xref: /linux/sound/pcmcia/vx/vxp_ops.c (revision c0c914eca7f251c70facc37dfebeaf176601918d)
1 /*
2  * Driver for Digigram VXpocket soundcards
3  *
4  * lowlevel routines for VXpocket soundcards
5  *
6  * Copyright (c) 2002 by Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de>
7  *
8  *   This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
9  *   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
10  *   the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
11  *   (at your option) any later version.
12  *
13  *   This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
14  *   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
15  *   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
16  *   GNU General Public License for more details.
17  *
18  *   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
19  *   along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
20  *   Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307 USA
21  */
22 
23 #include <linux/delay.h>
24 #include <linux/device.h>
25 #include <linux/firmware.h>
26 #include <linux/io.h>
27 #include <sound/core.h>
28 #include "vxpocket.h"
29 
30 
31 static int vxp_reg_offset[VX_REG_MAX] = {
32 	[VX_ICR]	= 0x00,		// ICR
33 	[VX_CVR]	= 0x01,		// CVR
34 	[VX_ISR]	= 0x02,		// ISR
35 	[VX_IVR]	= 0x03,		// IVR
36 	[VX_RXH]	= 0x05,		// RXH
37 	[VX_RXM]	= 0x06,		// RXM
38 	[VX_RXL]	= 0x07,		// RXL
39 	[VX_DMA]	= 0x04,		// DMA
40 	[VX_CDSP]	= 0x08,		// CDSP
41 	[VX_LOFREQ]	= 0x09,		// LFREQ
42 	[VX_HIFREQ]	= 0x0a,		// HFREQ
43 	[VX_DATA]	= 0x0b,		// DATA
44 	[VX_MICRO]	= 0x0c,		// MICRO
45 	[VX_DIALOG]	= 0x0d,		// DIALOG
46 	[VX_CSUER]	= 0x0e,		// CSUER
47 	[VX_RUER]	= 0x0f,		// RUER
48 };
49 
50 
51 static inline unsigned long vxp_reg_addr(struct vx_core *_chip, int reg)
52 {
53 	struct snd_vxpocket *chip = (struct snd_vxpocket *)_chip;
54 	return chip->port + vxp_reg_offset[reg];
55 }
56 
57 /*
58  * snd_vx_inb - read a byte from the register
59  * @offset: register offset
60  */
61 static unsigned char vxp_inb(struct vx_core *chip, int offset)
62 {
63 	return inb(vxp_reg_addr(chip, offset));
64 }
65 
66 /*
67  * snd_vx_outb - write a byte on the register
68  * @offset: the register offset
69  * @val: the value to write
70  */
71 static void vxp_outb(struct vx_core *chip, int offset, unsigned char val)
72 {
73 	outb(val, vxp_reg_addr(chip, offset));
74 }
75 
76 /*
77  * redefine macros to call directly
78  */
79 #undef vx_inb
80 #define vx_inb(chip,reg)	vxp_inb((struct vx_core *)(chip), VX_##reg)
81 #undef vx_outb
82 #define vx_outb(chip,reg,val)	vxp_outb((struct vx_core *)(chip), VX_##reg,val)
83 
84 
85 /*
86  * vx_check_magic - check the magic word on xilinx
87  *
88  * returns zero if a magic word is detected, or a negative error code.
89  */
90 static int vx_check_magic(struct vx_core *chip)
91 {
92 	unsigned long end_time = jiffies + HZ / 5;
93 	int c;
94 	do {
95 		c = vx_inb(chip, CDSP);
96 		if (c == CDSP_MAGIC)
97 			return 0;
98 		msleep(10);
99 	} while (time_after_eq(end_time, jiffies));
100 	snd_printk(KERN_ERR "cannot find xilinx magic word (%x)\n", c);
101 	return -EIO;
102 }
103 
104 
105 /*
106  * vx_reset_dsp - reset the DSP
107  */
108 
109 #define XX_DSP_RESET_WAIT_TIME		2	/* ms */
110 
111 static void vxp_reset_dsp(struct vx_core *_chip)
112 {
113 	struct snd_vxpocket *chip = (struct snd_vxpocket *)_chip;
114 
115 	/* set the reset dsp bit to 1 */
116 	vx_outb(chip, CDSP, chip->regCDSP | VXP_CDSP_DSP_RESET_MASK);
117 	vx_inb(chip, CDSP);
118 	mdelay(XX_DSP_RESET_WAIT_TIME);
119 	/* reset the bit */
120 	chip->regCDSP &= ~VXP_CDSP_DSP_RESET_MASK;
121 	vx_outb(chip, CDSP, chip->regCDSP);
122 	vx_inb(chip, CDSP);
123 	mdelay(XX_DSP_RESET_WAIT_TIME);
124 }
125 
126 /*
127  * reset codec bit
128  */
129 static void vxp_reset_codec(struct vx_core *_chip)
130 {
131 	struct snd_vxpocket *chip = (struct snd_vxpocket *)_chip;
132 
133 	/* Set the reset CODEC bit to 1. */
134 	vx_outb(chip, CDSP, chip->regCDSP | VXP_CDSP_CODEC_RESET_MASK);
135 	vx_inb(chip, CDSP);
136 	msleep(10);
137 	/* Set the reset CODEC bit to 0. */
138 	chip->regCDSP &= ~VXP_CDSP_CODEC_RESET_MASK;
139 	vx_outb(chip, CDSP, chip->regCDSP);
140 	vx_inb(chip, CDSP);
141 	msleep(1);
142 }
143 
144 /*
145  * vx_load_xilinx_binary - load the xilinx binary image
146  * the binary image is the binary array converted from the bitstream file.
147  */
148 static int vxp_load_xilinx_binary(struct vx_core *_chip, const struct firmware *fw)
149 {
150 	struct snd_vxpocket *chip = (struct snd_vxpocket *)_chip;
151 	unsigned int i;
152 	int c;
153 	int regCSUER, regRUER;
154 	const unsigned char *image;
155 	unsigned char data;
156 
157 	/* Switch to programmation mode */
158 	chip->regDIALOG |= VXP_DLG_XILINX_REPROG_MASK;
159 	vx_outb(chip, DIALOG, chip->regDIALOG);
160 
161 	/* Save register CSUER and RUER */
162 	regCSUER = vx_inb(chip, CSUER);
163 	regRUER = vx_inb(chip, RUER);
164 
165 	/* reset HF0 and HF1 */
166 	vx_outb(chip, ICR, 0);
167 
168 	/* Wait for answer HF2 equal to 1 */
169 	snd_printdd(KERN_DEBUG "check ISR_HF2\n");
170 	if (vx_check_isr(_chip, ISR_HF2, ISR_HF2, 20) < 0)
171 		goto _error;
172 
173 	/* set HF1 for loading xilinx binary */
174 	vx_outb(chip, ICR, ICR_HF1);
175 	image = fw->data;
176 	for (i = 0; i < fw->size; i++, image++) {
177 		data = *image;
178 		if (vx_wait_isr_bit(_chip, ISR_TX_EMPTY) < 0)
179 			goto _error;
180 		vx_outb(chip, TXL, data);
181 		/* wait for reading */
182 		if (vx_wait_for_rx_full(_chip) < 0)
183 			goto _error;
184 		c = vx_inb(chip, RXL);
185 		if (c != (int)data)
186 			snd_printk(KERN_ERR "vxpocket: load xilinx mismatch at %d: 0x%x != 0x%x\n", i, c, (int)data);
187         }
188 
189 	/* reset HF1 */
190 	vx_outb(chip, ICR, 0);
191 
192 	/* wait for HF3 */
193 	if (vx_check_isr(_chip, ISR_HF3, ISR_HF3, 20) < 0)
194 		goto _error;
195 
196 	/* read the number of bytes received */
197 	if (vx_wait_for_rx_full(_chip) < 0)
198 		goto _error;
199 
200 	c = (int)vx_inb(chip, RXH) << 16;
201 	c |= (int)vx_inb(chip, RXM) << 8;
202 	c |= vx_inb(chip, RXL);
203 
204 	snd_printdd(KERN_DEBUG "xilinx: dsp size received 0x%x, orig 0x%Zx\n", c, fw->size);
205 
206 	vx_outb(chip, ICR, ICR_HF0);
207 
208 	/* TEMPO 250ms : wait until Xilinx is downloaded */
209 	msleep(300);
210 
211 	/* test magical word */
212 	if (vx_check_magic(_chip) < 0)
213 		goto _error;
214 
215 	/* Restore register 0x0E and 0x0F (thus replacing COR and FCSR) */
216 	vx_outb(chip, CSUER, regCSUER);
217 	vx_outb(chip, RUER, regRUER);
218 
219 	/* Reset the Xilinx's signal enabling IO access */
220 	chip->regDIALOG |= VXP_DLG_XILINX_REPROG_MASK;
221 	vx_outb(chip, DIALOG, chip->regDIALOG);
222 	vx_inb(chip, DIALOG);
223 	msleep(10);
224 	chip->regDIALOG &= ~VXP_DLG_XILINX_REPROG_MASK;
225 	vx_outb(chip, DIALOG, chip->regDIALOG);
226 	vx_inb(chip, DIALOG);
227 
228 	/* Reset of the Codec */
229 	vxp_reset_codec(_chip);
230 	vx_reset_dsp(_chip);
231 
232 	return 0;
233 
234  _error:
235 	vx_outb(chip, CSUER, regCSUER);
236 	vx_outb(chip, RUER, regRUER);
237 	chip->regDIALOG &= ~VXP_DLG_XILINX_REPROG_MASK;
238 	vx_outb(chip, DIALOG, chip->regDIALOG);
239 	return -EIO;
240 }
241 
242 
243 /*
244  * vxp_load_dsp - load_dsp callback
245  */
246 static int vxp_load_dsp(struct vx_core *vx, int index, const struct firmware *fw)
247 {
248 	int err;
249 
250 	switch (index) {
251 	case 0:
252 		/* xilinx boot */
253 		if ((err = vx_check_magic(vx)) < 0)
254 			return err;
255 		if ((err = snd_vx_load_boot_image(vx, fw)) < 0)
256 			return err;
257 		return 0;
258 	case 1:
259 		/* xilinx image */
260 		return vxp_load_xilinx_binary(vx, fw);
261 	case 2:
262 		/* DSP boot */
263 		return snd_vx_dsp_boot(vx, fw);
264 	case 3:
265 		/* DSP image */
266 		return snd_vx_dsp_load(vx, fw);
267 	default:
268 		snd_BUG();
269 		return -EINVAL;
270 	}
271 }
272 
273 
274 /*
275  * vx_test_and_ack - test and acknowledge interrupt
276  *
277  * called from irq hander, too
278  *
279  * spinlock held!
280  */
281 static int vxp_test_and_ack(struct vx_core *_chip)
282 {
283 	struct snd_vxpocket *chip = (struct snd_vxpocket *)_chip;
284 
285 	/* not booted yet? */
286 	if (! (_chip->chip_status & VX_STAT_XILINX_LOADED))
287 		return -ENXIO;
288 
289 	if (! (vx_inb(chip, DIALOG) & VXP_DLG_MEMIRQ_MASK))
290 		return -EIO;
291 
292 	/* ok, interrupts generated, now ack it */
293 	/* set ACQUIT bit up and down */
294 	vx_outb(chip, DIALOG, chip->regDIALOG | VXP_DLG_ACK_MEMIRQ_MASK);
295 	/* useless read just to spend some time and maintain
296 	 * the ACQUIT signal up for a while ( a bus cycle )
297 	 */
298 	vx_inb(chip, DIALOG);
299 	vx_outb(chip, DIALOG, chip->regDIALOG & ~VXP_DLG_ACK_MEMIRQ_MASK);
300 
301 	return 0;
302 }
303 
304 
305 /*
306  * vx_validate_irq - enable/disable IRQ
307  */
308 static void vxp_validate_irq(struct vx_core *_chip, int enable)
309 {
310 	struct snd_vxpocket *chip = (struct snd_vxpocket *)_chip;
311 
312 	/* Set the interrupt enable bit to 1 in CDSP register */
313 	if (enable)
314 		chip->regCDSP |= VXP_CDSP_VALID_IRQ_MASK;
315 	else
316 		chip->regCDSP &= ~VXP_CDSP_VALID_IRQ_MASK;
317 	vx_outb(chip, CDSP, chip->regCDSP);
318 }
319 
320 /*
321  * vx_setup_pseudo_dma - set up the pseudo dma read/write mode.
322  * @do_write: 0 = read, 1 = set up for DMA write
323  */
324 static void vx_setup_pseudo_dma(struct vx_core *_chip, int do_write)
325 {
326 	struct snd_vxpocket *chip = (struct snd_vxpocket *)_chip;
327 
328 	/* Interrupt mode and HREQ pin enabled for host transmit / receive data transfers */
329 	vx_outb(chip, ICR, do_write ? ICR_TREQ : ICR_RREQ);
330 	/* Reset the pseudo-dma register */
331 	vx_inb(chip, ISR);
332 	vx_outb(chip, ISR, 0);
333 
334 	/* Select DMA in read/write transfer mode and in 16-bit accesses */
335 	chip->regDIALOG |= VXP_DLG_DMA16_SEL_MASK;
336 	chip->regDIALOG |= do_write ? VXP_DLG_DMAWRITE_SEL_MASK : VXP_DLG_DMAREAD_SEL_MASK;
337 	vx_outb(chip, DIALOG, chip->regDIALOG);
338 
339 }
340 
341 /*
342  * vx_release_pseudo_dma - disable the pseudo-DMA mode
343  */
344 static void vx_release_pseudo_dma(struct vx_core *_chip)
345 {
346 	struct snd_vxpocket *chip = (struct snd_vxpocket *)_chip;
347 
348 	/* Disable DMA and 16-bit accesses */
349 	chip->regDIALOG &= ~(VXP_DLG_DMAWRITE_SEL_MASK|
350 			     VXP_DLG_DMAREAD_SEL_MASK|
351 			     VXP_DLG_DMA16_SEL_MASK);
352 	vx_outb(chip, DIALOG, chip->regDIALOG);
353 	/* HREQ pin disabled. */
354 	vx_outb(chip, ICR, 0);
355 }
356 
357 /*
358  * vx_pseudo_dma_write - write bulk data on pseudo-DMA mode
359  * @count: data length to transfer in bytes
360  *
361  * data size must be aligned to 6 bytes to ensure the 24bit alignment on DSP.
362  * NB: call with a certain lock!
363  */
364 static void vxp_dma_write(struct vx_core *chip, struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime,
365 			  struct vx_pipe *pipe, int count)
366 {
367 	long port = vxp_reg_addr(chip, VX_DMA);
368 	int offset = pipe->hw_ptr;
369 	unsigned short *addr = (unsigned short *)(runtime->dma_area + offset);
370 
371 	vx_setup_pseudo_dma(chip, 1);
372 	if (offset + count > pipe->buffer_bytes) {
373 		int length = pipe->buffer_bytes - offset;
374 		count -= length;
375 		length >>= 1; /* in 16bit words */
376 		/* Transfer using pseudo-dma. */
377 		while (length-- > 0) {
378 			outw(cpu_to_le16(*addr), port);
379 			addr++;
380 		}
381 		addr = (unsigned short *)runtime->dma_area;
382 		pipe->hw_ptr = 0;
383 	}
384 	pipe->hw_ptr += count;
385 	count >>= 1; /* in 16bit words */
386 	/* Transfer using pseudo-dma. */
387 	while (count-- > 0) {
388 		outw(cpu_to_le16(*addr), port);
389 		addr++;
390 	}
391 	vx_release_pseudo_dma(chip);
392 }
393 
394 
395 /*
396  * vx_pseudo_dma_read - read bulk data on pseudo DMA mode
397  * @offset: buffer offset in bytes
398  * @count: data length to transfer in bytes
399  *
400  * the read length must be aligned to 6 bytes, as well as write.
401  * NB: call with a certain lock!
402  */
403 static void vxp_dma_read(struct vx_core *chip, struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime,
404 			 struct vx_pipe *pipe, int count)
405 {
406 	struct snd_vxpocket *pchip = (struct snd_vxpocket *)chip;
407 	long port = vxp_reg_addr(chip, VX_DMA);
408 	int offset = pipe->hw_ptr;
409 	unsigned short *addr = (unsigned short *)(runtime->dma_area + offset);
410 
411 	if (snd_BUG_ON(count % 2))
412 		return;
413 	vx_setup_pseudo_dma(chip, 0);
414 	if (offset + count > pipe->buffer_bytes) {
415 		int length = pipe->buffer_bytes - offset;
416 		count -= length;
417 		length >>= 1; /* in 16bit words */
418 		/* Transfer using pseudo-dma. */
419 		while (length-- > 0)
420 			*addr++ = le16_to_cpu(inw(port));
421 		addr = (unsigned short *)runtime->dma_area;
422 		pipe->hw_ptr = 0;
423 	}
424 	pipe->hw_ptr += count;
425 	count >>= 1; /* in 16bit words */
426 	/* Transfer using pseudo-dma. */
427 	while (count-- > 1)
428 		*addr++ = le16_to_cpu(inw(port));
429 	/* Disable DMA */
430 	pchip->regDIALOG &= ~VXP_DLG_DMAREAD_SEL_MASK;
431 	vx_outb(chip, DIALOG, pchip->regDIALOG);
432 	/* Read the last word (16 bits) */
433 	*addr = le16_to_cpu(inw(port));
434 	/* Disable 16-bit accesses */
435 	pchip->regDIALOG &= ~VXP_DLG_DMA16_SEL_MASK;
436 	vx_outb(chip, DIALOG, pchip->regDIALOG);
437 	/* HREQ pin disabled. */
438 	vx_outb(chip, ICR, 0);
439 }
440 
441 
442 /*
443  * write a codec data (24bit)
444  */
445 static void vxp_write_codec_reg(struct vx_core *chip, int codec, unsigned int data)
446 {
447 	int i;
448 
449 	/* Activate access to the corresponding codec register */
450 	if (! codec)
451 		vx_inb(chip, LOFREQ);
452 	else
453 		vx_inb(chip, CODEC2);
454 
455 	/* We have to send 24 bits (3 x 8 bits). Start with most signif. Bit */
456 	for (i = 0; i < 24; i++, data <<= 1)
457 		vx_outb(chip, DATA, ((data & 0x800000) ? VX_DATA_CODEC_MASK : 0));
458 
459 	/* Terminate access to codec registers */
460 	vx_inb(chip, HIFREQ);
461 }
462 
463 
464 /*
465  * vx_set_mic_boost - set mic boost level (on vxp440 only)
466  * @boost: 0 = 20dB, 1 = +38dB
467  */
468 void vx_set_mic_boost(struct vx_core *chip, int boost)
469 {
470 	struct snd_vxpocket *pchip = (struct snd_vxpocket *)chip;
471 
472 	if (chip->chip_status & VX_STAT_IS_STALE)
473 		return;
474 
475 	mutex_lock(&chip->lock);
476 	if (pchip->regCDSP & P24_CDSP_MICS_SEL_MASK) {
477 		if (boost) {
478 			/* boost: 38 dB */
479 			pchip->regCDSP &= ~P24_CDSP_MIC20_SEL_MASK;
480 			pchip->regCDSP |=  P24_CDSP_MIC38_SEL_MASK;
481 		} else {
482 			/* minimum value: 20 dB */
483 			pchip->regCDSP |=  P24_CDSP_MIC20_SEL_MASK;
484 			pchip->regCDSP &= ~P24_CDSP_MIC38_SEL_MASK;
485                 }
486 		vx_outb(chip, CDSP, pchip->regCDSP);
487 	}
488 	mutex_unlock(&chip->lock);
489 }
490 
491 /*
492  * remap the linear value (0-8) to the actual value (0-15)
493  */
494 static int vx_compute_mic_level(int level)
495 {
496 	switch (level) {
497 	case 5: level = 6 ; break;
498 	case 6: level = 8 ; break;
499 	case 7: level = 11; break;
500 	case 8: level = 15; break;
501 	default: break ;
502 	}
503 	return level;
504 }
505 
506 /*
507  * vx_set_mic_level - set mic level (on vxpocket only)
508  * @level: the mic level = 0 - 8 (max)
509  */
510 void vx_set_mic_level(struct vx_core *chip, int level)
511 {
512 	struct snd_vxpocket *pchip = (struct snd_vxpocket *)chip;
513 
514 	if (chip->chip_status & VX_STAT_IS_STALE)
515 		return;
516 
517 	mutex_lock(&chip->lock);
518 	if (pchip->regCDSP & VXP_CDSP_MIC_SEL_MASK) {
519 		level = vx_compute_mic_level(level);
520 		vx_outb(chip, MICRO, level);
521 	}
522 	mutex_unlock(&chip->lock);
523 }
524 
525 
526 /*
527  * change the input audio source
528  */
529 static void vxp_change_audio_source(struct vx_core *_chip, int src)
530 {
531 	struct snd_vxpocket *chip = (struct snd_vxpocket *)_chip;
532 
533 	switch (src) {
534 	case VX_AUDIO_SRC_DIGITAL:
535 		chip->regCDSP |= VXP_CDSP_DATAIN_SEL_MASK;
536 		vx_outb(chip, CDSP, chip->regCDSP);
537 		break;
538 	case VX_AUDIO_SRC_LINE:
539 		chip->regCDSP &= ~VXP_CDSP_DATAIN_SEL_MASK;
540 		if (_chip->type == VX_TYPE_VXP440)
541 			chip->regCDSP &= ~P24_CDSP_MICS_SEL_MASK;
542 		else
543 			chip->regCDSP &= ~VXP_CDSP_MIC_SEL_MASK;
544 		vx_outb(chip, CDSP, chip->regCDSP);
545 		break;
546 	case VX_AUDIO_SRC_MIC:
547 		chip->regCDSP &= ~VXP_CDSP_DATAIN_SEL_MASK;
548 		/* reset mic levels */
549 		if (_chip->type == VX_TYPE_VXP440) {
550 			chip->regCDSP &= ~P24_CDSP_MICS_SEL_MASK;
551 			if (chip->mic_level)
552 				chip->regCDSP |=  P24_CDSP_MIC38_SEL_MASK;
553 			else
554 				chip->regCDSP |= P24_CDSP_MIC20_SEL_MASK;
555 			vx_outb(chip, CDSP, chip->regCDSP);
556 		} else {
557 			chip->regCDSP |= VXP_CDSP_MIC_SEL_MASK;
558 			vx_outb(chip, CDSP, chip->regCDSP);
559 			vx_outb(chip, MICRO, vx_compute_mic_level(chip->mic_level));
560 		}
561 		break;
562 	}
563 }
564 
565 /*
566  * change the clock source
567  * source = INTERNAL_QUARTZ or UER_SYNC
568  */
569 static void vxp_set_clock_source(struct vx_core *_chip, int source)
570 {
571 	struct snd_vxpocket *chip = (struct snd_vxpocket *)_chip;
572 
573 	if (source == INTERNAL_QUARTZ)
574 		chip->regCDSP &= ~VXP_CDSP_CLOCKIN_SEL_MASK;
575 	else
576 		chip->regCDSP |= VXP_CDSP_CLOCKIN_SEL_MASK;
577 	vx_outb(chip, CDSP, chip->regCDSP);
578 }
579 
580 
581 /*
582  * reset the board
583  */
584 static void vxp_reset_board(struct vx_core *_chip, int cold_reset)
585 {
586 	struct snd_vxpocket *chip = (struct snd_vxpocket *)_chip;
587 
588 	chip->regCDSP = 0;
589 	chip->regDIALOG = 0;
590 }
591 
592 
593 /*
594  * callbacks
595  */
596 /* exported */
597 struct snd_vx_ops snd_vxpocket_ops = {
598 	.in8 = vxp_inb,
599 	.out8 = vxp_outb,
600 	.test_and_ack = vxp_test_and_ack,
601 	.validate_irq = vxp_validate_irq,
602 	.write_codec = vxp_write_codec_reg,
603 	.reset_codec = vxp_reset_codec,
604 	.change_audio_source = vxp_change_audio_source,
605 	.set_clock_source = vxp_set_clock_source,
606 	.load_dsp = vxp_load_dsp,
607 	.add_controls = vxp_add_mic_controls,
608 	.reset_dsp = vxp_reset_dsp,
609 	.reset_board = vxp_reset_board,
610 	.dma_write = vxp_dma_write,
611 	.dma_read = vxp_dma_read,
612 };
613