xref: /linux/sound/sound_core.c (revision fd639726bf15fca8ee1a00dce8e0096d0ad9bd18)
1 /*
2  *	Sound core.  This file is composed of two parts.  sound_class
3  *	which is common to both OSS and ALSA and OSS sound core which
4  *	is used OSS or emulation of it.
5  */
6 
7 /*
8  * First, the common part.
9  */
10 #include <linux/module.h>
11 #include <linux/device.h>
12 #include <linux/err.h>
13 #include <linux/kdev_t.h>
14 #include <linux/major.h>
15 #include <sound/core.h>
16 
17 #ifdef CONFIG_SOUND_OSS_CORE
18 static int __init init_oss_soundcore(void);
19 static void cleanup_oss_soundcore(void);
20 #else
21 static inline int init_oss_soundcore(void)	{ return 0; }
22 static inline void cleanup_oss_soundcore(void)	{ }
23 #endif
24 
25 struct class *sound_class;
26 EXPORT_SYMBOL(sound_class);
27 
28 MODULE_DESCRIPTION("Core sound module");
29 MODULE_AUTHOR("Alan Cox");
30 MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
31 
32 static char *sound_devnode(struct device *dev, umode_t *mode)
33 {
34 	if (MAJOR(dev->devt) == SOUND_MAJOR)
35 		return NULL;
36 	return kasprintf(GFP_KERNEL, "snd/%s", dev_name(dev));
37 }
38 
39 static int __init init_soundcore(void)
40 {
41 	int rc;
42 
43 	rc = init_oss_soundcore();
44 	if (rc)
45 		return rc;
46 
47 	sound_class = class_create(THIS_MODULE, "sound");
48 	if (IS_ERR(sound_class)) {
49 		cleanup_oss_soundcore();
50 		return PTR_ERR(sound_class);
51 	}
52 
53 	sound_class->devnode = sound_devnode;
54 
55 	return 0;
56 }
57 
58 static void __exit cleanup_soundcore(void)
59 {
60 	cleanup_oss_soundcore();
61 	class_destroy(sound_class);
62 }
63 
64 subsys_initcall(init_soundcore);
65 module_exit(cleanup_soundcore);
66 
67 
68 #ifdef CONFIG_SOUND_OSS_CORE
69 /*
70  *	OSS sound core handling. Breaks out sound functions to submodules
71  *
72  *	Author:		Alan Cox <alan@lxorguk.ukuu.org.uk>
73  *
74  *	Fixes:
75  *
76  *
77  *	This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
78  *	modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License
79  *	as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version
80  *	2 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
81  *
82  *                         --------------------
83  *
84  *	Top level handler for the sound subsystem. Various devices can
85  *	plug into this. The fact they don't all go via OSS doesn't mean
86  *	they don't have to implement the OSS API. There is a lot of logic
87  *	to keeping much of the OSS weight out of the code in a compatibility
88  *	module, but it's up to the driver to rember to load it...
89  *
90  *	The code provides a set of functions for registration of devices
91  *	by type. This is done rather than providing a single call so that
92  *	we can hide any future changes in the internals (eg when we go to
93  *	32bit dev_t) from the modules and their interface.
94  *
95  *	Secondly we need to allocate the dsp, dsp16 and audio devices as
96  *	one. Thus we misuse the chains a bit to simplify this.
97  *
98  *	Thirdly to make it more fun and for 2.3.x and above we do all
99  *	of this using fine grained locking.
100  *
101  *	FIXME: we have to resolve modules and fine grained load/unload
102  *	locking at some point in 2.3.x.
103  */
104 
105 #include <linux/init.h>
106 #include <linux/slab.h>
107 #include <linux/types.h>
108 #include <linux/kernel.h>
109 #include <linux/sound.h>
110 #include <linux/kmod.h>
111 
112 #define SOUND_STEP 16
113 
114 struct sound_unit
115 {
116 	int unit_minor;
117 	const struct file_operations *unit_fops;
118 	struct sound_unit *next;
119 	char name[32];
120 };
121 
122 #ifdef CONFIG_SOUND_MSNDCLAS
123 extern int msnd_classic_init(void);
124 #endif
125 #ifdef CONFIG_SOUND_MSNDPIN
126 extern int msnd_pinnacle_init(void);
127 #endif
128 
129 /*
130  * By default, OSS sound_core claims full legacy minor range (0-255)
131  * of SOUND_MAJOR to trap open attempts to any sound minor and
132  * requests modules using custom sound-slot/service-* module aliases.
133  * The only benefit of doing this is allowing use of custom module
134  * aliases instead of the standard char-major-* ones.  This behavior
135  * prevents alternative OSS implementation and is scheduled to be
136  * removed.
137  *
138  * CONFIG_SOUND_OSS_CORE_PRECLAIM and soundcore.preclaim_oss kernel
139  * parameter are added to allow distros and developers to try and
140  * switch to alternative implementations without needing to rebuild
141  * the kernel in the meantime.  If preclaim_oss is non-zero, the
142  * kernel will behave the same as before.  All SOUND_MAJOR minors are
143  * preclaimed and the custom module aliases along with standard chrdev
144  * ones are emitted if a missing device is opened.  If preclaim_oss is
145  * zero, sound_core only grabs what's actually in use and for missing
146  * devices only the standard chrdev aliases are requested.
147  *
148  * All these clutters are scheduled to be removed along with
149  * sound-slot/service-* module aliases.
150  */
151 #ifdef CONFIG_SOUND_OSS_CORE_PRECLAIM
152 static int preclaim_oss = 1;
153 #else
154 static int preclaim_oss = 0;
155 #endif
156 
157 module_param(preclaim_oss, int, 0444);
158 
159 static int soundcore_open(struct inode *, struct file *);
160 
161 static const struct file_operations soundcore_fops =
162 {
163 	/* We must have an owner or the module locking fails */
164 	.owner	= THIS_MODULE,
165 	.open	= soundcore_open,
166 	.llseek = noop_llseek,
167 };
168 
169 /*
170  *	Low level list operator. Scan the ordered list, find a hole and
171  *	join into it. Called with the lock asserted
172  */
173 
174 static int __sound_insert_unit(struct sound_unit * s, struct sound_unit **list, const struct file_operations *fops, int index, int low, int top)
175 {
176 	int n=low;
177 
178 	if (index < 0) {	/* first free */
179 
180 		while (*list && (*list)->unit_minor<n)
181 			list=&((*list)->next);
182 
183 		while(n<top)
184 		{
185 			/* Found a hole ? */
186 			if(*list==NULL || (*list)->unit_minor>n)
187 				break;
188 			list=&((*list)->next);
189 			n+=SOUND_STEP;
190 		}
191 
192 		if(n>=top)
193 			return -ENOENT;
194 	} else {
195 		n = low+(index*16);
196 		while (*list) {
197 			if ((*list)->unit_minor==n)
198 				return -EBUSY;
199 			if ((*list)->unit_minor>n)
200 				break;
201 			list=&((*list)->next);
202 		}
203 	}
204 
205 	/*
206 	 *	Fill it in
207 	 */
208 
209 	s->unit_minor=n;
210 	s->unit_fops=fops;
211 
212 	/*
213 	 *	Link it
214 	 */
215 
216 	s->next=*list;
217 	*list=s;
218 
219 
220 	return n;
221 }
222 
223 /*
224  *	Remove a node from the chain. Called with the lock asserted
225  */
226 
227 static struct sound_unit *__sound_remove_unit(struct sound_unit **list, int unit)
228 {
229 	while(*list)
230 	{
231 		struct sound_unit *p=*list;
232 		if(p->unit_minor==unit)
233 		{
234 			*list=p->next;
235 			return p;
236 		}
237 		list=&(p->next);
238 	}
239 	printk(KERN_ERR "Sound device %d went missing!\n", unit);
240 	return NULL;
241 }
242 
243 /*
244  *	This lock guards the sound loader list.
245  */
246 
247 static DEFINE_SPINLOCK(sound_loader_lock);
248 
249 /*
250  *	Allocate the controlling structure and add it to the sound driver
251  *	list. Acquires locks as needed
252  */
253 
254 static int sound_insert_unit(struct sound_unit **list, const struct file_operations *fops, int index, int low, int top, const char *name, umode_t mode, struct device *dev)
255 {
256 	struct sound_unit *s = kmalloc(sizeof(*s), GFP_KERNEL);
257 	int r;
258 
259 	if (!s)
260 		return -ENOMEM;
261 
262 	spin_lock(&sound_loader_lock);
263 retry:
264 	r = __sound_insert_unit(s, list, fops, index, low, top);
265 	spin_unlock(&sound_loader_lock);
266 
267 	if (r < 0)
268 		goto fail;
269 	else if (r < SOUND_STEP)
270 		sprintf(s->name, "sound/%s", name);
271 	else
272 		sprintf(s->name, "sound/%s%d", name, r / SOUND_STEP);
273 
274 	if (!preclaim_oss) {
275 		/*
276 		 * Something else might have grabbed the minor.  If
277 		 * first free slot is requested, rescan with @low set
278 		 * to the next unit; otherwise, -EBUSY.
279 		 */
280 		r = __register_chrdev(SOUND_MAJOR, s->unit_minor, 1, s->name,
281 				      &soundcore_fops);
282 		if (r < 0) {
283 			spin_lock(&sound_loader_lock);
284 			__sound_remove_unit(list, s->unit_minor);
285 			if (index < 0) {
286 				low = s->unit_minor + SOUND_STEP;
287 				goto retry;
288 			}
289 			spin_unlock(&sound_loader_lock);
290 			return -EBUSY;
291 		}
292 	}
293 
294 	device_create(sound_class, dev, MKDEV(SOUND_MAJOR, s->unit_minor),
295 		      NULL, "%s", s->name+6);
296 	return s->unit_minor;
297 
298 fail:
299 	kfree(s);
300 	return r;
301 }
302 
303 /*
304  *	Remove a unit. Acquires locks as needed. The drivers MUST have
305  *	completed the removal before their file operations become
306  *	invalid.
307  */
308 
309 static void sound_remove_unit(struct sound_unit **list, int unit)
310 {
311 	struct sound_unit *p;
312 
313 	spin_lock(&sound_loader_lock);
314 	p = __sound_remove_unit(list, unit);
315 	spin_unlock(&sound_loader_lock);
316 	if (p) {
317 		if (!preclaim_oss)
318 			__unregister_chrdev(SOUND_MAJOR, p->unit_minor, 1,
319 					    p->name);
320 		device_destroy(sound_class, MKDEV(SOUND_MAJOR, p->unit_minor));
321 		kfree(p);
322 	}
323 }
324 
325 /*
326  *	Allocations
327  *
328  *	0	*16		Mixers
329  *	1	*8		Sequencers
330  *	2	*16		Midi
331  *	3	*16		DSP
332  *	4	*16		SunDSP
333  *	5	*16		DSP16
334  *	6	--		sndstat (obsolete)
335  *	7	*16		unused
336  *	8	--		alternate sequencer (see above)
337  *	9	*16		raw synthesizer access
338  *	10	*16		unused
339  *	11	*16		unused
340  *	12	*16		unused
341  *	13	*16		unused
342  *	14	*16		unused
343  *	15	*16		unused
344  */
345 
346 static struct sound_unit *chains[SOUND_STEP];
347 
348 /**
349  *	register_sound_special_device - register a special sound node
350  *	@fops: File operations for the driver
351  *	@unit: Unit number to allocate
352  *      @dev: device pointer
353  *
354  *	Allocate a special sound device by minor number from the sound
355  *	subsystem.
356  *
357  *	Return: The allocated number is returned on success. On failure,
358  *	a negative error code is returned.
359  */
360 
361 int register_sound_special_device(const struct file_operations *fops, int unit,
362 				  struct device *dev)
363 {
364 	const int chain = unit % SOUND_STEP;
365 	int max_unit = 256;
366 	const char *name;
367 	char _name[16];
368 
369 	switch (chain) {
370 	    case 0:
371 		name = "mixer";
372 		break;
373 	    case 1:
374 		name = "sequencer";
375 		if (unit >= SOUND_STEP)
376 			goto __unknown;
377 		max_unit = unit + 1;
378 		break;
379 	    case 2:
380 		name = "midi";
381 		break;
382 	    case 3:
383 		name = "dsp";
384 		break;
385 	    case 4:
386 		name = "audio";
387 		break;
388 	    case 5:
389 		name = "dspW";
390 		break;
391 	    case 8:
392 		name = "sequencer2";
393 		if (unit >= SOUND_STEP)
394 			goto __unknown;
395 		max_unit = unit + 1;
396 		break;
397 	    case 9:
398 		name = "dmmidi";
399 		break;
400 	    case 10:
401 		name = "dmfm";
402 		break;
403 	    case 12:
404 		name = "adsp";
405 		break;
406 	    case 13:
407 		name = "amidi";
408 		break;
409 	    case 14:
410 		name = "admmidi";
411 		break;
412 	    default:
413 	    	{
414 		    __unknown:
415 			sprintf(_name, "unknown%d", chain);
416 		    	if (unit >= SOUND_STEP)
417 		    		strcat(_name, "-");
418 		    	name = _name;
419 		}
420 		break;
421 	}
422 	return sound_insert_unit(&chains[chain], fops, -1, unit, max_unit,
423 				 name, S_IRUSR | S_IWUSR, dev);
424 }
425 
426 EXPORT_SYMBOL(register_sound_special_device);
427 
428 int register_sound_special(const struct file_operations *fops, int unit)
429 {
430 	return register_sound_special_device(fops, unit, NULL);
431 }
432 
433 EXPORT_SYMBOL(register_sound_special);
434 
435 /**
436  *	register_sound_mixer - register a mixer device
437  *	@fops: File operations for the driver
438  *	@dev: Unit number to allocate
439  *
440  *	Allocate a mixer device. Unit is the number of the mixer requested.
441  *	Pass -1 to request the next free mixer unit.
442  *
443  *	Return: On success, the allocated number is returned. On failure,
444  *	a negative error code is returned.
445  */
446 
447 int register_sound_mixer(const struct file_operations *fops, int dev)
448 {
449 	return sound_insert_unit(&chains[0], fops, dev, 0, 128,
450 				 "mixer", S_IRUSR | S_IWUSR, NULL);
451 }
452 
453 EXPORT_SYMBOL(register_sound_mixer);
454 
455 /**
456  *	register_sound_midi - register a midi device
457  *	@fops: File operations for the driver
458  *	@dev: Unit number to allocate
459  *
460  *	Allocate a midi device. Unit is the number of the midi device requested.
461  *	Pass -1 to request the next free midi unit.
462  *
463  *	Return: On success, the allocated number is returned. On failure,
464  *	a negative error code is returned.
465  */
466 
467 int register_sound_midi(const struct file_operations *fops, int dev)
468 {
469 	return sound_insert_unit(&chains[2], fops, dev, 2, 130,
470 				 "midi", S_IRUSR | S_IWUSR, NULL);
471 }
472 
473 EXPORT_SYMBOL(register_sound_midi);
474 
475 /*
476  *	DSP's are registered as a triple. Register only one and cheat
477  *	in open - see below.
478  */
479 
480 /**
481  *	register_sound_dsp - register a DSP device
482  *	@fops: File operations for the driver
483  *	@dev: Unit number to allocate
484  *
485  *	Allocate a DSP device. Unit is the number of the DSP requested.
486  *	Pass -1 to request the next free DSP unit.
487  *
488  *	This function allocates both the audio and dsp device entries together
489  *	and will always allocate them as a matching pair - eg dsp3/audio3
490  *
491  *	Return: On success, the allocated number is returned. On failure,
492  *	a negative error code is returned.
493  */
494 
495 int register_sound_dsp(const struct file_operations *fops, int dev)
496 {
497 	return sound_insert_unit(&chains[3], fops, dev, 3, 131,
498 				 "dsp", S_IWUSR | S_IRUSR, NULL);
499 }
500 
501 EXPORT_SYMBOL(register_sound_dsp);
502 
503 /**
504  *	unregister_sound_special - unregister a special sound device
505  *	@unit: unit number to allocate
506  *
507  *	Release a sound device that was allocated with
508  *	register_sound_special(). The unit passed is the return value from
509  *	the register function.
510  */
511 
512 
513 void unregister_sound_special(int unit)
514 {
515 	sound_remove_unit(&chains[unit % SOUND_STEP], unit);
516 }
517 
518 EXPORT_SYMBOL(unregister_sound_special);
519 
520 /**
521  *	unregister_sound_mixer - unregister a mixer
522  *	@unit: unit number to allocate
523  *
524  *	Release a sound device that was allocated with register_sound_mixer().
525  *	The unit passed is the return value from the register function.
526  */
527 
528 void unregister_sound_mixer(int unit)
529 {
530 	sound_remove_unit(&chains[0], unit);
531 }
532 
533 EXPORT_SYMBOL(unregister_sound_mixer);
534 
535 /**
536  *	unregister_sound_midi - unregister a midi device
537  *	@unit: unit number to allocate
538  *
539  *	Release a sound device that was allocated with register_sound_midi().
540  *	The unit passed is the return value from the register function.
541  */
542 
543 void unregister_sound_midi(int unit)
544 {
545 	sound_remove_unit(&chains[2], unit);
546 }
547 
548 EXPORT_SYMBOL(unregister_sound_midi);
549 
550 /**
551  *	unregister_sound_dsp - unregister a DSP device
552  *	@unit: unit number to allocate
553  *
554  *	Release a sound device that was allocated with register_sound_dsp().
555  *	The unit passed is the return value from the register function.
556  *
557  *	Both of the allocated units are released together automatically.
558  */
559 
560 void unregister_sound_dsp(int unit)
561 {
562 	sound_remove_unit(&chains[3], unit);
563 }
564 
565 
566 EXPORT_SYMBOL(unregister_sound_dsp);
567 
568 static struct sound_unit *__look_for_unit(int chain, int unit)
569 {
570 	struct sound_unit *s;
571 
572 	s=chains[chain];
573 	while(s && s->unit_minor <= unit)
574 	{
575 		if(s->unit_minor==unit)
576 			return s;
577 		s=s->next;
578 	}
579 	return NULL;
580 }
581 
582 static int soundcore_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
583 {
584 	int chain;
585 	int unit = iminor(inode);
586 	struct sound_unit *s;
587 	const struct file_operations *new_fops = NULL;
588 
589 	chain=unit&0x0F;
590 	if(chain==4 || chain==5)	/* dsp/audio/dsp16 */
591 	{
592 		unit&=0xF0;
593 		unit|=3;
594 		chain=3;
595 	}
596 
597 	spin_lock(&sound_loader_lock);
598 	s = __look_for_unit(chain, unit);
599 	if (s)
600 		new_fops = fops_get(s->unit_fops);
601 	if (preclaim_oss && !new_fops) {
602 		spin_unlock(&sound_loader_lock);
603 
604 		/*
605 		 *  Please, don't change this order or code.
606 		 *  For ALSA slot means soundcard and OSS emulation code
607 		 *  comes as add-on modules which aren't depend on
608 		 *  ALSA toplevel modules for soundcards, thus we need
609 		 *  load them at first.	  [Jaroslav Kysela <perex@jcu.cz>]
610 		 */
611 		request_module("sound-slot-%i", unit>>4);
612 		request_module("sound-service-%i-%i", unit>>4, chain);
613 
614 		/*
615 		 * sound-slot/service-* module aliases are scheduled
616 		 * for removal in favor of the standard char-major-*
617 		 * module aliases.  For the time being, generate both
618 		 * the legacy and standard module aliases to ease
619 		 * transition.
620 		 */
621 		if (request_module("char-major-%d-%d", SOUND_MAJOR, unit) > 0)
622 			request_module("char-major-%d", SOUND_MAJOR);
623 
624 		spin_lock(&sound_loader_lock);
625 		s = __look_for_unit(chain, unit);
626 		if (s)
627 			new_fops = fops_get(s->unit_fops);
628 	}
629 	spin_unlock(&sound_loader_lock);
630 	if (new_fops) {
631 		/*
632 		 * We rely upon the fact that we can't be unloaded while the
633 		 * subdriver is there.
634 		 */
635 		int err = 0;
636 		replace_fops(file, new_fops);
637 
638 		if (file->f_op->open)
639 			err = file->f_op->open(inode,file);
640 
641 		return err;
642 	}
643 	return -ENODEV;
644 }
645 
646 MODULE_ALIAS_CHARDEV_MAJOR(SOUND_MAJOR);
647 
648 static void cleanup_oss_soundcore(void)
649 {
650 	/* We have nothing to really do here - we know the lists must be
651 	   empty */
652 	unregister_chrdev(SOUND_MAJOR, "sound");
653 }
654 
655 static int __init init_oss_soundcore(void)
656 {
657 	if (preclaim_oss &&
658 	    register_chrdev(SOUND_MAJOR, "sound", &soundcore_fops) < 0) {
659 		printk(KERN_ERR "soundcore: sound device already in use.\n");
660 		return -EBUSY;
661 	}
662 
663 	return 0;
664 }
665 
666 #endif /* CONFIG_SOUND_OSS_CORE */
667