xref: /linux/rust/kernel/sync/lock/spinlock.rs (revision 7f71507851fc7764b36a3221839607d3a45c2025)
1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
2 
3 //! A kernel spinlock.
4 //!
5 //! This module allows Rust code to use the kernel's `spinlock_t`.
6 
7 /// Creates a [`SpinLock`] initialiser with the given name and a newly-created lock class.
8 ///
9 /// It uses the name if one is given, otherwise it generates one based on the file name and line
10 /// number.
11 #[macro_export]
12 macro_rules! new_spinlock {
13     ($inner:expr $(, $name:literal)? $(,)?) => {
14         $crate::sync::SpinLock::new(
15             $inner, $crate::optional_name!($($name)?), $crate::static_lock_class!())
16     };
17 }
18 pub use new_spinlock;
19 
20 /// A spinlock.
21 ///
22 /// Exposes the kernel's [`spinlock_t`]. When multiple CPUs attempt to lock the same spinlock, only
23 /// one at a time is allowed to progress, the others will block (spinning) until the spinlock is
24 /// unlocked, at which point another CPU will be allowed to make progress.
25 ///
26 /// Instances of [`SpinLock`] need a lock class and to be pinned. The recommended way to create such
27 /// instances is with the [`pin_init`](crate::pin_init) and [`new_spinlock`] macros.
28 ///
29 /// # Examples
30 ///
31 /// The following example shows how to declare, allocate and initialise a struct (`Example`) that
32 /// contains an inner struct (`Inner`) that is protected by a spinlock.
33 ///
34 /// ```
35 /// use kernel::sync::{new_spinlock, SpinLock};
36 ///
37 /// struct Inner {
38 ///     a: u32,
39 ///     b: u32,
40 /// }
41 ///
42 /// #[pin_data]
43 /// struct Example {
44 ///     c: u32,
45 ///     #[pin]
46 ///     d: SpinLock<Inner>,
47 /// }
48 ///
49 /// impl Example {
50 ///     fn new() -> impl PinInit<Self> {
51 ///         pin_init!(Self {
52 ///             c: 10,
53 ///             d <- new_spinlock!(Inner { a: 20, b: 30 }),
54 ///         })
55 ///     }
56 /// }
57 ///
58 /// // Allocate a boxed `Example`.
59 /// let e = KBox::pin_init(Example::new(), GFP_KERNEL)?;
60 /// assert_eq!(e.c, 10);
61 /// assert_eq!(e.d.lock().a, 20);
62 /// assert_eq!(e.d.lock().b, 30);
63 /// # Ok::<(), Error>(())
64 /// ```
65 ///
66 /// The following example shows how to use interior mutability to modify the contents of a struct
67 /// protected by a spinlock despite only having a shared reference:
68 ///
69 /// ```
70 /// use kernel::sync::SpinLock;
71 ///
72 /// struct Example {
73 ///     a: u32,
74 ///     b: u32,
75 /// }
76 ///
77 /// fn example(m: &SpinLock<Example>) {
78 ///     let mut guard = m.lock();
79 ///     guard.a += 10;
80 ///     guard.b += 20;
81 /// }
82 /// ```
83 ///
84 /// [`spinlock_t`]: srctree/include/linux/spinlock.h
85 pub type SpinLock<T> = super::Lock<T, SpinLockBackend>;
86 
87 /// A kernel `spinlock_t` lock backend.
88 pub struct SpinLockBackend;
89 
90 // SAFETY: The underlying kernel `spinlock_t` object ensures mutual exclusion. `relock` uses the
91 // default implementation that always calls the same locking method.
92 unsafe impl super::Backend for SpinLockBackend {
93     type State = bindings::spinlock_t;
94     type GuardState = ();
95 
96     unsafe fn init(
97         ptr: *mut Self::State,
98         name: *const crate::ffi::c_char,
99         key: *mut bindings::lock_class_key,
100     ) {
101         // SAFETY: The safety requirements ensure that `ptr` is valid for writes, and `name` and
102         // `key` are valid for read indefinitely.
103         unsafe { bindings::__spin_lock_init(ptr, name, key) }
104     }
105 
106     unsafe fn lock(ptr: *mut Self::State) -> Self::GuardState {
107         // SAFETY: The safety requirements of this function ensure that `ptr` points to valid
108         // memory, and that it has been initialised before.
109         unsafe { bindings::spin_lock(ptr) }
110     }
111 
112     unsafe fn unlock(ptr: *mut Self::State, _guard_state: &Self::GuardState) {
113         // SAFETY: The safety requirements of this function ensure that `ptr` is valid and that the
114         // caller is the owner of the spinlock.
115         unsafe { bindings::spin_unlock(ptr) }
116     }
117 
118     unsafe fn try_lock(ptr: *mut Self::State) -> Option<Self::GuardState> {
119         // SAFETY: The `ptr` pointer is guaranteed to be valid and initialized before use.
120         let result = unsafe { bindings::spin_trylock(ptr) };
121 
122         if result != 0 {
123             Some(())
124         } else {
125             None
126         }
127     }
128 }
129