.ratio_desc = "insns per cycle",
1969 		.ratio_mul = 1.0,
1970 	},
1971 	{
1972 		.name = "l1d_loads",
1973 		.attr = {
1974 			.type = PERF_TYPE_HW_CACHE,
1975 			.config =
1976 				PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_L1D |
1977 				(PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_OP_READ << 8) |
1978 				(PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_RESULT_ACCESS << 16),
1979 			.exclude_user = 1,
1980 		},
1981 	},
1982 	{
1983 		.name = "llc_misses",
1984 		.attr = {
1985 			.type = PERF_TYPE_HW_CACHE,
1986 			.config =
1987 				PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_LL |
1988 				(PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_OP_READ << 8) |
1989 				(PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_RESULT_MISS << 16),
1990 			.exclude_user = 1
1991 		},
1992 		.ratio_metric = 2,
1993 		.ratio_desc = "LLC misses per million insns",
1994 		.ratio_mul = 1e6,
1995 	},
1996 	{
1997 		.name = "itlb_misses",
1998 		.attr = {
1999 			.type = PERF_TYPE_HW_CACHE,
2000 			.config =
2001 				PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_ITLB |
2002 				(PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_OP_READ << 8) |
2003 				(PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_RESULT_MISS << 16),
2004 			.exclude_user = 1
2005 		},
2006 		.ratio_metric = 2,
2007 		.ratio_desc = "itlb misses per million insns",
2008 		.ratio_mul = 1e6,
2009 	},
2010 	{
2011 		.name = "dtlb_misses",
2012 		.attr = {
2013 			.type = PERF_TYPE_HW_CACHE,
2014 			.config =
2015 				PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_DTLB |
2016 				(PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_OP_READ << 8) |
2017 				(PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_RESULT_MISS << 16),
2018 			.exclude_user = 1
2019 		},
2020 		.ratio_metric = 2,
2021 		.ratio_desc = "dtlb misses per million insns",
2022 		.ratio_mul = 1e6,
2023 	},
2024 };
2025 
2026 static __u64 profile_total_count;
2027 
2028 #define MAX_NUM_PROFILE_METRICS 4
2029 
2030 static int profile_parse_metrics(int argc, char **argv)
2031 {
2032 	unsigned int metric_cnt;
2033 	int selected_cnt = 0;
2034 	unsigned int i;
2035 
2036 	metric_cnt = ARRAY_SIZE(metrics);
2037 
2038 	while (argc > 0) {
2039 		for (i = 0; i < metric_cnt; i++) {
2040 			if (is_prefix(argv[0], metrics[i].name)) {
2041 				if (!metrics[i].selected)
2042 					selected_cnt++;
2043 				metrics[i].selected = true;
2044 				break;
2045 			}
2046 		}
2047 		if (i == metric_cnt) {
2048 			p_err("unknown metric %s", argv[0]);
2049 			return -1;
2050 		}
2051 		NEXT_ARG();
2052 	}
2053 	if (selected_cnt > MAX_NUM_PROFILE_METRICS) {
2054 		p_err("too many (%d) metrics, please specify no more than %d metrics at at time",
2055 		      selected_cnt, MAX_NUM_PROFILE_METRICS);
2056 		return -1;
2057 	}
2058 	return selected_cnt;
2059 }
2060 
2061 static void profile_read_values(struct profiler_bpf *obj)
2062 {
2063 	__u32 m, cpu, num_cpu = obj->rodata->num_cpu;
2064 	int reading_map_fd, count_map_fd;
2065 	__u64 counts[num_cpu];
2066 	__u32 key = 0;
2067 	int err;
2068 
2069 	reading_map_fd = bpf_map__fd(obj->maps.accum_readings);
2070 	count_map_fd = bpf_map__fd(obj->maps.counts);
2071 	if (reading_map_fd < 0 || count_map_fd < 0) {
2072 		p_err("failed to get fd for map");
2073 		return;
2074 	}
2075 
2076 	err = bpf_map_lookup_elem(count_map_fd, &key, counts);
2077 	if (err) {
2078 		p_err("failed to read count_map: %s", strerror(errno));
2079 		return;
2080 	}
2081 
2082 	profile_total_count = 0;
2083 	for (cpu = 0; cpu < num_cpu; cpu++)
2084 		profile_total_count += counts[cpu];
2085 
2086 	for (m = 0; m < ARRAY_SIZE(metrics); m++) {
2087 		struct bpf_perf_event_value values[num_cpu];
2088 
2089 		if (!metrics[m].selected)
2090 			continue;
2091 
2092 		err = bpf_map_lookup_elem(reading_map_fd, &key, values);
2093 		if (err) {
2094 			p_err("failed to read reading_map: %s",
2095 			      strerror(errno));
2096 			return;
2097 		}
2098 		for (cpu = 0; cpu < num_cpu; cpu++) {
2099 			metrics[m].val.counter += values[cpu].counter;
2100 			metrics[m].val.enabled += values[cpu].enabled;
2101 			metrics[m].val.running += values[cpu].running;
2102 		}
2103 		key++;
2104 	}
2105 }
2106 
2107 static void profile_print_readings_json(void)
2108 {
2109 	__u32 m;
2110 
2111 	jsonw_start_array(json_wtr);
2112 	for (m = 0; m < ARRAY_SIZE(metrics); m++) {
2113 		if (!metrics[m].selected)
2114 			continue;
2115 		jsonw_start_object(json_wtr);
2116 		jsonw_string_field(json_wtr, "metric", metrics[m].name);
2117 		jsonw_lluint_field(json_wtr, "run_cnt", profile_total_count);
2118 		jsonw_lluint_field(json_wtr, "value", metrics[m].val.counter);
2119 		jsonw_lluint_field(json_wtr, "enabled", metrics[m].val.enabled);
2120 		jsonw_lluint_field(json_wtr, "running", metrics[m].val.running);
2121 
2122 		jsonw_end_object(json_wtr);
2123 	}
2124 	jsonw_end_array(json_wtr);
2125 }
2126 
2127 static void profile_print_readings_plain(void)
2128 {
2129 	__u32 m;
2130 
2131 	printf("\n%18llu %-20s\n", profile_total_count, "run_cnt");
2132 	for (m = 0; m < ARRAY_SIZE(metrics); m++) {
2133 		struct bpf_perf_event_value *val = &metrics[m].val;
2134 		int r;
2135 
2136 		if (!metrics[m].selected)
2137 			continue;
2138 		printf("%18llu %-20s", val->counter, metrics[m].name);
2139 
2140 		r = metrics[m].ratio_metric - 1;
2141 		if (r >= 0 && metrics[r].selected &&
2142 		    metrics[r].val.counter > 0) {
2143 			printf("# %8.2f %-30s",
2144 			       val->counter * metrics[m].ratio_mul /
2145 			       metrics[r].val.counter,
2146 			       metrics[m].ratio_desc);
2147 		} else {
2148 			printf("%-41s", "");
2149 		}
2150 
2151 		if (val->enabled > val->running)
2152 			printf("(%4.2f%%)",
2153 			       val->running * 100.0 / val->enabled);
2154 		printf("\n");
2155 	}
2156 }
2157 
2158 static void profile_print_readings(void)
2159 {
2160 	if (json_output)
2161 		profile_print_readings_json();
2162 	else
2163 		profile_print_readings_plain();
2164 }
2165 
2166 static char *profile_target_name(int tgt_fd)
2167 {
2168 	struct bpf_func_info func_info;
2169 	struct bpf_prog_info info = {};
2170 	__u32 info_len = sizeof(info);
2171 	const struct btf_type *t;
2172 	__u32 func_info_rec_size;
2173 	struct btf *btf = NULL;
2174 	char *name = NULL;
2175 	int err;
2176 
2177 	err = bpf_obj_get_info_by_fd(tgt_fd, &info, &info_len);
2178 	if (err) {
2179 		p_err("failed to bpf_obj_get_info_by_fd for prog FD %d", tgt_fd);
2180 		goto out;
2181 	}
2182 
2183 	if (info.btf_id == 0) {
2184 		p_err("prog FD %d doesn't have valid btf", tgt_fd);
2185 		goto out;
2186 	}
2187 
2188 	func_info_rec_size = info.func_info_rec_size;
2189 	if (info.nr_func_info == 0) {
2190 		p_err("bpf_obj_get_info_by_fd for prog FD %d found 0 func_info", tgt_fd);
2191 		goto out;
2192 	}
2193 
2194 	memset(&info, 0, sizeof(info));
2195 	info.nr_func_info = 1;
2196 	info.func_info_rec_size = func_info_rec_size;
2197 	info.func_info = ptr_to_u64(&func_info);
2198 
2199 	err = bpf_obj_get_info_by_fd(tgt_fd, &info, &info_len);
2200 	if (err) {
2201 		p_err("failed to get func_info for prog FD %d", tgt_fd);
2202 		goto out;
2203 	}
2204 
2205 	btf = btf__load_from_kernel_by_id(info.btf_id);
2206 	if (libbpf_get_error(btf)) {
2207 		p_err("failed to load btf for prog FD %d", tgt_fd);
2208 		goto out;
2209 	}
2210 
2211 	t = btf__type_by_id(btf, func_info.type_id);
2212 	if (!t) {
2213 		p_err("btf %d doesn't have type %d",
2214 		      info.btf_id, func_info.type_id);
2215 		goto out;
2216 	}
2217 	name = strdup(btf__name_by_offset(btf, t->name_off));
2218 out:
2219 	btf__free(btf);
2220 	return name;
2221 }
2222 
2223 static struct profiler_bpf *profile_obj;
2224 static int profile_tgt_fd = -1;
2225 static char *profile_tgt_name;
2226 static int *profile_perf_events;
2227 static int profile_perf_event_cnt;
2228 
2229 static void profile_close_perf_events(struct profiler_bpf *obj)
2230 {
2231 	int i;
2232 
2233 	for (i = profile_perf_event_cnt - 1; i >= 0; i--)
2234 		close(profile_perf_events[i]);
2235 
2236 	free(profile_perf_events);
2237 	profile_perf_event_cnt = 0;
2238 }
2239 
2240 static int profile_open_perf_events(struct profiler_bpf *obj)
2241 {
2242 	unsigned int cpu, m;
2243 	int map_fd, pmu_fd;
2244 
2245 	profile_perf_events = calloc(
2246 		sizeof(int), obj->rodata->num_cpu * obj->rodata->num_metric);
2247 	if (!profile_perf_events) {
2248 		p_err("failed to allocate memory for perf_event array: %s",
2249 		      strerror(errno));
2250 		return -1;
2251 	}
2252 	map_fd = bpf_map__fd(obj->maps.events);
2253 	if (map_fd < 0) {
2254 		p_err("failed to get fd for events map");
2255 		return -1;
2256 	}
2257 
2258 	for (m = 0; m < ARRAY_SIZE(metrics); m++) {
2259 		if (!metrics[m].selected)
2260 			continue;
2261 		for (cpu = 0; cpu < obj->rodata->num_cpu; cpu++) {
2262 			pmu_fd = syscall(__NR_perf_event_open, &metrics[m].attr,
2263 					 -1/*pid*/, cpu, -1/*group_fd*/, 0);
2264 			if (pmu_fd < 0 ||
2265 			    bpf_map_update_elem(map_fd, &profile_perf_event_cnt,
2266 						&pmu_fd, BPF_ANY) ||
2267 			    ioctl(pmu_fd, PERF_EVENT_IOC_ENABLE, 0)) {
2268 				p_err("failed to create event %s on cpu %d",
2269 				      metrics[m].name, cpu);
2270 				return -1;
2271 			}
2272 			profile_perf_events[profile_perf_event_cnt++] = pmu_fd;
2273 		}
2274 	}
2275 	return 0;
2276 }
2277 
2278 static void profile_print_and_cleanup(void)
2279 {
2280 	profile_close_perf_events(profile_obj);
2281 	profile_read_values(profile_obj);
2282 	profile_print_readings();
2283 	profiler_bpf__destroy(profile_obj);
2284 
2285 	close(profile_tgt_fd);
2286 	free(profile_tgt_name);
2287 }
2288 
2289 static void int_exit(int signo)
2290 {
2291 	profile_print_and_cleanup();
2292 	exit(0);
2293 }
2294 
2295 static int do_profile(int argc, char **argv)
2296 {
2297 	int num_metric, num_cpu, err = -1;
2298 	struct bpf_program *prog;
2299 	unsigned long duration;
2300 	char *endptr;
2301 
2302 	/* we at least need two args for the prog and one metric */
2303 	if (!REQ_ARGS(3))
2304 		return -EINVAL;
2305 
2306 	/* parse target fd */
2307 	profile_tgt_fd = prog_parse_fd(&argc, &argv);
2308 	if (profile_tgt_fd < 0) {
2309 		p_err("failed to parse fd");
2310 		return -1;
2311 	}
2312 
2313 	/* parse profiling optional duration */
2314 	if (argc > 2 && is_prefix(argv[0], "duration")) {
2315 		NEXT_ARG();
2316 		duration = strtoul(*argv, &endptr, 0);
2317 		if (*endptr)
2318 			usage();
2319 		NEXT_ARG();
2320 	} else {
2321 		duration = UINT_MAX;
2322 	}
2323 
2324 	num_metric = profile_parse_metrics(argc, argv);
2325 	if (num_metric <= 0)
2326 		goto out;
2327 
2328 	num_cpu = libbpf_num_possible_cpus();
2329 	if (num_cpu <= 0) {
2330 		p_err("failed to identify number of CPUs");
2331 		goto out;
2332 	}
2333 
2334 	profile_obj = profiler_bpf__open();
2335 	if (!profile_obj) {
2336 		p_err("failed to open and/or load BPF object");
2337 		goto out;
2338 	}
2339 
2340 	profile_obj->rodata->num_cpu = num_cpu;
2341 	profile_obj->rodata->num_metric = num_metric;
2342 
2343 	/* adjust map sizes */
2344 	bpf_map__set_max_entries(profile_obj->maps.events, num_metric * num_cpu);
2345 	bpf_map__set_max_entries(profile_obj->maps.fentry_readings, num_metric);
2346 	bpf_map__set_max_entries(profile_obj->maps.accum_readings, num_metric);
2347 	bpf_map__set_max_entries(profile_obj->maps.counts, 1);
2348 
2349 	/* change target name */
2350 	profile_tgt_name = profile_target_name(profile_tgt_fd);
2351 	if (!profile_tgt_name)
2352 		goto out;
2353 
2354 	bpf_object__for_each_program(prog, profile_obj->obj) {
2355 		err = bpf_program__set_attach_target(prog, profile_tgt_fd,
2356 						     profile_tgt_name);
2357 		if (err) {
2358 			p_err("failed to set attach target\n");
2359 			goto out;
2360 		}
2361 	}
2362 
2363 	set_max_rlimit();
2364 	err = profiler_bpf__load(profile_obj);
2365 	if (err) {
2366 		p_err("failed to load profile_obj");
2367 		goto out;
2368 	}
2369 
2370 	err = profile_open_perf_events(profile_obj);
2371 	if (err)
2372 		goto out;
2373 
2374 	err = profiler_bpf__attach(profile_obj);
2375 	if (err) {
2376 		p_err("failed to attach profile_obj");
2377 		goto out;
2378 	}
2379 	signal(SIGINT, int_exit);
2380 
2381 	sleep(duration);
2382 	profile_print_and_cleanup();
2383 	return 0;
2384 
2385 out:
2386 	profile_close_perf_events(profile_obj);
2387 	if (profile_obj)
2388 		profiler_bpf__destroy(profile_obj);
2389 	close(profile_tgt_fd);
2390 	free(profile_tgt_name);
2391 	return err;
2392 }
2393 
2394 #endif /* BPFTOOL_WITHOUT_SKELETONS */
2395 
2396 static int do_help(int argc, char **argv)
2397 {
2398 	if (json_output) {
2399 		jsonw_null(json_wtr);
2400 		return 0;
2401 	}
2402 
2403 	fprintf(stderr,
2404 		"Usage: %1$s %2$s { show | list } [PROG]\n"
2405 		"       %1$s %2$s dump xlated PROG [{ file FILE | opcodes | visual | linum }]\n"
2406 		"       %1$s %2$s dump jited  PROG [{ file FILE | opcodes | linum }]\n"
2407 		"       %1$s %2$s pin   PROG FILE\n"
2408 		"       %1$s %2$s { load | loadall } OBJ  PATH \\\n"
2409 		"                         [type TYPE] [dev NAME] \\\n"
2410 		"                         [map { idx IDX | name NAME } MAP]\\\n"
2411 		"                         [pinmaps MAP_DIR]\n"
2412 		"                         [autoattach]\n"
2413 		"       %1$s %2$s attach PROG ATTACH_TYPE [MAP]\n"
2414 		"       %1$s %2$s detach PROG ATTACH_TYPE [MAP]\n"
2415 		"       %1$s %2$s run PROG \\\n"
2416 		"                         data_in FILE \\\n"
2417 		"                         [data_out FILE [data_size_out L]] \\\n"
2418 		"                         [ctx_in FILE [ctx_out FILE [ctx_size_out M]]] \\\n"
2419 		"                         [repeat N]\n"
2420 		"       %1$s %2$s profile PROG [duration DURATION] METRICs\n"
2421 		"       %1$s %2$s tracelog\n"
2422 		"       %1$s %2$s help\n"
2423 		"\n"
2424 		"       " HELP_SPEC_MAP "\n"
2425 		"       " HELP_SPEC_PROGRAM "\n"
2426 		"       TYPE := { socket | kprobe | kretprobe | classifier | action |\n"
2427 		"                 tracepoint | raw_tracepoint | xdp | perf_event | cgroup/skb |\n"
2428 		"                 cgroup/sock | cgroup/dev | lwt_in | lwt_out | lwt_xmit |\n"
2429 		"                 lwt_seg6local | sockops | sk_skb | sk_msg | lirc_mode2 |\n"
2430 		"                 sk_reuseport | flow_dissector | cgroup/sysctl |\n"
2431 		"                 cgroup/bind4 | cgroup/bind6 | cgroup/post_bind4 |\n"
2432 		"                 cgroup/post_bind6 | cgroup/connect4 | cgroup/connect6 |\n"
2433 		"                 cgroup/getpeername4 | cgroup/getpeername6 |\n"
2434 		"                 cgroup/getsockname4 | cgroup/getsockname6 | cgroup/sendmsg4 |\n"
2435 		"                 cgroup/sendmsg6 | cgroup/recvmsg4 | cgroup/recvmsg6 |\n"
2436 		"                 cgroup/getsockopt | cgroup/setsockopt | cgroup/sock_release |\n"
2437 		"                 struct_ops | fentry | fexit | freplace | sk_lookup }\n"
2438 		"       ATTACH_TYPE := { sk_msg_verdict | sk_skb_verdict | sk_skb_stream_verdict |\n"
2439 		"                        sk_skb_stream_parser | flow_dissector }\n"
2440 		"       METRIC := { cycles | instructions | l1d_loads | llc_misses | itlb_misses | dtlb_misses }\n"
2441 		"       " HELP_SPEC_OPTIONS " |\n"
2442 		"                    {-f|--bpffs} | {-m|--mapcompat} | {-n|--nomount} |\n"
2443 		"                    {-L|--use-loader} }\n"
2444 		"",
2445 		bin_name, argv[-2]);
2446 
2447 	return 0;
2448 }
2449 
2450 static const struct cmd cmds[] = {
2451 	{ "show",	do_show },
2452 	{ "list",	do_show },
2453 	{ "help",	do_help },
2454 	{ "dump",	do_dump },
2455 	{ "pin",	do_pin },
2456 	{ "load",	do_load },
2457 	{ "loadall",	do_loadall },
2458 	{ "attach",	do_attach },
2459 	{ "detach",	do_detach },
2460 	{ "tracelog",	do_tracelog },
2461 	{ "run",	do_run },
2462 	{ "profile",	do_profile },
2463 	{ 0 }
2464 };
2465 
2466 int do_prog(int argc, char **argv)
2467 {
2468 	return cmd_select(cmds, argc, argv, do_help);
2469 }
2470