xref: /linux/samples/vfio-mdev/mdpy.c (revision c70a4be130de333ea079c59da41cc959712bb01c)
1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
2 /*
3  * Mediated virtual PCI display host device driver
4  *
5  * See mdpy-defs.h for device specs
6  *
7  *   (c) Gerd Hoffmann <kraxel@redhat.com>
8  *
9  * based on mtty driver which is:
10  *   Copyright (c) 2016, NVIDIA CORPORATION. All rights reserved.
11  *	 Author: Neo Jia <cjia@nvidia.com>
12  *		 Kirti Wankhede <kwankhede@nvidia.com>
13  *
14  * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
15  * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 as
16  * published by the Free Software Foundation.
17  */
18 #include <linux/init.h>
19 #include <linux/module.h>
20 #include <linux/device.h>
21 #include <linux/kernel.h>
22 #include <linux/slab.h>
23 #include <linux/vmalloc.h>
24 #include <linux/cdev.h>
25 #include <linux/vfio.h>
26 #include <linux/iommu.h>
27 #include <linux/sysfs.h>
28 #include <linux/mdev.h>
29 #include <linux/pci.h>
30 #include <drm/drm_fourcc.h>
31 #include "mdpy-defs.h"
32 
33 #define MDPY_NAME		"mdpy"
34 #define MDPY_CLASS_NAME		"mdpy"
35 
36 #define MDPY_CONFIG_SPACE_SIZE	0xff
37 #define MDPY_MEMORY_BAR_OFFSET	PAGE_SIZE
38 #define MDPY_DISPLAY_REGION	16
39 
40 #define STORE_LE16(addr, val)	(*(u16 *)addr = val)
41 #define STORE_LE32(addr, val)	(*(u32 *)addr = val)
42 
43 
44 MODULE_LICENSE("GPL v2");
45 
46 static int max_devices = 4;
47 module_param_named(count, max_devices, int, 0444);
48 MODULE_PARM_DESC(count, "number of " MDPY_NAME " devices");
49 
50 
51 #define MDPY_TYPE_1 "vga"
52 #define MDPY_TYPE_2 "xga"
53 #define MDPY_TYPE_3 "hd"
54 
55 static const struct mdpy_type {
56 	const char *name;
57 	u32 format;
58 	u32 bytepp;
59 	u32 width;
60 	u32 height;
61 } mdpy_types[] = {
62 	{
63 		.name	= MDPY_CLASS_NAME "-" MDPY_TYPE_1,
64 		.format = DRM_FORMAT_XRGB8888,
65 		.bytepp = 4,
66 		.width	= 640,
67 		.height = 480,
68 	}, {
69 		.name	= MDPY_CLASS_NAME "-" MDPY_TYPE_2,
70 		.format = DRM_FORMAT_XRGB8888,
71 		.bytepp = 4,
72 		.width	= 1024,
73 		.height = 768,
74 	}, {
75 		.name	= MDPY_CLASS_NAME "-" MDPY_TYPE_3,
76 		.format = DRM_FORMAT_XRGB8888,
77 		.bytepp = 4,
78 		.width	= 1920,
79 		.height = 1080,
80 	},
81 };
82 
83 static dev_t		mdpy_devt;
84 static struct class	*mdpy_class;
85 static struct cdev	mdpy_cdev;
86 static struct device	mdpy_dev;
87 static u32		mdpy_count;
88 
89 /* State of each mdev device */
90 struct mdev_state {
91 	u8 *vconfig;
92 	u32 bar_mask;
93 	struct mutex ops_lock;
94 	struct mdev_device *mdev;
95 	struct vfio_device_info dev_info;
96 
97 	const struct mdpy_type *type;
98 	u32 memsize;
99 	void *memblk;
100 };
101 
102 static void mdpy_create_config_space(struct mdev_state *mdev_state)
103 {
104 	STORE_LE16((u16 *) &mdev_state->vconfig[PCI_VENDOR_ID],
105 		   MDPY_PCI_VENDOR_ID);
106 	STORE_LE16((u16 *) &mdev_state->vconfig[PCI_DEVICE_ID],
107 		   MDPY_PCI_DEVICE_ID);
108 	STORE_LE16((u16 *) &mdev_state->vconfig[PCI_SUBSYSTEM_VENDOR_ID],
109 		   MDPY_PCI_SUBVENDOR_ID);
110 	STORE_LE16((u16 *) &mdev_state->vconfig[PCI_SUBSYSTEM_ID],
111 		   MDPY_PCI_SUBDEVICE_ID);
112 
113 	STORE_LE16((u16 *) &mdev_state->vconfig[PCI_COMMAND],
114 		   PCI_COMMAND_IO | PCI_COMMAND_MEMORY);
115 	STORE_LE16((u16 *) &mdev_state->vconfig[PCI_STATUS],
116 		   PCI_STATUS_CAP_LIST);
117 	STORE_LE16((u16 *) &mdev_state->vconfig[PCI_CLASS_DEVICE],
118 		   PCI_CLASS_DISPLAY_OTHER);
119 	mdev_state->vconfig[PCI_CLASS_REVISION] =  0x01;
120 
121 	STORE_LE32((u32 *) &mdev_state->vconfig[PCI_BASE_ADDRESS_0],
122 		   PCI_BASE_ADDRESS_SPACE_MEMORY |
123 		   PCI_BASE_ADDRESS_MEM_TYPE_32	 |
124 		   PCI_BASE_ADDRESS_MEM_PREFETCH);
125 	mdev_state->bar_mask = ~(mdev_state->memsize) + 1;
126 
127 	/* vendor specific capability for the config registers */
128 	mdev_state->vconfig[PCI_CAPABILITY_LIST]       = MDPY_VENDORCAP_OFFSET;
129 	mdev_state->vconfig[MDPY_VENDORCAP_OFFSET + 0] = 0x09; /* vendor cap */
130 	mdev_state->vconfig[MDPY_VENDORCAP_OFFSET + 1] = 0x00; /* next ptr */
131 	mdev_state->vconfig[MDPY_VENDORCAP_OFFSET + 2] = MDPY_VENDORCAP_SIZE;
132 	STORE_LE32((u32 *) &mdev_state->vconfig[MDPY_FORMAT_OFFSET],
133 		   mdev_state->type->format);
134 	STORE_LE32((u32 *) &mdev_state->vconfig[MDPY_WIDTH_OFFSET],
135 		   mdev_state->type->width);
136 	STORE_LE32((u32 *) &mdev_state->vconfig[MDPY_HEIGHT_OFFSET],
137 		   mdev_state->type->height);
138 }
139 
140 static void handle_pci_cfg_write(struct mdev_state *mdev_state, u16 offset,
141 				 char *buf, u32 count)
142 {
143 	struct device *dev = mdev_dev(mdev_state->mdev);
144 	u32 cfg_addr;
145 
146 	switch (offset) {
147 	case PCI_BASE_ADDRESS_0:
148 		cfg_addr = *(u32 *)buf;
149 
150 		if (cfg_addr == 0xffffffff) {
151 			cfg_addr = (cfg_addr & mdev_state->bar_mask);
152 		} else {
153 			cfg_addr &= PCI_BASE_ADDRESS_MEM_MASK;
154 			if (cfg_addr)
155 				dev_info(dev, "BAR0 @ 0x%x\n", cfg_addr);
156 		}
157 
158 		cfg_addr |= (mdev_state->vconfig[offset] &
159 			     ~PCI_BASE_ADDRESS_MEM_MASK);
160 		STORE_LE32(&mdev_state->vconfig[offset], cfg_addr);
161 		break;
162 	}
163 }
164 
165 static ssize_t mdev_access(struct mdev_device *mdev, char *buf, size_t count,
166 			   loff_t pos, bool is_write)
167 {
168 	struct mdev_state *mdev_state = mdev_get_drvdata(mdev);
169 	struct device *dev = mdev_dev(mdev);
170 	int ret = 0;
171 
172 	mutex_lock(&mdev_state->ops_lock);
173 
174 	if (pos < MDPY_CONFIG_SPACE_SIZE) {
175 		if (is_write)
176 			handle_pci_cfg_write(mdev_state, pos, buf, count);
177 		else
178 			memcpy(buf, (mdev_state->vconfig + pos), count);
179 
180 	} else if ((pos >= MDPY_MEMORY_BAR_OFFSET) &&
181 		   (pos + count <=
182 		    MDPY_MEMORY_BAR_OFFSET + mdev_state->memsize)) {
183 		pos -= MDPY_MEMORY_BAR_OFFSET;
184 		if (is_write)
185 			memcpy(mdev_state->memblk, buf, count);
186 		else
187 			memcpy(buf, mdev_state->memblk, count);
188 
189 	} else {
190 		dev_info(dev, "%s: %s @0x%llx (unhandled)\n",
191 			 __func__, is_write ? "WR" : "RD", pos);
192 		ret = -1;
193 		goto accessfailed;
194 	}
195 
196 	ret = count;
197 
198 
199 accessfailed:
200 	mutex_unlock(&mdev_state->ops_lock);
201 
202 	return ret;
203 }
204 
205 static int mdpy_reset(struct mdev_device *mdev)
206 {
207 	struct mdev_state *mdev_state = mdev_get_drvdata(mdev);
208 	u32 stride, i;
209 
210 	/* initialize with gray gradient */
211 	stride = mdev_state->type->width * mdev_state->type->bytepp;
212 	for (i = 0; i < mdev_state->type->height; i++)
213 		memset(mdev_state->memblk + i * stride,
214 		       i * 255 / mdev_state->type->height,
215 		       stride);
216 	return 0;
217 }
218 
219 static int mdpy_create(struct mdev_device *mdev)
220 {
221 	const struct mdpy_type *type =
222 		&mdpy_types[mdev_get_type_group_id(mdev)];
223 	struct device *dev = mdev_dev(mdev);
224 	struct mdev_state *mdev_state;
225 	u32 fbsize;
226 
227 	if (mdpy_count >= max_devices)
228 		return -ENOMEM;
229 
230 	mdev_state = kzalloc(sizeof(struct mdev_state), GFP_KERNEL);
231 	if (mdev_state == NULL)
232 		return -ENOMEM;
233 
234 	mdev_state->vconfig = kzalloc(MDPY_CONFIG_SPACE_SIZE, GFP_KERNEL);
235 	if (mdev_state->vconfig == NULL) {
236 		kfree(mdev_state);
237 		return -ENOMEM;
238 	}
239 
240 	fbsize = roundup_pow_of_two(type->width * type->height * type->bytepp);
241 
242 	mdev_state->memblk = vmalloc_user(fbsize);
243 	if (!mdev_state->memblk) {
244 		kfree(mdev_state->vconfig);
245 		kfree(mdev_state);
246 		return -ENOMEM;
247 	}
248 	dev_info(dev, "%s: %s (%dx%d)\n", __func__, type->name, type->width,
249 		 type->height);
250 
251 	mutex_init(&mdev_state->ops_lock);
252 	mdev_state->mdev = mdev;
253 	mdev_set_drvdata(mdev, mdev_state);
254 
255 	mdev_state->type    = type;
256 	mdev_state->memsize = fbsize;
257 	mdpy_create_config_space(mdev_state);
258 	mdpy_reset(mdev);
259 
260 	mdpy_count++;
261 	return 0;
262 }
263 
264 static int mdpy_remove(struct mdev_device *mdev)
265 {
266 	struct mdev_state *mdev_state = mdev_get_drvdata(mdev);
267 	struct device *dev = mdev_dev(mdev);
268 
269 	dev_info(dev, "%s\n", __func__);
270 
271 	mdev_set_drvdata(mdev, NULL);
272 	vfree(mdev_state->memblk);
273 	kfree(mdev_state->vconfig);
274 	kfree(mdev_state);
275 
276 	mdpy_count--;
277 	return 0;
278 }
279 
280 static ssize_t mdpy_read(struct mdev_device *mdev, char __user *buf,
281 			 size_t count, loff_t *ppos)
282 {
283 	unsigned int done = 0;
284 	int ret;
285 
286 	while (count) {
287 		size_t filled;
288 
289 		if (count >= 4 && !(*ppos % 4)) {
290 			u32 val;
291 
292 			ret =  mdev_access(mdev, (char *)&val, sizeof(val),
293 					   *ppos, false);
294 			if (ret <= 0)
295 				goto read_err;
296 
297 			if (copy_to_user(buf, &val, sizeof(val)))
298 				goto read_err;
299 
300 			filled = 4;
301 		} else if (count >= 2 && !(*ppos % 2)) {
302 			u16 val;
303 
304 			ret = mdev_access(mdev, (char *)&val, sizeof(val),
305 					  *ppos, false);
306 			if (ret <= 0)
307 				goto read_err;
308 
309 			if (copy_to_user(buf, &val, sizeof(val)))
310 				goto read_err;
311 
312 			filled = 2;
313 		} else {
314 			u8 val;
315 
316 			ret = mdev_access(mdev, (char *)&val, sizeof(val),
317 					  *ppos, false);
318 			if (ret <= 0)
319 				goto read_err;
320 
321 			if (copy_to_user(buf, &val, sizeof(val)))
322 				goto read_err;
323 
324 			filled = 1;
325 		}
326 
327 		count -= filled;
328 		done += filled;
329 		*ppos += filled;
330 		buf += filled;
331 	}
332 
333 	return done;
334 
335 read_err:
336 	return -EFAULT;
337 }
338 
339 static ssize_t mdpy_write(struct mdev_device *mdev, const char __user *buf,
340 			  size_t count, loff_t *ppos)
341 {
342 	unsigned int done = 0;
343 	int ret;
344 
345 	while (count) {
346 		size_t filled;
347 
348 		if (count >= 4 && !(*ppos % 4)) {
349 			u32 val;
350 
351 			if (copy_from_user(&val, buf, sizeof(val)))
352 				goto write_err;
353 
354 			ret = mdev_access(mdev, (char *)&val, sizeof(val),
355 					  *ppos, true);
356 			if (ret <= 0)
357 				goto write_err;
358 
359 			filled = 4;
360 		} else if (count >= 2 && !(*ppos % 2)) {
361 			u16 val;
362 
363 			if (copy_from_user(&val, buf, sizeof(val)))
364 				goto write_err;
365 
366 			ret = mdev_access(mdev, (char *)&val, sizeof(val),
367 					  *ppos, true);
368 			if (ret <= 0)
369 				goto write_err;
370 
371 			filled = 2;
372 		} else {
373 			u8 val;
374 
375 			if (copy_from_user(&val, buf, sizeof(val)))
376 				goto write_err;
377 
378 			ret = mdev_access(mdev, (char *)&val, sizeof(val),
379 					  *ppos, true);
380 			if (ret <= 0)
381 				goto write_err;
382 
383 			filled = 1;
384 		}
385 		count -= filled;
386 		done += filled;
387 		*ppos += filled;
388 		buf += filled;
389 	}
390 
391 	return done;
392 write_err:
393 	return -EFAULT;
394 }
395 
396 static int mdpy_mmap(struct mdev_device *mdev, struct vm_area_struct *vma)
397 {
398 	struct mdev_state *mdev_state = mdev_get_drvdata(mdev);
399 
400 	if (vma->vm_pgoff != MDPY_MEMORY_BAR_OFFSET >> PAGE_SHIFT)
401 		return -EINVAL;
402 	if (vma->vm_end < vma->vm_start)
403 		return -EINVAL;
404 	if (vma->vm_end - vma->vm_start > mdev_state->memsize)
405 		return -EINVAL;
406 	if ((vma->vm_flags & VM_SHARED) == 0)
407 		return -EINVAL;
408 
409 	return remap_vmalloc_range_partial(vma, vma->vm_start,
410 					   mdev_state->memblk, 0,
411 					   vma->vm_end - vma->vm_start);
412 }
413 
414 static int mdpy_get_region_info(struct mdev_device *mdev,
415 				struct vfio_region_info *region_info,
416 				u16 *cap_type_id, void **cap_type)
417 {
418 	struct mdev_state *mdev_state;
419 
420 	mdev_state = mdev_get_drvdata(mdev);
421 	if (!mdev_state)
422 		return -EINVAL;
423 
424 	if (region_info->index >= VFIO_PCI_NUM_REGIONS &&
425 	    region_info->index != MDPY_DISPLAY_REGION)
426 		return -EINVAL;
427 
428 	switch (region_info->index) {
429 	case VFIO_PCI_CONFIG_REGION_INDEX:
430 		region_info->offset = 0;
431 		region_info->size   = MDPY_CONFIG_SPACE_SIZE;
432 		region_info->flags  = (VFIO_REGION_INFO_FLAG_READ |
433 				       VFIO_REGION_INFO_FLAG_WRITE);
434 		break;
435 	case VFIO_PCI_BAR0_REGION_INDEX:
436 	case MDPY_DISPLAY_REGION:
437 		region_info->offset = MDPY_MEMORY_BAR_OFFSET;
438 		region_info->size   = mdev_state->memsize;
439 		region_info->flags  = (VFIO_REGION_INFO_FLAG_READ  |
440 				       VFIO_REGION_INFO_FLAG_WRITE |
441 				       VFIO_REGION_INFO_FLAG_MMAP);
442 		break;
443 	default:
444 		region_info->size   = 0;
445 		region_info->offset = 0;
446 		region_info->flags  = 0;
447 	}
448 
449 	return 0;
450 }
451 
452 static int mdpy_get_irq_info(struct mdev_device *mdev,
453 			     struct vfio_irq_info *irq_info)
454 {
455 	irq_info->count = 0;
456 	return 0;
457 }
458 
459 static int mdpy_get_device_info(struct mdev_device *mdev,
460 				struct vfio_device_info *dev_info)
461 {
462 	dev_info->flags = VFIO_DEVICE_FLAGS_PCI;
463 	dev_info->num_regions = VFIO_PCI_NUM_REGIONS;
464 	dev_info->num_irqs = VFIO_PCI_NUM_IRQS;
465 	return 0;
466 }
467 
468 static int mdpy_query_gfx_plane(struct mdev_device *mdev,
469 				struct vfio_device_gfx_plane_info *plane)
470 {
471 	struct mdev_state *mdev_state = mdev_get_drvdata(mdev);
472 
473 	if (plane->flags & VFIO_GFX_PLANE_TYPE_PROBE) {
474 		if (plane->flags == (VFIO_GFX_PLANE_TYPE_PROBE |
475 				     VFIO_GFX_PLANE_TYPE_REGION))
476 			return 0;
477 		return -EINVAL;
478 	}
479 
480 	if (plane->flags != VFIO_GFX_PLANE_TYPE_REGION)
481 		return -EINVAL;
482 
483 	plane->drm_format     = mdev_state->type->format;
484 	plane->width	      = mdev_state->type->width;
485 	plane->height	      = mdev_state->type->height;
486 	plane->stride	      = (mdev_state->type->width *
487 				 mdev_state->type->bytepp);
488 	plane->size	      = mdev_state->memsize;
489 	plane->region_index   = MDPY_DISPLAY_REGION;
490 
491 	/* unused */
492 	plane->drm_format_mod = 0;
493 	plane->x_pos	      = 0;
494 	plane->y_pos	      = 0;
495 	plane->x_hot	      = 0;
496 	plane->y_hot	      = 0;
497 
498 	return 0;
499 }
500 
501 static long mdpy_ioctl(struct mdev_device *mdev, unsigned int cmd,
502 		       unsigned long arg)
503 {
504 	int ret = 0;
505 	unsigned long minsz;
506 	struct mdev_state *mdev_state;
507 
508 	mdev_state = mdev_get_drvdata(mdev);
509 
510 	switch (cmd) {
511 	case VFIO_DEVICE_GET_INFO:
512 	{
513 		struct vfio_device_info info;
514 
515 		minsz = offsetofend(struct vfio_device_info, num_irqs);
516 
517 		if (copy_from_user(&info, (void __user *)arg, minsz))
518 			return -EFAULT;
519 
520 		if (info.argsz < minsz)
521 			return -EINVAL;
522 
523 		ret = mdpy_get_device_info(mdev, &info);
524 		if (ret)
525 			return ret;
526 
527 		memcpy(&mdev_state->dev_info, &info, sizeof(info));
528 
529 		if (copy_to_user((void __user *)arg, &info, minsz))
530 			return -EFAULT;
531 
532 		return 0;
533 	}
534 	case VFIO_DEVICE_GET_REGION_INFO:
535 	{
536 		struct vfio_region_info info;
537 		u16 cap_type_id = 0;
538 		void *cap_type = NULL;
539 
540 		minsz = offsetofend(struct vfio_region_info, offset);
541 
542 		if (copy_from_user(&info, (void __user *)arg, minsz))
543 			return -EFAULT;
544 
545 		if (info.argsz < minsz)
546 			return -EINVAL;
547 
548 		ret = mdpy_get_region_info(mdev, &info, &cap_type_id,
549 					   &cap_type);
550 		if (ret)
551 			return ret;
552 
553 		if (copy_to_user((void __user *)arg, &info, minsz))
554 			return -EFAULT;
555 
556 		return 0;
557 	}
558 
559 	case VFIO_DEVICE_GET_IRQ_INFO:
560 	{
561 		struct vfio_irq_info info;
562 
563 		minsz = offsetofend(struct vfio_irq_info, count);
564 
565 		if (copy_from_user(&info, (void __user *)arg, minsz))
566 			return -EFAULT;
567 
568 		if ((info.argsz < minsz) ||
569 		    (info.index >= mdev_state->dev_info.num_irqs))
570 			return -EINVAL;
571 
572 		ret = mdpy_get_irq_info(mdev, &info);
573 		if (ret)
574 			return ret;
575 
576 		if (copy_to_user((void __user *)arg, &info, minsz))
577 			return -EFAULT;
578 
579 		return 0;
580 	}
581 
582 	case VFIO_DEVICE_QUERY_GFX_PLANE:
583 	{
584 		struct vfio_device_gfx_plane_info plane;
585 
586 		minsz = offsetofend(struct vfio_device_gfx_plane_info,
587 				    region_index);
588 
589 		if (copy_from_user(&plane, (void __user *)arg, minsz))
590 			return -EFAULT;
591 
592 		if (plane.argsz < minsz)
593 			return -EINVAL;
594 
595 		ret = mdpy_query_gfx_plane(mdev, &plane);
596 		if (ret)
597 			return ret;
598 
599 		if (copy_to_user((void __user *)arg, &plane, minsz))
600 			return -EFAULT;
601 
602 		return 0;
603 	}
604 
605 	case VFIO_DEVICE_SET_IRQS:
606 		return -EINVAL;
607 
608 	case VFIO_DEVICE_RESET:
609 		return mdpy_reset(mdev);
610 	}
611 	return -ENOTTY;
612 }
613 
614 static int mdpy_open(struct mdev_device *mdev)
615 {
616 	if (!try_module_get(THIS_MODULE))
617 		return -ENODEV;
618 
619 	return 0;
620 }
621 
622 static void mdpy_close(struct mdev_device *mdev)
623 {
624 	module_put(THIS_MODULE);
625 }
626 
627 static ssize_t
628 resolution_show(struct device *dev, struct device_attribute *attr,
629 		char *buf)
630 {
631 	struct mdev_device *mdev = mdev_from_dev(dev);
632 	struct mdev_state *mdev_state = mdev_get_drvdata(mdev);
633 
634 	return sprintf(buf, "%dx%d\n",
635 		       mdev_state->type->width,
636 		       mdev_state->type->height);
637 }
638 static DEVICE_ATTR_RO(resolution);
639 
640 static struct attribute *mdev_dev_attrs[] = {
641 	&dev_attr_resolution.attr,
642 	NULL,
643 };
644 
645 static const struct attribute_group mdev_dev_group = {
646 	.name  = "vendor",
647 	.attrs = mdev_dev_attrs,
648 };
649 
650 static const struct attribute_group *mdev_dev_groups[] = {
651 	&mdev_dev_group,
652 	NULL,
653 };
654 
655 static ssize_t name_show(struct mdev_type *mtype,
656 			 struct mdev_type_attribute *attr, char *buf)
657 {
658 	const struct mdpy_type *type =
659 		&mdpy_types[mtype_get_type_group_id(mtype)];
660 
661 	return sprintf(buf, "%s\n", type->name);
662 }
663 static MDEV_TYPE_ATTR_RO(name);
664 
665 static ssize_t description_show(struct mdev_type *mtype,
666 				struct mdev_type_attribute *attr, char *buf)
667 {
668 	const struct mdpy_type *type =
669 		&mdpy_types[mtype_get_type_group_id(mtype)];
670 
671 	return sprintf(buf, "virtual display, %dx%d framebuffer\n",
672 		       type ? type->width  : 0,
673 		       type ? type->height : 0);
674 }
675 static MDEV_TYPE_ATTR_RO(description);
676 
677 static ssize_t available_instances_show(struct mdev_type *mtype,
678 					struct mdev_type_attribute *attr,
679 					char *buf)
680 {
681 	return sprintf(buf, "%d\n", max_devices - mdpy_count);
682 }
683 static MDEV_TYPE_ATTR_RO(available_instances);
684 
685 static ssize_t device_api_show(struct mdev_type *mtype,
686 			       struct mdev_type_attribute *attr, char *buf)
687 {
688 	return sprintf(buf, "%s\n", VFIO_DEVICE_API_PCI_STRING);
689 }
690 static MDEV_TYPE_ATTR_RO(device_api);
691 
692 static struct attribute *mdev_types_attrs[] = {
693 	&mdev_type_attr_name.attr,
694 	&mdev_type_attr_description.attr,
695 	&mdev_type_attr_device_api.attr,
696 	&mdev_type_attr_available_instances.attr,
697 	NULL,
698 };
699 
700 static struct attribute_group mdev_type_group1 = {
701 	.name  = MDPY_TYPE_1,
702 	.attrs = mdev_types_attrs,
703 };
704 
705 static struct attribute_group mdev_type_group2 = {
706 	.name  = MDPY_TYPE_2,
707 	.attrs = mdev_types_attrs,
708 };
709 
710 static struct attribute_group mdev_type_group3 = {
711 	.name  = MDPY_TYPE_3,
712 	.attrs = mdev_types_attrs,
713 };
714 
715 static struct attribute_group *mdev_type_groups[] = {
716 	&mdev_type_group1,
717 	&mdev_type_group2,
718 	&mdev_type_group3,
719 	NULL,
720 };
721 
722 static const struct mdev_parent_ops mdev_fops = {
723 	.owner			= THIS_MODULE,
724 	.mdev_attr_groups	= mdev_dev_groups,
725 	.supported_type_groups	= mdev_type_groups,
726 	.create			= mdpy_create,
727 	.remove			= mdpy_remove,
728 	.open			= mdpy_open,
729 	.release		= mdpy_close,
730 	.read			= mdpy_read,
731 	.write			= mdpy_write,
732 	.ioctl			= mdpy_ioctl,
733 	.mmap			= mdpy_mmap,
734 };
735 
736 static const struct file_operations vd_fops = {
737 	.owner		= THIS_MODULE,
738 };
739 
740 static void mdpy_device_release(struct device *dev)
741 {
742 	/* nothing */
743 }
744 
745 static int __init mdpy_dev_init(void)
746 {
747 	int ret = 0;
748 
749 	ret = alloc_chrdev_region(&mdpy_devt, 0, MINORMASK + 1, MDPY_NAME);
750 	if (ret < 0) {
751 		pr_err("Error: failed to register mdpy_dev, err: %d\n", ret);
752 		return ret;
753 	}
754 	cdev_init(&mdpy_cdev, &vd_fops);
755 	cdev_add(&mdpy_cdev, mdpy_devt, MINORMASK + 1);
756 	pr_info("%s: major %d\n", __func__, MAJOR(mdpy_devt));
757 
758 	mdpy_class = class_create(THIS_MODULE, MDPY_CLASS_NAME);
759 	if (IS_ERR(mdpy_class)) {
760 		pr_err("Error: failed to register mdpy_dev class\n");
761 		ret = PTR_ERR(mdpy_class);
762 		goto failed1;
763 	}
764 	mdpy_dev.class = mdpy_class;
765 	mdpy_dev.release = mdpy_device_release;
766 	dev_set_name(&mdpy_dev, "%s", MDPY_NAME);
767 
768 	ret = device_register(&mdpy_dev);
769 	if (ret)
770 		goto failed2;
771 
772 	ret = mdev_register_device(&mdpy_dev, &mdev_fops);
773 	if (ret)
774 		goto failed3;
775 
776 	return 0;
777 
778 failed3:
779 	device_unregister(&mdpy_dev);
780 failed2:
781 	class_destroy(mdpy_class);
782 failed1:
783 	cdev_del(&mdpy_cdev);
784 	unregister_chrdev_region(mdpy_devt, MINORMASK + 1);
785 	return ret;
786 }
787 
788 static void __exit mdpy_dev_exit(void)
789 {
790 	mdpy_dev.bus = NULL;
791 	mdev_unregister_device(&mdpy_dev);
792 
793 	device_unregister(&mdpy_dev);
794 	cdev_del(&mdpy_cdev);
795 	unregister_chrdev_region(mdpy_devt, MINORMASK + 1);
796 	class_destroy(mdpy_class);
797 	mdpy_class = NULL;
798 }
799 
800 module_init(mdpy_dev_init)
801 module_exit(mdpy_dev_exit)
802