xref: /linux/rust/kernel/sync/lock/spinlock.rs (revision 9e56ff53b4115875667760445b028357848b4748)
1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
2 
3 //! A kernel spinlock.
4 //!
5 //! This module allows Rust code to use the kernel's `spinlock_t`.
6 
7 use crate::bindings;
8 
9 /// Creates a [`SpinLock`] initialiser with the given name and a newly-created lock class.
10 ///
11 /// It uses the name if one is given, otherwise it generates one based on the file name and line
12 /// number.
13 #[macro_export]
14 macro_rules! new_spinlock {
15     ($inner:expr $(, $name:literal)? $(,)?) => {
16         $crate::sync::SpinLock::new(
17             $inner, $crate::optional_name!($($name)?), $crate::static_lock_class!())
18     };
19 }
20 
21 /// A spinlock.
22 ///
23 /// Exposes the kernel's [`spinlock_t`]. When multiple CPUs attempt to lock the same spinlock, only
24 /// one at a time is allowed to progress, the others will block (spinning) until the spinlock is
25 /// unlocked, at which point another CPU will be allowed to make progress.
26 ///
27 /// Instances of [`SpinLock`] need a lock class and to be pinned. The recommended way to create such
28 /// instances is with the [`pin_init`](crate::pin_init) and [`new_spinlock`] macros.
29 ///
30 /// # Examples
31 ///
32 /// The following example shows how to declare, allocate and initialise a struct (`Example`) that
33 /// contains an inner struct (`Inner`) that is protected by a spinlock.
34 ///
35 /// ```
36 /// use kernel::{init::InPlaceInit, init::PinInit, new_spinlock, pin_init, sync::SpinLock};
37 ///
38 /// struct Inner {
39 ///     a: u32,
40 ///     b: u32,
41 /// }
42 ///
43 /// #[pin_data]
44 /// struct Example {
45 ///     c: u32,
46 ///     #[pin]
47 ///     d: SpinLock<Inner>,
48 /// }
49 ///
50 /// impl Example {
51 ///     fn new() -> impl PinInit<Self> {
52 ///         pin_init!(Self {
53 ///             c: 10,
54 ///             d <- new_spinlock!(Inner { a: 20, b: 30 }),
55 ///         })
56 ///     }
57 /// }
58 ///
59 /// // Allocate a boxed `Example`.
60 /// let e = Box::pin_init(Example::new())?;
61 /// assert_eq!(e.c, 10);
62 /// assert_eq!(e.d.lock().a, 20);
63 /// assert_eq!(e.d.lock().b, 30);
64 /// # Ok::<(), Error>(())
65 /// ```
66 ///
67 /// The following example shows how to use interior mutability to modify the contents of a struct
68 /// protected by a spinlock despite only having a shared reference:
69 ///
70 /// ```
71 /// use kernel::sync::SpinLock;
72 ///
73 /// struct Example {
74 ///     a: u32,
75 ///     b: u32,
76 /// }
77 ///
78 /// fn example(m: &SpinLock<Example>) {
79 ///     let mut guard = m.lock();
80 ///     guard.a += 10;
81 ///     guard.b += 20;
82 /// }
83 /// ```
84 ///
85 /// [`spinlock_t`]: srctree/include/linux/spinlock.h
86 pub type SpinLock<T> = super::Lock<T, SpinLockBackend>;
87 
88 /// A kernel `spinlock_t` lock backend.
89 pub struct SpinLockBackend;
90 
91 // SAFETY: The underlying kernel `spinlock_t` object ensures mutual exclusion. `relock` uses the
92 // default implementation that always calls the same locking method.
93 unsafe impl super::Backend for SpinLockBackend {
94     type State = bindings::spinlock_t;
95     type GuardState = ();
96 
97     unsafe fn init(
98         ptr: *mut Self::State,
99         name: *const core::ffi::c_char,
100         key: *mut bindings::lock_class_key,
101     ) {
102         // SAFETY: The safety requirements ensure that `ptr` is valid for writes, and `name` and
103         // `key` are valid for read indefinitely.
104         unsafe { bindings::__spin_lock_init(ptr, name, key) }
105     }
106 
107     unsafe fn lock(ptr: *mut Self::State) -> Self::GuardState {
108         // SAFETY: The safety requirements of this function ensure that `ptr` points to valid
109         // memory, and that it has been initialised before.
110         unsafe { bindings::spin_lock(ptr) }
111     }
112 
113     unsafe fn unlock(ptr: *mut Self::State, _guard_state: &Self::GuardState) {
114         // SAFETY: The safety requirements of this function ensure that `ptr` is valid and that the
115         // caller is the owner of the mutex.
116         unsafe { bindings::spin_unlock(ptr) }
117     }
118 }
119