xref: /linux/sound/usb/endpoint.c (revision 4413e16d9d21673bb5048a2e542f1aaa00015c2e)
1 /*
2  *   This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
3  *   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
4  *   the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
5  *   (at your option) any later version.
6  *
7  *   This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
8  *   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
9  *   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
10  *   GNU General Public License for more details.
11  *
12  *   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
13  *   along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
14  *   Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307 USA
15  *
16  */
17 
18 #include <linux/gfp.h>
19 #include <linux/init.h>
20 #include <linux/ratelimit.h>
21 #include <linux/usb.h>
22 #include <linux/usb/audio.h>
23 #include <linux/slab.h>
24 
25 #include <sound/core.h>
26 #include <sound/pcm.h>
27 #include <sound/pcm_params.h>
28 
29 #include "usbaudio.h"
30 #include "helper.h"
31 #include "card.h"
32 #include "endpoint.h"
33 #include "pcm.h"
34 
35 #define EP_FLAG_ACTIVATED	0
36 #define EP_FLAG_RUNNING		1
37 
38 /*
39  * snd_usb_endpoint is a model that abstracts everything related to an
40  * USB endpoint and its streaming.
41  *
42  * There are functions to activate and deactivate the streaming URBs and
43  * optional callbacks to let the pcm logic handle the actual content of the
44  * packets for playback and record. Thus, the bus streaming and the audio
45  * handlers are fully decoupled.
46  *
47  * There are two different types of endpoints in audio applications.
48  *
49  * SND_USB_ENDPOINT_TYPE_DATA handles full audio data payload for both
50  * inbound and outbound traffic.
51  *
52  * SND_USB_ENDPOINT_TYPE_SYNC endpoints are for inbound traffic only and
53  * expect the payload to carry Q10.14 / Q16.16 formatted sync information
54  * (3 or 4 bytes).
55  *
56  * Each endpoint has to be configured prior to being used by calling
57  * snd_usb_endpoint_set_params().
58  *
59  * The model incorporates a reference counting, so that multiple users
60  * can call snd_usb_endpoint_start() and snd_usb_endpoint_stop(), and
61  * only the first user will effectively start the URBs, and only the last
62  * one to stop it will tear the URBs down again.
63  */
64 
65 /*
66  * convert a sampling rate into our full speed format (fs/1000 in Q16.16)
67  * this will overflow at approx 524 kHz
68  */
69 static inline unsigned get_usb_full_speed_rate(unsigned int rate)
70 {
71 	return ((rate << 13) + 62) / 125;
72 }
73 
74 /*
75  * convert a sampling rate into USB high speed format (fs/8000 in Q16.16)
76  * this will overflow at approx 4 MHz
77  */
78 static inline unsigned get_usb_high_speed_rate(unsigned int rate)
79 {
80 	return ((rate << 10) + 62) / 125;
81 }
82 
83 /*
84  * release a urb data
85  */
86 static void release_urb_ctx(struct snd_urb_ctx *u)
87 {
88 	if (u->buffer_size)
89 		usb_free_coherent(u->ep->chip->dev, u->buffer_size,
90 				  u->urb->transfer_buffer,
91 				  u->urb->transfer_dma);
92 	usb_free_urb(u->urb);
93 	u->urb = NULL;
94 }
95 
96 static const char *usb_error_string(int err)
97 {
98 	switch (err) {
99 	case -ENODEV:
100 		return "no device";
101 	case -ENOENT:
102 		return "endpoint not enabled";
103 	case -EPIPE:
104 		return "endpoint stalled";
105 	case -ENOSPC:
106 		return "not enough bandwidth";
107 	case -ESHUTDOWN:
108 		return "device disabled";
109 	case -EHOSTUNREACH:
110 		return "device suspended";
111 	case -EINVAL:
112 	case -EAGAIN:
113 	case -EFBIG:
114 	case -EMSGSIZE:
115 		return "internal error";
116 	default:
117 		return "unknown error";
118 	}
119 }
120 
121 /**
122  * snd_usb_endpoint_implicit_feedback_sink: Report endpoint usage type
123  *
124  * @ep: The snd_usb_endpoint
125  *
126  * Determine whether an endpoint is driven by an implicit feedback
127  * data endpoint source.
128  */
129 int snd_usb_endpoint_implict_feedback_sink(struct snd_usb_endpoint *ep)
130 {
131 	return  ep->sync_master &&
132 		ep->sync_master->type == SND_USB_ENDPOINT_TYPE_DATA &&
133 		ep->type == SND_USB_ENDPOINT_TYPE_DATA &&
134 		usb_pipeout(ep->pipe);
135 }
136 
137 /*
138  * For streaming based on information derived from sync endpoints,
139  * prepare_outbound_urb_sizes() will call next_packet_size() to
140  * determine the number of samples to be sent in the next packet.
141  *
142  * For implicit feedback, next_packet_size() is unused.
143  */
144 int snd_usb_endpoint_next_packet_size(struct snd_usb_endpoint *ep)
145 {
146 	unsigned long flags;
147 	int ret;
148 
149 	if (ep->fill_max)
150 		return ep->maxframesize;
151 
152 	spin_lock_irqsave(&ep->lock, flags);
153 	ep->phase = (ep->phase & 0xffff)
154 		+ (ep->freqm << ep->datainterval);
155 	ret = min(ep->phase >> 16, ep->maxframesize);
156 	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&ep->lock, flags);
157 
158 	return ret;
159 }
160 
161 static void retire_outbound_urb(struct snd_usb_endpoint *ep,
162 				struct snd_urb_ctx *urb_ctx)
163 {
164 	if (ep->retire_data_urb)
165 		ep->retire_data_urb(ep->data_subs, urb_ctx->urb);
166 }
167 
168 static void retire_inbound_urb(struct snd_usb_endpoint *ep,
169 			       struct snd_urb_ctx *urb_ctx)
170 {
171 	struct urb *urb = urb_ctx->urb;
172 
173 	if (ep->sync_slave)
174 		snd_usb_handle_sync_urb(ep->sync_slave, ep, urb);
175 
176 	if (ep->retire_data_urb)
177 		ep->retire_data_urb(ep->data_subs, urb);
178 }
179 
180 /*
181  * Prepare a PLAYBACK urb for submission to the bus.
182  */
183 static void prepare_outbound_urb(struct snd_usb_endpoint *ep,
184 				 struct snd_urb_ctx *ctx)
185 {
186 	int i;
187 	struct urb *urb = ctx->urb;
188 	unsigned char *cp = urb->transfer_buffer;
189 
190 	urb->dev = ep->chip->dev; /* we need to set this at each time */
191 
192 	switch (ep->type) {
193 	case SND_USB_ENDPOINT_TYPE_DATA:
194 		if (ep->prepare_data_urb) {
195 			ep->prepare_data_urb(ep->data_subs, urb);
196 		} else {
197 			/* no data provider, so send silence */
198 			unsigned int offs = 0;
199 			for (i = 0; i < ctx->packets; ++i) {
200 				int counts;
201 
202 				if (ctx->packet_size[i])
203 					counts = ctx->packet_size[i];
204 				else
205 					counts = snd_usb_endpoint_next_packet_size(ep);
206 
207 				urb->iso_frame_desc[i].offset = offs * ep->stride;
208 				urb->iso_frame_desc[i].length = counts * ep->stride;
209 				offs += counts;
210 			}
211 
212 			urb->number_of_packets = ctx->packets;
213 			urb->transfer_buffer_length = offs * ep->stride;
214 			memset(urb->transfer_buffer, ep->silence_value,
215 			       offs * ep->stride);
216 		}
217 		break;
218 
219 	case SND_USB_ENDPOINT_TYPE_SYNC:
220 		if (snd_usb_get_speed(ep->chip->dev) >= USB_SPEED_HIGH) {
221 			/*
222 			 * fill the length and offset of each urb descriptor.
223 			 * the fixed 12.13 frequency is passed as 16.16 through the pipe.
224 			 */
225 			urb->iso_frame_desc[0].length = 4;
226 			urb->iso_frame_desc[0].offset = 0;
227 			cp[0] = ep->freqn;
228 			cp[1] = ep->freqn >> 8;
229 			cp[2] = ep->freqn >> 16;
230 			cp[3] = ep->freqn >> 24;
231 		} else {
232 			/*
233 			 * fill the length and offset of each urb descriptor.
234 			 * the fixed 10.14 frequency is passed through the pipe.
235 			 */
236 			urb->iso_frame_desc[0].length = 3;
237 			urb->iso_frame_desc[0].offset = 0;
238 			cp[0] = ep->freqn >> 2;
239 			cp[1] = ep->freqn >> 10;
240 			cp[2] = ep->freqn >> 18;
241 		}
242 
243 		break;
244 	}
245 }
246 
247 /*
248  * Prepare a CAPTURE or SYNC urb for submission to the bus.
249  */
250 static inline void prepare_inbound_urb(struct snd_usb_endpoint *ep,
251 				       struct snd_urb_ctx *urb_ctx)
252 {
253 	int i, offs;
254 	struct urb *urb = urb_ctx->urb;
255 
256 	urb->dev = ep->chip->dev; /* we need to set this at each time */
257 
258 	switch (ep->type) {
259 	case SND_USB_ENDPOINT_TYPE_DATA:
260 		offs = 0;
261 		for (i = 0; i < urb_ctx->packets; i++) {
262 			urb->iso_frame_desc[i].offset = offs;
263 			urb->iso_frame_desc[i].length = ep->curpacksize;
264 			offs += ep->curpacksize;
265 		}
266 
267 		urb->transfer_buffer_length = offs;
268 		urb->number_of_packets = urb_ctx->packets;
269 		break;
270 
271 	case SND_USB_ENDPOINT_TYPE_SYNC:
272 		urb->iso_frame_desc[0].length = min(4u, ep->syncmaxsize);
273 		urb->iso_frame_desc[0].offset = 0;
274 		break;
275 	}
276 }
277 
278 /*
279  * Send output urbs that have been prepared previously. URBs are dequeued
280  * from ep->ready_playback_urbs and in case there there aren't any available
281  * or there are no packets that have been prepared, this function does
282  * nothing.
283  *
284  * The reason why the functionality of sending and preparing URBs is separated
285  * is that host controllers don't guarantee the order in which they return
286  * inbound and outbound packets to their submitters.
287  *
288  * This function is only used for implicit feedback endpoints. For endpoints
289  * driven by dedicated sync endpoints, URBs are immediately re-submitted
290  * from their completion handler.
291  */
292 static void queue_pending_output_urbs(struct snd_usb_endpoint *ep)
293 {
294 	while (test_bit(EP_FLAG_RUNNING, &ep->flags)) {
295 
296 		unsigned long flags;
297 		struct snd_usb_packet_info *uninitialized_var(packet);
298 		struct snd_urb_ctx *ctx = NULL;
299 		struct urb *urb;
300 		int err, i;
301 
302 		spin_lock_irqsave(&ep->lock, flags);
303 		if (ep->next_packet_read_pos != ep->next_packet_write_pos) {
304 			packet = ep->next_packet + ep->next_packet_read_pos;
305 			ep->next_packet_read_pos++;
306 			ep->next_packet_read_pos %= MAX_URBS;
307 
308 			/* take URB out of FIFO */
309 			if (!list_empty(&ep->ready_playback_urbs))
310 				ctx = list_first_entry(&ep->ready_playback_urbs,
311 					       struct snd_urb_ctx, ready_list);
312 		}
313 		spin_unlock_irqrestore(&ep->lock, flags);
314 
315 		if (ctx == NULL)
316 			return;
317 
318 		list_del_init(&ctx->ready_list);
319 		urb = ctx->urb;
320 
321 		/* copy over the length information */
322 		for (i = 0; i < packet->packets; i++)
323 			ctx->packet_size[i] = packet->packet_size[i];
324 
325 		/* call the data handler to fill in playback data */
326 		prepare_outbound_urb(ep, ctx);
327 
328 		err = usb_submit_urb(ctx->urb, GFP_ATOMIC);
329 		if (err < 0)
330 			snd_printk(KERN_ERR "Unable to submit urb #%d: %d (urb %p)\n",
331 				   ctx->index, err, ctx->urb);
332 		else
333 			set_bit(ctx->index, &ep->active_mask);
334 	}
335 }
336 
337 /*
338  * complete callback for urbs
339  */
340 static void snd_complete_urb(struct urb *urb)
341 {
342 	struct snd_urb_ctx *ctx = urb->context;
343 	struct snd_usb_endpoint *ep = ctx->ep;
344 	int err;
345 
346 	if (unlikely(urb->status == -ENOENT ||		/* unlinked */
347 		     urb->status == -ENODEV ||		/* device removed */
348 		     urb->status == -ECONNRESET ||	/* unlinked */
349 		     urb->status == -ESHUTDOWN ||	/* device disabled */
350 		     ep->chip->shutdown))		/* device disconnected */
351 		goto exit_clear;
352 
353 	if (usb_pipeout(ep->pipe)) {
354 		retire_outbound_urb(ep, ctx);
355 		/* can be stopped during retire callback */
356 		if (unlikely(!test_bit(EP_FLAG_RUNNING, &ep->flags)))
357 			goto exit_clear;
358 
359 		if (snd_usb_endpoint_implict_feedback_sink(ep)) {
360 			unsigned long flags;
361 
362 			spin_lock_irqsave(&ep->lock, flags);
363 			list_add_tail(&ctx->ready_list, &ep->ready_playback_urbs);
364 			spin_unlock_irqrestore(&ep->lock, flags);
365 			queue_pending_output_urbs(ep);
366 
367 			goto exit_clear;
368 		}
369 
370 		prepare_outbound_urb(ep, ctx);
371 	} else {
372 		retire_inbound_urb(ep, ctx);
373 		/* can be stopped during retire callback */
374 		if (unlikely(!test_bit(EP_FLAG_RUNNING, &ep->flags)))
375 			goto exit_clear;
376 
377 		prepare_inbound_urb(ep, ctx);
378 	}
379 
380 	err = usb_submit_urb(urb, GFP_ATOMIC);
381 	if (err == 0)
382 		return;
383 
384 	snd_printk(KERN_ERR "cannot submit urb (err = %d)\n", err);
385 	//snd_pcm_stop(substream, SNDRV_PCM_STATE_XRUN);
386 
387 exit_clear:
388 	clear_bit(ctx->index, &ep->active_mask);
389 }
390 
391 /**
392  * snd_usb_add_endpoint: Add an endpoint to an USB audio chip
393  *
394  * @chip: The chip
395  * @alts: The USB host interface
396  * @ep_num: The number of the endpoint to use
397  * @direction: SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK or SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_CAPTURE
398  * @type: SND_USB_ENDPOINT_TYPE_DATA or SND_USB_ENDPOINT_TYPE_SYNC
399  *
400  * If the requested endpoint has not been added to the given chip before,
401  * a new instance is created. Otherwise, a pointer to the previoulsy
402  * created instance is returned. In case of any error, NULL is returned.
403  *
404  * New endpoints will be added to chip->ep_list and must be freed by
405  * calling snd_usb_endpoint_free().
406  */
407 struct snd_usb_endpoint *snd_usb_add_endpoint(struct snd_usb_audio *chip,
408 					      struct usb_host_interface *alts,
409 					      int ep_num, int direction, int type)
410 {
411 	struct list_head *p;
412 	struct snd_usb_endpoint *ep;
413 	int is_playback = direction == SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK;
414 
415 	mutex_lock(&chip->mutex);
416 
417 	list_for_each(p, &chip->ep_list) {
418 		ep = list_entry(p, struct snd_usb_endpoint, list);
419 		if (ep->ep_num == ep_num &&
420 		    ep->iface == alts->desc.bInterfaceNumber &&
421 		    ep->alt_idx == alts->desc.bAlternateSetting) {
422 			snd_printdd(KERN_DEBUG "Re-using EP %x in iface %d,%d @%p\n",
423 					ep_num, ep->iface, ep->alt_idx, ep);
424 			goto __exit_unlock;
425 		}
426 	}
427 
428 	snd_printdd(KERN_DEBUG "Creating new %s %s endpoint #%x\n",
429 		    is_playback ? "playback" : "capture",
430 		    type == SND_USB_ENDPOINT_TYPE_DATA ? "data" : "sync",
431 		    ep_num);
432 
433 	ep = kzalloc(sizeof(*ep), GFP_KERNEL);
434 	if (!ep)
435 		goto __exit_unlock;
436 
437 	ep->chip = chip;
438 	spin_lock_init(&ep->lock);
439 	ep->type = type;
440 	ep->ep_num = ep_num;
441 	ep->iface = alts->desc.bInterfaceNumber;
442 	ep->alt_idx = alts->desc.bAlternateSetting;
443 	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&ep->ready_playback_urbs);
444 	ep_num &= USB_ENDPOINT_NUMBER_MASK;
445 
446 	if (is_playback)
447 		ep->pipe = usb_sndisocpipe(chip->dev, ep_num);
448 	else
449 		ep->pipe = usb_rcvisocpipe(chip->dev, ep_num);
450 
451 	if (type == SND_USB_ENDPOINT_TYPE_SYNC) {
452 		if (get_endpoint(alts, 1)->bLength >= USB_DT_ENDPOINT_AUDIO_SIZE &&
453 		    get_endpoint(alts, 1)->bRefresh >= 1 &&
454 		    get_endpoint(alts, 1)->bRefresh <= 9)
455 			ep->syncinterval = get_endpoint(alts, 1)->bRefresh;
456 		else if (snd_usb_get_speed(chip->dev) == USB_SPEED_FULL)
457 			ep->syncinterval = 1;
458 		else if (get_endpoint(alts, 1)->bInterval >= 1 &&
459 			 get_endpoint(alts, 1)->bInterval <= 16)
460 			ep->syncinterval = get_endpoint(alts, 1)->bInterval - 1;
461 		else
462 			ep->syncinterval = 3;
463 
464 		ep->syncmaxsize = le16_to_cpu(get_endpoint(alts, 1)->wMaxPacketSize);
465 	}
466 
467 	list_add_tail(&ep->list, &chip->ep_list);
468 
469 __exit_unlock:
470 	mutex_unlock(&chip->mutex);
471 
472 	return ep;
473 }
474 
475 /*
476  *  wait until all urbs are processed.
477  */
478 static int wait_clear_urbs(struct snd_usb_endpoint *ep)
479 {
480 	unsigned long end_time = jiffies + msecs_to_jiffies(1000);
481 	unsigned int i;
482 	int alive;
483 
484 	do {
485 		alive = 0;
486 		for (i = 0; i < ep->nurbs; i++)
487 			if (test_bit(i, &ep->active_mask))
488 				alive++;
489 
490 		if (!alive)
491 			break;
492 
493 		schedule_timeout_uninterruptible(1);
494 	} while (time_before(jiffies, end_time));
495 
496 	if (alive)
497 		snd_printk(KERN_ERR "timeout: still %d active urbs on EP #%x\n",
498 					alive, ep->ep_num);
499 
500 	return 0;
501 }
502 
503 /*
504  * unlink active urbs.
505  */
506 static int deactivate_urbs(struct snd_usb_endpoint *ep, int force, int can_sleep)
507 {
508 	unsigned int i;
509 	int async;
510 
511 	if (!force && ep->chip->shutdown) /* to be sure... */
512 		return -EBADFD;
513 
514 	async = !can_sleep && ep->chip->async_unlink;
515 
516 	clear_bit(EP_FLAG_RUNNING, &ep->flags);
517 
518 	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&ep->ready_playback_urbs);
519 	ep->next_packet_read_pos = 0;
520 	ep->next_packet_write_pos = 0;
521 
522 	if (!async && in_interrupt())
523 		return 0;
524 
525 	for (i = 0; i < ep->nurbs; i++) {
526 		if (test_bit(i, &ep->active_mask)) {
527 			if (!test_and_set_bit(i, &ep->unlink_mask)) {
528 				struct urb *u = ep->urb[i].urb;
529 				if (async)
530 					usb_unlink_urb(u);
531 				else
532 					usb_kill_urb(u);
533 			}
534 		}
535 	}
536 
537 	return 0;
538 }
539 
540 /*
541  * release an endpoint's urbs
542  */
543 static void release_urbs(struct snd_usb_endpoint *ep, int force)
544 {
545 	int i;
546 
547 	/* route incoming urbs to nirvana */
548 	ep->retire_data_urb = NULL;
549 	ep->prepare_data_urb = NULL;
550 
551 	/* stop urbs */
552 	deactivate_urbs(ep, force, 1);
553 	wait_clear_urbs(ep);
554 
555 	for (i = 0; i < ep->nurbs; i++)
556 		release_urb_ctx(&ep->urb[i]);
557 
558 	if (ep->syncbuf)
559 		usb_free_coherent(ep->chip->dev, SYNC_URBS * 4,
560 				  ep->syncbuf, ep->sync_dma);
561 
562 	ep->syncbuf = NULL;
563 	ep->nurbs = 0;
564 }
565 
566 /*
567  * configure a data endpoint
568  */
569 static int data_ep_set_params(struct snd_usb_endpoint *ep,
570 			      struct snd_pcm_hw_params *hw_params,
571 			      struct audioformat *fmt,
572 			      struct snd_usb_endpoint *sync_ep)
573 {
574 	unsigned int maxsize, i, urb_packs, total_packs, packs_per_ms;
575 	int period_bytes = params_period_bytes(hw_params);
576 	int format = params_format(hw_params);
577 	int is_playback = usb_pipeout(ep->pipe);
578 	int frame_bits = snd_pcm_format_physical_width(params_format(hw_params)) *
579 							params_channels(hw_params);
580 
581 	ep->datainterval = fmt->datainterval;
582 	ep->stride = frame_bits >> 3;
583 	ep->silence_value = format == SNDRV_PCM_FORMAT_U8 ? 0x80 : 0;
584 
585 	/* calculate max. frequency */
586 	if (ep->maxpacksize) {
587 		/* whatever fits into a max. size packet */
588 		maxsize = ep->maxpacksize;
589 		ep->freqmax = (maxsize / (frame_bits >> 3))
590 				<< (16 - ep->datainterval);
591 	} else {
592 		/* no max. packet size: just take 25% higher than nominal */
593 		ep->freqmax = ep->freqn + (ep->freqn >> 2);
594 		maxsize = ((ep->freqmax + 0xffff) * (frame_bits >> 3))
595 				>> (16 - ep->datainterval);
596 	}
597 
598 	if (ep->fill_max)
599 		ep->curpacksize = ep->maxpacksize;
600 	else
601 		ep->curpacksize = maxsize;
602 
603 	if (snd_usb_get_speed(ep->chip->dev) != USB_SPEED_FULL)
604 		packs_per_ms = 8 >> ep->datainterval;
605 	else
606 		packs_per_ms = 1;
607 
608 	if (is_playback && !snd_usb_endpoint_implict_feedback_sink(ep)) {
609 		urb_packs = max(ep->chip->nrpacks, 1);
610 		urb_packs = min(urb_packs, (unsigned int) MAX_PACKS);
611 	} else {
612 		urb_packs = 1;
613 	}
614 
615 	urb_packs *= packs_per_ms;
616 
617 	if (sync_ep && !snd_usb_endpoint_implict_feedback_sink(ep))
618 		urb_packs = min(urb_packs, 1U << sync_ep->syncinterval);
619 
620 	/* decide how many packets to be used */
621 	if (is_playback && !snd_usb_endpoint_implict_feedback_sink(ep)) {
622 		unsigned int minsize, maxpacks;
623 		/* determine how small a packet can be */
624 		minsize = (ep->freqn >> (16 - ep->datainterval))
625 			  * (frame_bits >> 3);
626 		/* with sync from device, assume it can be 12% lower */
627 		if (sync_ep)
628 			minsize -= minsize >> 3;
629 		minsize = max(minsize, 1u);
630 		total_packs = (period_bytes + minsize - 1) / minsize;
631 		/* we need at least two URBs for queueing */
632 		if (total_packs < 2) {
633 			total_packs = 2;
634 		} else {
635 			/* and we don't want too long a queue either */
636 			maxpacks = max(MAX_QUEUE * packs_per_ms, urb_packs * 2);
637 			total_packs = min(total_packs, maxpacks);
638 		}
639 	} else {
640 		while (urb_packs > 1 && urb_packs * maxsize >= period_bytes)
641 			urb_packs >>= 1;
642 		total_packs = MAX_URBS * urb_packs;
643 	}
644 
645 	ep->nurbs = (total_packs + urb_packs - 1) / urb_packs;
646 	if (ep->nurbs > MAX_URBS) {
647 		/* too much... */
648 		ep->nurbs = MAX_URBS;
649 		total_packs = MAX_URBS * urb_packs;
650 	} else if (ep->nurbs < 2) {
651 		/* too little - we need at least two packets
652 		 * to ensure contiguous playback/capture
653 		 */
654 		ep->nurbs = 2;
655 	}
656 
657 	/* allocate and initialize data urbs */
658 	for (i = 0; i < ep->nurbs; i++) {
659 		struct snd_urb_ctx *u = &ep->urb[i];
660 		u->index = i;
661 		u->ep = ep;
662 		u->packets = (i + 1) * total_packs / ep->nurbs
663 			- i * total_packs / ep->nurbs;
664 		u->buffer_size = maxsize * u->packets;
665 
666 		if (fmt->fmt_type == UAC_FORMAT_TYPE_II)
667 			u->packets++; /* for transfer delimiter */
668 		u->urb = usb_alloc_urb(u->packets, GFP_KERNEL);
669 		if (!u->urb)
670 			goto out_of_memory;
671 
672 		u->urb->transfer_buffer =
673 			usb_alloc_coherent(ep->chip->dev, u->buffer_size,
674 					   GFP_KERNEL, &u->urb->transfer_dma);
675 		if (!u->urb->transfer_buffer)
676 			goto out_of_memory;
677 		u->urb->pipe = ep->pipe;
678 		u->urb->transfer_flags = URB_ISO_ASAP | URB_NO_TRANSFER_DMA_MAP;
679 		u->urb->interval = 1 << ep->datainterval;
680 		u->urb->context = u;
681 		u->urb->complete = snd_complete_urb;
682 		INIT_LIST_HEAD(&u->ready_list);
683 	}
684 
685 	return 0;
686 
687 out_of_memory:
688 	release_urbs(ep, 0);
689 	return -ENOMEM;
690 }
691 
692 /*
693  * configure a sync endpoint
694  */
695 static int sync_ep_set_params(struct snd_usb_endpoint *ep,
696 			      struct snd_pcm_hw_params *hw_params,
697 			      struct audioformat *fmt)
698 {
699 	int i;
700 
701 	ep->syncbuf = usb_alloc_coherent(ep->chip->dev, SYNC_URBS * 4,
702 					 GFP_KERNEL, &ep->sync_dma);
703 	if (!ep->syncbuf)
704 		return -ENOMEM;
705 
706 	for (i = 0; i < SYNC_URBS; i++) {
707 		struct snd_urb_ctx *u = &ep->urb[i];
708 		u->index = i;
709 		u->ep = ep;
710 		u->packets = 1;
711 		u->urb = usb_alloc_urb(1, GFP_KERNEL);
712 		if (!u->urb)
713 			goto out_of_memory;
714 		u->urb->transfer_buffer = ep->syncbuf + i * 4;
715 		u->urb->transfer_dma = ep->sync_dma + i * 4;
716 		u->urb->transfer_buffer_length = 4;
717 		u->urb->pipe = ep->pipe;
718 		u->urb->transfer_flags = URB_ISO_ASAP |
719 					 URB_NO_TRANSFER_DMA_MAP;
720 		u->urb->number_of_packets = 1;
721 		u->urb->interval = 1 << ep->syncinterval;
722 		u->urb->context = u;
723 		u->urb->complete = snd_complete_urb;
724 	}
725 
726 	ep->nurbs = SYNC_URBS;
727 
728 	return 0;
729 
730 out_of_memory:
731 	release_urbs(ep, 0);
732 	return -ENOMEM;
733 }
734 
735 /**
736  * snd_usb_endpoint_set_params: configure an snd_usb_endpoint
737  *
738  * @ep: the snd_usb_endpoint to configure
739  * @hw_params: the hardware parameters
740  * @fmt: the USB audio format information
741  * @sync_ep: the sync endpoint to use, if any
742  *
743  * Determine the number of URBs to be used on this endpoint.
744  * An endpoint must be configured before it can be started.
745  * An endpoint that is already running can not be reconfigured.
746  */
747 int snd_usb_endpoint_set_params(struct snd_usb_endpoint *ep,
748 				struct snd_pcm_hw_params *hw_params,
749 				struct audioformat *fmt,
750 				struct snd_usb_endpoint *sync_ep)
751 {
752 	int err;
753 
754 	if (ep->use_count != 0) {
755 		snd_printk(KERN_WARNING "Unable to change format on ep #%x: already in use\n",
756 			   ep->ep_num);
757 		return -EBUSY;
758 	}
759 
760 	/* release old buffers, if any */
761 	release_urbs(ep, 0);
762 
763 	ep->datainterval = fmt->datainterval;
764 	ep->maxpacksize = fmt->maxpacksize;
765 	ep->fill_max = !!(fmt->attributes & UAC_EP_CS_ATTR_FILL_MAX);
766 
767 	if (snd_usb_get_speed(ep->chip->dev) == USB_SPEED_FULL)
768 		ep->freqn = get_usb_full_speed_rate(params_rate(hw_params));
769 	else
770 		ep->freqn = get_usb_high_speed_rate(params_rate(hw_params));
771 
772 	/* calculate the frequency in 16.16 format */
773 	ep->freqm = ep->freqn;
774 	ep->freqshift = INT_MIN;
775 
776 	ep->phase = 0;
777 
778 	switch (ep->type) {
779 	case  SND_USB_ENDPOINT_TYPE_DATA:
780 		err = data_ep_set_params(ep, hw_params, fmt, sync_ep);
781 		break;
782 	case  SND_USB_ENDPOINT_TYPE_SYNC:
783 		err = sync_ep_set_params(ep, hw_params, fmt);
784 		break;
785 	default:
786 		err = -EINVAL;
787 	}
788 
789 	snd_printdd(KERN_DEBUG "Setting params for ep #%x (type %d, %d urbs), ret=%d\n",
790 		   ep->ep_num, ep->type, ep->nurbs, err);
791 
792 	return err;
793 }
794 
795 /**
796  * snd_usb_endpoint_start: start an snd_usb_endpoint
797  *
798  * @ep:		the endpoint to start
799  * @can_sleep:	flag indicating whether the operation is executed in
800  * 		non-atomic context
801  *
802  * A call to this function will increment the use count of the endpoint.
803  * In case it is not already running, the URBs for this endpoint will be
804  * submitted. Otherwise, this function does nothing.
805  *
806  * Must be balanced to calls of snd_usb_endpoint_stop().
807  *
808  * Returns an error if the URB submission failed, 0 in all other cases.
809  */
810 int snd_usb_endpoint_start(struct snd_usb_endpoint *ep, int can_sleep)
811 {
812 	int err;
813 	unsigned int i;
814 
815 	if (ep->chip->shutdown)
816 		return -EBADFD;
817 
818 	/* already running? */
819 	if (++ep->use_count != 1)
820 		return 0;
821 
822 	/* just to be sure */
823 	deactivate_urbs(ep, 0, can_sleep);
824 	if (can_sleep)
825 		wait_clear_urbs(ep);
826 
827 	ep->active_mask = 0;
828 	ep->unlink_mask = 0;
829 	ep->phase = 0;
830 
831 	/*
832 	 * If this endpoint has a data endpoint as implicit feedback source,
833 	 * don't start the urbs here. Instead, mark them all as available,
834 	 * wait for the record urbs to return and queue the playback urbs
835 	 * from that context.
836 	 */
837 
838 	set_bit(EP_FLAG_RUNNING, &ep->flags);
839 
840 	if (snd_usb_endpoint_implict_feedback_sink(ep)) {
841 		for (i = 0; i < ep->nurbs; i++) {
842 			struct snd_urb_ctx *ctx = ep->urb + i;
843 			list_add_tail(&ctx->ready_list, &ep->ready_playback_urbs);
844 		}
845 
846 		return 0;
847 	}
848 
849 	for (i = 0; i < ep->nurbs; i++) {
850 		struct urb *urb = ep->urb[i].urb;
851 
852 		if (snd_BUG_ON(!urb))
853 			goto __error;
854 
855 		if (usb_pipeout(ep->pipe)) {
856 			prepare_outbound_urb(ep, urb->context);
857 		} else {
858 			prepare_inbound_urb(ep, urb->context);
859 		}
860 
861 		err = usb_submit_urb(urb, GFP_ATOMIC);
862 		if (err < 0) {
863 			snd_printk(KERN_ERR "cannot submit urb %d, error %d: %s\n",
864 				   i, err, usb_error_string(err));
865 			goto __error;
866 		}
867 		set_bit(i, &ep->active_mask);
868 	}
869 
870 	return 0;
871 
872 __error:
873 	clear_bit(EP_FLAG_RUNNING, &ep->flags);
874 	ep->use_count--;
875 	deactivate_urbs(ep, 0, 0);
876 	return -EPIPE;
877 }
878 
879 /**
880  * snd_usb_endpoint_stop: stop an snd_usb_endpoint
881  *
882  * @ep: the endpoint to stop (may be NULL)
883  *
884  * A call to this function will decrement the use count of the endpoint.
885  * In case the last user has requested the endpoint stop, the URBs will
886  * actually be deactivated.
887  *
888  * Must be balanced to calls of snd_usb_endpoint_start().
889  */
890 void snd_usb_endpoint_stop(struct snd_usb_endpoint *ep,
891 			   int force, int can_sleep, int wait)
892 {
893 	if (!ep)
894 		return;
895 
896 	if (snd_BUG_ON(ep->use_count == 0))
897 		return;
898 
899 	if (--ep->use_count == 0) {
900 		deactivate_urbs(ep, force, can_sleep);
901 		ep->data_subs = NULL;
902 		ep->sync_slave = NULL;
903 		ep->retire_data_urb = NULL;
904 		ep->prepare_data_urb = NULL;
905 
906 		if (wait)
907 			wait_clear_urbs(ep);
908 	}
909 }
910 
911 /**
912  * snd_usb_endpoint_deactivate: deactivate an snd_usb_endpoint
913  *
914  * @ep: the endpoint to deactivate
915  *
916  * If the endpoint is not currently in use, this functions will select the
917  * alternate interface setting 0 for the interface of this endpoint.
918  *
919  * In case of any active users, this functions does nothing.
920  *
921  * Returns an error if usb_set_interface() failed, 0 in all other
922  * cases.
923  */
924 int snd_usb_endpoint_deactivate(struct snd_usb_endpoint *ep)
925 {
926 	if (!ep)
927 		return -EINVAL;
928 
929 	deactivate_urbs(ep, 1, 1);
930 	wait_clear_urbs(ep);
931 
932 	if (ep->use_count != 0)
933 		return 0;
934 
935 	clear_bit(EP_FLAG_ACTIVATED, &ep->flags);
936 
937 	return 0;
938 }
939 
940 /**
941  * snd_usb_endpoint_free: Free the resources of an snd_usb_endpoint
942  *
943  * @ep: the list header of the endpoint to free
944  *
945  * This function does not care for the endpoint's use count but will tear
946  * down all the streaming URBs immediately and free all resources.
947  */
948 void snd_usb_endpoint_free(struct list_head *head)
949 {
950 	struct snd_usb_endpoint *ep;
951 
952 	ep = list_entry(head, struct snd_usb_endpoint, list);
953 	release_urbs(ep, 1);
954 	kfree(ep);
955 }
956 
957 /**
958  * snd_usb_handle_sync_urb: parse an USB sync packet
959  *
960  * @ep: the endpoint to handle the packet
961  * @sender: the sending endpoint
962  * @urb: the received packet
963  *
964  * This function is called from the context of an endpoint that received
965  * the packet and is used to let another endpoint object handle the payload.
966  */
967 void snd_usb_handle_sync_urb(struct snd_usb_endpoint *ep,
968 			     struct snd_usb_endpoint *sender,
969 			     const struct urb *urb)
970 {
971 	int shift;
972 	unsigned int f;
973 	unsigned long flags;
974 
975 	snd_BUG_ON(ep == sender);
976 
977 	/*
978 	 * In case the endpoint is operating in implicit feedback mode, prepare
979 	 * a new outbound URB that has the same layout as the received packet
980 	 * and add it to the list of pending urbs. queue_pending_output_urbs()
981 	 * will take care of them later.
982 	 */
983 	if (snd_usb_endpoint_implict_feedback_sink(ep) &&
984 	    ep->use_count != 0) {
985 
986 		/* implicit feedback case */
987 		int i, bytes = 0;
988 		struct snd_urb_ctx *in_ctx;
989 		struct snd_usb_packet_info *out_packet;
990 
991 		in_ctx = urb->context;
992 
993 		/* Count overall packet size */
994 		for (i = 0; i < in_ctx->packets; i++)
995 			if (urb->iso_frame_desc[i].status == 0)
996 				bytes += urb->iso_frame_desc[i].actual_length;
997 
998 		/*
999 		 * skip empty packets. At least M-Audio's Fast Track Ultra stops
1000 		 * streaming once it received a 0-byte OUT URB
1001 		 */
1002 		if (bytes == 0)
1003 			return;
1004 
1005 		spin_lock_irqsave(&ep->lock, flags);
1006 		out_packet = ep->next_packet + ep->next_packet_write_pos;
1007 
1008 		/*
1009 		 * Iterate through the inbound packet and prepare the lengths
1010 		 * for the output packet. The OUT packet we are about to send
1011 		 * will have the same amount of payload bytes than the IN
1012 		 * packet we just received.
1013 		 */
1014 
1015 		out_packet->packets = in_ctx->packets;
1016 		for (i = 0; i < in_ctx->packets; i++) {
1017 			if (urb->iso_frame_desc[i].status == 0)
1018 				out_packet->packet_size[i] =
1019 					urb->iso_frame_desc[i].actual_length / ep->stride;
1020 			else
1021 				out_packet->packet_size[i] = 0;
1022 		}
1023 
1024 		ep->next_packet_write_pos++;
1025 		ep->next_packet_write_pos %= MAX_URBS;
1026 		spin_unlock_irqrestore(&ep->lock, flags);
1027 		queue_pending_output_urbs(ep);
1028 
1029 		return;
1030 	}
1031 
1032 	/*
1033 	 * process after playback sync complete
1034 	 *
1035 	 * Full speed devices report feedback values in 10.14 format as samples
1036 	 * per frame, high speed devices in 16.16 format as samples per
1037 	 * microframe.
1038 	 *
1039 	 * Because the Audio Class 1 spec was written before USB 2.0, many high
1040 	 * speed devices use a wrong interpretation, some others use an
1041 	 * entirely different format.
1042 	 *
1043 	 * Therefore, we cannot predict what format any particular device uses
1044 	 * and must detect it automatically.
1045 	 */
1046 
1047 	if (urb->iso_frame_desc[0].status != 0 ||
1048 	    urb->iso_frame_desc[0].actual_length < 3)
1049 		return;
1050 
1051 	f = le32_to_cpup(urb->transfer_buffer);
1052 	if (urb->iso_frame_desc[0].actual_length == 3)
1053 		f &= 0x00ffffff;
1054 	else
1055 		f &= 0x0fffffff;
1056 
1057 	if (f == 0)
1058 		return;
1059 
1060 	if (unlikely(ep->freqshift == INT_MIN)) {
1061 		/*
1062 		 * The first time we see a feedback value, determine its format
1063 		 * by shifting it left or right until it matches the nominal
1064 		 * frequency value.  This assumes that the feedback does not
1065 		 * differ from the nominal value more than +50% or -25%.
1066 		 */
1067 		shift = 0;
1068 		while (f < ep->freqn - ep->freqn / 4) {
1069 			f <<= 1;
1070 			shift++;
1071 		}
1072 		while (f > ep->freqn + ep->freqn / 2) {
1073 			f >>= 1;
1074 			shift--;
1075 		}
1076 		ep->freqshift = shift;
1077 	} else if (ep->freqshift >= 0)
1078 		f <<= ep->freqshift;
1079 	else
1080 		f >>= -ep->freqshift;
1081 
1082 	if (likely(f >= ep->freqn - ep->freqn / 8 && f <= ep->freqmax)) {
1083 		/*
1084 		 * If the frequency looks valid, set it.
1085 		 * This value is referred to in prepare_playback_urb().
1086 		 */
1087 		spin_lock_irqsave(&ep->lock, flags);
1088 		ep->freqm = f;
1089 		spin_unlock_irqrestore(&ep->lock, flags);
1090 	} else {
1091 		/*
1092 		 * Out of range; maybe the shift value is wrong.
1093 		 * Reset it so that we autodetect again the next time.
1094 		 */
1095 		ep->freqshift = INT_MIN;
1096 	}
1097 }
1098 
1099