xref: /linux/sound/usb/midi.c (revision c895f6f703ad7dd2f99e751d9884b0aa5d0eea25)
1 /*
2  * usbmidi.c - ALSA USB MIDI driver
3  *
4  * Copyright (c) 2002-2009 Clemens Ladisch
5  * All rights reserved.
6  *
7  * Based on the OSS usb-midi driver by NAGANO Daisuke,
8  *          NetBSD's umidi driver by Takuya SHIOZAKI,
9  *          the "USB Device Class Definition for MIDI Devices" by Roland
10  *
11  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
12  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
13  * are met:
14  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
15  *    notice, this list of conditions, and the following disclaimer,
16  *    without modification.
17  * 2. The name of the author may not be used to endorse or promote products
18  *    derived from this software without specific prior written permission.
19  *
20  * Alternatively, this software may be distributed and/or modified under the
21  * terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software
22  * Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your option) any later
23  * version.
24  *
25  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
26  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
27  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
28  * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR
29  * ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
30  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
31  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
32  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
33  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
34  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
35  * SUCH DAMAGE.
36  */
37 
38 #include <linux/kernel.h>
39 #include <linux/types.h>
40 #include <linux/bitops.h>
41 #include <linux/interrupt.h>
42 #include <linux/spinlock.h>
43 #include <linux/string.h>
44 #include <linux/init.h>
45 #include <linux/slab.h>
46 #include <linux/timer.h>
47 #include <linux/usb.h>
48 #include <linux/wait.h>
49 #include <linux/usb/audio.h>
50 #include <linux/module.h>
51 
52 #include <sound/core.h>
53 #include <sound/control.h>
54 #include <sound/rawmidi.h>
55 #include <sound/asequencer.h>
56 #include "usbaudio.h"
57 #include "midi.h"
58 #include "power.h"
59 #include "helper.h"
60 
61 /*
62  * define this to log all USB packets
63  */
64 /* #define DUMP_PACKETS */
65 
66 /*
67  * how long to wait after some USB errors, so that hub_wq can disconnect() us
68  * without too many spurious errors
69  */
70 #define ERROR_DELAY_JIFFIES (HZ / 10)
71 
72 #define OUTPUT_URBS 7
73 #define INPUT_URBS 7
74 
75 
76 MODULE_AUTHOR("Clemens Ladisch <clemens@ladisch.de>");
77 MODULE_DESCRIPTION("USB Audio/MIDI helper module");
78 MODULE_LICENSE("Dual BSD/GPL");
79 
80 
81 struct usb_ms_header_descriptor {
82 	__u8  bLength;
83 	__u8  bDescriptorType;
84 	__u8  bDescriptorSubtype;
85 	__u8  bcdMSC[2];
86 	__le16 wTotalLength;
87 } __attribute__ ((packed));
88 
89 struct usb_ms_endpoint_descriptor {
90 	__u8  bLength;
91 	__u8  bDescriptorType;
92 	__u8  bDescriptorSubtype;
93 	__u8  bNumEmbMIDIJack;
94 	__u8  baAssocJackID[0];
95 } __attribute__ ((packed));
96 
97 struct snd_usb_midi_in_endpoint;
98 struct snd_usb_midi_out_endpoint;
99 struct snd_usb_midi_endpoint;
100 
101 struct usb_protocol_ops {
102 	void (*input)(struct snd_usb_midi_in_endpoint*, uint8_t*, int);
103 	void (*output)(struct snd_usb_midi_out_endpoint *ep, struct urb *urb);
104 	void (*output_packet)(struct urb*, uint8_t, uint8_t, uint8_t, uint8_t);
105 	void (*init_out_endpoint)(struct snd_usb_midi_out_endpoint *);
106 	void (*finish_out_endpoint)(struct snd_usb_midi_out_endpoint *);
107 };
108 
109 struct snd_usb_midi {
110 	struct usb_device *dev;
111 	struct snd_card *card;
112 	struct usb_interface *iface;
113 	const struct snd_usb_audio_quirk *quirk;
114 	struct snd_rawmidi *rmidi;
115 	const struct usb_protocol_ops *usb_protocol_ops;
116 	struct list_head list;
117 	struct timer_list error_timer;
118 	spinlock_t disc_lock;
119 	struct rw_semaphore disc_rwsem;
120 	struct mutex mutex;
121 	u32 usb_id;
122 	int next_midi_device;
123 
124 	struct snd_usb_midi_endpoint {
125 		struct snd_usb_midi_out_endpoint *out;
126 		struct snd_usb_midi_in_endpoint *in;
127 	} endpoints[MIDI_MAX_ENDPOINTS];
128 	unsigned long input_triggered;
129 	unsigned int opened[2];
130 	unsigned char disconnected;
131 	unsigned char input_running;
132 
133 	struct snd_kcontrol *roland_load_ctl;
134 };
135 
136 struct snd_usb_midi_out_endpoint {
137 	struct snd_usb_midi *umidi;
138 	struct out_urb_context {
139 		struct urb *urb;
140 		struct snd_usb_midi_out_endpoint *ep;
141 	} urbs[OUTPUT_URBS];
142 	unsigned int active_urbs;
143 	unsigned int drain_urbs;
144 	int max_transfer;		/* size of urb buffer */
145 	struct tasklet_struct tasklet;
146 	unsigned int next_urb;
147 	spinlock_t buffer_lock;
148 
149 	struct usbmidi_out_port {
150 		struct snd_usb_midi_out_endpoint *ep;
151 		struct snd_rawmidi_substream *substream;
152 		int active;
153 		uint8_t cable;		/* cable number << 4 */
154 		uint8_t state;
155 #define STATE_UNKNOWN	0
156 #define STATE_1PARAM	1
157 #define STATE_2PARAM_1	2
158 #define STATE_2PARAM_2	3
159 #define STATE_SYSEX_0	4
160 #define STATE_SYSEX_1	5
161 #define STATE_SYSEX_2	6
162 		uint8_t data[2];
163 	} ports[0x10];
164 	int current_port;
165 
166 	wait_queue_head_t drain_wait;
167 };
168 
169 struct snd_usb_midi_in_endpoint {
170 	struct snd_usb_midi *umidi;
171 	struct urb *urbs[INPUT_URBS];
172 	struct usbmidi_in_port {
173 		struct snd_rawmidi_substream *substream;
174 		u8 running_status_length;
175 	} ports[0x10];
176 	u8 seen_f5;
177 	bool in_sysex;
178 	u8 last_cin;
179 	u8 error_resubmit;
180 	int current_port;
181 };
182 
183 static void snd_usbmidi_do_output(struct snd_usb_midi_out_endpoint *ep);
184 
185 static const uint8_t snd_usbmidi_cin_length[] = {
186 	0, 0, 2, 3, 3, 1, 2, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 2, 2, 3, 1
187 };
188 
189 /*
190  * Submits the URB, with error handling.
191  */
192 static int snd_usbmidi_submit_urb(struct urb *urb, gfp_t flags)
193 {
194 	int err = usb_submit_urb(urb, flags);
195 	if (err < 0 && err != -ENODEV)
196 		dev_err(&urb->dev->dev, "usb_submit_urb: %d\n", err);
197 	return err;
198 }
199 
200 /*
201  * Error handling for URB completion functions.
202  */
203 static int snd_usbmidi_urb_error(const struct urb *urb)
204 {
205 	switch (urb->status) {
206 	/* manually unlinked, or device gone */
207 	case -ENOENT:
208 	case -ECONNRESET:
209 	case -ESHUTDOWN:
210 	case -ENODEV:
211 		return -ENODEV;
212 	/* errors that might occur during unplugging */
213 	case -EPROTO:
214 	case -ETIME:
215 	case -EILSEQ:
216 		return -EIO;
217 	default:
218 		dev_err(&urb->dev->dev, "urb status %d\n", urb->status);
219 		return 0; /* continue */
220 	}
221 }
222 
223 /*
224  * Receives a chunk of MIDI data.
225  */
226 static void snd_usbmidi_input_data(struct snd_usb_midi_in_endpoint *ep,
227 				   int portidx, uint8_t *data, int length)
228 {
229 	struct usbmidi_in_port *port = &ep->ports[portidx];
230 
231 	if (!port->substream) {
232 		dev_dbg(&ep->umidi->dev->dev, "unexpected port %d!\n", portidx);
233 		return;
234 	}
235 	if (!test_bit(port->substream->number, &ep->umidi->input_triggered))
236 		return;
237 	snd_rawmidi_receive(port->substream, data, length);
238 }
239 
240 #ifdef DUMP_PACKETS
241 static void dump_urb(const char *type, const u8 *data, int length)
242 {
243 	snd_printk(KERN_DEBUG "%s packet: [", type);
244 	for (; length > 0; ++data, --length)
245 		printk(KERN_CONT " %02x", *data);
246 	printk(KERN_CONT " ]\n");
247 }
248 #else
249 #define dump_urb(type, data, length) /* nothing */
250 #endif
251 
252 /*
253  * Processes the data read from the device.
254  */
255 static void snd_usbmidi_in_urb_complete(struct urb *urb)
256 {
257 	struct snd_usb_midi_in_endpoint *ep = urb->context;
258 
259 	if (urb->status == 0) {
260 		dump_urb("received", urb->transfer_buffer, urb->actual_length);
261 		ep->umidi->usb_protocol_ops->input(ep, urb->transfer_buffer,
262 						   urb->actual_length);
263 	} else {
264 		int err = snd_usbmidi_urb_error(urb);
265 		if (err < 0) {
266 			if (err != -ENODEV) {
267 				ep->error_resubmit = 1;
268 				mod_timer(&ep->umidi->error_timer,
269 					  jiffies + ERROR_DELAY_JIFFIES);
270 			}
271 			return;
272 		}
273 	}
274 
275 	urb->dev = ep->umidi->dev;
276 	snd_usbmidi_submit_urb(urb, GFP_ATOMIC);
277 }
278 
279 static void snd_usbmidi_out_urb_complete(struct urb *urb)
280 {
281 	struct out_urb_context *context = urb->context;
282 	struct snd_usb_midi_out_endpoint *ep = context->ep;
283 	unsigned int urb_index;
284 
285 	spin_lock(&ep->buffer_lock);
286 	urb_index = context - ep->urbs;
287 	ep->active_urbs &= ~(1 << urb_index);
288 	if (unlikely(ep->drain_urbs)) {
289 		ep->drain_urbs &= ~(1 << urb_index);
290 		wake_up(&ep->drain_wait);
291 	}
292 	spin_unlock(&ep->buffer_lock);
293 	if (urb->status < 0) {
294 		int err = snd_usbmidi_urb_error(urb);
295 		if (err < 0) {
296 			if (err != -ENODEV)
297 				mod_timer(&ep->umidi->error_timer,
298 					  jiffies + ERROR_DELAY_JIFFIES);
299 			return;
300 		}
301 	}
302 	snd_usbmidi_do_output(ep);
303 }
304 
305 /*
306  * This is called when some data should be transferred to the device
307  * (from one or more substreams).
308  */
309 static void snd_usbmidi_do_output(struct snd_usb_midi_out_endpoint *ep)
310 {
311 	unsigned int urb_index;
312 	struct urb *urb;
313 	unsigned long flags;
314 
315 	spin_lock_irqsave(&ep->buffer_lock, flags);
316 	if (ep->umidi->disconnected) {
317 		spin_unlock_irqrestore(&ep->buffer_lock, flags);
318 		return;
319 	}
320 
321 	urb_index = ep->next_urb;
322 	for (;;) {
323 		if (!(ep->active_urbs & (1 << urb_index))) {
324 			urb = ep->urbs[urb_index].urb;
325 			urb->transfer_buffer_length = 0;
326 			ep->umidi->usb_protocol_ops->output(ep, urb);
327 			if (urb->transfer_buffer_length == 0)
328 				break;
329 
330 			dump_urb("sending", urb->transfer_buffer,
331 				 urb->transfer_buffer_length);
332 			urb->dev = ep->umidi->dev;
333 			if (snd_usbmidi_submit_urb(urb, GFP_ATOMIC) < 0)
334 				break;
335 			ep->active_urbs |= 1 << urb_index;
336 		}
337 		if (++urb_index >= OUTPUT_URBS)
338 			urb_index = 0;
339 		if (urb_index == ep->next_urb)
340 			break;
341 	}
342 	ep->next_urb = urb_index;
343 	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&ep->buffer_lock, flags);
344 }
345 
346 static void snd_usbmidi_out_tasklet(unsigned long data)
347 {
348 	struct snd_usb_midi_out_endpoint *ep =
349 		(struct snd_usb_midi_out_endpoint *) data;
350 
351 	snd_usbmidi_do_output(ep);
352 }
353 
354 /* called after transfers had been interrupted due to some USB error */
355 static void snd_usbmidi_error_timer(struct timer_list *t)
356 {
357 	struct snd_usb_midi *umidi = from_timer(umidi, t, error_timer);
358 	unsigned int i, j;
359 
360 	spin_lock(&umidi->disc_lock);
361 	if (umidi->disconnected) {
362 		spin_unlock(&umidi->disc_lock);
363 		return;
364 	}
365 	for (i = 0; i < MIDI_MAX_ENDPOINTS; ++i) {
366 		struct snd_usb_midi_in_endpoint *in = umidi->endpoints[i].in;
367 		if (in && in->error_resubmit) {
368 			in->error_resubmit = 0;
369 			for (j = 0; j < INPUT_URBS; ++j) {
370 				if (atomic_read(&in->urbs[j]->use_count))
371 					continue;
372 				in->urbs[j]->dev = umidi->dev;
373 				snd_usbmidi_submit_urb(in->urbs[j], GFP_ATOMIC);
374 			}
375 		}
376 		if (umidi->endpoints[i].out)
377 			snd_usbmidi_do_output(umidi->endpoints[i].out);
378 	}
379 	spin_unlock(&umidi->disc_lock);
380 }
381 
382 /* helper function to send static data that may not DMA-able */
383 static int send_bulk_static_data(struct snd_usb_midi_out_endpoint *ep,
384 				 const void *data, int len)
385 {
386 	int err = 0;
387 	void *buf = kmemdup(data, len, GFP_KERNEL);
388 	if (!buf)
389 		return -ENOMEM;
390 	dump_urb("sending", buf, len);
391 	if (ep->urbs[0].urb)
392 		err = usb_bulk_msg(ep->umidi->dev, ep->urbs[0].urb->pipe,
393 				   buf, len, NULL, 250);
394 	kfree(buf);
395 	return err;
396 }
397 
398 /*
399  * Standard USB MIDI protocol: see the spec.
400  * Midiman protocol: like the standard protocol, but the control byte is the
401  * fourth byte in each packet, and uses length instead of CIN.
402  */
403 
404 static void snd_usbmidi_standard_input(struct snd_usb_midi_in_endpoint *ep,
405 				       uint8_t *buffer, int buffer_length)
406 {
407 	int i;
408 
409 	for (i = 0; i + 3 < buffer_length; i += 4)
410 		if (buffer[i] != 0) {
411 			int cable = buffer[i] >> 4;
412 			int length = snd_usbmidi_cin_length[buffer[i] & 0x0f];
413 			snd_usbmidi_input_data(ep, cable, &buffer[i + 1],
414 					       length);
415 		}
416 }
417 
418 static void snd_usbmidi_midiman_input(struct snd_usb_midi_in_endpoint *ep,
419 				      uint8_t *buffer, int buffer_length)
420 {
421 	int i;
422 
423 	for (i = 0; i + 3 < buffer_length; i += 4)
424 		if (buffer[i + 3] != 0) {
425 			int port = buffer[i + 3] >> 4;
426 			int length = buffer[i + 3] & 3;
427 			snd_usbmidi_input_data(ep, port, &buffer[i], length);
428 		}
429 }
430 
431 /*
432  * Buggy M-Audio device: running status on input results in a packet that has
433  * the data bytes but not the status byte and that is marked with CIN 4.
434  */
435 static void snd_usbmidi_maudio_broken_running_status_input(
436 					struct snd_usb_midi_in_endpoint *ep,
437 					uint8_t *buffer, int buffer_length)
438 {
439 	int i;
440 
441 	for (i = 0; i + 3 < buffer_length; i += 4)
442 		if (buffer[i] != 0) {
443 			int cable = buffer[i] >> 4;
444 			u8 cin = buffer[i] & 0x0f;
445 			struct usbmidi_in_port *port = &ep->ports[cable];
446 			int length;
447 
448 			length = snd_usbmidi_cin_length[cin];
449 			if (cin == 0xf && buffer[i + 1] >= 0xf8)
450 				; /* realtime msg: no running status change */
451 			else if (cin >= 0x8 && cin <= 0xe)
452 				/* channel msg */
453 				port->running_status_length = length - 1;
454 			else if (cin == 0x4 &&
455 				 port->running_status_length != 0 &&
456 				 buffer[i + 1] < 0x80)
457 				/* CIN 4 that is not a SysEx */
458 				length = port->running_status_length;
459 			else
460 				/*
461 				 * All other msgs cannot begin running status.
462 				 * (A channel msg sent as two or three CIN 0xF
463 				 * packets could in theory, but this device
464 				 * doesn't use this format.)
465 				 */
466 				port->running_status_length = 0;
467 			snd_usbmidi_input_data(ep, cable, &buffer[i + 1],
468 					       length);
469 		}
470 }
471 
472 /*
473  * QinHeng CH345 is buggy: every second packet inside a SysEx has not CIN 4
474  * but the previously seen CIN, but still with three data bytes.
475  */
476 static void ch345_broken_sysex_input(struct snd_usb_midi_in_endpoint *ep,
477 				     uint8_t *buffer, int buffer_length)
478 {
479 	unsigned int i, cin, length;
480 
481 	for (i = 0; i + 3 < buffer_length; i += 4) {
482 		if (buffer[i] == 0 && i > 0)
483 			break;
484 		cin = buffer[i] & 0x0f;
485 		if (ep->in_sysex &&
486 		    cin == ep->last_cin &&
487 		    (buffer[i + 1 + (cin == 0x6)] & 0x80) == 0)
488 			cin = 0x4;
489 #if 0
490 		if (buffer[i + 1] == 0x90) {
491 			/*
492 			 * Either a corrupted running status or a real note-on
493 			 * message; impossible to detect reliably.
494 			 */
495 		}
496 #endif
497 		length = snd_usbmidi_cin_length[cin];
498 		snd_usbmidi_input_data(ep, 0, &buffer[i + 1], length);
499 		ep->in_sysex = cin == 0x4;
500 		if (!ep->in_sysex)
501 			ep->last_cin = cin;
502 	}
503 }
504 
505 /*
506  * CME protocol: like the standard protocol, but SysEx commands are sent as a
507  * single USB packet preceded by a 0x0F byte.
508  */
509 static void snd_usbmidi_cme_input(struct snd_usb_midi_in_endpoint *ep,
510 				  uint8_t *buffer, int buffer_length)
511 {
512 	if (buffer_length < 2 || (buffer[0] & 0x0f) != 0x0f)
513 		snd_usbmidi_standard_input(ep, buffer, buffer_length);
514 	else
515 		snd_usbmidi_input_data(ep, buffer[0] >> 4,
516 				       &buffer[1], buffer_length - 1);
517 }
518 
519 /*
520  * Adds one USB MIDI packet to the output buffer.
521  */
522 static void snd_usbmidi_output_standard_packet(struct urb *urb, uint8_t p0,
523 					       uint8_t p1, uint8_t p2,
524 					       uint8_t p3)
525 {
526 
527 	uint8_t *buf =
528 		(uint8_t *)urb->transfer_buffer + urb->transfer_buffer_length;
529 	buf[0] = p0;
530 	buf[1] = p1;
531 	buf[2] = p2;
532 	buf[3] = p3;
533 	urb->transfer_buffer_length += 4;
534 }
535 
536 /*
537  * Adds one Midiman packet to the output buffer.
538  */
539 static void snd_usbmidi_output_midiman_packet(struct urb *urb, uint8_t p0,
540 					      uint8_t p1, uint8_t p2,
541 					      uint8_t p3)
542 {
543 
544 	uint8_t *buf =
545 		(uint8_t *)urb->transfer_buffer + urb->transfer_buffer_length;
546 	buf[0] = p1;
547 	buf[1] = p2;
548 	buf[2] = p3;
549 	buf[3] = (p0 & 0xf0) | snd_usbmidi_cin_length[p0 & 0x0f];
550 	urb->transfer_buffer_length += 4;
551 }
552 
553 /*
554  * Converts MIDI commands to USB MIDI packets.
555  */
556 static void snd_usbmidi_transmit_byte(struct usbmidi_out_port *port,
557 				      uint8_t b, struct urb *urb)
558 {
559 	uint8_t p0 = port->cable;
560 	void (*output_packet)(struct urb*, uint8_t, uint8_t, uint8_t, uint8_t) =
561 		port->ep->umidi->usb_protocol_ops->output_packet;
562 
563 	if (b >= 0xf8) {
564 		output_packet(urb, p0 | 0x0f, b, 0, 0);
565 	} else if (b >= 0xf0) {
566 		switch (b) {
567 		case 0xf0:
568 			port->data[0] = b;
569 			port->state = STATE_SYSEX_1;
570 			break;
571 		case 0xf1:
572 		case 0xf3:
573 			port->data[0] = b;
574 			port->state = STATE_1PARAM;
575 			break;
576 		case 0xf2:
577 			port->data[0] = b;
578 			port->state = STATE_2PARAM_1;
579 			break;
580 		case 0xf4:
581 		case 0xf5:
582 			port->state = STATE_UNKNOWN;
583 			break;
584 		case 0xf6:
585 			output_packet(urb, p0 | 0x05, 0xf6, 0, 0);
586 			port->state = STATE_UNKNOWN;
587 			break;
588 		case 0xf7:
589 			switch (port->state) {
590 			case STATE_SYSEX_0:
591 				output_packet(urb, p0 | 0x05, 0xf7, 0, 0);
592 				break;
593 			case STATE_SYSEX_1:
594 				output_packet(urb, p0 | 0x06, port->data[0],
595 					      0xf7, 0);
596 				break;
597 			case STATE_SYSEX_2:
598 				output_packet(urb, p0 | 0x07, port->data[0],
599 					      port->data[1], 0xf7);
600 				break;
601 			}
602 			port->state = STATE_UNKNOWN;
603 			break;
604 		}
605 	} else if (b >= 0x80) {
606 		port->data[0] = b;
607 		if (b >= 0xc0 && b <= 0xdf)
608 			port->state = STATE_1PARAM;
609 		else
610 			port->state = STATE_2PARAM_1;
611 	} else { /* b < 0x80 */
612 		switch (port->state) {
613 		case STATE_1PARAM:
614 			if (port->data[0] < 0xf0) {
615 				p0 |= port->data[0] >> 4;
616 			} else {
617 				p0 |= 0x02;
618 				port->state = STATE_UNKNOWN;
619 			}
620 			output_packet(urb, p0, port->data[0], b, 0);
621 			break;
622 		case STATE_2PARAM_1:
623 			port->data[1] = b;
624 			port->state = STATE_2PARAM_2;
625 			break;
626 		case STATE_2PARAM_2:
627 			if (port->data[0] < 0xf0) {
628 				p0 |= port->data[0] >> 4;
629 				port->state = STATE_2PARAM_1;
630 			} else {
631 				p0 |= 0x03;
632 				port->state = STATE_UNKNOWN;
633 			}
634 			output_packet(urb, p0, port->data[0], port->data[1], b);
635 			break;
636 		case STATE_SYSEX_0:
637 			port->data[0] = b;
638 			port->state = STATE_SYSEX_1;
639 			break;
640 		case STATE_SYSEX_1:
641 			port->data[1] = b;
642 			port->state = STATE_SYSEX_2;
643 			break;
644 		case STATE_SYSEX_2:
645 			output_packet(urb, p0 | 0x04, port->data[0],
646 				      port->data[1], b);
647 			port->state = STATE_SYSEX_0;
648 			break;
649 		}
650 	}
651 }
652 
653 static void snd_usbmidi_standard_output(struct snd_usb_midi_out_endpoint *ep,
654 					struct urb *urb)
655 {
656 	int p;
657 
658 	/* FIXME: lower-numbered ports can starve higher-numbered ports */
659 	for (p = 0; p < 0x10; ++p) {
660 		struct usbmidi_out_port *port = &ep->ports[p];
661 		if (!port->active)
662 			continue;
663 		while (urb->transfer_buffer_length + 3 < ep->max_transfer) {
664 			uint8_t b;
665 			if (snd_rawmidi_transmit(port->substream, &b, 1) != 1) {
666 				port->active = 0;
667 				break;
668 			}
669 			snd_usbmidi_transmit_byte(port, b, urb);
670 		}
671 	}
672 }
673 
674 static const struct usb_protocol_ops snd_usbmidi_standard_ops = {
675 	.input = snd_usbmidi_standard_input,
676 	.output = snd_usbmidi_standard_output,
677 	.output_packet = snd_usbmidi_output_standard_packet,
678 };
679 
680 static const struct usb_protocol_ops snd_usbmidi_midiman_ops = {
681 	.input = snd_usbmidi_midiman_input,
682 	.output = snd_usbmidi_standard_output,
683 	.output_packet = snd_usbmidi_output_midiman_packet,
684 };
685 
686 static const
687 struct usb_protocol_ops snd_usbmidi_maudio_broken_running_status_ops = {
688 	.input = snd_usbmidi_maudio_broken_running_status_input,
689 	.output = snd_usbmidi_standard_output,
690 	.output_packet = snd_usbmidi_output_standard_packet,
691 };
692 
693 static const struct usb_protocol_ops snd_usbmidi_cme_ops = {
694 	.input = snd_usbmidi_cme_input,
695 	.output = snd_usbmidi_standard_output,
696 	.output_packet = snd_usbmidi_output_standard_packet,
697 };
698 
699 static const struct usb_protocol_ops snd_usbmidi_ch345_broken_sysex_ops = {
700 	.input = ch345_broken_sysex_input,
701 	.output = snd_usbmidi_standard_output,
702 	.output_packet = snd_usbmidi_output_standard_packet,
703 };
704 
705 /*
706  * AKAI MPD16 protocol:
707  *
708  * For control port (endpoint 1):
709  * ==============================
710  * One or more chunks consisting of first byte of (0x10 | msg_len) and then a
711  * SysEx message (msg_len=9 bytes long).
712  *
713  * For data port (endpoint 2):
714  * ===========================
715  * One or more chunks consisting of first byte of (0x20 | msg_len) and then a
716  * MIDI message (msg_len bytes long)
717  *
718  * Messages sent: Active Sense, Note On, Poly Pressure, Control Change.
719  */
720 static void snd_usbmidi_akai_input(struct snd_usb_midi_in_endpoint *ep,
721 				   uint8_t *buffer, int buffer_length)
722 {
723 	unsigned int pos = 0;
724 	unsigned int len = (unsigned int)buffer_length;
725 	while (pos < len) {
726 		unsigned int port = (buffer[pos] >> 4) - 1;
727 		unsigned int msg_len = buffer[pos] & 0x0f;
728 		pos++;
729 		if (pos + msg_len <= len && port < 2)
730 			snd_usbmidi_input_data(ep, 0, &buffer[pos], msg_len);
731 		pos += msg_len;
732 	}
733 }
734 
735 #define MAX_AKAI_SYSEX_LEN 9
736 
737 static void snd_usbmidi_akai_output(struct snd_usb_midi_out_endpoint *ep,
738 				    struct urb *urb)
739 {
740 	uint8_t *msg;
741 	int pos, end, count, buf_end;
742 	uint8_t tmp[MAX_AKAI_SYSEX_LEN];
743 	struct snd_rawmidi_substream *substream = ep->ports[0].substream;
744 
745 	if (!ep->ports[0].active)
746 		return;
747 
748 	msg = urb->transfer_buffer + urb->transfer_buffer_length;
749 	buf_end = ep->max_transfer - MAX_AKAI_SYSEX_LEN - 1;
750 
751 	/* only try adding more data when there's space for at least 1 SysEx */
752 	while (urb->transfer_buffer_length < buf_end) {
753 		count = snd_rawmidi_transmit_peek(substream,
754 						  tmp, MAX_AKAI_SYSEX_LEN);
755 		if (!count) {
756 			ep->ports[0].active = 0;
757 			return;
758 		}
759 		/* try to skip non-SysEx data */
760 		for (pos = 0; pos < count && tmp[pos] != 0xF0; pos++)
761 			;
762 
763 		if (pos > 0) {
764 			snd_rawmidi_transmit_ack(substream, pos);
765 			continue;
766 		}
767 
768 		/* look for the start or end marker */
769 		for (end = 1; end < count && tmp[end] < 0xF0; end++)
770 			;
771 
772 		/* next SysEx started before the end of current one */
773 		if (end < count && tmp[end] == 0xF0) {
774 			/* it's incomplete - drop it */
775 			snd_rawmidi_transmit_ack(substream, end);
776 			continue;
777 		}
778 		/* SysEx complete */
779 		if (end < count && tmp[end] == 0xF7) {
780 			/* queue it, ack it, and get the next one */
781 			count = end + 1;
782 			msg[0] = 0x10 | count;
783 			memcpy(&msg[1], tmp, count);
784 			snd_rawmidi_transmit_ack(substream, count);
785 			urb->transfer_buffer_length += count + 1;
786 			msg += count + 1;
787 			continue;
788 		}
789 		/* less than 9 bytes and no end byte - wait for more */
790 		if (count < MAX_AKAI_SYSEX_LEN) {
791 			ep->ports[0].active = 0;
792 			return;
793 		}
794 		/* 9 bytes and no end marker in sight - malformed, skip it */
795 		snd_rawmidi_transmit_ack(substream, count);
796 	}
797 }
798 
799 static const struct usb_protocol_ops snd_usbmidi_akai_ops = {
800 	.input = snd_usbmidi_akai_input,
801 	.output = snd_usbmidi_akai_output,
802 };
803 
804 /*
805  * Novation USB MIDI protocol: number of data bytes is in the first byte
806  * (when receiving) (+1!) or in the second byte (when sending); data begins
807  * at the third byte.
808  */
809 
810 static void snd_usbmidi_novation_input(struct snd_usb_midi_in_endpoint *ep,
811 				       uint8_t *buffer, int buffer_length)
812 {
813 	if (buffer_length < 2 || !buffer[0] || buffer_length < buffer[0] + 1)
814 		return;
815 	snd_usbmidi_input_data(ep, 0, &buffer[2], buffer[0] - 1);
816 }
817 
818 static void snd_usbmidi_novation_output(struct snd_usb_midi_out_endpoint *ep,
819 					struct urb *urb)
820 {
821 	uint8_t *transfer_buffer;
822 	int count;
823 
824 	if (!ep->ports[0].active)
825 		return;
826 	transfer_buffer = urb->transfer_buffer;
827 	count = snd_rawmidi_transmit(ep->ports[0].substream,
828 				     &transfer_buffer[2],
829 				     ep->max_transfer - 2);
830 	if (count < 1) {
831 		ep->ports[0].active = 0;
832 		return;
833 	}
834 	transfer_buffer[0] = 0;
835 	transfer_buffer[1] = count;
836 	urb->transfer_buffer_length = 2 + count;
837 }
838 
839 static const struct usb_protocol_ops snd_usbmidi_novation_ops = {
840 	.input = snd_usbmidi_novation_input,
841 	.output = snd_usbmidi_novation_output,
842 };
843 
844 /*
845  * "raw" protocol: just move raw MIDI bytes from/to the endpoint
846  */
847 
848 static void snd_usbmidi_raw_input(struct snd_usb_midi_in_endpoint *ep,
849 				  uint8_t *buffer, int buffer_length)
850 {
851 	snd_usbmidi_input_data(ep, 0, buffer, buffer_length);
852 }
853 
854 static void snd_usbmidi_raw_output(struct snd_usb_midi_out_endpoint *ep,
855 				   struct urb *urb)
856 {
857 	int count;
858 
859 	if (!ep->ports[0].active)
860 		return;
861 	count = snd_rawmidi_transmit(ep->ports[0].substream,
862 				     urb->transfer_buffer,
863 				     ep->max_transfer);
864 	if (count < 1) {
865 		ep->ports[0].active = 0;
866 		return;
867 	}
868 	urb->transfer_buffer_length = count;
869 }
870 
871 static const struct usb_protocol_ops snd_usbmidi_raw_ops = {
872 	.input = snd_usbmidi_raw_input,
873 	.output = snd_usbmidi_raw_output,
874 };
875 
876 /*
877  * FTDI protocol: raw MIDI bytes, but input packets have two modem status bytes.
878  */
879 
880 static void snd_usbmidi_ftdi_input(struct snd_usb_midi_in_endpoint *ep,
881 				   uint8_t *buffer, int buffer_length)
882 {
883 	if (buffer_length > 2)
884 		snd_usbmidi_input_data(ep, 0, buffer + 2, buffer_length - 2);
885 }
886 
887 static const struct usb_protocol_ops snd_usbmidi_ftdi_ops = {
888 	.input = snd_usbmidi_ftdi_input,
889 	.output = snd_usbmidi_raw_output,
890 };
891 
892 static void snd_usbmidi_us122l_input(struct snd_usb_midi_in_endpoint *ep,
893 				     uint8_t *buffer, int buffer_length)
894 {
895 	if (buffer_length != 9)
896 		return;
897 	buffer_length = 8;
898 	while (buffer_length && buffer[buffer_length - 1] == 0xFD)
899 		buffer_length--;
900 	if (buffer_length)
901 		snd_usbmidi_input_data(ep, 0, buffer, buffer_length);
902 }
903 
904 static void snd_usbmidi_us122l_output(struct snd_usb_midi_out_endpoint *ep,
905 				      struct urb *urb)
906 {
907 	int count;
908 
909 	if (!ep->ports[0].active)
910 		return;
911 	switch (snd_usb_get_speed(ep->umidi->dev)) {
912 	case USB_SPEED_HIGH:
913 	case USB_SPEED_SUPER:
914 	case USB_SPEED_SUPER_PLUS:
915 		count = 1;
916 		break;
917 	default:
918 		count = 2;
919 	}
920 	count = snd_rawmidi_transmit(ep->ports[0].substream,
921 				     urb->transfer_buffer,
922 				     count);
923 	if (count < 1) {
924 		ep->ports[0].active = 0;
925 		return;
926 	}
927 
928 	memset(urb->transfer_buffer + count, 0xFD, ep->max_transfer - count);
929 	urb->transfer_buffer_length = ep->max_transfer;
930 }
931 
932 static const struct usb_protocol_ops snd_usbmidi_122l_ops = {
933 	.input = snd_usbmidi_us122l_input,
934 	.output = snd_usbmidi_us122l_output,
935 };
936 
937 /*
938  * Emagic USB MIDI protocol: raw MIDI with "F5 xx" port switching.
939  */
940 
941 static void snd_usbmidi_emagic_init_out(struct snd_usb_midi_out_endpoint *ep)
942 {
943 	static const u8 init_data[] = {
944 		/* initialization magic: "get version" */
945 		0xf0,
946 		0x00, 0x20, 0x31,	/* Emagic */
947 		0x64,			/* Unitor8 */
948 		0x0b,			/* version number request */
949 		0x00,			/* command version */
950 		0x00,			/* EEPROM, box 0 */
951 		0xf7
952 	};
953 	send_bulk_static_data(ep, init_data, sizeof(init_data));
954 	/* while we're at it, pour on more magic */
955 	send_bulk_static_data(ep, init_data, sizeof(init_data));
956 }
957 
958 static void snd_usbmidi_emagic_finish_out(struct snd_usb_midi_out_endpoint *ep)
959 {
960 	static const u8 finish_data[] = {
961 		/* switch to patch mode with last preset */
962 		0xf0,
963 		0x00, 0x20, 0x31,	/* Emagic */
964 		0x64,			/* Unitor8 */
965 		0x10,			/* patch switch command */
966 		0x00,			/* command version */
967 		0x7f,			/* to all boxes */
968 		0x40,			/* last preset in EEPROM */
969 		0xf7
970 	};
971 	send_bulk_static_data(ep, finish_data, sizeof(finish_data));
972 }
973 
974 static void snd_usbmidi_emagic_input(struct snd_usb_midi_in_endpoint *ep,
975 				     uint8_t *buffer, int buffer_length)
976 {
977 	int i;
978 
979 	/* FF indicates end of valid data */
980 	for (i = 0; i < buffer_length; ++i)
981 		if (buffer[i] == 0xff) {
982 			buffer_length = i;
983 			break;
984 		}
985 
986 	/* handle F5 at end of last buffer */
987 	if (ep->seen_f5)
988 		goto switch_port;
989 
990 	while (buffer_length > 0) {
991 		/* determine size of data until next F5 */
992 		for (i = 0; i < buffer_length; ++i)
993 			if (buffer[i] == 0xf5)
994 				break;
995 		snd_usbmidi_input_data(ep, ep->current_port, buffer, i);
996 		buffer += i;
997 		buffer_length -= i;
998 
999 		if (buffer_length <= 0)
1000 			break;
1001 		/* assert(buffer[0] == 0xf5); */
1002 		ep->seen_f5 = 1;
1003 		++buffer;
1004 		--buffer_length;
1005 
1006 	switch_port:
1007 		if (buffer_length <= 0)
1008 			break;
1009 		if (buffer[0] < 0x80) {
1010 			ep->current_port = (buffer[0] - 1) & 15;
1011 			++buffer;
1012 			--buffer_length;
1013 		}
1014 		ep->seen_f5 = 0;
1015 	}
1016 }
1017 
1018 static void snd_usbmidi_emagic_output(struct snd_usb_midi_out_endpoint *ep,
1019 				      struct urb *urb)
1020 {
1021 	int port0 = ep->current_port;
1022 	uint8_t *buf = urb->transfer_buffer;
1023 	int buf_free = ep->max_transfer;
1024 	int length, i;
1025 
1026 	for (i = 0; i < 0x10; ++i) {
1027 		/* round-robin, starting at the last current port */
1028 		int portnum = (port0 + i) & 15;
1029 		struct usbmidi_out_port *port = &ep->ports[portnum];
1030 
1031 		if (!port->active)
1032 			continue;
1033 		if (snd_rawmidi_transmit_peek(port->substream, buf, 1) != 1) {
1034 			port->active = 0;
1035 			continue;
1036 		}
1037 
1038 		if (portnum != ep->current_port) {
1039 			if (buf_free < 2)
1040 				break;
1041 			ep->current_port = portnum;
1042 			buf[0] = 0xf5;
1043 			buf[1] = (portnum + 1) & 15;
1044 			buf += 2;
1045 			buf_free -= 2;
1046 		}
1047 
1048 		if (buf_free < 1)
1049 			break;
1050 		length = snd_rawmidi_transmit(port->substream, buf, buf_free);
1051 		if (length > 0) {
1052 			buf += length;
1053 			buf_free -= length;
1054 			if (buf_free < 1)
1055 				break;
1056 		}
1057 	}
1058 	if (buf_free < ep->max_transfer && buf_free > 0) {
1059 		*buf = 0xff;
1060 		--buf_free;
1061 	}
1062 	urb->transfer_buffer_length = ep->max_transfer - buf_free;
1063 }
1064 
1065 static const struct usb_protocol_ops snd_usbmidi_emagic_ops = {
1066 	.input = snd_usbmidi_emagic_input,
1067 	.output = snd_usbmidi_emagic_output,
1068 	.init_out_endpoint = snd_usbmidi_emagic_init_out,
1069 	.finish_out_endpoint = snd_usbmidi_emagic_finish_out,
1070 };
1071 
1072 
1073 static void update_roland_altsetting(struct snd_usb_midi *umidi)
1074 {
1075 	struct usb_interface *intf;
1076 	struct usb_host_interface *hostif;
1077 	struct usb_interface_descriptor *intfd;
1078 	int is_light_load;
1079 
1080 	intf = umidi->iface;
1081 	is_light_load = intf->cur_altsetting != intf->altsetting;
1082 	if (umidi->roland_load_ctl->private_value == is_light_load)
1083 		return;
1084 	hostif = &intf->altsetting[umidi->roland_load_ctl->private_value];
1085 	intfd = get_iface_desc(hostif);
1086 	snd_usbmidi_input_stop(&umidi->list);
1087 	usb_set_interface(umidi->dev, intfd->bInterfaceNumber,
1088 			  intfd->bAlternateSetting);
1089 	snd_usbmidi_input_start(&umidi->list);
1090 }
1091 
1092 static int substream_open(struct snd_rawmidi_substream *substream, int dir,
1093 			  int open)
1094 {
1095 	struct snd_usb_midi *umidi = substream->rmidi->private_data;
1096 	struct snd_kcontrol *ctl;
1097 
1098 	down_read(&umidi->disc_rwsem);
1099 	if (umidi->disconnected) {
1100 		up_read(&umidi->disc_rwsem);
1101 		return open ? -ENODEV : 0;
1102 	}
1103 
1104 	mutex_lock(&umidi->mutex);
1105 	if (open) {
1106 		if (!umidi->opened[0] && !umidi->opened[1]) {
1107 			if (umidi->roland_load_ctl) {
1108 				ctl = umidi->roland_load_ctl;
1109 				ctl->vd[0].access |=
1110 					SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_ACCESS_INACTIVE;
1111 				snd_ctl_notify(umidi->card,
1112 				       SNDRV_CTL_EVENT_MASK_INFO, &ctl->id);
1113 				update_roland_altsetting(umidi);
1114 			}
1115 		}
1116 		umidi->opened[dir]++;
1117 		if (umidi->opened[1])
1118 			snd_usbmidi_input_start(&umidi->list);
1119 	} else {
1120 		umidi->opened[dir]--;
1121 		if (!umidi->opened[1])
1122 			snd_usbmidi_input_stop(&umidi->list);
1123 		if (!umidi->opened[0] && !umidi->opened[1]) {
1124 			if (umidi->roland_load_ctl) {
1125 				ctl = umidi->roland_load_ctl;
1126 				ctl->vd[0].access &=
1127 					~SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_ACCESS_INACTIVE;
1128 				snd_ctl_notify(umidi->card,
1129 				       SNDRV_CTL_EVENT_MASK_INFO, &ctl->id);
1130 			}
1131 		}
1132 	}
1133 	mutex_unlock(&umidi->mutex);
1134 	up_read(&umidi->disc_rwsem);
1135 	return 0;
1136 }
1137 
1138 static int snd_usbmidi_output_open(struct snd_rawmidi_substream *substream)
1139 {
1140 	struct snd_usb_midi *umidi = substream->rmidi->private_data;
1141 	struct usbmidi_out_port *port = NULL;
1142 	int i, j;
1143 
1144 	for (i = 0; i < MIDI_MAX_ENDPOINTS; ++i)
1145 		if (umidi->endpoints[i].out)
1146 			for (j = 0; j < 0x10; ++j)
1147 				if (umidi->endpoints[i].out->ports[j].substream == substream) {
1148 					port = &umidi->endpoints[i].out->ports[j];
1149 					break;
1150 				}
1151 	if (!port) {
1152 		snd_BUG();
1153 		return -ENXIO;
1154 	}
1155 
1156 	substream->runtime->private_data = port;
1157 	port->state = STATE_UNKNOWN;
1158 	return substream_open(substream, 0, 1);
1159 }
1160 
1161 static int snd_usbmidi_output_close(struct snd_rawmidi_substream *substream)
1162 {
1163 	return substream_open(substream, 0, 0);
1164 }
1165 
1166 static void snd_usbmidi_output_trigger(struct snd_rawmidi_substream *substream,
1167 				       int up)
1168 {
1169 	struct usbmidi_out_port *port =
1170 		(struct usbmidi_out_port *)substream->runtime->private_data;
1171 
1172 	port->active = up;
1173 	if (up) {
1174 		if (port->ep->umidi->disconnected) {
1175 			/* gobble up remaining bytes to prevent wait in
1176 			 * snd_rawmidi_drain_output */
1177 			while (!snd_rawmidi_transmit_empty(substream))
1178 				snd_rawmidi_transmit_ack(substream, 1);
1179 			return;
1180 		}
1181 		tasklet_schedule(&port->ep->tasklet);
1182 	}
1183 }
1184 
1185 static void snd_usbmidi_output_drain(struct snd_rawmidi_substream *substream)
1186 {
1187 	struct usbmidi_out_port *port = substream->runtime->private_data;
1188 	struct snd_usb_midi_out_endpoint *ep = port->ep;
1189 	unsigned int drain_urbs;
1190 	DEFINE_WAIT(wait);
1191 	long timeout = msecs_to_jiffies(50);
1192 
1193 	if (ep->umidi->disconnected)
1194 		return;
1195 	/*
1196 	 * The substream buffer is empty, but some data might still be in the
1197 	 * currently active URBs, so we have to wait for those to complete.
1198 	 */
1199 	spin_lock_irq(&ep->buffer_lock);
1200 	drain_urbs = ep->active_urbs;
1201 	if (drain_urbs) {
1202 		ep->drain_urbs |= drain_urbs;
1203 		do {
1204 			prepare_to_wait(&ep->drain_wait, &wait,
1205 					TASK_UNINTERRUPTIBLE);
1206 			spin_unlock_irq(&ep->buffer_lock);
1207 			timeout = schedule_timeout(timeout);
1208 			spin_lock_irq(&ep->buffer_lock);
1209 			drain_urbs &= ep->drain_urbs;
1210 		} while (drain_urbs && timeout);
1211 		finish_wait(&ep->drain_wait, &wait);
1212 	}
1213 	spin_unlock_irq(&ep->buffer_lock);
1214 }
1215 
1216 static int snd_usbmidi_input_open(struct snd_rawmidi_substream *substream)
1217 {
1218 	return substream_open(substream, 1, 1);
1219 }
1220 
1221 static int snd_usbmidi_input_close(struct snd_rawmidi_substream *substream)
1222 {
1223 	return substream_open(substream, 1, 0);
1224 }
1225 
1226 static void snd_usbmidi_input_trigger(struct snd_rawmidi_substream *substream,
1227 				      int up)
1228 {
1229 	struct snd_usb_midi *umidi = substream->rmidi->private_data;
1230 
1231 	if (up)
1232 		set_bit(substream->number, &umidi->input_triggered);
1233 	else
1234 		clear_bit(substream->number, &umidi->input_triggered);
1235 }
1236 
1237 static const struct snd_rawmidi_ops snd_usbmidi_output_ops = {
1238 	.open = snd_usbmidi_output_open,
1239 	.close = snd_usbmidi_output_close,
1240 	.trigger = snd_usbmidi_output_trigger,
1241 	.drain = snd_usbmidi_output_drain,
1242 };
1243 
1244 static const struct snd_rawmidi_ops snd_usbmidi_input_ops = {
1245 	.open = snd_usbmidi_input_open,
1246 	.close = snd_usbmidi_input_close,
1247 	.trigger = snd_usbmidi_input_trigger
1248 };
1249 
1250 static void free_urb_and_buffer(struct snd_usb_midi *umidi, struct urb *urb,
1251 				unsigned int buffer_length)
1252 {
1253 	usb_free_coherent(umidi->dev, buffer_length,
1254 			  urb->transfer_buffer, urb->transfer_dma);
1255 	usb_free_urb(urb);
1256 }
1257 
1258 /*
1259  * Frees an input endpoint.
1260  * May be called when ep hasn't been initialized completely.
1261  */
1262 static void snd_usbmidi_in_endpoint_delete(struct snd_usb_midi_in_endpoint *ep)
1263 {
1264 	unsigned int i;
1265 
1266 	for (i = 0; i < INPUT_URBS; ++i)
1267 		if (ep->urbs[i])
1268 			free_urb_and_buffer(ep->umidi, ep->urbs[i],
1269 					    ep->urbs[i]->transfer_buffer_length);
1270 	kfree(ep);
1271 }
1272 
1273 /*
1274  * Creates an input endpoint.
1275  */
1276 static int snd_usbmidi_in_endpoint_create(struct snd_usb_midi *umidi,
1277 					  struct snd_usb_midi_endpoint_info *ep_info,
1278 					  struct snd_usb_midi_endpoint *rep)
1279 {
1280 	struct snd_usb_midi_in_endpoint *ep;
1281 	void *buffer;
1282 	unsigned int pipe;
1283 	int length;
1284 	unsigned int i;
1285 	int err;
1286 
1287 	rep->in = NULL;
1288 	ep = kzalloc(sizeof(*ep), GFP_KERNEL);
1289 	if (!ep)
1290 		return -ENOMEM;
1291 	ep->umidi = umidi;
1292 
1293 	for (i = 0; i < INPUT_URBS; ++i) {
1294 		ep->urbs[i] = usb_alloc_urb(0, GFP_KERNEL);
1295 		if (!ep->urbs[i]) {
1296 			err = -ENOMEM;
1297 			goto error;
1298 		}
1299 	}
1300 	if (ep_info->in_interval)
1301 		pipe = usb_rcvintpipe(umidi->dev, ep_info->in_ep);
1302 	else
1303 		pipe = usb_rcvbulkpipe(umidi->dev, ep_info->in_ep);
1304 	length = usb_maxpacket(umidi->dev, pipe, 0);
1305 	for (i = 0; i < INPUT_URBS; ++i) {
1306 		buffer = usb_alloc_coherent(umidi->dev, length, GFP_KERNEL,
1307 					    &ep->urbs[i]->transfer_dma);
1308 		if (!buffer) {
1309 			err = -ENOMEM;
1310 			goto error;
1311 		}
1312 		if (ep_info->in_interval)
1313 			usb_fill_int_urb(ep->urbs[i], umidi->dev,
1314 					 pipe, buffer, length,
1315 					 snd_usbmidi_in_urb_complete,
1316 					 ep, ep_info->in_interval);
1317 		else
1318 			usb_fill_bulk_urb(ep->urbs[i], umidi->dev,
1319 					  pipe, buffer, length,
1320 					  snd_usbmidi_in_urb_complete, ep);
1321 		ep->urbs[i]->transfer_flags = URB_NO_TRANSFER_DMA_MAP;
1322 		err = usb_urb_ep_type_check(ep->urbs[i]);
1323 		if (err < 0) {
1324 			dev_err(&umidi->dev->dev, "invalid MIDI in EP %x\n",
1325 				ep_info->in_ep);
1326 			goto error;
1327 		}
1328 	}
1329 
1330 	rep->in = ep;
1331 	return 0;
1332 
1333  error:
1334 	snd_usbmidi_in_endpoint_delete(ep);
1335 	return -ENOMEM;
1336 }
1337 
1338 /*
1339  * Frees an output endpoint.
1340  * May be called when ep hasn't been initialized completely.
1341  */
1342 static void snd_usbmidi_out_endpoint_clear(struct snd_usb_midi_out_endpoint *ep)
1343 {
1344 	unsigned int i;
1345 
1346 	for (i = 0; i < OUTPUT_URBS; ++i)
1347 		if (ep->urbs[i].urb) {
1348 			free_urb_and_buffer(ep->umidi, ep->urbs[i].urb,
1349 					    ep->max_transfer);
1350 			ep->urbs[i].urb = NULL;
1351 		}
1352 }
1353 
1354 static void snd_usbmidi_out_endpoint_delete(struct snd_usb_midi_out_endpoint *ep)
1355 {
1356 	snd_usbmidi_out_endpoint_clear(ep);
1357 	kfree(ep);
1358 }
1359 
1360 /*
1361  * Creates an output endpoint, and initializes output ports.
1362  */
1363 static int snd_usbmidi_out_endpoint_create(struct snd_usb_midi *umidi,
1364 					   struct snd_usb_midi_endpoint_info *ep_info,
1365 					   struct snd_usb_midi_endpoint *rep)
1366 {
1367 	struct snd_usb_midi_out_endpoint *ep;
1368 	unsigned int i;
1369 	unsigned int pipe;
1370 	void *buffer;
1371 	int err;
1372 
1373 	rep->out = NULL;
1374 	ep = kzalloc(sizeof(*ep), GFP_KERNEL);
1375 	if (!ep)
1376 		return -ENOMEM;
1377 	ep->umidi = umidi;
1378 
1379 	for (i = 0; i < OUTPUT_URBS; ++i) {
1380 		ep->urbs[i].urb = usb_alloc_urb(0, GFP_KERNEL);
1381 		if (!ep->urbs[i].urb) {
1382 			err = -ENOMEM;
1383 			goto error;
1384 		}
1385 		ep->urbs[i].ep = ep;
1386 	}
1387 	if (ep_info->out_interval)
1388 		pipe = usb_sndintpipe(umidi->dev, ep_info->out_ep);
1389 	else
1390 		pipe = usb_sndbulkpipe(umidi->dev, ep_info->out_ep);
1391 	switch (umidi->usb_id) {
1392 	default:
1393 		ep->max_transfer = usb_maxpacket(umidi->dev, pipe, 1);
1394 		break;
1395 		/*
1396 		 * Various chips declare a packet size larger than 4 bytes, but
1397 		 * do not actually work with larger packets:
1398 		 */
1399 	case USB_ID(0x0a67, 0x5011): /* Medeli DD305 */
1400 	case USB_ID(0x0a92, 0x1020): /* ESI M4U */
1401 	case USB_ID(0x1430, 0x474b): /* RedOctane GH MIDI INTERFACE */
1402 	case USB_ID(0x15ca, 0x0101): /* Textech USB Midi Cable */
1403 	case USB_ID(0x15ca, 0x1806): /* Textech USB Midi Cable */
1404 	case USB_ID(0x1a86, 0x752d): /* QinHeng CH345 "USB2.0-MIDI" */
1405 	case USB_ID(0xfc08, 0x0101): /* Unknown vendor Cable */
1406 		ep->max_transfer = 4;
1407 		break;
1408 		/*
1409 		 * Some devices only work with 9 bytes packet size:
1410 		 */
1411 	case USB_ID(0x0644, 0x800E): /* Tascam US-122L */
1412 	case USB_ID(0x0644, 0x800F): /* Tascam US-144 */
1413 		ep->max_transfer = 9;
1414 		break;
1415 	}
1416 	for (i = 0; i < OUTPUT_URBS; ++i) {
1417 		buffer = usb_alloc_coherent(umidi->dev,
1418 					    ep->max_transfer, GFP_KERNEL,
1419 					    &ep->urbs[i].urb->transfer_dma);
1420 		if (!buffer) {
1421 			err = -ENOMEM;
1422 			goto error;
1423 		}
1424 		if (ep_info->out_interval)
1425 			usb_fill_int_urb(ep->urbs[i].urb, umidi->dev,
1426 					 pipe, buffer, ep->max_transfer,
1427 					 snd_usbmidi_out_urb_complete,
1428 					 &ep->urbs[i], ep_info->out_interval);
1429 		else
1430 			usb_fill_bulk_urb(ep->urbs[i].urb, umidi->dev,
1431 					  pipe, buffer, ep->max_transfer,
1432 					  snd_usbmidi_out_urb_complete,
1433 					  &ep->urbs[i]);
1434 		err = usb_urb_ep_type_check(ep->urbs[i].urb);
1435 		if (err < 0) {
1436 			dev_err(&umidi->dev->dev, "invalid MIDI out EP %x\n",
1437 				ep_info->out_ep);
1438 			goto error;
1439 		}
1440 		ep->urbs[i].urb->transfer_flags = URB_NO_TRANSFER_DMA_MAP;
1441 	}
1442 
1443 	spin_lock_init(&ep->buffer_lock);
1444 	tasklet_init(&ep->tasklet, snd_usbmidi_out_tasklet, (unsigned long)ep);
1445 	init_waitqueue_head(&ep->drain_wait);
1446 
1447 	for (i = 0; i < 0x10; ++i)
1448 		if (ep_info->out_cables & (1 << i)) {
1449 			ep->ports[i].ep = ep;
1450 			ep->ports[i].cable = i << 4;
1451 		}
1452 
1453 	if (umidi->usb_protocol_ops->init_out_endpoint)
1454 		umidi->usb_protocol_ops->init_out_endpoint(ep);
1455 
1456 	rep->out = ep;
1457 	return 0;
1458 
1459  error:
1460 	snd_usbmidi_out_endpoint_delete(ep);
1461 	return err;
1462 }
1463 
1464 /*
1465  * Frees everything.
1466  */
1467 static void snd_usbmidi_free(struct snd_usb_midi *umidi)
1468 {
1469 	int i;
1470 
1471 	for (i = 0; i < MIDI_MAX_ENDPOINTS; ++i) {
1472 		struct snd_usb_midi_endpoint *ep = &umidi->endpoints[i];
1473 		if (ep->out)
1474 			snd_usbmidi_out_endpoint_delete(ep->out);
1475 		if (ep->in)
1476 			snd_usbmidi_in_endpoint_delete(ep->in);
1477 	}
1478 	mutex_destroy(&umidi->mutex);
1479 	kfree(umidi);
1480 }
1481 
1482 /*
1483  * Unlinks all URBs (must be done before the usb_device is deleted).
1484  */
1485 void snd_usbmidi_disconnect(struct list_head *p)
1486 {
1487 	struct snd_usb_midi *umidi;
1488 	unsigned int i, j;
1489 
1490 	umidi = list_entry(p, struct snd_usb_midi, list);
1491 	/*
1492 	 * an URB's completion handler may start the timer and
1493 	 * a timer may submit an URB. To reliably break the cycle
1494 	 * a flag under lock must be used
1495 	 */
1496 	down_write(&umidi->disc_rwsem);
1497 	spin_lock_irq(&umidi->disc_lock);
1498 	umidi->disconnected = 1;
1499 	spin_unlock_irq(&umidi->disc_lock);
1500 	up_write(&umidi->disc_rwsem);
1501 
1502 	for (i = 0; i < MIDI_MAX_ENDPOINTS; ++i) {
1503 		struct snd_usb_midi_endpoint *ep = &umidi->endpoints[i];
1504 		if (ep->out)
1505 			tasklet_kill(&ep->out->tasklet);
1506 		if (ep->out) {
1507 			for (j = 0; j < OUTPUT_URBS; ++j)
1508 				usb_kill_urb(ep->out->urbs[j].urb);
1509 			if (umidi->usb_protocol_ops->finish_out_endpoint)
1510 				umidi->usb_protocol_ops->finish_out_endpoint(ep->out);
1511 			ep->out->active_urbs = 0;
1512 			if (ep->out->drain_urbs) {
1513 				ep->out->drain_urbs = 0;
1514 				wake_up(&ep->out->drain_wait);
1515 			}
1516 		}
1517 		if (ep->in)
1518 			for (j = 0; j < INPUT_URBS; ++j)
1519 				usb_kill_urb(ep->in->urbs[j]);
1520 		/* free endpoints here; later call can result in Oops */
1521 		if (ep->out)
1522 			snd_usbmidi_out_endpoint_clear(ep->out);
1523 		if (ep->in) {
1524 			snd_usbmidi_in_endpoint_delete(ep->in);
1525 			ep->in = NULL;
1526 		}
1527 	}
1528 	del_timer_sync(&umidi->error_timer);
1529 }
1530 EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_usbmidi_disconnect);
1531 
1532 static void snd_usbmidi_rawmidi_free(struct snd_rawmidi *rmidi)
1533 {
1534 	struct snd_usb_midi *umidi = rmidi->private_data;
1535 	snd_usbmidi_free(umidi);
1536 }
1537 
1538 static struct snd_rawmidi_substream *snd_usbmidi_find_substream(struct snd_usb_midi *umidi,
1539 								int stream,
1540 								int number)
1541 {
1542 	struct snd_rawmidi_substream *substream;
1543 
1544 	list_for_each_entry(substream, &umidi->rmidi->streams[stream].substreams,
1545 			    list) {
1546 		if (substream->number == number)
1547 			return substream;
1548 	}
1549 	return NULL;
1550 }
1551 
1552 /*
1553  * This list specifies names for ports that do not fit into the standard
1554  * "(product) MIDI (n)" schema because they aren't external MIDI ports,
1555  * such as internal control or synthesizer ports.
1556  */
1557 static struct port_info {
1558 	u32 id;
1559 	short int port;
1560 	short int voices;
1561 	const char *name;
1562 	unsigned int seq_flags;
1563 } snd_usbmidi_port_info[] = {
1564 #define PORT_INFO(vendor, product, num, name_, voices_, flags) \
1565 	{ .id = USB_ID(vendor, product), \
1566 	  .port = num, .voices = voices_, \
1567 	  .name = name_, .seq_flags = flags }
1568 #define EXTERNAL_PORT(vendor, product, num, name) \
1569 	PORT_INFO(vendor, product, num, name, 0, \
1570 		  SNDRV_SEQ_PORT_TYPE_MIDI_GENERIC | \
1571 		  SNDRV_SEQ_PORT_TYPE_HARDWARE | \
1572 		  SNDRV_SEQ_PORT_TYPE_PORT)
1573 #define CONTROL_PORT(vendor, product, num, name) \
1574 	PORT_INFO(vendor, product, num, name, 0, \
1575 		  SNDRV_SEQ_PORT_TYPE_MIDI_GENERIC | \
1576 		  SNDRV_SEQ_PORT_TYPE_HARDWARE)
1577 #define GM_SYNTH_PORT(vendor, product, num, name, voices) \
1578 	PORT_INFO(vendor, product, num, name, voices, \
1579 		  SNDRV_SEQ_PORT_TYPE_MIDI_GENERIC | \
1580 		  SNDRV_SEQ_PORT_TYPE_MIDI_GM | \
1581 		  SNDRV_SEQ_PORT_TYPE_HARDWARE | \
1582 		  SNDRV_SEQ_PORT_TYPE_SYNTHESIZER)
1583 #define ROLAND_SYNTH_PORT(vendor, product, num, name, voices) \
1584 	PORT_INFO(vendor, product, num, name, voices, \
1585 		  SNDRV_SEQ_PORT_TYPE_MIDI_GENERIC | \
1586 		  SNDRV_SEQ_PORT_TYPE_MIDI_GM | \
1587 		  SNDRV_SEQ_PORT_TYPE_MIDI_GM2 | \
1588 		  SNDRV_SEQ_PORT_TYPE_MIDI_GS | \
1589 		  SNDRV_SEQ_PORT_TYPE_MIDI_XG | \
1590 		  SNDRV_SEQ_PORT_TYPE_HARDWARE | \
1591 		  SNDRV_SEQ_PORT_TYPE_SYNTHESIZER)
1592 #define SOUNDCANVAS_PORT(vendor, product, num, name, voices) \
1593 	PORT_INFO(vendor, product, num, name, voices, \
1594 		  SNDRV_SEQ_PORT_TYPE_MIDI_GENERIC | \
1595 		  SNDRV_SEQ_PORT_TYPE_MIDI_GM | \
1596 		  SNDRV_SEQ_PORT_TYPE_MIDI_GM2 | \
1597 		  SNDRV_SEQ_PORT_TYPE_MIDI_GS | \
1598 		  SNDRV_SEQ_PORT_TYPE_MIDI_XG | \
1599 		  SNDRV_SEQ_PORT_TYPE_MIDI_MT32 | \
1600 		  SNDRV_SEQ_PORT_TYPE_HARDWARE | \
1601 		  SNDRV_SEQ_PORT_TYPE_SYNTHESIZER)
1602 	/* Yamaha MOTIF XF */
1603 	GM_SYNTH_PORT(0x0499, 0x105c, 0, "%s Tone Generator", 128),
1604 	CONTROL_PORT(0x0499, 0x105c, 1, "%s Remote Control"),
1605 	EXTERNAL_PORT(0x0499, 0x105c, 2, "%s Thru"),
1606 	CONTROL_PORT(0x0499, 0x105c, 3, "%s Editor"),
1607 	/* Roland UA-100 */
1608 	CONTROL_PORT(0x0582, 0x0000, 2, "%s Control"),
1609 	/* Roland SC-8850 */
1610 	SOUNDCANVAS_PORT(0x0582, 0x0003, 0, "%s Part A", 128),
1611 	SOUNDCANVAS_PORT(0x0582, 0x0003, 1, "%s Part B", 128),
1612 	SOUNDCANVAS_PORT(0x0582, 0x0003, 2, "%s Part C", 128),
1613 	SOUNDCANVAS_PORT(0x0582, 0x0003, 3, "%s Part D", 128),
1614 	EXTERNAL_PORT(0x0582, 0x0003, 4, "%s MIDI 1"),
1615 	EXTERNAL_PORT(0x0582, 0x0003, 5, "%s MIDI 2"),
1616 	/* Roland U-8 */
1617 	EXTERNAL_PORT(0x0582, 0x0004, 0, "%s MIDI"),
1618 	CONTROL_PORT(0x0582, 0x0004, 1, "%s Control"),
1619 	/* Roland SC-8820 */
1620 	SOUNDCANVAS_PORT(0x0582, 0x0007, 0, "%s Part A", 64),
1621 	SOUNDCANVAS_PORT(0x0582, 0x0007, 1, "%s Part B", 64),
1622 	EXTERNAL_PORT(0x0582, 0x0007, 2, "%s MIDI"),
1623 	/* Roland SK-500 */
1624 	SOUNDCANVAS_PORT(0x0582, 0x000b, 0, "%s Part A", 64),
1625 	SOUNDCANVAS_PORT(0x0582, 0x000b, 1, "%s Part B", 64),
1626 	EXTERNAL_PORT(0x0582, 0x000b, 2, "%s MIDI"),
1627 	/* Roland SC-D70 */
1628 	SOUNDCANVAS_PORT(0x0582, 0x000c, 0, "%s Part A", 64),
1629 	SOUNDCANVAS_PORT(0x0582, 0x000c, 1, "%s Part B", 64),
1630 	EXTERNAL_PORT(0x0582, 0x000c, 2, "%s MIDI"),
1631 	/* Edirol UM-880 */
1632 	CONTROL_PORT(0x0582, 0x0014, 8, "%s Control"),
1633 	/* Edirol SD-90 */
1634 	ROLAND_SYNTH_PORT(0x0582, 0x0016, 0, "%s Part A", 128),
1635 	ROLAND_SYNTH_PORT(0x0582, 0x0016, 1, "%s Part B", 128),
1636 	EXTERNAL_PORT(0x0582, 0x0016, 2, "%s MIDI 1"),
1637 	EXTERNAL_PORT(0x0582, 0x0016, 3, "%s MIDI 2"),
1638 	/* Edirol UM-550 */
1639 	CONTROL_PORT(0x0582, 0x0023, 5, "%s Control"),
1640 	/* Edirol SD-20 */
1641 	ROLAND_SYNTH_PORT(0x0582, 0x0027, 0, "%s Part A", 64),
1642 	ROLAND_SYNTH_PORT(0x0582, 0x0027, 1, "%s Part B", 64),
1643 	EXTERNAL_PORT(0x0582, 0x0027, 2, "%s MIDI"),
1644 	/* Edirol SD-80 */
1645 	ROLAND_SYNTH_PORT(0x0582, 0x0029, 0, "%s Part A", 128),
1646 	ROLAND_SYNTH_PORT(0x0582, 0x0029, 1, "%s Part B", 128),
1647 	EXTERNAL_PORT(0x0582, 0x0029, 2, "%s MIDI 1"),
1648 	EXTERNAL_PORT(0x0582, 0x0029, 3, "%s MIDI 2"),
1649 	/* Edirol UA-700 */
1650 	EXTERNAL_PORT(0x0582, 0x002b, 0, "%s MIDI"),
1651 	CONTROL_PORT(0x0582, 0x002b, 1, "%s Control"),
1652 	/* Roland VariOS */
1653 	EXTERNAL_PORT(0x0582, 0x002f, 0, "%s MIDI"),
1654 	EXTERNAL_PORT(0x0582, 0x002f, 1, "%s External MIDI"),
1655 	EXTERNAL_PORT(0x0582, 0x002f, 2, "%s Sync"),
1656 	/* Edirol PCR */
1657 	EXTERNAL_PORT(0x0582, 0x0033, 0, "%s MIDI"),
1658 	EXTERNAL_PORT(0x0582, 0x0033, 1, "%s 1"),
1659 	EXTERNAL_PORT(0x0582, 0x0033, 2, "%s 2"),
1660 	/* BOSS GS-10 */
1661 	EXTERNAL_PORT(0x0582, 0x003b, 0, "%s MIDI"),
1662 	CONTROL_PORT(0x0582, 0x003b, 1, "%s Control"),
1663 	/* Edirol UA-1000 */
1664 	EXTERNAL_PORT(0x0582, 0x0044, 0, "%s MIDI"),
1665 	CONTROL_PORT(0x0582, 0x0044, 1, "%s Control"),
1666 	/* Edirol UR-80 */
1667 	EXTERNAL_PORT(0x0582, 0x0048, 0, "%s MIDI"),
1668 	EXTERNAL_PORT(0x0582, 0x0048, 1, "%s 1"),
1669 	EXTERNAL_PORT(0x0582, 0x0048, 2, "%s 2"),
1670 	/* Edirol PCR-A */
1671 	EXTERNAL_PORT(0x0582, 0x004d, 0, "%s MIDI"),
1672 	EXTERNAL_PORT(0x0582, 0x004d, 1, "%s 1"),
1673 	EXTERNAL_PORT(0x0582, 0x004d, 2, "%s 2"),
1674 	/* BOSS GT-PRO */
1675 	CONTROL_PORT(0x0582, 0x0089, 0, "%s Control"),
1676 	/* Edirol UM-3EX */
1677 	CONTROL_PORT(0x0582, 0x009a, 3, "%s Control"),
1678 	/* Roland VG-99 */
1679 	CONTROL_PORT(0x0582, 0x00b2, 0, "%s Control"),
1680 	EXTERNAL_PORT(0x0582, 0x00b2, 1, "%s MIDI"),
1681 	/* Cakewalk Sonar V-Studio 100 */
1682 	EXTERNAL_PORT(0x0582, 0x00eb, 0, "%s MIDI"),
1683 	CONTROL_PORT(0x0582, 0x00eb, 1, "%s Control"),
1684 	/* Roland VB-99 */
1685 	CONTROL_PORT(0x0582, 0x0102, 0, "%s Control"),
1686 	EXTERNAL_PORT(0x0582, 0x0102, 1, "%s MIDI"),
1687 	/* Roland A-PRO */
1688 	EXTERNAL_PORT(0x0582, 0x010f, 0, "%s MIDI"),
1689 	CONTROL_PORT(0x0582, 0x010f, 1, "%s 1"),
1690 	CONTROL_PORT(0x0582, 0x010f, 2, "%s 2"),
1691 	/* Roland SD-50 */
1692 	ROLAND_SYNTH_PORT(0x0582, 0x0114, 0, "%s Synth", 128),
1693 	EXTERNAL_PORT(0x0582, 0x0114, 1, "%s MIDI"),
1694 	CONTROL_PORT(0x0582, 0x0114, 2, "%s Control"),
1695 	/* Roland OCTA-CAPTURE */
1696 	EXTERNAL_PORT(0x0582, 0x0120, 0, "%s MIDI"),
1697 	CONTROL_PORT(0x0582, 0x0120, 1, "%s Control"),
1698 	EXTERNAL_PORT(0x0582, 0x0121, 0, "%s MIDI"),
1699 	CONTROL_PORT(0x0582, 0x0121, 1, "%s Control"),
1700 	/* Roland SPD-SX */
1701 	CONTROL_PORT(0x0582, 0x0145, 0, "%s Control"),
1702 	EXTERNAL_PORT(0x0582, 0x0145, 1, "%s MIDI"),
1703 	/* Roland A-Series */
1704 	CONTROL_PORT(0x0582, 0x0156, 0, "%s Keyboard"),
1705 	EXTERNAL_PORT(0x0582, 0x0156, 1, "%s MIDI"),
1706 	/* Roland INTEGRA-7 */
1707 	ROLAND_SYNTH_PORT(0x0582, 0x015b, 0, "%s Synth", 128),
1708 	CONTROL_PORT(0x0582, 0x015b, 1, "%s Control"),
1709 	/* M-Audio MidiSport 8x8 */
1710 	CONTROL_PORT(0x0763, 0x1031, 8, "%s Control"),
1711 	CONTROL_PORT(0x0763, 0x1033, 8, "%s Control"),
1712 	/* MOTU Fastlane */
1713 	EXTERNAL_PORT(0x07fd, 0x0001, 0, "%s MIDI A"),
1714 	EXTERNAL_PORT(0x07fd, 0x0001, 1, "%s MIDI B"),
1715 	/* Emagic Unitor8/AMT8/MT4 */
1716 	EXTERNAL_PORT(0x086a, 0x0001, 8, "%s Broadcast"),
1717 	EXTERNAL_PORT(0x086a, 0x0002, 8, "%s Broadcast"),
1718 	EXTERNAL_PORT(0x086a, 0x0003, 4, "%s Broadcast"),
1719 	/* Akai MPD16 */
1720 	CONTROL_PORT(0x09e8, 0x0062, 0, "%s Control"),
1721 	PORT_INFO(0x09e8, 0x0062, 1, "%s MIDI", 0,
1722 		SNDRV_SEQ_PORT_TYPE_MIDI_GENERIC |
1723 		SNDRV_SEQ_PORT_TYPE_HARDWARE),
1724 	/* Access Music Virus TI */
1725 	EXTERNAL_PORT(0x133e, 0x0815, 0, "%s MIDI"),
1726 	PORT_INFO(0x133e, 0x0815, 1, "%s Synth", 0,
1727 		SNDRV_SEQ_PORT_TYPE_MIDI_GENERIC |
1728 		SNDRV_SEQ_PORT_TYPE_HARDWARE |
1729 		SNDRV_SEQ_PORT_TYPE_SYNTHESIZER),
1730 };
1731 
1732 static struct port_info *find_port_info(struct snd_usb_midi *umidi, int number)
1733 {
1734 	int i;
1735 
1736 	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(snd_usbmidi_port_info); ++i) {
1737 		if (snd_usbmidi_port_info[i].id == umidi->usb_id &&
1738 		    snd_usbmidi_port_info[i].port == number)
1739 			return &snd_usbmidi_port_info[i];
1740 	}
1741 	return NULL;
1742 }
1743 
1744 static void snd_usbmidi_get_port_info(struct snd_rawmidi *rmidi, int number,
1745 				      struct snd_seq_port_info *seq_port_info)
1746 {
1747 	struct snd_usb_midi *umidi = rmidi->private_data;
1748 	struct port_info *port_info;
1749 
1750 	/* TODO: read port flags from descriptors */
1751 	port_info = find_port_info(umidi, number);
1752 	if (port_info) {
1753 		seq_port_info->type = port_info->seq_flags;
1754 		seq_port_info->midi_voices = port_info->voices;
1755 	}
1756 }
1757 
1758 static void snd_usbmidi_init_substream(struct snd_usb_midi *umidi,
1759 				       int stream, int number,
1760 				       struct snd_rawmidi_substream **rsubstream)
1761 {
1762 	struct port_info *port_info;
1763 	const char *name_format;
1764 
1765 	struct snd_rawmidi_substream *substream =
1766 		snd_usbmidi_find_substream(umidi, stream, number);
1767 	if (!substream) {
1768 		dev_err(&umidi->dev->dev, "substream %d:%d not found\n", stream,
1769 			number);
1770 		return;
1771 	}
1772 
1773 	/* TODO: read port name from jack descriptor */
1774 	port_info = find_port_info(umidi, number);
1775 	name_format = port_info ? port_info->name : "%s MIDI %d";
1776 	snprintf(substream->name, sizeof(substream->name),
1777 		 name_format, umidi->card->shortname, number + 1);
1778 
1779 	*rsubstream = substream;
1780 }
1781 
1782 /*
1783  * Creates the endpoints and their ports.
1784  */
1785 static int snd_usbmidi_create_endpoints(struct snd_usb_midi *umidi,
1786 					struct snd_usb_midi_endpoint_info *endpoints)
1787 {
1788 	int i, j, err;
1789 	int out_ports = 0, in_ports = 0;
1790 
1791 	for (i = 0; i < MIDI_MAX_ENDPOINTS; ++i) {
1792 		if (endpoints[i].out_cables) {
1793 			err = snd_usbmidi_out_endpoint_create(umidi,
1794 							      &endpoints[i],
1795 							      &umidi->endpoints[i]);
1796 			if (err < 0)
1797 				return err;
1798 		}
1799 		if (endpoints[i].in_cables) {
1800 			err = snd_usbmidi_in_endpoint_create(umidi,
1801 							     &endpoints[i],
1802 							     &umidi->endpoints[i]);
1803 			if (err < 0)
1804 				return err;
1805 		}
1806 
1807 		for (j = 0; j < 0x10; ++j) {
1808 			if (endpoints[i].out_cables & (1 << j)) {
1809 				snd_usbmidi_init_substream(umidi,
1810 							   SNDRV_RAWMIDI_STREAM_OUTPUT,
1811 							   out_ports,
1812 							   &umidi->endpoints[i].out->ports[j].substream);
1813 				++out_ports;
1814 			}
1815 			if (endpoints[i].in_cables & (1 << j)) {
1816 				snd_usbmidi_init_substream(umidi,
1817 							   SNDRV_RAWMIDI_STREAM_INPUT,
1818 							   in_ports,
1819 							   &umidi->endpoints[i].in->ports[j].substream);
1820 				++in_ports;
1821 			}
1822 		}
1823 	}
1824 	dev_dbg(&umidi->dev->dev, "created %d output and %d input ports\n",
1825 		    out_ports, in_ports);
1826 	return 0;
1827 }
1828 
1829 /*
1830  * Returns MIDIStreaming device capabilities.
1831  */
1832 static int snd_usbmidi_get_ms_info(struct snd_usb_midi *umidi,
1833 				   struct snd_usb_midi_endpoint_info *endpoints)
1834 {
1835 	struct usb_interface *intf;
1836 	struct usb_host_interface *hostif;
1837 	struct usb_interface_descriptor *intfd;
1838 	struct usb_ms_header_descriptor *ms_header;
1839 	struct usb_host_endpoint *hostep;
1840 	struct usb_endpoint_descriptor *ep;
1841 	struct usb_ms_endpoint_descriptor *ms_ep;
1842 	int i, epidx;
1843 
1844 	intf = umidi->iface;
1845 	if (!intf)
1846 		return -ENXIO;
1847 	hostif = &intf->altsetting[0];
1848 	intfd = get_iface_desc(hostif);
1849 	ms_header = (struct usb_ms_header_descriptor *)hostif->extra;
1850 	if (hostif->extralen >= 7 &&
1851 	    ms_header->bLength >= 7 &&
1852 	    ms_header->bDescriptorType == USB_DT_CS_INTERFACE &&
1853 	    ms_header->bDescriptorSubtype == UAC_HEADER)
1854 		dev_dbg(&umidi->dev->dev, "MIDIStreaming version %02x.%02x\n",
1855 			    ms_header->bcdMSC[1], ms_header->bcdMSC[0]);
1856 	else
1857 		dev_warn(&umidi->dev->dev,
1858 			 "MIDIStreaming interface descriptor not found\n");
1859 
1860 	epidx = 0;
1861 	for (i = 0; i < intfd->bNumEndpoints; ++i) {
1862 		hostep = &hostif->endpoint[i];
1863 		ep = get_ep_desc(hostep);
1864 		if (!usb_endpoint_xfer_bulk(ep) && !usb_endpoint_xfer_int(ep))
1865 			continue;
1866 		ms_ep = (struct usb_ms_endpoint_descriptor *)hostep->extra;
1867 		if (hostep->extralen < 4 ||
1868 		    ms_ep->bLength < 4 ||
1869 		    ms_ep->bDescriptorType != USB_DT_CS_ENDPOINT ||
1870 		    ms_ep->bDescriptorSubtype != UAC_MS_GENERAL)
1871 			continue;
1872 		if (usb_endpoint_dir_out(ep)) {
1873 			if (endpoints[epidx].out_ep) {
1874 				if (++epidx >= MIDI_MAX_ENDPOINTS) {
1875 					dev_warn(&umidi->dev->dev,
1876 						 "too many endpoints\n");
1877 					break;
1878 				}
1879 			}
1880 			endpoints[epidx].out_ep = usb_endpoint_num(ep);
1881 			if (usb_endpoint_xfer_int(ep))
1882 				endpoints[epidx].out_interval = ep->bInterval;
1883 			else if (snd_usb_get_speed(umidi->dev) == USB_SPEED_LOW)
1884 				/*
1885 				 * Low speed bulk transfers don't exist, so
1886 				 * force interrupt transfers for devices like
1887 				 * ESI MIDI Mate that try to use them anyway.
1888 				 */
1889 				endpoints[epidx].out_interval = 1;
1890 			endpoints[epidx].out_cables =
1891 				(1 << ms_ep->bNumEmbMIDIJack) - 1;
1892 			dev_dbg(&umidi->dev->dev, "EP %02X: %d jack(s)\n",
1893 				ep->bEndpointAddress, ms_ep->bNumEmbMIDIJack);
1894 		} else {
1895 			if (endpoints[epidx].in_ep) {
1896 				if (++epidx >= MIDI_MAX_ENDPOINTS) {
1897 					dev_warn(&umidi->dev->dev,
1898 						 "too many endpoints\n");
1899 					break;
1900 				}
1901 			}
1902 			endpoints[epidx].in_ep = usb_endpoint_num(ep);
1903 			if (usb_endpoint_xfer_int(ep))
1904 				endpoints[epidx].in_interval = ep->bInterval;
1905 			else if (snd_usb_get_speed(umidi->dev) == USB_SPEED_LOW)
1906 				endpoints[epidx].in_interval = 1;
1907 			endpoints[epidx].in_cables =
1908 				(1 << ms_ep->bNumEmbMIDIJack) - 1;
1909 			dev_dbg(&umidi->dev->dev, "EP %02X: %d jack(s)\n",
1910 				ep->bEndpointAddress, ms_ep->bNumEmbMIDIJack);
1911 		}
1912 	}
1913 	return 0;
1914 }
1915 
1916 static int roland_load_info(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
1917 			    struct snd_ctl_elem_info *info)
1918 {
1919 	static const char *const names[] = { "High Load", "Light Load" };
1920 
1921 	return snd_ctl_enum_info(info, 1, 2, names);
1922 }
1923 
1924 static int roland_load_get(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
1925 			   struct snd_ctl_elem_value *value)
1926 {
1927 	value->value.enumerated.item[0] = kcontrol->private_value;
1928 	return 0;
1929 }
1930 
1931 static int roland_load_put(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
1932 			   struct snd_ctl_elem_value *value)
1933 {
1934 	struct snd_usb_midi *umidi = kcontrol->private_data;
1935 	int changed;
1936 
1937 	if (value->value.enumerated.item[0] > 1)
1938 		return -EINVAL;
1939 	mutex_lock(&umidi->mutex);
1940 	changed = value->value.enumerated.item[0] != kcontrol->private_value;
1941 	if (changed)
1942 		kcontrol->private_value = value->value.enumerated.item[0];
1943 	mutex_unlock(&umidi->mutex);
1944 	return changed;
1945 }
1946 
1947 static const struct snd_kcontrol_new roland_load_ctl = {
1948 	.iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER,
1949 	.name = "MIDI Input Mode",
1950 	.info = roland_load_info,
1951 	.get = roland_load_get,
1952 	.put = roland_load_put,
1953 	.private_value = 1,
1954 };
1955 
1956 /*
1957  * On Roland devices, use the second alternate setting to be able to use
1958  * the interrupt input endpoint.
1959  */
1960 static void snd_usbmidi_switch_roland_altsetting(struct snd_usb_midi *umidi)
1961 {
1962 	struct usb_interface *intf;
1963 	struct usb_host_interface *hostif;
1964 	struct usb_interface_descriptor *intfd;
1965 
1966 	intf = umidi->iface;
1967 	if (!intf || intf->num_altsetting != 2)
1968 		return;
1969 
1970 	hostif = &intf->altsetting[1];
1971 	intfd = get_iface_desc(hostif);
1972        /* If either or both of the endpoints support interrupt transfer,
1973         * then use the alternate setting
1974         */
1975 	if (intfd->bNumEndpoints != 2 ||
1976 	    !((get_endpoint(hostif, 0)->bmAttributes &
1977 	       USB_ENDPOINT_XFERTYPE_MASK) == USB_ENDPOINT_XFER_INT ||
1978 	      (get_endpoint(hostif, 1)->bmAttributes &
1979 	       USB_ENDPOINT_XFERTYPE_MASK) == USB_ENDPOINT_XFER_INT))
1980 		return;
1981 
1982 	dev_dbg(&umidi->dev->dev, "switching to altsetting %d with int ep\n",
1983 		    intfd->bAlternateSetting);
1984 	usb_set_interface(umidi->dev, intfd->bInterfaceNumber,
1985 			  intfd->bAlternateSetting);
1986 
1987 	umidi->roland_load_ctl = snd_ctl_new1(&roland_load_ctl, umidi);
1988 	if (snd_ctl_add(umidi->card, umidi->roland_load_ctl) < 0)
1989 		umidi->roland_load_ctl = NULL;
1990 }
1991 
1992 /*
1993  * Try to find any usable endpoints in the interface.
1994  */
1995 static int snd_usbmidi_detect_endpoints(struct snd_usb_midi *umidi,
1996 					struct snd_usb_midi_endpoint_info *endpoint,
1997 					int max_endpoints)
1998 {
1999 	struct usb_interface *intf;
2000 	struct usb_host_interface *hostif;
2001 	struct usb_interface_descriptor *intfd;
2002 	struct usb_endpoint_descriptor *epd;
2003 	int i, out_eps = 0, in_eps = 0;
2004 
2005 	if (USB_ID_VENDOR(umidi->usb_id) == 0x0582)
2006 		snd_usbmidi_switch_roland_altsetting(umidi);
2007 
2008 	if (endpoint[0].out_ep || endpoint[0].in_ep)
2009 		return 0;
2010 
2011 	intf = umidi->iface;
2012 	if (!intf || intf->num_altsetting < 1)
2013 		return -ENOENT;
2014 	hostif = intf->cur_altsetting;
2015 	intfd = get_iface_desc(hostif);
2016 
2017 	for (i = 0; i < intfd->bNumEndpoints; ++i) {
2018 		epd = get_endpoint(hostif, i);
2019 		if (!usb_endpoint_xfer_bulk(epd) &&
2020 		    !usb_endpoint_xfer_int(epd))
2021 			continue;
2022 		if (out_eps < max_endpoints &&
2023 		    usb_endpoint_dir_out(epd)) {
2024 			endpoint[out_eps].out_ep = usb_endpoint_num(epd);
2025 			if (usb_endpoint_xfer_int(epd))
2026 				endpoint[out_eps].out_interval = epd->bInterval;
2027 			++out_eps;
2028 		}
2029 		if (in_eps < max_endpoints &&
2030 		    usb_endpoint_dir_in(epd)) {
2031 			endpoint[in_eps].in_ep = usb_endpoint_num(epd);
2032 			if (usb_endpoint_xfer_int(epd))
2033 				endpoint[in_eps].in_interval = epd->bInterval;
2034 			++in_eps;
2035 		}
2036 	}
2037 	return (out_eps || in_eps) ? 0 : -ENOENT;
2038 }
2039 
2040 /*
2041  * Detects the endpoints for one-port-per-endpoint protocols.
2042  */
2043 static int snd_usbmidi_detect_per_port_endpoints(struct snd_usb_midi *umidi,
2044 						 struct snd_usb_midi_endpoint_info *endpoints)
2045 {
2046 	int err, i;
2047 
2048 	err = snd_usbmidi_detect_endpoints(umidi, endpoints, MIDI_MAX_ENDPOINTS);
2049 	for (i = 0; i < MIDI_MAX_ENDPOINTS; ++i) {
2050 		if (endpoints[i].out_ep)
2051 			endpoints[i].out_cables = 0x0001;
2052 		if (endpoints[i].in_ep)
2053 			endpoints[i].in_cables = 0x0001;
2054 	}
2055 	return err;
2056 }
2057 
2058 /*
2059  * Detects the endpoints and ports of Yamaha devices.
2060  */
2061 static int snd_usbmidi_detect_yamaha(struct snd_usb_midi *umidi,
2062 				     struct snd_usb_midi_endpoint_info *endpoint)
2063 {
2064 	struct usb_interface *intf;
2065 	struct usb_host_interface *hostif;
2066 	struct usb_interface_descriptor *intfd;
2067 	uint8_t *cs_desc;
2068 
2069 	intf = umidi->iface;
2070 	if (!intf)
2071 		return -ENOENT;
2072 	hostif = intf->altsetting;
2073 	intfd = get_iface_desc(hostif);
2074 	if (intfd->bNumEndpoints < 1)
2075 		return -ENOENT;
2076 
2077 	/*
2078 	 * For each port there is one MIDI_IN/OUT_JACK descriptor, not
2079 	 * necessarily with any useful contents.  So simply count 'em.
2080 	 */
2081 	for (cs_desc = hostif->extra;
2082 	     cs_desc < hostif->extra + hostif->extralen && cs_desc[0] >= 2;
2083 	     cs_desc += cs_desc[0]) {
2084 		if (cs_desc[1] == USB_DT_CS_INTERFACE) {
2085 			if (cs_desc[2] == UAC_MIDI_IN_JACK)
2086 				endpoint->in_cables =
2087 					(endpoint->in_cables << 1) | 1;
2088 			else if (cs_desc[2] == UAC_MIDI_OUT_JACK)
2089 				endpoint->out_cables =
2090 					(endpoint->out_cables << 1) | 1;
2091 		}
2092 	}
2093 	if (!endpoint->in_cables && !endpoint->out_cables)
2094 		return -ENOENT;
2095 
2096 	return snd_usbmidi_detect_endpoints(umidi, endpoint, 1);
2097 }
2098 
2099 /*
2100  * Detects the endpoints and ports of Roland devices.
2101  */
2102 static int snd_usbmidi_detect_roland(struct snd_usb_midi *umidi,
2103 				     struct snd_usb_midi_endpoint_info *endpoint)
2104 {
2105 	struct usb_interface *intf;
2106 	struct usb_host_interface *hostif;
2107 	u8 *cs_desc;
2108 
2109 	intf = umidi->iface;
2110 	if (!intf)
2111 		return -ENOENT;
2112 	hostif = intf->altsetting;
2113 	/*
2114 	 * Some devices have a descriptor <06 24 F1 02 <inputs> <outputs>>,
2115 	 * some have standard class descriptors, or both kinds, or neither.
2116 	 */
2117 	for (cs_desc = hostif->extra;
2118 	     cs_desc < hostif->extra + hostif->extralen && cs_desc[0] >= 2;
2119 	     cs_desc += cs_desc[0]) {
2120 		if (cs_desc[0] >= 6 &&
2121 		    cs_desc[1] == USB_DT_CS_INTERFACE &&
2122 		    cs_desc[2] == 0xf1 &&
2123 		    cs_desc[3] == 0x02) {
2124 			endpoint->in_cables  = (1 << cs_desc[4]) - 1;
2125 			endpoint->out_cables = (1 << cs_desc[5]) - 1;
2126 			return snd_usbmidi_detect_endpoints(umidi, endpoint, 1);
2127 		} else if (cs_desc[0] >= 7 &&
2128 			   cs_desc[1] == USB_DT_CS_INTERFACE &&
2129 			   cs_desc[2] == UAC_HEADER) {
2130 			return snd_usbmidi_get_ms_info(umidi, endpoint);
2131 		}
2132 	}
2133 
2134 	return -ENODEV;
2135 }
2136 
2137 /*
2138  * Creates the endpoints and their ports for Midiman devices.
2139  */
2140 static int snd_usbmidi_create_endpoints_midiman(struct snd_usb_midi *umidi,
2141 						struct snd_usb_midi_endpoint_info *endpoint)
2142 {
2143 	struct snd_usb_midi_endpoint_info ep_info;
2144 	struct usb_interface *intf;
2145 	struct usb_host_interface *hostif;
2146 	struct usb_interface_descriptor *intfd;
2147 	struct usb_endpoint_descriptor *epd;
2148 	int cable, err;
2149 
2150 	intf = umidi->iface;
2151 	if (!intf)
2152 		return -ENOENT;
2153 	hostif = intf->altsetting;
2154 	intfd = get_iface_desc(hostif);
2155 	/*
2156 	 * The various MidiSport devices have more or less random endpoint
2157 	 * numbers, so we have to identify the endpoints by their index in
2158 	 * the descriptor array, like the driver for that other OS does.
2159 	 *
2160 	 * There is one interrupt input endpoint for all input ports, one
2161 	 * bulk output endpoint for even-numbered ports, and one for odd-
2162 	 * numbered ports.  Both bulk output endpoints have corresponding
2163 	 * input bulk endpoints (at indices 1 and 3) which aren't used.
2164 	 */
2165 	if (intfd->bNumEndpoints < (endpoint->out_cables > 0x0001 ? 5 : 3)) {
2166 		dev_dbg(&umidi->dev->dev, "not enough endpoints\n");
2167 		return -ENOENT;
2168 	}
2169 
2170 	epd = get_endpoint(hostif, 0);
2171 	if (!usb_endpoint_dir_in(epd) || !usb_endpoint_xfer_int(epd)) {
2172 		dev_dbg(&umidi->dev->dev, "endpoint[0] isn't interrupt\n");
2173 		return -ENXIO;
2174 	}
2175 	epd = get_endpoint(hostif, 2);
2176 	if (!usb_endpoint_dir_out(epd) || !usb_endpoint_xfer_bulk(epd)) {
2177 		dev_dbg(&umidi->dev->dev, "endpoint[2] isn't bulk output\n");
2178 		return -ENXIO;
2179 	}
2180 	if (endpoint->out_cables > 0x0001) {
2181 		epd = get_endpoint(hostif, 4);
2182 		if (!usb_endpoint_dir_out(epd) ||
2183 		    !usb_endpoint_xfer_bulk(epd)) {
2184 			dev_dbg(&umidi->dev->dev,
2185 				"endpoint[4] isn't bulk output\n");
2186 			return -ENXIO;
2187 		}
2188 	}
2189 
2190 	ep_info.out_ep = get_endpoint(hostif, 2)->bEndpointAddress &
2191 		USB_ENDPOINT_NUMBER_MASK;
2192 	ep_info.out_interval = 0;
2193 	ep_info.out_cables = endpoint->out_cables & 0x5555;
2194 	err = snd_usbmidi_out_endpoint_create(umidi, &ep_info,
2195 					      &umidi->endpoints[0]);
2196 	if (err < 0)
2197 		return err;
2198 
2199 	ep_info.in_ep = get_endpoint(hostif, 0)->bEndpointAddress &
2200 		USB_ENDPOINT_NUMBER_MASK;
2201 	ep_info.in_interval = get_endpoint(hostif, 0)->bInterval;
2202 	ep_info.in_cables = endpoint->in_cables;
2203 	err = snd_usbmidi_in_endpoint_create(umidi, &ep_info,
2204 					     &umidi->endpoints[0]);
2205 	if (err < 0)
2206 		return err;
2207 
2208 	if (endpoint->out_cables > 0x0001) {
2209 		ep_info.out_ep = get_endpoint(hostif, 4)->bEndpointAddress &
2210 			USB_ENDPOINT_NUMBER_MASK;
2211 		ep_info.out_cables = endpoint->out_cables & 0xaaaa;
2212 		err = snd_usbmidi_out_endpoint_create(umidi, &ep_info,
2213 						      &umidi->endpoints[1]);
2214 		if (err < 0)
2215 			return err;
2216 	}
2217 
2218 	for (cable = 0; cable < 0x10; ++cable) {
2219 		if (endpoint->out_cables & (1 << cable))
2220 			snd_usbmidi_init_substream(umidi,
2221 						   SNDRV_RAWMIDI_STREAM_OUTPUT,
2222 						   cable,
2223 						   &umidi->endpoints[cable & 1].out->ports[cable].substream);
2224 		if (endpoint->in_cables & (1 << cable))
2225 			snd_usbmidi_init_substream(umidi,
2226 						   SNDRV_RAWMIDI_STREAM_INPUT,
2227 						   cable,
2228 						   &umidi->endpoints[0].in->ports[cable].substream);
2229 	}
2230 	return 0;
2231 }
2232 
2233 static const struct snd_rawmidi_global_ops snd_usbmidi_ops = {
2234 	.get_port_info = snd_usbmidi_get_port_info,
2235 };
2236 
2237 static int snd_usbmidi_create_rawmidi(struct snd_usb_midi *umidi,
2238 				      int out_ports, int in_ports)
2239 {
2240 	struct snd_rawmidi *rmidi;
2241 	int err;
2242 
2243 	err = snd_rawmidi_new(umidi->card, "USB MIDI",
2244 			      umidi->next_midi_device++,
2245 			      out_ports, in_ports, &rmidi);
2246 	if (err < 0)
2247 		return err;
2248 	strcpy(rmidi->name, umidi->card->shortname);
2249 	rmidi->info_flags = SNDRV_RAWMIDI_INFO_OUTPUT |
2250 			    SNDRV_RAWMIDI_INFO_INPUT |
2251 			    SNDRV_RAWMIDI_INFO_DUPLEX;
2252 	rmidi->ops = &snd_usbmidi_ops;
2253 	rmidi->private_data = umidi;
2254 	rmidi->private_free = snd_usbmidi_rawmidi_free;
2255 	snd_rawmidi_set_ops(rmidi, SNDRV_RAWMIDI_STREAM_OUTPUT,
2256 			    &snd_usbmidi_output_ops);
2257 	snd_rawmidi_set_ops(rmidi, SNDRV_RAWMIDI_STREAM_INPUT,
2258 			    &snd_usbmidi_input_ops);
2259 
2260 	umidi->rmidi = rmidi;
2261 	return 0;
2262 }
2263 
2264 /*
2265  * Temporarily stop input.
2266  */
2267 void snd_usbmidi_input_stop(struct list_head *p)
2268 {
2269 	struct snd_usb_midi *umidi;
2270 	unsigned int i, j;
2271 
2272 	umidi = list_entry(p, struct snd_usb_midi, list);
2273 	if (!umidi->input_running)
2274 		return;
2275 	for (i = 0; i < MIDI_MAX_ENDPOINTS; ++i) {
2276 		struct snd_usb_midi_endpoint *ep = &umidi->endpoints[i];
2277 		if (ep->in)
2278 			for (j = 0; j < INPUT_URBS; ++j)
2279 				usb_kill_urb(ep->in->urbs[j]);
2280 	}
2281 	umidi->input_running = 0;
2282 }
2283 EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_usbmidi_input_stop);
2284 
2285 static void snd_usbmidi_input_start_ep(struct snd_usb_midi_in_endpoint *ep)
2286 {
2287 	unsigned int i;
2288 
2289 	if (!ep)
2290 		return;
2291 	for (i = 0; i < INPUT_URBS; ++i) {
2292 		struct urb *urb = ep->urbs[i];
2293 		urb->dev = ep->umidi->dev;
2294 		snd_usbmidi_submit_urb(urb, GFP_KERNEL);
2295 	}
2296 }
2297 
2298 /*
2299  * Resume input after a call to snd_usbmidi_input_stop().
2300  */
2301 void snd_usbmidi_input_start(struct list_head *p)
2302 {
2303 	struct snd_usb_midi *umidi;
2304 	int i;
2305 
2306 	umidi = list_entry(p, struct snd_usb_midi, list);
2307 	if (umidi->input_running || !umidi->opened[1])
2308 		return;
2309 	for (i = 0; i < MIDI_MAX_ENDPOINTS; ++i)
2310 		snd_usbmidi_input_start_ep(umidi->endpoints[i].in);
2311 	umidi->input_running = 1;
2312 }
2313 EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_usbmidi_input_start);
2314 
2315 /*
2316  * Prepare for suspend. Typically called from the USB suspend callback.
2317  */
2318 void snd_usbmidi_suspend(struct list_head *p)
2319 {
2320 	struct snd_usb_midi *umidi;
2321 
2322 	umidi = list_entry(p, struct snd_usb_midi, list);
2323 	mutex_lock(&umidi->mutex);
2324 	snd_usbmidi_input_stop(p);
2325 	mutex_unlock(&umidi->mutex);
2326 }
2327 EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_usbmidi_suspend);
2328 
2329 /*
2330  * Resume. Typically called from the USB resume callback.
2331  */
2332 void snd_usbmidi_resume(struct list_head *p)
2333 {
2334 	struct snd_usb_midi *umidi;
2335 
2336 	umidi = list_entry(p, struct snd_usb_midi, list);
2337 	mutex_lock(&umidi->mutex);
2338 	snd_usbmidi_input_start(p);
2339 	mutex_unlock(&umidi->mutex);
2340 }
2341 EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_usbmidi_resume);
2342 
2343 /*
2344  * Creates and registers everything needed for a MIDI streaming interface.
2345  */
2346 int __snd_usbmidi_create(struct snd_card *card,
2347 			 struct usb_interface *iface,
2348 			 struct list_head *midi_list,
2349 			 const struct snd_usb_audio_quirk *quirk,
2350 			 unsigned int usb_id)
2351 {
2352 	struct snd_usb_midi *umidi;
2353 	struct snd_usb_midi_endpoint_info endpoints[MIDI_MAX_ENDPOINTS];
2354 	int out_ports, in_ports;
2355 	int i, err;
2356 
2357 	umidi = kzalloc(sizeof(*umidi), GFP_KERNEL);
2358 	if (!umidi)
2359 		return -ENOMEM;
2360 	umidi->dev = interface_to_usbdev(iface);
2361 	umidi->card = card;
2362 	umidi->iface = iface;
2363 	umidi->quirk = quirk;
2364 	umidi->usb_protocol_ops = &snd_usbmidi_standard_ops;
2365 	spin_lock_init(&umidi->disc_lock);
2366 	init_rwsem(&umidi->disc_rwsem);
2367 	mutex_init(&umidi->mutex);
2368 	if (!usb_id)
2369 		usb_id = USB_ID(le16_to_cpu(umidi->dev->descriptor.idVendor),
2370 			       le16_to_cpu(umidi->dev->descriptor.idProduct));
2371 	umidi->usb_id = usb_id;
2372 	timer_setup(&umidi->error_timer, snd_usbmidi_error_timer, 0);
2373 
2374 	/* detect the endpoint(s) to use */
2375 	memset(endpoints, 0, sizeof(endpoints));
2376 	switch (quirk ? quirk->type : QUIRK_MIDI_STANDARD_INTERFACE) {
2377 	case QUIRK_MIDI_STANDARD_INTERFACE:
2378 		err = snd_usbmidi_get_ms_info(umidi, endpoints);
2379 		if (umidi->usb_id == USB_ID(0x0763, 0x0150)) /* M-Audio Uno */
2380 			umidi->usb_protocol_ops =
2381 				&snd_usbmidi_maudio_broken_running_status_ops;
2382 		break;
2383 	case QUIRK_MIDI_US122L:
2384 		umidi->usb_protocol_ops = &snd_usbmidi_122l_ops;
2385 		/* fall through */
2386 	case QUIRK_MIDI_FIXED_ENDPOINT:
2387 		memcpy(&endpoints[0], quirk->data,
2388 		       sizeof(struct snd_usb_midi_endpoint_info));
2389 		err = snd_usbmidi_detect_endpoints(umidi, &endpoints[0], 1);
2390 		break;
2391 	case QUIRK_MIDI_YAMAHA:
2392 		err = snd_usbmidi_detect_yamaha(umidi, &endpoints[0]);
2393 		break;
2394 	case QUIRK_MIDI_ROLAND:
2395 		err = snd_usbmidi_detect_roland(umidi, &endpoints[0]);
2396 		break;
2397 	case QUIRK_MIDI_MIDIMAN:
2398 		umidi->usb_protocol_ops = &snd_usbmidi_midiman_ops;
2399 		memcpy(&endpoints[0], quirk->data,
2400 		       sizeof(struct snd_usb_midi_endpoint_info));
2401 		err = 0;
2402 		break;
2403 	case QUIRK_MIDI_NOVATION:
2404 		umidi->usb_protocol_ops = &snd_usbmidi_novation_ops;
2405 		err = snd_usbmidi_detect_per_port_endpoints(umidi, endpoints);
2406 		break;
2407 	case QUIRK_MIDI_RAW_BYTES:
2408 		umidi->usb_protocol_ops = &snd_usbmidi_raw_ops;
2409 		/*
2410 		 * Interface 1 contains isochronous endpoints, but with the same
2411 		 * numbers as in interface 0.  Since it is interface 1 that the
2412 		 * USB core has most recently seen, these descriptors are now
2413 		 * associated with the endpoint numbers.  This will foul up our
2414 		 * attempts to submit bulk/interrupt URBs to the endpoints in
2415 		 * interface 0, so we have to make sure that the USB core looks
2416 		 * again at interface 0 by calling usb_set_interface() on it.
2417 		 */
2418 		if (umidi->usb_id == USB_ID(0x07fd, 0x0001)) /* MOTU Fastlane */
2419 			usb_set_interface(umidi->dev, 0, 0);
2420 		err = snd_usbmidi_detect_per_port_endpoints(umidi, endpoints);
2421 		break;
2422 	case QUIRK_MIDI_EMAGIC:
2423 		umidi->usb_protocol_ops = &snd_usbmidi_emagic_ops;
2424 		memcpy(&endpoints[0], quirk->data,
2425 		       sizeof(struct snd_usb_midi_endpoint_info));
2426 		err = snd_usbmidi_detect_endpoints(umidi, &endpoints[0], 1);
2427 		break;
2428 	case QUIRK_MIDI_CME:
2429 		umidi->usb_protocol_ops = &snd_usbmidi_cme_ops;
2430 		err = snd_usbmidi_detect_per_port_endpoints(umidi, endpoints);
2431 		break;
2432 	case QUIRK_MIDI_AKAI:
2433 		umidi->usb_protocol_ops = &snd_usbmidi_akai_ops;
2434 		err = snd_usbmidi_detect_per_port_endpoints(umidi, endpoints);
2435 		/* endpoint 1 is input-only */
2436 		endpoints[1].out_cables = 0;
2437 		break;
2438 	case QUIRK_MIDI_FTDI:
2439 		umidi->usb_protocol_ops = &snd_usbmidi_ftdi_ops;
2440 
2441 		/* set baud rate to 31250 (48 MHz / 16 / 96) */
2442 		err = usb_control_msg(umidi->dev, usb_sndctrlpipe(umidi->dev, 0),
2443 				      3, 0x40, 0x60, 0, NULL, 0, 1000);
2444 		if (err < 0)
2445 			break;
2446 
2447 		err = snd_usbmidi_detect_per_port_endpoints(umidi, endpoints);
2448 		break;
2449 	case QUIRK_MIDI_CH345:
2450 		umidi->usb_protocol_ops = &snd_usbmidi_ch345_broken_sysex_ops;
2451 		err = snd_usbmidi_detect_per_port_endpoints(umidi, endpoints);
2452 		break;
2453 	default:
2454 		dev_err(&umidi->dev->dev, "invalid quirk type %d\n",
2455 			quirk->type);
2456 		err = -ENXIO;
2457 		break;
2458 	}
2459 	if (err < 0)
2460 		goto free_midi;
2461 
2462 	/* create rawmidi device */
2463 	out_ports = 0;
2464 	in_ports = 0;
2465 	for (i = 0; i < MIDI_MAX_ENDPOINTS; ++i) {
2466 		out_ports += hweight16(endpoints[i].out_cables);
2467 		in_ports += hweight16(endpoints[i].in_cables);
2468 	}
2469 	err = snd_usbmidi_create_rawmidi(umidi, out_ports, in_ports);
2470 	if (err < 0)
2471 		goto free_midi;
2472 
2473 	/* create endpoint/port structures */
2474 	if (quirk && quirk->type == QUIRK_MIDI_MIDIMAN)
2475 		err = snd_usbmidi_create_endpoints_midiman(umidi, &endpoints[0]);
2476 	else
2477 		err = snd_usbmidi_create_endpoints(umidi, endpoints);
2478 	if (err < 0)
2479 		goto exit;
2480 
2481 	usb_autopm_get_interface_no_resume(umidi->iface);
2482 
2483 	list_add_tail(&umidi->list, midi_list);
2484 	return 0;
2485 
2486 free_midi:
2487 	kfree(umidi);
2488 exit:
2489 	return err;
2490 }
2491 EXPORT_SYMBOL(__snd_usbmidi_create);
2492