xref: /linux/sound/usb/midi.c (revision 6c363eafc4d637ac4bd83d4a7dd06dd3cfbe7c5f)
1 /*
2  * usbmidi.c - ALSA USB MIDI driver
3  *
4  * Copyright (c) 2002-2009 Clemens Ladisch
5  * All rights reserved.
6  *
7  * Based on the OSS usb-midi driver by NAGANO Daisuke,
8  *          NetBSD's umidi driver by Takuya SHIOZAKI,
9  *          the "USB Device Class Definition for MIDI Devices" by Roland
10  *
11  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
12  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
13  * are met:
14  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
15  *    notice, this list of conditions, and the following disclaimer,
16  *    without modification.
17  * 2. The name of the author may not be used to endorse or promote products
18  *    derived from this software without specific prior written permission.
19  *
20  * Alternatively, this software may be distributed and/or modified under the
21  * terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software
22  * Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your option) any later
23  * version.
24  *
25  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
26  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
27  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
28  * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR
29  * ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
30  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
31  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
32  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
33  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
34  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
35  * SUCH DAMAGE.
36  */
37 
38 #include <linux/kernel.h>
39 #include <linux/types.h>
40 #include <linux/bitops.h>
41 #include <linux/interrupt.h>
42 #include <linux/spinlock.h>
43 #include <linux/string.h>
44 #include <linux/init.h>
45 #include <linux/slab.h>
46 #include <linux/timer.h>
47 #include <linux/usb.h>
48 #include <linux/wait.h>
49 #include <linux/usb/audio.h>
50 #include <linux/module.h>
51 
52 #include <sound/core.h>
53 #include <sound/control.h>
54 #include <sound/rawmidi.h>
55 #include <sound/asequencer.h>
56 #include "usbaudio.h"
57 #include "midi.h"
58 #include "power.h"
59 #include "helper.h"
60 
61 /*
62  * define this to log all USB packets
63  */
64 /* #define DUMP_PACKETS */
65 
66 /*
67  * how long to wait after some USB errors, so that hub_wq can disconnect() us
68  * without too many spurious errors
69  */
70 #define ERROR_DELAY_JIFFIES (HZ / 10)
71 
72 #define OUTPUT_URBS 7
73 #define INPUT_URBS 7
74 
75 
76 MODULE_AUTHOR("Clemens Ladisch <clemens@ladisch.de>");
77 MODULE_DESCRIPTION("USB Audio/MIDI helper module");
78 MODULE_LICENSE("Dual BSD/GPL");
79 
80 
81 struct usb_ms_header_descriptor {
82 	__u8  bLength;
83 	__u8  bDescriptorType;
84 	__u8  bDescriptorSubtype;
85 	__u8  bcdMSC[2];
86 	__le16 wTotalLength;
87 } __attribute__ ((packed));
88 
89 struct usb_ms_endpoint_descriptor {
90 	__u8  bLength;
91 	__u8  bDescriptorType;
92 	__u8  bDescriptorSubtype;
93 	__u8  bNumEmbMIDIJack;
94 	__u8  baAssocJackID[];
95 } __attribute__ ((packed));
96 
97 struct snd_usb_midi_in_endpoint;
98 struct snd_usb_midi_out_endpoint;
99 struct snd_usb_midi_endpoint;
100 
101 struct usb_protocol_ops {
102 	void (*input)(struct snd_usb_midi_in_endpoint*, uint8_t*, int);
103 	void (*output)(struct snd_usb_midi_out_endpoint *ep, struct urb *urb);
104 	void (*output_packet)(struct urb*, uint8_t, uint8_t, uint8_t, uint8_t);
105 	void (*init_out_endpoint)(struct snd_usb_midi_out_endpoint *);
106 	void (*finish_out_endpoint)(struct snd_usb_midi_out_endpoint *);
107 };
108 
109 struct snd_usb_midi {
110 	struct usb_device *dev;
111 	struct snd_card *card;
112 	struct usb_interface *iface;
113 	const struct snd_usb_audio_quirk *quirk;
114 	struct snd_rawmidi *rmidi;
115 	const struct usb_protocol_ops *usb_protocol_ops;
116 	struct list_head list;
117 	struct timer_list error_timer;
118 	spinlock_t disc_lock;
119 	struct rw_semaphore disc_rwsem;
120 	struct mutex mutex;
121 	u32 usb_id;
122 	int next_midi_device;
123 
124 	struct snd_usb_midi_endpoint {
125 		struct snd_usb_midi_out_endpoint *out;
126 		struct snd_usb_midi_in_endpoint *in;
127 	} endpoints[MIDI_MAX_ENDPOINTS];
128 	unsigned long input_triggered;
129 	unsigned int opened[2];
130 	unsigned char disconnected;
131 	unsigned char input_running;
132 
133 	struct snd_kcontrol *roland_load_ctl;
134 };
135 
136 struct snd_usb_midi_out_endpoint {
137 	struct snd_usb_midi *umidi;
138 	struct out_urb_context {
139 		struct urb *urb;
140 		struct snd_usb_midi_out_endpoint *ep;
141 	} urbs[OUTPUT_URBS];
142 	unsigned int active_urbs;
143 	unsigned int drain_urbs;
144 	int max_transfer;		/* size of urb buffer */
145 	struct work_struct work;
146 	unsigned int next_urb;
147 	spinlock_t buffer_lock;
148 
149 	struct usbmidi_out_port {
150 		struct snd_usb_midi_out_endpoint *ep;
151 		struct snd_rawmidi_substream *substream;
152 		int active;
153 		uint8_t cable;		/* cable number << 4 */
154 		uint8_t state;
155 #define STATE_UNKNOWN	0
156 #define STATE_1PARAM	1
157 #define STATE_2PARAM_1	2
158 #define STATE_2PARAM_2	3
159 #define STATE_SYSEX_0	4
160 #define STATE_SYSEX_1	5
161 #define STATE_SYSEX_2	6
162 		uint8_t data[2];
163 	} ports[0x10];
164 	int current_port;
165 
166 	wait_queue_head_t drain_wait;
167 };
168 
169 struct snd_usb_midi_in_endpoint {
170 	struct snd_usb_midi *umidi;
171 	struct urb *urbs[INPUT_URBS];
172 	struct usbmidi_in_port {
173 		struct snd_rawmidi_substream *substream;
174 		u8 running_status_length;
175 	} ports[0x10];
176 	u8 seen_f5;
177 	bool in_sysex;
178 	u8 last_cin;
179 	u8 error_resubmit;
180 	int current_port;
181 };
182 
183 static void snd_usbmidi_do_output(struct snd_usb_midi_out_endpoint *ep);
184 
185 static const uint8_t snd_usbmidi_cin_length[] = {
186 	0, 0, 2, 3, 3, 1, 2, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 2, 2, 3, 1
187 };
188 
189 /*
190  * Submits the URB, with error handling.
191  */
192 static int snd_usbmidi_submit_urb(struct urb *urb, gfp_t flags)
193 {
194 	int err = usb_submit_urb(urb, flags);
195 	if (err < 0 && err != -ENODEV)
196 		dev_err(&urb->dev->dev, "usb_submit_urb: %d\n", err);
197 	return err;
198 }
199 
200 /*
201  * Error handling for URB completion functions.
202  */
203 static int snd_usbmidi_urb_error(const struct urb *urb)
204 {
205 	switch (urb->status) {
206 	/* manually unlinked, or device gone */
207 	case -ENOENT:
208 	case -ECONNRESET:
209 	case -ESHUTDOWN:
210 	case -ENODEV:
211 		return -ENODEV;
212 	/* errors that might occur during unplugging */
213 	case -EPROTO:
214 	case -ETIME:
215 	case -EILSEQ:
216 		return -EIO;
217 	default:
218 		dev_err(&urb->dev->dev, "urb status %d\n", urb->status);
219 		return 0; /* continue */
220 	}
221 }
222 
223 /*
224  * Receives a chunk of MIDI data.
225  */
226 static void snd_usbmidi_input_data(struct snd_usb_midi_in_endpoint *ep,
227 				   int portidx, uint8_t *data, int length)
228 {
229 	struct usbmidi_in_port *port = &ep->ports[portidx];
230 
231 	if (!port->substream) {
232 		dev_dbg(&ep->umidi->dev->dev, "unexpected port %d!\n", portidx);
233 		return;
234 	}
235 	if (!test_bit(port->substream->number, &ep->umidi->input_triggered))
236 		return;
237 	snd_rawmidi_receive(port->substream, data, length);
238 }
239 
240 #ifdef DUMP_PACKETS
241 static void dump_urb(const char *type, const u8 *data, int length)
242 {
243 	snd_printk(KERN_DEBUG "%s packet: [", type);
244 	for (; length > 0; ++data, --length)
245 		printk(KERN_CONT " %02x", *data);
246 	printk(KERN_CONT " ]\n");
247 }
248 #else
249 #define dump_urb(type, data, length) /* nothing */
250 #endif
251 
252 /*
253  * Processes the data read from the device.
254  */
255 static void snd_usbmidi_in_urb_complete(struct urb *urb)
256 {
257 	struct snd_usb_midi_in_endpoint *ep = urb->context;
258 
259 	if (urb->status == 0) {
260 		dump_urb("received", urb->transfer_buffer, urb->actual_length);
261 		ep->umidi->usb_protocol_ops->input(ep, urb->transfer_buffer,
262 						   urb->actual_length);
263 	} else {
264 		int err = snd_usbmidi_urb_error(urb);
265 		if (err < 0) {
266 			if (err != -ENODEV) {
267 				ep->error_resubmit = 1;
268 				mod_timer(&ep->umidi->error_timer,
269 					  jiffies + ERROR_DELAY_JIFFIES);
270 			}
271 			return;
272 		}
273 	}
274 
275 	urb->dev = ep->umidi->dev;
276 	snd_usbmidi_submit_urb(urb, GFP_ATOMIC);
277 }
278 
279 static void snd_usbmidi_out_urb_complete(struct urb *urb)
280 {
281 	struct out_urb_context *context = urb->context;
282 	struct snd_usb_midi_out_endpoint *ep = context->ep;
283 	unsigned int urb_index;
284 	unsigned long flags;
285 
286 	spin_lock_irqsave(&ep->buffer_lock, flags);
287 	urb_index = context - ep->urbs;
288 	ep->active_urbs &= ~(1 << urb_index);
289 	if (unlikely(ep->drain_urbs)) {
290 		ep->drain_urbs &= ~(1 << urb_index);
291 		wake_up(&ep->drain_wait);
292 	}
293 	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&ep->buffer_lock, flags);
294 	if (urb->status < 0) {
295 		int err = snd_usbmidi_urb_error(urb);
296 		if (err < 0) {
297 			if (err != -ENODEV)
298 				mod_timer(&ep->umidi->error_timer,
299 					  jiffies + ERROR_DELAY_JIFFIES);
300 			return;
301 		}
302 	}
303 	snd_usbmidi_do_output(ep);
304 }
305 
306 /*
307  * This is called when some data should be transferred to the device
308  * (from one or more substreams).
309  */
310 static void snd_usbmidi_do_output(struct snd_usb_midi_out_endpoint *ep)
311 {
312 	unsigned int urb_index;
313 	struct urb *urb;
314 	unsigned long flags;
315 
316 	spin_lock_irqsave(&ep->buffer_lock, flags);
317 	if (ep->umidi->disconnected) {
318 		spin_unlock_irqrestore(&ep->buffer_lock, flags);
319 		return;
320 	}
321 
322 	urb_index = ep->next_urb;
323 	for (;;) {
324 		if (!(ep->active_urbs & (1 << urb_index))) {
325 			urb = ep->urbs[urb_index].urb;
326 			urb->transfer_buffer_length = 0;
327 			ep->umidi->usb_protocol_ops->output(ep, urb);
328 			if (urb->transfer_buffer_length == 0)
329 				break;
330 
331 			dump_urb("sending", urb->transfer_buffer,
332 				 urb->transfer_buffer_length);
333 			urb->dev = ep->umidi->dev;
334 			if (snd_usbmidi_submit_urb(urb, GFP_ATOMIC) < 0)
335 				break;
336 			ep->active_urbs |= 1 << urb_index;
337 		}
338 		if (++urb_index >= OUTPUT_URBS)
339 			urb_index = 0;
340 		if (urb_index == ep->next_urb)
341 			break;
342 	}
343 	ep->next_urb = urb_index;
344 	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&ep->buffer_lock, flags);
345 }
346 
347 static void snd_usbmidi_out_work(struct work_struct *work)
348 {
349 	struct snd_usb_midi_out_endpoint *ep =
350 		container_of(work, struct snd_usb_midi_out_endpoint, work);
351 
352 	snd_usbmidi_do_output(ep);
353 }
354 
355 /* called after transfers had been interrupted due to some USB error */
356 static void snd_usbmidi_error_timer(struct timer_list *t)
357 {
358 	struct snd_usb_midi *umidi = from_timer(umidi, t, error_timer);
359 	unsigned int i, j;
360 
361 	spin_lock(&umidi->disc_lock);
362 	if (umidi->disconnected) {
363 		spin_unlock(&umidi->disc_lock);
364 		return;
365 	}
366 	for (i = 0; i < MIDI_MAX_ENDPOINTS; ++i) {
367 		struct snd_usb_midi_in_endpoint *in = umidi->endpoints[i].in;
368 		if (in && in->error_resubmit) {
369 			in->error_resubmit = 0;
370 			for (j = 0; j < INPUT_URBS; ++j) {
371 				if (atomic_read(&in->urbs[j]->use_count))
372 					continue;
373 				in->urbs[j]->dev = umidi->dev;
374 				snd_usbmidi_submit_urb(in->urbs[j], GFP_ATOMIC);
375 			}
376 		}
377 		if (umidi->endpoints[i].out)
378 			snd_usbmidi_do_output(umidi->endpoints[i].out);
379 	}
380 	spin_unlock(&umidi->disc_lock);
381 }
382 
383 /* helper function to send static data that may not DMA-able */
384 static int send_bulk_static_data(struct snd_usb_midi_out_endpoint *ep,
385 				 const void *data, int len)
386 {
387 	int err = 0;
388 	void *buf = kmemdup(data, len, GFP_KERNEL);
389 	if (!buf)
390 		return -ENOMEM;
391 	dump_urb("sending", buf, len);
392 	if (ep->urbs[0].urb)
393 		err = usb_bulk_msg(ep->umidi->dev, ep->urbs[0].urb->pipe,
394 				   buf, len, NULL, 250);
395 	kfree(buf);
396 	return err;
397 }
398 
399 /*
400  * Standard USB MIDI protocol: see the spec.
401  * Midiman protocol: like the standard protocol, but the control byte is the
402  * fourth byte in each packet, and uses length instead of CIN.
403  */
404 
405 static void snd_usbmidi_standard_input(struct snd_usb_midi_in_endpoint *ep,
406 				       uint8_t *buffer, int buffer_length)
407 {
408 	int i;
409 
410 	for (i = 0; i + 3 < buffer_length; i += 4)
411 		if (buffer[i] != 0) {
412 			int cable = buffer[i] >> 4;
413 			int length = snd_usbmidi_cin_length[buffer[i] & 0x0f];
414 			snd_usbmidi_input_data(ep, cable, &buffer[i + 1],
415 					       length);
416 		}
417 }
418 
419 static void snd_usbmidi_midiman_input(struct snd_usb_midi_in_endpoint *ep,
420 				      uint8_t *buffer, int buffer_length)
421 {
422 	int i;
423 
424 	for (i = 0; i + 3 < buffer_length; i += 4)
425 		if (buffer[i + 3] != 0) {
426 			int port = buffer[i + 3] >> 4;
427 			int length = buffer[i + 3] & 3;
428 			snd_usbmidi_input_data(ep, port, &buffer[i], length);
429 		}
430 }
431 
432 /*
433  * Buggy M-Audio device: running status on input results in a packet that has
434  * the data bytes but not the status byte and that is marked with CIN 4.
435  */
436 static void snd_usbmidi_maudio_broken_running_status_input(
437 					struct snd_usb_midi_in_endpoint *ep,
438 					uint8_t *buffer, int buffer_length)
439 {
440 	int i;
441 
442 	for (i = 0; i + 3 < buffer_length; i += 4)
443 		if (buffer[i] != 0) {
444 			int cable = buffer[i] >> 4;
445 			u8 cin = buffer[i] & 0x0f;
446 			struct usbmidi_in_port *port = &ep->ports[cable];
447 			int length;
448 
449 			length = snd_usbmidi_cin_length[cin];
450 			if (cin == 0xf && buffer[i + 1] >= 0xf8)
451 				; /* realtime msg: no running status change */
452 			else if (cin >= 0x8 && cin <= 0xe)
453 				/* channel msg */
454 				port->running_status_length = length - 1;
455 			else if (cin == 0x4 &&
456 				 port->running_status_length != 0 &&
457 				 buffer[i + 1] < 0x80)
458 				/* CIN 4 that is not a SysEx */
459 				length = port->running_status_length;
460 			else
461 				/*
462 				 * All other msgs cannot begin running status.
463 				 * (A channel msg sent as two or three CIN 0xF
464 				 * packets could in theory, but this device
465 				 * doesn't use this format.)
466 				 */
467 				port->running_status_length = 0;
468 			snd_usbmidi_input_data(ep, cable, &buffer[i + 1],
469 					       length);
470 		}
471 }
472 
473 /*
474  * QinHeng CH345 is buggy: every second packet inside a SysEx has not CIN 4
475  * but the previously seen CIN, but still with three data bytes.
476  */
477 static void ch345_broken_sysex_input(struct snd_usb_midi_in_endpoint *ep,
478 				     uint8_t *buffer, int buffer_length)
479 {
480 	unsigned int i, cin, length;
481 
482 	for (i = 0; i + 3 < buffer_length; i += 4) {
483 		if (buffer[i] == 0 && i > 0)
484 			break;
485 		cin = buffer[i] & 0x0f;
486 		if (ep->in_sysex &&
487 		    cin == ep->last_cin &&
488 		    (buffer[i + 1 + (cin == 0x6)] & 0x80) == 0)
489 			cin = 0x4;
490 #if 0
491 		if (buffer[i + 1] == 0x90) {
492 			/*
493 			 * Either a corrupted running status or a real note-on
494 			 * message; impossible to detect reliably.
495 			 */
496 		}
497 #endif
498 		length = snd_usbmidi_cin_length[cin];
499 		snd_usbmidi_input_data(ep, 0, &buffer[i + 1], length);
500 		ep->in_sysex = cin == 0x4;
501 		if (!ep->in_sysex)
502 			ep->last_cin = cin;
503 	}
504 }
505 
506 /*
507  * CME protocol: like the standard protocol, but SysEx commands are sent as a
508  * single USB packet preceded by a 0x0F byte.
509  */
510 static void snd_usbmidi_cme_input(struct snd_usb_midi_in_endpoint *ep,
511 				  uint8_t *buffer, int buffer_length)
512 {
513 	if (buffer_length < 2 || (buffer[0] & 0x0f) != 0x0f)
514 		snd_usbmidi_standard_input(ep, buffer, buffer_length);
515 	else
516 		snd_usbmidi_input_data(ep, buffer[0] >> 4,
517 				       &buffer[1], buffer_length - 1);
518 }
519 
520 /*
521  * Adds one USB MIDI packet to the output buffer.
522  */
523 static void snd_usbmidi_output_standard_packet(struct urb *urb, uint8_t p0,
524 					       uint8_t p1, uint8_t p2,
525 					       uint8_t p3)
526 {
527 
528 	uint8_t *buf =
529 		(uint8_t *)urb->transfer_buffer + urb->transfer_buffer_length;
530 	buf[0] = p0;
531 	buf[1] = p1;
532 	buf[2] = p2;
533 	buf[3] = p3;
534 	urb->transfer_buffer_length += 4;
535 }
536 
537 /*
538  * Adds one Midiman packet to the output buffer.
539  */
540 static void snd_usbmidi_output_midiman_packet(struct urb *urb, uint8_t p0,
541 					      uint8_t p1, uint8_t p2,
542 					      uint8_t p3)
543 {
544 
545 	uint8_t *buf =
546 		(uint8_t *)urb->transfer_buffer + urb->transfer_buffer_length;
547 	buf[0] = p1;
548 	buf[1] = p2;
549 	buf[2] = p3;
550 	buf[3] = (p0 & 0xf0) | snd_usbmidi_cin_length[p0 & 0x0f];
551 	urb->transfer_buffer_length += 4;
552 }
553 
554 /*
555  * Converts MIDI commands to USB MIDI packets.
556  */
557 static void snd_usbmidi_transmit_byte(struct usbmidi_out_port *port,
558 				      uint8_t b, struct urb *urb)
559 {
560 	uint8_t p0 = port->cable;
561 	void (*output_packet)(struct urb*, uint8_t, uint8_t, uint8_t, uint8_t) =
562 		port->ep->umidi->usb_protocol_ops->output_packet;
563 
564 	if (b >= 0xf8) {
565 		output_packet(urb, p0 | 0x0f, b, 0, 0);
566 	} else if (b >= 0xf0) {
567 		switch (b) {
568 		case 0xf0:
569 			port->data[0] = b;
570 			port->state = STATE_SYSEX_1;
571 			break;
572 		case 0xf1:
573 		case 0xf3:
574 			port->data[0] = b;
575 			port->state = STATE_1PARAM;
576 			break;
577 		case 0xf2:
578 			port->data[0] = b;
579 			port->state = STATE_2PARAM_1;
580 			break;
581 		case 0xf4:
582 		case 0xf5:
583 			port->state = STATE_UNKNOWN;
584 			break;
585 		case 0xf6:
586 			output_packet(urb, p0 | 0x05, 0xf6, 0, 0);
587 			port->state = STATE_UNKNOWN;
588 			break;
589 		case 0xf7:
590 			switch (port->state) {
591 			case STATE_SYSEX_0:
592 				output_packet(urb, p0 | 0x05, 0xf7, 0, 0);
593 				break;
594 			case STATE_SYSEX_1:
595 				output_packet(urb, p0 | 0x06, port->data[0],
596 					      0xf7, 0);
597 				break;
598 			case STATE_SYSEX_2:
599 				output_packet(urb, p0 | 0x07, port->data[0],
600 					      port->data[1], 0xf7);
601 				break;
602 			}
603 			port->state = STATE_UNKNOWN;
604 			break;
605 		}
606 	} else if (b >= 0x80) {
607 		port->data[0] = b;
608 		if (b >= 0xc0 && b <= 0xdf)
609 			port->state = STATE_1PARAM;
610 		else
611 			port->state = STATE_2PARAM_1;
612 	} else { /* b < 0x80 */
613 		switch (port->state) {
614 		case STATE_1PARAM:
615 			if (port->data[0] < 0xf0) {
616 				p0 |= port->data[0] >> 4;
617 			} else {
618 				p0 |= 0x02;
619 				port->state = STATE_UNKNOWN;
620 			}
621 			output_packet(urb, p0, port->data[0], b, 0);
622 			break;
623 		case STATE_2PARAM_1:
624 			port->data[1] = b;
625 			port->state = STATE_2PARAM_2;
626 			break;
627 		case STATE_2PARAM_2:
628 			if (port->data[0] < 0xf0) {
629 				p0 |= port->data[0] >> 4;
630 				port->state = STATE_2PARAM_1;
631 			} else {
632 				p0 |= 0x03;
633 				port->state = STATE_UNKNOWN;
634 			}
635 			output_packet(urb, p0, port->data[0], port->data[1], b);
636 			break;
637 		case STATE_SYSEX_0:
638 			port->data[0] = b;
639 			port->state = STATE_SYSEX_1;
640 			break;
641 		case STATE_SYSEX_1:
642 			port->data[1] = b;
643 			port->state = STATE_SYSEX_2;
644 			break;
645 		case STATE_SYSEX_2:
646 			output_packet(urb, p0 | 0x04, port->data[0],
647 				      port->data[1], b);
648 			port->state = STATE_SYSEX_0;
649 			break;
650 		}
651 	}
652 }
653 
654 static void snd_usbmidi_standard_output(struct snd_usb_midi_out_endpoint *ep,
655 					struct urb *urb)
656 {
657 	int p;
658 
659 	/* FIXME: lower-numbered ports can starve higher-numbered ports */
660 	for (p = 0; p < 0x10; ++p) {
661 		struct usbmidi_out_port *port = &ep->ports[p];
662 		if (!port->active)
663 			continue;
664 		while (urb->transfer_buffer_length + 3 < ep->max_transfer) {
665 			uint8_t b;
666 			if (snd_rawmidi_transmit(port->substream, &b, 1) != 1) {
667 				port->active = 0;
668 				break;
669 			}
670 			snd_usbmidi_transmit_byte(port, b, urb);
671 		}
672 	}
673 }
674 
675 static const struct usb_protocol_ops snd_usbmidi_standard_ops = {
676 	.input = snd_usbmidi_standard_input,
677 	.output = snd_usbmidi_standard_output,
678 	.output_packet = snd_usbmidi_output_standard_packet,
679 };
680 
681 static const struct usb_protocol_ops snd_usbmidi_midiman_ops = {
682 	.input = snd_usbmidi_midiman_input,
683 	.output = snd_usbmidi_standard_output,
684 	.output_packet = snd_usbmidi_output_midiman_packet,
685 };
686 
687 static const
688 struct usb_protocol_ops snd_usbmidi_maudio_broken_running_status_ops = {
689 	.input = snd_usbmidi_maudio_broken_running_status_input,
690 	.output = snd_usbmidi_standard_output,
691 	.output_packet = snd_usbmidi_output_standard_packet,
692 };
693 
694 static const struct usb_protocol_ops snd_usbmidi_cme_ops = {
695 	.input = snd_usbmidi_cme_input,
696 	.output = snd_usbmidi_standard_output,
697 	.output_packet = snd_usbmidi_output_standard_packet,
698 };
699 
700 static const struct usb_protocol_ops snd_usbmidi_ch345_broken_sysex_ops = {
701 	.input = ch345_broken_sysex_input,
702 	.output = snd_usbmidi_standard_output,
703 	.output_packet = snd_usbmidi_output_standard_packet,
704 };
705 
706 /*
707  * AKAI MPD16 protocol:
708  *
709  * For control port (endpoint 1):
710  * ==============================
711  * One or more chunks consisting of first byte of (0x10 | msg_len) and then a
712  * SysEx message (msg_len=9 bytes long).
713  *
714  * For data port (endpoint 2):
715  * ===========================
716  * One or more chunks consisting of first byte of (0x20 | msg_len) and then a
717  * MIDI message (msg_len bytes long)
718  *
719  * Messages sent: Active Sense, Note On, Poly Pressure, Control Change.
720  */
721 static void snd_usbmidi_akai_input(struct snd_usb_midi_in_endpoint *ep,
722 				   uint8_t *buffer, int buffer_length)
723 {
724 	unsigned int pos = 0;
725 	unsigned int len = (unsigned int)buffer_length;
726 	while (pos < len) {
727 		unsigned int port = (buffer[pos] >> 4) - 1;
728 		unsigned int msg_len = buffer[pos] & 0x0f;
729 		pos++;
730 		if (pos + msg_len <= len && port < 2)
731 			snd_usbmidi_input_data(ep, 0, &buffer[pos], msg_len);
732 		pos += msg_len;
733 	}
734 }
735 
736 #define MAX_AKAI_SYSEX_LEN 9
737 
738 static void snd_usbmidi_akai_output(struct snd_usb_midi_out_endpoint *ep,
739 				    struct urb *urb)
740 {
741 	uint8_t *msg;
742 	int pos, end, count, buf_end;
743 	uint8_t tmp[MAX_AKAI_SYSEX_LEN];
744 	struct snd_rawmidi_substream *substream = ep->ports[0].substream;
745 
746 	if (!ep->ports[0].active)
747 		return;
748 
749 	msg = urb->transfer_buffer + urb->transfer_buffer_length;
750 	buf_end = ep->max_transfer - MAX_AKAI_SYSEX_LEN - 1;
751 
752 	/* only try adding more data when there's space for at least 1 SysEx */
753 	while (urb->transfer_buffer_length < buf_end) {
754 		count = snd_rawmidi_transmit_peek(substream,
755 						  tmp, MAX_AKAI_SYSEX_LEN);
756 		if (!count) {
757 			ep->ports[0].active = 0;
758 			return;
759 		}
760 		/* try to skip non-SysEx data */
761 		for (pos = 0; pos < count && tmp[pos] != 0xF0; pos++)
762 			;
763 
764 		if (pos > 0) {
765 			snd_rawmidi_transmit_ack(substream, pos);
766 			continue;
767 		}
768 
769 		/* look for the start or end marker */
770 		for (end = 1; end < count && tmp[end] < 0xF0; end++)
771 			;
772 
773 		/* next SysEx started before the end of current one */
774 		if (end < count && tmp[end] == 0xF0) {
775 			/* it's incomplete - drop it */
776 			snd_rawmidi_transmit_ack(substream, end);
777 			continue;
778 		}
779 		/* SysEx complete */
780 		if (end < count && tmp[end] == 0xF7) {
781 			/* queue it, ack it, and get the next one */
782 			count = end + 1;
783 			msg[0] = 0x10 | count;
784 			memcpy(&msg[1], tmp, count);
785 			snd_rawmidi_transmit_ack(substream, count);
786 			urb->transfer_buffer_length += count + 1;
787 			msg += count + 1;
788 			continue;
789 		}
790 		/* less than 9 bytes and no end byte - wait for more */
791 		if (count < MAX_AKAI_SYSEX_LEN) {
792 			ep->ports[0].active = 0;
793 			return;
794 		}
795 		/* 9 bytes and no end marker in sight - malformed, skip it */
796 		snd_rawmidi_transmit_ack(substream, count);
797 	}
798 }
799 
800 static const struct usb_protocol_ops snd_usbmidi_akai_ops = {
801 	.input = snd_usbmidi_akai_input,
802 	.output = snd_usbmidi_akai_output,
803 };
804 
805 /*
806  * Novation USB MIDI protocol: number of data bytes is in the first byte
807  * (when receiving) (+1!) or in the second byte (when sending); data begins
808  * at the third byte.
809  */
810 
811 static void snd_usbmidi_novation_input(struct snd_usb_midi_in_endpoint *ep,
812 				       uint8_t *buffer, int buffer_length)
813 {
814 	if (buffer_length < 2 || !buffer[0] || buffer_length < buffer[0] + 1)
815 		return;
816 	snd_usbmidi_input_data(ep, 0, &buffer[2], buffer[0] - 1);
817 }
818 
819 static void snd_usbmidi_novation_output(struct snd_usb_midi_out_endpoint *ep,
820 					struct urb *urb)
821 {
822 	uint8_t *transfer_buffer;
823 	int count;
824 
825 	if (!ep->ports[0].active)
826 		return;
827 	transfer_buffer = urb->transfer_buffer;
828 	count = snd_rawmidi_transmit(ep->ports[0].substream,
829 				     &transfer_buffer[2],
830 				     ep->max_transfer - 2);
831 	if (count < 1) {
832 		ep->ports[0].active = 0;
833 		return;
834 	}
835 	transfer_buffer[0] = 0;
836 	transfer_buffer[1] = count;
837 	urb->transfer_buffer_length = 2 + count;
838 }
839 
840 static const struct usb_protocol_ops snd_usbmidi_novation_ops = {
841 	.input = snd_usbmidi_novation_input,
842 	.output = snd_usbmidi_novation_output,
843 };
844 
845 /*
846  * "raw" protocol: just move raw MIDI bytes from/to the endpoint
847  */
848 
849 static void snd_usbmidi_raw_input(struct snd_usb_midi_in_endpoint *ep,
850 				  uint8_t *buffer, int buffer_length)
851 {
852 	snd_usbmidi_input_data(ep, 0, buffer, buffer_length);
853 }
854 
855 static void snd_usbmidi_raw_output(struct snd_usb_midi_out_endpoint *ep,
856 				   struct urb *urb)
857 {
858 	int count;
859 
860 	if (!ep->ports[0].active)
861 		return;
862 	count = snd_rawmidi_transmit(ep->ports[0].substream,
863 				     urb->transfer_buffer,
864 				     ep->max_transfer);
865 	if (count < 1) {
866 		ep->ports[0].active = 0;
867 		return;
868 	}
869 	urb->transfer_buffer_length = count;
870 }
871 
872 static const struct usb_protocol_ops snd_usbmidi_raw_ops = {
873 	.input = snd_usbmidi_raw_input,
874 	.output = snd_usbmidi_raw_output,
875 };
876 
877 /*
878  * FTDI protocol: raw MIDI bytes, but input packets have two modem status bytes.
879  */
880 
881 static void snd_usbmidi_ftdi_input(struct snd_usb_midi_in_endpoint *ep,
882 				   uint8_t *buffer, int buffer_length)
883 {
884 	if (buffer_length > 2)
885 		snd_usbmidi_input_data(ep, 0, buffer + 2, buffer_length - 2);
886 }
887 
888 static const struct usb_protocol_ops snd_usbmidi_ftdi_ops = {
889 	.input = snd_usbmidi_ftdi_input,
890 	.output = snd_usbmidi_raw_output,
891 };
892 
893 static void snd_usbmidi_us122l_input(struct snd_usb_midi_in_endpoint *ep,
894 				     uint8_t *buffer, int buffer_length)
895 {
896 	if (buffer_length != 9)
897 		return;
898 	buffer_length = 8;
899 	while (buffer_length && buffer[buffer_length - 1] == 0xFD)
900 		buffer_length--;
901 	if (buffer_length)
902 		snd_usbmidi_input_data(ep, 0, buffer, buffer_length);
903 }
904 
905 static void snd_usbmidi_us122l_output(struct snd_usb_midi_out_endpoint *ep,
906 				      struct urb *urb)
907 {
908 	int count;
909 
910 	if (!ep->ports[0].active)
911 		return;
912 	switch (snd_usb_get_speed(ep->umidi->dev)) {
913 	case USB_SPEED_HIGH:
914 	case USB_SPEED_SUPER:
915 	case USB_SPEED_SUPER_PLUS:
916 		count = 1;
917 		break;
918 	default:
919 		count = 2;
920 	}
921 	count = snd_rawmidi_transmit(ep->ports[0].substream,
922 				     urb->transfer_buffer,
923 				     count);
924 	if (count < 1) {
925 		ep->ports[0].active = 0;
926 		return;
927 	}
928 
929 	memset(urb->transfer_buffer + count, 0xFD, ep->max_transfer - count);
930 	urb->transfer_buffer_length = ep->max_transfer;
931 }
932 
933 static const struct usb_protocol_ops snd_usbmidi_122l_ops = {
934 	.input = snd_usbmidi_us122l_input,
935 	.output = snd_usbmidi_us122l_output,
936 };
937 
938 /*
939  * Emagic USB MIDI protocol: raw MIDI with "F5 xx" port switching.
940  */
941 
942 static void snd_usbmidi_emagic_init_out(struct snd_usb_midi_out_endpoint *ep)
943 {
944 	static const u8 init_data[] = {
945 		/* initialization magic: "get version" */
946 		0xf0,
947 		0x00, 0x20, 0x31,	/* Emagic */
948 		0x64,			/* Unitor8 */
949 		0x0b,			/* version number request */
950 		0x00,			/* command version */
951 		0x00,			/* EEPROM, box 0 */
952 		0xf7
953 	};
954 	send_bulk_static_data(ep, init_data, sizeof(init_data));
955 	/* while we're at it, pour on more magic */
956 	send_bulk_static_data(ep, init_data, sizeof(init_data));
957 }
958 
959 static void snd_usbmidi_emagic_finish_out(struct snd_usb_midi_out_endpoint *ep)
960 {
961 	static const u8 finish_data[] = {
962 		/* switch to patch mode with last preset */
963 		0xf0,
964 		0x00, 0x20, 0x31,	/* Emagic */
965 		0x64,			/* Unitor8 */
966 		0x10,			/* patch switch command */
967 		0x00,			/* command version */
968 		0x7f,			/* to all boxes */
969 		0x40,			/* last preset in EEPROM */
970 		0xf7
971 	};
972 	send_bulk_static_data(ep, finish_data, sizeof(finish_data));
973 }
974 
975 static void snd_usbmidi_emagic_input(struct snd_usb_midi_in_endpoint *ep,
976 				     uint8_t *buffer, int buffer_length)
977 {
978 	int i;
979 
980 	/* FF indicates end of valid data */
981 	for (i = 0; i < buffer_length; ++i)
982 		if (buffer[i] == 0xff) {
983 			buffer_length = i;
984 			break;
985 		}
986 
987 	/* handle F5 at end of last buffer */
988 	if (ep->seen_f5)
989 		goto switch_port;
990 
991 	while (buffer_length > 0) {
992 		/* determine size of data until next F5 */
993 		for (i = 0; i < buffer_length; ++i)
994 			if (buffer[i] == 0xf5)
995 				break;
996 		snd_usbmidi_input_data(ep, ep->current_port, buffer, i);
997 		buffer += i;
998 		buffer_length -= i;
999 
1000 		if (buffer_length <= 0)
1001 			break;
1002 		/* assert(buffer[0] == 0xf5); */
1003 		ep->seen_f5 = 1;
1004 		++buffer;
1005 		--buffer_length;
1006 
1007 	switch_port:
1008 		if (buffer_length <= 0)
1009 			break;
1010 		if (buffer[0] < 0x80) {
1011 			ep->current_port = (buffer[0] - 1) & 15;
1012 			++buffer;
1013 			--buffer_length;
1014 		}
1015 		ep->seen_f5 = 0;
1016 	}
1017 }
1018 
1019 static void snd_usbmidi_emagic_output(struct snd_usb_midi_out_endpoint *ep,
1020 				      struct urb *urb)
1021 {
1022 	int port0 = ep->current_port;
1023 	uint8_t *buf = urb->transfer_buffer;
1024 	int buf_free = ep->max_transfer;
1025 	int length, i;
1026 
1027 	for (i = 0; i < 0x10; ++i) {
1028 		/* round-robin, starting at the last current port */
1029 		int portnum = (port0 + i) & 15;
1030 		struct usbmidi_out_port *port = &ep->ports[portnum];
1031 
1032 		if (!port->active)
1033 			continue;
1034 		if (snd_rawmidi_transmit_peek(port->substream, buf, 1) != 1) {
1035 			port->active = 0;
1036 			continue;
1037 		}
1038 
1039 		if (portnum != ep->current_port) {
1040 			if (buf_free < 2)
1041 				break;
1042 			ep->current_port = portnum;
1043 			buf[0] = 0xf5;
1044 			buf[1] = (portnum + 1) & 15;
1045 			buf += 2;
1046 			buf_free -= 2;
1047 		}
1048 
1049 		if (buf_free < 1)
1050 			break;
1051 		length = snd_rawmidi_transmit(port->substream, buf, buf_free);
1052 		if (length > 0) {
1053 			buf += length;
1054 			buf_free -= length;
1055 			if (buf_free < 1)
1056 				break;
1057 		}
1058 	}
1059 	if (buf_free < ep->max_transfer && buf_free > 0) {
1060 		*buf = 0xff;
1061 		--buf_free;
1062 	}
1063 	urb->transfer_buffer_length = ep->max_transfer - buf_free;
1064 }
1065 
1066 static const struct usb_protocol_ops snd_usbmidi_emagic_ops = {
1067 	.input = snd_usbmidi_emagic_input,
1068 	.output = snd_usbmidi_emagic_output,
1069 	.init_out_endpoint = snd_usbmidi_emagic_init_out,
1070 	.finish_out_endpoint = snd_usbmidi_emagic_finish_out,
1071 };
1072 
1073 
1074 static void update_roland_altsetting(struct snd_usb_midi *umidi)
1075 {
1076 	struct usb_interface *intf;
1077 	struct usb_host_interface *hostif;
1078 	struct usb_interface_descriptor *intfd;
1079 	int is_light_load;
1080 
1081 	intf = umidi->iface;
1082 	is_light_load = intf->cur_altsetting != intf->altsetting;
1083 	if (umidi->roland_load_ctl->private_value == is_light_load)
1084 		return;
1085 	hostif = &intf->altsetting[umidi->roland_load_ctl->private_value];
1086 	intfd = get_iface_desc(hostif);
1087 	snd_usbmidi_input_stop(&umidi->list);
1088 	usb_set_interface(umidi->dev, intfd->bInterfaceNumber,
1089 			  intfd->bAlternateSetting);
1090 	snd_usbmidi_input_start(&umidi->list);
1091 }
1092 
1093 static int substream_open(struct snd_rawmidi_substream *substream, int dir,
1094 			  int open)
1095 {
1096 	struct snd_usb_midi *umidi = substream->rmidi->private_data;
1097 	struct snd_kcontrol *ctl;
1098 
1099 	down_read(&umidi->disc_rwsem);
1100 	if (umidi->disconnected) {
1101 		up_read(&umidi->disc_rwsem);
1102 		return open ? -ENODEV : 0;
1103 	}
1104 
1105 	mutex_lock(&umidi->mutex);
1106 	if (open) {
1107 		if (!umidi->opened[0] && !umidi->opened[1]) {
1108 			if (umidi->roland_load_ctl) {
1109 				ctl = umidi->roland_load_ctl;
1110 				ctl->vd[0].access |=
1111 					SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_ACCESS_INACTIVE;
1112 				snd_ctl_notify(umidi->card,
1113 				       SNDRV_CTL_EVENT_MASK_INFO, &ctl->id);
1114 				update_roland_altsetting(umidi);
1115 			}
1116 		}
1117 		umidi->opened[dir]++;
1118 		if (umidi->opened[1])
1119 			snd_usbmidi_input_start(&umidi->list);
1120 	} else {
1121 		umidi->opened[dir]--;
1122 		if (!umidi->opened[1])
1123 			snd_usbmidi_input_stop(&umidi->list);
1124 		if (!umidi->opened[0] && !umidi->opened[1]) {
1125 			if (umidi->roland_load_ctl) {
1126 				ctl = umidi->roland_load_ctl;
1127 				ctl->vd[0].access &=
1128 					~SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_ACCESS_INACTIVE;
1129 				snd_ctl_notify(umidi->card,
1130 				       SNDRV_CTL_EVENT_MASK_INFO, &ctl->id);
1131 			}
1132 		}
1133 	}
1134 	mutex_unlock(&umidi->mutex);
1135 	up_read(&umidi->disc_rwsem);
1136 	return 0;
1137 }
1138 
1139 static int snd_usbmidi_output_open(struct snd_rawmidi_substream *substream)
1140 {
1141 	struct snd_usb_midi *umidi = substream->rmidi->private_data;
1142 	struct usbmidi_out_port *port = NULL;
1143 	int i, j;
1144 
1145 	for (i = 0; i < MIDI_MAX_ENDPOINTS; ++i)
1146 		if (umidi->endpoints[i].out)
1147 			for (j = 0; j < 0x10; ++j)
1148 				if (umidi->endpoints[i].out->ports[j].substream == substream) {
1149 					port = &umidi->endpoints[i].out->ports[j];
1150 					break;
1151 				}
1152 	if (!port) {
1153 		snd_BUG();
1154 		return -ENXIO;
1155 	}
1156 
1157 	substream->runtime->private_data = port;
1158 	port->state = STATE_UNKNOWN;
1159 	return substream_open(substream, 0, 1);
1160 }
1161 
1162 static int snd_usbmidi_output_close(struct snd_rawmidi_substream *substream)
1163 {
1164 	return substream_open(substream, 0, 0);
1165 }
1166 
1167 static void snd_usbmidi_output_trigger(struct snd_rawmidi_substream *substream,
1168 				       int up)
1169 {
1170 	struct usbmidi_out_port *port =
1171 		(struct usbmidi_out_port *)substream->runtime->private_data;
1172 
1173 	port->active = up;
1174 	if (up) {
1175 		if (port->ep->umidi->disconnected) {
1176 			/* gobble up remaining bytes to prevent wait in
1177 			 * snd_rawmidi_drain_output */
1178 			snd_rawmidi_proceed(substream);
1179 			return;
1180 		}
1181 		queue_work(system_highpri_wq, &port->ep->work);
1182 	}
1183 }
1184 
1185 static void snd_usbmidi_output_drain(struct snd_rawmidi_substream *substream)
1186 {
1187 	struct usbmidi_out_port *port = substream->runtime->private_data;
1188 	struct snd_usb_midi_out_endpoint *ep = port->ep;
1189 	unsigned int drain_urbs;
1190 	DEFINE_WAIT(wait);
1191 	long timeout = msecs_to_jiffies(50);
1192 
1193 	if (ep->umidi->disconnected)
1194 		return;
1195 	/*
1196 	 * The substream buffer is empty, but some data might still be in the
1197 	 * currently active URBs, so we have to wait for those to complete.
1198 	 */
1199 	spin_lock_irq(&ep->buffer_lock);
1200 	drain_urbs = ep->active_urbs;
1201 	if (drain_urbs) {
1202 		ep->drain_urbs |= drain_urbs;
1203 		do {
1204 			prepare_to_wait(&ep->drain_wait, &wait,
1205 					TASK_UNINTERRUPTIBLE);
1206 			spin_unlock_irq(&ep->buffer_lock);
1207 			timeout = schedule_timeout(timeout);
1208 			spin_lock_irq(&ep->buffer_lock);
1209 			drain_urbs &= ep->drain_urbs;
1210 		} while (drain_urbs && timeout);
1211 		finish_wait(&ep->drain_wait, &wait);
1212 	}
1213 	spin_unlock_irq(&ep->buffer_lock);
1214 }
1215 
1216 static int snd_usbmidi_input_open(struct snd_rawmidi_substream *substream)
1217 {
1218 	return substream_open(substream, 1, 1);
1219 }
1220 
1221 static int snd_usbmidi_input_close(struct snd_rawmidi_substream *substream)
1222 {
1223 	return substream_open(substream, 1, 0);
1224 }
1225 
1226 static void snd_usbmidi_input_trigger(struct snd_rawmidi_substream *substream,
1227 				      int up)
1228 {
1229 	struct snd_usb_midi *umidi = substream->rmidi->private_data;
1230 
1231 	if (up)
1232 		set_bit(substream->number, &umidi->input_triggered);
1233 	else
1234 		clear_bit(substream->number, &umidi->input_triggered);
1235 }
1236 
1237 static const struct snd_rawmidi_ops snd_usbmidi_output_ops = {
1238 	.open = snd_usbmidi_output_open,
1239 	.close = snd_usbmidi_output_close,
1240 	.trigger = snd_usbmidi_output_trigger,
1241 	.drain = snd_usbmidi_output_drain,
1242 };
1243 
1244 static const struct snd_rawmidi_ops snd_usbmidi_input_ops = {
1245 	.open = snd_usbmidi_input_open,
1246 	.close = snd_usbmidi_input_close,
1247 	.trigger = snd_usbmidi_input_trigger
1248 };
1249 
1250 static void free_urb_and_buffer(struct snd_usb_midi *umidi, struct urb *urb,
1251 				unsigned int buffer_length)
1252 {
1253 	usb_free_coherent(umidi->dev, buffer_length,
1254 			  urb->transfer_buffer, urb->transfer_dma);
1255 	usb_free_urb(urb);
1256 }
1257 
1258 /*
1259  * Frees an input endpoint.
1260  * May be called when ep hasn't been initialized completely.
1261  */
1262 static void snd_usbmidi_in_endpoint_delete(struct snd_usb_midi_in_endpoint *ep)
1263 {
1264 	unsigned int i;
1265 
1266 	for (i = 0; i < INPUT_URBS; ++i)
1267 		if (ep->urbs[i])
1268 			free_urb_and_buffer(ep->umidi, ep->urbs[i],
1269 					    ep->urbs[i]->transfer_buffer_length);
1270 	kfree(ep);
1271 }
1272 
1273 /*
1274  * Creates an input endpoint.
1275  */
1276 static int snd_usbmidi_in_endpoint_create(struct snd_usb_midi *umidi,
1277 					  struct snd_usb_midi_endpoint_info *ep_info,
1278 					  struct snd_usb_midi_endpoint *rep)
1279 {
1280 	struct snd_usb_midi_in_endpoint *ep;
1281 	void *buffer;
1282 	unsigned int pipe;
1283 	int length;
1284 	unsigned int i;
1285 	int err;
1286 
1287 	rep->in = NULL;
1288 	ep = kzalloc(sizeof(*ep), GFP_KERNEL);
1289 	if (!ep)
1290 		return -ENOMEM;
1291 	ep->umidi = umidi;
1292 
1293 	for (i = 0; i < INPUT_URBS; ++i) {
1294 		ep->urbs[i] = usb_alloc_urb(0, GFP_KERNEL);
1295 		if (!ep->urbs[i]) {
1296 			err = -ENOMEM;
1297 			goto error;
1298 		}
1299 	}
1300 	if (ep_info->in_interval)
1301 		pipe = usb_rcvintpipe(umidi->dev, ep_info->in_ep);
1302 	else
1303 		pipe = usb_rcvbulkpipe(umidi->dev, ep_info->in_ep);
1304 	length = usb_maxpacket(umidi->dev, pipe, 0);
1305 	for (i = 0; i < INPUT_URBS; ++i) {
1306 		buffer = usb_alloc_coherent(umidi->dev, length, GFP_KERNEL,
1307 					    &ep->urbs[i]->transfer_dma);
1308 		if (!buffer) {
1309 			err = -ENOMEM;
1310 			goto error;
1311 		}
1312 		if (ep_info->in_interval)
1313 			usb_fill_int_urb(ep->urbs[i], umidi->dev,
1314 					 pipe, buffer, length,
1315 					 snd_usbmidi_in_urb_complete,
1316 					 ep, ep_info->in_interval);
1317 		else
1318 			usb_fill_bulk_urb(ep->urbs[i], umidi->dev,
1319 					  pipe, buffer, length,
1320 					  snd_usbmidi_in_urb_complete, ep);
1321 		ep->urbs[i]->transfer_flags = URB_NO_TRANSFER_DMA_MAP;
1322 		err = usb_urb_ep_type_check(ep->urbs[i]);
1323 		if (err < 0) {
1324 			dev_err(&umidi->dev->dev, "invalid MIDI in EP %x\n",
1325 				ep_info->in_ep);
1326 			goto error;
1327 		}
1328 	}
1329 
1330 	rep->in = ep;
1331 	return 0;
1332 
1333  error:
1334 	snd_usbmidi_in_endpoint_delete(ep);
1335 	return -ENOMEM;
1336 }
1337 
1338 /*
1339  * Frees an output endpoint.
1340  * May be called when ep hasn't been initialized completely.
1341  */
1342 static void snd_usbmidi_out_endpoint_clear(struct snd_usb_midi_out_endpoint *ep)
1343 {
1344 	unsigned int i;
1345 
1346 	for (i = 0; i < OUTPUT_URBS; ++i)
1347 		if (ep->urbs[i].urb) {
1348 			free_urb_and_buffer(ep->umidi, ep->urbs[i].urb,
1349 					    ep->max_transfer);
1350 			ep->urbs[i].urb = NULL;
1351 		}
1352 }
1353 
1354 static void snd_usbmidi_out_endpoint_delete(struct snd_usb_midi_out_endpoint *ep)
1355 {
1356 	snd_usbmidi_out_endpoint_clear(ep);
1357 	kfree(ep);
1358 }
1359 
1360 /*
1361  * Creates an output endpoint, and initializes output ports.
1362  */
1363 static int snd_usbmidi_out_endpoint_create(struct snd_usb_midi *umidi,
1364 					   struct snd_usb_midi_endpoint_info *ep_info,
1365 					   struct snd_usb_midi_endpoint *rep)
1366 {
1367 	struct snd_usb_midi_out_endpoint *ep;
1368 	unsigned int i;
1369 	unsigned int pipe;
1370 	void *buffer;
1371 	int err;
1372 
1373 	rep->out = NULL;
1374 	ep = kzalloc(sizeof(*ep), GFP_KERNEL);
1375 	if (!ep)
1376 		return -ENOMEM;
1377 	ep->umidi = umidi;
1378 
1379 	for (i = 0; i < OUTPUT_URBS; ++i) {
1380 		ep->urbs[i].urb = usb_alloc_urb(0, GFP_KERNEL);
1381 		if (!ep->urbs[i].urb) {
1382 			err = -ENOMEM;
1383 			goto error;
1384 		}
1385 		ep->urbs[i].ep = ep;
1386 	}
1387 	if (ep_info->out_interval)
1388 		pipe = usb_sndintpipe(umidi->dev, ep_info->out_ep);
1389 	else
1390 		pipe = usb_sndbulkpipe(umidi->dev, ep_info->out_ep);
1391 	switch (umidi->usb_id) {
1392 	default:
1393 		ep->max_transfer = usb_maxpacket(umidi->dev, pipe, 1);
1394 		break;
1395 		/*
1396 		 * Various chips declare a packet size larger than 4 bytes, but
1397 		 * do not actually work with larger packets:
1398 		 */
1399 	case USB_ID(0x0a67, 0x5011): /* Medeli DD305 */
1400 	case USB_ID(0x0a92, 0x1020): /* ESI M4U */
1401 	case USB_ID(0x1430, 0x474b): /* RedOctane GH MIDI INTERFACE */
1402 	case USB_ID(0x15ca, 0x0101): /* Textech USB Midi Cable */
1403 	case USB_ID(0x15ca, 0x1806): /* Textech USB Midi Cable */
1404 	case USB_ID(0x1a86, 0x752d): /* QinHeng CH345 "USB2.0-MIDI" */
1405 	case USB_ID(0xfc08, 0x0101): /* Unknown vendor Cable */
1406 		ep->max_transfer = 4;
1407 		break;
1408 		/*
1409 		 * Some devices only work with 9 bytes packet size:
1410 		 */
1411 	case USB_ID(0x0644, 0x800e): /* Tascam US-122L */
1412 	case USB_ID(0x0644, 0x800f): /* Tascam US-144 */
1413 		ep->max_transfer = 9;
1414 		break;
1415 	}
1416 	for (i = 0; i < OUTPUT_URBS; ++i) {
1417 		buffer = usb_alloc_coherent(umidi->dev,
1418 					    ep->max_transfer, GFP_KERNEL,
1419 					    &ep->urbs[i].urb->transfer_dma);
1420 		if (!buffer) {
1421 			err = -ENOMEM;
1422 			goto error;
1423 		}
1424 		if (ep_info->out_interval)
1425 			usb_fill_int_urb(ep->urbs[i].urb, umidi->dev,
1426 					 pipe, buffer, ep->max_transfer,
1427 					 snd_usbmidi_out_urb_complete,
1428 					 &ep->urbs[i], ep_info->out_interval);
1429 		else
1430 			usb_fill_bulk_urb(ep->urbs[i].urb, umidi->dev,
1431 					  pipe, buffer, ep->max_transfer,
1432 					  snd_usbmidi_out_urb_complete,
1433 					  &ep->urbs[i]);
1434 		err = usb_urb_ep_type_check(ep->urbs[i].urb);
1435 		if (err < 0) {
1436 			dev_err(&umidi->dev->dev, "invalid MIDI out EP %x\n",
1437 				ep_info->out_ep);
1438 			goto error;
1439 		}
1440 		ep->urbs[i].urb->transfer_flags = URB_NO_TRANSFER_DMA_MAP;
1441 	}
1442 
1443 	spin_lock_init(&ep->buffer_lock);
1444 	INIT_WORK(&ep->work, snd_usbmidi_out_work);
1445 	init_waitqueue_head(&ep->drain_wait);
1446 
1447 	for (i = 0; i < 0x10; ++i)
1448 		if (ep_info->out_cables & (1 << i)) {
1449 			ep->ports[i].ep = ep;
1450 			ep->ports[i].cable = i << 4;
1451 		}
1452 
1453 	if (umidi->usb_protocol_ops->init_out_endpoint)
1454 		umidi->usb_protocol_ops->init_out_endpoint(ep);
1455 
1456 	rep->out = ep;
1457 	return 0;
1458 
1459  error:
1460 	snd_usbmidi_out_endpoint_delete(ep);
1461 	return err;
1462 }
1463 
1464 /*
1465  * Frees everything.
1466  */
1467 static void snd_usbmidi_free(struct snd_usb_midi *umidi)
1468 {
1469 	int i;
1470 
1471 	for (i = 0; i < MIDI_MAX_ENDPOINTS; ++i) {
1472 		struct snd_usb_midi_endpoint *ep = &umidi->endpoints[i];
1473 		if (ep->out)
1474 			snd_usbmidi_out_endpoint_delete(ep->out);
1475 		if (ep->in)
1476 			snd_usbmidi_in_endpoint_delete(ep->in);
1477 	}
1478 	mutex_destroy(&umidi->mutex);
1479 	kfree(umidi);
1480 }
1481 
1482 /*
1483  * Unlinks all URBs (must be done before the usb_device is deleted).
1484  */
1485 void snd_usbmidi_disconnect(struct list_head *p)
1486 {
1487 	struct snd_usb_midi *umidi;
1488 	unsigned int i, j;
1489 
1490 	umidi = list_entry(p, struct snd_usb_midi, list);
1491 	/*
1492 	 * an URB's completion handler may start the timer and
1493 	 * a timer may submit an URB. To reliably break the cycle
1494 	 * a flag under lock must be used
1495 	 */
1496 	down_write(&umidi->disc_rwsem);
1497 	spin_lock_irq(&umidi->disc_lock);
1498 	umidi->disconnected = 1;
1499 	spin_unlock_irq(&umidi->disc_lock);
1500 	up_write(&umidi->disc_rwsem);
1501 
1502 	del_timer_sync(&umidi->error_timer);
1503 
1504 	for (i = 0; i < MIDI_MAX_ENDPOINTS; ++i) {
1505 		struct snd_usb_midi_endpoint *ep = &umidi->endpoints[i];
1506 		if (ep->out)
1507 			cancel_work_sync(&ep->out->work);
1508 		if (ep->out) {
1509 			for (j = 0; j < OUTPUT_URBS; ++j)
1510 				usb_kill_urb(ep->out->urbs[j].urb);
1511 			if (umidi->usb_protocol_ops->finish_out_endpoint)
1512 				umidi->usb_protocol_ops->finish_out_endpoint(ep->out);
1513 			ep->out->active_urbs = 0;
1514 			if (ep->out->drain_urbs) {
1515 				ep->out->drain_urbs = 0;
1516 				wake_up(&ep->out->drain_wait);
1517 			}
1518 		}
1519 		if (ep->in)
1520 			for (j = 0; j < INPUT_URBS; ++j)
1521 				usb_kill_urb(ep->in->urbs[j]);
1522 		/* free endpoints here; later call can result in Oops */
1523 		if (ep->out)
1524 			snd_usbmidi_out_endpoint_clear(ep->out);
1525 		if (ep->in) {
1526 			snd_usbmidi_in_endpoint_delete(ep->in);
1527 			ep->in = NULL;
1528 		}
1529 	}
1530 }
1531 EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_usbmidi_disconnect);
1532 
1533 static void snd_usbmidi_rawmidi_free(struct snd_rawmidi *rmidi)
1534 {
1535 	struct snd_usb_midi *umidi = rmidi->private_data;
1536 	snd_usbmidi_free(umidi);
1537 }
1538 
1539 static struct snd_rawmidi_substream *snd_usbmidi_find_substream(struct snd_usb_midi *umidi,
1540 								int stream,
1541 								int number)
1542 {
1543 	struct snd_rawmidi_substream *substream;
1544 
1545 	list_for_each_entry(substream, &umidi->rmidi->streams[stream].substreams,
1546 			    list) {
1547 		if (substream->number == number)
1548 			return substream;
1549 	}
1550 	return NULL;
1551 }
1552 
1553 /*
1554  * This list specifies names for ports that do not fit into the standard
1555  * "(product) MIDI (n)" schema because they aren't external MIDI ports,
1556  * such as internal control or synthesizer ports.
1557  */
1558 static struct port_info {
1559 	u32 id;
1560 	short int port;
1561 	short int voices;
1562 	const char *name;
1563 	unsigned int seq_flags;
1564 } snd_usbmidi_port_info[] = {
1565 #define PORT_INFO(vendor, product, num, name_, voices_, flags) \
1566 	{ .id = USB_ID(vendor, product), \
1567 	  .port = num, .voices = voices_, \
1568 	  .name = name_, .seq_flags = flags }
1569 #define EXTERNAL_PORT(vendor, product, num, name) \
1570 	PORT_INFO(vendor, product, num, name, 0, \
1571 		  SNDRV_SEQ_PORT_TYPE_MIDI_GENERIC | \
1572 		  SNDRV_SEQ_PORT_TYPE_HARDWARE | \
1573 		  SNDRV_SEQ_PORT_TYPE_PORT)
1574 #define CONTROL_PORT(vendor, product, num, name) \
1575 	PORT_INFO(vendor, product, num, name, 0, \
1576 		  SNDRV_SEQ_PORT_TYPE_MIDI_GENERIC | \
1577 		  SNDRV_SEQ_PORT_TYPE_HARDWARE)
1578 #define GM_SYNTH_PORT(vendor, product, num, name, voices) \
1579 	PORT_INFO(vendor, product, num, name, voices, \
1580 		  SNDRV_SEQ_PORT_TYPE_MIDI_GENERIC | \
1581 		  SNDRV_SEQ_PORT_TYPE_MIDI_GM | \
1582 		  SNDRV_SEQ_PORT_TYPE_HARDWARE | \
1583 		  SNDRV_SEQ_PORT_TYPE_SYNTHESIZER)
1584 #define ROLAND_SYNTH_PORT(vendor, product, num, name, voices) \
1585 	PORT_INFO(vendor, product, num, name, voices, \
1586 		  SNDRV_SEQ_PORT_TYPE_MIDI_GENERIC | \
1587 		  SNDRV_SEQ_PORT_TYPE_MIDI_GM | \
1588 		  SNDRV_SEQ_PORT_TYPE_MIDI_GM2 | \
1589 		  SNDRV_SEQ_PORT_TYPE_MIDI_GS | \
1590 		  SNDRV_SEQ_PORT_TYPE_MIDI_XG | \
1591 		  SNDRV_SEQ_PORT_TYPE_HARDWARE | \
1592 		  SNDRV_SEQ_PORT_TYPE_SYNTHESIZER)
1593 #define SOUNDCANVAS_PORT(vendor, product, num, name, voices) \
1594 	PORT_INFO(vendor, product, num, name, voices, \
1595 		  SNDRV_SEQ_PORT_TYPE_MIDI_GENERIC | \
1596 		  SNDRV_SEQ_PORT_TYPE_MIDI_GM | \
1597 		  SNDRV_SEQ_PORT_TYPE_MIDI_GM2 | \
1598 		  SNDRV_SEQ_PORT_TYPE_MIDI_GS | \
1599 		  SNDRV_SEQ_PORT_TYPE_MIDI_XG | \
1600 		  SNDRV_SEQ_PORT_TYPE_MIDI_MT32 | \
1601 		  SNDRV_SEQ_PORT_TYPE_HARDWARE | \
1602 		  SNDRV_SEQ_PORT_TYPE_SYNTHESIZER)
1603 	/* Yamaha MOTIF XF */
1604 	GM_SYNTH_PORT(0x0499, 0x105c, 0, "%s Tone Generator", 128),
1605 	CONTROL_PORT(0x0499, 0x105c, 1, "%s Remote Control"),
1606 	EXTERNAL_PORT(0x0499, 0x105c, 2, "%s Thru"),
1607 	CONTROL_PORT(0x0499, 0x105c, 3, "%s Editor"),
1608 	/* Roland UA-100 */
1609 	CONTROL_PORT(0x0582, 0x0000, 2, "%s Control"),
1610 	/* Roland SC-8850 */
1611 	SOUNDCANVAS_PORT(0x0582, 0x0003, 0, "%s Part A", 128),
1612 	SOUNDCANVAS_PORT(0x0582, 0x0003, 1, "%s Part B", 128),
1613 	SOUNDCANVAS_PORT(0x0582, 0x0003, 2, "%s Part C", 128),
1614 	SOUNDCANVAS_PORT(0x0582, 0x0003, 3, "%s Part D", 128),
1615 	EXTERNAL_PORT(0x0582, 0x0003, 4, "%s MIDI 1"),
1616 	EXTERNAL_PORT(0x0582, 0x0003, 5, "%s MIDI 2"),
1617 	/* Roland U-8 */
1618 	EXTERNAL_PORT(0x0582, 0x0004, 0, "%s MIDI"),
1619 	CONTROL_PORT(0x0582, 0x0004, 1, "%s Control"),
1620 	/* Roland SC-8820 */
1621 	SOUNDCANVAS_PORT(0x0582, 0x0007, 0, "%s Part A", 64),
1622 	SOUNDCANVAS_PORT(0x0582, 0x0007, 1, "%s Part B", 64),
1623 	EXTERNAL_PORT(0x0582, 0x0007, 2, "%s MIDI"),
1624 	/* Roland SK-500 */
1625 	SOUNDCANVAS_PORT(0x0582, 0x000b, 0, "%s Part A", 64),
1626 	SOUNDCANVAS_PORT(0x0582, 0x000b, 1, "%s Part B", 64),
1627 	EXTERNAL_PORT(0x0582, 0x000b, 2, "%s MIDI"),
1628 	/* Roland SC-D70 */
1629 	SOUNDCANVAS_PORT(0x0582, 0x000c, 0, "%s Part A", 64),
1630 	SOUNDCANVAS_PORT(0x0582, 0x000c, 1, "%s Part B", 64),
1631 	EXTERNAL_PORT(0x0582, 0x000c, 2, "%s MIDI"),
1632 	/* Edirol UM-880 */
1633 	CONTROL_PORT(0x0582, 0x0014, 8, "%s Control"),
1634 	/* Edirol SD-90 */
1635 	ROLAND_SYNTH_PORT(0x0582, 0x0016, 0, "%s Part A", 128),
1636 	ROLAND_SYNTH_PORT(0x0582, 0x0016, 1, "%s Part B", 128),
1637 	EXTERNAL_PORT(0x0582, 0x0016, 2, "%s MIDI 1"),
1638 	EXTERNAL_PORT(0x0582, 0x0016, 3, "%s MIDI 2"),
1639 	/* Edirol UM-550 */
1640 	CONTROL_PORT(0x0582, 0x0023, 5, "%s Control"),
1641 	/* Edirol SD-20 */
1642 	ROLAND_SYNTH_PORT(0x0582, 0x0027, 0, "%s Part A", 64),
1643 	ROLAND_SYNTH_PORT(0x0582, 0x0027, 1, "%s Part B", 64),
1644 	EXTERNAL_PORT(0x0582, 0x0027, 2, "%s MIDI"),
1645 	/* Edirol SD-80 */
1646 	ROLAND_SYNTH_PORT(0x0582, 0x0029, 0, "%s Part A", 128),
1647 	ROLAND_SYNTH_PORT(0x0582, 0x0029, 1, "%s Part B", 128),
1648 	EXTERNAL_PORT(0x0582, 0x0029, 2, "%s MIDI 1"),
1649 	EXTERNAL_PORT(0x0582, 0x0029, 3, "%s MIDI 2"),
1650 	/* Edirol UA-700 */
1651 	EXTERNAL_PORT(0x0582, 0x002b, 0, "%s MIDI"),
1652 	CONTROL_PORT(0x0582, 0x002b, 1, "%s Control"),
1653 	/* Roland VariOS */
1654 	EXTERNAL_PORT(0x0582, 0x002f, 0, "%s MIDI"),
1655 	EXTERNAL_PORT(0x0582, 0x002f, 1, "%s External MIDI"),
1656 	EXTERNAL_PORT(0x0582, 0x002f, 2, "%s Sync"),
1657 	/* Edirol PCR */
1658 	EXTERNAL_PORT(0x0582, 0x0033, 0, "%s MIDI"),
1659 	EXTERNAL_PORT(0x0582, 0x0033, 1, "%s 1"),
1660 	EXTERNAL_PORT(0x0582, 0x0033, 2, "%s 2"),
1661 	/* BOSS GS-10 */
1662 	EXTERNAL_PORT(0x0582, 0x003b, 0, "%s MIDI"),
1663 	CONTROL_PORT(0x0582, 0x003b, 1, "%s Control"),
1664 	/* Edirol UA-1000 */
1665 	EXTERNAL_PORT(0x0582, 0x0044, 0, "%s MIDI"),
1666 	CONTROL_PORT(0x0582, 0x0044, 1, "%s Control"),
1667 	/* Edirol UR-80 */
1668 	EXTERNAL_PORT(0x0582, 0x0048, 0, "%s MIDI"),
1669 	EXTERNAL_PORT(0x0582, 0x0048, 1, "%s 1"),
1670 	EXTERNAL_PORT(0x0582, 0x0048, 2, "%s 2"),
1671 	/* Edirol PCR-A */
1672 	EXTERNAL_PORT(0x0582, 0x004d, 0, "%s MIDI"),
1673 	EXTERNAL_PORT(0x0582, 0x004d, 1, "%s 1"),
1674 	EXTERNAL_PORT(0x0582, 0x004d, 2, "%s 2"),
1675 	/* BOSS GT-PRO */
1676 	CONTROL_PORT(0x0582, 0x0089, 0, "%s Control"),
1677 	/* Edirol UM-3EX */
1678 	CONTROL_PORT(0x0582, 0x009a, 3, "%s Control"),
1679 	/* Roland VG-99 */
1680 	CONTROL_PORT(0x0582, 0x00b2, 0, "%s Control"),
1681 	EXTERNAL_PORT(0x0582, 0x00b2, 1, "%s MIDI"),
1682 	/* Cakewalk Sonar V-Studio 100 */
1683 	EXTERNAL_PORT(0x0582, 0x00eb, 0, "%s MIDI"),
1684 	CONTROL_PORT(0x0582, 0x00eb, 1, "%s Control"),
1685 	/* Roland VB-99 */
1686 	CONTROL_PORT(0x0582, 0x0102, 0, "%s Control"),
1687 	EXTERNAL_PORT(0x0582, 0x0102, 1, "%s MIDI"),
1688 	/* Roland A-PRO */
1689 	EXTERNAL_PORT(0x0582, 0x010f, 0, "%s MIDI"),
1690 	CONTROL_PORT(0x0582, 0x010f, 1, "%s 1"),
1691 	CONTROL_PORT(0x0582, 0x010f, 2, "%s 2"),
1692 	/* Roland SD-50 */
1693 	ROLAND_SYNTH_PORT(0x0582, 0x0114, 0, "%s Synth", 128),
1694 	EXTERNAL_PORT(0x0582, 0x0114, 1, "%s MIDI"),
1695 	CONTROL_PORT(0x0582, 0x0114, 2, "%s Control"),
1696 	/* Roland OCTA-CAPTURE */
1697 	EXTERNAL_PORT(0x0582, 0x0120, 0, "%s MIDI"),
1698 	CONTROL_PORT(0x0582, 0x0120, 1, "%s Control"),
1699 	EXTERNAL_PORT(0x0582, 0x0121, 0, "%s MIDI"),
1700 	CONTROL_PORT(0x0582, 0x0121, 1, "%s Control"),
1701 	/* Roland SPD-SX */
1702 	CONTROL_PORT(0x0582, 0x0145, 0, "%s Control"),
1703 	EXTERNAL_PORT(0x0582, 0x0145, 1, "%s MIDI"),
1704 	/* Roland A-Series */
1705 	CONTROL_PORT(0x0582, 0x0156, 0, "%s Keyboard"),
1706 	EXTERNAL_PORT(0x0582, 0x0156, 1, "%s MIDI"),
1707 	/* Roland INTEGRA-7 */
1708 	ROLAND_SYNTH_PORT(0x0582, 0x015b, 0, "%s Synth", 128),
1709 	CONTROL_PORT(0x0582, 0x015b, 1, "%s Control"),
1710 	/* M-Audio MidiSport 8x8 */
1711 	CONTROL_PORT(0x0763, 0x1031, 8, "%s Control"),
1712 	CONTROL_PORT(0x0763, 0x1033, 8, "%s Control"),
1713 	/* MOTU Fastlane */
1714 	EXTERNAL_PORT(0x07fd, 0x0001, 0, "%s MIDI A"),
1715 	EXTERNAL_PORT(0x07fd, 0x0001, 1, "%s MIDI B"),
1716 	/* Emagic Unitor8/AMT8/MT4 */
1717 	EXTERNAL_PORT(0x086a, 0x0001, 8, "%s Broadcast"),
1718 	EXTERNAL_PORT(0x086a, 0x0002, 8, "%s Broadcast"),
1719 	EXTERNAL_PORT(0x086a, 0x0003, 4, "%s Broadcast"),
1720 	/* Akai MPD16 */
1721 	CONTROL_PORT(0x09e8, 0x0062, 0, "%s Control"),
1722 	PORT_INFO(0x09e8, 0x0062, 1, "%s MIDI", 0,
1723 		SNDRV_SEQ_PORT_TYPE_MIDI_GENERIC |
1724 		SNDRV_SEQ_PORT_TYPE_HARDWARE),
1725 	/* Access Music Virus TI */
1726 	EXTERNAL_PORT(0x133e, 0x0815, 0, "%s MIDI"),
1727 	PORT_INFO(0x133e, 0x0815, 1, "%s Synth", 0,
1728 		SNDRV_SEQ_PORT_TYPE_MIDI_GENERIC |
1729 		SNDRV_SEQ_PORT_TYPE_HARDWARE |
1730 		SNDRV_SEQ_PORT_TYPE_SYNTHESIZER),
1731 };
1732 
1733 static struct port_info *find_port_info(struct snd_usb_midi *umidi, int number)
1734 {
1735 	int i;
1736 
1737 	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(snd_usbmidi_port_info); ++i) {
1738 		if (snd_usbmidi_port_info[i].id == umidi->usb_id &&
1739 		    snd_usbmidi_port_info[i].port == number)
1740 			return &snd_usbmidi_port_info[i];
1741 	}
1742 	return NULL;
1743 }
1744 
1745 static void snd_usbmidi_get_port_info(struct snd_rawmidi *rmidi, int number,
1746 				      struct snd_seq_port_info *seq_port_info)
1747 {
1748 	struct snd_usb_midi *umidi = rmidi->private_data;
1749 	struct port_info *port_info;
1750 
1751 	/* TODO: read port flags from descriptors */
1752 	port_info = find_port_info(umidi, number);
1753 	if (port_info) {
1754 		seq_port_info->type = port_info->seq_flags;
1755 		seq_port_info->midi_voices = port_info->voices;
1756 	}
1757 }
1758 
1759 static void snd_usbmidi_init_substream(struct snd_usb_midi *umidi,
1760 				       int stream, int number,
1761 				       struct snd_rawmidi_substream **rsubstream)
1762 {
1763 	struct port_info *port_info;
1764 	const char *name_format;
1765 
1766 	struct snd_rawmidi_substream *substream =
1767 		snd_usbmidi_find_substream(umidi, stream, number);
1768 	if (!substream) {
1769 		dev_err(&umidi->dev->dev, "substream %d:%d not found\n", stream,
1770 			number);
1771 		return;
1772 	}
1773 
1774 	/* TODO: read port name from jack descriptor */
1775 	port_info = find_port_info(umidi, number);
1776 	name_format = port_info ? port_info->name : "%s MIDI %d";
1777 	snprintf(substream->name, sizeof(substream->name),
1778 		 name_format, umidi->card->shortname, number + 1);
1779 
1780 	*rsubstream = substream;
1781 }
1782 
1783 /*
1784  * Creates the endpoints and their ports.
1785  */
1786 static int snd_usbmidi_create_endpoints(struct snd_usb_midi *umidi,
1787 					struct snd_usb_midi_endpoint_info *endpoints)
1788 {
1789 	int i, j, err;
1790 	int out_ports = 0, in_ports = 0;
1791 
1792 	for (i = 0; i < MIDI_MAX_ENDPOINTS; ++i) {
1793 		if (endpoints[i].out_cables) {
1794 			err = snd_usbmidi_out_endpoint_create(umidi,
1795 							      &endpoints[i],
1796 							      &umidi->endpoints[i]);
1797 			if (err < 0)
1798 				return err;
1799 		}
1800 		if (endpoints[i].in_cables) {
1801 			err = snd_usbmidi_in_endpoint_create(umidi,
1802 							     &endpoints[i],
1803 							     &umidi->endpoints[i]);
1804 			if (err < 0)
1805 				return err;
1806 		}
1807 
1808 		for (j = 0; j < 0x10; ++j) {
1809 			if (endpoints[i].out_cables & (1 << j)) {
1810 				snd_usbmidi_init_substream(umidi,
1811 							   SNDRV_RAWMIDI_STREAM_OUTPUT,
1812 							   out_ports,
1813 							   &umidi->endpoints[i].out->ports[j].substream);
1814 				++out_ports;
1815 			}
1816 			if (endpoints[i].in_cables & (1 << j)) {
1817 				snd_usbmidi_init_substream(umidi,
1818 							   SNDRV_RAWMIDI_STREAM_INPUT,
1819 							   in_ports,
1820 							   &umidi->endpoints[i].in->ports[j].substream);
1821 				++in_ports;
1822 			}
1823 		}
1824 	}
1825 	dev_dbg(&umidi->dev->dev, "created %d output and %d input ports\n",
1826 		    out_ports, in_ports);
1827 	return 0;
1828 }
1829 
1830 static struct usb_ms_endpoint_descriptor *find_usb_ms_endpoint_descriptor(
1831 					struct usb_host_endpoint *hostep)
1832 {
1833 	unsigned char *extra = hostep->extra;
1834 	int extralen = hostep->extralen;
1835 
1836 	while (extralen > 3) {
1837 		struct usb_ms_endpoint_descriptor *ms_ep =
1838 				(struct usb_ms_endpoint_descriptor *)extra;
1839 
1840 		if (ms_ep->bLength > 3 &&
1841 		    ms_ep->bDescriptorType == USB_DT_CS_ENDPOINT &&
1842 		    ms_ep->bDescriptorSubtype == UAC_MS_GENERAL)
1843 			return ms_ep;
1844 		if (!extra[0])
1845 			break;
1846 		extralen -= extra[0];
1847 		extra += extra[0];
1848 	}
1849 	return NULL;
1850 }
1851 
1852 /*
1853  * Returns MIDIStreaming device capabilities.
1854  */
1855 static int snd_usbmidi_get_ms_info(struct snd_usb_midi *umidi,
1856 				   struct snd_usb_midi_endpoint_info *endpoints)
1857 {
1858 	struct usb_interface *intf;
1859 	struct usb_host_interface *hostif;
1860 	struct usb_interface_descriptor *intfd;
1861 	struct usb_ms_header_descriptor *ms_header;
1862 	struct usb_host_endpoint *hostep;
1863 	struct usb_endpoint_descriptor *ep;
1864 	struct usb_ms_endpoint_descriptor *ms_ep;
1865 	int i, epidx;
1866 
1867 	intf = umidi->iface;
1868 	if (!intf)
1869 		return -ENXIO;
1870 	hostif = &intf->altsetting[0];
1871 	intfd = get_iface_desc(hostif);
1872 	ms_header = (struct usb_ms_header_descriptor *)hostif->extra;
1873 	if (hostif->extralen >= 7 &&
1874 	    ms_header->bLength >= 7 &&
1875 	    ms_header->bDescriptorType == USB_DT_CS_INTERFACE &&
1876 	    ms_header->bDescriptorSubtype == UAC_HEADER)
1877 		dev_dbg(&umidi->dev->dev, "MIDIStreaming version %02x.%02x\n",
1878 			    ms_header->bcdMSC[1], ms_header->bcdMSC[0]);
1879 	else
1880 		dev_warn(&umidi->dev->dev,
1881 			 "MIDIStreaming interface descriptor not found\n");
1882 
1883 	epidx = 0;
1884 	for (i = 0; i < intfd->bNumEndpoints; ++i) {
1885 		hostep = &hostif->endpoint[i];
1886 		ep = get_ep_desc(hostep);
1887 		if (!usb_endpoint_xfer_bulk(ep) && !usb_endpoint_xfer_int(ep))
1888 			continue;
1889 		ms_ep = find_usb_ms_endpoint_descriptor(hostep);
1890 		if (!ms_ep)
1891 			continue;
1892 		if (ms_ep->bNumEmbMIDIJack > 0x10)
1893 			continue;
1894 		if (usb_endpoint_dir_out(ep)) {
1895 			if (endpoints[epidx].out_ep) {
1896 				if (++epidx >= MIDI_MAX_ENDPOINTS) {
1897 					dev_warn(&umidi->dev->dev,
1898 						 "too many endpoints\n");
1899 					break;
1900 				}
1901 			}
1902 			endpoints[epidx].out_ep = usb_endpoint_num(ep);
1903 			if (usb_endpoint_xfer_int(ep))
1904 				endpoints[epidx].out_interval = ep->bInterval;
1905 			else if (snd_usb_get_speed(umidi->dev) == USB_SPEED_LOW)
1906 				/*
1907 				 * Low speed bulk transfers don't exist, so
1908 				 * force interrupt transfers for devices like
1909 				 * ESI MIDI Mate that try to use them anyway.
1910 				 */
1911 				endpoints[epidx].out_interval = 1;
1912 			endpoints[epidx].out_cables =
1913 				(1 << ms_ep->bNumEmbMIDIJack) - 1;
1914 			dev_dbg(&umidi->dev->dev, "EP %02X: %d jack(s)\n",
1915 				ep->bEndpointAddress, ms_ep->bNumEmbMIDIJack);
1916 		} else {
1917 			if (endpoints[epidx].in_ep) {
1918 				if (++epidx >= MIDI_MAX_ENDPOINTS) {
1919 					dev_warn(&umidi->dev->dev,
1920 						 "too many endpoints\n");
1921 					break;
1922 				}
1923 			}
1924 			endpoints[epidx].in_ep = usb_endpoint_num(ep);
1925 			if (usb_endpoint_xfer_int(ep))
1926 				endpoints[epidx].in_interval = ep->bInterval;
1927 			else if (snd_usb_get_speed(umidi->dev) == USB_SPEED_LOW)
1928 				endpoints[epidx].in_interval = 1;
1929 			endpoints[epidx].in_cables =
1930 				(1 << ms_ep->bNumEmbMIDIJack) - 1;
1931 			dev_dbg(&umidi->dev->dev, "EP %02X: %d jack(s)\n",
1932 				ep->bEndpointAddress, ms_ep->bNumEmbMIDIJack);
1933 		}
1934 	}
1935 	return 0;
1936 }
1937 
1938 static int roland_load_info(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
1939 			    struct snd_ctl_elem_info *info)
1940 {
1941 	static const char *const names[] = { "High Load", "Light Load" };
1942 
1943 	return snd_ctl_enum_info(info, 1, 2, names);
1944 }
1945 
1946 static int roland_load_get(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
1947 			   struct snd_ctl_elem_value *value)
1948 {
1949 	value->value.enumerated.item[0] = kcontrol->private_value;
1950 	return 0;
1951 }
1952 
1953 static int roland_load_put(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
1954 			   struct snd_ctl_elem_value *value)
1955 {
1956 	struct snd_usb_midi *umidi = kcontrol->private_data;
1957 	int changed;
1958 
1959 	if (value->value.enumerated.item[0] > 1)
1960 		return -EINVAL;
1961 	mutex_lock(&umidi->mutex);
1962 	changed = value->value.enumerated.item[0] != kcontrol->private_value;
1963 	if (changed)
1964 		kcontrol->private_value = value->value.enumerated.item[0];
1965 	mutex_unlock(&umidi->mutex);
1966 	return changed;
1967 }
1968 
1969 static const struct snd_kcontrol_new roland_load_ctl = {
1970 	.iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER,
1971 	.name = "MIDI Input Mode",
1972 	.info = roland_load_info,
1973 	.get = roland_load_get,
1974 	.put = roland_load_put,
1975 	.private_value = 1,
1976 };
1977 
1978 /*
1979  * On Roland devices, use the second alternate setting to be able to use
1980  * the interrupt input endpoint.
1981  */
1982 static void snd_usbmidi_switch_roland_altsetting(struct snd_usb_midi *umidi)
1983 {
1984 	struct usb_interface *intf;
1985 	struct usb_host_interface *hostif;
1986 	struct usb_interface_descriptor *intfd;
1987 
1988 	intf = umidi->iface;
1989 	if (!intf || intf->num_altsetting != 2)
1990 		return;
1991 
1992 	hostif = &intf->altsetting[1];
1993 	intfd = get_iface_desc(hostif);
1994        /* If either or both of the endpoints support interrupt transfer,
1995         * then use the alternate setting
1996         */
1997 	if (intfd->bNumEndpoints != 2 ||
1998 	    !((get_endpoint(hostif, 0)->bmAttributes &
1999 	       USB_ENDPOINT_XFERTYPE_MASK) == USB_ENDPOINT_XFER_INT ||
2000 	      (get_endpoint(hostif, 1)->bmAttributes &
2001 	       USB_ENDPOINT_XFERTYPE_MASK) == USB_ENDPOINT_XFER_INT))
2002 		return;
2003 
2004 	dev_dbg(&umidi->dev->dev, "switching to altsetting %d with int ep\n",
2005 		    intfd->bAlternateSetting);
2006 	usb_set_interface(umidi->dev, intfd->bInterfaceNumber,
2007 			  intfd->bAlternateSetting);
2008 
2009 	umidi->roland_load_ctl = snd_ctl_new1(&roland_load_ctl, umidi);
2010 	if (snd_ctl_add(umidi->card, umidi->roland_load_ctl) < 0)
2011 		umidi->roland_load_ctl = NULL;
2012 }
2013 
2014 /*
2015  * Try to find any usable endpoints in the interface.
2016  */
2017 static int snd_usbmidi_detect_endpoints(struct snd_usb_midi *umidi,
2018 					struct snd_usb_midi_endpoint_info *endpoint,
2019 					int max_endpoints)
2020 {
2021 	struct usb_interface *intf;
2022 	struct usb_host_interface *hostif;
2023 	struct usb_interface_descriptor *intfd;
2024 	struct usb_endpoint_descriptor *epd;
2025 	int i, out_eps = 0, in_eps = 0;
2026 
2027 	if (USB_ID_VENDOR(umidi->usb_id) == 0x0582)
2028 		snd_usbmidi_switch_roland_altsetting(umidi);
2029 
2030 	if (endpoint[0].out_ep || endpoint[0].in_ep)
2031 		return 0;
2032 
2033 	intf = umidi->iface;
2034 	if (!intf || intf->num_altsetting < 1)
2035 		return -ENOENT;
2036 	hostif = intf->cur_altsetting;
2037 	intfd = get_iface_desc(hostif);
2038 
2039 	for (i = 0; i < intfd->bNumEndpoints; ++i) {
2040 		epd = get_endpoint(hostif, i);
2041 		if (!usb_endpoint_xfer_bulk(epd) &&
2042 		    !usb_endpoint_xfer_int(epd))
2043 			continue;
2044 		if (out_eps < max_endpoints &&
2045 		    usb_endpoint_dir_out(epd)) {
2046 			endpoint[out_eps].out_ep = usb_endpoint_num(epd);
2047 			if (usb_endpoint_xfer_int(epd))
2048 				endpoint[out_eps].out_interval = epd->bInterval;
2049 			++out_eps;
2050 		}
2051 		if (in_eps < max_endpoints &&
2052 		    usb_endpoint_dir_in(epd)) {
2053 			endpoint[in_eps].in_ep = usb_endpoint_num(epd);
2054 			if (usb_endpoint_xfer_int(epd))
2055 				endpoint[in_eps].in_interval = epd->bInterval;
2056 			++in_eps;
2057 		}
2058 	}
2059 	return (out_eps || in_eps) ? 0 : -ENOENT;
2060 }
2061 
2062 /*
2063  * Detects the endpoints for one-port-per-endpoint protocols.
2064  */
2065 static int snd_usbmidi_detect_per_port_endpoints(struct snd_usb_midi *umidi,
2066 						 struct snd_usb_midi_endpoint_info *endpoints)
2067 {
2068 	int err, i;
2069 
2070 	err = snd_usbmidi_detect_endpoints(umidi, endpoints, MIDI_MAX_ENDPOINTS);
2071 	for (i = 0; i < MIDI_MAX_ENDPOINTS; ++i) {
2072 		if (endpoints[i].out_ep)
2073 			endpoints[i].out_cables = 0x0001;
2074 		if (endpoints[i].in_ep)
2075 			endpoints[i].in_cables = 0x0001;
2076 	}
2077 	return err;
2078 }
2079 
2080 /*
2081  * Detects the endpoints and ports of Yamaha devices.
2082  */
2083 static int snd_usbmidi_detect_yamaha(struct snd_usb_midi *umidi,
2084 				     struct snd_usb_midi_endpoint_info *endpoint)
2085 {
2086 	struct usb_interface *intf;
2087 	struct usb_host_interface *hostif;
2088 	struct usb_interface_descriptor *intfd;
2089 	uint8_t *cs_desc;
2090 
2091 	intf = umidi->iface;
2092 	if (!intf)
2093 		return -ENOENT;
2094 	hostif = intf->altsetting;
2095 	intfd = get_iface_desc(hostif);
2096 	if (intfd->bNumEndpoints < 1)
2097 		return -ENOENT;
2098 
2099 	/*
2100 	 * For each port there is one MIDI_IN/OUT_JACK descriptor, not
2101 	 * necessarily with any useful contents.  So simply count 'em.
2102 	 */
2103 	for (cs_desc = hostif->extra;
2104 	     cs_desc < hostif->extra + hostif->extralen && cs_desc[0] >= 2;
2105 	     cs_desc += cs_desc[0]) {
2106 		if (cs_desc[1] == USB_DT_CS_INTERFACE) {
2107 			if (cs_desc[2] == UAC_MIDI_IN_JACK)
2108 				endpoint->in_cables =
2109 					(endpoint->in_cables << 1) | 1;
2110 			else if (cs_desc[2] == UAC_MIDI_OUT_JACK)
2111 				endpoint->out_cables =
2112 					(endpoint->out_cables << 1) | 1;
2113 		}
2114 	}
2115 	if (!endpoint->in_cables && !endpoint->out_cables)
2116 		return -ENOENT;
2117 
2118 	return snd_usbmidi_detect_endpoints(umidi, endpoint, 1);
2119 }
2120 
2121 /*
2122  * Detects the endpoints and ports of Roland devices.
2123  */
2124 static int snd_usbmidi_detect_roland(struct snd_usb_midi *umidi,
2125 				     struct snd_usb_midi_endpoint_info *endpoint)
2126 {
2127 	struct usb_interface *intf;
2128 	struct usb_host_interface *hostif;
2129 	u8 *cs_desc;
2130 
2131 	intf = umidi->iface;
2132 	if (!intf)
2133 		return -ENOENT;
2134 	hostif = intf->altsetting;
2135 	/*
2136 	 * Some devices have a descriptor <06 24 F1 02 <inputs> <outputs>>,
2137 	 * some have standard class descriptors, or both kinds, or neither.
2138 	 */
2139 	for (cs_desc = hostif->extra;
2140 	     cs_desc < hostif->extra + hostif->extralen && cs_desc[0] >= 2;
2141 	     cs_desc += cs_desc[0]) {
2142 		if (cs_desc[0] >= 6 &&
2143 		    cs_desc[1] == USB_DT_CS_INTERFACE &&
2144 		    cs_desc[2] == 0xf1 &&
2145 		    cs_desc[3] == 0x02) {
2146 			if (cs_desc[4] > 0x10 || cs_desc[5] > 0x10)
2147 				continue;
2148 			endpoint->in_cables  = (1 << cs_desc[4]) - 1;
2149 			endpoint->out_cables = (1 << cs_desc[5]) - 1;
2150 			return snd_usbmidi_detect_endpoints(umidi, endpoint, 1);
2151 		} else if (cs_desc[0] >= 7 &&
2152 			   cs_desc[1] == USB_DT_CS_INTERFACE &&
2153 			   cs_desc[2] == UAC_HEADER) {
2154 			return snd_usbmidi_get_ms_info(umidi, endpoint);
2155 		}
2156 	}
2157 
2158 	return -ENODEV;
2159 }
2160 
2161 /*
2162  * Creates the endpoints and their ports for Midiman devices.
2163  */
2164 static int snd_usbmidi_create_endpoints_midiman(struct snd_usb_midi *umidi,
2165 						struct snd_usb_midi_endpoint_info *endpoint)
2166 {
2167 	struct snd_usb_midi_endpoint_info ep_info;
2168 	struct usb_interface *intf;
2169 	struct usb_host_interface *hostif;
2170 	struct usb_interface_descriptor *intfd;
2171 	struct usb_endpoint_descriptor *epd;
2172 	int cable, err;
2173 
2174 	intf = umidi->iface;
2175 	if (!intf)
2176 		return -ENOENT;
2177 	hostif = intf->altsetting;
2178 	intfd = get_iface_desc(hostif);
2179 	/*
2180 	 * The various MidiSport devices have more or less random endpoint
2181 	 * numbers, so we have to identify the endpoints by their index in
2182 	 * the descriptor array, like the driver for that other OS does.
2183 	 *
2184 	 * There is one interrupt input endpoint for all input ports, one
2185 	 * bulk output endpoint for even-numbered ports, and one for odd-
2186 	 * numbered ports.  Both bulk output endpoints have corresponding
2187 	 * input bulk endpoints (at indices 1 and 3) which aren't used.
2188 	 */
2189 	if (intfd->bNumEndpoints < (endpoint->out_cables > 0x0001 ? 5 : 3)) {
2190 		dev_dbg(&umidi->dev->dev, "not enough endpoints\n");
2191 		return -ENOENT;
2192 	}
2193 
2194 	epd = get_endpoint(hostif, 0);
2195 	if (!usb_endpoint_dir_in(epd) || !usb_endpoint_xfer_int(epd)) {
2196 		dev_dbg(&umidi->dev->dev, "endpoint[0] isn't interrupt\n");
2197 		return -ENXIO;
2198 	}
2199 	epd = get_endpoint(hostif, 2);
2200 	if (!usb_endpoint_dir_out(epd) || !usb_endpoint_xfer_bulk(epd)) {
2201 		dev_dbg(&umidi->dev->dev, "endpoint[2] isn't bulk output\n");
2202 		return -ENXIO;
2203 	}
2204 	if (endpoint->out_cables > 0x0001) {
2205 		epd = get_endpoint(hostif, 4);
2206 		if (!usb_endpoint_dir_out(epd) ||
2207 		    !usb_endpoint_xfer_bulk(epd)) {
2208 			dev_dbg(&umidi->dev->dev,
2209 				"endpoint[4] isn't bulk output\n");
2210 			return -ENXIO;
2211 		}
2212 	}
2213 
2214 	ep_info.out_ep = get_endpoint(hostif, 2)->bEndpointAddress &
2215 		USB_ENDPOINT_NUMBER_MASK;
2216 	ep_info.out_interval = 0;
2217 	ep_info.out_cables = endpoint->out_cables & 0x5555;
2218 	err = snd_usbmidi_out_endpoint_create(umidi, &ep_info,
2219 					      &umidi->endpoints[0]);
2220 	if (err < 0)
2221 		return err;
2222 
2223 	ep_info.in_ep = get_endpoint(hostif, 0)->bEndpointAddress &
2224 		USB_ENDPOINT_NUMBER_MASK;
2225 	ep_info.in_interval = get_endpoint(hostif, 0)->bInterval;
2226 	ep_info.in_cables = endpoint->in_cables;
2227 	err = snd_usbmidi_in_endpoint_create(umidi, &ep_info,
2228 					     &umidi->endpoints[0]);
2229 	if (err < 0)
2230 		return err;
2231 
2232 	if (endpoint->out_cables > 0x0001) {
2233 		ep_info.out_ep = get_endpoint(hostif, 4)->bEndpointAddress &
2234 			USB_ENDPOINT_NUMBER_MASK;
2235 		ep_info.out_cables = endpoint->out_cables & 0xaaaa;
2236 		err = snd_usbmidi_out_endpoint_create(umidi, &ep_info,
2237 						      &umidi->endpoints[1]);
2238 		if (err < 0)
2239 			return err;
2240 	}
2241 
2242 	for (cable = 0; cable < 0x10; ++cable) {
2243 		if (endpoint->out_cables & (1 << cable))
2244 			snd_usbmidi_init_substream(umidi,
2245 						   SNDRV_RAWMIDI_STREAM_OUTPUT,
2246 						   cable,
2247 						   &umidi->endpoints[cable & 1].out->ports[cable].substream);
2248 		if (endpoint->in_cables & (1 << cable))
2249 			snd_usbmidi_init_substream(umidi,
2250 						   SNDRV_RAWMIDI_STREAM_INPUT,
2251 						   cable,
2252 						   &umidi->endpoints[0].in->ports[cable].substream);
2253 	}
2254 	return 0;
2255 }
2256 
2257 static const struct snd_rawmidi_global_ops snd_usbmidi_ops = {
2258 	.get_port_info = snd_usbmidi_get_port_info,
2259 };
2260 
2261 static int snd_usbmidi_create_rawmidi(struct snd_usb_midi *umidi,
2262 				      int out_ports, int in_ports)
2263 {
2264 	struct snd_rawmidi *rmidi;
2265 	int err;
2266 
2267 	err = snd_rawmidi_new(umidi->card, "USB MIDI",
2268 			      umidi->next_midi_device++,
2269 			      out_ports, in_ports, &rmidi);
2270 	if (err < 0)
2271 		return err;
2272 	strcpy(rmidi->name, umidi->card->shortname);
2273 	rmidi->info_flags = SNDRV_RAWMIDI_INFO_OUTPUT |
2274 			    SNDRV_RAWMIDI_INFO_INPUT |
2275 			    SNDRV_RAWMIDI_INFO_DUPLEX;
2276 	rmidi->ops = &snd_usbmidi_ops;
2277 	rmidi->private_data = umidi;
2278 	rmidi->private_free = snd_usbmidi_rawmidi_free;
2279 	snd_rawmidi_set_ops(rmidi, SNDRV_RAWMIDI_STREAM_OUTPUT,
2280 			    &snd_usbmidi_output_ops);
2281 	snd_rawmidi_set_ops(rmidi, SNDRV_RAWMIDI_STREAM_INPUT,
2282 			    &snd_usbmidi_input_ops);
2283 
2284 	umidi->rmidi = rmidi;
2285 	return 0;
2286 }
2287 
2288 /*
2289  * Temporarily stop input.
2290  */
2291 void snd_usbmidi_input_stop(struct list_head *p)
2292 {
2293 	struct snd_usb_midi *umidi;
2294 	unsigned int i, j;
2295 
2296 	umidi = list_entry(p, struct snd_usb_midi, list);
2297 	if (!umidi->input_running)
2298 		return;
2299 	for (i = 0; i < MIDI_MAX_ENDPOINTS; ++i) {
2300 		struct snd_usb_midi_endpoint *ep = &umidi->endpoints[i];
2301 		if (ep->in)
2302 			for (j = 0; j < INPUT_URBS; ++j)
2303 				usb_kill_urb(ep->in->urbs[j]);
2304 	}
2305 	umidi->input_running = 0;
2306 }
2307 EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_usbmidi_input_stop);
2308 
2309 static void snd_usbmidi_input_start_ep(struct snd_usb_midi *umidi,
2310 				       struct snd_usb_midi_in_endpoint *ep)
2311 {
2312 	unsigned int i;
2313 	unsigned long flags;
2314 
2315 	if (!ep)
2316 		return;
2317 	for (i = 0; i < INPUT_URBS; ++i) {
2318 		struct urb *urb = ep->urbs[i];
2319 		spin_lock_irqsave(&umidi->disc_lock, flags);
2320 		if (!atomic_read(&urb->use_count)) {
2321 			urb->dev = ep->umidi->dev;
2322 			snd_usbmidi_submit_urb(urb, GFP_ATOMIC);
2323 		}
2324 		spin_unlock_irqrestore(&umidi->disc_lock, flags);
2325 	}
2326 }
2327 
2328 /*
2329  * Resume input after a call to snd_usbmidi_input_stop().
2330  */
2331 void snd_usbmidi_input_start(struct list_head *p)
2332 {
2333 	struct snd_usb_midi *umidi;
2334 	int i;
2335 
2336 	umidi = list_entry(p, struct snd_usb_midi, list);
2337 	if (umidi->input_running || !umidi->opened[1])
2338 		return;
2339 	for (i = 0; i < MIDI_MAX_ENDPOINTS; ++i)
2340 		snd_usbmidi_input_start_ep(umidi, umidi->endpoints[i].in);
2341 	umidi->input_running = 1;
2342 }
2343 EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_usbmidi_input_start);
2344 
2345 /*
2346  * Prepare for suspend. Typically called from the USB suspend callback.
2347  */
2348 void snd_usbmidi_suspend(struct list_head *p)
2349 {
2350 	struct snd_usb_midi *umidi;
2351 
2352 	umidi = list_entry(p, struct snd_usb_midi, list);
2353 	mutex_lock(&umidi->mutex);
2354 	snd_usbmidi_input_stop(p);
2355 	mutex_unlock(&umidi->mutex);
2356 }
2357 EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_usbmidi_suspend);
2358 
2359 /*
2360  * Resume. Typically called from the USB resume callback.
2361  */
2362 void snd_usbmidi_resume(struct list_head *p)
2363 {
2364 	struct snd_usb_midi *umidi;
2365 
2366 	umidi = list_entry(p, struct snd_usb_midi, list);
2367 	mutex_lock(&umidi->mutex);
2368 	snd_usbmidi_input_start(p);
2369 	mutex_unlock(&umidi->mutex);
2370 }
2371 EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_usbmidi_resume);
2372 
2373 /*
2374  * Creates and registers everything needed for a MIDI streaming interface.
2375  */
2376 int __snd_usbmidi_create(struct snd_card *card,
2377 			 struct usb_interface *iface,
2378 			 struct list_head *midi_list,
2379 			 const struct snd_usb_audio_quirk *quirk,
2380 			 unsigned int usb_id)
2381 {
2382 	struct snd_usb_midi *umidi;
2383 	struct snd_usb_midi_endpoint_info endpoints[MIDI_MAX_ENDPOINTS];
2384 	int out_ports, in_ports;
2385 	int i, err;
2386 
2387 	umidi = kzalloc(sizeof(*umidi), GFP_KERNEL);
2388 	if (!umidi)
2389 		return -ENOMEM;
2390 	umidi->dev = interface_to_usbdev(iface);
2391 	umidi->card = card;
2392 	umidi->iface = iface;
2393 	umidi->quirk = quirk;
2394 	umidi->usb_protocol_ops = &snd_usbmidi_standard_ops;
2395 	spin_lock_init(&umidi->disc_lock);
2396 	init_rwsem(&umidi->disc_rwsem);
2397 	mutex_init(&umidi->mutex);
2398 	if (!usb_id)
2399 		usb_id = USB_ID(le16_to_cpu(umidi->dev->descriptor.idVendor),
2400 			       le16_to_cpu(umidi->dev->descriptor.idProduct));
2401 	umidi->usb_id = usb_id;
2402 	timer_setup(&umidi->error_timer, snd_usbmidi_error_timer, 0);
2403 
2404 	/* detect the endpoint(s) to use */
2405 	memset(endpoints, 0, sizeof(endpoints));
2406 	switch (quirk ? quirk->type : QUIRK_MIDI_STANDARD_INTERFACE) {
2407 	case QUIRK_MIDI_STANDARD_INTERFACE:
2408 		err = snd_usbmidi_get_ms_info(umidi, endpoints);
2409 		if (umidi->usb_id == USB_ID(0x0763, 0x0150)) /* M-Audio Uno */
2410 			umidi->usb_protocol_ops =
2411 				&snd_usbmidi_maudio_broken_running_status_ops;
2412 		break;
2413 	case QUIRK_MIDI_US122L:
2414 		umidi->usb_protocol_ops = &snd_usbmidi_122l_ops;
2415 		fallthrough;
2416 	case QUIRK_MIDI_FIXED_ENDPOINT:
2417 		memcpy(&endpoints[0], quirk->data,
2418 		       sizeof(struct snd_usb_midi_endpoint_info));
2419 		err = snd_usbmidi_detect_endpoints(umidi, &endpoints[0], 1);
2420 		break;
2421 	case QUIRK_MIDI_YAMAHA:
2422 		err = snd_usbmidi_detect_yamaha(umidi, &endpoints[0]);
2423 		break;
2424 	case QUIRK_MIDI_ROLAND:
2425 		err = snd_usbmidi_detect_roland(umidi, &endpoints[0]);
2426 		break;
2427 	case QUIRK_MIDI_MIDIMAN:
2428 		umidi->usb_protocol_ops = &snd_usbmidi_midiman_ops;
2429 		memcpy(&endpoints[0], quirk->data,
2430 		       sizeof(struct snd_usb_midi_endpoint_info));
2431 		err = 0;
2432 		break;
2433 	case QUIRK_MIDI_NOVATION:
2434 		umidi->usb_protocol_ops = &snd_usbmidi_novation_ops;
2435 		err = snd_usbmidi_detect_per_port_endpoints(umidi, endpoints);
2436 		break;
2437 	case QUIRK_MIDI_RAW_BYTES:
2438 		umidi->usb_protocol_ops = &snd_usbmidi_raw_ops;
2439 		/*
2440 		 * Interface 1 contains isochronous endpoints, but with the same
2441 		 * numbers as in interface 0.  Since it is interface 1 that the
2442 		 * USB core has most recently seen, these descriptors are now
2443 		 * associated with the endpoint numbers.  This will foul up our
2444 		 * attempts to submit bulk/interrupt URBs to the endpoints in
2445 		 * interface 0, so we have to make sure that the USB core looks
2446 		 * again at interface 0 by calling usb_set_interface() on it.
2447 		 */
2448 		if (umidi->usb_id == USB_ID(0x07fd, 0x0001)) /* MOTU Fastlane */
2449 			usb_set_interface(umidi->dev, 0, 0);
2450 		err = snd_usbmidi_detect_per_port_endpoints(umidi, endpoints);
2451 		break;
2452 	case QUIRK_MIDI_EMAGIC:
2453 		umidi->usb_protocol_ops = &snd_usbmidi_emagic_ops;
2454 		memcpy(&endpoints[0], quirk->data,
2455 		       sizeof(struct snd_usb_midi_endpoint_info));
2456 		err = snd_usbmidi_detect_endpoints(umidi, &endpoints[0], 1);
2457 		break;
2458 	case QUIRK_MIDI_CME:
2459 		umidi->usb_protocol_ops = &snd_usbmidi_cme_ops;
2460 		err = snd_usbmidi_detect_per_port_endpoints(umidi, endpoints);
2461 		break;
2462 	case QUIRK_MIDI_AKAI:
2463 		umidi->usb_protocol_ops = &snd_usbmidi_akai_ops;
2464 		err = snd_usbmidi_detect_per_port_endpoints(umidi, endpoints);
2465 		/* endpoint 1 is input-only */
2466 		endpoints[1].out_cables = 0;
2467 		break;
2468 	case QUIRK_MIDI_FTDI:
2469 		umidi->usb_protocol_ops = &snd_usbmidi_ftdi_ops;
2470 
2471 		/* set baud rate to 31250 (48 MHz / 16 / 96) */
2472 		err = usb_control_msg(umidi->dev, usb_sndctrlpipe(umidi->dev, 0),
2473 				      3, 0x40, 0x60, 0, NULL, 0, 1000);
2474 		if (err < 0)
2475 			break;
2476 
2477 		err = snd_usbmidi_detect_per_port_endpoints(umidi, endpoints);
2478 		break;
2479 	case QUIRK_MIDI_CH345:
2480 		umidi->usb_protocol_ops = &snd_usbmidi_ch345_broken_sysex_ops;
2481 		err = snd_usbmidi_detect_per_port_endpoints(umidi, endpoints);
2482 		break;
2483 	default:
2484 		dev_err(&umidi->dev->dev, "invalid quirk type %d\n",
2485 			quirk->type);
2486 		err = -ENXIO;
2487 		break;
2488 	}
2489 	if (err < 0)
2490 		goto free_midi;
2491 
2492 	/* create rawmidi device */
2493 	out_ports = 0;
2494 	in_ports = 0;
2495 	for (i = 0; i < MIDI_MAX_ENDPOINTS; ++i) {
2496 		out_ports += hweight16(endpoints[i].out_cables);
2497 		in_ports += hweight16(endpoints[i].in_cables);
2498 	}
2499 	err = snd_usbmidi_create_rawmidi(umidi, out_ports, in_ports);
2500 	if (err < 0)
2501 		goto free_midi;
2502 
2503 	/* create endpoint/port structures */
2504 	if (quirk && quirk->type == QUIRK_MIDI_MIDIMAN)
2505 		err = snd_usbmidi_create_endpoints_midiman(umidi, &endpoints[0]);
2506 	else
2507 		err = snd_usbmidi_create_endpoints(umidi, endpoints);
2508 	if (err < 0)
2509 		goto exit;
2510 
2511 	usb_autopm_get_interface_no_resume(umidi->iface);
2512 
2513 	list_add_tail(&umidi->list, midi_list);
2514 	return 0;
2515 
2516 free_midi:
2517 	kfree(umidi);
2518 exit:
2519 	return err;
2520 }
2521 EXPORT_SYMBOL(__snd_usbmidi_create);
2522