xref: /linux/rust/kernel/lib.rs (revision 1b5f3c51fbb8042efb314484b47b2092cdd40bf6)
1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
2 
3 //! The `kernel` crate.
4 //!
5 //! This crate contains the kernel APIs that have been ported or wrapped for
6 //! usage by Rust code in the kernel and is shared by all of them.
7 //!
8 //! In other words, all the rest of the Rust code in the kernel (e.g. kernel
9 //! modules written in Rust) depends on [`core`], [`alloc`] and this crate.
10 //!
11 //! If you need a kernel C API that is not ported or wrapped yet here, then
12 //! do so first instead of bypassing this crate.
13 
14 #![no_std]
15 #![feature(arbitrary_self_types)]
16 #![cfg_attr(CONFIG_RUSTC_HAS_COERCE_POINTEE, feature(derive_coerce_pointee))]
17 #![cfg_attr(not(CONFIG_RUSTC_HAS_COERCE_POINTEE), feature(coerce_unsized))]
18 #![cfg_attr(not(CONFIG_RUSTC_HAS_COERCE_POINTEE), feature(dispatch_from_dyn))]
19 #![cfg_attr(not(CONFIG_RUSTC_HAS_COERCE_POINTEE), feature(unsize))]
20 #![feature(inline_const)]
21 #![feature(lint_reasons)]
22 // Stable in Rust 1.83
23 #![feature(const_maybe_uninit_as_mut_ptr)]
24 #![feature(const_mut_refs)]
25 #![feature(const_ptr_write)]
26 #![feature(const_refs_to_cell)]
27 
28 // Ensure conditional compilation based on the kernel configuration works;
29 // otherwise we may silently break things like initcall handling.
30 #[cfg(not(CONFIG_RUST))]
31 compile_error!("Missing kernel configuration for conditional compilation");
32 
33 // Allow proc-macros to refer to `::kernel` inside the `kernel` crate (this crate).
34 extern crate self as kernel;
35 
36 pub use ffi;
37 
38 pub mod alloc;
39 #[cfg(CONFIG_BLOCK)]
40 pub mod block;
41 #[doc(hidden)]
42 pub mod build_assert;
43 pub mod cred;
44 pub mod device;
45 pub mod device_id;
46 pub mod devres;
47 pub mod driver;
48 pub mod error;
49 #[cfg(CONFIG_RUST_FW_LOADER_ABSTRACTIONS)]
50 pub mod firmware;
51 pub mod fs;
52 pub mod init;
53 pub mod io;
54 pub mod ioctl;
55 pub mod jump_label;
56 #[cfg(CONFIG_KUNIT)]
57 pub mod kunit;
58 pub mod list;
59 pub mod miscdevice;
60 #[cfg(CONFIG_NET)]
61 pub mod net;
62 pub mod of;
63 pub mod page;
64 #[cfg(CONFIG_PCI)]
65 pub mod pci;
66 pub mod pid_namespace;
67 pub mod platform;
68 pub mod prelude;
69 pub mod print;
70 pub mod rbtree;
71 pub mod revocable;
72 pub mod security;
73 pub mod seq_file;
74 pub mod sizes;
75 mod static_assert;
76 #[doc(hidden)]
77 pub mod std_vendor;
78 pub mod str;
79 pub mod sync;
80 pub mod task;
81 pub mod time;
82 pub mod tracepoint;
83 pub mod transmute;
84 pub mod types;
85 pub mod uaccess;
86 pub mod workqueue;
87 
88 #[doc(hidden)]
89 pub use bindings;
90 pub use macros;
91 pub use uapi;
92 
93 /// Prefix to appear before log messages printed from within the `kernel` crate.
94 const __LOG_PREFIX: &[u8] = b"rust_kernel\0";
95 
96 /// The top level entrypoint to implementing a kernel module.
97 ///
98 /// For any teardown or cleanup operations, your type may implement [`Drop`].
99 pub trait Module: Sized + Sync + Send {
100     /// Called at module initialization time.
101     ///
102     /// Use this method to perform whatever setup or registration your module
103     /// should do.
104     ///
105     /// Equivalent to the `module_init` macro in the C API.
106     fn init(module: &'static ThisModule) -> error::Result<Self>;
107 }
108 
109 /// A module that is pinned and initialised in-place.
110 pub trait InPlaceModule: Sync + Send {
111     /// Creates an initialiser for the module.
112     ///
113     /// It is called when the module is loaded.
114     fn init(module: &'static ThisModule) -> impl init::PinInit<Self, error::Error>;
115 }
116 
117 impl<T: Module> InPlaceModule for T {
118     fn init(module: &'static ThisModule) -> impl init::PinInit<Self, error::Error> {
119         let initer = move |slot: *mut Self| {
120             let m = <Self as Module>::init(module)?;
121 
122             // SAFETY: `slot` is valid for write per the contract with `pin_init_from_closure`.
123             unsafe { slot.write(m) };
124             Ok(())
125         };
126 
127         // SAFETY: On success, `initer` always fully initialises an instance of `Self`.
128         unsafe { init::pin_init_from_closure(initer) }
129     }
130 }
131 
132 /// Metadata attached to a [`Module`] or [`InPlaceModule`].
133 pub trait ModuleMetadata {
134     /// The name of the module as specified in the `module!` macro.
135     const NAME: &'static crate::str::CStr;
136 }
137 
138 /// Equivalent to `THIS_MODULE` in the C API.
139 ///
140 /// C header: [`include/linux/init.h`](srctree/include/linux/init.h)
141 pub struct ThisModule(*mut bindings::module);
142 
143 // SAFETY: `THIS_MODULE` may be used from all threads within a module.
144 unsafe impl Sync for ThisModule {}
145 
146 impl ThisModule {
147     /// Creates a [`ThisModule`] given the `THIS_MODULE` pointer.
148     ///
149     /// # Safety
150     ///
151     /// The pointer must be equal to the right `THIS_MODULE`.
152     pub const unsafe fn from_ptr(ptr: *mut bindings::module) -> ThisModule {
153         ThisModule(ptr)
154     }
155 
156     /// Access the raw pointer for this module.
157     ///
158     /// It is up to the user to use it correctly.
159     pub const fn as_ptr(&self) -> *mut bindings::module {
160         self.0
161     }
162 }
163 
164 #[cfg(not(any(testlib, test)))]
165 #[panic_handler]
166 fn panic(info: &core::panic::PanicInfo<'_>) -> ! {
167     pr_emerg!("{}\n", info);
168     // SAFETY: FFI call.
169     unsafe { bindings::BUG() };
170 }
171 
172 /// Produces a pointer to an object from a pointer to one of its fields.
173 ///
174 /// # Safety
175 ///
176 /// The pointer passed to this macro, and the pointer returned by this macro, must both be in
177 /// bounds of the same allocation.
178 ///
179 /// # Examples
180 ///
181 /// ```
182 /// # use kernel::container_of;
183 /// struct Test {
184 ///     a: u64,
185 ///     b: u32,
186 /// }
187 ///
188 /// let test = Test { a: 10, b: 20 };
189 /// let b_ptr = &test.b;
190 /// // SAFETY: The pointer points at the `b` field of a `Test`, so the resulting pointer will be
191 /// // in-bounds of the same allocation as `b_ptr`.
192 /// let test_alias = unsafe { container_of!(b_ptr, Test, b) };
193 /// assert!(core::ptr::eq(&test, test_alias));
194 /// ```
195 #[macro_export]
196 macro_rules! container_of {
197     ($ptr:expr, $type:ty, $($f:tt)*) => {{
198         let ptr = $ptr as *const _ as *const u8;
199         let offset: usize = ::core::mem::offset_of!($type, $($f)*);
200         ptr.sub(offset) as *const $type
201     }}
202 }
203 
204 /// Helper for `.rs.S` files.
205 #[doc(hidden)]
206 #[macro_export]
207 macro_rules! concat_literals {
208     ($( $asm:literal )* ) => {
209         ::core::concat!($($asm),*)
210     };
211 }
212 
213 /// Wrapper around `asm!` configured for use in the kernel.
214 ///
215 /// Uses a semicolon to avoid parsing ambiguities, even though this does not match native `asm!`
216 /// syntax.
217 // For x86, `asm!` uses intel syntax by default, but we want to use at&t syntax in the kernel.
218 #[cfg(any(target_arch = "x86", target_arch = "x86_64"))]
219 #[macro_export]
220 macro_rules! asm {
221     ($($asm:expr),* ; $($rest:tt)*) => {
222         ::core::arch::asm!( $($asm)*, options(att_syntax), $($rest)* )
223     };
224 }
225 
226 /// Wrapper around `asm!` configured for use in the kernel.
227 ///
228 /// Uses a semicolon to avoid parsing ambiguities, even though this does not match native `asm!`
229 /// syntax.
230 // For non-x86 arches we just pass through to `asm!`.
231 #[cfg(not(any(target_arch = "x86", target_arch = "x86_64")))]
232 #[macro_export]
233 macro_rules! asm {
234     ($($asm:expr),* ; $($rest:tt)*) => {
235         ::core::arch::asm!( $($asm)*, $($rest)* )
236     };
237 }
238