xref: /linux/scripts/checkpatch.pl (revision b68fc09be48edbc47de1a0f3d42ef8adf6c0ac55)
1#!/usr/bin/env perl
2# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
3#
4# (c) 2001, Dave Jones. (the file handling bit)
5# (c) 2005, Joel Schopp <jschopp@austin.ibm.com> (the ugly bit)
6# (c) 2007,2008, Andy Whitcroft <apw@uk.ibm.com> (new conditions, test suite)
7# (c) 2008-2010 Andy Whitcroft <apw@canonical.com>
8# (c) 2010-2018 Joe Perches <joe@perches.com>
9
10use strict;
11use warnings;
12use POSIX;
13use File::Basename;
14use Cwd 'abs_path';
15use Term::ANSIColor qw(:constants);
16use Encode qw(decode encode);
17
18my $P = $0;
19my $D = dirname(abs_path($P));
20
21my $V = '0.32';
22
23use Getopt::Long qw(:config no_auto_abbrev);
24
25my $quiet = 0;
26my $tree = 1;
27my $chk_signoff = 1;
28my $chk_patch = 1;
29my $tst_only;
30my $emacs = 0;
31my $terse = 0;
32my $showfile = 0;
33my $file = 0;
34my $git = 0;
35my %git_commits = ();
36my $check = 0;
37my $check_orig = 0;
38my $summary = 1;
39my $mailback = 0;
40my $summary_file = 0;
41my $show_types = 0;
42my $list_types = 0;
43my $fix = 0;
44my $fix_inplace = 0;
45my $root;
46my %debug;
47my %camelcase = ();
48my %use_type = ();
49my @use = ();
50my %ignore_type = ();
51my @ignore = ();
52my $help = 0;
53my $configuration_file = ".checkpatch.conf";
54my $max_line_length = 80;
55my $ignore_perl_version = 0;
56my $minimum_perl_version = 5.10.0;
57my $min_conf_desc_length = 4;
58my $spelling_file = "$D/spelling.txt";
59my $codespell = 0;
60my $codespellfile = "/usr/share/codespell/dictionary.txt";
61my $conststructsfile = "$D/const_structs.checkpatch";
62my $typedefsfile = "";
63my $color = "auto";
64my $allow_c99_comments = 1;
65
66sub help {
67	my ($exitcode) = @_;
68
69	print << "EOM";
70Usage: $P [OPTION]... [FILE]...
71Version: $V
72
73Options:
74  -q, --quiet                quiet
75  --no-tree                  run without a kernel tree
76  --no-signoff               do not check for 'Signed-off-by' line
77  --patch                    treat FILE as patchfile (default)
78  --emacs                    emacs compile window format
79  --terse                    one line per report
80  --showfile                 emit diffed file position, not input file position
81  -g, --git                  treat FILE as a single commit or git revision range
82                             single git commit with:
83                               <rev>
84                               <rev>^
85                               <rev>~n
86                             multiple git commits with:
87                               <rev1>..<rev2>
88                               <rev1>...<rev2>
89                               <rev>-<count>
90                             git merges are ignored
91  -f, --file                 treat FILE as regular source file
92  --subjective, --strict     enable more subjective tests
93  --list-types               list the possible message types
94  --types TYPE(,TYPE2...)    show only these comma separated message types
95  --ignore TYPE(,TYPE2...)   ignore various comma separated message types
96  --show-types               show the specific message type in the output
97  --max-line-length=n        set the maximum line length, if exceeded, warn
98  --min-conf-desc-length=n   set the min description length, if shorter, warn
99  --root=PATH                PATH to the kernel tree root
100  --no-summary               suppress the per-file summary
101  --mailback                 only produce a report in case of warnings/errors
102  --summary-file             include the filename in summary
103  --debug KEY=[0|1]          turn on/off debugging of KEY, where KEY is one of
104                             'values', 'possible', 'type', and 'attr' (default
105                             is all off)
106  --test-only=WORD           report only warnings/errors containing WORD
107                             literally
108  --fix                      EXPERIMENTAL - may create horrible results
109                             If correctable single-line errors exist, create
110                             "<inputfile>.EXPERIMENTAL-checkpatch-fixes"
111                             with potential errors corrected to the preferred
112                             checkpatch style
113  --fix-inplace              EXPERIMENTAL - may create horrible results
114                             Is the same as --fix, but overwrites the input
115                             file.  It's your fault if there's no backup or git
116  --ignore-perl-version      override checking of perl version.  expect
117                             runtime errors.
118  --codespell                Use the codespell dictionary for spelling/typos
119                             (default:/usr/share/codespell/dictionary.txt)
120  --codespellfile            Use this codespell dictionary
121  --typedefsfile             Read additional types from this file
122  --color[=WHEN]             Use colors 'always', 'never', or only when output
123                             is a terminal ('auto'). Default is 'auto'.
124  -h, --help, --version      display this help and exit
125
126When FILE is - read standard input.
127EOM
128
129	exit($exitcode);
130}
131
132sub uniq {
133	my %seen;
134	return grep { !$seen{$_}++ } @_;
135}
136
137sub list_types {
138	my ($exitcode) = @_;
139
140	my $count = 0;
141
142	local $/ = undef;
143
144	open(my $script, '<', abs_path($P)) or
145	    die "$P: Can't read '$P' $!\n";
146
147	my $text = <$script>;
148	close($script);
149
150	my @types = ();
151	# Also catch when type or level is passed through a variable
152	for ($text =~ /(?:(?:\bCHK|\bWARN|\bERROR|&\{\$msg_level})\s*\(|\$msg_type\s*=)\s*"([^"]+)"/g) {
153		push (@types, $_);
154	}
155	@types = sort(uniq(@types));
156	print("#\tMessage type\n\n");
157	foreach my $type (@types) {
158		print(++$count . "\t" . $type . "\n");
159	}
160
161	exit($exitcode);
162}
163
164my $conf = which_conf($configuration_file);
165if (-f $conf) {
166	my @conf_args;
167	open(my $conffile, '<', "$conf")
168	    or warn "$P: Can't find a readable $configuration_file file $!\n";
169
170	while (<$conffile>) {
171		my $line = $_;
172
173		$line =~ s/\s*\n?$//g;
174		$line =~ s/^\s*//g;
175		$line =~ s/\s+/ /g;
176
177		next if ($line =~ m/^\s*#/);
178		next if ($line =~ m/^\s*$/);
179
180		my @words = split(" ", $line);
181		foreach my $word (@words) {
182			last if ($word =~ m/^#/);
183			push (@conf_args, $word);
184		}
185	}
186	close($conffile);
187	unshift(@ARGV, @conf_args) if @conf_args;
188}
189
190# Perl's Getopt::Long allows options to take optional arguments after a space.
191# Prevent --color by itself from consuming other arguments
192foreach (@ARGV) {
193	if ($_ eq "--color" || $_ eq "-color") {
194		$_ = "--color=$color";
195	}
196}
197
198GetOptions(
199	'q|quiet+'	=> \$quiet,
200	'tree!'		=> \$tree,
201	'signoff!'	=> \$chk_signoff,
202	'patch!'	=> \$chk_patch,
203	'emacs!'	=> \$emacs,
204	'terse!'	=> \$terse,
205	'showfile!'	=> \$showfile,
206	'f|file!'	=> \$file,
207	'g|git!'	=> \$git,
208	'subjective!'	=> \$check,
209	'strict!'	=> \$check,
210	'ignore=s'	=> \@ignore,
211	'types=s'	=> \@use,
212	'show-types!'	=> \$show_types,
213	'list-types!'	=> \$list_types,
214	'max-line-length=i' => \$max_line_length,
215	'min-conf-desc-length=i' => \$min_conf_desc_length,
216	'root=s'	=> \$root,
217	'summary!'	=> \$summary,
218	'mailback!'	=> \$mailback,
219	'summary-file!'	=> \$summary_file,
220	'fix!'		=> \$fix,
221	'fix-inplace!'	=> \$fix_inplace,
222	'ignore-perl-version!' => \$ignore_perl_version,
223	'debug=s'	=> \%debug,
224	'test-only=s'	=> \$tst_only,
225	'codespell!'	=> \$codespell,
226	'codespellfile=s'	=> \$codespellfile,
227	'typedefsfile=s'	=> \$typedefsfile,
228	'color=s'	=> \$color,
229	'no-color'	=> \$color,	#keep old behaviors of -nocolor
230	'nocolor'	=> \$color,	#keep old behaviors of -nocolor
231	'h|help'	=> \$help,
232	'version'	=> \$help
233) or help(1);
234
235help(0) if ($help);
236
237list_types(0) if ($list_types);
238
239$fix = 1 if ($fix_inplace);
240$check_orig = $check;
241
242my $exit = 0;
243
244my $perl_version_ok = 1;
245if ($^V && $^V lt $minimum_perl_version) {
246	$perl_version_ok = 0;
247	printf "$P: requires at least perl version %vd\n", $minimum_perl_version;
248	exit(1) if (!$ignore_perl_version);
249}
250
251#if no filenames are given, push '-' to read patch from stdin
252if ($#ARGV < 0) {
253	push(@ARGV, '-');
254}
255
256if ($color =~ /^[01]$/) {
257	$color = !$color;
258} elsif ($color =~ /^always$/i) {
259	$color = 1;
260} elsif ($color =~ /^never$/i) {
261	$color = 0;
262} elsif ($color =~ /^auto$/i) {
263	$color = (-t STDOUT);
264} else {
265	die "Invalid color mode: $color\n";
266}
267
268sub hash_save_array_words {
269	my ($hashRef, $arrayRef) = @_;
270
271	my @array = split(/,/, join(',', @$arrayRef));
272	foreach my $word (@array) {
273		$word =~ s/\s*\n?$//g;
274		$word =~ s/^\s*//g;
275		$word =~ s/\s+/ /g;
276		$word =~ tr/[a-z]/[A-Z]/;
277
278		next if ($word =~ m/^\s*#/);
279		next if ($word =~ m/^\s*$/);
280
281		$hashRef->{$word}++;
282	}
283}
284
285sub hash_show_words {
286	my ($hashRef, $prefix) = @_;
287
288	if (keys %$hashRef) {
289		print "\nNOTE: $prefix message types:";
290		foreach my $word (sort keys %$hashRef) {
291			print " $word";
292		}
293		print "\n";
294	}
295}
296
297hash_save_array_words(\%ignore_type, \@ignore);
298hash_save_array_words(\%use_type, \@use);
299
300my $dbg_values = 0;
301my $dbg_possible = 0;
302my $dbg_type = 0;
303my $dbg_attr = 0;
304for my $key (keys %debug) {
305	## no critic
306	eval "\${dbg_$key} = '$debug{$key}';";
307	die "$@" if ($@);
308}
309
310my $rpt_cleaners = 0;
311
312if ($terse) {
313	$emacs = 1;
314	$quiet++;
315}
316
317if ($tree) {
318	if (defined $root) {
319		if (!top_of_kernel_tree($root)) {
320			die "$P: $root: --root does not point at a valid tree\n";
321		}
322	} else {
323		if (top_of_kernel_tree('.')) {
324			$root = '.';
325		} elsif ($0 =~ m@(.*)/scripts/[^/]*$@ &&
326						top_of_kernel_tree($1)) {
327			$root = $1;
328		}
329	}
330
331	if (!defined $root) {
332		print "Must be run from the top-level dir. of a kernel tree\n";
333		exit(2);
334	}
335}
336
337my $emitted_corrupt = 0;
338
339our $Ident	= qr{
340			[A-Za-z_][A-Za-z\d_]*
341			(?:\s*\#\#\s*[A-Za-z_][A-Za-z\d_]*)*
342		}x;
343our $Storage	= qr{extern|static|asmlinkage};
344our $Sparse	= qr{
345			__user|
346			__kernel|
347			__force|
348			__iomem|
349			__must_check|
350			__kprobes|
351			__ref|
352			__refconst|
353			__refdata|
354			__rcu|
355			__private
356		}x;
357our $InitAttributePrefix = qr{__(?:mem|cpu|dev|net_|)};
358our $InitAttributeData = qr{$InitAttributePrefix(?:initdata\b)};
359our $InitAttributeConst = qr{$InitAttributePrefix(?:initconst\b)};
360our $InitAttributeInit = qr{$InitAttributePrefix(?:init\b)};
361our $InitAttribute = qr{$InitAttributeData|$InitAttributeConst|$InitAttributeInit};
362
363# Notes to $Attribute:
364# We need \b after 'init' otherwise 'initconst' will cause a false positive in a check
365our $Attribute	= qr{
366			const|
367			__percpu|
368			__nocast|
369			__safe|
370			__bitwise|
371			__packed__|
372			__packed2__|
373			__naked|
374			__maybe_unused|
375			__always_unused|
376			__noreturn|
377			__used|
378			__cold|
379			__pure|
380			__noclone|
381			__deprecated|
382			__read_mostly|
383			__ro_after_init|
384			__kprobes|
385			$InitAttribute|
386			____cacheline_aligned|
387			____cacheline_aligned_in_smp|
388			____cacheline_internodealigned_in_smp|
389			__weak
390		  }x;
391our $Modifier;
392our $Inline	= qr{inline|__always_inline|noinline|__inline|__inline__};
393our $Member	= qr{->$Ident|\.$Ident|\[[^]]*\]};
394our $Lval	= qr{$Ident(?:$Member)*};
395
396our $Int_type	= qr{(?i)llu|ull|ll|lu|ul|l|u};
397our $Binary	= qr{(?i)0b[01]+$Int_type?};
398our $Hex	= qr{(?i)0x[0-9a-f]+$Int_type?};
399our $Int	= qr{[0-9]+$Int_type?};
400our $Octal	= qr{0[0-7]+$Int_type?};
401our $String	= qr{"[X\t]*"};
402our $Float_hex	= qr{(?i)0x[0-9a-f]+p-?[0-9]+[fl]?};
403our $Float_dec	= qr{(?i)(?:[0-9]+\.[0-9]*|[0-9]*\.[0-9]+)(?:e-?[0-9]+)?[fl]?};
404our $Float_int	= qr{(?i)[0-9]+e-?[0-9]+[fl]?};
405our $Float	= qr{$Float_hex|$Float_dec|$Float_int};
406our $Constant	= qr{$Float|$Binary|$Octal|$Hex|$Int};
407our $Assignment	= qr{\*\=|/=|%=|\+=|-=|<<=|>>=|&=|\^=|\|=|=};
408our $Compare    = qr{<=|>=|==|!=|<|(?<!-)>};
409our $Arithmetic = qr{\+|-|\*|\/|%};
410our $Operators	= qr{
411			<=|>=|==|!=|
412			=>|->|<<|>>|<|>|!|~|
413			&&|\|\||,|\^|\+\+|--|&|\||$Arithmetic
414		  }x;
415
416our $c90_Keywords = qr{do|for|while|if|else|return|goto|continue|switch|default|case|break}x;
417
418our $BasicType;
419our $NonptrType;
420our $NonptrTypeMisordered;
421our $NonptrTypeWithAttr;
422our $Type;
423our $TypeMisordered;
424our $Declare;
425our $DeclareMisordered;
426
427our $NON_ASCII_UTF8	= qr{
428	[\xC2-\xDF][\x80-\xBF]               # non-overlong 2-byte
429	|  \xE0[\xA0-\xBF][\x80-\xBF]        # excluding overlongs
430	| [\xE1-\xEC\xEE\xEF][\x80-\xBF]{2}  # straight 3-byte
431	|  \xED[\x80-\x9F][\x80-\xBF]        # excluding surrogates
432	|  \xF0[\x90-\xBF][\x80-\xBF]{2}     # planes 1-3
433	| [\xF1-\xF3][\x80-\xBF]{3}          # planes 4-15
434	|  \xF4[\x80-\x8F][\x80-\xBF]{2}     # plane 16
435}x;
436
437our $UTF8	= qr{
438	[\x09\x0A\x0D\x20-\x7E]              # ASCII
439	| $NON_ASCII_UTF8
440}x;
441
442our $typeC99Typedefs = qr{(?:__)?(?:[us]_?)?int_?(?:8|16|32|64)_t};
443our $typeOtherOSTypedefs = qr{(?x:
444	u_(?:char|short|int|long) |          # bsd
445	u(?:nchar|short|int|long)            # sysv
446)};
447our $typeKernelTypedefs = qr{(?x:
448	(?:__)?(?:u|s|be|le)(?:8|16|32|64)|
449	atomic_t
450)};
451our $typeTypedefs = qr{(?x:
452	$typeC99Typedefs\b|
453	$typeOtherOSTypedefs\b|
454	$typeKernelTypedefs\b
455)};
456
457our $zero_initializer = qr{(?:(?:0[xX])?0+$Int_type?|NULL|false)\b};
458
459our $logFunctions = qr{(?x:
460	printk(?:_ratelimited|_once|_deferred_once|_deferred|)|
461	(?:[a-z0-9]+_){1,2}(?:printk|emerg|alert|crit|err|warning|warn|notice|info|debug|dbg|vdbg|devel|cont|WARN)(?:_ratelimited|_once|)|
462	TP_printk|
463	WARN(?:_RATELIMIT|_ONCE|)|
464	panic|
465	MODULE_[A-Z_]+|
466	seq_vprintf|seq_printf|seq_puts
467)};
468
469our $signature_tags = qr{(?xi:
470	Signed-off-by:|
471	Acked-by:|
472	Tested-by:|
473	Reviewed-by:|
474	Reported-by:|
475	Suggested-by:|
476	To:|
477	Cc:
478)};
479
480our @typeListMisordered = (
481	qr{char\s+(?:un)?signed},
482	qr{int\s+(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?short\s},
483	qr{int\s+short(?:\s+(?:un)?signed)},
484	qr{short\s+int(?:\s+(?:un)?signed)},
485	qr{(?:un)?signed\s+int\s+short},
486	qr{short\s+(?:un)?signed},
487	qr{long\s+int\s+(?:un)?signed},
488	qr{int\s+long\s+(?:un)?signed},
489	qr{long\s+(?:un)?signed\s+int},
490	qr{int\s+(?:un)?signed\s+long},
491	qr{int\s+(?:un)?signed},
492	qr{int\s+long\s+long\s+(?:un)?signed},
493	qr{long\s+long\s+int\s+(?:un)?signed},
494	qr{long\s+long\s+(?:un)?signed\s+int},
495	qr{long\s+long\s+(?:un)?signed},
496	qr{long\s+(?:un)?signed},
497);
498
499our @typeList = (
500	qr{void},
501	qr{(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?char},
502	qr{(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?short\s+int},
503	qr{(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?short},
504	qr{(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?int},
505	qr{(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?long\s+int},
506	qr{(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?long\s+long\s+int},
507	qr{(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?long\s+long},
508	qr{(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?long},
509	qr{(?:un)?signed},
510	qr{float},
511	qr{double},
512	qr{bool},
513	qr{struct\s+$Ident},
514	qr{union\s+$Ident},
515	qr{enum\s+$Ident},
516	qr{${Ident}_t},
517	qr{${Ident}_handler},
518	qr{${Ident}_handler_fn},
519	@typeListMisordered,
520);
521
522our $C90_int_types = qr{(?x:
523	long\s+long\s+int\s+(?:un)?signed|
524	long\s+long\s+(?:un)?signed\s+int|
525	long\s+long\s+(?:un)?signed|
526	(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?long\s+long\s+int|
527	(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?long\s+long|
528	int\s+long\s+long\s+(?:un)?signed|
529	int\s+(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?long\s+long|
530
531	long\s+int\s+(?:un)?signed|
532	long\s+(?:un)?signed\s+int|
533	long\s+(?:un)?signed|
534	(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?long\s+int|
535	(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?long|
536	int\s+long\s+(?:un)?signed|
537	int\s+(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?long|
538
539	int\s+(?:un)?signed|
540	(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?int
541)};
542
543our @typeListFile = ();
544our @typeListWithAttr = (
545	@typeList,
546	qr{struct\s+$InitAttribute\s+$Ident},
547	qr{union\s+$InitAttribute\s+$Ident},
548);
549
550our @modifierList = (
551	qr{fastcall},
552);
553our @modifierListFile = ();
554
555our @mode_permission_funcs = (
556	["module_param", 3],
557	["module_param_(?:array|named|string)", 4],
558	["module_param_array_named", 5],
559	["debugfs_create_(?:file|u8|u16|u32|u64|x8|x16|x32|x64|size_t|atomic_t|bool|blob|regset32|u32_array)", 2],
560	["proc_create(?:_data|)", 2],
561	["(?:CLASS|DEVICE|SENSOR|SENSOR_DEVICE|IIO_DEVICE)_ATTR", 2],
562	["IIO_DEV_ATTR_[A-Z_]+", 1],
563	["SENSOR_(?:DEVICE_|)ATTR_2", 2],
564	["SENSOR_TEMPLATE(?:_2|)", 3],
565	["__ATTR", 2],
566);
567
568#Create a search pattern for all these functions to speed up a loop below
569our $mode_perms_search = "";
570foreach my $entry (@mode_permission_funcs) {
571	$mode_perms_search .= '|' if ($mode_perms_search ne "");
572	$mode_perms_search .= $entry->[0];
573}
574$mode_perms_search = "(?:${mode_perms_search})";
575
576our $mode_perms_world_writable = qr{
577	S_IWUGO		|
578	S_IWOTH		|
579	S_IRWXUGO	|
580	S_IALLUGO	|
581	0[0-7][0-7][2367]
582}x;
583
584our %mode_permission_string_types = (
585	"S_IRWXU" => 0700,
586	"S_IRUSR" => 0400,
587	"S_IWUSR" => 0200,
588	"S_IXUSR" => 0100,
589	"S_IRWXG" => 0070,
590	"S_IRGRP" => 0040,
591	"S_IWGRP" => 0020,
592	"S_IXGRP" => 0010,
593	"S_IRWXO" => 0007,
594	"S_IROTH" => 0004,
595	"S_IWOTH" => 0002,
596	"S_IXOTH" => 0001,
597	"S_IRWXUGO" => 0777,
598	"S_IRUGO" => 0444,
599	"S_IWUGO" => 0222,
600	"S_IXUGO" => 0111,
601);
602
603#Create a search pattern for all these strings to speed up a loop below
604our $mode_perms_string_search = "";
605foreach my $entry (keys %mode_permission_string_types) {
606	$mode_perms_string_search .= '|' if ($mode_perms_string_search ne "");
607	$mode_perms_string_search .= $entry;
608}
609our $single_mode_perms_string_search = "(?:${mode_perms_string_search})";
610our $multi_mode_perms_string_search = qr{
611	${single_mode_perms_string_search}
612	(?:\s*\|\s*${single_mode_perms_string_search})*
613}x;
614
615sub perms_to_octal {
616	my ($string) = @_;
617
618	return trim($string) if ($string =~ /^\s*0[0-7]{3,3}\s*$/);
619
620	my $val = "";
621	my $oval = "";
622	my $to = 0;
623	my $curpos = 0;
624	my $lastpos = 0;
625	while ($string =~ /\b(($single_mode_perms_string_search)\b(?:\s*\|\s*)?\s*)/g) {
626		$curpos = pos($string);
627		my $match = $2;
628		my $omatch = $1;
629		last if ($lastpos > 0 && ($curpos - length($omatch) != $lastpos));
630		$lastpos = $curpos;
631		$to |= $mode_permission_string_types{$match};
632		$val .= '\s*\|\s*' if ($val ne "");
633		$val .= $match;
634		$oval .= $omatch;
635	}
636	$oval =~ s/^\s*\|\s*//;
637	$oval =~ s/\s*\|\s*$//;
638	return sprintf("%04o", $to);
639}
640
641our $allowed_asm_includes = qr{(?x:
642	irq|
643	memory|
644	time|
645	reboot
646)};
647# memory.h: ARM has a custom one
648
649# Load common spelling mistakes and build regular expression list.
650my $misspellings;
651my %spelling_fix;
652
653if (open(my $spelling, '<', $spelling_file)) {
654	while (<$spelling>) {
655		my $line = $_;
656
657		$line =~ s/\s*\n?$//g;
658		$line =~ s/^\s*//g;
659
660		next if ($line =~ m/^\s*#/);
661		next if ($line =~ m/^\s*$/);
662
663		my ($suspect, $fix) = split(/\|\|/, $line);
664
665		$spelling_fix{$suspect} = $fix;
666	}
667	close($spelling);
668} else {
669	warn "No typos will be found - file '$spelling_file': $!\n";
670}
671
672if ($codespell) {
673	if (open(my $spelling, '<', $codespellfile)) {
674		while (<$spelling>) {
675			my $line = $_;
676
677			$line =~ s/\s*\n?$//g;
678			$line =~ s/^\s*//g;
679
680			next if ($line =~ m/^\s*#/);
681			next if ($line =~ m/^\s*$/);
682			next if ($line =~ m/, disabled/i);
683
684			$line =~ s/,.*$//;
685
686			my ($suspect, $fix) = split(/->/, $line);
687
688			$spelling_fix{$suspect} = $fix;
689		}
690		close($spelling);
691	} else {
692		warn "No codespell typos will be found - file '$codespellfile': $!\n";
693	}
694}
695
696$misspellings = join("|", sort keys %spelling_fix) if keys %spelling_fix;
697
698sub read_words {
699	my ($wordsRef, $file) = @_;
700
701	if (open(my $words, '<', $file)) {
702		while (<$words>) {
703			my $line = $_;
704
705			$line =~ s/\s*\n?$//g;
706			$line =~ s/^\s*//g;
707
708			next if ($line =~ m/^\s*#/);
709			next if ($line =~ m/^\s*$/);
710			if ($line =~ /\s/) {
711				print("$file: '$line' invalid - ignored\n");
712				next;
713			}
714
715			$$wordsRef .= '|' if ($$wordsRef ne "");
716			$$wordsRef .= $line;
717		}
718		close($file);
719		return 1;
720	}
721
722	return 0;
723}
724
725my $const_structs = "";
726read_words(\$const_structs, $conststructsfile)
727    or warn "No structs that should be const will be found - file '$conststructsfile': $!\n";
728
729my $typeOtherTypedefs = "";
730if (length($typedefsfile)) {
731	read_words(\$typeOtherTypedefs, $typedefsfile)
732	    or warn "No additional types will be considered - file '$typedefsfile': $!\n";
733}
734$typeTypedefs .= '|' . $typeOtherTypedefs if ($typeOtherTypedefs ne "");
735
736sub build_types {
737	my $mods = "(?x:  \n" . join("|\n  ", (@modifierList, @modifierListFile)) . "\n)";
738	my $all = "(?x:  \n" . join("|\n  ", (@typeList, @typeListFile)) . "\n)";
739	my $Misordered = "(?x:  \n" . join("|\n  ", @typeListMisordered) . "\n)";
740	my $allWithAttr = "(?x:  \n" . join("|\n  ", @typeListWithAttr) . "\n)";
741	$Modifier	= qr{(?:$Attribute|$Sparse|$mods)};
742	$BasicType	= qr{
743				(?:$typeTypedefs\b)|
744				(?:${all}\b)
745		}x;
746	$NonptrType	= qr{
747			(?:$Modifier\s+|const\s+)*
748			(?:
749				(?:typeof|__typeof__)\s*\([^\)]*\)|
750				(?:$typeTypedefs\b)|
751				(?:${all}\b)
752			)
753			(?:\s+$Modifier|\s+const)*
754		  }x;
755	$NonptrTypeMisordered	= qr{
756			(?:$Modifier\s+|const\s+)*
757			(?:
758				(?:${Misordered}\b)
759			)
760			(?:\s+$Modifier|\s+const)*
761		  }x;
762	$NonptrTypeWithAttr	= qr{
763			(?:$Modifier\s+|const\s+)*
764			(?:
765				(?:typeof|__typeof__)\s*\([^\)]*\)|
766				(?:$typeTypedefs\b)|
767				(?:${allWithAttr}\b)
768			)
769			(?:\s+$Modifier|\s+const)*
770		  }x;
771	$Type	= qr{
772			$NonptrType
773			(?:(?:\s|\*|\[\])+\s*const|(?:\s|\*\s*(?:const\s*)?|\[\])+|(?:\s*\[\s*\])+)?
774			(?:\s+$Inline|\s+$Modifier)*
775		  }x;
776	$TypeMisordered	= qr{
777			$NonptrTypeMisordered
778			(?:(?:\s|\*|\[\])+\s*const|(?:\s|\*\s*(?:const\s*)?|\[\])+|(?:\s*\[\s*\])+)?
779			(?:\s+$Inline|\s+$Modifier)*
780		  }x;
781	$Declare	= qr{(?:$Storage\s+(?:$Inline\s+)?)?$Type};
782	$DeclareMisordered	= qr{(?:$Storage\s+(?:$Inline\s+)?)?$TypeMisordered};
783}
784build_types();
785
786our $Typecast	= qr{\s*(\(\s*$NonptrType\s*\)){0,1}\s*};
787
788# Using $balanced_parens, $LvalOrFunc, or $FuncArg
789# requires at least perl version v5.10.0
790# Any use must be runtime checked with $^V
791
792our $balanced_parens = qr/(\((?:[^\(\)]++|(?-1))*\))/;
793our $LvalOrFunc	= qr{((?:[\&\*]\s*)?$Lval)\s*($balanced_parens{0,1})\s*};
794our $FuncArg = qr{$Typecast{0,1}($LvalOrFunc|$Constant|$String)};
795
796our $declaration_macros = qr{(?x:
797	(?:$Storage\s+)?(?:[A-Z_][A-Z0-9]*_){0,2}(?:DEFINE|DECLARE)(?:_[A-Z0-9]+){1,6}\s*\(|
798	(?:$Storage\s+)?[HLP]?LIST_HEAD\s*\(|
799	(?:$Storage\s+)?${Type}\s+uninitialized_var\s*\(|
800	(?:SKCIPHER_REQUEST|SHASH_DESC|AHASH_REQUEST)_ON_STACK\s*\(
801)};
802
803sub deparenthesize {
804	my ($string) = @_;
805	return "" if (!defined($string));
806
807	while ($string =~ /^\s*\(.*\)\s*$/) {
808		$string =~ s@^\s*\(\s*@@;
809		$string =~ s@\s*\)\s*$@@;
810	}
811
812	$string =~ s@\s+@ @g;
813
814	return $string;
815}
816
817sub seed_camelcase_file {
818	my ($file) = @_;
819
820	return if (!(-f $file));
821
822	local $/;
823
824	open(my $include_file, '<', "$file")
825	    or warn "$P: Can't read '$file' $!\n";
826	my $text = <$include_file>;
827	close($include_file);
828
829	my @lines = split('\n', $text);
830
831	foreach my $line (@lines) {
832		next if ($line !~ /(?:[A-Z][a-z]|[a-z][A-Z])/);
833		if ($line =~ /^[ \t]*(?:#[ \t]*define|typedef\s+$Type)\s+(\w*(?:[A-Z][a-z]|[a-z][A-Z])\w*)/) {
834			$camelcase{$1} = 1;
835		} elsif ($line =~ /^\s*$Declare\s+(\w*(?:[A-Z][a-z]|[a-z][A-Z])\w*)\s*[\(\[,;]/) {
836			$camelcase{$1} = 1;
837		} elsif ($line =~ /^\s*(?:union|struct|enum)\s+(\w*(?:[A-Z][a-z]|[a-z][A-Z])\w*)\s*[;\{]/) {
838			$camelcase{$1} = 1;
839		}
840	}
841}
842
843sub is_maintained_obsolete {
844	my ($filename) = @_;
845
846	return 0 if (!$tree || !(-e "$root/scripts/get_maintainer.pl"));
847
848	my $status = `perl $root/scripts/get_maintainer.pl --status --nom --nol --nogit --nogit-fallback -f $filename 2>&1`;
849
850	return $status =~ /obsolete/i;
851}
852
853sub is_SPDX_License_valid {
854	my ($license) = @_;
855
856	return 1 if (!$tree || which("python") eq "" || !(-e "$root/scripts/spdxcheck.py") || !(-e "$root/.git"));
857
858	my $root_path = abs_path($root);
859	my $status = `cd "$root_path"; echo "$license" | python scripts/spdxcheck.py -`;
860	return 0 if ($status ne "");
861	return 1;
862}
863
864my $camelcase_seeded = 0;
865sub seed_camelcase_includes {
866	return if ($camelcase_seeded);
867
868	my $files;
869	my $camelcase_cache = "";
870	my @include_files = ();
871
872	$camelcase_seeded = 1;
873
874	if (-e ".git") {
875		my $git_last_include_commit = `git log --no-merges --pretty=format:"%h%n" -1 -- include`;
876		chomp $git_last_include_commit;
877		$camelcase_cache = ".checkpatch-camelcase.git.$git_last_include_commit";
878	} else {
879		my $last_mod_date = 0;
880		$files = `find $root/include -name "*.h"`;
881		@include_files = split('\n', $files);
882		foreach my $file (@include_files) {
883			my $date = POSIX::strftime("%Y%m%d%H%M",
884						   localtime((stat $file)[9]));
885			$last_mod_date = $date if ($last_mod_date < $date);
886		}
887		$camelcase_cache = ".checkpatch-camelcase.date.$last_mod_date";
888	}
889
890	if ($camelcase_cache ne "" && -f $camelcase_cache) {
891		open(my $camelcase_file, '<', "$camelcase_cache")
892		    or warn "$P: Can't read '$camelcase_cache' $!\n";
893		while (<$camelcase_file>) {
894			chomp;
895			$camelcase{$_} = 1;
896		}
897		close($camelcase_file);
898
899		return;
900	}
901
902	if (-e ".git") {
903		$files = `git ls-files "include/*.h"`;
904		@include_files = split('\n', $files);
905	}
906
907	foreach my $file (@include_files) {
908		seed_camelcase_file($file);
909	}
910
911	if ($camelcase_cache ne "") {
912		unlink glob ".checkpatch-camelcase.*";
913		open(my $camelcase_file, '>', "$camelcase_cache")
914		    or warn "$P: Can't write '$camelcase_cache' $!\n";
915		foreach (sort { lc($a) cmp lc($b) } keys(%camelcase)) {
916			print $camelcase_file ("$_\n");
917		}
918		close($camelcase_file);
919	}
920}
921
922sub git_commit_info {
923	my ($commit, $id, $desc) = @_;
924
925	return ($id, $desc) if ((which("git") eq "") || !(-e ".git"));
926
927	my $output = `git log --no-color --format='%H %s' -1 $commit 2>&1`;
928	$output =~ s/^\s*//gm;
929	my @lines = split("\n", $output);
930
931	return ($id, $desc) if ($#lines < 0);
932
933	if ($lines[0] =~ /^error: short SHA1 $commit is ambiguous\./) {
934# Maybe one day convert this block of bash into something that returns
935# all matching commit ids, but it's very slow...
936#
937#		echo "checking commits $1..."
938#		git rev-list --remotes | grep -i "^$1" |
939#		while read line ; do
940#		    git log --format='%H %s' -1 $line |
941#		    echo "commit $(cut -c 1-12,41-)"
942#		done
943	} elsif ($lines[0] =~ /^fatal: ambiguous argument '$commit': unknown revision or path not in the working tree\./) {
944		$id = undef;
945	} else {
946		$id = substr($lines[0], 0, 12);
947		$desc = substr($lines[0], 41);
948	}
949
950	return ($id, $desc);
951}
952
953$chk_signoff = 0 if ($file);
954
955my @rawlines = ();
956my @lines = ();
957my @fixed = ();
958my @fixed_inserted = ();
959my @fixed_deleted = ();
960my $fixlinenr = -1;
961
962# If input is git commits, extract all commits from the commit expressions.
963# For example, HEAD-3 means we need check 'HEAD, HEAD~1, HEAD~2'.
964die "$P: No git repository found\n" if ($git && !-e ".git");
965
966if ($git) {
967	my @commits = ();
968	foreach my $commit_expr (@ARGV) {
969		my $git_range;
970		if ($commit_expr =~ m/^(.*)-(\d+)$/) {
971			$git_range = "-$2 $1";
972		} elsif ($commit_expr =~ m/\.\./) {
973			$git_range = "$commit_expr";
974		} else {
975			$git_range = "-1 $commit_expr";
976		}
977		my $lines = `git log --no-color --no-merges --pretty=format:'%H %s' $git_range`;
978		foreach my $line (split(/\n/, $lines)) {
979			$line =~ /^([0-9a-fA-F]{40,40}) (.*)$/;
980			next if (!defined($1) || !defined($2));
981			my $sha1 = $1;
982			my $subject = $2;
983			unshift(@commits, $sha1);
984			$git_commits{$sha1} = $subject;
985		}
986	}
987	die "$P: no git commits after extraction!\n" if (@commits == 0);
988	@ARGV = @commits;
989}
990
991my $vname;
992for my $filename (@ARGV) {
993	my $FILE;
994	if ($git) {
995		open($FILE, '-|', "git format-patch -M --stdout -1 $filename") ||
996			die "$P: $filename: git format-patch failed - $!\n";
997	} elsif ($file) {
998		open($FILE, '-|', "diff -u /dev/null $filename") ||
999			die "$P: $filename: diff failed - $!\n";
1000	} elsif ($filename eq '-') {
1001		open($FILE, '<&STDIN');
1002	} else {
1003		open($FILE, '<', "$filename") ||
1004			die "$P: $filename: open failed - $!\n";
1005	}
1006	if ($filename eq '-') {
1007		$vname = 'Your patch';
1008	} elsif ($git) {
1009		$vname = "Commit " . substr($filename, 0, 12) . ' ("' . $git_commits{$filename} . '")';
1010	} else {
1011		$vname = $filename;
1012	}
1013	while (<$FILE>) {
1014		chomp;
1015		push(@rawlines, $_);
1016	}
1017	close($FILE);
1018
1019	if ($#ARGV > 0 && $quiet == 0) {
1020		print '-' x length($vname) . "\n";
1021		print "$vname\n";
1022		print '-' x length($vname) . "\n";
1023	}
1024
1025	if (!process($filename)) {
1026		$exit = 1;
1027	}
1028	@rawlines = ();
1029	@lines = ();
1030	@fixed = ();
1031	@fixed_inserted = ();
1032	@fixed_deleted = ();
1033	$fixlinenr = -1;
1034	@modifierListFile = ();
1035	@typeListFile = ();
1036	build_types();
1037}
1038
1039if (!$quiet) {
1040	hash_show_words(\%use_type, "Used");
1041	hash_show_words(\%ignore_type, "Ignored");
1042
1043	if (!$perl_version_ok) {
1044		print << "EOM"
1045
1046NOTE: perl $^V is not modern enough to detect all possible issues.
1047      An upgrade to at least perl $minimum_perl_version is suggested.
1048EOM
1049	}
1050	if ($exit) {
1051		print << "EOM"
1052
1053NOTE: If any of the errors are false positives, please report
1054      them to the maintainer, see CHECKPATCH in MAINTAINERS.
1055EOM
1056	}
1057}
1058
1059exit($exit);
1060
1061sub top_of_kernel_tree {
1062	my ($root) = @_;
1063
1064	my @tree_check = (
1065		"COPYING", "CREDITS", "Kbuild", "MAINTAINERS", "Makefile",
1066		"README", "Documentation", "arch", "include", "drivers",
1067		"fs", "init", "ipc", "kernel", "lib", "scripts",
1068	);
1069
1070	foreach my $check (@tree_check) {
1071		if (! -e $root . '/' . $check) {
1072			return 0;
1073		}
1074	}
1075	return 1;
1076}
1077
1078sub parse_email {
1079	my ($formatted_email) = @_;
1080
1081	my $name = "";
1082	my $address = "";
1083	my $comment = "";
1084
1085	if ($formatted_email =~ /^(.*)<(\S+\@\S+)>(.*)$/) {
1086		$name = $1;
1087		$address = $2;
1088		$comment = $3 if defined $3;
1089	} elsif ($formatted_email =~ /^\s*<(\S+\@\S+)>(.*)$/) {
1090		$address = $1;
1091		$comment = $2 if defined $2;
1092	} elsif ($formatted_email =~ /(\S+\@\S+)(.*)$/) {
1093		$address = $1;
1094		$comment = $2 if defined $2;
1095		$formatted_email =~ s/\Q$address\E.*$//;
1096		$name = $formatted_email;
1097		$name = trim($name);
1098		$name =~ s/^\"|\"$//g;
1099		# If there's a name left after stripping spaces and
1100		# leading quotes, and the address doesn't have both
1101		# leading and trailing angle brackets, the address
1102		# is invalid. ie:
1103		#   "joe smith joe@smith.com" bad
1104		#   "joe smith <joe@smith.com" bad
1105		if ($name ne "" && $address !~ /^<[^>]+>$/) {
1106			$name = "";
1107			$address = "";
1108			$comment = "";
1109		}
1110	}
1111
1112	$name = trim($name);
1113	$name =~ s/^\"|\"$//g;
1114	$address = trim($address);
1115	$address =~ s/^\<|\>$//g;
1116
1117	if ($name =~ /[^\w \-]/i) { ##has "must quote" chars
1118		$name =~ s/(?<!\\)"/\\"/g; ##escape quotes
1119		$name = "\"$name\"";
1120	}
1121
1122	return ($name, $address, $comment);
1123}
1124
1125sub format_email {
1126	my ($name, $address) = @_;
1127
1128	my $formatted_email;
1129
1130	$name = trim($name);
1131	$name =~ s/^\"|\"$//g;
1132	$address = trim($address);
1133
1134	if ($name =~ /[^\w \-]/i) { ##has "must quote" chars
1135		$name =~ s/(?<!\\)"/\\"/g; ##escape quotes
1136		$name = "\"$name\"";
1137	}
1138
1139	if ("$name" eq "") {
1140		$formatted_email = "$address";
1141	} else {
1142		$formatted_email = "$name <$address>";
1143	}
1144
1145	return $formatted_email;
1146}
1147
1148sub which {
1149	my ($bin) = @_;
1150
1151	foreach my $path (split(/:/, $ENV{PATH})) {
1152		if (-e "$path/$bin") {
1153			return "$path/$bin";
1154		}
1155	}
1156
1157	return "";
1158}
1159
1160sub which_conf {
1161	my ($conf) = @_;
1162
1163	foreach my $path (split(/:/, ".:$ENV{HOME}:.scripts")) {
1164		if (-e "$path/$conf") {
1165			return "$path/$conf";
1166		}
1167	}
1168
1169	return "";
1170}
1171
1172sub expand_tabs {
1173	my ($str) = @_;
1174
1175	my $res = '';
1176	my $n = 0;
1177	for my $c (split(//, $str)) {
1178		if ($c eq "\t") {
1179			$res .= ' ';
1180			$n++;
1181			for (; ($n % 8) != 0; $n++) {
1182				$res .= ' ';
1183			}
1184			next;
1185		}
1186		$res .= $c;
1187		$n++;
1188	}
1189
1190	return $res;
1191}
1192sub copy_spacing {
1193	(my $res = shift) =~ tr/\t/ /c;
1194	return $res;
1195}
1196
1197sub line_stats {
1198	my ($line) = @_;
1199
1200	# Drop the diff line leader and expand tabs
1201	$line =~ s/^.//;
1202	$line = expand_tabs($line);
1203
1204	# Pick the indent from the front of the line.
1205	my ($white) = ($line =~ /^(\s*)/);
1206
1207	return (length($line), length($white));
1208}
1209
1210my $sanitise_quote = '';
1211
1212sub sanitise_line_reset {
1213	my ($in_comment) = @_;
1214
1215	if ($in_comment) {
1216		$sanitise_quote = '*/';
1217	} else {
1218		$sanitise_quote = '';
1219	}
1220}
1221sub sanitise_line {
1222	my ($line) = @_;
1223
1224	my $res = '';
1225	my $l = '';
1226
1227	my $qlen = 0;
1228	my $off = 0;
1229	my $c;
1230
1231	# Always copy over the diff marker.
1232	$res = substr($line, 0, 1);
1233
1234	for ($off = 1; $off < length($line); $off++) {
1235		$c = substr($line, $off, 1);
1236
1237		# Comments we are whacking completely including the begin
1238		# and end, all to $;.
1239		if ($sanitise_quote eq '' && substr($line, $off, 2) eq '/*') {
1240			$sanitise_quote = '*/';
1241
1242			substr($res, $off, 2, "$;$;");
1243			$off++;
1244			next;
1245		}
1246		if ($sanitise_quote eq '*/' && substr($line, $off, 2) eq '*/') {
1247			$sanitise_quote = '';
1248			substr($res, $off, 2, "$;$;");
1249			$off++;
1250			next;
1251		}
1252		if ($sanitise_quote eq '' && substr($line, $off, 2) eq '//') {
1253			$sanitise_quote = '//';
1254
1255			substr($res, $off, 2, $sanitise_quote);
1256			$off++;
1257			next;
1258		}
1259
1260		# A \ in a string means ignore the next character.
1261		if (($sanitise_quote eq "'" || $sanitise_quote eq '"') &&
1262		    $c eq "\\") {
1263			substr($res, $off, 2, 'XX');
1264			$off++;
1265			next;
1266		}
1267		# Regular quotes.
1268		if ($c eq "'" || $c eq '"') {
1269			if ($sanitise_quote eq '') {
1270				$sanitise_quote = $c;
1271
1272				substr($res, $off, 1, $c);
1273				next;
1274			} elsif ($sanitise_quote eq $c) {
1275				$sanitise_quote = '';
1276			}
1277		}
1278
1279		#print "c<$c> SQ<$sanitise_quote>\n";
1280		if ($off != 0 && $sanitise_quote eq '*/' && $c ne "\t") {
1281			substr($res, $off, 1, $;);
1282		} elsif ($off != 0 && $sanitise_quote eq '//' && $c ne "\t") {
1283			substr($res, $off, 1, $;);
1284		} elsif ($off != 0 && $sanitise_quote && $c ne "\t") {
1285			substr($res, $off, 1, 'X');
1286		} else {
1287			substr($res, $off, 1, $c);
1288		}
1289	}
1290
1291	if ($sanitise_quote eq '//') {
1292		$sanitise_quote = '';
1293	}
1294
1295	# The pathname on a #include may be surrounded by '<' and '>'.
1296	if ($res =~ /^.\s*\#\s*include\s+\<(.*)\>/) {
1297		my $clean = 'X' x length($1);
1298		$res =~ s@\<.*\>@<$clean>@;
1299
1300	# The whole of a #error is a string.
1301	} elsif ($res =~ /^.\s*\#\s*(?:error|warning)\s+(.*)\b/) {
1302		my $clean = 'X' x length($1);
1303		$res =~ s@(\#\s*(?:error|warning)\s+).*@$1$clean@;
1304	}
1305
1306	if ($allow_c99_comments && $res =~ m@(//.*$)@) {
1307		my $match = $1;
1308		$res =~ s/\Q$match\E/"$;" x length($match)/e;
1309	}
1310
1311	return $res;
1312}
1313
1314sub get_quoted_string {
1315	my ($line, $rawline) = @_;
1316
1317	return "" if (!defined($line) || !defined($rawline));
1318	return "" if ($line !~ m/($String)/g);
1319	return substr($rawline, $-[0], $+[0] - $-[0]);
1320}
1321
1322sub ctx_statement_block {
1323	my ($linenr, $remain, $off) = @_;
1324	my $line = $linenr - 1;
1325	my $blk = '';
1326	my $soff = $off;
1327	my $coff = $off - 1;
1328	my $coff_set = 0;
1329
1330	my $loff = 0;
1331
1332	my $type = '';
1333	my $level = 0;
1334	my @stack = ();
1335	my $p;
1336	my $c;
1337	my $len = 0;
1338
1339	my $remainder;
1340	while (1) {
1341		@stack = (['', 0]) if ($#stack == -1);
1342
1343		#warn "CSB: blk<$blk> remain<$remain>\n";
1344		# If we are about to drop off the end, pull in more
1345		# context.
1346		if ($off >= $len) {
1347			for (; $remain > 0; $line++) {
1348				last if (!defined $lines[$line]);
1349				next if ($lines[$line] =~ /^-/);
1350				$remain--;
1351				$loff = $len;
1352				$blk .= $lines[$line] . "\n";
1353				$len = length($blk);
1354				$line++;
1355				last;
1356			}
1357			# Bail if there is no further context.
1358			#warn "CSB: blk<$blk> off<$off> len<$len>\n";
1359			if ($off >= $len) {
1360				last;
1361			}
1362			if ($level == 0 && substr($blk, $off) =~ /^.\s*#\s*define/) {
1363				$level++;
1364				$type = '#';
1365			}
1366		}
1367		$p = $c;
1368		$c = substr($blk, $off, 1);
1369		$remainder = substr($blk, $off);
1370
1371		#warn "CSB: c<$c> type<$type> level<$level> remainder<$remainder> coff_set<$coff_set>\n";
1372
1373		# Handle nested #if/#else.
1374		if ($remainder =~ /^#\s*(?:ifndef|ifdef|if)\s/) {
1375			push(@stack, [ $type, $level ]);
1376		} elsif ($remainder =~ /^#\s*(?:else|elif)\b/) {
1377			($type, $level) = @{$stack[$#stack - 1]};
1378		} elsif ($remainder =~ /^#\s*endif\b/) {
1379			($type, $level) = @{pop(@stack)};
1380		}
1381
1382		# Statement ends at the ';' or a close '}' at the
1383		# outermost level.
1384		if ($level == 0 && $c eq ';') {
1385			last;
1386		}
1387
1388		# An else is really a conditional as long as its not else if
1389		if ($level == 0 && $coff_set == 0 &&
1390				(!defined($p) || $p =~ /(?:\s|\}|\+)/) &&
1391				$remainder =~ /^(else)(?:\s|{)/ &&
1392				$remainder !~ /^else\s+if\b/) {
1393			$coff = $off + length($1) - 1;
1394			$coff_set = 1;
1395			#warn "CSB: mark coff<$coff> soff<$soff> 1<$1>\n";
1396			#warn "[" . substr($blk, $soff, $coff - $soff + 1) . "]\n";
1397		}
1398
1399		if (($type eq '' || $type eq '(') && $c eq '(') {
1400			$level++;
1401			$type = '(';
1402		}
1403		if ($type eq '(' && $c eq ')') {
1404			$level--;
1405			$type = ($level != 0)? '(' : '';
1406
1407			if ($level == 0 && $coff < $soff) {
1408				$coff = $off;
1409				$coff_set = 1;
1410				#warn "CSB: mark coff<$coff>\n";
1411			}
1412		}
1413		if (($type eq '' || $type eq '{') && $c eq '{') {
1414			$level++;
1415			$type = '{';
1416		}
1417		if ($type eq '{' && $c eq '}') {
1418			$level--;
1419			$type = ($level != 0)? '{' : '';
1420
1421			if ($level == 0) {
1422				if (substr($blk, $off + 1, 1) eq ';') {
1423					$off++;
1424				}
1425				last;
1426			}
1427		}
1428		# Preprocessor commands end at the newline unless escaped.
1429		if ($type eq '#' && $c eq "\n" && $p ne "\\") {
1430			$level--;
1431			$type = '';
1432			$off++;
1433			last;
1434		}
1435		$off++;
1436	}
1437	# We are truly at the end, so shuffle to the next line.
1438	if ($off == $len) {
1439		$loff = $len + 1;
1440		$line++;
1441		$remain--;
1442	}
1443
1444	my $statement = substr($blk, $soff, $off - $soff + 1);
1445	my $condition = substr($blk, $soff, $coff - $soff + 1);
1446
1447	#warn "STATEMENT<$statement>\n";
1448	#warn "CONDITION<$condition>\n";
1449
1450	#print "coff<$coff> soff<$off> loff<$loff>\n";
1451
1452	return ($statement, $condition,
1453			$line, $remain + 1, $off - $loff + 1, $level);
1454}
1455
1456sub statement_lines {
1457	my ($stmt) = @_;
1458
1459	# Strip the diff line prefixes and rip blank lines at start and end.
1460	$stmt =~ s/(^|\n)./$1/g;
1461	$stmt =~ s/^\s*//;
1462	$stmt =~ s/\s*$//;
1463
1464	my @stmt_lines = ($stmt =~ /\n/g);
1465
1466	return $#stmt_lines + 2;
1467}
1468
1469sub statement_rawlines {
1470	my ($stmt) = @_;
1471
1472	my @stmt_lines = ($stmt =~ /\n/g);
1473
1474	return $#stmt_lines + 2;
1475}
1476
1477sub statement_block_size {
1478	my ($stmt) = @_;
1479
1480	$stmt =~ s/(^|\n)./$1/g;
1481	$stmt =~ s/^\s*{//;
1482	$stmt =~ s/}\s*$//;
1483	$stmt =~ s/^\s*//;
1484	$stmt =~ s/\s*$//;
1485
1486	my @stmt_lines = ($stmt =~ /\n/g);
1487	my @stmt_statements = ($stmt =~ /;/g);
1488
1489	my $stmt_lines = $#stmt_lines + 2;
1490	my $stmt_statements = $#stmt_statements + 1;
1491
1492	if ($stmt_lines > $stmt_statements) {
1493		return $stmt_lines;
1494	} else {
1495		return $stmt_statements;
1496	}
1497}
1498
1499sub ctx_statement_full {
1500	my ($linenr, $remain, $off) = @_;
1501	my ($statement, $condition, $level);
1502
1503	my (@chunks);
1504
1505	# Grab the first conditional/block pair.
1506	($statement, $condition, $linenr, $remain, $off, $level) =
1507				ctx_statement_block($linenr, $remain, $off);
1508	#print "F: c<$condition> s<$statement> remain<$remain>\n";
1509	push(@chunks, [ $condition, $statement ]);
1510	if (!($remain > 0 && $condition =~ /^\s*(?:\n[+-])?\s*(?:if|else|do)\b/s)) {
1511		return ($level, $linenr, @chunks);
1512	}
1513
1514	# Pull in the following conditional/block pairs and see if they
1515	# could continue the statement.
1516	for (;;) {
1517		($statement, $condition, $linenr, $remain, $off, $level) =
1518				ctx_statement_block($linenr, $remain, $off);
1519		#print "C: c<$condition> s<$statement> remain<$remain>\n";
1520		last if (!($remain > 0 && $condition =~ /^(?:\s*\n[+-])*\s*(?:else|do)\b/s));
1521		#print "C: push\n";
1522		push(@chunks, [ $condition, $statement ]);
1523	}
1524
1525	return ($level, $linenr, @chunks);
1526}
1527
1528sub ctx_block_get {
1529	my ($linenr, $remain, $outer, $open, $close, $off) = @_;
1530	my $line;
1531	my $start = $linenr - 1;
1532	my $blk = '';
1533	my @o;
1534	my @c;
1535	my @res = ();
1536
1537	my $level = 0;
1538	my @stack = ($level);
1539	for ($line = $start; $remain > 0; $line++) {
1540		next if ($rawlines[$line] =~ /^-/);
1541		$remain--;
1542
1543		$blk .= $rawlines[$line];
1544
1545		# Handle nested #if/#else.
1546		if ($lines[$line] =~ /^.\s*#\s*(?:ifndef|ifdef|if)\s/) {
1547			push(@stack, $level);
1548		} elsif ($lines[$line] =~ /^.\s*#\s*(?:else|elif)\b/) {
1549			$level = $stack[$#stack - 1];
1550		} elsif ($lines[$line] =~ /^.\s*#\s*endif\b/) {
1551			$level = pop(@stack);
1552		}
1553
1554		foreach my $c (split(//, $lines[$line])) {
1555			##print "C<$c>L<$level><$open$close>O<$off>\n";
1556			if ($off > 0) {
1557				$off--;
1558				next;
1559			}
1560
1561			if ($c eq $close && $level > 0) {
1562				$level--;
1563				last if ($level == 0);
1564			} elsif ($c eq $open) {
1565				$level++;
1566			}
1567		}
1568
1569		if (!$outer || $level <= 1) {
1570			push(@res, $rawlines[$line]);
1571		}
1572
1573		last if ($level == 0);
1574	}
1575
1576	return ($level, @res);
1577}
1578sub ctx_block_outer {
1579	my ($linenr, $remain) = @_;
1580
1581	my ($level, @r) = ctx_block_get($linenr, $remain, 1, '{', '}', 0);
1582	return @r;
1583}
1584sub ctx_block {
1585	my ($linenr, $remain) = @_;
1586
1587	my ($level, @r) = ctx_block_get($linenr, $remain, 0, '{', '}', 0);
1588	return @r;
1589}
1590sub ctx_statement {
1591	my ($linenr, $remain, $off) = @_;
1592
1593	my ($level, @r) = ctx_block_get($linenr, $remain, 0, '(', ')', $off);
1594	return @r;
1595}
1596sub ctx_block_level {
1597	my ($linenr, $remain) = @_;
1598
1599	return ctx_block_get($linenr, $remain, 0, '{', '}', 0);
1600}
1601sub ctx_statement_level {
1602	my ($linenr, $remain, $off) = @_;
1603
1604	return ctx_block_get($linenr, $remain, 0, '(', ')', $off);
1605}
1606
1607sub ctx_locate_comment {
1608	my ($first_line, $end_line) = @_;
1609
1610	# Catch a comment on the end of the line itself.
1611	my ($current_comment) = ($rawlines[$end_line - 1] =~ m@.*(/\*.*\*/)\s*(?:\\\s*)?$@);
1612	return $current_comment if (defined $current_comment);
1613
1614	# Look through the context and try and figure out if there is a
1615	# comment.
1616	my $in_comment = 0;
1617	$current_comment = '';
1618	for (my $linenr = $first_line; $linenr < $end_line; $linenr++) {
1619		my $line = $rawlines[$linenr - 1];
1620		#warn "           $line\n";
1621		if ($linenr == $first_line and $line =~ m@^.\s*\*@) {
1622			$in_comment = 1;
1623		}
1624		if ($line =~ m@/\*@) {
1625			$in_comment = 1;
1626		}
1627		if (!$in_comment && $current_comment ne '') {
1628			$current_comment = '';
1629		}
1630		$current_comment .= $line . "\n" if ($in_comment);
1631		if ($line =~ m@\*/@) {
1632			$in_comment = 0;
1633		}
1634	}
1635
1636	chomp($current_comment);
1637	return($current_comment);
1638}
1639sub ctx_has_comment {
1640	my ($first_line, $end_line) = @_;
1641	my $cmt = ctx_locate_comment($first_line, $end_line);
1642
1643	##print "LINE: $rawlines[$end_line - 1 ]\n";
1644	##print "CMMT: $cmt\n";
1645
1646	return ($cmt ne '');
1647}
1648
1649sub raw_line {
1650	my ($linenr, $cnt) = @_;
1651
1652	my $offset = $linenr - 1;
1653	$cnt++;
1654
1655	my $line;
1656	while ($cnt) {
1657		$line = $rawlines[$offset++];
1658		next if (defined($line) && $line =~ /^-/);
1659		$cnt--;
1660	}
1661
1662	return $line;
1663}
1664
1665sub get_stat_real {
1666	my ($linenr, $lc) = @_;
1667
1668	my $stat_real = raw_line($linenr, 0);
1669	for (my $count = $linenr + 1; $count <= $lc; $count++) {
1670		$stat_real = $stat_real . "\n" . raw_line($count, 0);
1671	}
1672
1673	return $stat_real;
1674}
1675
1676sub get_stat_here {
1677	my ($linenr, $cnt, $here) = @_;
1678
1679	my $herectx = $here . "\n";
1680	for (my $n = 0; $n < $cnt; $n++) {
1681		$herectx .= raw_line($linenr, $n) . "\n";
1682	}
1683
1684	return $herectx;
1685}
1686
1687sub cat_vet {
1688	my ($vet) = @_;
1689	my ($res, $coded);
1690
1691	$res = '';
1692	while ($vet =~ /([^[:cntrl:]]*)([[:cntrl:]]|$)/g) {
1693		$res .= $1;
1694		if ($2 ne '') {
1695			$coded = sprintf("^%c", unpack('C', $2) + 64);
1696			$res .= $coded;
1697		}
1698	}
1699	$res =~ s/$/\$/;
1700
1701	return $res;
1702}
1703
1704my $av_preprocessor = 0;
1705my $av_pending;
1706my @av_paren_type;
1707my $av_pend_colon;
1708
1709sub annotate_reset {
1710	$av_preprocessor = 0;
1711	$av_pending = '_';
1712	@av_paren_type = ('E');
1713	$av_pend_colon = 'O';
1714}
1715
1716sub annotate_values {
1717	my ($stream, $type) = @_;
1718
1719	my $res;
1720	my $var = '_' x length($stream);
1721	my $cur = $stream;
1722
1723	print "$stream\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1724
1725	while (length($cur)) {
1726		@av_paren_type = ('E') if ($#av_paren_type < 0);
1727		print " <" . join('', @av_paren_type) .
1728				"> <$type> <$av_pending>" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1729		if ($cur =~ /^(\s+)/o) {
1730			print "WS($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1731			if ($1 =~ /\n/ && $av_preprocessor) {
1732				$type = pop(@av_paren_type);
1733				$av_preprocessor = 0;
1734			}
1735
1736		} elsif ($cur =~ /^(\(\s*$Type\s*)\)/ && $av_pending eq '_') {
1737			print "CAST($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1738			push(@av_paren_type, $type);
1739			$type = 'c';
1740
1741		} elsif ($cur =~ /^($Type)\s*(?:$Ident|,|\)|\(|\s*$)/) {
1742			print "DECLARE($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1743			$type = 'T';
1744
1745		} elsif ($cur =~ /^($Modifier)\s*/) {
1746			print "MODIFIER($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1747			$type = 'T';
1748
1749		} elsif ($cur =~ /^(\#\s*define\s*$Ident)(\(?)/o) {
1750			print "DEFINE($1,$2)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1751			$av_preprocessor = 1;
1752			push(@av_paren_type, $type);
1753			if ($2 ne '') {
1754				$av_pending = 'N';
1755			}
1756			$type = 'E';
1757
1758		} elsif ($cur =~ /^(\#\s*(?:undef\s*$Ident|include\b))/o) {
1759			print "UNDEF($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1760			$av_preprocessor = 1;
1761			push(@av_paren_type, $type);
1762
1763		} elsif ($cur =~ /^(\#\s*(?:ifdef|ifndef|if))/o) {
1764			print "PRE_START($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1765			$av_preprocessor = 1;
1766
1767			push(@av_paren_type, $type);
1768			push(@av_paren_type, $type);
1769			$type = 'E';
1770
1771		} elsif ($cur =~ /^(\#\s*(?:else|elif))/o) {
1772			print "PRE_RESTART($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1773			$av_preprocessor = 1;
1774
1775			push(@av_paren_type, $av_paren_type[$#av_paren_type]);
1776
1777			$type = 'E';
1778
1779		} elsif ($cur =~ /^(\#\s*(?:endif))/o) {
1780			print "PRE_END($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1781
1782			$av_preprocessor = 1;
1783
1784			# Assume all arms of the conditional end as this
1785			# one does, and continue as if the #endif was not here.
1786			pop(@av_paren_type);
1787			push(@av_paren_type, $type);
1788			$type = 'E';
1789
1790		} elsif ($cur =~ /^(\\\n)/o) {
1791			print "PRECONT($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1792
1793		} elsif ($cur =~ /^(__attribute__)\s*\(?/o) {
1794			print "ATTR($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1795			$av_pending = $type;
1796			$type = 'N';
1797
1798		} elsif ($cur =~ /^(sizeof)\s*(\()?/o) {
1799			print "SIZEOF($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1800			if (defined $2) {
1801				$av_pending = 'V';
1802			}
1803			$type = 'N';
1804
1805		} elsif ($cur =~ /^(if|while|for)\b/o) {
1806			print "COND($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1807			$av_pending = 'E';
1808			$type = 'N';
1809
1810		} elsif ($cur =~/^(case)/o) {
1811			print "CASE($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1812			$av_pend_colon = 'C';
1813			$type = 'N';
1814
1815		} elsif ($cur =~/^(return|else|goto|typeof|__typeof__)\b/o) {
1816			print "KEYWORD($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1817			$type = 'N';
1818
1819		} elsif ($cur =~ /^(\()/o) {
1820			print "PAREN('$1')\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1821			push(@av_paren_type, $av_pending);
1822			$av_pending = '_';
1823			$type = 'N';
1824
1825		} elsif ($cur =~ /^(\))/o) {
1826			my $new_type = pop(@av_paren_type);
1827			if ($new_type ne '_') {
1828				$type = $new_type;
1829				print "PAREN('$1') -> $type\n"
1830							if ($dbg_values > 1);
1831			} else {
1832				print "PAREN('$1')\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1833			}
1834
1835		} elsif ($cur =~ /^($Ident)\s*\(/o) {
1836			print "FUNC($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1837			$type = 'V';
1838			$av_pending = 'V';
1839
1840		} elsif ($cur =~ /^($Ident\s*):(?:\s*\d+\s*(,|=|;))?/) {
1841			if (defined $2 && $type eq 'C' || $type eq 'T') {
1842				$av_pend_colon = 'B';
1843			} elsif ($type eq 'E') {
1844				$av_pend_colon = 'L';
1845			}
1846			print "IDENT_COLON($1,$type>$av_pend_colon)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1847			$type = 'V';
1848
1849		} elsif ($cur =~ /^($Ident|$Constant)/o) {
1850			print "IDENT($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1851			$type = 'V';
1852
1853		} elsif ($cur =~ /^($Assignment)/o) {
1854			print "ASSIGN($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1855			$type = 'N';
1856
1857		} elsif ($cur =~/^(;|{|})/) {
1858			print "END($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1859			$type = 'E';
1860			$av_pend_colon = 'O';
1861
1862		} elsif ($cur =~/^(,)/) {
1863			print "COMMA($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1864			$type = 'C';
1865
1866		} elsif ($cur =~ /^(\?)/o) {
1867			print "QUESTION($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1868			$type = 'N';
1869
1870		} elsif ($cur =~ /^(:)/o) {
1871			print "COLON($1,$av_pend_colon)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1872
1873			substr($var, length($res), 1, $av_pend_colon);
1874			if ($av_pend_colon eq 'C' || $av_pend_colon eq 'L') {
1875				$type = 'E';
1876			} else {
1877				$type = 'N';
1878			}
1879			$av_pend_colon = 'O';
1880
1881		} elsif ($cur =~ /^(\[)/o) {
1882			print "CLOSE($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1883			$type = 'N';
1884
1885		} elsif ($cur =~ /^(-(?![->])|\+(?!\+)|\*|\&\&|\&)/o) {
1886			my $variant;
1887
1888			print "OPV($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1889			if ($type eq 'V') {
1890				$variant = 'B';
1891			} else {
1892				$variant = 'U';
1893			}
1894
1895			substr($var, length($res), 1, $variant);
1896			$type = 'N';
1897
1898		} elsif ($cur =~ /^($Operators)/o) {
1899			print "OP($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1900			if ($1 ne '++' && $1 ne '--') {
1901				$type = 'N';
1902			}
1903
1904		} elsif ($cur =~ /(^.)/o) {
1905			print "C($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1906		}
1907		if (defined $1) {
1908			$cur = substr($cur, length($1));
1909			$res .= $type x length($1);
1910		}
1911	}
1912
1913	return ($res, $var);
1914}
1915
1916sub possible {
1917	my ($possible, $line) = @_;
1918	my $notPermitted = qr{(?:
1919		^(?:
1920			$Modifier|
1921			$Storage|
1922			$Type|
1923			DEFINE_\S+
1924		)$|
1925		^(?:
1926			goto|
1927			return|
1928			case|
1929			else|
1930			asm|__asm__|
1931			do|
1932			\#|
1933			\#\#|
1934		)(?:\s|$)|
1935		^(?:typedef|struct|enum)\b
1936	    )}x;
1937	warn "CHECK<$possible> ($line)\n" if ($dbg_possible > 2);
1938	if ($possible !~ $notPermitted) {
1939		# Check for modifiers.
1940		$possible =~ s/\s*$Storage\s*//g;
1941		$possible =~ s/\s*$Sparse\s*//g;
1942		if ($possible =~ /^\s*$/) {
1943
1944		} elsif ($possible =~ /\s/) {
1945			$possible =~ s/\s*$Type\s*//g;
1946			for my $modifier (split(' ', $possible)) {
1947				if ($modifier !~ $notPermitted) {
1948					warn "MODIFIER: $modifier ($possible) ($line)\n" if ($dbg_possible);
1949					push(@modifierListFile, $modifier);
1950				}
1951			}
1952
1953		} else {
1954			warn "POSSIBLE: $possible ($line)\n" if ($dbg_possible);
1955			push(@typeListFile, $possible);
1956		}
1957		build_types();
1958	} else {
1959		warn "NOTPOSS: $possible ($line)\n" if ($dbg_possible > 1);
1960	}
1961}
1962
1963my $prefix = '';
1964
1965sub show_type {
1966	my ($type) = @_;
1967
1968	$type =~ tr/[a-z]/[A-Z]/;
1969
1970	return defined $use_type{$type} if (scalar keys %use_type > 0);
1971
1972	return !defined $ignore_type{$type};
1973}
1974
1975sub report {
1976	my ($level, $type, $msg) = @_;
1977
1978	if (!show_type($type) ||
1979	    (defined $tst_only && $msg !~ /\Q$tst_only\E/)) {
1980		return 0;
1981	}
1982	my $output = '';
1983	if ($color) {
1984		if ($level eq 'ERROR') {
1985			$output .= RED;
1986		} elsif ($level eq 'WARNING') {
1987			$output .= YELLOW;
1988		} else {
1989			$output .= GREEN;
1990		}
1991	}
1992	$output .= $prefix . $level . ':';
1993	if ($show_types) {
1994		$output .= BLUE if ($color);
1995		$output .= "$type:";
1996	}
1997	$output .= RESET if ($color);
1998	$output .= ' ' . $msg . "\n";
1999
2000	if ($showfile) {
2001		my @lines = split("\n", $output, -1);
2002		splice(@lines, 1, 1);
2003		$output = join("\n", @lines);
2004	}
2005	$output = (split('\n', $output))[0] . "\n" if ($terse);
2006
2007	push(our @report, $output);
2008
2009	return 1;
2010}
2011
2012sub report_dump {
2013	our @report;
2014}
2015
2016sub fixup_current_range {
2017	my ($lineRef, $offset, $length) = @_;
2018
2019	if ($$lineRef =~ /^\@\@ -\d+,\d+ \+(\d+),(\d+) \@\@/) {
2020		my $o = $1;
2021		my $l = $2;
2022		my $no = $o + $offset;
2023		my $nl = $l + $length;
2024		$$lineRef =~ s/\+$o,$l \@\@/\+$no,$nl \@\@/;
2025	}
2026}
2027
2028sub fix_inserted_deleted_lines {
2029	my ($linesRef, $insertedRef, $deletedRef) = @_;
2030
2031	my $range_last_linenr = 0;
2032	my $delta_offset = 0;
2033
2034	my $old_linenr = 0;
2035	my $new_linenr = 0;
2036
2037	my $next_insert = 0;
2038	my $next_delete = 0;
2039
2040	my @lines = ();
2041
2042	my $inserted = @{$insertedRef}[$next_insert++];
2043	my $deleted = @{$deletedRef}[$next_delete++];
2044
2045	foreach my $old_line (@{$linesRef}) {
2046		my $save_line = 1;
2047		my $line = $old_line;	#don't modify the array
2048		if ($line =~ /^(?:\+\+\+|\-\-\-)\s+\S+/) {	#new filename
2049			$delta_offset = 0;
2050		} elsif ($line =~ /^\@\@ -\d+,\d+ \+\d+,\d+ \@\@/) {	#new hunk
2051			$range_last_linenr = $new_linenr;
2052			fixup_current_range(\$line, $delta_offset, 0);
2053		}
2054
2055		while (defined($deleted) && ${$deleted}{'LINENR'} == $old_linenr) {
2056			$deleted = @{$deletedRef}[$next_delete++];
2057			$save_line = 0;
2058			fixup_current_range(\$lines[$range_last_linenr], $delta_offset--, -1);
2059		}
2060
2061		while (defined($inserted) && ${$inserted}{'LINENR'} == $old_linenr) {
2062			push(@lines, ${$inserted}{'LINE'});
2063			$inserted = @{$insertedRef}[$next_insert++];
2064			$new_linenr++;
2065			fixup_current_range(\$lines[$range_last_linenr], $delta_offset++, 1);
2066		}
2067
2068		if ($save_line) {
2069			push(@lines, $line);
2070			$new_linenr++;
2071		}
2072
2073		$old_linenr++;
2074	}
2075
2076	return @lines;
2077}
2078
2079sub fix_insert_line {
2080	my ($linenr, $line) = @_;
2081
2082	my $inserted = {
2083		LINENR => $linenr,
2084		LINE => $line,
2085	};
2086	push(@fixed_inserted, $inserted);
2087}
2088
2089sub fix_delete_line {
2090	my ($linenr, $line) = @_;
2091
2092	my $deleted = {
2093		LINENR => $linenr,
2094		LINE => $line,
2095	};
2096
2097	push(@fixed_deleted, $deleted);
2098}
2099
2100sub ERROR {
2101	my ($type, $msg) = @_;
2102
2103	if (report("ERROR", $type, $msg)) {
2104		our $clean = 0;
2105		our $cnt_error++;
2106		return 1;
2107	}
2108	return 0;
2109}
2110sub WARN {
2111	my ($type, $msg) = @_;
2112
2113	if (report("WARNING", $type, $msg)) {
2114		our $clean = 0;
2115		our $cnt_warn++;
2116		return 1;
2117	}
2118	return 0;
2119}
2120sub CHK {
2121	my ($type, $msg) = @_;
2122
2123	if ($check && report("CHECK", $type, $msg)) {
2124		our $clean = 0;
2125		our $cnt_chk++;
2126		return 1;
2127	}
2128	return 0;
2129}
2130
2131sub check_absolute_file {
2132	my ($absolute, $herecurr) = @_;
2133	my $file = $absolute;
2134
2135	##print "absolute<$absolute>\n";
2136
2137	# See if any suffix of this path is a path within the tree.
2138	while ($file =~ s@^[^/]*/@@) {
2139		if (-f "$root/$file") {
2140			##print "file<$file>\n";
2141			last;
2142		}
2143	}
2144	if (! -f _)  {
2145		return 0;
2146	}
2147
2148	# It is, so see if the prefix is acceptable.
2149	my $prefix = $absolute;
2150	substr($prefix, -length($file)) = '';
2151
2152	##print "prefix<$prefix>\n";
2153	if ($prefix ne ".../") {
2154		WARN("USE_RELATIVE_PATH",
2155		     "use relative pathname instead of absolute in changelog text\n" . $herecurr);
2156	}
2157}
2158
2159sub trim {
2160	my ($string) = @_;
2161
2162	$string =~ s/^\s+|\s+$//g;
2163
2164	return $string;
2165}
2166
2167sub ltrim {
2168	my ($string) = @_;
2169
2170	$string =~ s/^\s+//;
2171
2172	return $string;
2173}
2174
2175sub rtrim {
2176	my ($string) = @_;
2177
2178	$string =~ s/\s+$//;
2179
2180	return $string;
2181}
2182
2183sub string_find_replace {
2184	my ($string, $find, $replace) = @_;
2185
2186	$string =~ s/$find/$replace/g;
2187
2188	return $string;
2189}
2190
2191sub tabify {
2192	my ($leading) = @_;
2193
2194	my $source_indent = 8;
2195	my $max_spaces_before_tab = $source_indent - 1;
2196	my $spaces_to_tab = " " x $source_indent;
2197
2198	#convert leading spaces to tabs
2199	1 while $leading =~ s@^([\t]*)$spaces_to_tab@$1\t@g;
2200	#Remove spaces before a tab
2201	1 while $leading =~ s@^([\t]*)( {1,$max_spaces_before_tab})\t@$1\t@g;
2202
2203	return "$leading";
2204}
2205
2206sub pos_last_openparen {
2207	my ($line) = @_;
2208
2209	my $pos = 0;
2210
2211	my $opens = $line =~ tr/\(/\(/;
2212	my $closes = $line =~ tr/\)/\)/;
2213
2214	my $last_openparen = 0;
2215
2216	if (($opens == 0) || ($closes >= $opens)) {
2217		return -1;
2218	}
2219
2220	my $len = length($line);
2221
2222	for ($pos = 0; $pos < $len; $pos++) {
2223		my $string = substr($line, $pos);
2224		if ($string =~ /^($FuncArg|$balanced_parens)/) {
2225			$pos += length($1) - 1;
2226		} elsif (substr($line, $pos, 1) eq '(') {
2227			$last_openparen = $pos;
2228		} elsif (index($string, '(') == -1) {
2229			last;
2230		}
2231	}
2232
2233	return length(expand_tabs(substr($line, 0, $last_openparen))) + 1;
2234}
2235
2236sub process {
2237	my $filename = shift;
2238
2239	my $linenr=0;
2240	my $prevline="";
2241	my $prevrawline="";
2242	my $stashline="";
2243	my $stashrawline="";
2244
2245	my $length;
2246	my $indent;
2247	my $previndent=0;
2248	my $stashindent=0;
2249
2250	our $clean = 1;
2251	my $signoff = 0;
2252	my $author = '';
2253	my $authorsignoff = 0;
2254	my $is_patch = 0;
2255	my $is_binding_patch = -1;
2256	my $in_header_lines = $file ? 0 : 1;
2257	my $in_commit_log = 0;		#Scanning lines before patch
2258	my $has_commit_log = 0;		#Encountered lines before patch
2259	my $commit_log_lines = 0;	#Number of commit log lines
2260	my $commit_log_possible_stack_dump = 0;
2261	my $commit_log_long_line = 0;
2262	my $commit_log_has_diff = 0;
2263	my $reported_maintainer_file = 0;
2264	my $non_utf8_charset = 0;
2265
2266	my $last_blank_line = 0;
2267	my $last_coalesced_string_linenr = -1;
2268
2269	our @report = ();
2270	our $cnt_lines = 0;
2271	our $cnt_error = 0;
2272	our $cnt_warn = 0;
2273	our $cnt_chk = 0;
2274
2275	# Trace the real file/line as we go.
2276	my $realfile = '';
2277	my $realline = 0;
2278	my $realcnt = 0;
2279	my $here = '';
2280	my $context_function;		#undef'd unless there's a known function
2281	my $in_comment = 0;
2282	my $comment_edge = 0;
2283	my $first_line = 0;
2284	my $p1_prefix = '';
2285
2286	my $prev_values = 'E';
2287
2288	# suppression flags
2289	my %suppress_ifbraces;
2290	my %suppress_whiletrailers;
2291	my %suppress_export;
2292	my $suppress_statement = 0;
2293
2294	my %signatures = ();
2295
2296	# Pre-scan the patch sanitizing the lines.
2297	# Pre-scan the patch looking for any __setup documentation.
2298	#
2299	my @setup_docs = ();
2300	my $setup_docs = 0;
2301
2302	my $camelcase_file_seeded = 0;
2303
2304	my $checklicenseline = 1;
2305
2306	sanitise_line_reset();
2307	my $line;
2308	foreach my $rawline (@rawlines) {
2309		$linenr++;
2310		$line = $rawline;
2311
2312		push(@fixed, $rawline) if ($fix);
2313
2314		if ($rawline=~/^\+\+\+\s+(\S+)/) {
2315			$setup_docs = 0;
2316			if ($1 =~ m@Documentation/admin-guide/kernel-parameters.rst$@) {
2317				$setup_docs = 1;
2318			}
2319			#next;
2320		}
2321		if ($rawline =~ /^\@\@ -\d+(?:,\d+)? \+(\d+)(,(\d+))? \@\@/) {
2322			$realline=$1-1;
2323			if (defined $2) {
2324				$realcnt=$3+1;
2325			} else {
2326				$realcnt=1+1;
2327			}
2328			$in_comment = 0;
2329
2330			# Guestimate if this is a continuing comment.  Run
2331			# the context looking for a comment "edge".  If this
2332			# edge is a close comment then we must be in a comment
2333			# at context start.
2334			my $edge;
2335			my $cnt = $realcnt;
2336			for (my $ln = $linenr + 1; $cnt > 0; $ln++) {
2337				next if (defined $rawlines[$ln - 1] &&
2338					 $rawlines[$ln - 1] =~ /^-/);
2339				$cnt--;
2340				#print "RAW<$rawlines[$ln - 1]>\n";
2341				last if (!defined $rawlines[$ln - 1]);
2342				if ($rawlines[$ln - 1] =~ m@(/\*|\*/)@ &&
2343				    $rawlines[$ln - 1] !~ m@"[^"]*(?:/\*|\*/)[^"]*"@) {
2344					($edge) = $1;
2345					last;
2346				}
2347			}
2348			if (defined $edge && $edge eq '*/') {
2349				$in_comment = 1;
2350			}
2351
2352			# Guestimate if this is a continuing comment.  If this
2353			# is the start of a diff block and this line starts
2354			# ' *' then it is very likely a comment.
2355			if (!defined $edge &&
2356			    $rawlines[$linenr] =~ m@^.\s*(?:\*\*+| \*)(?:\s|$)@)
2357			{
2358				$in_comment = 1;
2359			}
2360
2361			##print "COMMENT:$in_comment edge<$edge> $rawline\n";
2362			sanitise_line_reset($in_comment);
2363
2364		} elsif ($realcnt && $rawline =~ /^(?:\+| |$)/) {
2365			# Standardise the strings and chars within the input to
2366			# simplify matching -- only bother with positive lines.
2367			$line = sanitise_line($rawline);
2368		}
2369		push(@lines, $line);
2370
2371		if ($realcnt > 1) {
2372			$realcnt-- if ($line =~ /^(?:\+| |$)/);
2373		} else {
2374			$realcnt = 0;
2375		}
2376
2377		#print "==>$rawline\n";
2378		#print "-->$line\n";
2379
2380		if ($setup_docs && $line =~ /^\+/) {
2381			push(@setup_docs, $line);
2382		}
2383	}
2384
2385	$prefix = '';
2386
2387	$realcnt = 0;
2388	$linenr = 0;
2389	$fixlinenr = -1;
2390	foreach my $line (@lines) {
2391		$linenr++;
2392		$fixlinenr++;
2393		my $sline = $line;	#copy of $line
2394		$sline =~ s/$;/ /g;	#with comments as spaces
2395
2396		my $rawline = $rawlines[$linenr - 1];
2397
2398# check if it's a mode change, rename or start of a patch
2399		if (!$in_commit_log &&
2400		    ($line =~ /^ mode change [0-7]+ => [0-7]+ \S+\s*$/ ||
2401		    ($line =~ /^rename (?:from|to) \S+\s*$/ ||
2402		     $line =~ /^diff --git a\/[\w\/\.\_\-]+ b\/\S+\s*$/))) {
2403			$is_patch = 1;
2404		}
2405
2406#extract the line range in the file after the patch is applied
2407		if (!$in_commit_log &&
2408		    $line =~ /^\@\@ -\d+(?:,\d+)? \+(\d+)(,(\d+))? \@\@(.*)/) {
2409			my $context = $4;
2410			$is_patch = 1;
2411			$first_line = $linenr + 1;
2412			$realline=$1-1;
2413			if (defined $2) {
2414				$realcnt=$3+1;
2415			} else {
2416				$realcnt=1+1;
2417			}
2418			annotate_reset();
2419			$prev_values = 'E';
2420
2421			%suppress_ifbraces = ();
2422			%suppress_whiletrailers = ();
2423			%suppress_export = ();
2424			$suppress_statement = 0;
2425			if ($context =~ /\b(\w+)\s*\(/) {
2426				$context_function = $1;
2427			} else {
2428				undef $context_function;
2429			}
2430			next;
2431
2432# track the line number as we move through the hunk, note that
2433# new versions of GNU diff omit the leading space on completely
2434# blank context lines so we need to count that too.
2435		} elsif ($line =~ /^( |\+|$)/) {
2436			$realline++;
2437			$realcnt-- if ($realcnt != 0);
2438
2439			# Measure the line length and indent.
2440			($length, $indent) = line_stats($rawline);
2441
2442			# Track the previous line.
2443			($prevline, $stashline) = ($stashline, $line);
2444			($previndent, $stashindent) = ($stashindent, $indent);
2445			($prevrawline, $stashrawline) = ($stashrawline, $rawline);
2446
2447			#warn "line<$line>\n";
2448
2449		} elsif ($realcnt == 1) {
2450			$realcnt--;
2451		}
2452
2453		my $hunk_line = ($realcnt != 0);
2454
2455		$here = "#$linenr: " if (!$file);
2456		$here = "#$realline: " if ($file);
2457
2458		my $found_file = 0;
2459		# extract the filename as it passes
2460		if ($line =~ /^diff --git.*?(\S+)$/) {
2461			$realfile = $1;
2462			$realfile =~ s@^([^/]*)/@@ if (!$file);
2463			$in_commit_log = 0;
2464			$found_file = 1;
2465		} elsif ($line =~ /^\+\+\+\s+(\S+)/) {
2466			$realfile = $1;
2467			$realfile =~ s@^([^/]*)/@@ if (!$file);
2468			$in_commit_log = 0;
2469
2470			$p1_prefix = $1;
2471			if (!$file && $tree && $p1_prefix ne '' &&
2472			    -e "$root/$p1_prefix") {
2473				WARN("PATCH_PREFIX",
2474				     "patch prefix '$p1_prefix' exists, appears to be a -p0 patch\n");
2475			}
2476
2477			if ($realfile =~ m@^include/asm/@) {
2478				ERROR("MODIFIED_INCLUDE_ASM",
2479				      "do not modify files in include/asm, change architecture specific files in include/asm-<architecture>\n" . "$here$rawline\n");
2480			}
2481			$found_file = 1;
2482		}
2483
2484#make up the handle for any error we report on this line
2485		if ($showfile) {
2486			$prefix = "$realfile:$realline: "
2487		} elsif ($emacs) {
2488			if ($file) {
2489				$prefix = "$filename:$realline: ";
2490			} else {
2491				$prefix = "$filename:$linenr: ";
2492			}
2493		}
2494
2495		if ($found_file) {
2496			if (is_maintained_obsolete($realfile)) {
2497				WARN("OBSOLETE",
2498				     "$realfile is marked as 'obsolete' in the MAINTAINERS hierarchy.  No unnecessary modifications please.\n");
2499			}
2500			if ($realfile =~ m@^(?:drivers/net/|net/|drivers/staging/)@) {
2501				$check = 1;
2502			} else {
2503				$check = $check_orig;
2504			}
2505			$checklicenseline = 1;
2506
2507			if ($realfile !~ /^MAINTAINERS/) {
2508				my $last_binding_patch = $is_binding_patch;
2509
2510				$is_binding_patch = () = $realfile =~ m@^(?:Documentation/devicetree/|include/dt-bindings/)@;
2511
2512				if (($last_binding_patch != -1) &&
2513				    ($last_binding_patch ^ $is_binding_patch)) {
2514					WARN("DT_SPLIT_BINDING_PATCH",
2515					     "DT binding docs and includes should be a separate patch. See: Documentation/devicetree/bindings/submitting-patches.txt\n");
2516				}
2517			}
2518
2519			next;
2520		}
2521
2522		$here .= "FILE: $realfile:$realline:" if ($realcnt != 0);
2523
2524		my $hereline = "$here\n$rawline\n";
2525		my $herecurr = "$here\n$rawline\n";
2526		my $hereprev = "$here\n$prevrawline\n$rawline\n";
2527
2528		$cnt_lines++ if ($realcnt != 0);
2529
2530# Verify the existence of a commit log if appropriate
2531# 2 is used because a $signature is counted in $commit_log_lines
2532		if ($in_commit_log) {
2533			if ($line !~ /^\s*$/) {
2534				$commit_log_lines++;	#could be a $signature
2535			}
2536		} elsif ($has_commit_log && $commit_log_lines < 2) {
2537			WARN("COMMIT_MESSAGE",
2538			     "Missing commit description - Add an appropriate one\n");
2539			$commit_log_lines = 2;	#warn only once
2540		}
2541
2542# Check if the commit log has what seems like a diff which can confuse patch
2543		if ($in_commit_log && !$commit_log_has_diff &&
2544		    (($line =~ m@^\s+diff\b.*a/[\w/]+@ &&
2545		      $line =~ m@^\s+diff\b.*a/([\w/]+)\s+b/$1\b@) ||
2546		     $line =~ m@^\s*(?:\-\-\-\s+a/|\+\+\+\s+b/)@ ||
2547		     $line =~ m/^\s*\@\@ \-\d+,\d+ \+\d+,\d+ \@\@/)) {
2548			ERROR("DIFF_IN_COMMIT_MSG",
2549			      "Avoid using diff content in the commit message - patch(1) might not work\n" . $herecurr);
2550			$commit_log_has_diff = 1;
2551		}
2552
2553# Check for incorrect file permissions
2554		if ($line =~ /^new (file )?mode.*[7531]\d{0,2}$/) {
2555			my $permhere = $here . "FILE: $realfile\n";
2556			if ($realfile !~ m@scripts/@ &&
2557			    $realfile !~ /\.(py|pl|awk|sh)$/) {
2558				ERROR("EXECUTE_PERMISSIONS",
2559				      "do not set execute permissions for source files\n" . $permhere);
2560			}
2561		}
2562
2563# Check the patch for a From:
2564		if (decode("MIME-Header", $line) =~ /^From:\s*(.*)/) {
2565			$author = $1;
2566			$author = encode("utf8", $author) if ($line =~ /=\?utf-8\?/i);
2567			$author =~ s/"//g;
2568		}
2569
2570# Check the patch for a signoff:
2571		if ($line =~ /^\s*signed-off-by:/i) {
2572			$signoff++;
2573			$in_commit_log = 0;
2574			if ($author ne '') {
2575				my $l = $line;
2576				$l =~ s/"//g;
2577				if ($l =~ /^\s*signed-off-by:\s*\Q$author\E/i) {
2578				    $authorsignoff = 1;
2579				}
2580			}
2581		}
2582
2583# Check if MAINTAINERS is being updated.  If so, there's probably no need to
2584# emit the "does MAINTAINERS need updating?" message on file add/move/delete
2585		if ($line =~ /^\s*MAINTAINERS\s*\|/) {
2586			$reported_maintainer_file = 1;
2587		}
2588
2589# Check signature styles
2590		if (!$in_header_lines &&
2591		    $line =~ /^(\s*)([a-z0-9_-]+by:|$signature_tags)(\s*)(.*)/i) {
2592			my $space_before = $1;
2593			my $sign_off = $2;
2594			my $space_after = $3;
2595			my $email = $4;
2596			my $ucfirst_sign_off = ucfirst(lc($sign_off));
2597
2598			if ($sign_off !~ /$signature_tags/) {
2599				WARN("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
2600				     "Non-standard signature: $sign_off\n" . $herecurr);
2601			}
2602			if (defined $space_before && $space_before ne "") {
2603				if (WARN("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
2604					 "Do not use whitespace before $ucfirst_sign_off\n" . $herecurr) &&
2605				    $fix) {
2606					$fixed[$fixlinenr] =
2607					    "$ucfirst_sign_off $email";
2608				}
2609			}
2610			if ($sign_off =~ /-by:$/i && $sign_off ne $ucfirst_sign_off) {
2611				if (WARN("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
2612					 "'$ucfirst_sign_off' is the preferred signature form\n" . $herecurr) &&
2613				    $fix) {
2614					$fixed[$fixlinenr] =
2615					    "$ucfirst_sign_off $email";
2616				}
2617
2618			}
2619			if (!defined $space_after || $space_after ne " ") {
2620				if (WARN("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
2621					 "Use a single space after $ucfirst_sign_off\n" . $herecurr) &&
2622				    $fix) {
2623					$fixed[$fixlinenr] =
2624					    "$ucfirst_sign_off $email";
2625				}
2626			}
2627
2628			my ($email_name, $email_address, $comment) = parse_email($email);
2629			my $suggested_email = format_email(($email_name, $email_address));
2630			if ($suggested_email eq "") {
2631				ERROR("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
2632				      "Unrecognized email address: '$email'\n" . $herecurr);
2633			} else {
2634				my $dequoted = $suggested_email;
2635				$dequoted =~ s/^"//;
2636				$dequoted =~ s/" </ </;
2637				# Don't force email to have quotes
2638				# Allow just an angle bracketed address
2639				if ("$dequoted$comment" ne $email &&
2640				    "<$email_address>$comment" ne $email &&
2641				    "$suggested_email$comment" ne $email) {
2642					WARN("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
2643					     "email address '$email' might be better as '$suggested_email$comment'\n" . $herecurr);
2644				}
2645			}
2646
2647# Check for duplicate signatures
2648			my $sig_nospace = $line;
2649			$sig_nospace =~ s/\s//g;
2650			$sig_nospace = lc($sig_nospace);
2651			if (defined $signatures{$sig_nospace}) {
2652				WARN("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
2653				     "Duplicate signature\n" . $herecurr);
2654			} else {
2655				$signatures{$sig_nospace} = 1;
2656			}
2657		}
2658
2659# Check email subject for common tools that don't need to be mentioned
2660		if ($in_header_lines &&
2661		    $line =~ /^Subject:.*\b(?:checkpatch|sparse|smatch)\b[^:]/i) {
2662			WARN("EMAIL_SUBJECT",
2663			     "A patch subject line should describe the change not the tool that found it\n" . $herecurr);
2664		}
2665
2666# Check for unwanted Gerrit info
2667		if ($in_commit_log && $line =~ /^\s*change-id:/i) {
2668			ERROR("GERRIT_CHANGE_ID",
2669			      "Remove Gerrit Change-Id's before submitting upstream.\n" . $herecurr);
2670		}
2671
2672# Check if the commit log is in a possible stack dump
2673		if ($in_commit_log && !$commit_log_possible_stack_dump &&
2674		    ($line =~ /^\s*(?:WARNING:|BUG:)/ ||
2675		     $line =~ /^\s*\[\s*\d+\.\d{6,6}\s*\]/ ||
2676					# timestamp
2677		     $line =~ /^\s*\[\<[0-9a-fA-F]{8,}\>\]/)) {
2678					# stack dump address
2679			$commit_log_possible_stack_dump = 1;
2680		}
2681
2682# Check for line lengths > 75 in commit log, warn once
2683		if ($in_commit_log && !$commit_log_long_line &&
2684		    length($line) > 75 &&
2685		    !($line =~ /^\s*[a-zA-Z0-9_\/\.]+\s+\|\s+\d+/ ||
2686					# file delta changes
2687		      $line =~ /^\s*(?:[\w\.\-]+\/)++[\w\.\-]+:/ ||
2688					# filename then :
2689		      $line =~ /^\s*(?:Fixes:|Link:)/i ||
2690					# A Fixes: or Link: line
2691		      $commit_log_possible_stack_dump)) {
2692			WARN("COMMIT_LOG_LONG_LINE",
2693			     "Possible unwrapped commit description (prefer a maximum 75 chars per line)\n" . $herecurr);
2694			$commit_log_long_line = 1;
2695		}
2696
2697# Reset possible stack dump if a blank line is found
2698		if ($in_commit_log && $commit_log_possible_stack_dump &&
2699		    $line =~ /^\s*$/) {
2700			$commit_log_possible_stack_dump = 0;
2701		}
2702
2703# Check for git id commit length and improperly formed commit descriptions
2704		if ($in_commit_log && !$commit_log_possible_stack_dump &&
2705		    $line !~ /^\s*(?:Link|Patchwork|http|https|BugLink):/i &&
2706		    $line !~ /^This reverts commit [0-9a-f]{7,40}/ &&
2707		    ($line =~ /\bcommit\s+[0-9a-f]{5,}\b/i ||
2708		     ($line =~ /(?:\s|^)[0-9a-f]{12,40}(?:[\s"'\(\[]|$)/i &&
2709		      $line !~ /[\<\[][0-9a-f]{12,40}[\>\]]/i &&
2710		      $line !~ /\bfixes:\s*[0-9a-f]{12,40}/i))) {
2711			my $init_char = "c";
2712			my $orig_commit = "";
2713			my $short = 1;
2714			my $long = 0;
2715			my $case = 1;
2716			my $space = 1;
2717			my $hasdesc = 0;
2718			my $hasparens = 0;
2719			my $id = '0123456789ab';
2720			my $orig_desc = "commit description";
2721			my $description = "";
2722
2723			if ($line =~ /\b(c)ommit\s+([0-9a-f]{5,})\b/i) {
2724				$init_char = $1;
2725				$orig_commit = lc($2);
2726			} elsif ($line =~ /\b([0-9a-f]{12,40})\b/i) {
2727				$orig_commit = lc($1);
2728			}
2729
2730			$short = 0 if ($line =~ /\bcommit\s+[0-9a-f]{12,40}/i);
2731			$long = 1 if ($line =~ /\bcommit\s+[0-9a-f]{41,}/i);
2732			$space = 0 if ($line =~ /\bcommit [0-9a-f]/i);
2733			$case = 0 if ($line =~ /\b[Cc]ommit\s+[0-9a-f]{5,40}[^A-F]/);
2734			if ($line =~ /\bcommit\s+[0-9a-f]{5,}\s+\("([^"]+)"\)/i) {
2735				$orig_desc = $1;
2736				$hasparens = 1;
2737			} elsif ($line =~ /\bcommit\s+[0-9a-f]{5,}\s*$/i &&
2738				 defined $rawlines[$linenr] &&
2739				 $rawlines[$linenr] =~ /^\s*\("([^"]+)"\)/) {
2740				$orig_desc = $1;
2741				$hasparens = 1;
2742			} elsif ($line =~ /\bcommit\s+[0-9a-f]{5,}\s+\("[^"]+$/i &&
2743				 defined $rawlines[$linenr] &&
2744				 $rawlines[$linenr] =~ /^\s*[^"]+"\)/) {
2745				$line =~ /\bcommit\s+[0-9a-f]{5,}\s+\("([^"]+)$/i;
2746				$orig_desc = $1;
2747				$rawlines[$linenr] =~ /^\s*([^"]+)"\)/;
2748				$orig_desc .= " " . $1;
2749				$hasparens = 1;
2750			}
2751
2752			($id, $description) = git_commit_info($orig_commit,
2753							      $id, $orig_desc);
2754
2755			if (defined($id) &&
2756			   ($short || $long || $space || $case || ($orig_desc ne $description) || !$hasparens)) {
2757				ERROR("GIT_COMMIT_ID",
2758				      "Please use git commit description style 'commit <12+ chars of sha1> (\"<title line>\")' - ie: '${init_char}ommit $id (\"$description\")'\n" . $herecurr);
2759			}
2760		}
2761
2762# Check for added, moved or deleted files
2763		if (!$reported_maintainer_file && !$in_commit_log &&
2764		    ($line =~ /^(?:new|deleted) file mode\s*\d+\s*$/ ||
2765		     $line =~ /^rename (?:from|to) [\w\/\.\-]+\s*$/ ||
2766		     ($line =~ /\{\s*([\w\/\.\-]*)\s*\=\>\s*([\w\/\.\-]*)\s*\}/ &&
2767		      (defined($1) || defined($2))))) {
2768			$is_patch = 1;
2769			$reported_maintainer_file = 1;
2770			WARN("FILE_PATH_CHANGES",
2771			     "added, moved or deleted file(s), does MAINTAINERS need updating?\n" . $herecurr);
2772		}
2773
2774# Check for wrappage within a valid hunk of the file
2775		if ($realcnt != 0 && $line !~ m{^(?:\+|-| |\\ No newline|$)}) {
2776			ERROR("CORRUPTED_PATCH",
2777			      "patch seems to be corrupt (line wrapped?)\n" .
2778				$herecurr) if (!$emitted_corrupt++);
2779		}
2780
2781# UTF-8 regex found at http://www.w3.org/International/questions/qa-forms-utf-8.en.php
2782		if (($realfile =~ /^$/ || $line =~ /^\+/) &&
2783		    $rawline !~ m/^$UTF8*$/) {
2784			my ($utf8_prefix) = ($rawline =~ /^($UTF8*)/);
2785
2786			my $blank = copy_spacing($rawline);
2787			my $ptr = substr($blank, 0, length($utf8_prefix)) . "^";
2788			my $hereptr = "$hereline$ptr\n";
2789
2790			CHK("INVALID_UTF8",
2791			    "Invalid UTF-8, patch and commit message should be encoded in UTF-8\n" . $hereptr);
2792		}
2793
2794# Check if it's the start of a commit log
2795# (not a header line and we haven't seen the patch filename)
2796		if ($in_header_lines && $realfile =~ /^$/ &&
2797		    !($rawline =~ /^\s+(?:\S|$)/ ||
2798		      $rawline =~ /^(?:commit\b|from\b|[\w-]+:)/i)) {
2799			$in_header_lines = 0;
2800			$in_commit_log = 1;
2801			$has_commit_log = 1;
2802		}
2803
2804# Check if there is UTF-8 in a commit log when a mail header has explicitly
2805# declined it, i.e defined some charset where it is missing.
2806		if ($in_header_lines &&
2807		    $rawline =~ /^Content-Type:.+charset="(.+)".*$/ &&
2808		    $1 !~ /utf-8/i) {
2809			$non_utf8_charset = 1;
2810		}
2811
2812		if ($in_commit_log && $non_utf8_charset && $realfile =~ /^$/ &&
2813		    $rawline =~ /$NON_ASCII_UTF8/) {
2814			WARN("UTF8_BEFORE_PATCH",
2815			    "8-bit UTF-8 used in possible commit log\n" . $herecurr);
2816		}
2817
2818# Check for absolute kernel paths in commit message
2819		if ($tree && $in_commit_log) {
2820			while ($line =~ m{(?:^|\s)(/\S*)}g) {
2821				my $file = $1;
2822
2823				if ($file =~ m{^(.*?)(?::\d+)+:?$} &&
2824				    check_absolute_file($1, $herecurr)) {
2825					#
2826				} else {
2827					check_absolute_file($file, $herecurr);
2828				}
2829			}
2830		}
2831
2832# Check for various typo / spelling mistakes
2833		if (defined($misspellings) &&
2834		    ($in_commit_log || $line =~ /^(?:\+|Subject:)/i)) {
2835			while ($rawline =~ /(?:^|[^a-z@])($misspellings)(?:\b|$|[^a-z@])/gi) {
2836				my $typo = $1;
2837				my $typo_fix = $spelling_fix{lc($typo)};
2838				$typo_fix = ucfirst($typo_fix) if ($typo =~ /^[A-Z]/);
2839				$typo_fix = uc($typo_fix) if ($typo =~ /^[A-Z]+$/);
2840				my $msg_level = \&WARN;
2841				$msg_level = \&CHK if ($file);
2842				if (&{$msg_level}("TYPO_SPELLING",
2843						  "'$typo' may be misspelled - perhaps '$typo_fix'?\n" . $herecurr) &&
2844				    $fix) {
2845					$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/(^|[^A-Za-z@])($typo)($|[^A-Za-z@])/$1$typo_fix$3/;
2846				}
2847			}
2848		}
2849
2850# ignore non-hunk lines and lines being removed
2851		next if (!$hunk_line || $line =~ /^-/);
2852
2853#trailing whitespace
2854		if ($line =~ /^\+.*\015/) {
2855			my $herevet = "$here\n" . cat_vet($rawline) . "\n";
2856			if (ERROR("DOS_LINE_ENDINGS",
2857				  "DOS line endings\n" . $herevet) &&
2858			    $fix) {
2859				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/[\s\015]+$//;
2860			}
2861		} elsif ($rawline =~ /^\+.*\S\s+$/ || $rawline =~ /^\+\s+$/) {
2862			my $herevet = "$here\n" . cat_vet($rawline) . "\n";
2863			if (ERROR("TRAILING_WHITESPACE",
2864				  "trailing whitespace\n" . $herevet) &&
2865			    $fix) {
2866				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\s+$//;
2867			}
2868
2869			$rpt_cleaners = 1;
2870		}
2871
2872# Check for FSF mailing addresses.
2873		if ($rawline =~ /\bwrite to the Free/i ||
2874		    $rawline =~ /\b675\s+Mass\s+Ave/i ||
2875		    $rawline =~ /\b59\s+Temple\s+Pl/i ||
2876		    $rawline =~ /\b51\s+Franklin\s+St/i) {
2877			my $herevet = "$here\n" . cat_vet($rawline) . "\n";
2878			my $msg_level = \&ERROR;
2879			$msg_level = \&CHK if ($file);
2880			&{$msg_level}("FSF_MAILING_ADDRESS",
2881				      "Do not include the paragraph about writing to the Free Software Foundation's mailing address from the sample GPL notice. The FSF has changed addresses in the past, and may do so again. Linux already includes a copy of the GPL.\n" . $herevet)
2882		}
2883
2884# check for Kconfig help text having a real description
2885# Only applies when adding the entry originally, after that we do not have
2886# sufficient context to determine whether it is indeed long enough.
2887		if ($realfile =~ /Kconfig/ &&
2888		    # 'choice' is usually the last thing on the line (though
2889		    # Kconfig supports named choices), so use a word boundary
2890		    # (\b) rather than a whitespace character (\s)
2891		    $line =~ /^\+\s*(?:config|menuconfig|choice)\b/) {
2892			my $length = 0;
2893			my $cnt = $realcnt;
2894			my $ln = $linenr + 1;
2895			my $f;
2896			my $is_start = 0;
2897			my $is_end = 0;
2898			for (; $cnt > 0 && defined $lines[$ln - 1]; $ln++) {
2899				$f = $lines[$ln - 1];
2900				$cnt-- if ($lines[$ln - 1] !~ /^-/);
2901				$is_end = $lines[$ln - 1] =~ /^\+/;
2902
2903				next if ($f =~ /^-/);
2904				last if (!$file && $f =~ /^\@\@/);
2905
2906				if ($lines[$ln - 1] =~ /^\+\s*(?:bool|tristate|prompt)\s*["']/) {
2907					$is_start = 1;
2908				} elsif ($lines[$ln - 1] =~ /^\+\s*(?:help|---help---)\s*$/) {
2909					if ($lines[$ln - 1] =~ "---help---") {
2910						WARN("CONFIG_DESCRIPTION",
2911						     "prefer 'help' over '---help---' for new help texts\n" . $herecurr);
2912					}
2913					$length = -1;
2914				}
2915
2916				$f =~ s/^.//;
2917				$f =~ s/#.*//;
2918				$f =~ s/^\s+//;
2919				next if ($f =~ /^$/);
2920
2921				# This only checks context lines in the patch
2922				# and so hopefully shouldn't trigger false
2923				# positives, even though some of these are
2924				# common words in help texts
2925				if ($f =~ /^\s*(?:config|menuconfig|choice|endchoice|
2926						  if|endif|menu|endmenu|source)\b/x) {
2927					$is_end = 1;
2928					last;
2929				}
2930				$length++;
2931			}
2932			if ($is_start && $is_end && $length < $min_conf_desc_length) {
2933				WARN("CONFIG_DESCRIPTION",
2934				     "please write a paragraph that describes the config symbol fully\n" . $herecurr);
2935			}
2936			#print "is_start<$is_start> is_end<$is_end> length<$length>\n";
2937		}
2938
2939# check for MAINTAINERS entries that don't have the right form
2940		if ($realfile =~ /^MAINTAINERS$/ &&
2941		    $rawline =~ /^\+[A-Z]:/ &&
2942		    $rawline !~ /^\+[A-Z]:\t\S/) {
2943			if (WARN("MAINTAINERS_STYLE",
2944				 "MAINTAINERS entries use one tab after TYPE:\n" . $herecurr) &&
2945			    $fix) {
2946				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/^(\+[A-Z]):\s*/$1:\t/;
2947			}
2948		}
2949
2950# discourage the use of boolean for type definition attributes of Kconfig options
2951		if ($realfile =~ /Kconfig/ &&
2952		    $line =~ /^\+\s*\bboolean\b/) {
2953			WARN("CONFIG_TYPE_BOOLEAN",
2954			     "Use of boolean is deprecated, please use bool instead.\n" . $herecurr);
2955		}
2956
2957		if (($realfile =~ /Makefile.*/ || $realfile =~ /Kbuild.*/) &&
2958		    ($line =~ /\+(EXTRA_[A-Z]+FLAGS).*/)) {
2959			my $flag = $1;
2960			my $replacement = {
2961				'EXTRA_AFLAGS' =>   'asflags-y',
2962				'EXTRA_CFLAGS' =>   'ccflags-y',
2963				'EXTRA_CPPFLAGS' => 'cppflags-y',
2964				'EXTRA_LDFLAGS' =>  'ldflags-y',
2965			};
2966
2967			WARN("DEPRECATED_VARIABLE",
2968			     "Use of $flag is deprecated, please use \`$replacement->{$flag} instead.\n" . $herecurr) if ($replacement->{$flag});
2969		}
2970
2971# check for DT compatible documentation
2972		if (defined $root &&
2973			(($realfile =~ /\.dtsi?$/ && $line =~ /^\+\s*compatible\s*=\s*\"/) ||
2974			 ($realfile =~ /\.[ch]$/ && $line =~ /^\+.*\.compatible\s*=\s*\"/))) {
2975
2976			my @compats = $rawline =~ /\"([a-zA-Z0-9\-\,\.\+_]+)\"/g;
2977
2978			my $dt_path = $root . "/Documentation/devicetree/bindings/";
2979			my $vp_file = $dt_path . "vendor-prefixes.txt";
2980
2981			foreach my $compat (@compats) {
2982				my $compat2 = $compat;
2983				$compat2 =~ s/\,[a-zA-Z0-9]*\-/\,<\.\*>\-/;
2984				my $compat3 = $compat;
2985				$compat3 =~ s/\,([a-z]*)[0-9]*\-/\,$1<\.\*>\-/;
2986				`grep -Erq "$compat|$compat2|$compat3" $dt_path`;
2987				if ( $? >> 8 ) {
2988					WARN("UNDOCUMENTED_DT_STRING",
2989					     "DT compatible string \"$compat\" appears un-documented -- check $dt_path\n" . $herecurr);
2990				}
2991
2992				next if $compat !~ /^([a-zA-Z0-9\-]+)\,/;
2993				my $vendor = $1;
2994				`grep -Eq "^$vendor\\b" $vp_file`;
2995				if ( $? >> 8 ) {
2996					WARN("UNDOCUMENTED_DT_STRING",
2997					     "DT compatible string vendor \"$vendor\" appears un-documented -- check $vp_file\n" . $herecurr);
2998				}
2999			}
3000		}
3001
3002# check for using SPDX license tag at beginning of files
3003		if ($realline == $checklicenseline) {
3004			if ($rawline =~ /^[ \+]\s*\#\!\s*\//) {
3005				$checklicenseline = 2;
3006			} elsif ($rawline =~ /^\+/) {
3007				my $comment = "";
3008				if ($realfile =~ /\.(h|s|S)$/) {
3009					$comment = '/*';
3010				} elsif ($realfile =~ /\.(c|dts|dtsi)$/) {
3011					$comment = '//';
3012				} elsif (($checklicenseline == 2) || $realfile =~ /\.(sh|pl|py|awk|tc)$/) {
3013					$comment = '#';
3014				} elsif ($realfile =~ /\.rst$/) {
3015					$comment = '..';
3016				}
3017
3018				if ($comment !~ /^$/ &&
3019				    $rawline !~ /^\+\Q$comment\E SPDX-License-Identifier: /) {
3020					 WARN("SPDX_LICENSE_TAG",
3021					      "Missing or malformed SPDX-License-Identifier tag in line $checklicenseline\n" . $herecurr);
3022				} elsif ($rawline =~ /(SPDX-License-Identifier: .*)/) {
3023					 my $spdx_license = $1;
3024					 if (!is_SPDX_License_valid($spdx_license)) {
3025						  WARN("SPDX_LICENSE_TAG",
3026						       "'$spdx_license' is not supported in LICENSES/...\n" . $herecurr);
3027					 }
3028				}
3029			}
3030		}
3031
3032# check we are in a valid source file if not then ignore this hunk
3033		next if ($realfile !~ /\.(h|c|s|S|sh|dtsi|dts)$/);
3034
3035# line length limit (with some exclusions)
3036#
3037# There are a few types of lines that may extend beyond $max_line_length:
3038#	logging functions like pr_info that end in a string
3039#	lines with a single string
3040#	#defines that are a single string
3041#	lines with an RFC3986 like URL
3042#
3043# There are 3 different line length message types:
3044# LONG_LINE_COMMENT	a comment starts before but extends beyond $max_line_length
3045# LONG_LINE_STRING	a string starts before but extends beyond $max_line_length
3046# LONG_LINE		all other lines longer than $max_line_length
3047#
3048# if LONG_LINE is ignored, the other 2 types are also ignored
3049#
3050
3051		if ($line =~ /^\+/ && $length > $max_line_length) {
3052			my $msg_type = "LONG_LINE";
3053
3054			# Check the allowed long line types first
3055
3056			# logging functions that end in a string that starts
3057			# before $max_line_length
3058			if ($line =~ /^\+\s*$logFunctions\s*\(\s*(?:(?:KERN_\S+\s*|[^"]*))?($String\s*(?:|,|\)\s*;)\s*)$/ &&
3059			    length(expand_tabs(substr($line, 1, length($line) - length($1) - 1))) <= $max_line_length) {
3060				$msg_type = "";
3061
3062			# lines with only strings (w/ possible termination)
3063			# #defines with only strings
3064			} elsif ($line =~ /^\+\s*$String\s*(?:\s*|,|\)\s*;)\s*$/ ||
3065				 $line =~ /^\+\s*#\s*define\s+\w+\s+$String$/) {
3066				$msg_type = "";
3067
3068			# More special cases
3069			} elsif ($line =~ /^\+.*\bEFI_GUID\s*\(/ ||
3070				 $line =~ /^\+\s*(?:\w+)?\s*DEFINE_PER_CPU/) {
3071				$msg_type = "";
3072
3073			# URL ($rawline is used in case the URL is in a comment)
3074			} elsif ($rawline =~ /^\+.*\b[a-z][\w\.\+\-]*:\/\/\S+/i) {
3075				$msg_type = "";
3076
3077			# Otherwise set the alternate message types
3078
3079			# a comment starts before $max_line_length
3080			} elsif ($line =~ /($;[\s$;]*)$/ &&
3081				 length(expand_tabs(substr($line, 1, length($line) - length($1) - 1))) <= $max_line_length) {
3082				$msg_type = "LONG_LINE_COMMENT"
3083
3084			# a quoted string starts before $max_line_length
3085			} elsif ($sline =~ /\s*($String(?:\s*(?:\\|,\s*|\)\s*;\s*))?)$/ &&
3086				 length(expand_tabs(substr($line, 1, length($line) - length($1) - 1))) <= $max_line_length) {
3087				$msg_type = "LONG_LINE_STRING"
3088			}
3089
3090			if ($msg_type ne "" &&
3091			    (show_type("LONG_LINE") || show_type($msg_type))) {
3092				WARN($msg_type,
3093				     "line over $max_line_length characters\n" . $herecurr);
3094			}
3095		}
3096
3097# check for adding lines without a newline.
3098		if ($line =~ /^\+/ && defined $lines[$linenr] && $lines[$linenr] =~ /^\\ No newline at end of file/) {
3099			WARN("MISSING_EOF_NEWLINE",
3100			     "adding a line without newline at end of file\n" . $herecurr);
3101		}
3102
3103# check we are in a valid source file C or perl if not then ignore this hunk
3104		next if ($realfile !~ /\.(h|c|pl|dtsi|dts)$/);
3105
3106# at the beginning of a line any tabs must come first and anything
3107# more than 8 must use tabs.
3108		if ($rawline =~ /^\+\s* \t\s*\S/ ||
3109		    $rawline =~ /^\+\s*        \s*/) {
3110			my $herevet = "$here\n" . cat_vet($rawline) . "\n";
3111			$rpt_cleaners = 1;
3112			if (ERROR("CODE_INDENT",
3113				  "code indent should use tabs where possible\n" . $herevet) &&
3114			    $fix) {
3115				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/^\+([ \t]+)/"\+" . tabify($1)/e;
3116			}
3117		}
3118
3119# check for space before tabs.
3120		if ($rawline =~ /^\+/ && $rawline =~ / \t/) {
3121			my $herevet = "$here\n" . cat_vet($rawline) . "\n";
3122			if (WARN("SPACE_BEFORE_TAB",
3123				"please, no space before tabs\n" . $herevet) &&
3124			    $fix) {
3125				while ($fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
3126					   s/(^\+.*) {8,8}\t/$1\t\t/) {}
3127				while ($fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
3128					   s/(^\+.*) +\t/$1\t/) {}
3129			}
3130		}
3131
3132# check for assignments on the start of a line
3133		if ($sline =~ /^\+\s+($Assignment)[^=]/) {
3134			CHK("ASSIGNMENT_CONTINUATIONS",
3135			    "Assignment operator '$1' should be on the previous line\n" . $hereprev);
3136		}
3137
3138# check for && or || at the start of a line
3139		if ($rawline =~ /^\+\s*(&&|\|\|)/) {
3140			CHK("LOGICAL_CONTINUATIONS",
3141			    "Logical continuations should be on the previous line\n" . $hereprev);
3142		}
3143
3144# check indentation starts on a tab stop
3145		if ($perl_version_ok &&
3146		    $sline =~ /^\+\t+( +)(?:$c90_Keywords\b|\{\s*$|\}\s*(?:else\b|while\b|\s*$)|$Declare\s*$Ident\s*[;=])/) {
3147			my $indent = length($1);
3148			if ($indent % 8) {
3149				if (WARN("TABSTOP",
3150					 "Statements should start on a tabstop\n" . $herecurr) &&
3151				    $fix) {
3152					$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s@(^\+\t+) +@$1 . "\t" x ($indent/8)@e;
3153				}
3154			}
3155		}
3156
3157# check multi-line statement indentation matches previous line
3158		if ($perl_version_ok &&
3159		    $prevline =~ /^\+([ \t]*)((?:$c90_Keywords(?:\s+if)\s*)|(?:$Declare\s*)?(?:$Ident|\(\s*\*\s*$Ident\s*\))\s*|(?:\*\s*)*$Lval\s*=\s*$Ident\s*)\(.*(\&\&|\|\||,)\s*$/) {
3160			$prevline =~ /^\+(\t*)(.*)$/;
3161			my $oldindent = $1;
3162			my $rest = $2;
3163
3164			my $pos = pos_last_openparen($rest);
3165			if ($pos >= 0) {
3166				$line =~ /^(\+| )([ \t]*)/;
3167				my $newindent = $2;
3168
3169				my $goodtabindent = $oldindent .
3170					"\t" x ($pos / 8) .
3171					" "  x ($pos % 8);
3172				my $goodspaceindent = $oldindent . " "  x $pos;
3173
3174				if ($newindent ne $goodtabindent &&
3175				    $newindent ne $goodspaceindent) {
3176
3177					if (CHK("PARENTHESIS_ALIGNMENT",
3178						"Alignment should match open parenthesis\n" . $hereprev) &&
3179					    $fix && $line =~ /^\+/) {
3180						$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
3181						    s/^\+[ \t]*/\+$goodtabindent/;
3182					}
3183				}
3184			}
3185		}
3186
3187# check for space after cast like "(int) foo" or "(struct foo) bar"
3188# avoid checking a few false positives:
3189#   "sizeof(<type>)" or "__alignof__(<type>)"
3190#   function pointer declarations like "(*foo)(int) = bar;"
3191#   structure definitions like "(struct foo) { 0 };"
3192#   multiline macros that define functions
3193#   known attributes or the __attribute__ keyword
3194		if ($line =~ /^\+(.*)\(\s*$Type\s*\)([ \t]++)((?![={]|\\$|$Attribute|__attribute__))/ &&
3195		    (!defined($1) || $1 !~ /\b(?:sizeof|__alignof__)\s*$/)) {
3196			if (CHK("SPACING",
3197				"No space is necessary after a cast\n" . $herecurr) &&
3198			    $fix) {
3199				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
3200				    s/(\(\s*$Type\s*\))[ \t]+/$1/;
3201			}
3202		}
3203
3204# Block comment styles
3205# Networking with an initial /*
3206		if ($realfile =~ m@^(drivers/net/|net/)@ &&
3207		    $prevrawline =~ /^\+[ \t]*\/\*[ \t]*$/ &&
3208		    $rawline =~ /^\+[ \t]*\*/ &&
3209		    $realline > 2) {
3210			WARN("NETWORKING_BLOCK_COMMENT_STYLE",
3211			     "networking block comments don't use an empty /* line, use /* Comment...\n" . $hereprev);
3212		}
3213
3214# Block comments use * on subsequent lines
3215		if ($prevline =~ /$;[ \t]*$/ &&			#ends in comment
3216		    $prevrawline =~ /^\+.*?\/\*/ &&		#starting /*
3217		    $prevrawline !~ /\*\/[ \t]*$/ &&		#no trailing */
3218		    $rawline =~ /^\+/ &&			#line is new
3219		    $rawline !~ /^\+[ \t]*\*/) {		#no leading *
3220			WARN("BLOCK_COMMENT_STYLE",
3221			     "Block comments use * on subsequent lines\n" . $hereprev);
3222		}
3223
3224# Block comments use */ on trailing lines
3225		if ($rawline !~ m@^\+[ \t]*\*/[ \t]*$@ &&	#trailing */
3226		    $rawline !~ m@^\+.*/\*.*\*/[ \t]*$@ &&	#inline /*...*/
3227		    $rawline !~ m@^\+.*\*{2,}/[ \t]*$@ &&	#trailing **/
3228		    $rawline =~ m@^\+[ \t]*.+\*\/[ \t]*$@) {	#non blank */
3229			WARN("BLOCK_COMMENT_STYLE",
3230			     "Block comments use a trailing */ on a separate line\n" . $herecurr);
3231		}
3232
3233# Block comment * alignment
3234		if ($prevline =~ /$;[ \t]*$/ &&			#ends in comment
3235		    $line =~ /^\+[ \t]*$;/ &&			#leading comment
3236		    $rawline =~ /^\+[ \t]*\*/ &&		#leading *
3237		    (($prevrawline =~ /^\+.*?\/\*/ &&		#leading /*
3238		      $prevrawline !~ /\*\/[ \t]*$/) ||		#no trailing */
3239		     $prevrawline =~ /^\+[ \t]*\*/)) {		#leading *
3240			my $oldindent;
3241			$prevrawline =~ m@^\+([ \t]*/?)\*@;
3242			if (defined($1)) {
3243				$oldindent = expand_tabs($1);
3244			} else {
3245				$prevrawline =~ m@^\+(.*/?)\*@;
3246				$oldindent = expand_tabs($1);
3247			}
3248			$rawline =~ m@^\+([ \t]*)\*@;
3249			my $newindent = $1;
3250			$newindent = expand_tabs($newindent);
3251			if (length($oldindent) ne length($newindent)) {
3252				WARN("BLOCK_COMMENT_STYLE",
3253				     "Block comments should align the * on each line\n" . $hereprev);
3254			}
3255		}
3256
3257# check for missing blank lines after struct/union declarations
3258# with exceptions for various attributes and macros
3259		if ($prevline =~ /^[\+ ]};?\s*$/ &&
3260		    $line =~ /^\+/ &&
3261		    !($line =~ /^\+\s*$/ ||
3262		      $line =~ /^\+\s*EXPORT_SYMBOL/ ||
3263		      $line =~ /^\+\s*MODULE_/i ||
3264		      $line =~ /^\+\s*\#\s*(?:end|elif|else)/ ||
3265		      $line =~ /^\+[a-z_]*init/ ||
3266		      $line =~ /^\+\s*(?:static\s+)?[A-Z_]*ATTR/ ||
3267		      $line =~ /^\+\s*DECLARE/ ||
3268		      $line =~ /^\+\s*builtin_[\w_]*driver/ ||
3269		      $line =~ /^\+\s*__setup/)) {
3270			if (CHK("LINE_SPACING",
3271				"Please use a blank line after function/struct/union/enum declarations\n" . $hereprev) &&
3272			    $fix) {
3273				fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, "\+");
3274			}
3275		}
3276
3277# check for multiple consecutive blank lines
3278		if ($prevline =~ /^[\+ ]\s*$/ &&
3279		    $line =~ /^\+\s*$/ &&
3280		    $last_blank_line != ($linenr - 1)) {
3281			if (CHK("LINE_SPACING",
3282				"Please don't use multiple blank lines\n" . $hereprev) &&
3283			    $fix) {
3284				fix_delete_line($fixlinenr, $rawline);
3285			}
3286
3287			$last_blank_line = $linenr;
3288		}
3289
3290# check for missing blank lines after declarations
3291		if ($sline =~ /^\+\s+\S/ &&			#Not at char 1
3292			# actual declarations
3293		    ($prevline =~ /^\+\s+$Declare\s*$Ident\s*[=,;:\[]/ ||
3294			# function pointer declarations
3295		     $prevline =~ /^\+\s+$Declare\s*\(\s*\*\s*$Ident\s*\)\s*[=,;:\[\(]/ ||
3296			# foo bar; where foo is some local typedef or #define
3297		     $prevline =~ /^\+\s+$Ident(?:\s+|\s*\*\s*)$Ident\s*[=,;\[]/ ||
3298			# known declaration macros
3299		     $prevline =~ /^\+\s+$declaration_macros/) &&
3300			# for "else if" which can look like "$Ident $Ident"
3301		    !($prevline =~ /^\+\s+$c90_Keywords\b/ ||
3302			# other possible extensions of declaration lines
3303		      $prevline =~ /(?:$Compare|$Assignment|$Operators)\s*$/ ||
3304			# not starting a section or a macro "\" extended line
3305		      $prevline =~ /(?:\{\s*|\\)$/) &&
3306			# looks like a declaration
3307		    !($sline =~ /^\+\s+$Declare\s*$Ident\s*[=,;:\[]/ ||
3308			# function pointer declarations
3309		      $sline =~ /^\+\s+$Declare\s*\(\s*\*\s*$Ident\s*\)\s*[=,;:\[\(]/ ||
3310			# foo bar; where foo is some local typedef or #define
3311		      $sline =~ /^\+\s+$Ident(?:\s+|\s*\*\s*)$Ident\s*[=,;\[]/ ||
3312			# known declaration macros
3313		      $sline =~ /^\+\s+$declaration_macros/ ||
3314			# start of struct or union or enum
3315		      $sline =~ /^\+\s+(?:static\s+)?(?:const\s+)?(?:union|struct|enum|typedef)\b/ ||
3316			# start or end of block or continuation of declaration
3317		      $sline =~ /^\+\s+(?:$|[\{\}\.\#\"\?\:\(\[])/ ||
3318			# bitfield continuation
3319		      $sline =~ /^\+\s+$Ident\s*:\s*\d+\s*[,;]/ ||
3320			# other possible extensions of declaration lines
3321		      $sline =~ /^\+\s+\(?\s*(?:$Compare|$Assignment|$Operators)/) &&
3322			# indentation of previous and current line are the same
3323		    (($prevline =~ /\+(\s+)\S/) && $sline =~ /^\+$1\S/)) {
3324			if (WARN("LINE_SPACING",
3325				 "Missing a blank line after declarations\n" . $hereprev) &&
3326			    $fix) {
3327				fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, "\+");
3328			}
3329		}
3330
3331# check for spaces at the beginning of a line.
3332# Exceptions:
3333#  1) within comments
3334#  2) indented preprocessor commands
3335#  3) hanging labels
3336		if ($rawline =~ /^\+ / && $line !~ /^\+ *(?:$;|#|$Ident:)/)  {
3337			my $herevet = "$here\n" . cat_vet($rawline) . "\n";
3338			if (WARN("LEADING_SPACE",
3339				 "please, no spaces at the start of a line\n" . $herevet) &&
3340			    $fix) {
3341				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/^\+([ \t]+)/"\+" . tabify($1)/e;
3342			}
3343		}
3344
3345# check we are in a valid C source file if not then ignore this hunk
3346		next if ($realfile !~ /\.(h|c)$/);
3347
3348# check for unusual line ending [ or (
3349		if ($line =~ /^\+.*([\[\(])\s*$/) {
3350			CHK("OPEN_ENDED_LINE",
3351			    "Lines should not end with a '$1'\n" . $herecurr);
3352		}
3353
3354# check if this appears to be the start function declaration, save the name
3355		if ($sline =~ /^\+\{\s*$/ &&
3356		    $prevline =~ /^\+(?:(?:(?:$Storage|$Inline)\s*)*\s*$Type\s*)?($Ident)\(/) {
3357			$context_function = $1;
3358		}
3359
3360# check if this appears to be the end of function declaration
3361		if ($sline =~ /^\+\}\s*$/) {
3362			undef $context_function;
3363		}
3364
3365# check indentation of any line with a bare else
3366# (but not if it is a multiple line "if (foo) return bar; else return baz;")
3367# if the previous line is a break or return and is indented 1 tab more...
3368		if ($sline =~ /^\+([\t]+)(?:}[ \t]*)?else(?:[ \t]*{)?\s*$/) {
3369			my $tabs = length($1) + 1;
3370			if ($prevline =~ /^\+\t{$tabs,$tabs}break\b/ ||
3371			    ($prevline =~ /^\+\t{$tabs,$tabs}return\b/ &&
3372			     defined $lines[$linenr] &&
3373			     $lines[$linenr] !~ /^[ \+]\t{$tabs,$tabs}return/)) {
3374				WARN("UNNECESSARY_ELSE",
3375				     "else is not generally useful after a break or return\n" . $hereprev);
3376			}
3377		}
3378
3379# check indentation of a line with a break;
3380# if the previous line is a goto or return and is indented the same # of tabs
3381		if ($sline =~ /^\+([\t]+)break\s*;\s*$/) {
3382			my $tabs = $1;
3383			if ($prevline =~ /^\+$tabs(?:goto|return)\b/) {
3384				WARN("UNNECESSARY_BREAK",
3385				     "break is not useful after a goto or return\n" . $hereprev);
3386			}
3387		}
3388
3389# check for RCS/CVS revision markers
3390		if ($rawline =~ /^\+.*\$(Revision|Log|Id)(?:\$|)/) {
3391			WARN("CVS_KEYWORD",
3392			     "CVS style keyword markers, these will _not_ be updated\n". $herecurr);
3393		}
3394
3395# check for old HOTPLUG __dev<foo> section markings
3396		if ($line =~ /\b(__dev(init|exit)(data|const|))\b/) {
3397			WARN("HOTPLUG_SECTION",
3398			     "Using $1 is unnecessary\n" . $herecurr);
3399		}
3400
3401# Check for potential 'bare' types
3402		my ($stat, $cond, $line_nr_next, $remain_next, $off_next,
3403		    $realline_next);
3404#print "LINE<$line>\n";
3405		if ($linenr > $suppress_statement &&
3406		    $realcnt && $sline =~ /.\s*\S/) {
3407			($stat, $cond, $line_nr_next, $remain_next, $off_next) =
3408				ctx_statement_block($linenr, $realcnt, 0);
3409			$stat =~ s/\n./\n /g;
3410			$cond =~ s/\n./\n /g;
3411
3412#print "linenr<$linenr> <$stat>\n";
3413			# If this statement has no statement boundaries within
3414			# it there is no point in retrying a statement scan
3415			# until we hit end of it.
3416			my $frag = $stat; $frag =~ s/;+\s*$//;
3417			if ($frag !~ /(?:{|;)/) {
3418#print "skip<$line_nr_next>\n";
3419				$suppress_statement = $line_nr_next;
3420			}
3421
3422			# Find the real next line.
3423			$realline_next = $line_nr_next;
3424			if (defined $realline_next &&
3425			    (!defined $lines[$realline_next - 1] ||
3426			     substr($lines[$realline_next - 1], $off_next) =~ /^\s*$/)) {
3427				$realline_next++;
3428			}
3429
3430			my $s = $stat;
3431			$s =~ s/{.*$//s;
3432
3433			# Ignore goto labels.
3434			if ($s =~ /$Ident:\*$/s) {
3435
3436			# Ignore functions being called
3437			} elsif ($s =~ /^.\s*$Ident\s*\(/s) {
3438
3439			} elsif ($s =~ /^.\s*else\b/s) {
3440
3441			# declarations always start with types
3442			} elsif ($prev_values eq 'E' && $s =~ /^.\s*(?:$Storage\s+)?(?:$Inline\s+)?(?:const\s+)?((?:\s*$Ident)+?)\b(?:\s+$Sparse)?\s*\**\s*(?:$Ident|\(\*[^\)]*\))(?:\s*$Modifier)?\s*(?:;|=|,|\()/s) {
3443				my $type = $1;
3444				$type =~ s/\s+/ /g;
3445				possible($type, "A:" . $s);
3446
3447			# definitions in global scope can only start with types
3448			} elsif ($s =~ /^.(?:$Storage\s+)?(?:$Inline\s+)?(?:const\s+)?($Ident)\b\s*(?!:)/s) {
3449				possible($1, "B:" . $s);
3450			}
3451
3452			# any (foo ... *) is a pointer cast, and foo is a type
3453			while ($s =~ /\(($Ident)(?:\s+$Sparse)*[\s\*]+\s*\)/sg) {
3454				possible($1, "C:" . $s);
3455			}
3456
3457			# Check for any sort of function declaration.
3458			# int foo(something bar, other baz);
3459			# void (*store_gdt)(x86_descr_ptr *);
3460			if ($prev_values eq 'E' && $s =~ /^(.(?:typedef\s*)?(?:(?:$Storage|$Inline)\s*)*\s*$Type\s*(?:\b$Ident|\(\*\s*$Ident\))\s*)\(/s) {
3461				my ($name_len) = length($1);
3462
3463				my $ctx = $s;
3464				substr($ctx, 0, $name_len + 1, '');
3465				$ctx =~ s/\)[^\)]*$//;
3466
3467				for my $arg (split(/\s*,\s*/, $ctx)) {
3468					if ($arg =~ /^(?:const\s+)?($Ident)(?:\s+$Sparse)*\s*\**\s*(:?\b$Ident)?$/s || $arg =~ /^($Ident)$/s) {
3469
3470						possible($1, "D:" . $s);
3471					}
3472				}
3473			}
3474
3475		}
3476
3477#
3478# Checks which may be anchored in the context.
3479#
3480
3481# Check for switch () and associated case and default
3482# statements should be at the same indent.
3483		if ($line=~/\bswitch\s*\(.*\)/) {
3484			my $err = '';
3485			my $sep = '';
3486			my @ctx = ctx_block_outer($linenr, $realcnt);
3487			shift(@ctx);
3488			for my $ctx (@ctx) {
3489				my ($clen, $cindent) = line_stats($ctx);
3490				if ($ctx =~ /^\+\s*(case\s+|default:)/ &&
3491							$indent != $cindent) {
3492					$err .= "$sep$ctx\n";
3493					$sep = '';
3494				} else {
3495					$sep = "[...]\n";
3496				}
3497			}
3498			if ($err ne '') {
3499				ERROR("SWITCH_CASE_INDENT_LEVEL",
3500				      "switch and case should be at the same indent\n$hereline$err");
3501			}
3502		}
3503
3504# if/while/etc brace do not go on next line, unless defining a do while loop,
3505# or if that brace on the next line is for something else
3506		if ($line =~ /(.*)\b((?:if|while|for|switch|(?:[a-z_]+|)for_each[a-z_]+)\s*\(|do\b|else\b)/ && $line !~ /^.\s*\#/) {
3507			my $pre_ctx = "$1$2";
3508
3509			my ($level, @ctx) = ctx_statement_level($linenr, $realcnt, 0);
3510
3511			if ($line =~ /^\+\t{6,}/) {
3512				WARN("DEEP_INDENTATION",
3513				     "Too many leading tabs - consider code refactoring\n" . $herecurr);
3514			}
3515
3516			my $ctx_cnt = $realcnt - $#ctx - 1;
3517			my $ctx = join("\n", @ctx);
3518
3519			my $ctx_ln = $linenr;
3520			my $ctx_skip = $realcnt;
3521
3522			while ($ctx_skip > $ctx_cnt || ($ctx_skip == $ctx_cnt &&
3523					defined $lines[$ctx_ln - 1] &&
3524					$lines[$ctx_ln - 1] =~ /^-/)) {
3525				##print "SKIP<$ctx_skip> CNT<$ctx_cnt>\n";
3526				$ctx_skip-- if (!defined $lines[$ctx_ln - 1] || $lines[$ctx_ln - 1] !~ /^-/);
3527				$ctx_ln++;
3528			}
3529
3530			#print "realcnt<$realcnt> ctx_cnt<$ctx_cnt>\n";
3531			#print "pre<$pre_ctx>\nline<$line>\nctx<$ctx>\nnext<$lines[$ctx_ln - 1]>\n";
3532
3533			if ($ctx !~ /{\s*/ && defined($lines[$ctx_ln - 1]) && $lines[$ctx_ln - 1] =~ /^\+\s*{/) {
3534				ERROR("OPEN_BRACE",
3535				      "that open brace { should be on the previous line\n" .
3536					"$here\n$ctx\n$rawlines[$ctx_ln - 1]\n");
3537			}
3538			if ($level == 0 && $pre_ctx !~ /}\s*while\s*\($/ &&
3539			    $ctx =~ /\)\s*\;\s*$/ &&
3540			    defined $lines[$ctx_ln - 1])
3541			{
3542				my ($nlength, $nindent) = line_stats($lines[$ctx_ln - 1]);
3543				if ($nindent > $indent) {
3544					WARN("TRAILING_SEMICOLON",
3545					     "trailing semicolon indicates no statements, indent implies otherwise\n" .
3546						"$here\n$ctx\n$rawlines[$ctx_ln - 1]\n");
3547				}
3548			}
3549		}
3550
3551# Check relative indent for conditionals and blocks.
3552		if ($line =~ /\b(?:(?:if|while|for|(?:[a-z_]+|)for_each[a-z_]+)\s*\(|(?:do|else)\b)/ && $line !~ /^.\s*#/ && $line !~ /\}\s*while\s*/) {
3553			($stat, $cond, $line_nr_next, $remain_next, $off_next) =
3554				ctx_statement_block($linenr, $realcnt, 0)
3555					if (!defined $stat);
3556			my ($s, $c) = ($stat, $cond);
3557
3558			substr($s, 0, length($c), '');
3559
3560			# remove inline comments
3561			$s =~ s/$;/ /g;
3562			$c =~ s/$;/ /g;
3563
3564			# Find out how long the conditional actually is.
3565			my @newlines = ($c =~ /\n/gs);
3566			my $cond_lines = 1 + $#newlines;
3567
3568			# Make sure we remove the line prefixes as we have
3569			# none on the first line, and are going to readd them
3570			# where necessary.
3571			$s =~ s/\n./\n/gs;
3572			while ($s =~ /\n\s+\\\n/) {
3573				$cond_lines += $s =~ s/\n\s+\\\n/\n/g;
3574			}
3575
3576			# We want to check the first line inside the block
3577			# starting at the end of the conditional, so remove:
3578			#  1) any blank line termination
3579			#  2) any opening brace { on end of the line
3580			#  3) any do (...) {
3581			my $continuation = 0;
3582			my $check = 0;
3583			$s =~ s/^.*\bdo\b//;
3584			$s =~ s/^\s*{//;
3585			if ($s =~ s/^\s*\\//) {
3586				$continuation = 1;
3587			}
3588			if ($s =~ s/^\s*?\n//) {
3589				$check = 1;
3590				$cond_lines++;
3591			}
3592
3593			# Also ignore a loop construct at the end of a
3594			# preprocessor statement.
3595			if (($prevline =~ /^.\s*#\s*define\s/ ||
3596			    $prevline =~ /\\\s*$/) && $continuation == 0) {
3597				$check = 0;
3598			}
3599
3600			my $cond_ptr = -1;
3601			$continuation = 0;
3602			while ($cond_ptr != $cond_lines) {
3603				$cond_ptr = $cond_lines;
3604
3605				# If we see an #else/#elif then the code
3606				# is not linear.
3607				if ($s =~ /^\s*\#\s*(?:else|elif)/) {
3608					$check = 0;
3609				}
3610
3611				# Ignore:
3612				#  1) blank lines, they should be at 0,
3613				#  2) preprocessor lines, and
3614				#  3) labels.
3615				if ($continuation ||
3616				    $s =~ /^\s*?\n/ ||
3617				    $s =~ /^\s*#\s*?/ ||
3618				    $s =~ /^\s*$Ident\s*:/) {
3619					$continuation = ($s =~ /^.*?\\\n/) ? 1 : 0;
3620					if ($s =~ s/^.*?\n//) {
3621						$cond_lines++;
3622					}
3623				}
3624			}
3625
3626			my (undef, $sindent) = line_stats("+" . $s);
3627			my $stat_real = raw_line($linenr, $cond_lines);
3628
3629			# Check if either of these lines are modified, else
3630			# this is not this patch's fault.
3631			if (!defined($stat_real) ||
3632			    $stat !~ /^\+/ && $stat_real !~ /^\+/) {
3633				$check = 0;
3634			}
3635			if (defined($stat_real) && $cond_lines > 1) {
3636				$stat_real = "[...]\n$stat_real";
3637			}
3638
3639			#print "line<$line> prevline<$prevline> indent<$indent> sindent<$sindent> check<$check> continuation<$continuation> s<$s> cond_lines<$cond_lines> stat_real<$stat_real> stat<$stat>\n";
3640
3641			if ($check && $s ne '' &&
3642			    (($sindent % 8) != 0 ||
3643			     ($sindent < $indent) ||
3644			     ($sindent == $indent &&
3645			      ($s !~ /^\s*(?:\}|\{|else\b)/)) ||
3646			     ($sindent > $indent + 8))) {
3647				WARN("SUSPECT_CODE_INDENT",
3648				     "suspect code indent for conditional statements ($indent, $sindent)\n" . $herecurr . "$stat_real\n");
3649			}
3650		}
3651
3652		# Track the 'values' across context and added lines.
3653		my $opline = $line; $opline =~ s/^./ /;
3654		my ($curr_values, $curr_vars) =
3655				annotate_values($opline . "\n", $prev_values);
3656		$curr_values = $prev_values . $curr_values;
3657		if ($dbg_values) {
3658			my $outline = $opline; $outline =~ s/\t/ /g;
3659			print "$linenr > .$outline\n";
3660			print "$linenr > $curr_values\n";
3661			print "$linenr >  $curr_vars\n";
3662		}
3663		$prev_values = substr($curr_values, -1);
3664
3665#ignore lines not being added
3666		next if ($line =~ /^[^\+]/);
3667
3668# check for dereferences that span multiple lines
3669		if ($prevline =~ /^\+.*$Lval\s*(?:\.|->)\s*$/ &&
3670		    $line =~ /^\+\s*(?!\#\s*(?!define\s+|if))\s*$Lval/) {
3671			$prevline =~ /($Lval\s*(?:\.|->))\s*$/;
3672			my $ref = $1;
3673			$line =~ /^.\s*($Lval)/;
3674			$ref .= $1;
3675			$ref =~ s/\s//g;
3676			WARN("MULTILINE_DEREFERENCE",
3677			     "Avoid multiple line dereference - prefer '$ref'\n" . $hereprev);
3678		}
3679
3680# check for declarations of signed or unsigned without int
3681		while ($line =~ m{\b($Declare)\s*(?!char\b|short\b|int\b|long\b)\s*($Ident)?\s*[=,;\[\)\(]}g) {
3682			my $type = $1;
3683			my $var = $2;
3684			$var = "" if (!defined $var);
3685			if ($type =~ /^(?:(?:$Storage|$Inline|$Attribute)\s+)*((?:un)?signed)((?:\s*\*)*)\s*$/) {
3686				my $sign = $1;
3687				my $pointer = $2;
3688
3689				$pointer = "" if (!defined $pointer);
3690
3691				if (WARN("UNSPECIFIED_INT",
3692					 "Prefer '" . trim($sign) . " int" . rtrim($pointer) . "' to bare use of '$sign" . rtrim($pointer) . "'\n" . $herecurr) &&
3693				    $fix) {
3694					my $decl = trim($sign) . " int ";
3695					my $comp_pointer = $pointer;
3696					$comp_pointer =~ s/\s//g;
3697					$decl .= $comp_pointer;
3698					$decl = rtrim($decl) if ($var eq "");
3699					$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s@\b$sign\s*\Q$pointer\E\s*$var\b@$decl$var@;
3700				}
3701			}
3702		}
3703
3704# TEST: allow direct testing of the type matcher.
3705		if ($dbg_type) {
3706			if ($line =~ /^.\s*$Declare\s*$/) {
3707				ERROR("TEST_TYPE",
3708				      "TEST: is type\n" . $herecurr);
3709			} elsif ($dbg_type > 1 && $line =~ /^.+($Declare)/) {
3710				ERROR("TEST_NOT_TYPE",
3711				      "TEST: is not type ($1 is)\n". $herecurr);
3712			}
3713			next;
3714		}
3715# TEST: allow direct testing of the attribute matcher.
3716		if ($dbg_attr) {
3717			if ($line =~ /^.\s*$Modifier\s*$/) {
3718				ERROR("TEST_ATTR",
3719				      "TEST: is attr\n" . $herecurr);
3720			} elsif ($dbg_attr > 1 && $line =~ /^.+($Modifier)/) {
3721				ERROR("TEST_NOT_ATTR",
3722				      "TEST: is not attr ($1 is)\n". $herecurr);
3723			}
3724			next;
3725		}
3726
3727# check for initialisation to aggregates open brace on the next line
3728		if ($line =~ /^.\s*{/ &&
3729		    $prevline =~ /(?:^|[^=])=\s*$/) {
3730			if (ERROR("OPEN_BRACE",
3731				  "that open brace { should be on the previous line\n" . $hereprev) &&
3732			    $fix && $prevline =~ /^\+/ && $line =~ /^\+/) {
3733				fix_delete_line($fixlinenr - 1, $prevrawline);
3734				fix_delete_line($fixlinenr, $rawline);
3735				my $fixedline = $prevrawline;
3736				$fixedline =~ s/\s*=\s*$/ = {/;
3737				fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, $fixedline);
3738				$fixedline = $line;
3739				$fixedline =~ s/^(.\s*)\{\s*/$1/;
3740				fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, $fixedline);
3741			}
3742		}
3743
3744#
3745# Checks which are anchored on the added line.
3746#
3747
3748# check for malformed paths in #include statements (uses RAW line)
3749		if ($rawline =~ m{^.\s*\#\s*include\s+[<"](.*)[">]}) {
3750			my $path = $1;
3751			if ($path =~ m{//}) {
3752				ERROR("MALFORMED_INCLUDE",
3753				      "malformed #include filename\n" . $herecurr);
3754			}
3755			if ($path =~ "^uapi/" && $realfile =~ m@\binclude/uapi/@) {
3756				ERROR("UAPI_INCLUDE",
3757				      "No #include in ...include/uapi/... should use a uapi/ path prefix\n" . $herecurr);
3758			}
3759		}
3760
3761# no C99 // comments
3762		if ($line =~ m{//}) {
3763			if (ERROR("C99_COMMENTS",
3764				  "do not use C99 // comments\n" . $herecurr) &&
3765			    $fix) {
3766				my $line = $fixed[$fixlinenr];
3767				if ($line =~ /\/\/(.*)$/) {
3768					my $comment = trim($1);
3769					$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s@\/\/(.*)$@/\* $comment \*/@;
3770				}
3771			}
3772		}
3773		# Remove C99 comments.
3774		$line =~ s@//.*@@;
3775		$opline =~ s@//.*@@;
3776
3777# EXPORT_SYMBOL should immediately follow the thing it is exporting, consider
3778# the whole statement.
3779#print "APW <$lines[$realline_next - 1]>\n";
3780		if (defined $realline_next &&
3781		    exists $lines[$realline_next - 1] &&
3782		    !defined $suppress_export{$realline_next} &&
3783		    ($lines[$realline_next - 1] =~ /EXPORT_SYMBOL.*\((.*)\)/ ||
3784		     $lines[$realline_next - 1] =~ /EXPORT_UNUSED_SYMBOL.*\((.*)\)/)) {
3785			# Handle definitions which produce identifiers with
3786			# a prefix:
3787			#   XXX(foo);
3788			#   EXPORT_SYMBOL(something_foo);
3789			my $name = $1;
3790			if ($stat =~ /^(?:.\s*}\s*\n)?.([A-Z_]+)\s*\(\s*($Ident)/ &&
3791			    $name =~ /^${Ident}_$2/) {
3792#print "FOO C name<$name>\n";
3793				$suppress_export{$realline_next} = 1;
3794
3795			} elsif ($stat !~ /(?:
3796				\n.}\s*$|
3797				^.DEFINE_$Ident\(\Q$name\E\)|
3798				^.DECLARE_$Ident\(\Q$name\E\)|
3799				^.LIST_HEAD\(\Q$name\E\)|
3800				^.(?:$Storage\s+)?$Type\s*\(\s*\*\s*\Q$name\E\s*\)\s*\(|
3801				\b\Q$name\E(?:\s+$Attribute)*\s*(?:;|=|\[|\()
3802			    )/x) {
3803#print "FOO A<$lines[$realline_next - 1]> stat<$stat> name<$name>\n";
3804				$suppress_export{$realline_next} = 2;
3805			} else {
3806				$suppress_export{$realline_next} = 1;
3807			}
3808		}
3809		if (!defined $suppress_export{$linenr} &&
3810		    $prevline =~ /^.\s*$/ &&
3811		    ($line =~ /EXPORT_SYMBOL.*\((.*)\)/ ||
3812		     $line =~ /EXPORT_UNUSED_SYMBOL.*\((.*)\)/)) {
3813#print "FOO B <$lines[$linenr - 1]>\n";
3814			$suppress_export{$linenr} = 2;
3815		}
3816		if (defined $suppress_export{$linenr} &&
3817		    $suppress_export{$linenr} == 2) {
3818			WARN("EXPORT_SYMBOL",
3819			     "EXPORT_SYMBOL(foo); should immediately follow its function/variable\n" . $herecurr);
3820		}
3821
3822# check for global initialisers.
3823		if ($line =~ /^\+$Type\s*$Ident(?:\s+$Modifier)*\s*=\s*($zero_initializer)\s*;/) {
3824			if (ERROR("GLOBAL_INITIALISERS",
3825				  "do not initialise globals to $1\n" . $herecurr) &&
3826			    $fix) {
3827				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/(^.$Type\s*$Ident(?:\s+$Modifier)*)\s*=\s*$zero_initializer\s*;/$1;/;
3828			}
3829		}
3830# check for static initialisers.
3831		if ($line =~ /^\+.*\bstatic\s.*=\s*($zero_initializer)\s*;/) {
3832			if (ERROR("INITIALISED_STATIC",
3833				  "do not initialise statics to $1\n" .
3834				      $herecurr) &&
3835			    $fix) {
3836				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/(\bstatic\s.*?)\s*=\s*$zero_initializer\s*;/$1;/;
3837			}
3838		}
3839
3840# check for misordered declarations of char/short/int/long with signed/unsigned
3841		while ($sline =~ m{(\b$TypeMisordered\b)}g) {
3842			my $tmp = trim($1);
3843			WARN("MISORDERED_TYPE",
3844			     "type '$tmp' should be specified in [[un]signed] [short|int|long|long long] order\n" . $herecurr);
3845		}
3846
3847# check for unnecessary <signed> int declarations of short/long/long long
3848		while ($sline =~ m{\b($TypeMisordered(\s*\*)*|$C90_int_types)\b}g) {
3849			my $type = trim($1);
3850			next if ($type !~ /\bint\b/);
3851			next if ($type !~ /\b(?:short|long\s+long|long)\b/);
3852			my $new_type = $type;
3853			$new_type =~ s/\b\s*int\s*\b/ /;
3854			$new_type =~ s/\b\s*(?:un)?signed\b\s*/ /;
3855			$new_type =~ s/^const\s+//;
3856			$new_type = "unsigned $new_type" if ($type =~ /\bunsigned\b/);
3857			$new_type = "const $new_type" if ($type =~ /^const\b/);
3858			$new_type =~ s/\s+/ /g;
3859			$new_type = trim($new_type);
3860			if (WARN("UNNECESSARY_INT",
3861				 "Prefer '$new_type' over '$type' as the int is unnecessary\n" . $herecurr) &&
3862			    $fix) {
3863				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\b\Q$type\E\b/$new_type/;
3864			}
3865		}
3866
3867# check for static const char * arrays.
3868		if ($line =~ /\bstatic\s+const\s+char\s*\*\s*(\w+)\s*\[\s*\]\s*=\s*/) {
3869			WARN("STATIC_CONST_CHAR_ARRAY",
3870			     "static const char * array should probably be static const char * const\n" .
3871				$herecurr);
3872               }
3873
3874# check for static char foo[] = "bar" declarations.
3875		if ($line =~ /\bstatic\s+char\s+(\w+)\s*\[\s*\]\s*=\s*"/) {
3876			WARN("STATIC_CONST_CHAR_ARRAY",
3877			     "static char array declaration should probably be static const char\n" .
3878				$herecurr);
3879               }
3880
3881# check for const <foo> const where <foo> is not a pointer or array type
3882		if ($sline =~ /\bconst\s+($BasicType)\s+const\b/) {
3883			my $found = $1;
3884			if ($sline =~ /\bconst\s+\Q$found\E\s+const\b\s*\*/) {
3885				WARN("CONST_CONST",
3886				     "'const $found const *' should probably be 'const $found * const'\n" . $herecurr);
3887			} elsif ($sline !~ /\bconst\s+\Q$found\E\s+const\s+\w+\s*\[/) {
3888				WARN("CONST_CONST",
3889				     "'const $found const' should probably be 'const $found'\n" . $herecurr);
3890			}
3891		}
3892
3893# check for non-global char *foo[] = {"bar", ...} declarations.
3894		if ($line =~ /^.\s+(?:static\s+|const\s+)?char\s+\*\s*\w+\s*\[\s*\]\s*=\s*\{/) {
3895			WARN("STATIC_CONST_CHAR_ARRAY",
3896			     "char * array declaration might be better as static const\n" .
3897				$herecurr);
3898               }
3899
3900# check for sizeof(foo)/sizeof(foo[0]) that could be ARRAY_SIZE(foo)
3901		if ($line =~ m@\bsizeof\s*\(\s*($Lval)\s*\)@) {
3902			my $array = $1;
3903			if ($line =~ m@\b(sizeof\s*\(\s*\Q$array\E\s*\)\s*/\s*sizeof\s*\(\s*\Q$array\E\s*\[\s*0\s*\]\s*\))@) {
3904				my $array_div = $1;
3905				if (WARN("ARRAY_SIZE",
3906					 "Prefer ARRAY_SIZE($array)\n" . $herecurr) &&
3907				    $fix) {
3908					$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\Q$array_div\E/ARRAY_SIZE($array)/;
3909				}
3910			}
3911		}
3912
3913# check for function declarations without arguments like "int foo()"
3914		if ($line =~ /(\b$Type\s+$Ident)\s*\(\s*\)/) {
3915			if (ERROR("FUNCTION_WITHOUT_ARGS",
3916				  "Bad function definition - $1() should probably be $1(void)\n" . $herecurr) &&
3917			    $fix) {
3918				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/(\b($Type)\s+($Ident))\s*\(\s*\)/$2 $3(void)/;
3919			}
3920		}
3921
3922# check for new typedefs, only function parameters and sparse annotations
3923# make sense.
3924		if ($line =~ /\btypedef\s/ &&
3925		    $line !~ /\btypedef\s+$Type\s*\(\s*\*?$Ident\s*\)\s*\(/ &&
3926		    $line !~ /\btypedef\s+$Type\s+$Ident\s*\(/ &&
3927		    $line !~ /\b$typeTypedefs\b/ &&
3928		    $line !~ /\b__bitwise\b/) {
3929			WARN("NEW_TYPEDEFS",
3930			     "do not add new typedefs\n" . $herecurr);
3931		}
3932
3933# * goes on variable not on type
3934		# (char*[ const])
3935		while ($line =~ m{(\($NonptrType(\s*(?:$Modifier\b\s*|\*\s*)+)\))}g) {
3936			#print "AA<$1>\n";
3937			my ($ident, $from, $to) = ($1, $2, $2);
3938
3939			# Should start with a space.
3940			$to =~ s/^(\S)/ $1/;
3941			# Should not end with a space.
3942			$to =~ s/\s+$//;
3943			# '*'s should not have spaces between.
3944			while ($to =~ s/\*\s+\*/\*\*/) {
3945			}
3946
3947##			print "1: from<$from> to<$to> ident<$ident>\n";
3948			if ($from ne $to) {
3949				if (ERROR("POINTER_LOCATION",
3950					  "\"(foo$from)\" should be \"(foo$to)\"\n" .  $herecurr) &&
3951				    $fix) {
3952					my $sub_from = $ident;
3953					my $sub_to = $ident;
3954					$sub_to =~ s/\Q$from\E/$to/;
3955					$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
3956					    s@\Q$sub_from\E@$sub_to@;
3957				}
3958			}
3959		}
3960		while ($line =~ m{(\b$NonptrType(\s*(?:$Modifier\b\s*|\*\s*)+)($Ident))}g) {
3961			#print "BB<$1>\n";
3962			my ($match, $from, $to, $ident) = ($1, $2, $2, $3);
3963
3964			# Should start with a space.
3965			$to =~ s/^(\S)/ $1/;
3966			# Should not end with a space.
3967			$to =~ s/\s+$//;
3968			# '*'s should not have spaces between.
3969			while ($to =~ s/\*\s+\*/\*\*/) {
3970			}
3971			# Modifiers should have spaces.
3972			$to =~ s/(\b$Modifier$)/$1 /;
3973
3974##			print "2: from<$from> to<$to> ident<$ident>\n";
3975			if ($from ne $to && $ident !~ /^$Modifier$/) {
3976				if (ERROR("POINTER_LOCATION",
3977					  "\"foo${from}bar\" should be \"foo${to}bar\"\n" .  $herecurr) &&
3978				    $fix) {
3979
3980					my $sub_from = $match;
3981					my $sub_to = $match;
3982					$sub_to =~ s/\Q$from\E/$to/;
3983					$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
3984					    s@\Q$sub_from\E@$sub_to@;
3985				}
3986			}
3987		}
3988
3989# avoid BUG() or BUG_ON()
3990		if ($line =~ /\b(?:BUG|BUG_ON)\b/) {
3991			my $msg_level = \&WARN;
3992			$msg_level = \&CHK if ($file);
3993			&{$msg_level}("AVOID_BUG",
3994				      "Avoid crashing the kernel - try using WARN_ON & recovery code rather than BUG() or BUG_ON()\n" . $herecurr);
3995		}
3996
3997# avoid LINUX_VERSION_CODE
3998		if ($line =~ /\bLINUX_VERSION_CODE\b/) {
3999			WARN("LINUX_VERSION_CODE",
4000			     "LINUX_VERSION_CODE should be avoided, code should be for the version to which it is merged\n" . $herecurr);
4001		}
4002
4003# check for uses of printk_ratelimit
4004		if ($line =~ /\bprintk_ratelimit\s*\(/) {
4005			WARN("PRINTK_RATELIMITED",
4006			     "Prefer printk_ratelimited or pr_<level>_ratelimited to printk_ratelimit\n" . $herecurr);
4007		}
4008
4009# printk should use KERN_* levels
4010		if ($line =~ /\bprintk\s*\(\s*(?!KERN_[A-Z]+\b)/) {
4011			WARN("PRINTK_WITHOUT_KERN_LEVEL",
4012			     "printk() should include KERN_<LEVEL> facility level\n" . $herecurr);
4013		}
4014
4015		if ($line =~ /\bprintk\s*\(\s*KERN_([A-Z]+)/) {
4016			my $orig = $1;
4017			my $level = lc($orig);
4018			$level = "warn" if ($level eq "warning");
4019			my $level2 = $level;
4020			$level2 = "dbg" if ($level eq "debug");
4021			WARN("PREFER_PR_LEVEL",
4022			     "Prefer [subsystem eg: netdev]_$level2([subsystem]dev, ... then dev_$level2(dev, ... then pr_$level(...  to printk(KERN_$orig ...\n" . $herecurr);
4023		}
4024
4025		if ($line =~ /\bpr_warning\s*\(/) {
4026			if (WARN("PREFER_PR_LEVEL",
4027				 "Prefer pr_warn(... to pr_warning(...\n" . $herecurr) &&
4028			    $fix) {
4029				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
4030				    s/\bpr_warning\b/pr_warn/;
4031			}
4032		}
4033
4034		if ($line =~ /\bdev_printk\s*\(\s*KERN_([A-Z]+)/) {
4035			my $orig = $1;
4036			my $level = lc($orig);
4037			$level = "warn" if ($level eq "warning");
4038			$level = "dbg" if ($level eq "debug");
4039			WARN("PREFER_DEV_LEVEL",
4040			     "Prefer dev_$level(... to dev_printk(KERN_$orig, ...\n" . $herecurr);
4041		}
4042
4043# ENOSYS means "bad syscall nr" and nothing else.  This will have a small
4044# number of false positives, but assembly files are not checked, so at
4045# least the arch entry code will not trigger this warning.
4046		if ($line =~ /\bENOSYS\b/) {
4047			WARN("ENOSYS",
4048			     "ENOSYS means 'invalid syscall nr' and nothing else\n" . $herecurr);
4049		}
4050
4051# function brace can't be on same line, except for #defines of do while,
4052# or if closed on same line
4053		if ($perl_version_ok &&
4054		    $sline =~ /$Type\s*$Ident\s*$balanced_parens\s*\{/ &&
4055		    $sline !~ /\#\s*define\b.*do\s*\{/ &&
4056		    $sline !~ /}/) {
4057			if (ERROR("OPEN_BRACE",
4058				  "open brace '{' following function definitions go on the next line\n" . $herecurr) &&
4059			    $fix) {
4060				fix_delete_line($fixlinenr, $rawline);
4061				my $fixed_line = $rawline;
4062				$fixed_line =~ /(^..*$Type\s*$Ident\(.*\)\s*){(.*)$/;
4063				my $line1 = $1;
4064				my $line2 = $2;
4065				fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, ltrim($line1));
4066				fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, "\+{");
4067				if ($line2 !~ /^\s*$/) {
4068					fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, "\+\t" . trim($line2));
4069				}
4070			}
4071		}
4072
4073# open braces for enum, union and struct go on the same line.
4074		if ($line =~ /^.\s*{/ &&
4075		    $prevline =~ /^.\s*(?:typedef\s+)?(enum|union|struct)(?:\s+$Ident)?\s*$/) {
4076			if (ERROR("OPEN_BRACE",
4077				  "open brace '{' following $1 go on the same line\n" . $hereprev) &&
4078			    $fix && $prevline =~ /^\+/ && $line =~ /^\+/) {
4079				fix_delete_line($fixlinenr - 1, $prevrawline);
4080				fix_delete_line($fixlinenr, $rawline);
4081				my $fixedline = rtrim($prevrawline) . " {";
4082				fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, $fixedline);
4083				$fixedline = $rawline;
4084				$fixedline =~ s/^(.\s*)\{\s*/$1\t/;
4085				if ($fixedline !~ /^\+\s*$/) {
4086					fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, $fixedline);
4087				}
4088			}
4089		}
4090
4091# missing space after union, struct or enum definition
4092		if ($line =~ /^.\s*(?:typedef\s+)?(enum|union|struct)(?:\s+$Ident){1,2}[=\{]/) {
4093			if (WARN("SPACING",
4094				 "missing space after $1 definition\n" . $herecurr) &&
4095			    $fix) {
4096				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
4097				    s/^(.\s*(?:typedef\s+)?(?:enum|union|struct)(?:\s+$Ident){1,2})([=\{])/$1 $2/;
4098			}
4099		}
4100
4101# Function pointer declarations
4102# check spacing between type, funcptr, and args
4103# canonical declaration is "type (*funcptr)(args...)"
4104		if ($line =~ /^.\s*($Declare)\((\s*)\*(\s*)($Ident)(\s*)\)(\s*)\(/) {
4105			my $declare = $1;
4106			my $pre_pointer_space = $2;
4107			my $post_pointer_space = $3;
4108			my $funcname = $4;
4109			my $post_funcname_space = $5;
4110			my $pre_args_space = $6;
4111
4112# the $Declare variable will capture all spaces after the type
4113# so check it for a missing trailing missing space but pointer return types
4114# don't need a space so don't warn for those.
4115			my $post_declare_space = "";
4116			if ($declare =~ /(\s+)$/) {
4117				$post_declare_space = $1;
4118				$declare = rtrim($declare);
4119			}
4120			if ($declare !~ /\*$/ && $post_declare_space =~ /^$/) {
4121				WARN("SPACING",
4122				     "missing space after return type\n" . $herecurr);
4123				$post_declare_space = " ";
4124			}
4125
4126# unnecessary space "type  (*funcptr)(args...)"
4127# This test is not currently implemented because these declarations are
4128# equivalent to
4129#	int  foo(int bar, ...)
4130# and this is form shouldn't/doesn't generate a checkpatch warning.
4131#
4132#			elsif ($declare =~ /\s{2,}$/) {
4133#				WARN("SPACING",
4134#				     "Multiple spaces after return type\n" . $herecurr);
4135#			}
4136
4137# unnecessary space "type ( *funcptr)(args...)"
4138			if (defined $pre_pointer_space &&
4139			    $pre_pointer_space =~ /^\s/) {
4140				WARN("SPACING",
4141				     "Unnecessary space after function pointer open parenthesis\n" . $herecurr);
4142			}
4143
4144# unnecessary space "type (* funcptr)(args...)"
4145			if (defined $post_pointer_space &&
4146			    $post_pointer_space =~ /^\s/) {
4147				WARN("SPACING",
4148				     "Unnecessary space before function pointer name\n" . $herecurr);
4149			}
4150
4151# unnecessary space "type (*funcptr )(args...)"
4152			if (defined $post_funcname_space &&
4153			    $post_funcname_space =~ /^\s/) {
4154				WARN("SPACING",
4155				     "Unnecessary space after function pointer name\n" . $herecurr);
4156			}
4157
4158# unnecessary space "type (*funcptr) (args...)"
4159			if (defined $pre_args_space &&
4160			    $pre_args_space =~ /^\s/) {
4161				WARN("SPACING",
4162				     "Unnecessary space before function pointer arguments\n" . $herecurr);
4163			}
4164
4165			if (show_type("SPACING") && $fix) {
4166				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
4167				    s/^(.\s*)$Declare\s*\(\s*\*\s*$Ident\s*\)\s*\(/$1 . $declare . $post_declare_space . '(*' . $funcname . ')('/ex;
4168			}
4169		}
4170
4171# check for spacing round square brackets; allowed:
4172#  1. with a type on the left -- int [] a;
4173#  2. at the beginning of a line for slice initialisers -- [0...10] = 5,
4174#  3. inside a curly brace -- = { [0...10] = 5 }
4175		while ($line =~ /(.*?\s)\[/g) {
4176			my ($where, $prefix) = ($-[1], $1);
4177			if ($prefix !~ /$Type\s+$/ &&
4178			    ($where != 0 || $prefix !~ /^.\s+$/) &&
4179			    $prefix !~ /[{,:]\s+$/) {
4180				if (ERROR("BRACKET_SPACE",
4181					  "space prohibited before open square bracket '['\n" . $herecurr) &&
4182				    $fix) {
4183				    $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
4184					s/^(\+.*?)\s+\[/$1\[/;
4185				}
4186			}
4187		}
4188
4189# check for spaces between functions and their parentheses.
4190		while ($line =~ /($Ident)\s+\(/g) {
4191			my $name = $1;
4192			my $ctx_before = substr($line, 0, $-[1]);
4193			my $ctx = "$ctx_before$name";
4194
4195			# Ignore those directives where spaces _are_ permitted.
4196			if ($name =~ /^(?:
4197				if|for|while|switch|return|case|
4198				volatile|__volatile__|
4199				__attribute__|format|__extension__|
4200				asm|__asm__)$/x)
4201			{
4202			# cpp #define statements have non-optional spaces, ie
4203			# if there is a space between the name and the open
4204			# parenthesis it is simply not a parameter group.
4205			} elsif ($ctx_before =~ /^.\s*\#\s*define\s*$/) {
4206
4207			# cpp #elif statement condition may start with a (
4208			} elsif ($ctx =~ /^.\s*\#\s*elif\s*$/) {
4209
4210			# If this whole things ends with a type its most
4211			# likely a typedef for a function.
4212			} elsif ($ctx =~ /$Type$/) {
4213
4214			} else {
4215				if (WARN("SPACING",
4216					 "space prohibited between function name and open parenthesis '('\n" . $herecurr) &&
4217					     $fix) {
4218					$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
4219					    s/\b$name\s+\(/$name\(/;
4220				}
4221			}
4222		}
4223
4224# Check operator spacing.
4225		if (!($line=~/\#\s*include/)) {
4226			my $fixed_line = "";
4227			my $line_fixed = 0;
4228
4229			my $ops = qr{
4230				<<=|>>=|<=|>=|==|!=|
4231				\+=|-=|\*=|\/=|%=|\^=|\|=|&=|
4232				=>|->|<<|>>|<|>|=|!|~|
4233				&&|\|\||,|\^|\+\+|--|&|\||\+|-|\*|\/|%|
4234				\?:|\?|:
4235			}x;
4236			my @elements = split(/($ops|;)/, $opline);
4237
4238##			print("element count: <" . $#elements . ">\n");
4239##			foreach my $el (@elements) {
4240##				print("el: <$el>\n");
4241##			}
4242
4243			my @fix_elements = ();
4244			my $off = 0;
4245
4246			foreach my $el (@elements) {
4247				push(@fix_elements, substr($rawline, $off, length($el)));
4248				$off += length($el);
4249			}
4250
4251			$off = 0;
4252
4253			my $blank = copy_spacing($opline);
4254			my $last_after = -1;
4255
4256			for (my $n = 0; $n < $#elements; $n += 2) {
4257
4258				my $good = $fix_elements[$n] . $fix_elements[$n + 1];
4259
4260##				print("n: <$n> good: <$good>\n");
4261
4262				$off += length($elements[$n]);
4263
4264				# Pick up the preceding and succeeding characters.
4265				my $ca = substr($opline, 0, $off);
4266				my $cc = '';
4267				if (length($opline) >= ($off + length($elements[$n + 1]))) {
4268					$cc = substr($opline, $off + length($elements[$n + 1]));
4269				}
4270				my $cb = "$ca$;$cc";
4271
4272				my $a = '';
4273				$a = 'V' if ($elements[$n] ne '');
4274				$a = 'W' if ($elements[$n] =~ /\s$/);
4275				$a = 'C' if ($elements[$n] =~ /$;$/);
4276				$a = 'B' if ($elements[$n] =~ /(\[|\()$/);
4277				$a = 'O' if ($elements[$n] eq '');
4278				$a = 'E' if ($ca =~ /^\s*$/);
4279
4280				my $op = $elements[$n + 1];
4281
4282				my $c = '';
4283				if (defined $elements[$n + 2]) {
4284					$c = 'V' if ($elements[$n + 2] ne '');
4285					$c = 'W' if ($elements[$n + 2] =~ /^\s/);
4286					$c = 'C' if ($elements[$n + 2] =~ /^$;/);
4287					$c = 'B' if ($elements[$n + 2] =~ /^(\)|\]|;)/);
4288					$c = 'O' if ($elements[$n + 2] eq '');
4289					$c = 'E' if ($elements[$n + 2] =~ /^\s*\\$/);
4290				} else {
4291					$c = 'E';
4292				}
4293
4294				my $ctx = "${a}x${c}";
4295
4296				my $at = "(ctx:$ctx)";
4297
4298				my $ptr = substr($blank, 0, $off) . "^";
4299				my $hereptr = "$hereline$ptr\n";
4300
4301				# Pull out the value of this operator.
4302				my $op_type = substr($curr_values, $off + 1, 1);
4303
4304				# Get the full operator variant.
4305				my $opv = $op . substr($curr_vars, $off, 1);
4306
4307				# Ignore operators passed as parameters.
4308				if ($op_type ne 'V' &&
4309				    $ca =~ /\s$/ && $cc =~ /^\s*[,\)]/) {
4310
4311#				# Ignore comments
4312#				} elsif ($op =~ /^$;+$/) {
4313
4314				# ; should have either the end of line or a space or \ after it
4315				} elsif ($op eq ';') {
4316					if ($ctx !~ /.x[WEBC]/ &&
4317					    $cc !~ /^\\/ && $cc !~ /^;/) {
4318						if (ERROR("SPACING",
4319							  "space required after that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
4320							$good = $fix_elements[$n] . trim($fix_elements[$n + 1]) . " ";
4321							$line_fixed = 1;
4322						}
4323					}
4324
4325				# // is a comment
4326				} elsif ($op eq '//') {
4327
4328				#   :   when part of a bitfield
4329				} elsif ($opv eq ':B') {
4330					# skip the bitfield test for now
4331
4332				# No spaces for:
4333				#   ->
4334				} elsif ($op eq '->') {
4335					if ($ctx =~ /Wx.|.xW/) {
4336						if (ERROR("SPACING",
4337							  "spaces prohibited around that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
4338							$good = rtrim($fix_elements[$n]) . trim($fix_elements[$n + 1]);
4339							if (defined $fix_elements[$n + 2]) {
4340								$fix_elements[$n + 2] =~ s/^\s+//;
4341							}
4342							$line_fixed = 1;
4343						}
4344					}
4345
4346				# , must not have a space before and must have a space on the right.
4347				} elsif ($op eq ',') {
4348					my $rtrim_before = 0;
4349					my $space_after = 0;
4350					if ($ctx =~ /Wx./) {
4351						if (ERROR("SPACING",
4352							  "space prohibited before that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
4353							$line_fixed = 1;
4354							$rtrim_before = 1;
4355						}
4356					}
4357					if ($ctx !~ /.x[WEC]/ && $cc !~ /^}/) {
4358						if (ERROR("SPACING",
4359							  "space required after that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
4360							$line_fixed = 1;
4361							$last_after = $n;
4362							$space_after = 1;
4363						}
4364					}
4365					if ($rtrim_before || $space_after) {
4366						if ($rtrim_before) {
4367							$good = rtrim($fix_elements[$n]) . trim($fix_elements[$n + 1]);
4368						} else {
4369							$good = $fix_elements[$n] . trim($fix_elements[$n + 1]);
4370						}
4371						if ($space_after) {
4372							$good .= " ";
4373						}
4374					}
4375
4376				# '*' as part of a type definition -- reported already.
4377				} elsif ($opv eq '*_') {
4378					#warn "'*' is part of type\n";
4379
4380				# unary operators should have a space before and
4381				# none after.  May be left adjacent to another
4382				# unary operator, or a cast
4383				} elsif ($op eq '!' || $op eq '~' ||
4384					 $opv eq '*U' || $opv eq '-U' ||
4385					 $opv eq '&U' || $opv eq '&&U') {
4386					if ($ctx !~ /[WEBC]x./ && $ca !~ /(?:\)|!|~|\*|-|\&|\||\+\+|\-\-|\{)$/) {
4387						if (ERROR("SPACING",
4388							  "space required before that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
4389							if ($n != $last_after + 2) {
4390								$good = $fix_elements[$n] . " " . ltrim($fix_elements[$n + 1]);
4391								$line_fixed = 1;
4392							}
4393						}
4394					}
4395					if ($op eq '*' && $cc =~/\s*$Modifier\b/) {
4396						# A unary '*' may be const
4397
4398					} elsif ($ctx =~ /.xW/) {
4399						if (ERROR("SPACING",
4400							  "space prohibited after that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
4401							$good = $fix_elements[$n] . rtrim($fix_elements[$n + 1]);
4402							if (defined $fix_elements[$n + 2]) {
4403								$fix_elements[$n + 2] =~ s/^\s+//;
4404							}
4405							$line_fixed = 1;
4406						}
4407					}
4408
4409				# unary ++ and unary -- are allowed no space on one side.
4410				} elsif ($op eq '++' or $op eq '--') {
4411					if ($ctx !~ /[WEOBC]x[^W]/ && $ctx !~ /[^W]x[WOBEC]/) {
4412						if (ERROR("SPACING",
4413							  "space required one side of that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
4414							$good = $fix_elements[$n] . trim($fix_elements[$n + 1]) . " ";
4415							$line_fixed = 1;
4416						}
4417					}
4418					if ($ctx =~ /Wx[BE]/ ||
4419					    ($ctx =~ /Wx./ && $cc =~ /^;/)) {
4420						if (ERROR("SPACING",
4421							  "space prohibited before that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
4422							$good = rtrim($fix_elements[$n]) . trim($fix_elements[$n + 1]);
4423							$line_fixed = 1;
4424						}
4425					}
4426					if ($ctx =~ /ExW/) {
4427						if (ERROR("SPACING",
4428							  "space prohibited after that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
4429							$good = $fix_elements[$n] . trim($fix_elements[$n + 1]);
4430							if (defined $fix_elements[$n + 2]) {
4431								$fix_elements[$n + 2] =~ s/^\s+//;
4432							}
4433							$line_fixed = 1;
4434						}
4435					}
4436
4437				# << and >> may either have or not have spaces both sides
4438				} elsif ($op eq '<<' or $op eq '>>' or
4439					 $op eq '&' or $op eq '^' or $op eq '|' or
4440					 $op eq '+' or $op eq '-' or
4441					 $op eq '*' or $op eq '/' or
4442					 $op eq '%')
4443				{
4444					if ($check) {
4445						if (defined $fix_elements[$n + 2] && $ctx !~ /[EW]x[EW]/) {
4446							if (CHK("SPACING",
4447								"spaces preferred around that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
4448								$good = rtrim($fix_elements[$n]) . " " . trim($fix_elements[$n + 1]) . " ";
4449								$fix_elements[$n + 2] =~ s/^\s+//;
4450								$line_fixed = 1;
4451							}
4452						} elsif (!defined $fix_elements[$n + 2] && $ctx !~ /Wx[OE]/) {
4453							if (CHK("SPACING",
4454								"space preferred before that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
4455								$good = rtrim($fix_elements[$n]) . " " . trim($fix_elements[$n + 1]);
4456								$line_fixed = 1;
4457							}
4458						}
4459					} elsif ($ctx =~ /Wx[^WCE]|[^WCE]xW/) {
4460						if (ERROR("SPACING",
4461							  "need consistent spacing around '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
4462							$good = rtrim($fix_elements[$n]) . " " . trim($fix_elements[$n + 1]) . " ";
4463							if (defined $fix_elements[$n + 2]) {
4464								$fix_elements[$n + 2] =~ s/^\s+//;
4465							}
4466							$line_fixed = 1;
4467						}
4468					}
4469
4470				# A colon needs no spaces before when it is
4471				# terminating a case value or a label.
4472				} elsif ($opv eq ':C' || $opv eq ':L') {
4473					if ($ctx =~ /Wx./) {
4474						if (ERROR("SPACING",
4475							  "space prohibited before that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
4476							$good = rtrim($fix_elements[$n]) . trim($fix_elements[$n + 1]);
4477							$line_fixed = 1;
4478						}
4479					}
4480
4481				# All the others need spaces both sides.
4482				} elsif ($ctx !~ /[EWC]x[CWE]/) {
4483					my $ok = 0;
4484
4485					# Ignore email addresses <foo@bar>
4486					if (($op eq '<' &&
4487					     $cc =~ /^\S+\@\S+>/) ||
4488					    ($op eq '>' &&
4489					     $ca =~ /<\S+\@\S+$/))
4490					{
4491					    	$ok = 1;
4492					}
4493
4494					# for asm volatile statements
4495					# ignore a colon with another
4496					# colon immediately before or after
4497					if (($op eq ':') &&
4498					    ($ca =~ /:$/ || $cc =~ /^:/)) {
4499						$ok = 1;
4500					}
4501
4502					# messages are ERROR, but ?: are CHK
4503					if ($ok == 0) {
4504						my $msg_level = \&ERROR;
4505						$msg_level = \&CHK if (($op eq '?:' || $op eq '?' || $op eq ':') && $ctx =~ /VxV/);
4506
4507						if (&{$msg_level}("SPACING",
4508								  "spaces required around that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
4509							$good = rtrim($fix_elements[$n]) . " " . trim($fix_elements[$n + 1]) . " ";
4510							if (defined $fix_elements[$n + 2]) {
4511								$fix_elements[$n + 2] =~ s/^\s+//;
4512							}
4513							$line_fixed = 1;
4514						}
4515					}
4516				}
4517				$off += length($elements[$n + 1]);
4518
4519##				print("n: <$n> GOOD: <$good>\n");
4520
4521				$fixed_line = $fixed_line . $good;
4522			}
4523
4524			if (($#elements % 2) == 0) {
4525				$fixed_line = $fixed_line . $fix_elements[$#elements];
4526			}
4527
4528			if ($fix && $line_fixed && $fixed_line ne $fixed[$fixlinenr]) {
4529				$fixed[$fixlinenr] = $fixed_line;
4530			}
4531
4532
4533		}
4534
4535# check for whitespace before a non-naked semicolon
4536		if ($line =~ /^\+.*\S\s+;\s*$/) {
4537			if (WARN("SPACING",
4538				 "space prohibited before semicolon\n" . $herecurr) &&
4539			    $fix) {
4540				1 while $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
4541				    s/^(\+.*\S)\s+;/$1;/;
4542			}
4543		}
4544
4545# check for multiple assignments
4546		if ($line =~ /^.\s*$Lval\s*=\s*$Lval\s*=(?!=)/) {
4547			CHK("MULTIPLE_ASSIGNMENTS",
4548			    "multiple assignments should be avoided\n" . $herecurr);
4549		}
4550
4551## # check for multiple declarations, allowing for a function declaration
4552## # continuation.
4553## 		if ($line =~ /^.\s*$Type\s+$Ident(?:\s*=[^,{]*)?\s*,\s*$Ident.*/ &&
4554## 		    $line !~ /^.\s*$Type\s+$Ident(?:\s*=[^,{]*)?\s*,\s*$Type\s*$Ident.*/) {
4555##
4556## 			# Remove any bracketed sections to ensure we do not
4557## 			# falsly report the parameters of functions.
4558## 			my $ln = $line;
4559## 			while ($ln =~ s/\([^\(\)]*\)//g) {
4560## 			}
4561## 			if ($ln =~ /,/) {
4562## 				WARN("MULTIPLE_DECLARATION",
4563##				     "declaring multiple variables together should be avoided\n" . $herecurr);
4564## 			}
4565## 		}
4566
4567#need space before brace following if, while, etc
4568		if (($line =~ /\(.*\)\{/ && $line !~ /\($Type\)\{/) ||
4569		    $line =~ /\b(?:else|do)\{/) {
4570			if (ERROR("SPACING",
4571				  "space required before the open brace '{'\n" . $herecurr) &&
4572			    $fix) {
4573				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/^(\+.*(?:do|else|\)))\{/$1 {/;
4574			}
4575		}
4576
4577## # check for blank lines before declarations
4578##		if ($line =~ /^.\t+$Type\s+$Ident(?:\s*=.*)?;/ &&
4579##		    $prevrawline =~ /^.\s*$/) {
4580##			WARN("SPACING",
4581##			     "No blank lines before declarations\n" . $hereprev);
4582##		}
4583##
4584
4585# closing brace should have a space following it when it has anything
4586# on the line
4587		if ($line =~ /}(?!(?:,|;|\)))\S/) {
4588			if (ERROR("SPACING",
4589				  "space required after that close brace '}'\n" . $herecurr) &&
4590			    $fix) {
4591				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
4592				    s/}((?!(?:,|;|\)))\S)/} $1/;
4593			}
4594		}
4595
4596# check spacing on square brackets
4597		if ($line =~ /\[\s/ && $line !~ /\[\s*$/) {
4598			if (ERROR("SPACING",
4599				  "space prohibited after that open square bracket '['\n" . $herecurr) &&
4600			    $fix) {
4601				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
4602				    s/\[\s+/\[/;
4603			}
4604		}
4605		if ($line =~ /\s\]/) {
4606			if (ERROR("SPACING",
4607				  "space prohibited before that close square bracket ']'\n" . $herecurr) &&
4608			    $fix) {
4609				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
4610				    s/\s+\]/\]/;
4611			}
4612		}
4613
4614# check spacing on parentheses
4615		if ($line =~ /\(\s/ && $line !~ /\(\s*(?:\\)?$/ &&
4616		    $line !~ /for\s*\(\s+;/) {
4617			if (ERROR("SPACING",
4618				  "space prohibited after that open parenthesis '('\n" . $herecurr) &&
4619			    $fix) {
4620				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
4621				    s/\(\s+/\(/;
4622			}
4623		}
4624		if ($line =~ /(\s+)\)/ && $line !~ /^.\s*\)/ &&
4625		    $line !~ /for\s*\(.*;\s+\)/ &&
4626		    $line !~ /:\s+\)/) {
4627			if (ERROR("SPACING",
4628				  "space prohibited before that close parenthesis ')'\n" . $herecurr) &&
4629			    $fix) {
4630				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
4631				    s/\s+\)/\)/;
4632			}
4633		}
4634
4635# check unnecessary parentheses around addressof/dereference single $Lvals
4636# ie: &(foo->bar) should be &foo->bar and *(foo->bar) should be *foo->bar
4637
4638		while ($line =~ /(?:[^&]&\s*|\*)\(\s*($Ident\s*(?:$Member\s*)+)\s*\)/g) {
4639			my $var = $1;
4640			if (CHK("UNNECESSARY_PARENTHESES",
4641				"Unnecessary parentheses around $var\n" . $herecurr) &&
4642			    $fix) {
4643				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\(\s*\Q$var\E\s*\)/$var/;
4644			}
4645		}
4646
4647# check for unnecessary parentheses around function pointer uses
4648# ie: (foo->bar)(); should be foo->bar();
4649# but not "if (foo->bar) (" to avoid some false positives
4650		if ($line =~ /(\bif\s*|)(\(\s*$Ident\s*(?:$Member\s*)+\))[ \t]*\(/ && $1 !~ /^if/) {
4651			my $var = $2;
4652			if (CHK("UNNECESSARY_PARENTHESES",
4653				"Unnecessary parentheses around function pointer $var\n" . $herecurr) &&
4654			    $fix) {
4655				my $var2 = deparenthesize($var);
4656				$var2 =~ s/\s//g;
4657				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\Q$var\E/$var2/;
4658			}
4659		}
4660
4661# check for unnecessary parentheses around comparisons in if uses
4662# when !drivers/staging or command-line uses --strict
4663		if (($realfile !~ m@^(?:drivers/staging/)@ || $check_orig) &&
4664		    $perl_version_ok && defined($stat) &&
4665		    $stat =~ /(^.\s*if\s*($balanced_parens))/) {
4666			my $if_stat = $1;
4667			my $test = substr($2, 1, -1);
4668			my $herectx;
4669			while ($test =~ /(?:^|[^\w\&\!\~])+\s*\(\s*([\&\!\~]?\s*$Lval\s*(?:$Compare\s*$FuncArg)?)\s*\)/g) {
4670				my $match = $1;
4671				# avoid parentheses around potential macro args
4672				next if ($match =~ /^\s*\w+\s*$/);
4673				if (!defined($herectx)) {
4674					$herectx = $here . "\n";
4675					my $cnt = statement_rawlines($if_stat);
4676					for (my $n = 0; $n < $cnt; $n++) {
4677						my $rl = raw_line($linenr, $n);
4678						$herectx .=  $rl . "\n";
4679						last if $rl =~ /^[ \+].*\{/;
4680					}
4681				}
4682				CHK("UNNECESSARY_PARENTHESES",
4683				    "Unnecessary parentheses around '$match'\n" . $herectx);
4684			}
4685		}
4686
4687#goto labels aren't indented, allow a single space however
4688		if ($line=~/^.\s+[A-Za-z\d_]+:(?![0-9]+)/ and
4689		   !($line=~/^. [A-Za-z\d_]+:/) and !($line=~/^.\s+default:/)) {
4690			if (WARN("INDENTED_LABEL",
4691				 "labels should not be indented\n" . $herecurr) &&
4692			    $fix) {
4693				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
4694				    s/^(.)\s+/$1/;
4695			}
4696		}
4697
4698# return is not a function
4699		if (defined($stat) && $stat =~ /^.\s*return(\s*)\(/s) {
4700			my $spacing = $1;
4701			if ($perl_version_ok &&
4702			    $stat =~ /^.\s*return\s*($balanced_parens)\s*;\s*$/) {
4703				my $value = $1;
4704				$value = deparenthesize($value);
4705				if ($value =~ m/^\s*$FuncArg\s*(?:\?|$)/) {
4706					ERROR("RETURN_PARENTHESES",
4707					      "return is not a function, parentheses are not required\n" . $herecurr);
4708				}
4709			} elsif ($spacing !~ /\s+/) {
4710				ERROR("SPACING",
4711				      "space required before the open parenthesis '('\n" . $herecurr);
4712			}
4713		}
4714
4715# unnecessary return in a void function
4716# at end-of-function, with the previous line a single leading tab, then return;
4717# and the line before that not a goto label target like "out:"
4718		if ($sline =~ /^[ \+]}\s*$/ &&
4719		    $prevline =~ /^\+\treturn\s*;\s*$/ &&
4720		    $linenr >= 3 &&
4721		    $lines[$linenr - 3] =~ /^[ +]/ &&
4722		    $lines[$linenr - 3] !~ /^[ +]\s*$Ident\s*:/) {
4723			WARN("RETURN_VOID",
4724			     "void function return statements are not generally useful\n" . $hereprev);
4725               }
4726
4727# if statements using unnecessary parentheses - ie: if ((foo == bar))
4728		if ($perl_version_ok &&
4729		    $line =~ /\bif\s*((?:\(\s*){2,})/) {
4730			my $openparens = $1;
4731			my $count = $openparens =~ tr@\(@\(@;
4732			my $msg = "";
4733			if ($line =~ /\bif\s*(?:\(\s*){$count,$count}$LvalOrFunc\s*($Compare)\s*$LvalOrFunc(?:\s*\)){$count,$count}/) {
4734				my $comp = $4;	#Not $1 because of $LvalOrFunc
4735				$msg = " - maybe == should be = ?" if ($comp eq "==");
4736				WARN("UNNECESSARY_PARENTHESES",
4737				     "Unnecessary parentheses$msg\n" . $herecurr);
4738			}
4739		}
4740
4741# comparisons with a constant or upper case identifier on the left
4742#	avoid cases like "foo + BAR < baz"
4743#	only fix matches surrounded by parentheses to avoid incorrect
4744#	conversions like "FOO < baz() + 5" being "misfixed" to "baz() > FOO + 5"
4745		if ($perl_version_ok &&
4746		    $line =~ /^\+(.*)\b($Constant|[A-Z_][A-Z0-9_]*)\s*($Compare)\s*($LvalOrFunc)/) {
4747			my $lead = $1;
4748			my $const = $2;
4749			my $comp = $3;
4750			my $to = $4;
4751			my $newcomp = $comp;
4752			if ($lead !~ /(?:$Operators|\.)\s*$/ &&
4753			    $to !~ /^(?:Constant|[A-Z_][A-Z0-9_]*)$/ &&
4754			    WARN("CONSTANT_COMPARISON",
4755				 "Comparisons should place the constant on the right side of the test\n" . $herecurr) &&
4756			    $fix) {
4757				if ($comp eq "<") {
4758					$newcomp = ">";
4759				} elsif ($comp eq "<=") {
4760					$newcomp = ">=";
4761				} elsif ($comp eq ">") {
4762					$newcomp = "<";
4763				} elsif ($comp eq ">=") {
4764					$newcomp = "<=";
4765				}
4766				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\(\s*\Q$const\E\s*$Compare\s*\Q$to\E\s*\)/($to $newcomp $const)/;
4767			}
4768		}
4769
4770# Return of what appears to be an errno should normally be negative
4771		if ($sline =~ /\breturn(?:\s*\(+\s*|\s+)(E[A-Z]+)(?:\s*\)+\s*|\s*)[;:,]/) {
4772			my $name = $1;
4773			if ($name ne 'EOF' && $name ne 'ERROR') {
4774				WARN("USE_NEGATIVE_ERRNO",
4775				     "return of an errno should typically be negative (ie: return -$1)\n" . $herecurr);
4776			}
4777		}
4778
4779# Need a space before open parenthesis after if, while etc
4780		if ($line =~ /\b(if|while|for|switch)\(/) {
4781			if (ERROR("SPACING",
4782				  "space required before the open parenthesis '('\n" . $herecurr) &&
4783			    $fix) {
4784				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
4785				    s/\b(if|while|for|switch)\(/$1 \(/;
4786			}
4787		}
4788
4789# Check for illegal assignment in if conditional -- and check for trailing
4790# statements after the conditional.
4791		if ($line =~ /do\s*(?!{)/) {
4792			($stat, $cond, $line_nr_next, $remain_next, $off_next) =
4793				ctx_statement_block($linenr, $realcnt, 0)
4794					if (!defined $stat);
4795			my ($stat_next) = ctx_statement_block($line_nr_next,
4796						$remain_next, $off_next);
4797			$stat_next =~ s/\n./\n /g;
4798			##print "stat<$stat> stat_next<$stat_next>\n";
4799
4800			if ($stat_next =~ /^\s*while\b/) {
4801				# If the statement carries leading newlines,
4802				# then count those as offsets.
4803				my ($whitespace) =
4804					($stat_next =~ /^((?:\s*\n[+-])*\s*)/s);
4805				my $offset =
4806					statement_rawlines($whitespace) - 1;
4807
4808				$suppress_whiletrailers{$line_nr_next +
4809								$offset} = 1;
4810			}
4811		}
4812		if (!defined $suppress_whiletrailers{$linenr} &&
4813		    defined($stat) && defined($cond) &&
4814		    $line =~ /\b(?:if|while|for)\s*\(/ && $line !~ /^.\s*#/) {
4815			my ($s, $c) = ($stat, $cond);
4816
4817			if ($c =~ /\bif\s*\(.*[^<>!=]=[^=].*/s) {
4818				ERROR("ASSIGN_IN_IF",
4819				      "do not use assignment in if condition\n" . $herecurr);
4820			}
4821
4822			# Find out what is on the end of the line after the
4823			# conditional.
4824			substr($s, 0, length($c), '');
4825			$s =~ s/\n.*//g;
4826			$s =~ s/$;//g; 	# Remove any comments
4827			if (length($c) && $s !~ /^\s*{?\s*\\*\s*$/ &&
4828			    $c !~ /}\s*while\s*/)
4829			{
4830				# Find out how long the conditional actually is.
4831				my @newlines = ($c =~ /\n/gs);
4832				my $cond_lines = 1 + $#newlines;
4833				my $stat_real = '';
4834
4835				$stat_real = raw_line($linenr, $cond_lines)
4836							. "\n" if ($cond_lines);
4837				if (defined($stat_real) && $cond_lines > 1) {
4838					$stat_real = "[...]\n$stat_real";
4839				}
4840
4841				ERROR("TRAILING_STATEMENTS",
4842				      "trailing statements should be on next line\n" . $herecurr . $stat_real);
4843			}
4844		}
4845
4846# Check for bitwise tests written as boolean
4847		if ($line =~ /
4848			(?:
4849				(?:\[|\(|\&\&|\|\|)
4850				\s*0[xX][0-9]+\s*
4851				(?:\&\&|\|\|)
4852			|
4853				(?:\&\&|\|\|)
4854				\s*0[xX][0-9]+\s*
4855				(?:\&\&|\|\||\)|\])
4856			)/x)
4857		{
4858			WARN("HEXADECIMAL_BOOLEAN_TEST",
4859			     "boolean test with hexadecimal, perhaps just 1 \& or \|?\n" . $herecurr);
4860		}
4861
4862# if and else should not have general statements after it
4863		if ($line =~ /^.\s*(?:}\s*)?else\b(.*)/) {
4864			my $s = $1;
4865			$s =~ s/$;//g; 	# Remove any comments
4866			if ($s !~ /^\s*(?:\sif|(?:{|)\s*\\?\s*$)/) {
4867				ERROR("TRAILING_STATEMENTS",
4868				      "trailing statements should be on next line\n" . $herecurr);
4869			}
4870		}
4871# if should not continue a brace
4872		if ($line =~ /}\s*if\b/) {
4873			ERROR("TRAILING_STATEMENTS",
4874			      "trailing statements should be on next line (or did you mean 'else if'?)\n" .
4875				$herecurr);
4876		}
4877# case and default should not have general statements after them
4878		if ($line =~ /^.\s*(?:case\s*.*|default\s*):/g &&
4879		    $line !~ /\G(?:
4880			(?:\s*$;*)(?:\s*{)?(?:\s*$;*)(?:\s*\\)?\s*$|
4881			\s*return\s+
4882		    )/xg)
4883		{
4884			ERROR("TRAILING_STATEMENTS",
4885			      "trailing statements should be on next line\n" . $herecurr);
4886		}
4887
4888		# Check for }<nl>else {, these must be at the same
4889		# indent level to be relevant to each other.
4890		if ($prevline=~/}\s*$/ and $line=~/^.\s*else\s*/ &&
4891		    $previndent == $indent) {
4892			if (ERROR("ELSE_AFTER_BRACE",
4893				  "else should follow close brace '}'\n" . $hereprev) &&
4894			    $fix && $prevline =~ /^\+/ && $line =~ /^\+/) {
4895				fix_delete_line($fixlinenr - 1, $prevrawline);
4896				fix_delete_line($fixlinenr, $rawline);
4897				my $fixedline = $prevrawline;
4898				$fixedline =~ s/}\s*$//;
4899				if ($fixedline !~ /^\+\s*$/) {
4900					fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, $fixedline);
4901				}
4902				$fixedline = $rawline;
4903				$fixedline =~ s/^(.\s*)else/$1} else/;
4904				fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, $fixedline);
4905			}
4906		}
4907
4908		if ($prevline=~/}\s*$/ and $line=~/^.\s*while\s*/ &&
4909		    $previndent == $indent) {
4910			my ($s, $c) = ctx_statement_block($linenr, $realcnt, 0);
4911
4912			# Find out what is on the end of the line after the
4913			# conditional.
4914			substr($s, 0, length($c), '');
4915			$s =~ s/\n.*//g;
4916
4917			if ($s =~ /^\s*;/) {
4918				if (ERROR("WHILE_AFTER_BRACE",
4919					  "while should follow close brace '}'\n" . $hereprev) &&
4920				    $fix && $prevline =~ /^\+/ && $line =~ /^\+/) {
4921					fix_delete_line($fixlinenr - 1, $prevrawline);
4922					fix_delete_line($fixlinenr, $rawline);
4923					my $fixedline = $prevrawline;
4924					my $trailing = $rawline;
4925					$trailing =~ s/^\+//;
4926					$trailing = trim($trailing);
4927					$fixedline =~ s/}\s*$/} $trailing/;
4928					fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, $fixedline);
4929				}
4930			}
4931		}
4932
4933#Specific variable tests
4934		while ($line =~ m{($Constant|$Lval)}g) {
4935			my $var = $1;
4936
4937#gcc binary extension
4938			if ($var =~ /^$Binary$/) {
4939				if (WARN("GCC_BINARY_CONSTANT",
4940					 "Avoid gcc v4.3+ binary constant extension: <$var>\n" . $herecurr) &&
4941				    $fix) {
4942					my $hexval = sprintf("0x%x", oct($var));
4943					$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
4944					    s/\b$var\b/$hexval/;
4945				}
4946			}
4947
4948#CamelCase
4949			if ($var !~ /^$Constant$/ &&
4950			    $var =~ /[A-Z][a-z]|[a-z][A-Z]/ &&
4951#Ignore Page<foo> variants
4952			    $var !~ /^(?:Clear|Set|TestClear|TestSet|)Page[A-Z]/ &&
4953#Ignore SI style variants like nS, mV and dB (ie: max_uV, regulator_min_uA_show)
4954			    $var !~ /^(?:[a-z_]*?)_?[a-z][A-Z](?:_[a-z_]+)?$/ &&
4955#Ignore some three character SI units explicitly, like MiB and KHz
4956			    $var !~ /^(?:[a-z_]*?)_?(?:[KMGT]iB|[KMGT]?Hz)(?:_[a-z_]+)?$/) {
4957				while ($var =~ m{($Ident)}g) {
4958					my $word = $1;
4959					next if ($word !~ /[A-Z][a-z]|[a-z][A-Z]/);
4960					if ($check) {
4961						seed_camelcase_includes();
4962						if (!$file && !$camelcase_file_seeded) {
4963							seed_camelcase_file($realfile);
4964							$camelcase_file_seeded = 1;
4965						}
4966					}
4967					if (!defined $camelcase{$word}) {
4968						$camelcase{$word} = 1;
4969						CHK("CAMELCASE",
4970						    "Avoid CamelCase: <$word>\n" . $herecurr);
4971					}
4972				}
4973			}
4974		}
4975
4976#no spaces allowed after \ in define
4977		if ($line =~ /\#\s*define.*\\\s+$/) {
4978			if (WARN("WHITESPACE_AFTER_LINE_CONTINUATION",
4979				 "Whitespace after \\ makes next lines useless\n" . $herecurr) &&
4980			    $fix) {
4981				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\s+$//;
4982			}
4983		}
4984
4985# warn if <asm/foo.h> is #included and <linux/foo.h> is available and includes
4986# itself <asm/foo.h> (uses RAW line)
4987		if ($tree && $rawline =~ m{^.\s*\#\s*include\s*\<asm\/(.*)\.h\>}) {
4988			my $file = "$1.h";
4989			my $checkfile = "include/linux/$file";
4990			if (-f "$root/$checkfile" &&
4991			    $realfile ne $checkfile &&
4992			    $1 !~ /$allowed_asm_includes/)
4993			{
4994				my $asminclude = `grep -Ec "#include\\s+<asm/$file>" $root/$checkfile`;
4995				if ($asminclude > 0) {
4996					if ($realfile =~ m{^arch/}) {
4997						CHK("ARCH_INCLUDE_LINUX",
4998						    "Consider using #include <linux/$file> instead of <asm/$file>\n" . $herecurr);
4999					} else {
5000						WARN("INCLUDE_LINUX",
5001						     "Use #include <linux/$file> instead of <asm/$file>\n" . $herecurr);
5002					}
5003				}
5004			}
5005		}
5006
5007# multi-statement macros should be enclosed in a do while loop, grab the
5008# first statement and ensure its the whole macro if its not enclosed
5009# in a known good container
5010		if ($realfile !~ m@/vmlinux.lds.h$@ &&
5011		    $line =~ /^.\s*\#\s*define\s*$Ident(\()?/) {
5012			my $ln = $linenr;
5013			my $cnt = $realcnt;
5014			my ($off, $dstat, $dcond, $rest);
5015			my $ctx = '';
5016			my $has_flow_statement = 0;
5017			my $has_arg_concat = 0;
5018			($dstat, $dcond, $ln, $cnt, $off) =
5019				ctx_statement_block($linenr, $realcnt, 0);
5020			$ctx = $dstat;
5021			#print "dstat<$dstat> dcond<$dcond> cnt<$cnt> off<$off>\n";
5022			#print "LINE<$lines[$ln-1]> len<" . length($lines[$ln-1]) . "\n";
5023
5024			$has_flow_statement = 1 if ($ctx =~ /\b(goto|return)\b/);
5025			$has_arg_concat = 1 if ($ctx =~ /\#\#/ && $ctx !~ /\#\#\s*(?:__VA_ARGS__|args)\b/);
5026
5027			$dstat =~ s/^.\s*\#\s*define\s+$Ident(\([^\)]*\))?\s*//;
5028			my $define_args = $1;
5029			my $define_stmt = $dstat;
5030			my @def_args = ();
5031
5032			if (defined $define_args && $define_args ne "") {
5033				$define_args = substr($define_args, 1, length($define_args) - 2);
5034				$define_args =~ s/\s*//g;
5035				$define_args =~ s/\\\+?//g;
5036				@def_args = split(",", $define_args);
5037			}
5038
5039			$dstat =~ s/$;//g;
5040			$dstat =~ s/\\\n.//g;
5041			$dstat =~ s/^\s*//s;
5042			$dstat =~ s/\s*$//s;
5043
5044			# Flatten any parentheses and braces
5045			while ($dstat =~ s/\([^\(\)]*\)/1/ ||
5046			       $dstat =~ s/\{[^\{\}]*\}/1/ ||
5047			       $dstat =~ s/.\[[^\[\]]*\]/1/)
5048			{
5049			}
5050
5051			# Flatten any obvious string concatentation.
5052			while ($dstat =~ s/($String)\s*$Ident/$1/ ||
5053			       $dstat =~ s/$Ident\s*($String)/$1/)
5054			{
5055			}
5056
5057			# Make asm volatile uses seem like a generic function
5058			$dstat =~ s/\b_*asm_*\s+_*volatile_*\b/asm_volatile/g;
5059
5060			my $exceptions = qr{
5061				$Declare|
5062				module_param_named|
5063				MODULE_PARM_DESC|
5064				DECLARE_PER_CPU|
5065				DEFINE_PER_CPU|
5066				__typeof__\(|
5067				union|
5068				struct|
5069				\.$Ident\s*=\s*|
5070				^\"|\"$|
5071				^\[
5072			}x;
5073			#print "REST<$rest> dstat<$dstat> ctx<$ctx>\n";
5074
5075			$ctx =~ s/\n*$//;
5076			my $stmt_cnt = statement_rawlines($ctx);
5077			my $herectx = get_stat_here($linenr, $stmt_cnt, $here);
5078
5079			if ($dstat ne '' &&
5080			    $dstat !~ /^(?:$Ident|-?$Constant),$/ &&			# 10, // foo(),
5081			    $dstat !~ /^(?:$Ident|-?$Constant);$/ &&			# foo();
5082			    $dstat !~ /^[!~-]?(?:$Lval|$Constant)$/ &&		# 10 // foo() // !foo // ~foo // -foo // foo->bar // foo.bar->baz
5083			    $dstat !~ /^'X'$/ && $dstat !~ /^'XX'$/ &&			# character constants
5084			    $dstat !~ /$exceptions/ &&
5085			    $dstat !~ /^\.$Ident\s*=/ &&				# .foo =
5086			    $dstat !~ /^(?:\#\s*$Ident|\#\s*$Constant)\s*$/ &&		# stringification #foo
5087			    $dstat !~ /^do\s*$Constant\s*while\s*$Constant;?$/ &&	# do {...} while (...); // do {...} while (...)
5088			    $dstat !~ /^for\s*$Constant$/ &&				# for (...)
5089			    $dstat !~ /^for\s*$Constant\s+(?:$Ident|-?$Constant)$/ &&	# for (...) bar()
5090			    $dstat !~ /^do\s*{/ &&					# do {...
5091			    $dstat !~ /^\(\{/ &&						# ({...
5092			    $ctx !~ /^.\s*#\s*define\s+TRACE_(?:SYSTEM|INCLUDE_FILE|INCLUDE_PATH)\b/)
5093			{
5094				if ($dstat =~ /^\s*if\b/) {
5095					ERROR("MULTISTATEMENT_MACRO_USE_DO_WHILE",
5096					      "Macros starting with if should be enclosed by a do - while loop to avoid possible if/else logic defects\n" . "$herectx");
5097				} elsif ($dstat =~ /;/) {
5098					ERROR("MULTISTATEMENT_MACRO_USE_DO_WHILE",
5099					      "Macros with multiple statements should be enclosed in a do - while loop\n" . "$herectx");
5100				} else {
5101					ERROR("COMPLEX_MACRO",
5102					      "Macros with complex values should be enclosed in parentheses\n" . "$herectx");
5103				}
5104
5105			}
5106
5107			# Make $define_stmt single line, comment-free, etc
5108			my @stmt_array = split('\n', $define_stmt);
5109			my $first = 1;
5110			$define_stmt = "";
5111			foreach my $l (@stmt_array) {
5112				$l =~ s/\\$//;
5113				if ($first) {
5114					$define_stmt = $l;
5115					$first = 0;
5116				} elsif ($l =~ /^[\+ ]/) {
5117					$define_stmt .= substr($l, 1);
5118				}
5119			}
5120			$define_stmt =~ s/$;//g;
5121			$define_stmt =~ s/\s+/ /g;
5122			$define_stmt = trim($define_stmt);
5123
5124# check if any macro arguments are reused (ignore '...' and 'type')
5125			foreach my $arg (@def_args) {
5126			        next if ($arg =~ /\.\.\./);
5127			        next if ($arg =~ /^type$/i);
5128				my $tmp_stmt = $define_stmt;
5129				$tmp_stmt =~ s/\b(typeof|__typeof__|__builtin\w+|typecheck\s*\(\s*$Type\s*,|\#+)\s*\(*\s*$arg\s*\)*\b//g;
5130				$tmp_stmt =~ s/\#+\s*$arg\b//g;
5131				$tmp_stmt =~ s/\b$arg\s*\#\#//g;
5132				my $use_cnt = () = $tmp_stmt =~ /\b$arg\b/g;
5133				if ($use_cnt > 1) {
5134					CHK("MACRO_ARG_REUSE",
5135					    "Macro argument reuse '$arg' - possible side-effects?\n" . "$herectx");
5136				    }
5137# check if any macro arguments may have other precedence issues
5138				if ($tmp_stmt =~ m/($Operators)?\s*\b$arg\b\s*($Operators)?/m &&
5139				    ((defined($1) && $1 ne ',') ||
5140				     (defined($2) && $2 ne ','))) {
5141					CHK("MACRO_ARG_PRECEDENCE",
5142					    "Macro argument '$arg' may be better as '($arg)' to avoid precedence issues\n" . "$herectx");
5143				}
5144			}
5145
5146# check for macros with flow control, but without ## concatenation
5147# ## concatenation is commonly a macro that defines a function so ignore those
5148			if ($has_flow_statement && !$has_arg_concat) {
5149				my $cnt = statement_rawlines($ctx);
5150				my $herectx = get_stat_here($linenr, $cnt, $here);
5151
5152				WARN("MACRO_WITH_FLOW_CONTROL",
5153				     "Macros with flow control statements should be avoided\n" . "$herectx");
5154			}
5155
5156# check for line continuations outside of #defines, preprocessor #, and asm
5157
5158		} else {
5159			if ($prevline !~ /^..*\\$/ &&
5160			    $line !~ /^\+\s*\#.*\\$/ &&		# preprocessor
5161			    $line !~ /^\+.*\b(__asm__|asm)\b.*\\$/ &&	# asm
5162			    $line =~ /^\+.*\\$/) {
5163				WARN("LINE_CONTINUATIONS",
5164				     "Avoid unnecessary line continuations\n" . $herecurr);
5165			}
5166		}
5167
5168# do {} while (0) macro tests:
5169# single-statement macros do not need to be enclosed in do while (0) loop,
5170# macro should not end with a semicolon
5171		if ($perl_version_ok &&
5172		    $realfile !~ m@/vmlinux.lds.h$@ &&
5173		    $line =~ /^.\s*\#\s*define\s+$Ident(\()?/) {
5174			my $ln = $linenr;
5175			my $cnt = $realcnt;
5176			my ($off, $dstat, $dcond, $rest);
5177			my $ctx = '';
5178			($dstat, $dcond, $ln, $cnt, $off) =
5179				ctx_statement_block($linenr, $realcnt, 0);
5180			$ctx = $dstat;
5181
5182			$dstat =~ s/\\\n.//g;
5183			$dstat =~ s/$;/ /g;
5184
5185			if ($dstat =~ /^\+\s*#\s*define\s+$Ident\s*${balanced_parens}\s*do\s*{(.*)\s*}\s*while\s*\(\s*0\s*\)\s*([;\s]*)\s*$/) {
5186				my $stmts = $2;
5187				my $semis = $3;
5188
5189				$ctx =~ s/\n*$//;
5190				my $cnt = statement_rawlines($ctx);
5191				my $herectx = get_stat_here($linenr, $cnt, $here);
5192
5193				if (($stmts =~ tr/;/;/) == 1 &&
5194				    $stmts !~ /^\s*(if|while|for|switch)\b/) {
5195					WARN("SINGLE_STATEMENT_DO_WHILE_MACRO",
5196					     "Single statement macros should not use a do {} while (0) loop\n" . "$herectx");
5197				}
5198				if (defined $semis && $semis ne "") {
5199					WARN("DO_WHILE_MACRO_WITH_TRAILING_SEMICOLON",
5200					     "do {} while (0) macros should not be semicolon terminated\n" . "$herectx");
5201				}
5202			} elsif ($dstat =~ /^\+\s*#\s*define\s+$Ident.*;\s*$/) {
5203				$ctx =~ s/\n*$//;
5204				my $cnt = statement_rawlines($ctx);
5205				my $herectx = get_stat_here($linenr, $cnt, $here);
5206
5207				WARN("TRAILING_SEMICOLON",
5208				     "macros should not use a trailing semicolon\n" . "$herectx");
5209			}
5210		}
5211
5212# check for redundant bracing round if etc
5213		if ($line =~ /(^.*)\bif\b/ && $1 !~ /else\s*$/) {
5214			my ($level, $endln, @chunks) =
5215				ctx_statement_full($linenr, $realcnt, 1);
5216			#print "chunks<$#chunks> linenr<$linenr> endln<$endln> level<$level>\n";
5217			#print "APW: <<$chunks[1][0]>><<$chunks[1][1]>>\n";
5218			if ($#chunks > 0 && $level == 0) {
5219				my @allowed = ();
5220				my $allow = 0;
5221				my $seen = 0;
5222				my $herectx = $here . "\n";
5223				my $ln = $linenr - 1;
5224				for my $chunk (@chunks) {
5225					my ($cond, $block) = @{$chunk};
5226
5227					# If the condition carries leading newlines, then count those as offsets.
5228					my ($whitespace) = ($cond =~ /^((?:\s*\n[+-])*\s*)/s);
5229					my $offset = statement_rawlines($whitespace) - 1;
5230
5231					$allowed[$allow] = 0;
5232					#print "COND<$cond> whitespace<$whitespace> offset<$offset>\n";
5233
5234					# We have looked at and allowed this specific line.
5235					$suppress_ifbraces{$ln + $offset} = 1;
5236
5237					$herectx .= "$rawlines[$ln + $offset]\n[...]\n";
5238					$ln += statement_rawlines($block) - 1;
5239
5240					substr($block, 0, length($cond), '');
5241
5242					$seen++ if ($block =~ /^\s*{/);
5243
5244					#print "cond<$cond> block<$block> allowed<$allowed[$allow]>\n";
5245					if (statement_lines($cond) > 1) {
5246						#print "APW: ALLOWED: cond<$cond>\n";
5247						$allowed[$allow] = 1;
5248					}
5249					if ($block =~/\b(?:if|for|while)\b/) {
5250						#print "APW: ALLOWED: block<$block>\n";
5251						$allowed[$allow] = 1;
5252					}
5253					if (statement_block_size($block) > 1) {
5254						#print "APW: ALLOWED: lines block<$block>\n";
5255						$allowed[$allow] = 1;
5256					}
5257					$allow++;
5258				}
5259				if ($seen) {
5260					my $sum_allowed = 0;
5261					foreach (@allowed) {
5262						$sum_allowed += $_;
5263					}
5264					if ($sum_allowed == 0) {
5265						WARN("BRACES",
5266						     "braces {} are not necessary for any arm of this statement\n" . $herectx);
5267					} elsif ($sum_allowed != $allow &&
5268						 $seen != $allow) {
5269						CHK("BRACES",
5270						    "braces {} should be used on all arms of this statement\n" . $herectx);
5271					}
5272				}
5273			}
5274		}
5275		if (!defined $suppress_ifbraces{$linenr - 1} &&
5276					$line =~ /\b(if|while|for|else)\b/) {
5277			my $allowed = 0;
5278
5279			# Check the pre-context.
5280			if (substr($line, 0, $-[0]) =~ /(\}\s*)$/) {
5281				#print "APW: ALLOWED: pre<$1>\n";
5282				$allowed = 1;
5283			}
5284
5285			my ($level, $endln, @chunks) =
5286				ctx_statement_full($linenr, $realcnt, $-[0]);
5287
5288			# Check the condition.
5289			my ($cond, $block) = @{$chunks[0]};
5290			#print "CHECKING<$linenr> cond<$cond> block<$block>\n";
5291			if (defined $cond) {
5292				substr($block, 0, length($cond), '');
5293			}
5294			if (statement_lines($cond) > 1) {
5295				#print "APW: ALLOWED: cond<$cond>\n";
5296				$allowed = 1;
5297			}
5298			if ($block =~/\b(?:if|for|while)\b/) {
5299				#print "APW: ALLOWED: block<$block>\n";
5300				$allowed = 1;
5301			}
5302			if (statement_block_size($block) > 1) {
5303				#print "APW: ALLOWED: lines block<$block>\n";
5304				$allowed = 1;
5305			}
5306			# Check the post-context.
5307			if (defined $chunks[1]) {
5308				my ($cond, $block) = @{$chunks[1]};
5309				if (defined $cond) {
5310					substr($block, 0, length($cond), '');
5311				}
5312				if ($block =~ /^\s*\{/) {
5313					#print "APW: ALLOWED: chunk-1 block<$block>\n";
5314					$allowed = 1;
5315				}
5316			}
5317			if ($level == 0 && $block =~ /^\s*\{/ && !$allowed) {
5318				my $cnt = statement_rawlines($block);
5319				my $herectx = get_stat_here($linenr, $cnt, $here);
5320
5321				WARN("BRACES",
5322				     "braces {} are not necessary for single statement blocks\n" . $herectx);
5323			}
5324		}
5325
5326# check for single line unbalanced braces
5327		if ($sline =~ /^.\s*\}\s*else\s*$/ ||
5328		    $sline =~ /^.\s*else\s*\{\s*$/) {
5329			CHK("BRACES", "Unbalanced braces around else statement\n" . $herecurr);
5330		}
5331
5332# check for unnecessary blank lines around braces
5333		if (($line =~ /^.\s*}\s*$/ && $prevrawline =~ /^.\s*$/)) {
5334			if (CHK("BRACES",
5335				"Blank lines aren't necessary before a close brace '}'\n" . $hereprev) &&
5336			    $fix && $prevrawline =~ /^\+/) {
5337				fix_delete_line($fixlinenr - 1, $prevrawline);
5338			}
5339		}
5340		if (($rawline =~ /^.\s*$/ && $prevline =~ /^..*{\s*$/)) {
5341			if (CHK("BRACES",
5342				"Blank lines aren't necessary after an open brace '{'\n" . $hereprev) &&
5343			    $fix) {
5344				fix_delete_line($fixlinenr, $rawline);
5345			}
5346		}
5347
5348# no volatiles please
5349		my $asm_volatile = qr{\b(__asm__|asm)\s+(__volatile__|volatile)\b};
5350		if ($line =~ /\bvolatile\b/ && $line !~ /$asm_volatile/) {
5351			WARN("VOLATILE",
5352			     "Use of volatile is usually wrong: see Documentation/process/volatile-considered-harmful.rst\n" . $herecurr);
5353		}
5354
5355# Check for user-visible strings broken across lines, which breaks the ability
5356# to grep for the string.  Make exceptions when the previous string ends in a
5357# newline (multiple lines in one string constant) or '\t', '\r', ';', or '{'
5358# (common in inline assembly) or is a octal \123 or hexadecimal \xaf value
5359		if ($line =~ /^\+\s*$String/ &&
5360		    $prevline =~ /"\s*$/ &&
5361		    $prevrawline !~ /(?:\\(?:[ntr]|[0-7]{1,3}|x[0-9a-fA-F]{1,2})|;\s*|\{\s*)"\s*$/) {
5362			if (WARN("SPLIT_STRING",
5363				 "quoted string split across lines\n" . $hereprev) &&
5364				     $fix &&
5365				     $prevrawline =~ /^\+.*"\s*$/ &&
5366				     $last_coalesced_string_linenr != $linenr - 1) {
5367				my $extracted_string = get_quoted_string($line, $rawline);
5368				my $comma_close = "";
5369				if ($rawline =~ /\Q$extracted_string\E(\s*\)\s*;\s*$|\s*,\s*)/) {
5370					$comma_close = $1;
5371				}
5372
5373				fix_delete_line($fixlinenr - 1, $prevrawline);
5374				fix_delete_line($fixlinenr, $rawline);
5375				my $fixedline = $prevrawline;
5376				$fixedline =~ s/"\s*$//;
5377				$fixedline .= substr($extracted_string, 1) . trim($comma_close);
5378				fix_insert_line($fixlinenr - 1, $fixedline);
5379				$fixedline = $rawline;
5380				$fixedline =~ s/\Q$extracted_string\E\Q$comma_close\E//;
5381				if ($fixedline !~ /\+\s*$/) {
5382					fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, $fixedline);
5383				}
5384				$last_coalesced_string_linenr = $linenr;
5385			}
5386		}
5387
5388# check for missing a space in a string concatenation
5389		if ($prevrawline =~ /[^\\]\w"$/ && $rawline =~ /^\+[\t ]+"\w/) {
5390			WARN('MISSING_SPACE',
5391			     "break quoted strings at a space character\n" . $hereprev);
5392		}
5393
5394# check for an embedded function name in a string when the function is known
5395# This does not work very well for -f --file checking as it depends on patch
5396# context providing the function name or a single line form for in-file
5397# function declarations
5398		if ($line =~ /^\+.*$String/ &&
5399		    defined($context_function) &&
5400		    get_quoted_string($line, $rawline) =~ /\b$context_function\b/ &&
5401		    length(get_quoted_string($line, $rawline)) != (length($context_function) + 2)) {
5402			WARN("EMBEDDED_FUNCTION_NAME",
5403			     "Prefer using '\"%s...\", __func__' to using '$context_function', this function's name, in a string\n" . $herecurr);
5404		}
5405
5406# check for spaces before a quoted newline
5407		if ($rawline =~ /^.*\".*\s\\n/) {
5408			if (WARN("QUOTED_WHITESPACE_BEFORE_NEWLINE",
5409				 "unnecessary whitespace before a quoted newline\n" . $herecurr) &&
5410			    $fix) {
5411				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/^(\+.*\".*)\s+\\n/$1\\n/;
5412			}
5413
5414		}
5415
5416# concatenated string without spaces between elements
5417		if ($line =~ /$String[A-Za-z0-9_]/ || $line =~ /[A-Za-z0-9_]$String/) {
5418			if (CHK("CONCATENATED_STRING",
5419				"Concatenated strings should use spaces between elements\n" . $herecurr) &&
5420			    $fix) {
5421				while ($line =~ /($String)/g) {
5422					my $extracted_string = substr($rawline, $-[0], $+[0] - $-[0]);
5423					$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\Q$extracted_string\E([A-Za-z0-9_])/$extracted_string $1/;
5424					$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/([A-Za-z0-9_])\Q$extracted_string\E/$1 $extracted_string/;
5425				}
5426			}
5427		}
5428
5429# uncoalesced string fragments
5430		if ($line =~ /$String\s*"/) {
5431			if (WARN("STRING_FRAGMENTS",
5432				 "Consecutive strings are generally better as a single string\n" . $herecurr) &&
5433			    $fix) {
5434				while ($line =~ /($String)(?=\s*")/g) {
5435					my $extracted_string = substr($rawline, $-[0], $+[0] - $-[0]);
5436					$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\Q$extracted_string\E\s*"/substr($extracted_string, 0, -1)/e;
5437				}
5438			}
5439		}
5440
5441# check for non-standard and hex prefixed decimal printf formats
5442		my $show_L = 1;	#don't show the same defect twice
5443		my $show_Z = 1;
5444		while ($line =~ /(?:^|")([X\t]*)(?:"|$)/g) {
5445			my $string = substr($rawline, $-[1], $+[1] - $-[1]);
5446			$string =~ s/%%/__/g;
5447			# check for %L
5448			if ($show_L && $string =~ /%[\*\d\.\$]*L([diouxX])/) {
5449				WARN("PRINTF_L",
5450				     "\%L$1 is non-standard C, use %ll$1\n" . $herecurr);
5451				$show_L = 0;
5452			}
5453			# check for %Z
5454			if ($show_Z && $string =~ /%[\*\d\.\$]*Z([diouxX])/) {
5455				WARN("PRINTF_Z",
5456				     "%Z$1 is non-standard C, use %z$1\n" . $herecurr);
5457				$show_Z = 0;
5458			}
5459			# check for 0x<decimal>
5460			if ($string =~ /0x%[\*\d\.\$\Llzth]*[diou]/) {
5461				ERROR("PRINTF_0XDECIMAL",
5462				      "Prefixing 0x with decimal output is defective\n" . $herecurr);
5463			}
5464		}
5465
5466# check for line continuations in quoted strings with odd counts of "
5467		if ($rawline =~ /\\$/ && $sline =~ tr/"/"/ % 2) {
5468			WARN("LINE_CONTINUATIONS",
5469			     "Avoid line continuations in quoted strings\n" . $herecurr);
5470		}
5471
5472# warn about #if 0
5473		if ($line =~ /^.\s*\#\s*if\s+0\b/) {
5474			WARN("IF_0",
5475			     "Consider removing the code enclosed by this #if 0 and its #endif\n" . $herecurr);
5476		}
5477
5478# warn about #if 1
5479		if ($line =~ /^.\s*\#\s*if\s+1\b/) {
5480			WARN("IF_1",
5481			     "Consider removing the #if 1 and its #endif\n" . $herecurr);
5482		}
5483
5484# check for needless "if (<foo>) fn(<foo>)" uses
5485		if ($prevline =~ /\bif\s*\(\s*($Lval)\s*\)/) {
5486			my $tested = quotemeta($1);
5487			my $expr = '\s*\(\s*' . $tested . '\s*\)\s*;';
5488			if ($line =~ /\b(kfree|usb_free_urb|debugfs_remove(?:_recursive)?|(?:kmem_cache|mempool|dma_pool)_destroy)$expr/) {
5489				my $func = $1;
5490				if (WARN('NEEDLESS_IF',
5491					 "$func(NULL) is safe and this check is probably not required\n" . $hereprev) &&
5492				    $fix) {
5493					my $do_fix = 1;
5494					my $leading_tabs = "";
5495					my $new_leading_tabs = "";
5496					if ($lines[$linenr - 2] =~ /^\+(\t*)if\s*\(\s*$tested\s*\)\s*$/) {
5497						$leading_tabs = $1;
5498					} else {
5499						$do_fix = 0;
5500					}
5501					if ($lines[$linenr - 1] =~ /^\+(\t+)$func\s*\(\s*$tested\s*\)\s*;\s*$/) {
5502						$new_leading_tabs = $1;
5503						if (length($leading_tabs) + 1 ne length($new_leading_tabs)) {
5504							$do_fix = 0;
5505						}
5506					} else {
5507						$do_fix = 0;
5508					}
5509					if ($do_fix) {
5510						fix_delete_line($fixlinenr - 1, $prevrawline);
5511						$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/^\+$new_leading_tabs/\+$leading_tabs/;
5512					}
5513				}
5514			}
5515		}
5516
5517# check for unnecessary "Out of Memory" messages
5518		if ($line =~ /^\+.*\b$logFunctions\s*\(/ &&
5519		    $prevline =~ /^[ \+]\s*if\s*\(\s*(\!\s*|NULL\s*==\s*)?($Lval)(\s*==\s*NULL\s*)?\s*\)/ &&
5520		    (defined $1 || defined $3) &&
5521		    $linenr > 3) {
5522			my $testval = $2;
5523			my $testline = $lines[$linenr - 3];
5524
5525			my ($s, $c) = ctx_statement_block($linenr - 3, $realcnt, 0);
5526#			print("line: <$line>\nprevline: <$prevline>\ns: <$s>\nc: <$c>\n\n\n");
5527
5528			if ($s =~ /(?:^|\n)[ \+]\s*(?:$Type\s*)?\Q$testval\E\s*=\s*(?:\([^\)]*\)\s*)?\s*(?:devm_)?(?:[kv][czm]alloc(?:_node|_array)?\b|kstrdup|kmemdup|(?:dev_)?alloc_skb)/) {
5529				WARN("OOM_MESSAGE",
5530				     "Possible unnecessary 'out of memory' message\n" . $hereprev);
5531			}
5532		}
5533
5534# check for logging functions with KERN_<LEVEL>
5535		if ($line !~ /printk(?:_ratelimited|_once)?\s*\(/ &&
5536		    $line =~ /\b$logFunctions\s*\(.*\b(KERN_[A-Z]+)\b/) {
5537			my $level = $1;
5538			if (WARN("UNNECESSARY_KERN_LEVEL",
5539				 "Possible unnecessary $level\n" . $herecurr) &&
5540			    $fix) {
5541				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\s*$level\s*//;
5542			}
5543		}
5544
5545# check for logging continuations
5546		if ($line =~ /\bprintk\s*\(\s*KERN_CONT\b|\bpr_cont\s*\(/) {
5547			WARN("LOGGING_CONTINUATION",
5548			     "Avoid logging continuation uses where feasible\n" . $herecurr);
5549		}
5550
5551# check for mask then right shift without a parentheses
5552		if ($perl_version_ok &&
5553		    $line =~ /$LvalOrFunc\s*\&\s*($LvalOrFunc)\s*>>/ &&
5554		    $4 !~ /^\&/) { # $LvalOrFunc may be &foo, ignore if so
5555			WARN("MASK_THEN_SHIFT",
5556			     "Possible precedence defect with mask then right shift - may need parentheses\n" . $herecurr);
5557		}
5558
5559# check for pointer comparisons to NULL
5560		if ($perl_version_ok) {
5561			while ($line =~ /\b$LvalOrFunc\s*(==|\!=)\s*NULL\b/g) {
5562				my $val = $1;
5563				my $equal = "!";
5564				$equal = "" if ($4 eq "!=");
5565				if (CHK("COMPARISON_TO_NULL",
5566					"Comparison to NULL could be written \"${equal}${val}\"\n" . $herecurr) &&
5567					    $fix) {
5568					$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\b\Q$val\E\s*(?:==|\!=)\s*NULL\b/$equal$val/;
5569				}
5570			}
5571		}
5572
5573# check for bad placement of section $InitAttribute (e.g.: __initdata)
5574		if ($line =~ /(\b$InitAttribute\b)/) {
5575			my $attr = $1;
5576			if ($line =~ /^\+\s*static\s+(?:const\s+)?(?:$attr\s+)?($NonptrTypeWithAttr)\s+(?:$attr\s+)?($Ident(?:\[[^]]*\])?)\s*[=;]/) {
5577				my $ptr = $1;
5578				my $var = $2;
5579				if ((($ptr =~ /\b(union|struct)\s+$attr\b/ &&
5580				      ERROR("MISPLACED_INIT",
5581					    "$attr should be placed after $var\n" . $herecurr)) ||
5582				     ($ptr !~ /\b(union|struct)\s+$attr\b/ &&
5583				      WARN("MISPLACED_INIT",
5584					   "$attr should be placed after $var\n" . $herecurr))) &&
5585				    $fix) {
5586					$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/(\bstatic\s+(?:const\s+)?)(?:$attr\s+)?($NonptrTypeWithAttr)\s+(?:$attr\s+)?($Ident(?:\[[^]]*\])?)\s*([=;])\s*/"$1" . trim(string_find_replace($2, "\\s*$attr\\s*", " ")) . " " . trim(string_find_replace($3, "\\s*$attr\\s*", "")) . " $attr" . ("$4" eq ";" ? ";" : " = ")/e;
5587				}
5588			}
5589		}
5590
5591# check for $InitAttributeData (ie: __initdata) with const
5592		if ($line =~ /\bconst\b/ && $line =~ /($InitAttributeData)/) {
5593			my $attr = $1;
5594			$attr =~ /($InitAttributePrefix)(.*)/;
5595			my $attr_prefix = $1;
5596			my $attr_type = $2;
5597			if (ERROR("INIT_ATTRIBUTE",
5598				  "Use of const init definition must use ${attr_prefix}initconst\n" . $herecurr) &&
5599			    $fix) {
5600				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
5601				    s/$InitAttributeData/${attr_prefix}initconst/;
5602			}
5603		}
5604
5605# check for $InitAttributeConst (ie: __initconst) without const
5606		if ($line !~ /\bconst\b/ && $line =~ /($InitAttributeConst)/) {
5607			my $attr = $1;
5608			if (ERROR("INIT_ATTRIBUTE",
5609				  "Use of $attr requires a separate use of const\n" . $herecurr) &&
5610			    $fix) {
5611				my $lead = $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
5612				    /(^\+\s*(?:static\s+))/;
5613				$lead = rtrim($1);
5614				$lead = "$lead " if ($lead !~ /^\+$/);
5615				$lead = "${lead}const ";
5616				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/(^\+\s*(?:static\s+))/$lead/;
5617			}
5618		}
5619
5620# check for __read_mostly with const non-pointer (should just be const)
5621		if ($line =~ /\b__read_mostly\b/ &&
5622		    $line =~ /($Type)\s*$Ident/ && $1 !~ /\*\s*$/ && $1 =~ /\bconst\b/) {
5623			if (ERROR("CONST_READ_MOSTLY",
5624				  "Invalid use of __read_mostly with const type\n" . $herecurr) &&
5625			    $fix) {
5626				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\s+__read_mostly\b//;
5627			}
5628		}
5629
5630# don't use __constant_<foo> functions outside of include/uapi/
5631		if ($realfile !~ m@^include/uapi/@ &&
5632		    $line =~ /(__constant_(?:htons|ntohs|[bl]e(?:16|32|64)_to_cpu|cpu_to_[bl]e(?:16|32|64)))\s*\(/) {
5633			my $constant_func = $1;
5634			my $func = $constant_func;
5635			$func =~ s/^__constant_//;
5636			if (WARN("CONSTANT_CONVERSION",
5637				 "$constant_func should be $func\n" . $herecurr) &&
5638			    $fix) {
5639				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\b$constant_func\b/$func/g;
5640			}
5641		}
5642
5643# prefer usleep_range over udelay
5644		if ($line =~ /\budelay\s*\(\s*(\d+)\s*\)/) {
5645			my $delay = $1;
5646			# ignore udelay's < 10, however
5647			if (! ($delay < 10) ) {
5648				CHK("USLEEP_RANGE",
5649				    "usleep_range is preferred over udelay; see Documentation/timers/timers-howto.txt\n" . $herecurr);
5650			}
5651			if ($delay > 2000) {
5652				WARN("LONG_UDELAY",
5653				     "long udelay - prefer mdelay; see arch/arm/include/asm/delay.h\n" . $herecurr);
5654			}
5655		}
5656
5657# warn about unexpectedly long msleep's
5658		if ($line =~ /\bmsleep\s*\((\d+)\);/) {
5659			if ($1 < 20) {
5660				WARN("MSLEEP",
5661				     "msleep < 20ms can sleep for up to 20ms; see Documentation/timers/timers-howto.txt\n" . $herecurr);
5662			}
5663		}
5664
5665# check for comparisons of jiffies
5666		if ($line =~ /\bjiffies\s*$Compare|$Compare\s*jiffies\b/) {
5667			WARN("JIFFIES_COMPARISON",
5668			     "Comparing jiffies is almost always wrong; prefer time_after, time_before and friends\n" . $herecurr);
5669		}
5670
5671# check for comparisons of get_jiffies_64()
5672		if ($line =~ /\bget_jiffies_64\s*\(\s*\)\s*$Compare|$Compare\s*get_jiffies_64\s*\(\s*\)/) {
5673			WARN("JIFFIES_COMPARISON",
5674			     "Comparing get_jiffies_64() is almost always wrong; prefer time_after64, time_before64 and friends\n" . $herecurr);
5675		}
5676
5677# warn about #ifdefs in C files
5678#		if ($line =~ /^.\s*\#\s*if(|n)def/ && ($realfile =~ /\.c$/)) {
5679#			print "#ifdef in C files should be avoided\n";
5680#			print "$herecurr";
5681#			$clean = 0;
5682#		}
5683
5684# warn about spacing in #ifdefs
5685		if ($line =~ /^.\s*\#\s*(ifdef|ifndef|elif)\s\s+/) {
5686			if (ERROR("SPACING",
5687				  "exactly one space required after that #$1\n" . $herecurr) &&
5688			    $fix) {
5689				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
5690				    s/^(.\s*\#\s*(ifdef|ifndef|elif))\s{2,}/$1 /;
5691			}
5692
5693		}
5694
5695# check for spinlock_t definitions without a comment.
5696		if ($line =~ /^.\s*(struct\s+mutex|spinlock_t)\s+\S+;/ ||
5697		    $line =~ /^.\s*(DEFINE_MUTEX)\s*\(/) {
5698			my $which = $1;
5699			if (!ctx_has_comment($first_line, $linenr)) {
5700				CHK("UNCOMMENTED_DEFINITION",
5701				    "$1 definition without comment\n" . $herecurr);
5702			}
5703		}
5704# check for memory barriers without a comment.
5705
5706		my $barriers = qr{
5707			mb|
5708			rmb|
5709			wmb|
5710			read_barrier_depends
5711		}x;
5712		my $barrier_stems = qr{
5713			mb__before_atomic|
5714			mb__after_atomic|
5715			store_release|
5716			load_acquire|
5717			store_mb|
5718			(?:$barriers)
5719		}x;
5720		my $all_barriers = qr{
5721			(?:$barriers)|
5722			smp_(?:$barrier_stems)|
5723			virt_(?:$barrier_stems)
5724		}x;
5725
5726		if ($line =~ /\b(?:$all_barriers)\s*\(/) {
5727			if (!ctx_has_comment($first_line, $linenr)) {
5728				WARN("MEMORY_BARRIER",
5729				     "memory barrier without comment\n" . $herecurr);
5730			}
5731		}
5732
5733		my $underscore_smp_barriers = qr{__smp_(?:$barrier_stems)}x;
5734
5735		if ($realfile !~ m@^include/asm-generic/@ &&
5736		    $realfile !~ m@/barrier\.h$@ &&
5737		    $line =~ m/\b(?:$underscore_smp_barriers)\s*\(/ &&
5738		    $line !~ m/^.\s*\#\s*define\s+(?:$underscore_smp_barriers)\s*\(/) {
5739			WARN("MEMORY_BARRIER",
5740			     "__smp memory barriers shouldn't be used outside barrier.h and asm-generic\n" . $herecurr);
5741		}
5742
5743# check for waitqueue_active without a comment.
5744		if ($line =~ /\bwaitqueue_active\s*\(/) {
5745			if (!ctx_has_comment($first_line, $linenr)) {
5746				WARN("WAITQUEUE_ACTIVE",
5747				     "waitqueue_active without comment\n" . $herecurr);
5748			}
5749		}
5750
5751# check for smp_read_barrier_depends and read_barrier_depends
5752		if (!$file && $line =~ /\b(smp_|)read_barrier_depends\s*\(/) {
5753			WARN("READ_BARRIER_DEPENDS",
5754			     "$1read_barrier_depends should only be used in READ_ONCE or DEC Alpha code\n" . $herecurr);
5755		}
5756
5757# check of hardware specific defines
5758		if ($line =~ m@^.\s*\#\s*if.*\b(__i386__|__powerpc64__|__sun__|__s390x__)\b@ && $realfile !~ m@include/asm-@) {
5759			CHK("ARCH_DEFINES",
5760			    "architecture specific defines should be avoided\n" .  $herecurr);
5761		}
5762
5763# check that the storage class is not after a type
5764		if ($line =~ /\b($Type)\s+($Storage)\b/) {
5765			WARN("STORAGE_CLASS",
5766			     "storage class '$2' should be located before type '$1'\n" . $herecurr);
5767		}
5768# Check that the storage class is at the beginning of a declaration
5769		if ($line =~ /\b$Storage\b/ &&
5770		    $line !~ /^.\s*$Storage/ &&
5771		    $line =~ /^.\s*(.+?)\$Storage\s/ &&
5772		    $1 !~ /[\,\)]\s*$/) {
5773			WARN("STORAGE_CLASS",
5774			     "storage class should be at the beginning of the declaration\n" . $herecurr);
5775		}
5776
5777# check the location of the inline attribute, that it is between
5778# storage class and type.
5779		if ($line =~ /\b$Type\s+$Inline\b/ ||
5780		    $line =~ /\b$Inline\s+$Storage\b/) {
5781			ERROR("INLINE_LOCATION",
5782			      "inline keyword should sit between storage class and type\n" . $herecurr);
5783		}
5784
5785# Check for __inline__ and __inline, prefer inline
5786		if ($realfile !~ m@\binclude/uapi/@ &&
5787		    $line =~ /\b(__inline__|__inline)\b/) {
5788			if (WARN("INLINE",
5789				 "plain inline is preferred over $1\n" . $herecurr) &&
5790			    $fix) {
5791				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\b(__inline__|__inline)\b/inline/;
5792
5793			}
5794		}
5795
5796# Check for __attribute__ packed, prefer __packed
5797		if ($realfile !~ m@\binclude/uapi/@ &&
5798		    $line =~ /\b__attribute__\s*\(\s*\(.*\bpacked\b/) {
5799			WARN("PREFER_PACKED",
5800			     "__packed is preferred over __attribute__((packed))\n" . $herecurr);
5801		}
5802
5803# Check for __attribute__ aligned, prefer __aligned
5804		if ($realfile !~ m@\binclude/uapi/@ &&
5805		    $line =~ /\b__attribute__\s*\(\s*\(.*aligned/) {
5806			WARN("PREFER_ALIGNED",
5807			     "__aligned(size) is preferred over __attribute__((aligned(size)))\n" . $herecurr);
5808		}
5809
5810# Check for __attribute__ format(printf, prefer __printf
5811		if ($realfile !~ m@\binclude/uapi/@ &&
5812		    $line =~ /\b__attribute__\s*\(\s*\(\s*format\s*\(\s*printf/) {
5813			if (WARN("PREFER_PRINTF",
5814				 "__printf(string-index, first-to-check) is preferred over __attribute__((format(printf, string-index, first-to-check)))\n" . $herecurr) &&
5815			    $fix) {
5816				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\b__attribute__\s*\(\s*\(\s*format\s*\(\s*printf\s*,\s*(.*)\)\s*\)\s*\)/"__printf(" . trim($1) . ")"/ex;
5817
5818			}
5819		}
5820
5821# Check for __attribute__ format(scanf, prefer __scanf
5822		if ($realfile !~ m@\binclude/uapi/@ &&
5823		    $line =~ /\b__attribute__\s*\(\s*\(\s*format\s*\(\s*scanf\b/) {
5824			if (WARN("PREFER_SCANF",
5825				 "__scanf(string-index, first-to-check) is preferred over __attribute__((format(scanf, string-index, first-to-check)))\n" . $herecurr) &&
5826			    $fix) {
5827				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\b__attribute__\s*\(\s*\(\s*format\s*\(\s*scanf\s*,\s*(.*)\)\s*\)\s*\)/"__scanf(" . trim($1) . ")"/ex;
5828			}
5829		}
5830
5831# Check for __attribute__ weak, or __weak declarations (may have link issues)
5832		if ($perl_version_ok &&
5833		    $line =~ /(?:$Declare|$DeclareMisordered)\s*$Ident\s*$balanced_parens\s*(?:$Attribute)?\s*;/ &&
5834		    ($line =~ /\b__attribute__\s*\(\s*\(.*\bweak\b/ ||
5835		     $line =~ /\b__weak\b/)) {
5836			ERROR("WEAK_DECLARATION",
5837			      "Using weak declarations can have unintended link defects\n" . $herecurr);
5838		}
5839
5840# check for c99 types like uint8_t used outside of uapi/ and tools/
5841		if ($realfile !~ m@\binclude/uapi/@ &&
5842		    $realfile !~ m@\btools/@ &&
5843		    $line =~ /\b($Declare)\s*$Ident\s*[=;,\[]/) {
5844			my $type = $1;
5845			if ($type =~ /\b($typeC99Typedefs)\b/) {
5846				$type = $1;
5847				my $kernel_type = 'u';
5848				$kernel_type = 's' if ($type =~ /^_*[si]/);
5849				$type =~ /(\d+)/;
5850				$kernel_type .= $1;
5851				if (CHK("PREFER_KERNEL_TYPES",
5852					"Prefer kernel type '$kernel_type' over '$type'\n" . $herecurr) &&
5853				    $fix) {
5854					$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\b$type\b/$kernel_type/;
5855				}
5856			}
5857		}
5858
5859# check for cast of C90 native int or longer types constants
5860		if ($line =~ /(\(\s*$C90_int_types\s*\)\s*)($Constant)\b/) {
5861			my $cast = $1;
5862			my $const = $2;
5863			if (WARN("TYPECAST_INT_CONSTANT",
5864				 "Unnecessary typecast of c90 int constant\n" . $herecurr) &&
5865			    $fix) {
5866				my $suffix = "";
5867				my $newconst = $const;
5868				$newconst =~ s/${Int_type}$//;
5869				$suffix .= 'U' if ($cast =~ /\bunsigned\b/);
5870				if ($cast =~ /\blong\s+long\b/) {
5871					$suffix .= 'LL';
5872				} elsif ($cast =~ /\blong\b/) {
5873					$suffix .= 'L';
5874				}
5875				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\Q$cast\E$const\b/$newconst$suffix/;
5876			}
5877		}
5878
5879# check for sizeof(&)
5880		if ($line =~ /\bsizeof\s*\(\s*\&/) {
5881			WARN("SIZEOF_ADDRESS",
5882			     "sizeof(& should be avoided\n" . $herecurr);
5883		}
5884
5885# check for sizeof without parenthesis
5886		if ($line =~ /\bsizeof\s+((?:\*\s*|)$Lval|$Type(?:\s+$Lval|))/) {
5887			if (WARN("SIZEOF_PARENTHESIS",
5888				 "sizeof $1 should be sizeof($1)\n" . $herecurr) &&
5889			    $fix) {
5890				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\bsizeof\s+((?:\*\s*|)$Lval|$Type(?:\s+$Lval|))/"sizeof(" . trim($1) . ")"/ex;
5891			}
5892		}
5893
5894# check for struct spinlock declarations
5895		if ($line =~ /^.\s*\bstruct\s+spinlock\s+\w+\s*;/) {
5896			WARN("USE_SPINLOCK_T",
5897			     "struct spinlock should be spinlock_t\n" . $herecurr);
5898		}
5899
5900# check for seq_printf uses that could be seq_puts
5901		if ($sline =~ /\bseq_printf\s*\(.*"\s*\)\s*;\s*$/) {
5902			my $fmt = get_quoted_string($line, $rawline);
5903			$fmt =~ s/%%//g;
5904			if ($fmt !~ /%/) {
5905				if (WARN("PREFER_SEQ_PUTS",
5906					 "Prefer seq_puts to seq_printf\n" . $herecurr) &&
5907				    $fix) {
5908					$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\bseq_printf\b/seq_puts/;
5909				}
5910			}
5911		}
5912
5913# check for vsprintf extension %p<foo> misuses
5914		if ($perl_version_ok &&
5915		    defined $stat &&
5916		    $stat =~ /^\+(?![^\{]*\{\s*).*\b(\w+)\s*\(.*$String\s*,/s &&
5917		    $1 !~ /^_*volatile_*$/) {
5918			my $stat_real;
5919
5920			my $lc = $stat =~ tr@\n@@;
5921			$lc = $lc + $linenr;
5922		        for (my $count = $linenr; $count <= $lc; $count++) {
5923				my $specifier;
5924				my $extension;
5925				my $bad_specifier = "";
5926				my $fmt = get_quoted_string($lines[$count - 1], raw_line($count, 0));
5927				$fmt =~ s/%%//g;
5928
5929				while ($fmt =~ /(\%[\*\d\.]*p(\w))/g) {
5930					$specifier = $1;
5931					$extension = $2;
5932					if ($extension !~ /[SsBKRraEhMmIiUDdgVCbGNOx]/) {
5933						$bad_specifier = $specifier;
5934						last;
5935					}
5936					if ($extension eq "x" && !defined($stat_real)) {
5937						if (!defined($stat_real)) {
5938							$stat_real = get_stat_real($linenr, $lc);
5939						}
5940						WARN("VSPRINTF_SPECIFIER_PX",
5941						     "Using vsprintf specifier '\%px' potentially exposes the kernel memory layout, if you don't really need the address please consider using '\%p'.\n" . "$here\n$stat_real\n");
5942					}
5943				}
5944				if ($bad_specifier ne "") {
5945					my $stat_real = get_stat_real($linenr, $lc);
5946					my $ext_type = "Invalid";
5947					my $use = "";
5948					if ($bad_specifier =~ /p[Ff]/) {
5949						$ext_type = "Deprecated";
5950						$use = " - use %pS instead";
5951						$use =~ s/pS/ps/ if ($bad_specifier =~ /pf/);
5952					}
5953
5954					WARN("VSPRINTF_POINTER_EXTENSION",
5955					     "$ext_type vsprintf pointer extension '$bad_specifier'$use\n" . "$here\n$stat_real\n");
5956				}
5957			}
5958		}
5959
5960# Check for misused memsets
5961		if ($perl_version_ok &&
5962		    defined $stat &&
5963		    $stat =~ /^\+(?:.*?)\bmemset\s*\(\s*$FuncArg\s*,\s*$FuncArg\s*\,\s*$FuncArg\s*\)/) {
5964
5965			my $ms_addr = $2;
5966			my $ms_val = $7;
5967			my $ms_size = $12;
5968
5969			if ($ms_size =~ /^(0x|)0$/i) {
5970				ERROR("MEMSET",
5971				      "memset to 0's uses 0 as the 2nd argument, not the 3rd\n" . "$here\n$stat\n");
5972			} elsif ($ms_size =~ /^(0x|)1$/i) {
5973				WARN("MEMSET",
5974				     "single byte memset is suspicious. Swapped 2nd/3rd argument?\n" . "$here\n$stat\n");
5975			}
5976		}
5977
5978# Check for memcpy(foo, bar, ETH_ALEN) that could be ether_addr_copy(foo, bar)
5979#		if ($perl_version_ok &&
5980#		    defined $stat &&
5981#		    $stat =~ /^\+(?:.*?)\bmemcpy\s*\(\s*$FuncArg\s*,\s*$FuncArg\s*\,\s*ETH_ALEN\s*\)/) {
5982#			if (WARN("PREFER_ETHER_ADDR_COPY",
5983#				 "Prefer ether_addr_copy() over memcpy() if the Ethernet addresses are __aligned(2)\n" . "$here\n$stat\n") &&
5984#			    $fix) {
5985#				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\bmemcpy\s*\(\s*$FuncArg\s*,\s*$FuncArg\s*\,\s*ETH_ALEN\s*\)/ether_addr_copy($2, $7)/;
5986#			}
5987#		}
5988
5989# Check for memcmp(foo, bar, ETH_ALEN) that could be ether_addr_equal*(foo, bar)
5990#		if ($perl_version_ok &&
5991#		    defined $stat &&
5992#		    $stat =~ /^\+(?:.*?)\bmemcmp\s*\(\s*$FuncArg\s*,\s*$FuncArg\s*\,\s*ETH_ALEN\s*\)/) {
5993#			WARN("PREFER_ETHER_ADDR_EQUAL",
5994#			     "Prefer ether_addr_equal() or ether_addr_equal_unaligned() over memcmp()\n" . "$here\n$stat\n")
5995#		}
5996
5997# check for memset(foo, 0x0, ETH_ALEN) that could be eth_zero_addr
5998# check for memset(foo, 0xFF, ETH_ALEN) that could be eth_broadcast_addr
5999#		if ($perl_version_ok &&
6000#		    defined $stat &&
6001#		    $stat =~ /^\+(?:.*?)\bmemset\s*\(\s*$FuncArg\s*,\s*$FuncArg\s*\,\s*ETH_ALEN\s*\)/) {
6002#
6003#			my $ms_val = $7;
6004#
6005#			if ($ms_val =~ /^(?:0x|)0+$/i) {
6006#				if (WARN("PREFER_ETH_ZERO_ADDR",
6007#					 "Prefer eth_zero_addr over memset()\n" . "$here\n$stat\n") &&
6008#				    $fix) {
6009#					$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\bmemset\s*\(\s*$FuncArg\s*,\s*$FuncArg\s*,\s*ETH_ALEN\s*\)/eth_zero_addr($2)/;
6010#				}
6011#			} elsif ($ms_val =~ /^(?:0xff|255)$/i) {
6012#				if (WARN("PREFER_ETH_BROADCAST_ADDR",
6013#					 "Prefer eth_broadcast_addr() over memset()\n" . "$here\n$stat\n") &&
6014#				    $fix) {
6015#					$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\bmemset\s*\(\s*$FuncArg\s*,\s*$FuncArg\s*,\s*ETH_ALEN\s*\)/eth_broadcast_addr($2)/;
6016#				}
6017#			}
6018#		}
6019
6020# typecasts on min/max could be min_t/max_t
6021		if ($perl_version_ok &&
6022		    defined $stat &&
6023		    $stat =~ /^\+(?:.*?)\b(min|max)\s*\(\s*$FuncArg\s*,\s*$FuncArg\s*\)/) {
6024			if (defined $2 || defined $7) {
6025				my $call = $1;
6026				my $cast1 = deparenthesize($2);
6027				my $arg1 = $3;
6028				my $cast2 = deparenthesize($7);
6029				my $arg2 = $8;
6030				my $cast;
6031
6032				if ($cast1 ne "" && $cast2 ne "" && $cast1 ne $cast2) {
6033					$cast = "$cast1 or $cast2";
6034				} elsif ($cast1 ne "") {
6035					$cast = $cast1;
6036				} else {
6037					$cast = $cast2;
6038				}
6039				WARN("MINMAX",
6040				     "$call() should probably be ${call}_t($cast, $arg1, $arg2)\n" . "$here\n$stat\n");
6041			}
6042		}
6043
6044# check usleep_range arguments
6045		if ($perl_version_ok &&
6046		    defined $stat &&
6047		    $stat =~ /^\+(?:.*?)\busleep_range\s*\(\s*($FuncArg)\s*,\s*($FuncArg)\s*\)/) {
6048			my $min = $1;
6049			my $max = $7;
6050			if ($min eq $max) {
6051				WARN("USLEEP_RANGE",
6052				     "usleep_range should not use min == max args; see Documentation/timers/timers-howto.txt\n" . "$here\n$stat\n");
6053			} elsif ($min =~ /^\d+$/ && $max =~ /^\d+$/ &&
6054				 $min > $max) {
6055				WARN("USLEEP_RANGE",
6056				     "usleep_range args reversed, use min then max; see Documentation/timers/timers-howto.txt\n" . "$here\n$stat\n");
6057			}
6058		}
6059
6060# check for naked sscanf
6061		if ($perl_version_ok &&
6062		    defined $stat &&
6063		    $line =~ /\bsscanf\b/ &&
6064		    ($stat !~ /$Ident\s*=\s*sscanf\s*$balanced_parens/ &&
6065		     $stat !~ /\bsscanf\s*$balanced_parens\s*(?:$Compare)/ &&
6066		     $stat !~ /(?:$Compare)\s*\bsscanf\s*$balanced_parens/)) {
6067			my $lc = $stat =~ tr@\n@@;
6068			$lc = $lc + $linenr;
6069			my $stat_real = get_stat_real($linenr, $lc);
6070			WARN("NAKED_SSCANF",
6071			     "unchecked sscanf return value\n" . "$here\n$stat_real\n");
6072		}
6073
6074# check for simple sscanf that should be kstrto<foo>
6075		if ($perl_version_ok &&
6076		    defined $stat &&
6077		    $line =~ /\bsscanf\b/) {
6078			my $lc = $stat =~ tr@\n@@;
6079			$lc = $lc + $linenr;
6080			my $stat_real = get_stat_real($linenr, $lc);
6081			if ($stat_real =~ /\bsscanf\b\s*\(\s*$FuncArg\s*,\s*("[^"]+")/) {
6082				my $format = $6;
6083				my $count = $format =~ tr@%@%@;
6084				if ($count == 1 &&
6085				    $format =~ /^"\%(?i:ll[udxi]|[udxi]ll|ll|[hl]h?[udxi]|[udxi][hl]h?|[hl]h?|[udxi])"$/) {
6086					WARN("SSCANF_TO_KSTRTO",
6087					     "Prefer kstrto<type> to single variable sscanf\n" . "$here\n$stat_real\n");
6088				}
6089			}
6090		}
6091
6092# check for new externs in .h files.
6093		if ($realfile =~ /\.h$/ &&
6094		    $line =~ /^\+\s*(extern\s+)$Type\s*$Ident\s*\(/s) {
6095			if (CHK("AVOID_EXTERNS",
6096				"extern prototypes should be avoided in .h files\n" . $herecurr) &&
6097			    $fix) {
6098				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/(.*)\bextern\b\s*(.*)/$1$2/;
6099			}
6100		}
6101
6102# check for new externs in .c files.
6103		if ($realfile =~ /\.c$/ && defined $stat &&
6104		    $stat =~ /^.\s*(?:extern\s+)?$Type\s+($Ident)(\s*)\(/s)
6105		{
6106			my $function_name = $1;
6107			my $paren_space = $2;
6108
6109			my $s = $stat;
6110			if (defined $cond) {
6111				substr($s, 0, length($cond), '');
6112			}
6113			if ($s =~ /^\s*;/ &&
6114			    $function_name ne 'uninitialized_var')
6115			{
6116				WARN("AVOID_EXTERNS",
6117				     "externs should be avoided in .c files\n" .  $herecurr);
6118			}
6119
6120			if ($paren_space =~ /\n/) {
6121				WARN("FUNCTION_ARGUMENTS",
6122				     "arguments for function declarations should follow identifier\n" . $herecurr);
6123			}
6124
6125		} elsif ($realfile =~ /\.c$/ && defined $stat &&
6126		    $stat =~ /^.\s*extern\s+/)
6127		{
6128			WARN("AVOID_EXTERNS",
6129			     "externs should be avoided in .c files\n" .  $herecurr);
6130		}
6131
6132# check for function declarations that have arguments without identifier names
6133		if (defined $stat &&
6134		    $stat =~ /^.\s*(?:extern\s+)?$Type\s*(?:$Ident|\(\s*\*\s*$Ident\s*\))\s*\(\s*([^{]+)\s*\)\s*;/s &&
6135		    $1 ne "void") {
6136			my $args = trim($1);
6137			while ($args =~ m/\s*($Type\s*(?:$Ident|\(\s*\*\s*$Ident?\s*\)\s*$balanced_parens)?)/g) {
6138				my $arg = trim($1);
6139				if ($arg =~ /^$Type$/ && $arg !~ /enum\s+$Ident$/) {
6140					WARN("FUNCTION_ARGUMENTS",
6141					     "function definition argument '$arg' should also have an identifier name\n" . $herecurr);
6142				}
6143			}
6144		}
6145
6146# check for function definitions
6147		if ($perl_version_ok &&
6148		    defined $stat &&
6149		    $stat =~ /^.\s*(?:$Storage\s+)?$Type\s*($Ident)\s*$balanced_parens\s*{/s) {
6150			$context_function = $1;
6151
6152# check for multiline function definition with misplaced open brace
6153			my $ok = 0;
6154			my $cnt = statement_rawlines($stat);
6155			my $herectx = $here . "\n";
6156			for (my $n = 0; $n < $cnt; $n++) {
6157				my $rl = raw_line($linenr, $n);
6158				$herectx .=  $rl . "\n";
6159				$ok = 1 if ($rl =~ /^[ \+]\{/);
6160				$ok = 1 if ($rl =~ /\{/ && $n == 0);
6161				last if $rl =~ /^[ \+].*\{/;
6162			}
6163			if (!$ok) {
6164				ERROR("OPEN_BRACE",
6165				      "open brace '{' following function definitions go on the next line\n" . $herectx);
6166			}
6167		}
6168
6169# checks for new __setup's
6170		if ($rawline =~ /\b__setup\("([^"]*)"/) {
6171			my $name = $1;
6172
6173			if (!grep(/$name/, @setup_docs)) {
6174				CHK("UNDOCUMENTED_SETUP",
6175				    "__setup appears un-documented -- check Documentation/admin-guide/kernel-parameters.rst\n" . $herecurr);
6176			}
6177		}
6178
6179# check for pointless casting of kmalloc return
6180		if ($line =~ /\*\s*\)\s*[kv][czm]alloc(_node){0,1}\b/) {
6181			WARN("UNNECESSARY_CASTS",
6182			     "unnecessary cast may hide bugs, see http://c-faq.com/malloc/mallocnocast.html\n" . $herecurr);
6183		}
6184
6185# alloc style
6186# p = alloc(sizeof(struct foo), ...) should be p = alloc(sizeof(*p), ...)
6187		if ($perl_version_ok &&
6188		    $line =~ /\b($Lval)\s*\=\s*(?:$balanced_parens)?\s*([kv][mz]alloc(?:_node)?)\s*\(\s*(sizeof\s*\(\s*struct\s+$Lval\s*\))/) {
6189			CHK("ALLOC_SIZEOF_STRUCT",
6190			    "Prefer $3(sizeof(*$1)...) over $3($4...)\n" . $herecurr);
6191		}
6192
6193# check for k[mz]alloc with multiplies that could be kmalloc_array/kcalloc
6194		if ($perl_version_ok &&
6195		    defined $stat &&
6196		    $stat =~ /^\+\s*($Lval)\s*\=\s*(?:$balanced_parens)?\s*(k[mz]alloc)\s*\(\s*($FuncArg)\s*\*\s*($FuncArg)\s*,/) {
6197			my $oldfunc = $3;
6198			my $a1 = $4;
6199			my $a2 = $10;
6200			my $newfunc = "kmalloc_array";
6201			$newfunc = "kcalloc" if ($oldfunc eq "kzalloc");
6202			my $r1 = $a1;
6203			my $r2 = $a2;
6204			if ($a1 =~ /^sizeof\s*\S/) {
6205				$r1 = $a2;
6206				$r2 = $a1;
6207			}
6208			if ($r1 !~ /^sizeof\b/ && $r2 =~ /^sizeof\s*\S/ &&
6209			    !($r1 =~ /^$Constant$/ || $r1 =~ /^[A-Z_][A-Z0-9_]*$/)) {
6210				my $cnt = statement_rawlines($stat);
6211				my $herectx = get_stat_here($linenr, $cnt, $here);
6212
6213				if (WARN("ALLOC_WITH_MULTIPLY",
6214					 "Prefer $newfunc over $oldfunc with multiply\n" . $herectx) &&
6215				    $cnt == 1 &&
6216				    $fix) {
6217					$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\b($Lval)\s*\=\s*(?:$balanced_parens)?\s*(k[mz]alloc)\s*\(\s*($FuncArg)\s*\*\s*($FuncArg)/$1 . ' = ' . "$newfunc(" . trim($r1) . ', ' . trim($r2)/e;
6218				}
6219			}
6220		}
6221
6222# check for krealloc arg reuse
6223		if ($perl_version_ok &&
6224		    $line =~ /\b($Lval)\s*\=\s*(?:$balanced_parens)?\s*krealloc\s*\(\s*($Lval)\s*,/ &&
6225		    $1 eq $3) {
6226			WARN("KREALLOC_ARG_REUSE",
6227			     "Reusing the krealloc arg is almost always a bug\n" . $herecurr);
6228		}
6229
6230# check for alloc argument mismatch
6231		if ($line =~ /\b(kcalloc|kmalloc_array)\s*\(\s*sizeof\b/) {
6232			WARN("ALLOC_ARRAY_ARGS",
6233			     "$1 uses number as first arg, sizeof is generally wrong\n" . $herecurr);
6234		}
6235
6236# check for multiple semicolons
6237		if ($line =~ /;\s*;\s*$/) {
6238			if (WARN("ONE_SEMICOLON",
6239				 "Statements terminations use 1 semicolon\n" . $herecurr) &&
6240			    $fix) {
6241				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/(\s*;\s*){2,}$/;/g;
6242			}
6243		}
6244
6245# check for #defines like: 1 << <digit> that could be BIT(digit), it is not exported to uapi
6246		if ($realfile !~ m@^include/uapi/@ &&
6247		    $line =~ /#\s*define\s+\w+\s+\(?\s*1\s*([ulUL]*)\s*\<\<\s*(?:\d+|$Ident)\s*\)?/) {
6248			my $ull = "";
6249			$ull = "_ULL" if (defined($1) && $1 =~ /ll/i);
6250			if (CHK("BIT_MACRO",
6251				"Prefer using the BIT$ull macro\n" . $herecurr) &&
6252			    $fix) {
6253				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\(?\s*1\s*[ulUL]*\s*<<\s*(\d+|$Ident)\s*\)?/BIT${ull}($1)/;
6254			}
6255		}
6256
6257# check for #if defined CONFIG_<FOO> || defined CONFIG_<FOO>_MODULE
6258		if ($line =~ /^\+\s*#\s*if\s+defined(?:\s*\(?\s*|\s+)(CONFIG_[A-Z_]+)\s*\)?\s*\|\|\s*defined(?:\s*\(?\s*|\s+)\1_MODULE\s*\)?\s*$/) {
6259			my $config = $1;
6260			if (WARN("PREFER_IS_ENABLED",
6261				 "Prefer IS_ENABLED(<FOO>) to CONFIG_<FOO> || CONFIG_<FOO>_MODULE\n" . $herecurr) &&
6262			    $fix) {
6263				$fixed[$fixlinenr] = "\+#if IS_ENABLED($config)";
6264			}
6265		}
6266
6267# check for case / default statements not preceded by break/fallthrough/switch
6268		if ($line =~ /^.\s*(?:case\s+(?:$Ident|$Constant)\s*|default):/) {
6269			my $has_break = 0;
6270			my $has_statement = 0;
6271			my $count = 0;
6272			my $prevline = $linenr;
6273			while ($prevline > 1 && ($file || $count < 3) && !$has_break) {
6274				$prevline--;
6275				my $rline = $rawlines[$prevline - 1];
6276				my $fline = $lines[$prevline - 1];
6277				last if ($fline =~ /^\@\@/);
6278				next if ($fline =~ /^\-/);
6279				next if ($fline =~ /^.(?:\s*(?:case\s+(?:$Ident|$Constant)[\s$;]*|default):[\s$;]*)*$/);
6280				$has_break = 1 if ($rline =~ /fall[\s_-]*(through|thru)/i);
6281				next if ($fline =~ /^.[\s$;]*$/);
6282				$has_statement = 1;
6283				$count++;
6284				$has_break = 1 if ($fline =~ /\bswitch\b|\b(?:break\s*;[\s$;]*$|exit\s*\(\b|return\b|goto\b|continue\b)/);
6285			}
6286			if (!$has_break && $has_statement) {
6287				WARN("MISSING_BREAK",
6288				     "Possible switch case/default not preceded by break or fallthrough comment\n" . $herecurr);
6289			}
6290		}
6291
6292# check for switch/default statements without a break;
6293		if ($perl_version_ok &&
6294		    defined $stat &&
6295		    $stat =~ /^\+[$;\s]*(?:case[$;\s]+\w+[$;\s]*:[$;\s]*|)*[$;\s]*\bdefault[$;\s]*:[$;\s]*;/g) {
6296			my $cnt = statement_rawlines($stat);
6297			my $herectx = get_stat_here($linenr, $cnt, $here);
6298
6299			WARN("DEFAULT_NO_BREAK",
6300			     "switch default: should use break\n" . $herectx);
6301		}
6302
6303# check for gcc specific __FUNCTION__
6304		if ($line =~ /\b__FUNCTION__\b/) {
6305			if (WARN("USE_FUNC",
6306				 "__func__ should be used instead of gcc specific __FUNCTION__\n"  . $herecurr) &&
6307			    $fix) {
6308				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\b__FUNCTION__\b/__func__/g;
6309			}
6310		}
6311
6312# check for uses of __DATE__, __TIME__, __TIMESTAMP__
6313		while ($line =~ /\b(__(?:DATE|TIME|TIMESTAMP)__)\b/g) {
6314			ERROR("DATE_TIME",
6315			      "Use of the '$1' macro makes the build non-deterministic\n" . $herecurr);
6316		}
6317
6318# check for use of yield()
6319		if ($line =~ /\byield\s*\(\s*\)/) {
6320			WARN("YIELD",
6321			     "Using yield() is generally wrong. See yield() kernel-doc (sched/core.c)\n"  . $herecurr);
6322		}
6323
6324# check for comparisons against true and false
6325		if ($line =~ /\+\s*(.*?)\b(true|false|$Lval)\s*(==|\!=)\s*(true|false|$Lval)\b(.*)$/i) {
6326			my $lead = $1;
6327			my $arg = $2;
6328			my $test = $3;
6329			my $otype = $4;
6330			my $trail = $5;
6331			my $op = "!";
6332
6333			($arg, $otype) = ($otype, $arg) if ($arg =~ /^(?:true|false)$/i);
6334
6335			my $type = lc($otype);
6336			if ($type =~ /^(?:true|false)$/) {
6337				if (("$test" eq "==" && "$type" eq "true") ||
6338				    ("$test" eq "!=" && "$type" eq "false")) {
6339					$op = "";
6340				}
6341
6342				CHK("BOOL_COMPARISON",
6343				    "Using comparison to $otype is error prone\n" . $herecurr);
6344
6345## maybe suggesting a correct construct would better
6346##				    "Using comparison to $otype is error prone.  Perhaps use '${lead}${op}${arg}${trail}'\n" . $herecurr);
6347
6348			}
6349		}
6350
6351# check for bool bitfields
6352		if ($sline =~ /^.\s+bool\s*$Ident\s*:\s*\d+\s*;/) {
6353			WARN("BOOL_BITFIELD",
6354			     "Avoid using bool as bitfield.  Prefer bool bitfields as unsigned int or u<8|16|32>\n" . $herecurr);
6355		}
6356
6357# check for bool use in .h files
6358		if ($realfile =~ /\.h$/ &&
6359		    $sline =~ /^.\s+bool\s*$Ident\s*(?::\s*d+\s*)?;/) {
6360			CHK("BOOL_MEMBER",
6361			    "Avoid using bool structure members because of possible alignment issues - see: https://lkml.org/lkml/2017/11/21/384\n" . $herecurr);
6362		}
6363
6364# check for semaphores initialized locked
6365		if ($line =~ /^.\s*sema_init.+,\W?0\W?\)/) {
6366			WARN("CONSIDER_COMPLETION",
6367			     "consider using a completion\n" . $herecurr);
6368		}
6369
6370# recommend kstrto* over simple_strto* and strict_strto*
6371		if ($line =~ /\b((simple|strict)_(strto(l|ll|ul|ull)))\s*\(/) {
6372			WARN("CONSIDER_KSTRTO",
6373			     "$1 is obsolete, use k$3 instead\n" . $herecurr);
6374		}
6375
6376# check for __initcall(), use device_initcall() explicitly or more appropriate function please
6377		if ($line =~ /^.\s*__initcall\s*\(/) {
6378			WARN("USE_DEVICE_INITCALL",
6379			     "please use device_initcall() or more appropriate function instead of __initcall() (see include/linux/init.h)\n" . $herecurr);
6380		}
6381
6382# check for various structs that are normally const (ops, kgdb, device_tree)
6383# and avoid what seem like struct definitions 'struct foo {'
6384		if ($line !~ /\bconst\b/ &&
6385		    $line =~ /\bstruct\s+($const_structs)\b(?!\s*\{)/) {
6386			WARN("CONST_STRUCT",
6387			     "struct $1 should normally be const\n" . $herecurr);
6388		}
6389
6390# use of NR_CPUS is usually wrong
6391# ignore definitions of NR_CPUS and usage to define arrays as likely right
6392		if ($line =~ /\bNR_CPUS\b/ &&
6393		    $line !~ /^.\s*\s*#\s*if\b.*\bNR_CPUS\b/ &&
6394		    $line !~ /^.\s*\s*#\s*define\b.*\bNR_CPUS\b/ &&
6395		    $line !~ /^.\s*$Declare\s.*\[[^\]]*NR_CPUS[^\]]*\]/ &&
6396		    $line !~ /\[[^\]]*\.\.\.[^\]]*NR_CPUS[^\]]*\]/ &&
6397		    $line !~ /\[[^\]]*NR_CPUS[^\]]*\.\.\.[^\]]*\]/)
6398		{
6399			WARN("NR_CPUS",
6400			     "usage of NR_CPUS is often wrong - consider using cpu_possible(), num_possible_cpus(), for_each_possible_cpu(), etc\n" . $herecurr);
6401		}
6402
6403# Use of __ARCH_HAS_<FOO> or ARCH_HAVE_<BAR> is wrong.
6404		if ($line =~ /\+\s*#\s*define\s+((?:__)?ARCH_(?:HAS|HAVE)\w*)\b/) {
6405			ERROR("DEFINE_ARCH_HAS",
6406			      "#define of '$1' is wrong - use Kconfig variables or standard guards instead\n" . $herecurr);
6407		}
6408
6409# likely/unlikely comparisons similar to "(likely(foo) > 0)"
6410		if ($perl_version_ok &&
6411		    $line =~ /\b((?:un)?likely)\s*\(\s*$FuncArg\s*\)\s*$Compare/) {
6412			WARN("LIKELY_MISUSE",
6413			     "Using $1 should generally have parentheses around the comparison\n" . $herecurr);
6414		}
6415
6416# whine mightly about in_atomic
6417		if ($line =~ /\bin_atomic\s*\(/) {
6418			if ($realfile =~ m@^drivers/@) {
6419				ERROR("IN_ATOMIC",
6420				      "do not use in_atomic in drivers\n" . $herecurr);
6421			} elsif ($realfile !~ m@^kernel/@) {
6422				WARN("IN_ATOMIC",
6423				     "use of in_atomic() is incorrect outside core kernel code\n" . $herecurr);
6424			}
6425		}
6426
6427# check for mutex_trylock_recursive usage
6428		if ($line =~ /mutex_trylock_recursive/) {
6429			ERROR("LOCKING",
6430			      "recursive locking is bad, do not use this ever.\n" . $herecurr);
6431		}
6432
6433# check for lockdep_set_novalidate_class
6434		if ($line =~ /^.\s*lockdep_set_novalidate_class\s*\(/ ||
6435		    $line =~ /__lockdep_no_validate__\s*\)/ ) {
6436			if ($realfile !~ m@^kernel/lockdep@ &&
6437			    $realfile !~ m@^include/linux/lockdep@ &&
6438			    $realfile !~ m@^drivers/base/core@) {
6439				ERROR("LOCKDEP",
6440				      "lockdep_no_validate class is reserved for device->mutex.\n" . $herecurr);
6441			}
6442		}
6443
6444		if ($line =~ /debugfs_create_\w+.*\b$mode_perms_world_writable\b/ ||
6445		    $line =~ /DEVICE_ATTR.*\b$mode_perms_world_writable\b/) {
6446			WARN("EXPORTED_WORLD_WRITABLE",
6447			     "Exporting world writable files is usually an error. Consider more restrictive permissions.\n" . $herecurr);
6448		}
6449
6450# check for DEVICE_ATTR uses that could be DEVICE_ATTR_<FOO>
6451# and whether or not function naming is typical and if
6452# DEVICE_ATTR permissions uses are unusual too
6453		if ($perl_version_ok &&
6454		    defined $stat &&
6455		    $stat =~ /\bDEVICE_ATTR\s*\(\s*(\w+)\s*,\s*\(?\s*(\s*(?:${multi_mode_perms_string_search}|0[0-7]{3,3})\s*)\s*\)?\s*,\s*(\w+)\s*,\s*(\w+)\s*\)/) {
6456			my $var = $1;
6457			my $perms = $2;
6458			my $show = $3;
6459			my $store = $4;
6460			my $octal_perms = perms_to_octal($perms);
6461			if ($show =~ /^${var}_show$/ &&
6462			    $store =~ /^${var}_store$/ &&
6463			    $octal_perms eq "0644") {
6464				if (WARN("DEVICE_ATTR_RW",
6465					 "Use DEVICE_ATTR_RW\n" . $herecurr) &&
6466				    $fix) {
6467					$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\bDEVICE_ATTR\s*\(\s*$var\s*,\s*\Q$perms\E\s*,\s*$show\s*,\s*$store\s*\)/DEVICE_ATTR_RW(${var})/;
6468				}
6469			} elsif ($show =~ /^${var}_show$/ &&
6470				 $store =~ /^NULL$/ &&
6471				 $octal_perms eq "0444") {
6472				if (WARN("DEVICE_ATTR_RO",
6473					 "Use DEVICE_ATTR_RO\n" . $herecurr) &&
6474				    $fix) {
6475					$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\bDEVICE_ATTR\s*\(\s*$var\s*,\s*\Q$perms\E\s*,\s*$show\s*,\s*NULL\s*\)/DEVICE_ATTR_RO(${var})/;
6476				}
6477			} elsif ($show =~ /^NULL$/ &&
6478				 $store =~ /^${var}_store$/ &&
6479				 $octal_perms eq "0200") {
6480				if (WARN("DEVICE_ATTR_WO",
6481					 "Use DEVICE_ATTR_WO\n" . $herecurr) &&
6482				    $fix) {
6483					$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\bDEVICE_ATTR\s*\(\s*$var\s*,\s*\Q$perms\E\s*,\s*NULL\s*,\s*$store\s*\)/DEVICE_ATTR_WO(${var})/;
6484				}
6485			} elsif ($octal_perms eq "0644" ||
6486				 $octal_perms eq "0444" ||
6487				 $octal_perms eq "0200") {
6488				my $newshow = "$show";
6489				$newshow = "${var}_show" if ($show ne "NULL" && $show ne "${var}_show");
6490				my $newstore = $store;
6491				$newstore = "${var}_store" if ($store ne "NULL" && $store ne "${var}_store");
6492				my $rename = "";
6493				if ($show ne $newshow) {
6494					$rename .= " '$show' to '$newshow'";
6495				}
6496				if ($store ne $newstore) {
6497					$rename .= " '$store' to '$newstore'";
6498				}
6499				WARN("DEVICE_ATTR_FUNCTIONS",
6500				     "Consider renaming function(s)$rename\n" . $herecurr);
6501			} else {
6502				WARN("DEVICE_ATTR_PERMS",
6503				     "DEVICE_ATTR unusual permissions '$perms' used\n" . $herecurr);
6504			}
6505		}
6506
6507# Mode permission misuses where it seems decimal should be octal
6508# This uses a shortcut match to avoid unnecessary uses of a slow foreach loop
6509# o Ignore module_param*(...) uses with a decimal 0 permission as that has a
6510#   specific definition of not visible in sysfs.
6511# o Ignore proc_create*(...) uses with a decimal 0 permission as that means
6512#   use the default permissions
6513		if ($perl_version_ok &&
6514		    defined $stat &&
6515		    $line =~ /$mode_perms_search/) {
6516			foreach my $entry (@mode_permission_funcs) {
6517				my $func = $entry->[0];
6518				my $arg_pos = $entry->[1];
6519
6520				my $lc = $stat =~ tr@\n@@;
6521				$lc = $lc + $linenr;
6522				my $stat_real = get_stat_real($linenr, $lc);
6523
6524				my $skip_args = "";
6525				if ($arg_pos > 1) {
6526					$arg_pos--;
6527					$skip_args = "(?:\\s*$FuncArg\\s*,\\s*){$arg_pos,$arg_pos}";
6528				}
6529				my $test = "\\b$func\\s*\\(${skip_args}($FuncArg(?:\\|\\s*$FuncArg)*)\\s*[,\\)]";
6530				if ($stat =~ /$test/) {
6531					my $val = $1;
6532					$val = $6 if ($skip_args ne "");
6533					if (!($func =~ /^(?:module_param|proc_create)/ && $val eq "0") &&
6534					    (($val =~ /^$Int$/ && $val !~ /^$Octal$/) ||
6535					     ($val =~ /^$Octal$/ && length($val) ne 4))) {
6536						ERROR("NON_OCTAL_PERMISSIONS",
6537						      "Use 4 digit octal (0777) not decimal permissions\n" . "$here\n" . $stat_real);
6538					}
6539					if ($val =~ /^$Octal$/ && (oct($val) & 02)) {
6540						ERROR("EXPORTED_WORLD_WRITABLE",
6541						      "Exporting writable files is usually an error. Consider more restrictive permissions.\n" . "$here\n" . $stat_real);
6542					}
6543				}
6544			}
6545		}
6546
6547# check for uses of S_<PERMS> that could be octal for readability
6548		while ($line =~ m{\b($multi_mode_perms_string_search)\b}g) {
6549			my $oval = $1;
6550			my $octal = perms_to_octal($oval);
6551			if (WARN("SYMBOLIC_PERMS",
6552				 "Symbolic permissions '$oval' are not preferred. Consider using octal permissions '$octal'.\n" . $herecurr) &&
6553			    $fix) {
6554				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\Q$oval\E/$octal/;
6555			}
6556		}
6557
6558# validate content of MODULE_LICENSE against list from include/linux/module.h
6559		if ($line =~ /\bMODULE_LICENSE\s*\(\s*($String)\s*\)/) {
6560			my $extracted_string = get_quoted_string($line, $rawline);
6561			my $valid_licenses = qr{
6562						GPL|
6563						GPL\ v2|
6564						GPL\ and\ additional\ rights|
6565						Dual\ BSD/GPL|
6566						Dual\ MIT/GPL|
6567						Dual\ MPL/GPL|
6568						Proprietary
6569					}x;
6570			if ($extracted_string !~ /^"(?:$valid_licenses)"$/x) {
6571				WARN("MODULE_LICENSE",
6572				     "unknown module license " . $extracted_string . "\n" . $herecurr);
6573			}
6574		}
6575	}
6576
6577	# If we have no input at all, then there is nothing to report on
6578	# so just keep quiet.
6579	if ($#rawlines == -1) {
6580		exit(0);
6581	}
6582
6583	# In mailback mode only produce a report in the negative, for
6584	# things that appear to be patches.
6585	if ($mailback && ($clean == 1 || !$is_patch)) {
6586		exit(0);
6587	}
6588
6589	# This is not a patch, and we are are in 'no-patch' mode so
6590	# just keep quiet.
6591	if (!$chk_patch && !$is_patch) {
6592		exit(0);
6593	}
6594
6595	if (!$is_patch && $filename !~ /cover-letter\.patch$/) {
6596		ERROR("NOT_UNIFIED_DIFF",
6597		      "Does not appear to be a unified-diff format patch\n");
6598	}
6599	if ($is_patch && $has_commit_log && $chk_signoff) {
6600		if ($signoff == 0) {
6601			ERROR("MISSING_SIGN_OFF",
6602			      "Missing Signed-off-by: line(s)\n");
6603		} elsif (!$authorsignoff) {
6604			WARN("NO_AUTHOR_SIGN_OFF",
6605			     "Missing Signed-off-by: line by nominal patch author '$author'\n");
6606		}
6607	}
6608
6609	print report_dump();
6610	if ($summary && !($clean == 1 && $quiet == 1)) {
6611		print "$filename " if ($summary_file);
6612		print "total: $cnt_error errors, $cnt_warn warnings, " .
6613			(($check)? "$cnt_chk checks, " : "") .
6614			"$cnt_lines lines checked\n";
6615	}
6616
6617	if ($quiet == 0) {
6618		# If there were any defects found and not already fixing them
6619		if (!$clean and !$fix) {
6620			print << "EOM"
6621
6622NOTE: For some of the reported defects, checkpatch may be able to
6623      mechanically convert to the typical style using --fix or --fix-inplace.
6624EOM
6625		}
6626		# If there were whitespace errors which cleanpatch can fix
6627		# then suggest that.
6628		if ($rpt_cleaners) {
6629			$rpt_cleaners = 0;
6630			print << "EOM"
6631
6632NOTE: Whitespace errors detected.
6633      You may wish to use scripts/cleanpatch or scripts/cleanfile
6634EOM
6635		}
6636	}
6637
6638	if ($clean == 0 && $fix &&
6639	    ("@rawlines" ne "@fixed" ||
6640	     $#fixed_inserted >= 0 || $#fixed_deleted >= 0)) {
6641		my $newfile = $filename;
6642		$newfile .= ".EXPERIMENTAL-checkpatch-fixes" if (!$fix_inplace);
6643		my $linecount = 0;
6644		my $f;
6645
6646		@fixed = fix_inserted_deleted_lines(\@fixed, \@fixed_inserted, \@fixed_deleted);
6647
6648		open($f, '>', $newfile)
6649		    or die "$P: Can't open $newfile for write\n";
6650		foreach my $fixed_line (@fixed) {
6651			$linecount++;
6652			if ($file) {
6653				if ($linecount > 3) {
6654					$fixed_line =~ s/^\+//;
6655					print $f $fixed_line . "\n";
6656				}
6657			} else {
6658				print $f $fixed_line . "\n";
6659			}
6660		}
6661		close($f);
6662
6663		if (!$quiet) {
6664			print << "EOM";
6665
6666Wrote EXPERIMENTAL --fix correction(s) to '$newfile'
6667
6668Do _NOT_ trust the results written to this file.
6669Do _NOT_ submit these changes without inspecting them for correctness.
6670
6671This EXPERIMENTAL file is simply a convenience to help rewrite patches.
6672No warranties, expressed or implied...
6673EOM
6674		}
6675	}
6676
6677	if ($quiet == 0) {
6678		print "\n";
6679		if ($clean == 1) {
6680			print "$vname has no obvious style problems and is ready for submission.\n";
6681		} else {
6682			print "$vname has style problems, please review.\n";
6683		}
6684	}
6685	return $clean;
6686}
6687