xref: /linux/sound/usb/card.c (revision 08f3e0873ac203449465c2b8473d684e2f9f41d1)
1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
2 /*
3  *   (Tentative) USB Audio Driver for ALSA
4  *
5  *   Copyright (c) 2002 by Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de>
6  *
7  *   Many codes borrowed from audio.c by
8  *	    Alan Cox (alan@lxorguk.ukuu.org.uk)
9  *	    Thomas Sailer (sailer@ife.ee.ethz.ch)
10  *
11  *   Audio Class 3.0 support by Ruslan Bilovol <ruslan.bilovol@gmail.com>
12  *
13  *  NOTES:
14  *
15  *   - the linked URBs would be preferred but not used so far because of
16  *     the instability of unlinking.
17  *   - type II is not supported properly.  there is no device which supports
18  *     this type *correctly*.  SB extigy looks as if it supports, but it's
19  *     indeed an AC3 stream packed in SPDIF frames (i.e. no real AC3 stream).
20  */
21 
22 
23 #include <linux/bitops.h>
24 #include <linux/init.h>
25 #include <linux/list.h>
26 #include <linux/slab.h>
27 #include <linux/string.h>
28 #include <linux/ctype.h>
29 #include <linux/usb.h>
30 #include <linux/moduleparam.h>
31 #include <linux/mutex.h>
32 #include <linux/usb/audio.h>
33 #include <linux/usb/audio-v2.h>
34 #include <linux/usb/audio-v3.h>
35 #include <linux/module.h>
36 
37 #include <sound/control.h>
38 #include <sound/core.h>
39 #include <sound/info.h>
40 #include <sound/pcm.h>
41 #include <sound/pcm_params.h>
42 #include <sound/initval.h>
43 
44 #include "usbaudio.h"
45 #include "card.h"
46 #include "midi.h"
47 #include "mixer.h"
48 #include "proc.h"
49 #include "quirks.h"
50 #include "endpoint.h"
51 #include "helper.h"
52 #include "pcm.h"
53 #include "format.h"
54 #include "power.h"
55 #include "stream.h"
56 #include "media.h"
57 
58 MODULE_AUTHOR("Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de>");
59 MODULE_DESCRIPTION("USB Audio");
60 MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
61 
62 static int index[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_IDX;	/* Index 0-MAX */
63 static char *id[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_STR;	/* ID for this card */
64 static bool enable[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_ENABLE_PNP;/* Enable this card */
65 /* Vendor/product IDs for this card */
66 static int vid[SNDRV_CARDS] = { [0 ... (SNDRV_CARDS-1)] = -1 };
67 static int pid[SNDRV_CARDS] = { [0 ... (SNDRV_CARDS-1)] = -1 };
68 static int device_setup[SNDRV_CARDS]; /* device parameter for this card */
69 static bool ignore_ctl_error;
70 static bool autoclock = true;
71 static bool lowlatency = true;
72 static char *quirk_alias[SNDRV_CARDS];
73 static char *delayed_register[SNDRV_CARDS];
74 static bool implicit_fb[SNDRV_CARDS];
75 static unsigned int quirk_flags[SNDRV_CARDS];
76 
77 bool snd_usb_use_vmalloc = true;
78 bool snd_usb_skip_validation;
79 
80 module_param_array(index, int, NULL, 0444);
81 MODULE_PARM_DESC(index, "Index value for the USB audio adapter.");
82 module_param_array(id, charp, NULL, 0444);
83 MODULE_PARM_DESC(id, "ID string for the USB audio adapter.");
84 module_param_array(enable, bool, NULL, 0444);
85 MODULE_PARM_DESC(enable, "Enable USB audio adapter.");
86 module_param_array(vid, int, NULL, 0444);
87 MODULE_PARM_DESC(vid, "Vendor ID for the USB audio device.");
88 module_param_array(pid, int, NULL, 0444);
89 MODULE_PARM_DESC(pid, "Product ID for the USB audio device.");
90 module_param_array(device_setup, int, NULL, 0444);
91 MODULE_PARM_DESC(device_setup, "Specific device setup (if needed).");
92 module_param(ignore_ctl_error, bool, 0444);
93 MODULE_PARM_DESC(ignore_ctl_error,
94 		 "Ignore errors from USB controller for mixer interfaces.");
95 module_param(autoclock, bool, 0444);
96 MODULE_PARM_DESC(autoclock, "Enable auto-clock selection for UAC2 devices (default: yes).");
97 module_param(lowlatency, bool, 0444);
98 MODULE_PARM_DESC(lowlatency, "Enable low latency playback (default: yes).");
99 module_param_array(quirk_alias, charp, NULL, 0444);
100 MODULE_PARM_DESC(quirk_alias, "Quirk aliases, e.g. 0123abcd:5678beef.");
101 module_param_array(delayed_register, charp, NULL, 0444);
102 MODULE_PARM_DESC(delayed_register, "Quirk for delayed registration, given by id:iface, e.g. 0123abcd:4.");
103 module_param_array(implicit_fb, bool, NULL, 0444);
104 MODULE_PARM_DESC(implicit_fb, "Apply generic implicit feedback sync mode.");
105 module_param_array(quirk_flags, uint, NULL, 0444);
106 MODULE_PARM_DESC(quirk_flags, "Driver quirk bit flags.");
107 module_param_named(use_vmalloc, snd_usb_use_vmalloc, bool, 0444);
108 MODULE_PARM_DESC(use_vmalloc, "Use vmalloc for PCM intermediate buffers (default: yes).");
109 module_param_named(skip_validation, snd_usb_skip_validation, bool, 0444);
110 MODULE_PARM_DESC(skip_validation, "Skip unit descriptor validation (default: no).");
111 
112 /*
113  * we keep the snd_usb_audio_t instances by ourselves for merging
114  * the all interfaces on the same card as one sound device.
115  */
116 
117 static DEFINE_MUTEX(register_mutex);
118 static struct snd_usb_audio *usb_chip[SNDRV_CARDS];
119 static struct usb_driver usb_audio_driver;
120 
121 /*
122  * disconnect streams
123  * called from usb_audio_disconnect()
124  */
125 static void snd_usb_stream_disconnect(struct snd_usb_stream *as)
126 {
127 	int idx;
128 	struct snd_usb_substream *subs;
129 
130 	for (idx = 0; idx < 2; idx++) {
131 		subs = &as->substream[idx];
132 		if (!subs->num_formats)
133 			continue;
134 		subs->data_endpoint = NULL;
135 		subs->sync_endpoint = NULL;
136 	}
137 }
138 
139 static int snd_usb_create_stream(struct snd_usb_audio *chip, int ctrlif, int interface)
140 {
141 	struct usb_device *dev = chip->dev;
142 	struct usb_host_interface *alts;
143 	struct usb_interface_descriptor *altsd;
144 	struct usb_interface *iface = usb_ifnum_to_if(dev, interface);
145 
146 	if (!iface) {
147 		dev_err(&dev->dev, "%u:%d : does not exist\n",
148 			ctrlif, interface);
149 		return -EINVAL;
150 	}
151 
152 	alts = &iface->altsetting[0];
153 	altsd = get_iface_desc(alts);
154 
155 	/*
156 	 * Android with both accessory and audio interfaces enabled gets the
157 	 * interface numbers wrong.
158 	 */
159 	if ((chip->usb_id == USB_ID(0x18d1, 0x2d04) ||
160 	     chip->usb_id == USB_ID(0x18d1, 0x2d05)) &&
161 	    interface == 0 &&
162 	    altsd->bInterfaceClass == USB_CLASS_VENDOR_SPEC &&
163 	    altsd->bInterfaceSubClass == USB_SUBCLASS_VENDOR_SPEC) {
164 		interface = 2;
165 		iface = usb_ifnum_to_if(dev, interface);
166 		if (!iface)
167 			return -EINVAL;
168 		alts = &iface->altsetting[0];
169 		altsd = get_iface_desc(alts);
170 	}
171 
172 	if (usb_interface_claimed(iface)) {
173 		dev_dbg(&dev->dev, "%d:%d: skipping, already claimed\n",
174 			ctrlif, interface);
175 		return -EINVAL;
176 	}
177 
178 	if ((altsd->bInterfaceClass == USB_CLASS_AUDIO ||
179 	     altsd->bInterfaceClass == USB_CLASS_VENDOR_SPEC) &&
180 	    altsd->bInterfaceSubClass == USB_SUBCLASS_MIDISTREAMING) {
181 		int err = __snd_usbmidi_create(chip->card, iface,
182 					     &chip->midi_list, NULL,
183 					     chip->usb_id);
184 		if (err < 0) {
185 			dev_err(&dev->dev,
186 				"%u:%d: cannot create sequencer device\n",
187 				ctrlif, interface);
188 			return -EINVAL;
189 		}
190 		return usb_driver_claim_interface(&usb_audio_driver, iface,
191 						  USB_AUDIO_IFACE_UNUSED);
192 	}
193 
194 	if ((altsd->bInterfaceClass != USB_CLASS_AUDIO &&
195 	     altsd->bInterfaceClass != USB_CLASS_VENDOR_SPEC) ||
196 	    altsd->bInterfaceSubClass != USB_SUBCLASS_AUDIOSTREAMING) {
197 		dev_dbg(&dev->dev,
198 			"%u:%d: skipping non-supported interface %d\n",
199 			ctrlif, interface, altsd->bInterfaceClass);
200 		/* skip non-supported classes */
201 		return -EINVAL;
202 	}
203 
204 	if (snd_usb_get_speed(dev) == USB_SPEED_LOW) {
205 		dev_err(&dev->dev, "low speed audio streaming not supported\n");
206 		return -EINVAL;
207 	}
208 
209 	if (! snd_usb_parse_audio_interface(chip, interface)) {
210 		usb_set_interface(dev, interface, 0); /* reset the current interface */
211 		return usb_driver_claim_interface(&usb_audio_driver, iface,
212 						  USB_AUDIO_IFACE_UNUSED);
213 	}
214 
215 	return 0;
216 }
217 
218 /*
219  * parse audio control descriptor and create pcm/midi streams
220  */
221 static int snd_usb_create_streams(struct snd_usb_audio *chip, int ctrlif)
222 {
223 	struct usb_device *dev = chip->dev;
224 	struct usb_host_interface *host_iface;
225 	struct usb_interface_descriptor *altsd;
226 	int i, protocol;
227 
228 	/* find audiocontrol interface */
229 	host_iface = &usb_ifnum_to_if(dev, ctrlif)->altsetting[0];
230 	altsd = get_iface_desc(host_iface);
231 	protocol = altsd->bInterfaceProtocol;
232 
233 	switch (protocol) {
234 	default:
235 		dev_warn(&dev->dev,
236 			 "unknown interface protocol %#02x, assuming v1\n",
237 			 protocol);
238 		fallthrough;
239 
240 	case UAC_VERSION_1: {
241 		struct uac1_ac_header_descriptor *h1;
242 		int rest_bytes;
243 
244 		h1 = snd_usb_find_csint_desc(host_iface->extra,
245 							 host_iface->extralen,
246 							 NULL, UAC_HEADER);
247 		if (!h1 || h1->bLength < sizeof(*h1)) {
248 			dev_err(&dev->dev, "cannot find UAC_HEADER\n");
249 			return -EINVAL;
250 		}
251 
252 		rest_bytes = (void *)(host_iface->extra +
253 				host_iface->extralen) - (void *)h1;
254 
255 		/* just to be sure -- this shouldn't hit at all */
256 		if (rest_bytes <= 0) {
257 			dev_err(&dev->dev, "invalid control header\n");
258 			return -EINVAL;
259 		}
260 
261 		if (rest_bytes < sizeof(*h1)) {
262 			dev_err(&dev->dev, "too short v1 buffer descriptor\n");
263 			return -EINVAL;
264 		}
265 
266 		if (!h1->bInCollection) {
267 			dev_info(&dev->dev, "skipping empty audio interface (v1)\n");
268 			return -EINVAL;
269 		}
270 
271 		if (rest_bytes < h1->bLength) {
272 			dev_err(&dev->dev, "invalid buffer length (v1)\n");
273 			return -EINVAL;
274 		}
275 
276 		if (h1->bLength < sizeof(*h1) + h1->bInCollection) {
277 			dev_err(&dev->dev, "invalid UAC_HEADER (v1)\n");
278 			return -EINVAL;
279 		}
280 
281 		for (i = 0; i < h1->bInCollection; i++)
282 			snd_usb_create_stream(chip, ctrlif, h1->baInterfaceNr[i]);
283 
284 		break;
285 	}
286 
287 	case UAC_VERSION_2:
288 	case UAC_VERSION_3: {
289 		struct usb_interface_assoc_descriptor *assoc =
290 			usb_ifnum_to_if(dev, ctrlif)->intf_assoc;
291 
292 		if (!assoc) {
293 			/*
294 			 * Firmware writers cannot count to three.  So to find
295 			 * the IAD on the NuForce UDH-100, also check the next
296 			 * interface.
297 			 */
298 			struct usb_interface *iface =
299 				usb_ifnum_to_if(dev, ctrlif + 1);
300 			if (iface &&
301 			    iface->intf_assoc &&
302 			    iface->intf_assoc->bFunctionClass == USB_CLASS_AUDIO &&
303 			    iface->intf_assoc->bFunctionProtocol == UAC_VERSION_2)
304 				assoc = iface->intf_assoc;
305 		}
306 
307 		if (!assoc) {
308 			dev_err(&dev->dev, "Audio class v2/v3 interfaces need an interface association\n");
309 			return -EINVAL;
310 		}
311 
312 		if (protocol == UAC_VERSION_3) {
313 			int badd = assoc->bFunctionSubClass;
314 
315 			if (badd != UAC3_FUNCTION_SUBCLASS_FULL_ADC_3_0 &&
316 			    (badd < UAC3_FUNCTION_SUBCLASS_GENERIC_IO ||
317 			     badd > UAC3_FUNCTION_SUBCLASS_SPEAKERPHONE)) {
318 				dev_err(&dev->dev,
319 					"Unsupported UAC3 BADD profile\n");
320 				return -EINVAL;
321 			}
322 
323 			chip->badd_profile = badd;
324 		}
325 
326 		for (i = 0; i < assoc->bInterfaceCount; i++) {
327 			int intf = assoc->bFirstInterface + i;
328 
329 			if (intf != ctrlif)
330 				snd_usb_create_stream(chip, ctrlif, intf);
331 		}
332 
333 		break;
334 	}
335 	}
336 
337 	return 0;
338 }
339 
340 /*
341  * Profile name preset table
342  */
343 struct usb_audio_device_name {
344 	u32 id;
345 	const char *vendor_name;
346 	const char *product_name;
347 	const char *profile_name;	/* override card->longname */
348 };
349 
350 #define PROFILE_NAME(vid, pid, vendor, product, profile)	 \
351 	{ .id = USB_ID(vid, pid), .vendor_name = (vendor),	 \
352 	  .product_name = (product), .profile_name = (profile) }
353 #define DEVICE_NAME(vid, pid, vendor, product) \
354 	PROFILE_NAME(vid, pid, vendor, product, NULL)
355 
356 /* vendor/product and profile name presets, sorted in device id order */
357 static const struct usb_audio_device_name usb_audio_names[] = {
358 	/* HP Thunderbolt Dock Audio Headset */
359 	PROFILE_NAME(0x03f0, 0x0269, "HP", "Thunderbolt Dock Audio Headset",
360 		     "HP-Thunderbolt-Dock-Audio-Headset"),
361 	/* HP Thunderbolt Dock Audio Module */
362 	PROFILE_NAME(0x03f0, 0x0567, "HP", "Thunderbolt Dock Audio Module",
363 		     "HP-Thunderbolt-Dock-Audio-Module"),
364 
365 	/* Two entries for Gigabyte TRX40 Aorus Master:
366 	 * TRX40 Aorus Master has two USB-audio devices, one for the front
367 	 * headphone with ESS SABRE9218 DAC chip, while another for the rest
368 	 * I/O (the rear panel and the front mic) with Realtek ALC1220-VB.
369 	 * Here we provide two distinct names for making UCM profiles easier.
370 	 */
371 	PROFILE_NAME(0x0414, 0xa000, "Gigabyte", "Aorus Master Front Headphone",
372 		     "Gigabyte-Aorus-Master-Front-Headphone"),
373 	PROFILE_NAME(0x0414, 0xa001, "Gigabyte", "Aorus Master Main Audio",
374 		     "Gigabyte-Aorus-Master-Main-Audio"),
375 
376 	/* Gigabyte TRX40 Aorus Pro WiFi */
377 	PROFILE_NAME(0x0414, 0xa002,
378 		     "Realtek", "ALC1220-VB-DT", "Realtek-ALC1220-VB-Desktop"),
379 
380 	/* Creative/E-Mu devices */
381 	DEVICE_NAME(0x041e, 0x3010, "Creative Labs", "Sound Blaster MP3+"),
382 	/* Creative/Toshiba Multimedia Center SB-0500 */
383 	DEVICE_NAME(0x041e, 0x3048, "Toshiba", "SB-0500"),
384 
385 	DEVICE_NAME(0x046d, 0x0990, "Logitech, Inc.", "QuickCam Pro 9000"),
386 
387 	DEVICE_NAME(0x05e1, 0x0408, "Syntek", "STK1160"),
388 	DEVICE_NAME(0x05e1, 0x0480, "Hauppauge", "Woodbury"),
389 
390 	/* ASUS ROG Strix */
391 	PROFILE_NAME(0x0b05, 0x1917,
392 		     "Realtek", "ALC1220-VB-DT", "Realtek-ALC1220-VB-Desktop"),
393 	/* ASUS PRIME TRX40 PRO-S */
394 	PROFILE_NAME(0x0b05, 0x1918,
395 		     "Realtek", "ALC1220-VB-DT", "Realtek-ALC1220-VB-Desktop"),
396 
397 	/* Dell WD15 Dock */
398 	PROFILE_NAME(0x0bda, 0x4014, "Dell", "WD15 Dock", "Dell-WD15-Dock"),
399 	/* Dell WD19 Dock */
400 	PROFILE_NAME(0x0bda, 0x402e, "Dell", "WD19 Dock", "Dell-WD15-Dock"),
401 
402 	DEVICE_NAME(0x0ccd, 0x0028, "TerraTec", "Aureon5.1MkII"),
403 
404 	/*
405 	 * The original product_name is "USB Sound Device", however this name
406 	 * is also used by the CM106 based cards, so make it unique.
407 	 */
408 	DEVICE_NAME(0x0d8c, 0x0102, NULL, "ICUSBAUDIO7D"),
409 	DEVICE_NAME(0x0d8c, 0x0103, NULL, "Audio Advantage MicroII"),
410 
411 	/* MSI TRX40 Creator */
412 	PROFILE_NAME(0x0db0, 0x0d64,
413 		     "Realtek", "ALC1220-VB-DT", "Realtek-ALC1220-VB-Desktop"),
414 	/* MSI TRX40 */
415 	PROFILE_NAME(0x0db0, 0x543d,
416 		     "Realtek", "ALC1220-VB-DT", "Realtek-ALC1220-VB-Desktop"),
417 
418 	DEVICE_NAME(0x0fd9, 0x0008, "Hauppauge", "HVR-950Q"),
419 
420 	/* Stanton/N2IT Final Scratch v1 device ('Scratchamp') */
421 	DEVICE_NAME(0x103d, 0x0100, "Stanton", "ScratchAmp"),
422 	DEVICE_NAME(0x103d, 0x0101, "Stanton", "ScratchAmp"),
423 
424 	/* aka. Serato Scratch Live DJ Box */
425 	DEVICE_NAME(0x13e5, 0x0001, "Rane", "SL-1"),
426 
427 	/* Lenovo ThinkStation P620 Rear Line-in, Line-out and Microphone */
428 	PROFILE_NAME(0x17aa, 0x1046, "Lenovo", "ThinkStation P620 Rear",
429 		     "Lenovo-ThinkStation-P620-Rear"),
430 	/* Lenovo ThinkStation P620 Internal Speaker + Front Headset */
431 	PROFILE_NAME(0x17aa, 0x104d, "Lenovo", "ThinkStation P620 Main",
432 		     "Lenovo-ThinkStation-P620-Main"),
433 
434 	/* Asrock TRX40 Creator */
435 	PROFILE_NAME(0x26ce, 0x0a01,
436 		     "Realtek", "ALC1220-VB-DT", "Realtek-ALC1220-VB-Desktop"),
437 
438 	DEVICE_NAME(0x2040, 0x7200, "Hauppauge", "HVR-950Q"),
439 	DEVICE_NAME(0x2040, 0x7201, "Hauppauge", "HVR-950Q-MXL"),
440 	DEVICE_NAME(0x2040, 0x7210, "Hauppauge", "HVR-950Q"),
441 	DEVICE_NAME(0x2040, 0x7211, "Hauppauge", "HVR-950Q-MXL"),
442 	DEVICE_NAME(0x2040, 0x7213, "Hauppauge", "HVR-950Q"),
443 	DEVICE_NAME(0x2040, 0x7217, "Hauppauge", "HVR-950Q"),
444 	DEVICE_NAME(0x2040, 0x721b, "Hauppauge", "HVR-950Q"),
445 	DEVICE_NAME(0x2040, 0x721e, "Hauppauge", "HVR-950Q"),
446 	DEVICE_NAME(0x2040, 0x721f, "Hauppauge", "HVR-950Q"),
447 	DEVICE_NAME(0x2040, 0x7240, "Hauppauge", "HVR-850"),
448 	DEVICE_NAME(0x2040, 0x7260, "Hauppauge", "HVR-950Q"),
449 	DEVICE_NAME(0x2040, 0x7270, "Hauppauge", "HVR-950Q"),
450 	DEVICE_NAME(0x2040, 0x7280, "Hauppauge", "HVR-950Q"),
451 	DEVICE_NAME(0x2040, 0x7281, "Hauppauge", "HVR-950Q-MXL"),
452 	DEVICE_NAME(0x2040, 0x8200, "Hauppauge", "Woodbury"),
453 
454 	{ } /* terminator */
455 };
456 
457 static const struct usb_audio_device_name *
458 lookup_device_name(u32 id)
459 {
460 	static const struct usb_audio_device_name *p;
461 
462 	for (p = usb_audio_names; p->id; p++)
463 		if (p->id == id)
464 			return p;
465 	return NULL;
466 }
467 
468 /*
469  * free the chip instance
470  *
471  * here we have to do not much, since pcm and controls are already freed
472  *
473  */
474 
475 static void snd_usb_audio_free(struct snd_card *card)
476 {
477 	struct snd_usb_audio *chip = card->private_data;
478 
479 	snd_usb_endpoint_free_all(chip);
480 
481 	mutex_destroy(&chip->mutex);
482 	if (!atomic_read(&chip->shutdown))
483 		dev_set_drvdata(&chip->dev->dev, NULL);
484 }
485 
486 static void usb_audio_make_shortname(struct usb_device *dev,
487 				     struct snd_usb_audio *chip,
488 				     const struct snd_usb_audio_quirk *quirk)
489 {
490 	struct snd_card *card = chip->card;
491 	const struct usb_audio_device_name *preset;
492 	const char *s = NULL;
493 
494 	preset = lookup_device_name(chip->usb_id);
495 	if (preset && preset->product_name)
496 		s = preset->product_name;
497 	else if (quirk && quirk->product_name)
498 		s = quirk->product_name;
499 	if (s && *s) {
500 		strscpy(card->shortname, s, sizeof(card->shortname));
501 		return;
502 	}
503 
504 	/* retrieve the device string as shortname */
505 	if (!dev->descriptor.iProduct ||
506 	    usb_string(dev, dev->descriptor.iProduct,
507 		       card->shortname, sizeof(card->shortname)) <= 0) {
508 		/* no name available from anywhere, so use ID */
509 		sprintf(card->shortname, "USB Device %#04x:%#04x",
510 			USB_ID_VENDOR(chip->usb_id),
511 			USB_ID_PRODUCT(chip->usb_id));
512 	}
513 
514 	strim(card->shortname);
515 }
516 
517 static void usb_audio_make_longname(struct usb_device *dev,
518 				    struct snd_usb_audio *chip,
519 				    const struct snd_usb_audio_quirk *quirk)
520 {
521 	struct snd_card *card = chip->card;
522 	const struct usb_audio_device_name *preset;
523 	const char *s = NULL;
524 	int len;
525 
526 	preset = lookup_device_name(chip->usb_id);
527 
528 	/* shortcut - if any pre-defined string is given, use it */
529 	if (preset && preset->profile_name)
530 		s = preset->profile_name;
531 	if (s && *s) {
532 		strscpy(card->longname, s, sizeof(card->longname));
533 		return;
534 	}
535 
536 	if (preset && preset->vendor_name)
537 		s = preset->vendor_name;
538 	else if (quirk && quirk->vendor_name)
539 		s = quirk->vendor_name;
540 	*card->longname = 0;
541 	if (s && *s) {
542 		strscpy(card->longname, s, sizeof(card->longname));
543 	} else {
544 		/* retrieve the vendor and device strings as longname */
545 		if (dev->descriptor.iManufacturer)
546 			usb_string(dev, dev->descriptor.iManufacturer,
547 				   card->longname, sizeof(card->longname));
548 		/* we don't really care if there isn't any vendor string */
549 	}
550 	if (*card->longname) {
551 		strim(card->longname);
552 		if (*card->longname)
553 			strlcat(card->longname, " ", sizeof(card->longname));
554 	}
555 
556 	strlcat(card->longname, card->shortname, sizeof(card->longname));
557 
558 	len = strlcat(card->longname, " at ", sizeof(card->longname));
559 
560 	if (len < sizeof(card->longname))
561 		usb_make_path(dev, card->longname + len, sizeof(card->longname) - len);
562 
563 	switch (snd_usb_get_speed(dev)) {
564 	case USB_SPEED_LOW:
565 		strlcat(card->longname, ", low speed", sizeof(card->longname));
566 		break;
567 	case USB_SPEED_FULL:
568 		strlcat(card->longname, ", full speed", sizeof(card->longname));
569 		break;
570 	case USB_SPEED_HIGH:
571 		strlcat(card->longname, ", high speed", sizeof(card->longname));
572 		break;
573 	case USB_SPEED_SUPER:
574 		strlcat(card->longname, ", super speed", sizeof(card->longname));
575 		break;
576 	case USB_SPEED_SUPER_PLUS:
577 		strlcat(card->longname, ", super speed plus", sizeof(card->longname));
578 		break;
579 	default:
580 		break;
581 	}
582 }
583 
584 /*
585  * create a chip instance and set its names.
586  */
587 static int snd_usb_audio_create(struct usb_interface *intf,
588 				struct usb_device *dev, int idx,
589 				const struct snd_usb_audio_quirk *quirk,
590 				unsigned int usb_id,
591 				struct snd_usb_audio **rchip)
592 {
593 	struct snd_card *card;
594 	struct snd_usb_audio *chip;
595 	int err;
596 	char component[14];
597 
598 	*rchip = NULL;
599 
600 	switch (snd_usb_get_speed(dev)) {
601 	case USB_SPEED_LOW:
602 	case USB_SPEED_FULL:
603 	case USB_SPEED_HIGH:
604 	case USB_SPEED_WIRELESS:
605 	case USB_SPEED_SUPER:
606 	case USB_SPEED_SUPER_PLUS:
607 		break;
608 	default:
609 		dev_err(&dev->dev, "unknown device speed %d\n", snd_usb_get_speed(dev));
610 		return -ENXIO;
611 	}
612 
613 	err = snd_card_new(&intf->dev, index[idx], id[idx], THIS_MODULE,
614 			   sizeof(*chip), &card);
615 	if (err < 0) {
616 		dev_err(&dev->dev, "cannot create card instance %d\n", idx);
617 		return err;
618 	}
619 
620 	chip = card->private_data;
621 	mutex_init(&chip->mutex);
622 	init_waitqueue_head(&chip->shutdown_wait);
623 	chip->index = idx;
624 	chip->dev = dev;
625 	chip->card = card;
626 	chip->setup = device_setup[idx];
627 	chip->generic_implicit_fb = implicit_fb[idx];
628 	chip->autoclock = autoclock;
629 	chip->lowlatency = lowlatency;
630 	atomic_set(&chip->active, 1); /* avoid autopm during probing */
631 	atomic_set(&chip->usage_count, 0);
632 	atomic_set(&chip->shutdown, 0);
633 
634 	chip->usb_id = usb_id;
635 	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&chip->pcm_list);
636 	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&chip->ep_list);
637 	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&chip->iface_ref_list);
638 	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&chip->midi_list);
639 	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&chip->mixer_list);
640 
641 	if (quirk_flags[idx])
642 		chip->quirk_flags = quirk_flags[idx];
643 	else
644 		snd_usb_init_quirk_flags(chip);
645 
646 	card->private_free = snd_usb_audio_free;
647 
648 	strcpy(card->driver, "USB-Audio");
649 	sprintf(component, "USB%04x:%04x",
650 		USB_ID_VENDOR(chip->usb_id), USB_ID_PRODUCT(chip->usb_id));
651 	snd_component_add(card, component);
652 
653 	usb_audio_make_shortname(dev, chip, quirk);
654 	usb_audio_make_longname(dev, chip, quirk);
655 
656 	snd_usb_audio_create_proc(chip);
657 
658 	*rchip = chip;
659 	return 0;
660 }
661 
662 /* look for a matching quirk alias id */
663 static bool get_alias_id(struct usb_device *dev, unsigned int *id)
664 {
665 	int i;
666 	unsigned int src, dst;
667 
668 	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(quirk_alias); i++) {
669 		if (!quirk_alias[i] ||
670 		    sscanf(quirk_alias[i], "%x:%x", &src, &dst) != 2 ||
671 		    src != *id)
672 			continue;
673 		dev_info(&dev->dev,
674 			 "device (%04x:%04x): applying quirk alias %04x:%04x\n",
675 			 USB_ID_VENDOR(*id), USB_ID_PRODUCT(*id),
676 			 USB_ID_VENDOR(dst), USB_ID_PRODUCT(dst));
677 		*id = dst;
678 		return true;
679 	}
680 
681 	return false;
682 }
683 
684 static bool check_delayed_register_option(struct snd_usb_audio *chip, int iface)
685 {
686 	int i;
687 	unsigned int id, inum;
688 
689 	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(delayed_register); i++) {
690 		if (delayed_register[i] &&
691 		    sscanf(delayed_register[i], "%x:%x", &id, &inum) == 2 &&
692 		    id == chip->usb_id)
693 			return inum != iface;
694 	}
695 
696 	return false;
697 }
698 
699 static const struct usb_device_id usb_audio_ids[]; /* defined below */
700 
701 /* look for the corresponding quirk */
702 static const struct snd_usb_audio_quirk *
703 get_alias_quirk(struct usb_device *dev, unsigned int id)
704 {
705 	const struct usb_device_id *p;
706 
707 	for (p = usb_audio_ids; p->match_flags; p++) {
708 		/* FIXME: this checks only vendor:product pair in the list */
709 		if ((p->match_flags & USB_DEVICE_ID_MATCH_DEVICE) ==
710 		    USB_DEVICE_ID_MATCH_DEVICE &&
711 		    p->idVendor == USB_ID_VENDOR(id) &&
712 		    p->idProduct == USB_ID_PRODUCT(id))
713 			return (const struct snd_usb_audio_quirk *)p->driver_info;
714 	}
715 
716 	return NULL;
717 }
718 
719 /*
720  * probe the active usb device
721  *
722  * note that this can be called multiple times per a device, when it
723  * includes multiple audio control interfaces.
724  *
725  * thus we check the usb device pointer and creates the card instance
726  * only at the first time.  the successive calls of this function will
727  * append the pcm interface to the corresponding card.
728  */
729 static int usb_audio_probe(struct usb_interface *intf,
730 			   const struct usb_device_id *usb_id)
731 {
732 	struct usb_device *dev = interface_to_usbdev(intf);
733 	const struct snd_usb_audio_quirk *quirk =
734 		(const struct snd_usb_audio_quirk *)usb_id->driver_info;
735 	struct snd_usb_audio *chip;
736 	int i, err;
737 	struct usb_host_interface *alts;
738 	int ifnum;
739 	u32 id;
740 
741 	alts = &intf->altsetting[0];
742 	ifnum = get_iface_desc(alts)->bInterfaceNumber;
743 	id = USB_ID(le16_to_cpu(dev->descriptor.idVendor),
744 		    le16_to_cpu(dev->descriptor.idProduct));
745 	if (get_alias_id(dev, &id))
746 		quirk = get_alias_quirk(dev, id);
747 	if (quirk && quirk->ifnum >= 0 && ifnum != quirk->ifnum)
748 		return -ENXIO;
749 	if (quirk && quirk->ifnum == QUIRK_NODEV_INTERFACE)
750 		return -ENODEV;
751 
752 	err = snd_usb_apply_boot_quirk(dev, intf, quirk, id);
753 	if (err < 0)
754 		return err;
755 
756 	/*
757 	 * found a config.  now register to ALSA
758 	 */
759 
760 	/* check whether it's already registered */
761 	chip = NULL;
762 	mutex_lock(&register_mutex);
763 	for (i = 0; i < SNDRV_CARDS; i++) {
764 		if (usb_chip[i] && usb_chip[i]->dev == dev) {
765 			if (atomic_read(&usb_chip[i]->shutdown)) {
766 				dev_err(&dev->dev, "USB device is in the shutdown state, cannot create a card instance\n");
767 				err = -EIO;
768 				goto __error;
769 			}
770 			chip = usb_chip[i];
771 			atomic_inc(&chip->active); /* avoid autopm */
772 			break;
773 		}
774 	}
775 	if (! chip) {
776 		err = snd_usb_apply_boot_quirk_once(dev, intf, quirk, id);
777 		if (err < 0)
778 			goto __error;
779 
780 		/* it's a fresh one.
781 		 * now look for an empty slot and create a new card instance
782 		 */
783 		for (i = 0; i < SNDRV_CARDS; i++)
784 			if (!usb_chip[i] &&
785 			    (vid[i] == -1 || vid[i] == USB_ID_VENDOR(id)) &&
786 			    (pid[i] == -1 || pid[i] == USB_ID_PRODUCT(id))) {
787 				if (enable[i]) {
788 					err = snd_usb_audio_create(intf, dev, i, quirk,
789 								   id, &chip);
790 					if (err < 0)
791 						goto __error;
792 					break;
793 				} else if (vid[i] != -1 || pid[i] != -1) {
794 					dev_info(&dev->dev,
795 						 "device (%04x:%04x) is disabled\n",
796 						 USB_ID_VENDOR(id),
797 						 USB_ID_PRODUCT(id));
798 					err = -ENOENT;
799 					goto __error;
800 				}
801 			}
802 		if (!chip) {
803 			dev_err(&dev->dev, "no available usb audio device\n");
804 			err = -ENODEV;
805 			goto __error;
806 		}
807 	}
808 
809 	if (chip->num_interfaces >= MAX_CARD_INTERFACES) {
810 		dev_info(&dev->dev, "Too many interfaces assigned to the single USB-audio card\n");
811 		err = -EINVAL;
812 		goto __error;
813 	}
814 
815 	dev_set_drvdata(&dev->dev, chip);
816 
817 	if (ignore_ctl_error)
818 		chip->quirk_flags |= QUIRK_FLAG_IGNORE_CTL_ERROR;
819 
820 	if (chip->quirk_flags & QUIRK_FLAG_DISABLE_AUTOSUSPEND)
821 		usb_disable_autosuspend(interface_to_usbdev(intf));
822 
823 	/*
824 	 * For devices with more than one control interface, we assume the
825 	 * first contains the audio controls. We might need a more specific
826 	 * check here in the future.
827 	 */
828 	if (!chip->ctrl_intf)
829 		chip->ctrl_intf = alts;
830 
831 	err = 1; /* continue */
832 	if (quirk && quirk->ifnum != QUIRK_NO_INTERFACE) {
833 		/* need some special handlings */
834 		err = snd_usb_create_quirk(chip, intf, &usb_audio_driver, quirk);
835 		if (err < 0)
836 			goto __error;
837 	}
838 
839 	if (err > 0) {
840 		/* create normal USB audio interfaces */
841 		err = snd_usb_create_streams(chip, ifnum);
842 		if (err < 0)
843 			goto __error;
844 		err = snd_usb_create_mixer(chip, ifnum);
845 		if (err < 0)
846 			goto __error;
847 	}
848 
849 	if (chip->need_delayed_register) {
850 		dev_info(&dev->dev,
851 			 "Found post-registration device assignment: %08x:%02x\n",
852 			 chip->usb_id, ifnum);
853 		chip->need_delayed_register = false; /* clear again */
854 	}
855 
856 	/* we are allowed to call snd_card_register() many times, but first
857 	 * check to see if a device needs to skip it or do anything special
858 	 */
859 	if (!snd_usb_registration_quirk(chip, ifnum) &&
860 	    !check_delayed_register_option(chip, ifnum)) {
861 		err = snd_card_register(chip->card);
862 		if (err < 0)
863 			goto __error;
864 	}
865 
866 	if (chip->quirk_flags & QUIRK_FLAG_SHARE_MEDIA_DEVICE) {
867 		/* don't want to fail when snd_media_device_create() fails */
868 		snd_media_device_create(chip, intf);
869 	}
870 
871 	if (quirk)
872 		chip->quirk_type = quirk->type;
873 
874 	usb_chip[chip->index] = chip;
875 	chip->intf[chip->num_interfaces] = intf;
876 	chip->num_interfaces++;
877 	usb_set_intfdata(intf, chip);
878 	atomic_dec(&chip->active);
879 	mutex_unlock(&register_mutex);
880 	return 0;
881 
882  __error:
883 	if (chip) {
884 		/* chip->active is inside the chip->card object,
885 		 * decrement before memory is possibly returned.
886 		 */
887 		atomic_dec(&chip->active);
888 		if (!chip->num_interfaces)
889 			snd_card_free(chip->card);
890 	}
891 	mutex_unlock(&register_mutex);
892 	return err;
893 }
894 
895 /*
896  * we need to take care of counter, since disconnection can be called also
897  * many times as well as usb_audio_probe().
898  */
899 static void usb_audio_disconnect(struct usb_interface *intf)
900 {
901 	struct snd_usb_audio *chip = usb_get_intfdata(intf);
902 	struct snd_card *card;
903 	struct list_head *p;
904 
905 	if (chip == USB_AUDIO_IFACE_UNUSED)
906 		return;
907 
908 	card = chip->card;
909 
910 	mutex_lock(&register_mutex);
911 	if (atomic_inc_return(&chip->shutdown) == 1) {
912 		struct snd_usb_stream *as;
913 		struct snd_usb_endpoint *ep;
914 		struct usb_mixer_interface *mixer;
915 
916 		/* wait until all pending tasks done;
917 		 * they are protected by snd_usb_lock_shutdown()
918 		 */
919 		wait_event(chip->shutdown_wait,
920 			   !atomic_read(&chip->usage_count));
921 		snd_card_disconnect(card);
922 		/* release the pcm resources */
923 		list_for_each_entry(as, &chip->pcm_list, list) {
924 			snd_usb_stream_disconnect(as);
925 		}
926 		/* release the endpoint resources */
927 		list_for_each_entry(ep, &chip->ep_list, list) {
928 			snd_usb_endpoint_release(ep);
929 		}
930 		/* release the midi resources */
931 		list_for_each(p, &chip->midi_list) {
932 			snd_usbmidi_disconnect(p);
933 		}
934 		/*
935 		 * Nice to check quirk && quirk->shares_media_device and
936 		 * then call the snd_media_device_delete(). Don't have
937 		 * access to the quirk here. snd_media_device_delete()
938 		 * accesses mixer_list
939 		 */
940 		snd_media_device_delete(chip);
941 
942 		/* release mixer resources */
943 		list_for_each_entry(mixer, &chip->mixer_list, list) {
944 			snd_usb_mixer_disconnect(mixer);
945 		}
946 	}
947 
948 	if (chip->quirk_flags & QUIRK_FLAG_DISABLE_AUTOSUSPEND)
949 		usb_enable_autosuspend(interface_to_usbdev(intf));
950 
951 	chip->num_interfaces--;
952 	if (chip->num_interfaces <= 0) {
953 		usb_chip[chip->index] = NULL;
954 		mutex_unlock(&register_mutex);
955 		snd_card_free_when_closed(card);
956 	} else {
957 		mutex_unlock(&register_mutex);
958 	}
959 }
960 
961 /* lock the shutdown (disconnect) task and autoresume */
962 int snd_usb_lock_shutdown(struct snd_usb_audio *chip)
963 {
964 	int err;
965 
966 	atomic_inc(&chip->usage_count);
967 	if (atomic_read(&chip->shutdown)) {
968 		err = -EIO;
969 		goto error;
970 	}
971 	err = snd_usb_autoresume(chip);
972 	if (err < 0)
973 		goto error;
974 	return 0;
975 
976  error:
977 	if (atomic_dec_and_test(&chip->usage_count))
978 		wake_up(&chip->shutdown_wait);
979 	return err;
980 }
981 
982 /* autosuspend and unlock the shutdown */
983 void snd_usb_unlock_shutdown(struct snd_usb_audio *chip)
984 {
985 	snd_usb_autosuspend(chip);
986 	if (atomic_dec_and_test(&chip->usage_count))
987 		wake_up(&chip->shutdown_wait);
988 }
989 
990 #ifdef CONFIG_PM
991 
992 int snd_usb_autoresume(struct snd_usb_audio *chip)
993 {
994 	int i, err;
995 
996 	if (atomic_read(&chip->shutdown))
997 		return -EIO;
998 	if (atomic_inc_return(&chip->active) != 1)
999 		return 0;
1000 
1001 	for (i = 0; i < chip->num_interfaces; i++) {
1002 		err = usb_autopm_get_interface(chip->intf[i]);
1003 		if (err < 0) {
1004 			/* rollback */
1005 			while (--i >= 0)
1006 				usb_autopm_put_interface(chip->intf[i]);
1007 			atomic_dec(&chip->active);
1008 			return err;
1009 		}
1010 	}
1011 	return 0;
1012 }
1013 
1014 void snd_usb_autosuspend(struct snd_usb_audio *chip)
1015 {
1016 	int i;
1017 
1018 	if (atomic_read(&chip->shutdown))
1019 		return;
1020 	if (!atomic_dec_and_test(&chip->active))
1021 		return;
1022 
1023 	for (i = 0; i < chip->num_interfaces; i++)
1024 		usb_autopm_put_interface(chip->intf[i]);
1025 }
1026 
1027 static int usb_audio_suspend(struct usb_interface *intf, pm_message_t message)
1028 {
1029 	struct snd_usb_audio *chip = usb_get_intfdata(intf);
1030 	struct snd_usb_stream *as;
1031 	struct snd_usb_endpoint *ep;
1032 	struct usb_mixer_interface *mixer;
1033 	struct list_head *p;
1034 
1035 	if (chip == USB_AUDIO_IFACE_UNUSED)
1036 		return 0;
1037 
1038 	if (!chip->num_suspended_intf++) {
1039 		list_for_each_entry(as, &chip->pcm_list, list)
1040 			snd_usb_pcm_suspend(as);
1041 		list_for_each_entry(ep, &chip->ep_list, list)
1042 			snd_usb_endpoint_suspend(ep);
1043 		list_for_each(p, &chip->midi_list)
1044 			snd_usbmidi_suspend(p);
1045 		list_for_each_entry(mixer, &chip->mixer_list, list)
1046 			snd_usb_mixer_suspend(mixer);
1047 	}
1048 
1049 	if (!PMSG_IS_AUTO(message) && !chip->system_suspend) {
1050 		snd_power_change_state(chip->card, SNDRV_CTL_POWER_D3hot);
1051 		chip->system_suspend = chip->num_suspended_intf;
1052 	}
1053 
1054 	return 0;
1055 }
1056 
1057 static int usb_audio_resume(struct usb_interface *intf)
1058 {
1059 	struct snd_usb_audio *chip = usb_get_intfdata(intf);
1060 	struct snd_usb_stream *as;
1061 	struct usb_mixer_interface *mixer;
1062 	struct list_head *p;
1063 	int err = 0;
1064 
1065 	if (chip == USB_AUDIO_IFACE_UNUSED)
1066 		return 0;
1067 
1068 	atomic_inc(&chip->active); /* avoid autopm */
1069 	if (chip->num_suspended_intf > 1)
1070 		goto out;
1071 
1072 	list_for_each_entry(as, &chip->pcm_list, list) {
1073 		err = snd_usb_pcm_resume(as);
1074 		if (err < 0)
1075 			goto err_out;
1076 	}
1077 
1078 	/*
1079 	 * ALSA leaves material resumption to user space
1080 	 * we just notify and restart the mixers
1081 	 */
1082 	list_for_each_entry(mixer, &chip->mixer_list, list) {
1083 		err = snd_usb_mixer_resume(mixer);
1084 		if (err < 0)
1085 			goto err_out;
1086 	}
1087 
1088 	list_for_each(p, &chip->midi_list) {
1089 		snd_usbmidi_resume(p);
1090 	}
1091 
1092  out:
1093 	if (chip->num_suspended_intf == chip->system_suspend) {
1094 		snd_power_change_state(chip->card, SNDRV_CTL_POWER_D0);
1095 		chip->system_suspend = 0;
1096 	}
1097 	chip->num_suspended_intf--;
1098 
1099 err_out:
1100 	atomic_dec(&chip->active); /* allow autopm after this point */
1101 	return err;
1102 }
1103 #else
1104 #define usb_audio_suspend	NULL
1105 #define usb_audio_resume	NULL
1106 #define usb_audio_resume	NULL
1107 #endif		/* CONFIG_PM */
1108 
1109 static const struct usb_device_id usb_audio_ids [] = {
1110 #include "quirks-table.h"
1111     { .match_flags = (USB_DEVICE_ID_MATCH_INT_CLASS | USB_DEVICE_ID_MATCH_INT_SUBCLASS),
1112       .bInterfaceClass = USB_CLASS_AUDIO,
1113       .bInterfaceSubClass = USB_SUBCLASS_AUDIOCONTROL },
1114     { }						/* Terminating entry */
1115 };
1116 MODULE_DEVICE_TABLE(usb, usb_audio_ids);
1117 
1118 /*
1119  * entry point for linux usb interface
1120  */
1121 
1122 static struct usb_driver usb_audio_driver = {
1123 	.name =		"snd-usb-audio",
1124 	.probe =	usb_audio_probe,
1125 	.disconnect =	usb_audio_disconnect,
1126 	.suspend =	usb_audio_suspend,
1127 	.resume =	usb_audio_resume,
1128 	.reset_resume =	usb_audio_resume,
1129 	.id_table =	usb_audio_ids,
1130 	.supports_autosuspend = 1,
1131 };
1132 
1133 module_usb_driver(usb_audio_driver);
1134