xref: /linux/rust/kernel/driver.rs (revision 51158207294108898e5b72bb78fa51a7e848844f)
1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
2 
3 //! Generic support for drivers of different buses (e.g., PCI, Platform, Amba, etc.).
4 //!
5 //! Each bus / subsystem is expected to implement [`RegistrationOps`], which allows drivers to
6 //! register using the [`Registration`] class.
7 
8 use crate::error::{Error, Result};
9 use crate::{init::PinInit, str::CStr, try_pin_init, types::Opaque, ThisModule};
10 use core::pin::Pin;
11 use macros::{pin_data, pinned_drop};
12 
13 /// The [`RegistrationOps`] trait serves as generic interface for subsystems (e.g., PCI, Platform,
14 /// Amba, etc.) to provide the corresponding subsystem specific implementation to register /
15 /// unregister a driver of the particular type (`RegType`).
16 ///
17 /// For instance, the PCI subsystem would set `RegType` to `bindings::pci_driver` and call
18 /// `bindings::__pci_register_driver` from `RegistrationOps::register` and
19 /// `bindings::pci_unregister_driver` from `RegistrationOps::unregister`.
20 pub trait RegistrationOps {
21     /// The type that holds information about the registration. This is typically a struct defined
22     /// by the C portion of the kernel.
23     type RegType: Default;
24 
25     /// Registers a driver.
26     ///
27     /// On success, `reg` must remain pinned and valid until the matching call to
28     /// [`RegistrationOps::unregister`].
29     fn register(
30         reg: &Opaque<Self::RegType>,
31         name: &'static CStr,
32         module: &'static ThisModule,
33     ) -> Result;
34 
35     /// Unregisters a driver previously registered with [`RegistrationOps::register`].
36     fn unregister(reg: &Opaque<Self::RegType>);
37 }
38 
39 /// A [`Registration`] is a generic type that represents the registration of some driver type (e.g.
40 /// `bindings::pci_driver`). Therefore a [`Registration`] must be initialized with a type that
41 /// implements the [`RegistrationOps`] trait, such that the generic `T::register` and
42 /// `T::unregister` calls result in the subsystem specific registration calls.
43 ///
44 ///Once the `Registration` structure is dropped, the driver is unregistered.
45 #[pin_data(PinnedDrop)]
46 pub struct Registration<T: RegistrationOps> {
47     #[pin]
48     reg: Opaque<T::RegType>,
49 }
50 
51 // SAFETY: `Registration` has no fields or methods accessible via `&Registration`, so it is safe to
52 // share references to it with multiple threads as nothing can be done.
53 unsafe impl<T: RegistrationOps> Sync for Registration<T> {}
54 
55 // SAFETY: Both registration and unregistration are implemented in C and safe to be performed from
56 // any thread, so `Registration` is `Send`.
57 unsafe impl<T: RegistrationOps> Send for Registration<T> {}
58 
59 impl<T: RegistrationOps> Registration<T> {
60     /// Creates a new instance of the registration object.
61     pub fn new(name: &'static CStr, module: &'static ThisModule) -> impl PinInit<Self, Error> {
62         try_pin_init!(Self {
63             reg <- Opaque::try_ffi_init(|ptr: *mut T::RegType| {
64                 // SAFETY: `try_ffi_init` guarantees that `ptr` is valid for write.
65                 unsafe { ptr.write(T::RegType::default()) };
66 
67                 // SAFETY: `try_ffi_init` guarantees that `ptr` is valid for write, and it has
68                 // just been initialised above, so it's also valid for read.
69                 let drv = unsafe { &*(ptr as *const Opaque<T::RegType>) };
70 
71                 T::register(drv, name, module)
72             }),
73         })
74     }
75 }
76 
77 #[pinned_drop]
78 impl<T: RegistrationOps> PinnedDrop for Registration<T> {
79     fn drop(self: Pin<&mut Self>) {
80         T::unregister(&self.reg);
81     }
82 }
83 
84 /// Declares a kernel module that exposes a single driver.
85 ///
86 /// It is meant to be used as a helper by other subsystems so they can more easily expose their own
87 /// macros.
88 #[macro_export]
89 macro_rules! module_driver {
90     (<$gen_type:ident>, $driver_ops:ty, { type: $type:ty, $($f:tt)* }) => {
91         type Ops<$gen_type> = $driver_ops;
92 
93         #[$crate::prelude::pin_data]
94         struct DriverModule {
95             #[pin]
96             _driver: $crate::driver::Registration<Ops<$type>>,
97         }
98 
99         impl $crate::InPlaceModule for DriverModule {
100             fn init(
101                 module: &'static $crate::ThisModule
102             ) -> impl $crate::init::PinInit<Self, $crate::error::Error> {
103                 $crate::try_pin_init!(Self {
104                     _driver <- $crate::driver::Registration::new(
105                         <Self as $crate::ModuleMetadata>::NAME,
106                         module,
107                     ),
108                 })
109             }
110         }
111 
112         $crate::prelude::module! {
113             type: DriverModule,
114             $($f)*
115         }
116     }
117 }
118