xref: /linux/security/device_cgroup.c (revision 2d6ffcca623a9a16df6cdfbe8250b7a5904a5f5e)
1 /*
2  * dev_cgroup.c - device cgroup subsystem
3  *
4  * Copyright 2007 IBM Corp
5  */
6 
7 #include <linux/device_cgroup.h>
8 #include <linux/cgroup.h>
9 #include <linux/ctype.h>
10 #include <linux/list.h>
11 #include <linux/uaccess.h>
12 #include <linux/seq_file.h>
13 
14 #define ACC_MKNOD 1
15 #define ACC_READ  2
16 #define ACC_WRITE 4
17 #define ACC_MASK (ACC_MKNOD | ACC_READ | ACC_WRITE)
18 
19 #define DEV_BLOCK 1
20 #define DEV_CHAR  2
21 #define DEV_ALL   4  /* this represents all devices */
22 
23 /*
24  * whitelist locking rules:
25  * cgroup_lock() cannot be taken under dev_cgroup->lock.
26  * dev_cgroup->lock can be taken with or without cgroup_lock().
27  *
28  * modifications always require cgroup_lock
29  * modifications to a list which is visible require the
30  *   dev_cgroup->lock *and* cgroup_lock()
31  * walking the list requires dev_cgroup->lock or cgroup_lock().
32  *
33  * reasoning: dev_whitelist_copy() needs to kmalloc, so needs
34  *   a mutex, which the cgroup_lock() is.  Since modifying
35  *   a visible list requires both locks, either lock can be
36  *   taken for walking the list.
37  */
38 
39 struct dev_whitelist_item {
40 	u32 major, minor;
41 	short type;
42 	short access;
43 	struct list_head list;
44 };
45 
46 struct dev_cgroup {
47 	struct cgroup_subsys_state css;
48 	struct list_head whitelist;
49 	spinlock_t lock;
50 };
51 
52 static inline struct dev_cgroup *css_to_devcgroup(struct cgroup_subsys_state *s)
53 {
54 	return container_of(s, struct dev_cgroup, css);
55 }
56 
57 static inline struct dev_cgroup *cgroup_to_devcgroup(struct cgroup *cgroup)
58 {
59 	return css_to_devcgroup(cgroup_subsys_state(cgroup, devices_subsys_id));
60 }
61 
62 struct cgroup_subsys devices_subsys;
63 
64 static int devcgroup_can_attach(struct cgroup_subsys *ss,
65 		struct cgroup *new_cgroup, struct task_struct *task)
66 {
67 	if (current != task && !capable(CAP_SYS_ADMIN))
68 			return -EPERM;
69 
70 	return 0;
71 }
72 
73 /*
74  * called under cgroup_lock()
75  */
76 static int dev_whitelist_copy(struct list_head *dest, struct list_head *orig)
77 {
78 	struct dev_whitelist_item *wh, *tmp, *new;
79 
80 	list_for_each_entry(wh, orig, list) {
81 		new = kmalloc(sizeof(*wh), GFP_KERNEL);
82 		if (!new)
83 			goto free_and_exit;
84 		new->major = wh->major;
85 		new->minor = wh->minor;
86 		new->type = wh->type;
87 		new->access = wh->access;
88 		list_add_tail(&new->list, dest);
89 	}
90 
91 	return 0;
92 
93 free_and_exit:
94 	list_for_each_entry_safe(wh, tmp, dest, list) {
95 		list_del(&wh->list);
96 		kfree(wh);
97 	}
98 	return -ENOMEM;
99 }
100 
101 /* Stupid prototype - don't bother combining existing entries */
102 /*
103  * called under cgroup_lock()
104  * since the list is visible to other tasks, we need the spinlock also
105  */
106 static int dev_whitelist_add(struct dev_cgroup *dev_cgroup,
107 			struct dev_whitelist_item *wh)
108 {
109 	struct dev_whitelist_item *whcopy, *walk;
110 
111 	whcopy = kmalloc(sizeof(*whcopy), GFP_KERNEL);
112 	if (!whcopy)
113 		return -ENOMEM;
114 
115 	memcpy(whcopy, wh, sizeof(*whcopy));
116 	spin_lock(&dev_cgroup->lock);
117 	list_for_each_entry(walk, &dev_cgroup->whitelist, list) {
118 		if (walk->type != wh->type)
119 			continue;
120 		if (walk->major != wh->major)
121 			continue;
122 		if (walk->minor != wh->minor)
123 			continue;
124 
125 		walk->access |= wh->access;
126 		kfree(whcopy);
127 		whcopy = NULL;
128 	}
129 
130 	if (whcopy != NULL)
131 		list_add_tail(&whcopy->list, &dev_cgroup->whitelist);
132 	spin_unlock(&dev_cgroup->lock);
133 	return 0;
134 }
135 
136 /*
137  * called under cgroup_lock()
138  * since the list is visible to other tasks, we need the spinlock also
139  */
140 static void dev_whitelist_rm(struct dev_cgroup *dev_cgroup,
141 			struct dev_whitelist_item *wh)
142 {
143 	struct dev_whitelist_item *walk, *tmp;
144 
145 	spin_lock(&dev_cgroup->lock);
146 	list_for_each_entry_safe(walk, tmp, &dev_cgroup->whitelist, list) {
147 		if (walk->type == DEV_ALL)
148 			goto remove;
149 		if (walk->type != wh->type)
150 			continue;
151 		if (walk->major != ~0 && walk->major != wh->major)
152 			continue;
153 		if (walk->minor != ~0 && walk->minor != wh->minor)
154 			continue;
155 
156 remove:
157 		walk->access &= ~wh->access;
158 		if (!walk->access) {
159 			list_del(&walk->list);
160 			kfree(walk);
161 		}
162 	}
163 	spin_unlock(&dev_cgroup->lock);
164 }
165 
166 /*
167  * called from kernel/cgroup.c with cgroup_lock() held.
168  */
169 static struct cgroup_subsys_state *devcgroup_create(struct cgroup_subsys *ss,
170 						struct cgroup *cgroup)
171 {
172 	struct dev_cgroup *dev_cgroup, *parent_dev_cgroup;
173 	struct cgroup *parent_cgroup;
174 	int ret;
175 
176 	dev_cgroup = kzalloc(sizeof(*dev_cgroup), GFP_KERNEL);
177 	if (!dev_cgroup)
178 		return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
179 	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&dev_cgroup->whitelist);
180 	parent_cgroup = cgroup->parent;
181 
182 	if (parent_cgroup == NULL) {
183 		struct dev_whitelist_item *wh;
184 		wh = kmalloc(sizeof(*wh), GFP_KERNEL);
185 		if (!wh) {
186 			kfree(dev_cgroup);
187 			return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
188 		}
189 		wh->minor = wh->major = ~0;
190 		wh->type = DEV_ALL;
191 		wh->access = ACC_MKNOD | ACC_READ | ACC_WRITE;
192 		list_add(&wh->list, &dev_cgroup->whitelist);
193 	} else {
194 		parent_dev_cgroup = cgroup_to_devcgroup(parent_cgroup);
195 		ret = dev_whitelist_copy(&dev_cgroup->whitelist,
196 				&parent_dev_cgroup->whitelist);
197 		if (ret) {
198 			kfree(dev_cgroup);
199 			return ERR_PTR(ret);
200 		}
201 	}
202 
203 	spin_lock_init(&dev_cgroup->lock);
204 	return &dev_cgroup->css;
205 }
206 
207 static void devcgroup_destroy(struct cgroup_subsys *ss,
208 			struct cgroup *cgroup)
209 {
210 	struct dev_cgroup *dev_cgroup;
211 	struct dev_whitelist_item *wh, *tmp;
212 
213 	dev_cgroup = cgroup_to_devcgroup(cgroup);
214 	list_for_each_entry_safe(wh, tmp, &dev_cgroup->whitelist, list) {
215 		list_del(&wh->list);
216 		kfree(wh);
217 	}
218 	kfree(dev_cgroup);
219 }
220 
221 #define DEVCG_ALLOW 1
222 #define DEVCG_DENY 2
223 #define DEVCG_LIST 3
224 
225 #define MAJMINLEN 13
226 #define ACCLEN 4
227 
228 static void set_access(char *acc, short access)
229 {
230 	int idx = 0;
231 	memset(acc, 0, ACCLEN);
232 	if (access & ACC_READ)
233 		acc[idx++] = 'r';
234 	if (access & ACC_WRITE)
235 		acc[idx++] = 'w';
236 	if (access & ACC_MKNOD)
237 		acc[idx++] = 'm';
238 }
239 
240 static char type_to_char(short type)
241 {
242 	if (type == DEV_ALL)
243 		return 'a';
244 	if (type == DEV_CHAR)
245 		return 'c';
246 	if (type == DEV_BLOCK)
247 		return 'b';
248 	return 'X';
249 }
250 
251 static void set_majmin(char *str, unsigned m)
252 {
253 	memset(str, 0, MAJMINLEN);
254 	if (m == ~0)
255 		sprintf(str, "*");
256 	else
257 		snprintf(str, MAJMINLEN, "%u", m);
258 }
259 
260 static int devcgroup_seq_read(struct cgroup *cgroup, struct cftype *cft,
261 				struct seq_file *m)
262 {
263 	struct dev_cgroup *devcgroup = cgroup_to_devcgroup(cgroup);
264 	struct dev_whitelist_item *wh;
265 	char maj[MAJMINLEN], min[MAJMINLEN], acc[ACCLEN];
266 
267 	spin_lock(&devcgroup->lock);
268 	list_for_each_entry(wh, &devcgroup->whitelist, list) {
269 		set_access(acc, wh->access);
270 		set_majmin(maj, wh->major);
271 		set_majmin(min, wh->minor);
272 		seq_printf(m, "%c %s:%s %s\n", type_to_char(wh->type),
273 			   maj, min, acc);
274 	}
275 	spin_unlock(&devcgroup->lock);
276 
277 	return 0;
278 }
279 
280 /*
281  * may_access_whitelist:
282  * does the access granted to dev_cgroup c contain the access
283  * requested in whitelist item refwh.
284  * return 1 if yes, 0 if no.
285  * call with c->lock held
286  */
287 static int may_access_whitelist(struct dev_cgroup *c,
288 				       struct dev_whitelist_item *refwh)
289 {
290 	struct dev_whitelist_item *whitem;
291 
292 	list_for_each_entry(whitem, &c->whitelist, list) {
293 		if (whitem->type & DEV_ALL)
294 			return 1;
295 		if ((refwh->type & DEV_BLOCK) && !(whitem->type & DEV_BLOCK))
296 			continue;
297 		if ((refwh->type & DEV_CHAR) && !(whitem->type & DEV_CHAR))
298 			continue;
299 		if (whitem->major != ~0 && whitem->major != refwh->major)
300 			continue;
301 		if (whitem->minor != ~0 && whitem->minor != refwh->minor)
302 			continue;
303 		if (refwh->access & (~whitem->access))
304 			continue;
305 		return 1;
306 	}
307 	return 0;
308 }
309 
310 /*
311  * parent_has_perm:
312  * when adding a new allow rule to a device whitelist, the rule
313  * must be allowed in the parent device
314  */
315 static int parent_has_perm(struct cgroup *childcg,
316 				  struct dev_whitelist_item *wh)
317 {
318 	struct cgroup *pcg = childcg->parent;
319 	struct dev_cgroup *parent;
320 	int ret;
321 
322 	if (!pcg)
323 		return 1;
324 	parent = cgroup_to_devcgroup(pcg);
325 	spin_lock(&parent->lock);
326 	ret = may_access_whitelist(parent, wh);
327 	spin_unlock(&parent->lock);
328 	return ret;
329 }
330 
331 /*
332  * Modify the whitelist using allow/deny rules.
333  * CAP_SYS_ADMIN is needed for this.  It's at least separate from CAP_MKNOD
334  * so we can give a container CAP_MKNOD to let it create devices but not
335  * modify the whitelist.
336  * It seems likely we'll want to add a CAP_CONTAINER capability to allow
337  * us to also grant CAP_SYS_ADMIN to containers without giving away the
338  * device whitelist controls, but for now we'll stick with CAP_SYS_ADMIN
339  *
340  * Taking rules away is always allowed (given CAP_SYS_ADMIN).  Granting
341  * new access is only allowed if you're in the top-level cgroup, or your
342  * parent cgroup has the access you're asking for.
343  */
344 static ssize_t devcgroup_access_write(struct cgroup *cgroup, struct cftype *cft,
345 				struct file *file, const char __user *userbuf,
346 				size_t nbytes, loff_t *ppos)
347 {
348 	struct cgroup *cur_cgroup;
349 	struct dev_cgroup *devcgroup, *cur_devcgroup;
350 	int filetype = cft->private;
351 	char *buffer, *b;
352 	int retval = 0, count;
353 	struct dev_whitelist_item wh;
354 
355 	if (!capable(CAP_SYS_ADMIN))
356 		return -EPERM;
357 
358 	devcgroup = cgroup_to_devcgroup(cgroup);
359 	cur_cgroup = task_cgroup(current, devices_subsys.subsys_id);
360 	cur_devcgroup = cgroup_to_devcgroup(cur_cgroup);
361 
362 	buffer = kmalloc(nbytes+1, GFP_KERNEL);
363 	if (!buffer)
364 		return -ENOMEM;
365 
366 	if (copy_from_user(buffer, userbuf, nbytes)) {
367 		retval = -EFAULT;
368 		goto out1;
369 	}
370 	buffer[nbytes] = 0;	/* nul-terminate */
371 
372 	cgroup_lock();
373 	if (cgroup_is_removed(cgroup)) {
374 		retval = -ENODEV;
375 		goto out2;
376 	}
377 
378 	memset(&wh, 0, sizeof(wh));
379 	b = buffer;
380 
381 	switch (*b) {
382 	case 'a':
383 		wh.type = DEV_ALL;
384 		wh.access = ACC_MASK;
385 		wh.major = ~0;
386 		wh.minor = ~0;
387 		goto handle;
388 	case 'b':
389 		wh.type = DEV_BLOCK;
390 		break;
391 	case 'c':
392 		wh.type = DEV_CHAR;
393 		break;
394 	default:
395 		retval = -EINVAL;
396 		goto out2;
397 	}
398 	b++;
399 	if (!isspace(*b)) {
400 		retval = -EINVAL;
401 		goto out2;
402 	}
403 	b++;
404 	if (*b == '*') {
405 		wh.major = ~0;
406 		b++;
407 	} else if (isdigit(*b)) {
408 		wh.major = 0;
409 		while (isdigit(*b)) {
410 			wh.major = wh.major*10+(*b-'0');
411 			b++;
412 		}
413 	} else {
414 		retval = -EINVAL;
415 		goto out2;
416 	}
417 	if (*b != ':') {
418 		retval = -EINVAL;
419 		goto out2;
420 	}
421 	b++;
422 
423 	/* read minor */
424 	if (*b == '*') {
425 		wh.minor = ~0;
426 		b++;
427 	} else if (isdigit(*b)) {
428 		wh.minor = 0;
429 		while (isdigit(*b)) {
430 			wh.minor = wh.minor*10+(*b-'0');
431 			b++;
432 		}
433 	} else {
434 		retval = -EINVAL;
435 		goto out2;
436 	}
437 	if (!isspace(*b)) {
438 		retval = -EINVAL;
439 		goto out2;
440 	}
441 	for (b++, count = 0; count < 3; count++, b++) {
442 		switch (*b) {
443 		case 'r':
444 			wh.access |= ACC_READ;
445 			break;
446 		case 'w':
447 			wh.access |= ACC_WRITE;
448 			break;
449 		case 'm':
450 			wh.access |= ACC_MKNOD;
451 			break;
452 		case '\n':
453 		case '\0':
454 			count = 3;
455 			break;
456 		default:
457 			retval = -EINVAL;
458 			goto out2;
459 		}
460 	}
461 
462 handle:
463 	retval = 0;
464 	switch (filetype) {
465 	case DEVCG_ALLOW:
466 		if (!parent_has_perm(cgroup, &wh))
467 			retval = -EPERM;
468 		else
469 			retval = dev_whitelist_add(devcgroup, &wh);
470 		break;
471 	case DEVCG_DENY:
472 		dev_whitelist_rm(devcgroup, &wh);
473 		break;
474 	default:
475 		retval = -EINVAL;
476 		goto out2;
477 	}
478 
479 	if (retval == 0)
480 		retval = nbytes;
481 
482 out2:
483 	cgroup_unlock();
484 out1:
485 	kfree(buffer);
486 	return retval;
487 }
488 
489 static struct cftype dev_cgroup_files[] = {
490 	{
491 		.name = "allow",
492 		.write  = devcgroup_access_write,
493 		.private = DEVCG_ALLOW,
494 	},
495 	{
496 		.name = "deny",
497 		.write = devcgroup_access_write,
498 		.private = DEVCG_DENY,
499 	},
500 	{
501 		.name = "list",
502 		.read_seq_string = devcgroup_seq_read,
503 		.private = DEVCG_LIST,
504 	},
505 };
506 
507 static int devcgroup_populate(struct cgroup_subsys *ss,
508 				struct cgroup *cgroup)
509 {
510 	return cgroup_add_files(cgroup, ss, dev_cgroup_files,
511 					ARRAY_SIZE(dev_cgroup_files));
512 }
513 
514 struct cgroup_subsys devices_subsys = {
515 	.name = "devices",
516 	.can_attach = devcgroup_can_attach,
517 	.create = devcgroup_create,
518 	.destroy  = devcgroup_destroy,
519 	.populate = devcgroup_populate,
520 	.subsys_id = devices_subsys_id,
521 };
522 
523 int devcgroup_inode_permission(struct inode *inode, int mask)
524 {
525 	struct dev_cgroup *dev_cgroup;
526 	struct dev_whitelist_item *wh;
527 
528 	dev_t device = inode->i_rdev;
529 	if (!device)
530 		return 0;
531 	if (!S_ISBLK(inode->i_mode) && !S_ISCHR(inode->i_mode))
532 		return 0;
533 	dev_cgroup = css_to_devcgroup(task_subsys_state(current,
534 				devices_subsys_id));
535 	if (!dev_cgroup)
536 		return 0;
537 
538 	spin_lock(&dev_cgroup->lock);
539 	list_for_each_entry(wh, &dev_cgroup->whitelist, list) {
540 		if (wh->type & DEV_ALL)
541 			goto acc_check;
542 		if ((wh->type & DEV_BLOCK) && !S_ISBLK(inode->i_mode))
543 			continue;
544 		if ((wh->type & DEV_CHAR) && !S_ISCHR(inode->i_mode))
545 			continue;
546 		if (wh->major != ~0 && wh->major != imajor(inode))
547 			continue;
548 		if (wh->minor != ~0 && wh->minor != iminor(inode))
549 			continue;
550 acc_check:
551 		if ((mask & MAY_WRITE) && !(wh->access & ACC_WRITE))
552 			continue;
553 		if ((mask & MAY_READ) && !(wh->access & ACC_READ))
554 			continue;
555 		spin_unlock(&dev_cgroup->lock);
556 		return 0;
557 	}
558 	spin_unlock(&dev_cgroup->lock);
559 
560 	return -EPERM;
561 }
562 
563 int devcgroup_inode_mknod(int mode, dev_t dev)
564 {
565 	struct dev_cgroup *dev_cgroup;
566 	struct dev_whitelist_item *wh;
567 
568 	dev_cgroup = css_to_devcgroup(task_subsys_state(current,
569 				devices_subsys_id));
570 	if (!dev_cgroup)
571 		return 0;
572 
573 	spin_lock(&dev_cgroup->lock);
574 	list_for_each_entry(wh, &dev_cgroup->whitelist, list) {
575 		if (wh->type & DEV_ALL)
576 			goto acc_check;
577 		if ((wh->type & DEV_BLOCK) && !S_ISBLK(mode))
578 			continue;
579 		if ((wh->type & DEV_CHAR) && !S_ISCHR(mode))
580 			continue;
581 		if (wh->major != ~0 && wh->major != MAJOR(dev))
582 			continue;
583 		if (wh->minor != ~0 && wh->minor != MINOR(dev))
584 			continue;
585 acc_check:
586 		if (!(wh->access & ACC_MKNOD))
587 			continue;
588 		spin_unlock(&dev_cgroup->lock);
589 		return 0;
590 	}
591 	spin_unlock(&dev_cgroup->lock);
592 	return -EPERM;
593 }
594