xref: /linux/samples/rust/rust_misc_device.rs (revision 0000d9ccbcfa90411c88f70850501723389312b9)
1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
2 
3 // Copyright (C) 2024 Google LLC.
4 
5 //! Rust misc device sample.
6 //!
7 //! Below is an example userspace C program that exercises this sample's functionality.
8 //!
9 //! ```c
10 //! #include <stdio.h>
11 //! #include <stdlib.h>
12 //! #include <errno.h>
13 //! #include <fcntl.h>
14 //! #include <unistd.h>
15 //! #include <sys/ioctl.h>
16 //!
17 //! #define RUST_MISC_DEV_FAIL _IO('|', 0)
18 //! #define RUST_MISC_DEV_HELLO _IO('|', 0x80)
19 //! #define RUST_MISC_DEV_GET_VALUE _IOR('|', 0x81, int)
20 //! #define RUST_MISC_DEV_SET_VALUE _IOW('|', 0x82, int)
21 //!
22 //! int main() {
23 //!   int value, new_value;
24 //!   int fd, ret;
25 //!
26 //!   // Open the device file
27 //!   printf("Opening /dev/rust-misc-device for reading and writing\n");
28 //!   fd = open("/dev/rust-misc-device", O_RDWR);
29 //!   if (fd < 0) {
30 //!     perror("open");
31 //!     return errno;
32 //!   }
33 //!
34 //!   // Make call into driver to say "hello"
35 //!   printf("Calling Hello\n");
36 //!   ret = ioctl(fd, RUST_MISC_DEV_HELLO, NULL);
37 //!   if (ret < 0) {
38 //!     perror("ioctl: Failed to call into Hello");
39 //!     close(fd);
40 //!     return errno;
41 //!   }
42 //!
43 //!   // Get initial value
44 //!   printf("Fetching initial value\n");
45 //!   ret = ioctl(fd, RUST_MISC_DEV_GET_VALUE, &value);
46 //!   if (ret < 0) {
47 //!     perror("ioctl: Failed to fetch the initial value");
48 //!     close(fd);
49 //!     return errno;
50 //!   }
51 //!
52 //!   value++;
53 //!
54 //!   // Set value to something different
55 //!   printf("Submitting new value (%d)\n", value);
56 //!   ret = ioctl(fd, RUST_MISC_DEV_SET_VALUE, &value);
57 //!   if (ret < 0) {
58 //!     perror("ioctl: Failed to submit new value");
59 //!     close(fd);
60 //!     return errno;
61 //!   }
62 //!
63 //!   // Ensure new value was applied
64 //!   printf("Fetching new value\n");
65 //!   ret = ioctl(fd, RUST_MISC_DEV_GET_VALUE, &new_value);
66 //!   if (ret < 0) {
67 //!     perror("ioctl: Failed to fetch the new value");
68 //!     close(fd);
69 //!     return errno;
70 //!   }
71 //!
72 //!   if (value != new_value) {
73 //!     printf("Failed: Committed and retrieved values are different (%d - %d)\n", value, new_value);
74 //!     close(fd);
75 //!     return -1;
76 //!   }
77 //!
78 //!   // Call the unsuccessful ioctl
79 //!   printf("Attempting to call in to an non-existent IOCTL\n");
80 //!   ret = ioctl(fd, RUST_MISC_DEV_FAIL, NULL);
81 //!   if (ret < 0) {
82 //!     perror("ioctl: Succeeded to fail - this was expected");
83 //!   } else {
84 //!     printf("ioctl: Failed to fail\n");
85 //!     close(fd);
86 //!     return -1;
87 //!   }
88 //!
89 //!   // Close the device file
90 //!   printf("Closing /dev/rust-misc-device\n");
91 //!   close(fd);
92 //!
93 //!   printf("Success\n");
94 //!   return 0;
95 //! }
96 //! ```
97 
98 use kernel::{
99     device::Device,
100     fs::{
101         File,
102         Kiocb, //
103     },
104     ioctl::{
105         _IO,
106         _IOC_SIZE,
107         _IOR,
108         _IOW, //
109     },
110     iov::{
111         IovIterDest,
112         IovIterSource, //
113     },
114     miscdevice::{
115         MiscDevice,
116         MiscDeviceOptions,
117         MiscDeviceRegistration, //
118     },
119     new_mutex,
120     prelude::*,
121     sync::{
122         aref::ARef,
123         Mutex, //
124     },
125     uaccess::{
126         UserSlice,
127         UserSliceReader,
128         UserSliceWriter, //
129     },
130 };
131 
132 const RUST_MISC_DEV_HELLO: u32 = _IO('|' as u32, 0x80);
133 const RUST_MISC_DEV_GET_VALUE: u32 = _IOR::<i32>('|' as u32, 0x81);
134 const RUST_MISC_DEV_SET_VALUE: u32 = _IOW::<i32>('|' as u32, 0x82);
135 
136 module! {
137     type: RustMiscDeviceModule,
138     name: "rust_misc_device",
139     authors: ["Lee Jones"],
140     description: "Rust misc device sample",
141     license: "GPL",
142 }
143 
144 #[pin_data]
145 struct RustMiscDeviceModule {
146     #[pin]
147     _miscdev: MiscDeviceRegistration<RustMiscDevice>,
148 }
149 
150 impl kernel::InPlaceModule for RustMiscDeviceModule {
151     fn init(_module: &'static ThisModule) -> impl PinInit<Self, Error> {
152         pr_info!("Initialising Rust Misc Device Sample\n");
153 
154         let options = MiscDeviceOptions {
155             name: c"rust-misc-device",
156         };
157 
158         try_pin_init!(Self {
159             _miscdev <- MiscDeviceRegistration::register(options),
160         })
161     }
162 }
163 
164 struct Inner {
165     value: i32,
166     buffer: KVVec<u8>,
167 }
168 
169 #[pin_data(PinnedDrop)]
170 struct RustMiscDevice {
171     #[pin]
172     inner: Mutex<Inner>,
173     dev: ARef<Device>,
174 }
175 
176 #[vtable]
177 impl MiscDevice for RustMiscDevice {
178     type Ptr = Pin<KBox<Self>>;
179 
180     fn open(_file: &File, misc: &MiscDeviceRegistration<Self>) -> Result<Pin<KBox<Self>>> {
181         let dev = ARef::from(misc.device());
182 
183         dev_info!(dev, "Opening Rust Misc Device Sample\n");
184 
185         KBox::try_pin_init(
186             try_pin_init! {
187                 RustMiscDevice {
188                     inner <- new_mutex!(Inner {
189                         value: 0_i32,
190                         buffer: KVVec::new(),
191                     }),
192                     dev: dev,
193                 }
194             },
195             GFP_KERNEL,
196         )
197     }
198 
199     fn read_iter(mut kiocb: Kiocb<'_, Self::Ptr>, iov: &mut IovIterDest<'_>) -> Result<usize> {
200         let me = kiocb.file();
201         dev_info!(me.dev, "Reading from Rust Misc Device Sample\n");
202 
203         let inner = me.inner.lock();
204         // Read the buffer contents, taking the file position into account.
205         let read = iov.simple_read_from_buffer(kiocb.ki_pos_mut(), &inner.buffer)?;
206 
207         Ok(read)
208     }
209 
210     fn write_iter(mut kiocb: Kiocb<'_, Self::Ptr>, iov: &mut IovIterSource<'_>) -> Result<usize> {
211         let me = kiocb.file();
212         dev_info!(me.dev, "Writing to Rust Misc Device Sample\n");
213 
214         let mut inner = me.inner.lock();
215 
216         // Replace buffer contents.
217         inner.buffer.clear();
218         let len = iov.copy_from_iter_vec(&mut inner.buffer, GFP_KERNEL)?;
219 
220         // Set position to zero so that future `read` calls will see the new contents.
221         *kiocb.ki_pos_mut() = 0;
222 
223         Ok(len)
224     }
225 
226     fn ioctl(me: Pin<&RustMiscDevice>, _file: &File, cmd: u32, arg: usize) -> Result<isize> {
227         dev_info!(me.dev, "IOCTLing Rust Misc Device Sample\n");
228 
229         // Treat the ioctl argument as a user pointer.
230         let arg = UserPtr::from_addr(arg);
231         let size = _IOC_SIZE(cmd);
232 
233         match cmd {
234             RUST_MISC_DEV_GET_VALUE => me.get_value(UserSlice::new(arg, size).writer())?,
235             RUST_MISC_DEV_SET_VALUE => me.set_value(UserSlice::new(arg, size).reader())?,
236             RUST_MISC_DEV_HELLO => me.hello()?,
237             _ => {
238                 dev_err!(me.dev, "-> IOCTL not recognised: {}\n", cmd);
239                 return Err(ENOTTY);
240             }
241         };
242 
243         Ok(0)
244     }
245 }
246 
247 #[pinned_drop]
248 impl PinnedDrop for RustMiscDevice {
249     fn drop(self: Pin<&mut Self>) {
250         dev_info!(self.dev, "Exiting the Rust Misc Device Sample\n");
251     }
252 }
253 
254 impl RustMiscDevice {
255     fn set_value(&self, mut reader: UserSliceReader) -> Result<isize> {
256         let new_value = reader.read::<i32>()?;
257         let mut guard = self.inner.lock();
258 
259         dev_info!(
260             self.dev,
261             "-> Copying data from userspace (value: {})\n",
262             new_value
263         );
264 
265         guard.value = new_value;
266         Ok(0)
267     }
268 
269     fn get_value(&self, mut writer: UserSliceWriter) -> Result<isize> {
270         let guard = self.inner.lock();
271         let value = guard.value;
272 
273         // Free-up the lock and use our locally cached instance from here
274         drop(guard);
275 
276         dev_info!(
277             self.dev,
278             "-> Copying data to userspace (value: {})\n",
279             &value
280         );
281 
282         writer.write::<i32>(&value)?;
283         Ok(0)
284     }
285 
286     fn hello(&self) -> Result<isize> {
287         dev_info!(self.dev, "-> Hello from the Rust Misc Device\n");
288 
289         Ok(0)
290     }
291 }
292