xref: /linux/sound/usb/endpoint.c (revision 2fe05e1139a555ae91f00a812cb9520e7d3022ab)
1 /*
2  *   This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
3  *   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
4  *   the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
5  *   (at your option) any later version.
6  *
7  *   This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
8  *   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
9  *   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
10  *   GNU General Public License for more details.
11  *
12  *   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
13  *   along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
14  *   Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307 USA
15  *
16  */
17 
18 #include <linux/gfp.h>
19 #include <linux/init.h>
20 #include <linux/ratelimit.h>
21 #include <linux/usb.h>
22 #include <linux/usb/audio.h>
23 #include <linux/slab.h>
24 
25 #include <sound/core.h>
26 #include <sound/pcm.h>
27 #include <sound/pcm_params.h>
28 
29 #include "usbaudio.h"
30 #include "helper.h"
31 #include "card.h"
32 #include "endpoint.h"
33 #include "pcm.h"
34 #include "quirks.h"
35 
36 #define EP_FLAG_RUNNING		1
37 #define EP_FLAG_STOPPING	2
38 
39 /*
40  * snd_usb_endpoint is a model that abstracts everything related to an
41  * USB endpoint and its streaming.
42  *
43  * There are functions to activate and deactivate the streaming URBs and
44  * optional callbacks to let the pcm logic handle the actual content of the
45  * packets for playback and record. Thus, the bus streaming and the audio
46  * handlers are fully decoupled.
47  *
48  * There are two different types of endpoints in audio applications.
49  *
50  * SND_USB_ENDPOINT_TYPE_DATA handles full audio data payload for both
51  * inbound and outbound traffic.
52  *
53  * SND_USB_ENDPOINT_TYPE_SYNC endpoints are for inbound traffic only and
54  * expect the payload to carry Q10.14 / Q16.16 formatted sync information
55  * (3 or 4 bytes).
56  *
57  * Each endpoint has to be configured prior to being used by calling
58  * snd_usb_endpoint_set_params().
59  *
60  * The model incorporates a reference counting, so that multiple users
61  * can call snd_usb_endpoint_start() and snd_usb_endpoint_stop(), and
62  * only the first user will effectively start the URBs, and only the last
63  * one to stop it will tear the URBs down again.
64  */
65 
66 /*
67  * convert a sampling rate into our full speed format (fs/1000 in Q16.16)
68  * this will overflow at approx 524 kHz
69  */
70 static inline unsigned get_usb_full_speed_rate(unsigned int rate)
71 {
72 	return ((rate << 13) + 62) / 125;
73 }
74 
75 /*
76  * convert a sampling rate into USB high speed format (fs/8000 in Q16.16)
77  * this will overflow at approx 4 MHz
78  */
79 static inline unsigned get_usb_high_speed_rate(unsigned int rate)
80 {
81 	return ((rate << 10) + 62) / 125;
82 }
83 
84 /*
85  * release a urb data
86  */
87 static void release_urb_ctx(struct snd_urb_ctx *u)
88 {
89 	if (u->buffer_size)
90 		usb_free_coherent(u->ep->chip->dev, u->buffer_size,
91 				  u->urb->transfer_buffer,
92 				  u->urb->transfer_dma);
93 	usb_free_urb(u->urb);
94 	u->urb = NULL;
95 }
96 
97 static const char *usb_error_string(int err)
98 {
99 	switch (err) {
100 	case -ENODEV:
101 		return "no device";
102 	case -ENOENT:
103 		return "endpoint not enabled";
104 	case -EPIPE:
105 		return "endpoint stalled";
106 	case -ENOSPC:
107 		return "not enough bandwidth";
108 	case -ESHUTDOWN:
109 		return "device disabled";
110 	case -EHOSTUNREACH:
111 		return "device suspended";
112 	case -EINVAL:
113 	case -EAGAIN:
114 	case -EFBIG:
115 	case -EMSGSIZE:
116 		return "internal error";
117 	default:
118 		return "unknown error";
119 	}
120 }
121 
122 /**
123  * snd_usb_endpoint_implicit_feedback_sink: Report endpoint usage type
124  *
125  * @ep: The snd_usb_endpoint
126  *
127  * Determine whether an endpoint is driven by an implicit feedback
128  * data endpoint source.
129  */
130 int snd_usb_endpoint_implicit_feedback_sink(struct snd_usb_endpoint *ep)
131 {
132 	return  ep->sync_master &&
133 		ep->sync_master->type == SND_USB_ENDPOINT_TYPE_DATA &&
134 		ep->type == SND_USB_ENDPOINT_TYPE_DATA &&
135 		usb_pipeout(ep->pipe);
136 }
137 
138 /*
139  * For streaming based on information derived from sync endpoints,
140  * prepare_outbound_urb_sizes() will call next_packet_size() to
141  * determine the number of samples to be sent in the next packet.
142  *
143  * For implicit feedback, next_packet_size() is unused.
144  */
145 int snd_usb_endpoint_next_packet_size(struct snd_usb_endpoint *ep)
146 {
147 	unsigned long flags;
148 	int ret;
149 
150 	if (ep->fill_max)
151 		return ep->maxframesize;
152 
153 	spin_lock_irqsave(&ep->lock, flags);
154 	ep->phase = (ep->phase & 0xffff)
155 		+ (ep->freqm << ep->datainterval);
156 	ret = min(ep->phase >> 16, ep->maxframesize);
157 	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&ep->lock, flags);
158 
159 	return ret;
160 }
161 
162 static void retire_outbound_urb(struct snd_usb_endpoint *ep,
163 				struct snd_urb_ctx *urb_ctx)
164 {
165 	if (ep->retire_data_urb)
166 		ep->retire_data_urb(ep->data_subs, urb_ctx->urb);
167 }
168 
169 static void retire_inbound_urb(struct snd_usb_endpoint *ep,
170 			       struct snd_urb_ctx *urb_ctx)
171 {
172 	struct urb *urb = urb_ctx->urb;
173 
174 	if (unlikely(ep->skip_packets > 0)) {
175 		ep->skip_packets--;
176 		return;
177 	}
178 
179 	if (ep->sync_slave)
180 		snd_usb_handle_sync_urb(ep->sync_slave, ep, urb);
181 
182 	if (ep->retire_data_urb)
183 		ep->retire_data_urb(ep->data_subs, urb);
184 }
185 
186 static void prepare_silent_urb(struct snd_usb_endpoint *ep,
187 			       struct snd_urb_ctx *ctx)
188 {
189 	struct urb *urb = ctx->urb;
190 	unsigned int offs = 0;
191 	unsigned int extra = 0;
192 	__le32 packet_length;
193 	int i;
194 
195 	/* For tx_length_quirk, put packet length at start of packet */
196 	if (ep->chip->tx_length_quirk)
197 		extra = sizeof(packet_length);
198 
199 	for (i = 0; i < ctx->packets; ++i) {
200 		unsigned int offset;
201 		unsigned int length;
202 		int counts;
203 
204 		if (ctx->packet_size[i])
205 			counts = ctx->packet_size[i];
206 		else
207 			counts = snd_usb_endpoint_next_packet_size(ep);
208 
209 		length = counts * ep->stride; /* number of silent bytes */
210 		offset = offs * ep->stride + extra * i;
211 		urb->iso_frame_desc[i].offset = offset;
212 		urb->iso_frame_desc[i].length = length + extra;
213 		if (extra) {
214 			packet_length = cpu_to_le32(length);
215 			memcpy(urb->transfer_buffer + offset,
216 			       &packet_length, sizeof(packet_length));
217 		}
218 		memset(urb->transfer_buffer + offset + extra,
219 		       ep->silence_value, length);
220 		offs += counts;
221 	}
222 
223 	urb->number_of_packets = ctx->packets;
224 	urb->transfer_buffer_length = offs * ep->stride + ctx->packets * extra;
225 }
226 
227 /*
228  * Prepare a PLAYBACK urb for submission to the bus.
229  */
230 static void prepare_outbound_urb(struct snd_usb_endpoint *ep,
231 				 struct snd_urb_ctx *ctx)
232 {
233 	struct urb *urb = ctx->urb;
234 	unsigned char *cp = urb->transfer_buffer;
235 
236 	urb->dev = ep->chip->dev; /* we need to set this at each time */
237 
238 	switch (ep->type) {
239 	case SND_USB_ENDPOINT_TYPE_DATA:
240 		if (ep->prepare_data_urb) {
241 			ep->prepare_data_urb(ep->data_subs, urb);
242 		} else {
243 			/* no data provider, so send silence */
244 			prepare_silent_urb(ep, ctx);
245 		}
246 		break;
247 
248 	case SND_USB_ENDPOINT_TYPE_SYNC:
249 		if (snd_usb_get_speed(ep->chip->dev) >= USB_SPEED_HIGH) {
250 			/*
251 			 * fill the length and offset of each urb descriptor.
252 			 * the fixed 12.13 frequency is passed as 16.16 through the pipe.
253 			 */
254 			urb->iso_frame_desc[0].length = 4;
255 			urb->iso_frame_desc[0].offset = 0;
256 			cp[0] = ep->freqn;
257 			cp[1] = ep->freqn >> 8;
258 			cp[2] = ep->freqn >> 16;
259 			cp[3] = ep->freqn >> 24;
260 		} else {
261 			/*
262 			 * fill the length and offset of each urb descriptor.
263 			 * the fixed 10.14 frequency is passed through the pipe.
264 			 */
265 			urb->iso_frame_desc[0].length = 3;
266 			urb->iso_frame_desc[0].offset = 0;
267 			cp[0] = ep->freqn >> 2;
268 			cp[1] = ep->freqn >> 10;
269 			cp[2] = ep->freqn >> 18;
270 		}
271 
272 		break;
273 	}
274 }
275 
276 /*
277  * Prepare a CAPTURE or SYNC urb for submission to the bus.
278  */
279 static inline void prepare_inbound_urb(struct snd_usb_endpoint *ep,
280 				       struct snd_urb_ctx *urb_ctx)
281 {
282 	int i, offs;
283 	struct urb *urb = urb_ctx->urb;
284 
285 	urb->dev = ep->chip->dev; /* we need to set this at each time */
286 
287 	switch (ep->type) {
288 	case SND_USB_ENDPOINT_TYPE_DATA:
289 		offs = 0;
290 		for (i = 0; i < urb_ctx->packets; i++) {
291 			urb->iso_frame_desc[i].offset = offs;
292 			urb->iso_frame_desc[i].length = ep->curpacksize;
293 			offs += ep->curpacksize;
294 		}
295 
296 		urb->transfer_buffer_length = offs;
297 		urb->number_of_packets = urb_ctx->packets;
298 		break;
299 
300 	case SND_USB_ENDPOINT_TYPE_SYNC:
301 		urb->iso_frame_desc[0].length = min(4u, ep->syncmaxsize);
302 		urb->iso_frame_desc[0].offset = 0;
303 		break;
304 	}
305 }
306 
307 /*
308  * Send output urbs that have been prepared previously. URBs are dequeued
309  * from ep->ready_playback_urbs and in case there there aren't any available
310  * or there are no packets that have been prepared, this function does
311  * nothing.
312  *
313  * The reason why the functionality of sending and preparing URBs is separated
314  * is that host controllers don't guarantee the order in which they return
315  * inbound and outbound packets to their submitters.
316  *
317  * This function is only used for implicit feedback endpoints. For endpoints
318  * driven by dedicated sync endpoints, URBs are immediately re-submitted
319  * from their completion handler.
320  */
321 static void queue_pending_output_urbs(struct snd_usb_endpoint *ep)
322 {
323 	while (test_bit(EP_FLAG_RUNNING, &ep->flags)) {
324 
325 		unsigned long flags;
326 		struct snd_usb_packet_info *uninitialized_var(packet);
327 		struct snd_urb_ctx *ctx = NULL;
328 		struct urb *urb;
329 		int err, i;
330 
331 		spin_lock_irqsave(&ep->lock, flags);
332 		if (ep->next_packet_read_pos != ep->next_packet_write_pos) {
333 			packet = ep->next_packet + ep->next_packet_read_pos;
334 			ep->next_packet_read_pos++;
335 			ep->next_packet_read_pos %= MAX_URBS;
336 
337 			/* take URB out of FIFO */
338 			if (!list_empty(&ep->ready_playback_urbs))
339 				ctx = list_first_entry(&ep->ready_playback_urbs,
340 					       struct snd_urb_ctx, ready_list);
341 		}
342 		spin_unlock_irqrestore(&ep->lock, flags);
343 
344 		if (ctx == NULL)
345 			return;
346 
347 		list_del_init(&ctx->ready_list);
348 		urb = ctx->urb;
349 
350 		/* copy over the length information */
351 		for (i = 0; i < packet->packets; i++)
352 			ctx->packet_size[i] = packet->packet_size[i];
353 
354 		/* call the data handler to fill in playback data */
355 		prepare_outbound_urb(ep, ctx);
356 
357 		err = usb_submit_urb(ctx->urb, GFP_ATOMIC);
358 		if (err < 0)
359 			usb_audio_err(ep->chip,
360 				"Unable to submit urb #%d: %d (urb %p)\n",
361 				ctx->index, err, ctx->urb);
362 		else
363 			set_bit(ctx->index, &ep->active_mask);
364 	}
365 }
366 
367 /*
368  * complete callback for urbs
369  */
370 static void snd_complete_urb(struct urb *urb)
371 {
372 	struct snd_urb_ctx *ctx = urb->context;
373 	struct snd_usb_endpoint *ep = ctx->ep;
374 	struct snd_pcm_substream *substream;
375 	unsigned long flags;
376 	int err;
377 
378 	if (unlikely(urb->status == -ENOENT ||		/* unlinked */
379 		     urb->status == -ENODEV ||		/* device removed */
380 		     urb->status == -ECONNRESET ||	/* unlinked */
381 		     urb->status == -ESHUTDOWN))	/* device disabled */
382 		goto exit_clear;
383 	/* device disconnected */
384 	if (unlikely(atomic_read(&ep->chip->shutdown)))
385 		goto exit_clear;
386 
387 	if (unlikely(!test_bit(EP_FLAG_RUNNING, &ep->flags)))
388 		goto exit_clear;
389 
390 	if (usb_pipeout(ep->pipe)) {
391 		retire_outbound_urb(ep, ctx);
392 		/* can be stopped during retire callback */
393 		if (unlikely(!test_bit(EP_FLAG_RUNNING, &ep->flags)))
394 			goto exit_clear;
395 
396 		if (snd_usb_endpoint_implicit_feedback_sink(ep)) {
397 			spin_lock_irqsave(&ep->lock, flags);
398 			list_add_tail(&ctx->ready_list, &ep->ready_playback_urbs);
399 			spin_unlock_irqrestore(&ep->lock, flags);
400 			queue_pending_output_urbs(ep);
401 
402 			goto exit_clear;
403 		}
404 
405 		prepare_outbound_urb(ep, ctx);
406 	} else {
407 		retire_inbound_urb(ep, ctx);
408 		/* can be stopped during retire callback */
409 		if (unlikely(!test_bit(EP_FLAG_RUNNING, &ep->flags)))
410 			goto exit_clear;
411 
412 		prepare_inbound_urb(ep, ctx);
413 	}
414 
415 	err = usb_submit_urb(urb, GFP_ATOMIC);
416 	if (err == 0)
417 		return;
418 
419 	usb_audio_err(ep->chip, "cannot submit urb (err = %d)\n", err);
420 	if (ep->data_subs && ep->data_subs->pcm_substream) {
421 		substream = ep->data_subs->pcm_substream;
422 		snd_pcm_stop_xrun(substream);
423 	}
424 
425 exit_clear:
426 	clear_bit(ctx->index, &ep->active_mask);
427 }
428 
429 /**
430  * snd_usb_add_endpoint: Add an endpoint to an USB audio chip
431  *
432  * @chip: The chip
433  * @alts: The USB host interface
434  * @ep_num: The number of the endpoint to use
435  * @direction: SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK or SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_CAPTURE
436  * @type: SND_USB_ENDPOINT_TYPE_DATA or SND_USB_ENDPOINT_TYPE_SYNC
437  *
438  * If the requested endpoint has not been added to the given chip before,
439  * a new instance is created. Otherwise, a pointer to the previoulsy
440  * created instance is returned. In case of any error, NULL is returned.
441  *
442  * New endpoints will be added to chip->ep_list and must be freed by
443  * calling snd_usb_endpoint_free().
444  *
445  * For SND_USB_ENDPOINT_TYPE_SYNC, the caller needs to guarantee that
446  * bNumEndpoints > 1 beforehand.
447  */
448 struct snd_usb_endpoint *snd_usb_add_endpoint(struct snd_usb_audio *chip,
449 					      struct usb_host_interface *alts,
450 					      int ep_num, int direction, int type)
451 {
452 	struct snd_usb_endpoint *ep;
453 	int is_playback = direction == SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK;
454 
455 	if (WARN_ON(!alts))
456 		return NULL;
457 
458 	mutex_lock(&chip->mutex);
459 
460 	list_for_each_entry(ep, &chip->ep_list, list) {
461 		if (ep->ep_num == ep_num &&
462 		    ep->iface == alts->desc.bInterfaceNumber &&
463 		    ep->altsetting == alts->desc.bAlternateSetting) {
464 			usb_audio_dbg(ep->chip,
465 				      "Re-using EP %x in iface %d,%d @%p\n",
466 					ep_num, ep->iface, ep->altsetting, ep);
467 			goto __exit_unlock;
468 		}
469 	}
470 
471 	usb_audio_dbg(chip, "Creating new %s %s endpoint #%x\n",
472 		    is_playback ? "playback" : "capture",
473 		    type == SND_USB_ENDPOINT_TYPE_DATA ? "data" : "sync",
474 		    ep_num);
475 
476 	ep = kzalloc(sizeof(*ep), GFP_KERNEL);
477 	if (!ep)
478 		goto __exit_unlock;
479 
480 	ep->chip = chip;
481 	spin_lock_init(&ep->lock);
482 	ep->type = type;
483 	ep->ep_num = ep_num;
484 	ep->iface = alts->desc.bInterfaceNumber;
485 	ep->altsetting = alts->desc.bAlternateSetting;
486 	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&ep->ready_playback_urbs);
487 	ep_num &= USB_ENDPOINT_NUMBER_MASK;
488 
489 	if (is_playback)
490 		ep->pipe = usb_sndisocpipe(chip->dev, ep_num);
491 	else
492 		ep->pipe = usb_rcvisocpipe(chip->dev, ep_num);
493 
494 	if (type == SND_USB_ENDPOINT_TYPE_SYNC) {
495 		if (get_endpoint(alts, 1)->bLength >= USB_DT_ENDPOINT_AUDIO_SIZE &&
496 		    get_endpoint(alts, 1)->bRefresh >= 1 &&
497 		    get_endpoint(alts, 1)->bRefresh <= 9)
498 			ep->syncinterval = get_endpoint(alts, 1)->bRefresh;
499 		else if (snd_usb_get_speed(chip->dev) == USB_SPEED_FULL)
500 			ep->syncinterval = 1;
501 		else if (get_endpoint(alts, 1)->bInterval >= 1 &&
502 			 get_endpoint(alts, 1)->bInterval <= 16)
503 			ep->syncinterval = get_endpoint(alts, 1)->bInterval - 1;
504 		else
505 			ep->syncinterval = 3;
506 
507 		ep->syncmaxsize = le16_to_cpu(get_endpoint(alts, 1)->wMaxPacketSize);
508 	}
509 
510 	list_add_tail(&ep->list, &chip->ep_list);
511 
512 __exit_unlock:
513 	mutex_unlock(&chip->mutex);
514 
515 	return ep;
516 }
517 
518 /*
519  *  wait until all urbs are processed.
520  */
521 static int wait_clear_urbs(struct snd_usb_endpoint *ep)
522 {
523 	unsigned long end_time = jiffies + msecs_to_jiffies(1000);
524 	int alive;
525 
526 	do {
527 		alive = bitmap_weight(&ep->active_mask, ep->nurbs);
528 		if (!alive)
529 			break;
530 
531 		schedule_timeout_uninterruptible(1);
532 	} while (time_before(jiffies, end_time));
533 
534 	if (alive)
535 		usb_audio_err(ep->chip,
536 			"timeout: still %d active urbs on EP #%x\n",
537 			alive, ep->ep_num);
538 	clear_bit(EP_FLAG_STOPPING, &ep->flags);
539 
540 	ep->data_subs = NULL;
541 	ep->sync_slave = NULL;
542 	ep->retire_data_urb = NULL;
543 	ep->prepare_data_urb = NULL;
544 
545 	return 0;
546 }
547 
548 /* sync the pending stop operation;
549  * this function itself doesn't trigger the stop operation
550  */
551 void snd_usb_endpoint_sync_pending_stop(struct snd_usb_endpoint *ep)
552 {
553 	if (ep && test_bit(EP_FLAG_STOPPING, &ep->flags))
554 		wait_clear_urbs(ep);
555 }
556 
557 /*
558  * unlink active urbs.
559  */
560 static int deactivate_urbs(struct snd_usb_endpoint *ep, bool force)
561 {
562 	unsigned int i;
563 
564 	if (!force && atomic_read(&ep->chip->shutdown)) /* to be sure... */
565 		return -EBADFD;
566 
567 	clear_bit(EP_FLAG_RUNNING, &ep->flags);
568 
569 	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&ep->ready_playback_urbs);
570 	ep->next_packet_read_pos = 0;
571 	ep->next_packet_write_pos = 0;
572 
573 	for (i = 0; i < ep->nurbs; i++) {
574 		if (test_bit(i, &ep->active_mask)) {
575 			if (!test_and_set_bit(i, &ep->unlink_mask)) {
576 				struct urb *u = ep->urb[i].urb;
577 				usb_unlink_urb(u);
578 			}
579 		}
580 	}
581 
582 	return 0;
583 }
584 
585 /*
586  * release an endpoint's urbs
587  */
588 static void release_urbs(struct snd_usb_endpoint *ep, int force)
589 {
590 	int i;
591 
592 	/* route incoming urbs to nirvana */
593 	ep->retire_data_urb = NULL;
594 	ep->prepare_data_urb = NULL;
595 
596 	/* stop urbs */
597 	deactivate_urbs(ep, force);
598 	wait_clear_urbs(ep);
599 
600 	for (i = 0; i < ep->nurbs; i++)
601 		release_urb_ctx(&ep->urb[i]);
602 
603 	if (ep->syncbuf)
604 		usb_free_coherent(ep->chip->dev, SYNC_URBS * 4,
605 				  ep->syncbuf, ep->sync_dma);
606 
607 	ep->syncbuf = NULL;
608 	ep->nurbs = 0;
609 }
610 
611 /*
612  * configure a data endpoint
613  */
614 static int data_ep_set_params(struct snd_usb_endpoint *ep,
615 			      snd_pcm_format_t pcm_format,
616 			      unsigned int channels,
617 			      unsigned int period_bytes,
618 			      unsigned int frames_per_period,
619 			      unsigned int periods_per_buffer,
620 			      struct audioformat *fmt,
621 			      struct snd_usb_endpoint *sync_ep)
622 {
623 	unsigned int maxsize, minsize, packs_per_ms, max_packs_per_urb;
624 	unsigned int max_packs_per_period, urbs_per_period, urb_packs;
625 	unsigned int max_urbs, i;
626 	int frame_bits = snd_pcm_format_physical_width(pcm_format) * channels;
627 	int tx_length_quirk = (ep->chip->tx_length_quirk &&
628 			       usb_pipeout(ep->pipe));
629 
630 	if (pcm_format == SNDRV_PCM_FORMAT_DSD_U16_LE && fmt->dsd_dop) {
631 		/*
632 		 * When operating in DSD DOP mode, the size of a sample frame
633 		 * in hardware differs from the actual physical format width
634 		 * because we need to make room for the DOP markers.
635 		 */
636 		frame_bits += channels << 3;
637 	}
638 
639 	ep->datainterval = fmt->datainterval;
640 	ep->stride = frame_bits >> 3;
641 
642 	switch (pcm_format) {
643 	case SNDRV_PCM_FORMAT_U8:
644 		ep->silence_value = 0x80;
645 		break;
646 	case SNDRV_PCM_FORMAT_DSD_U8:
647 	case SNDRV_PCM_FORMAT_DSD_U16_LE:
648 	case SNDRV_PCM_FORMAT_DSD_U32_LE:
649 	case SNDRV_PCM_FORMAT_DSD_U16_BE:
650 	case SNDRV_PCM_FORMAT_DSD_U32_BE:
651 		ep->silence_value = 0x69;
652 		break;
653 	default:
654 		ep->silence_value = 0;
655 	}
656 
657 	/* assume max. frequency is 50% higher than nominal */
658 	ep->freqmax = ep->freqn + (ep->freqn >> 1);
659 	/* Round up freqmax to nearest integer in order to calculate maximum
660 	 * packet size, which must represent a whole number of frames.
661 	 * This is accomplished by adding 0x0.ffff before converting the
662 	 * Q16.16 format into integer.
663 	 * In order to accurately calculate the maximum packet size when
664 	 * the data interval is more than 1 (i.e. ep->datainterval > 0),
665 	 * multiply by the data interval prior to rounding. For instance,
666 	 * a freqmax of 41 kHz will result in a max packet size of 6 (5.125)
667 	 * frames with a data interval of 1, but 11 (10.25) frames with a
668 	 * data interval of 2.
669 	 * (ep->freqmax << ep->datainterval overflows at 8.192 MHz for the
670 	 * maximum datainterval value of 3, at USB full speed, higher for
671 	 * USB high speed, noting that ep->freqmax is in units of
672 	 * frames per packet in Q16.16 format.)
673 	 */
674 	maxsize = (((ep->freqmax << ep->datainterval) + 0xffff) >> 16) *
675 			 (frame_bits >> 3);
676 	if (tx_length_quirk)
677 		maxsize += sizeof(__le32); /* Space for length descriptor */
678 	/* but wMaxPacketSize might reduce this */
679 	if (ep->maxpacksize && ep->maxpacksize < maxsize) {
680 		/* whatever fits into a max. size packet */
681 		unsigned int data_maxsize = maxsize = ep->maxpacksize;
682 
683 		if (tx_length_quirk)
684 			/* Need to remove the length descriptor to calc freq */
685 			data_maxsize -= sizeof(__le32);
686 		ep->freqmax = (data_maxsize / (frame_bits >> 3))
687 				<< (16 - ep->datainterval);
688 	}
689 
690 	if (ep->fill_max)
691 		ep->curpacksize = ep->maxpacksize;
692 	else
693 		ep->curpacksize = maxsize;
694 
695 	if (snd_usb_get_speed(ep->chip->dev) != USB_SPEED_FULL) {
696 		packs_per_ms = 8 >> ep->datainterval;
697 		max_packs_per_urb = MAX_PACKS_HS;
698 	} else {
699 		packs_per_ms = 1;
700 		max_packs_per_urb = MAX_PACKS;
701 	}
702 	if (sync_ep && !snd_usb_endpoint_implicit_feedback_sink(ep))
703 		max_packs_per_urb = min(max_packs_per_urb,
704 					1U << sync_ep->syncinterval);
705 	max_packs_per_urb = max(1u, max_packs_per_urb >> ep->datainterval);
706 
707 	/*
708 	 * Capture endpoints need to use small URBs because there's no way
709 	 * to tell in advance where the next period will end, and we don't
710 	 * want the next URB to complete much after the period ends.
711 	 *
712 	 * Playback endpoints with implicit sync much use the same parameters
713 	 * as their corresponding capture endpoint.
714 	 */
715 	if (usb_pipein(ep->pipe) ||
716 			snd_usb_endpoint_implicit_feedback_sink(ep)) {
717 
718 		urb_packs = packs_per_ms;
719 		/*
720 		 * Wireless devices can poll at a max rate of once per 4ms.
721 		 * For dataintervals less than 5, increase the packet count to
722 		 * allow the host controller to use bursting to fill in the
723 		 * gaps.
724 		 */
725 		if (snd_usb_get_speed(ep->chip->dev) == USB_SPEED_WIRELESS) {
726 			int interval = ep->datainterval;
727 			while (interval < 5) {
728 				urb_packs <<= 1;
729 				++interval;
730 			}
731 		}
732 		/* make capture URBs <= 1 ms and smaller than a period */
733 		urb_packs = min(max_packs_per_urb, urb_packs);
734 		while (urb_packs > 1 && urb_packs * maxsize >= period_bytes)
735 			urb_packs >>= 1;
736 		ep->nurbs = MAX_URBS;
737 
738 	/*
739 	 * Playback endpoints without implicit sync are adjusted so that
740 	 * a period fits as evenly as possible in the smallest number of
741 	 * URBs.  The total number of URBs is adjusted to the size of the
742 	 * ALSA buffer, subject to the MAX_URBS and MAX_QUEUE limits.
743 	 */
744 	} else {
745 		/* determine how small a packet can be */
746 		minsize = (ep->freqn >> (16 - ep->datainterval)) *
747 				(frame_bits >> 3);
748 		/* with sync from device, assume it can be 12% lower */
749 		if (sync_ep)
750 			minsize -= minsize >> 3;
751 		minsize = max(minsize, 1u);
752 
753 		/* how many packets will contain an entire ALSA period? */
754 		max_packs_per_period = DIV_ROUND_UP(period_bytes, minsize);
755 
756 		/* how many URBs will contain a period? */
757 		urbs_per_period = DIV_ROUND_UP(max_packs_per_period,
758 				max_packs_per_urb);
759 		/* how many packets are needed in each URB? */
760 		urb_packs = DIV_ROUND_UP(max_packs_per_period, urbs_per_period);
761 
762 		/* limit the number of frames in a single URB */
763 		ep->max_urb_frames = DIV_ROUND_UP(frames_per_period,
764 					urbs_per_period);
765 
766 		/* try to use enough URBs to contain an entire ALSA buffer */
767 		max_urbs = min((unsigned) MAX_URBS,
768 				MAX_QUEUE * packs_per_ms / urb_packs);
769 		ep->nurbs = min(max_urbs, urbs_per_period * periods_per_buffer);
770 	}
771 
772 	/* allocate and initialize data urbs */
773 	for (i = 0; i < ep->nurbs; i++) {
774 		struct snd_urb_ctx *u = &ep->urb[i];
775 		u->index = i;
776 		u->ep = ep;
777 		u->packets = urb_packs;
778 		u->buffer_size = maxsize * u->packets;
779 
780 		if (fmt->fmt_type == UAC_FORMAT_TYPE_II)
781 			u->packets++; /* for transfer delimiter */
782 		u->urb = usb_alloc_urb(u->packets, GFP_KERNEL);
783 		if (!u->urb)
784 			goto out_of_memory;
785 
786 		u->urb->transfer_buffer =
787 			usb_alloc_coherent(ep->chip->dev, u->buffer_size,
788 					   GFP_KERNEL, &u->urb->transfer_dma);
789 		if (!u->urb->transfer_buffer)
790 			goto out_of_memory;
791 		u->urb->pipe = ep->pipe;
792 		u->urb->transfer_flags = URB_NO_TRANSFER_DMA_MAP;
793 		u->urb->interval = 1 << ep->datainterval;
794 		u->urb->context = u;
795 		u->urb->complete = snd_complete_urb;
796 		INIT_LIST_HEAD(&u->ready_list);
797 	}
798 
799 	return 0;
800 
801 out_of_memory:
802 	release_urbs(ep, 0);
803 	return -ENOMEM;
804 }
805 
806 /*
807  * configure a sync endpoint
808  */
809 static int sync_ep_set_params(struct snd_usb_endpoint *ep)
810 {
811 	int i;
812 
813 	ep->syncbuf = usb_alloc_coherent(ep->chip->dev, SYNC_URBS * 4,
814 					 GFP_KERNEL, &ep->sync_dma);
815 	if (!ep->syncbuf)
816 		return -ENOMEM;
817 
818 	for (i = 0; i < SYNC_URBS; i++) {
819 		struct snd_urb_ctx *u = &ep->urb[i];
820 		u->index = i;
821 		u->ep = ep;
822 		u->packets = 1;
823 		u->urb = usb_alloc_urb(1, GFP_KERNEL);
824 		if (!u->urb)
825 			goto out_of_memory;
826 		u->urb->transfer_buffer = ep->syncbuf + i * 4;
827 		u->urb->transfer_dma = ep->sync_dma + i * 4;
828 		u->urb->transfer_buffer_length = 4;
829 		u->urb->pipe = ep->pipe;
830 		u->urb->transfer_flags = URB_NO_TRANSFER_DMA_MAP;
831 		u->urb->number_of_packets = 1;
832 		u->urb->interval = 1 << ep->syncinterval;
833 		u->urb->context = u;
834 		u->urb->complete = snd_complete_urb;
835 	}
836 
837 	ep->nurbs = SYNC_URBS;
838 
839 	return 0;
840 
841 out_of_memory:
842 	release_urbs(ep, 0);
843 	return -ENOMEM;
844 }
845 
846 /**
847  * snd_usb_endpoint_set_params: configure an snd_usb_endpoint
848  *
849  * @ep: the snd_usb_endpoint to configure
850  * @pcm_format: the audio fomat.
851  * @channels: the number of audio channels.
852  * @period_bytes: the number of bytes in one alsa period.
853  * @period_frames: the number of frames in one alsa period.
854  * @buffer_periods: the number of periods in one alsa buffer.
855  * @rate: the frame rate.
856  * @fmt: the USB audio format information
857  * @sync_ep: the sync endpoint to use, if any
858  *
859  * Determine the number of URBs to be used on this endpoint.
860  * An endpoint must be configured before it can be started.
861  * An endpoint that is already running can not be reconfigured.
862  */
863 int snd_usb_endpoint_set_params(struct snd_usb_endpoint *ep,
864 				snd_pcm_format_t pcm_format,
865 				unsigned int channels,
866 				unsigned int period_bytes,
867 				unsigned int period_frames,
868 				unsigned int buffer_periods,
869 				unsigned int rate,
870 				struct audioformat *fmt,
871 				struct snd_usb_endpoint *sync_ep)
872 {
873 	int err;
874 
875 	if (ep->use_count != 0) {
876 		usb_audio_warn(ep->chip,
877 			 "Unable to change format on ep #%x: already in use\n",
878 			 ep->ep_num);
879 		return -EBUSY;
880 	}
881 
882 	/* release old buffers, if any */
883 	release_urbs(ep, 0);
884 
885 	ep->datainterval = fmt->datainterval;
886 	ep->maxpacksize = fmt->maxpacksize;
887 	ep->fill_max = !!(fmt->attributes & UAC_EP_CS_ATTR_FILL_MAX);
888 
889 	if (snd_usb_get_speed(ep->chip->dev) == USB_SPEED_FULL)
890 		ep->freqn = get_usb_full_speed_rate(rate);
891 	else
892 		ep->freqn = get_usb_high_speed_rate(rate);
893 
894 	/* calculate the frequency in 16.16 format */
895 	ep->freqm = ep->freqn;
896 	ep->freqshift = INT_MIN;
897 
898 	ep->phase = 0;
899 
900 	switch (ep->type) {
901 	case  SND_USB_ENDPOINT_TYPE_DATA:
902 		err = data_ep_set_params(ep, pcm_format, channels,
903 					 period_bytes, period_frames,
904 					 buffer_periods, fmt, sync_ep);
905 		break;
906 	case  SND_USB_ENDPOINT_TYPE_SYNC:
907 		err = sync_ep_set_params(ep);
908 		break;
909 	default:
910 		err = -EINVAL;
911 	}
912 
913 	usb_audio_dbg(ep->chip,
914 		"Setting params for ep #%x (type %d, %d urbs), ret=%d\n",
915 		ep->ep_num, ep->type, ep->nurbs, err);
916 
917 	return err;
918 }
919 
920 /**
921  * snd_usb_endpoint_start: start an snd_usb_endpoint
922  *
923  * @ep: the endpoint to start
924  *
925  * A call to this function will increment the use count of the endpoint.
926  * In case it is not already running, the URBs for this endpoint will be
927  * submitted. Otherwise, this function does nothing.
928  *
929  * Must be balanced to calls of snd_usb_endpoint_stop().
930  *
931  * Returns an error if the URB submission failed, 0 in all other cases.
932  */
933 int snd_usb_endpoint_start(struct snd_usb_endpoint *ep)
934 {
935 	int err;
936 	unsigned int i;
937 
938 	if (atomic_read(&ep->chip->shutdown))
939 		return -EBADFD;
940 
941 	/* already running? */
942 	if (++ep->use_count != 1)
943 		return 0;
944 
945 	/* just to be sure */
946 	deactivate_urbs(ep, false);
947 
948 	ep->active_mask = 0;
949 	ep->unlink_mask = 0;
950 	ep->phase = 0;
951 
952 	snd_usb_endpoint_start_quirk(ep);
953 
954 	/*
955 	 * If this endpoint has a data endpoint as implicit feedback source,
956 	 * don't start the urbs here. Instead, mark them all as available,
957 	 * wait for the record urbs to return and queue the playback urbs
958 	 * from that context.
959 	 */
960 
961 	set_bit(EP_FLAG_RUNNING, &ep->flags);
962 
963 	if (snd_usb_endpoint_implicit_feedback_sink(ep)) {
964 		for (i = 0; i < ep->nurbs; i++) {
965 			struct snd_urb_ctx *ctx = ep->urb + i;
966 			list_add_tail(&ctx->ready_list, &ep->ready_playback_urbs);
967 		}
968 
969 		return 0;
970 	}
971 
972 	for (i = 0; i < ep->nurbs; i++) {
973 		struct urb *urb = ep->urb[i].urb;
974 
975 		if (snd_BUG_ON(!urb))
976 			goto __error;
977 
978 		if (usb_pipeout(ep->pipe)) {
979 			prepare_outbound_urb(ep, urb->context);
980 		} else {
981 			prepare_inbound_urb(ep, urb->context);
982 		}
983 
984 		err = usb_submit_urb(urb, GFP_ATOMIC);
985 		if (err < 0) {
986 			usb_audio_err(ep->chip,
987 				"cannot submit urb %d, error %d: %s\n",
988 				i, err, usb_error_string(err));
989 			goto __error;
990 		}
991 		set_bit(i, &ep->active_mask);
992 	}
993 
994 	return 0;
995 
996 __error:
997 	clear_bit(EP_FLAG_RUNNING, &ep->flags);
998 	ep->use_count--;
999 	deactivate_urbs(ep, false);
1000 	return -EPIPE;
1001 }
1002 
1003 /**
1004  * snd_usb_endpoint_stop: stop an snd_usb_endpoint
1005  *
1006  * @ep: the endpoint to stop (may be NULL)
1007  *
1008  * A call to this function will decrement the use count of the endpoint.
1009  * In case the last user has requested the endpoint stop, the URBs will
1010  * actually be deactivated.
1011  *
1012  * Must be balanced to calls of snd_usb_endpoint_start().
1013  *
1014  * The caller needs to synchronize the pending stop operation via
1015  * snd_usb_endpoint_sync_pending_stop().
1016  */
1017 void snd_usb_endpoint_stop(struct snd_usb_endpoint *ep)
1018 {
1019 	if (!ep)
1020 		return;
1021 
1022 	if (snd_BUG_ON(ep->use_count == 0))
1023 		return;
1024 
1025 	if (--ep->use_count == 0) {
1026 		deactivate_urbs(ep, false);
1027 		set_bit(EP_FLAG_STOPPING, &ep->flags);
1028 	}
1029 }
1030 
1031 /**
1032  * snd_usb_endpoint_deactivate: deactivate an snd_usb_endpoint
1033  *
1034  * @ep: the endpoint to deactivate
1035  *
1036  * If the endpoint is not currently in use, this functions will
1037  * deactivate its associated URBs.
1038  *
1039  * In case of any active users, this functions does nothing.
1040  */
1041 void snd_usb_endpoint_deactivate(struct snd_usb_endpoint *ep)
1042 {
1043 	if (!ep)
1044 		return;
1045 
1046 	if (ep->use_count != 0)
1047 		return;
1048 
1049 	deactivate_urbs(ep, true);
1050 	wait_clear_urbs(ep);
1051 }
1052 
1053 /**
1054  * snd_usb_endpoint_release: Tear down an snd_usb_endpoint
1055  *
1056  * @ep: the endpoint to release
1057  *
1058  * This function does not care for the endpoint's use count but will tear
1059  * down all the streaming URBs immediately.
1060  */
1061 void snd_usb_endpoint_release(struct snd_usb_endpoint *ep)
1062 {
1063 	release_urbs(ep, 1);
1064 }
1065 
1066 /**
1067  * snd_usb_endpoint_free: Free the resources of an snd_usb_endpoint
1068  *
1069  * @ep: the endpoint to free
1070  *
1071  * This free all resources of the given ep.
1072  */
1073 void snd_usb_endpoint_free(struct snd_usb_endpoint *ep)
1074 {
1075 	kfree(ep);
1076 }
1077 
1078 /**
1079  * snd_usb_handle_sync_urb: parse an USB sync packet
1080  *
1081  * @ep: the endpoint to handle the packet
1082  * @sender: the sending endpoint
1083  * @urb: the received packet
1084  *
1085  * This function is called from the context of an endpoint that received
1086  * the packet and is used to let another endpoint object handle the payload.
1087  */
1088 void snd_usb_handle_sync_urb(struct snd_usb_endpoint *ep,
1089 			     struct snd_usb_endpoint *sender,
1090 			     const struct urb *urb)
1091 {
1092 	int shift;
1093 	unsigned int f;
1094 	unsigned long flags;
1095 
1096 	snd_BUG_ON(ep == sender);
1097 
1098 	/*
1099 	 * In case the endpoint is operating in implicit feedback mode, prepare
1100 	 * a new outbound URB that has the same layout as the received packet
1101 	 * and add it to the list of pending urbs. queue_pending_output_urbs()
1102 	 * will take care of them later.
1103 	 */
1104 	if (snd_usb_endpoint_implicit_feedback_sink(ep) &&
1105 	    ep->use_count != 0) {
1106 
1107 		/* implicit feedback case */
1108 		int i, bytes = 0;
1109 		struct snd_urb_ctx *in_ctx;
1110 		struct snd_usb_packet_info *out_packet;
1111 
1112 		in_ctx = urb->context;
1113 
1114 		/* Count overall packet size */
1115 		for (i = 0; i < in_ctx->packets; i++)
1116 			if (urb->iso_frame_desc[i].status == 0)
1117 				bytes += urb->iso_frame_desc[i].actual_length;
1118 
1119 		/*
1120 		 * skip empty packets. At least M-Audio's Fast Track Ultra stops
1121 		 * streaming once it received a 0-byte OUT URB
1122 		 */
1123 		if (bytes == 0)
1124 			return;
1125 
1126 		spin_lock_irqsave(&ep->lock, flags);
1127 		out_packet = ep->next_packet + ep->next_packet_write_pos;
1128 
1129 		/*
1130 		 * Iterate through the inbound packet and prepare the lengths
1131 		 * for the output packet. The OUT packet we are about to send
1132 		 * will have the same amount of payload bytes per stride as the
1133 		 * IN packet we just received. Since the actual size is scaled
1134 		 * by the stride, use the sender stride to calculate the length
1135 		 * in case the number of channels differ between the implicitly
1136 		 * fed-back endpoint and the synchronizing endpoint.
1137 		 */
1138 
1139 		out_packet->packets = in_ctx->packets;
1140 		for (i = 0; i < in_ctx->packets; i++) {
1141 			if (urb->iso_frame_desc[i].status == 0)
1142 				out_packet->packet_size[i] =
1143 					urb->iso_frame_desc[i].actual_length / sender->stride;
1144 			else
1145 				out_packet->packet_size[i] = 0;
1146 		}
1147 
1148 		ep->next_packet_write_pos++;
1149 		ep->next_packet_write_pos %= MAX_URBS;
1150 		spin_unlock_irqrestore(&ep->lock, flags);
1151 		queue_pending_output_urbs(ep);
1152 
1153 		return;
1154 	}
1155 
1156 	/*
1157 	 * process after playback sync complete
1158 	 *
1159 	 * Full speed devices report feedback values in 10.14 format as samples
1160 	 * per frame, high speed devices in 16.16 format as samples per
1161 	 * microframe.
1162 	 *
1163 	 * Because the Audio Class 1 spec was written before USB 2.0, many high
1164 	 * speed devices use a wrong interpretation, some others use an
1165 	 * entirely different format.
1166 	 *
1167 	 * Therefore, we cannot predict what format any particular device uses
1168 	 * and must detect it automatically.
1169 	 */
1170 
1171 	if (urb->iso_frame_desc[0].status != 0 ||
1172 	    urb->iso_frame_desc[0].actual_length < 3)
1173 		return;
1174 
1175 	f = le32_to_cpup(urb->transfer_buffer);
1176 	if (urb->iso_frame_desc[0].actual_length == 3)
1177 		f &= 0x00ffffff;
1178 	else
1179 		f &= 0x0fffffff;
1180 
1181 	if (f == 0)
1182 		return;
1183 
1184 	if (unlikely(sender->tenor_fb_quirk)) {
1185 		/*
1186 		 * Devices based on Tenor 8802 chipsets (TEAC UD-H01
1187 		 * and others) sometimes change the feedback value
1188 		 * by +/- 0x1.0000.
1189 		 */
1190 		if (f < ep->freqn - 0x8000)
1191 			f += 0xf000;
1192 		else if (f > ep->freqn + 0x8000)
1193 			f -= 0xf000;
1194 	} else if (unlikely(ep->freqshift == INT_MIN)) {
1195 		/*
1196 		 * The first time we see a feedback value, determine its format
1197 		 * by shifting it left or right until it matches the nominal
1198 		 * frequency value.  This assumes that the feedback does not
1199 		 * differ from the nominal value more than +50% or -25%.
1200 		 */
1201 		shift = 0;
1202 		while (f < ep->freqn - ep->freqn / 4) {
1203 			f <<= 1;
1204 			shift++;
1205 		}
1206 		while (f > ep->freqn + ep->freqn / 2) {
1207 			f >>= 1;
1208 			shift--;
1209 		}
1210 		ep->freqshift = shift;
1211 	} else if (ep->freqshift >= 0)
1212 		f <<= ep->freqshift;
1213 	else
1214 		f >>= -ep->freqshift;
1215 
1216 	if (likely(f >= ep->freqn - ep->freqn / 8 && f <= ep->freqmax)) {
1217 		/*
1218 		 * If the frequency looks valid, set it.
1219 		 * This value is referred to in prepare_playback_urb().
1220 		 */
1221 		spin_lock_irqsave(&ep->lock, flags);
1222 		ep->freqm = f;
1223 		spin_unlock_irqrestore(&ep->lock, flags);
1224 	} else {
1225 		/*
1226 		 * Out of range; maybe the shift value is wrong.
1227 		 * Reset it so that we autodetect again the next time.
1228 		 */
1229 		ep->freqshift = INT_MIN;
1230 	}
1231 }
1232 
1233