xref: /linux/net/sched/sch_fq_codel.c (revision 9e9f60108423f18a99c9cc93ef7f23490ecc709b)
1 /*
2  * Fair Queue CoDel discipline
3  *
4  *	This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
5  *	modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License
6  *	as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version
7  *	2 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
8  *
9  *  Copyright (C) 2012 Eric Dumazet <edumazet@google.com>
10  */
11 
12 #include <linux/module.h>
13 #include <linux/types.h>
14 #include <linux/kernel.h>
15 #include <linux/jiffies.h>
16 #include <linux/string.h>
17 #include <linux/in.h>
18 #include <linux/errno.h>
19 #include <linux/init.h>
20 #include <linux/skbuff.h>
21 #include <linux/jhash.h>
22 #include <linux/slab.h>
23 #include <linux/vmalloc.h>
24 #include <net/netlink.h>
25 #include <net/pkt_sched.h>
26 #include <net/flow_keys.h>
27 #include <net/codel.h>
28 
29 /*	Fair Queue CoDel.
30  *
31  * Principles :
32  * Packets are classified (internal classifier or external) on flows.
33  * This is a Stochastic model (as we use a hash, several flows
34  *			       might be hashed on same slot)
35  * Each flow has a CoDel managed queue.
36  * Flows are linked onto two (Round Robin) lists,
37  * so that new flows have priority on old ones.
38  *
39  * For a given flow, packets are not reordered (CoDel uses a FIFO)
40  * head drops only.
41  * ECN capability is on by default.
42  * Low memory footprint (64 bytes per flow)
43  */
44 
45 struct fq_codel_flow {
46 	struct sk_buff	  *head;
47 	struct sk_buff	  *tail;
48 	struct list_head  flowchain;
49 	int		  deficit;
50 	u32		  dropped; /* number of drops (or ECN marks) on this flow */
51 	struct codel_vars cvars;
52 }; /* please try to keep this structure <= 64 bytes */
53 
54 struct fq_codel_sched_data {
55 	struct tcf_proto __rcu *filter_list; /* optional external classifier */
56 	struct fq_codel_flow *flows;	/* Flows table [flows_cnt] */
57 	u32		*backlogs;	/* backlog table [flows_cnt] */
58 	u32		flows_cnt;	/* number of flows */
59 	u32		perturbation;	/* hash perturbation */
60 	u32		quantum;	/* psched_mtu(qdisc_dev(sch)); */
61 	struct codel_params cparams;
62 	struct codel_stats cstats;
63 	u32		drop_overlimit;
64 	u32		new_flow_count;
65 
66 	struct list_head new_flows;	/* list of new flows */
67 	struct list_head old_flows;	/* list of old flows */
68 };
69 
70 static unsigned int fq_codel_hash(const struct fq_codel_sched_data *q,
71 				  const struct sk_buff *skb)
72 {
73 	struct flow_keys keys;
74 	unsigned int hash;
75 
76 	skb_flow_dissect(skb, &keys);
77 	hash = jhash_3words((__force u32)keys.dst,
78 			    (__force u32)keys.src ^ keys.ip_proto,
79 			    (__force u32)keys.ports, q->perturbation);
80 
81 	return reciprocal_scale(hash, q->flows_cnt);
82 }
83 
84 static unsigned int fq_codel_classify(struct sk_buff *skb, struct Qdisc *sch,
85 				      int *qerr)
86 {
87 	struct fq_codel_sched_data *q = qdisc_priv(sch);
88 	struct tcf_proto *filter;
89 	struct tcf_result res;
90 	int result;
91 
92 	if (TC_H_MAJ(skb->priority) == sch->handle &&
93 	    TC_H_MIN(skb->priority) > 0 &&
94 	    TC_H_MIN(skb->priority) <= q->flows_cnt)
95 		return TC_H_MIN(skb->priority);
96 
97 	filter = rcu_dereference_bh(q->filter_list);
98 	if (!filter)
99 		return fq_codel_hash(q, skb) + 1;
100 
101 	*qerr = NET_XMIT_SUCCESS | __NET_XMIT_BYPASS;
102 	result = tc_classify(skb, filter, &res);
103 	if (result >= 0) {
104 #ifdef CONFIG_NET_CLS_ACT
105 		switch (result) {
106 		case TC_ACT_STOLEN:
107 		case TC_ACT_QUEUED:
108 			*qerr = NET_XMIT_SUCCESS | __NET_XMIT_STOLEN;
109 		case TC_ACT_SHOT:
110 			return 0;
111 		}
112 #endif
113 		if (TC_H_MIN(res.classid) <= q->flows_cnt)
114 			return TC_H_MIN(res.classid);
115 	}
116 	return 0;
117 }
118 
119 /* helper functions : might be changed when/if skb use a standard list_head */
120 
121 /* remove one skb from head of slot queue */
122 static inline struct sk_buff *dequeue_head(struct fq_codel_flow *flow)
123 {
124 	struct sk_buff *skb = flow->head;
125 
126 	flow->head = skb->next;
127 	skb->next = NULL;
128 	return skb;
129 }
130 
131 /* add skb to flow queue (tail add) */
132 static inline void flow_queue_add(struct fq_codel_flow *flow,
133 				  struct sk_buff *skb)
134 {
135 	if (flow->head == NULL)
136 		flow->head = skb;
137 	else
138 		flow->tail->next = skb;
139 	flow->tail = skb;
140 	skb->next = NULL;
141 }
142 
143 static unsigned int fq_codel_drop(struct Qdisc *sch)
144 {
145 	struct fq_codel_sched_data *q = qdisc_priv(sch);
146 	struct sk_buff *skb;
147 	unsigned int maxbacklog = 0, idx = 0, i, len;
148 	struct fq_codel_flow *flow;
149 
150 	/* Queue is full! Find the fat flow and drop packet from it.
151 	 * This might sound expensive, but with 1024 flows, we scan
152 	 * 4KB of memory, and we dont need to handle a complex tree
153 	 * in fast path (packet queue/enqueue) with many cache misses.
154 	 */
155 	for (i = 0; i < q->flows_cnt; i++) {
156 		if (q->backlogs[i] > maxbacklog) {
157 			maxbacklog = q->backlogs[i];
158 			idx = i;
159 		}
160 	}
161 	flow = &q->flows[idx];
162 	skb = dequeue_head(flow);
163 	len = qdisc_pkt_len(skb);
164 	q->backlogs[idx] -= len;
165 	kfree_skb(skb);
166 	sch->q.qlen--;
167 	qdisc_qstats_drop(sch);
168 	qdisc_qstats_backlog_dec(sch, skb);
169 	flow->dropped++;
170 	return idx;
171 }
172 
173 static int fq_codel_enqueue(struct sk_buff *skb, struct Qdisc *sch)
174 {
175 	struct fq_codel_sched_data *q = qdisc_priv(sch);
176 	unsigned int idx;
177 	struct fq_codel_flow *flow;
178 	int uninitialized_var(ret);
179 
180 	idx = fq_codel_classify(skb, sch, &ret);
181 	if (idx == 0) {
182 		if (ret & __NET_XMIT_BYPASS)
183 			qdisc_qstats_drop(sch);
184 		kfree_skb(skb);
185 		return ret;
186 	}
187 	idx--;
188 
189 	codel_set_enqueue_time(skb);
190 	flow = &q->flows[idx];
191 	flow_queue_add(flow, skb);
192 	q->backlogs[idx] += qdisc_pkt_len(skb);
193 	qdisc_qstats_backlog_inc(sch, skb);
194 
195 	if (list_empty(&flow->flowchain)) {
196 		list_add_tail(&flow->flowchain, &q->new_flows);
197 		q->new_flow_count++;
198 		flow->deficit = q->quantum;
199 		flow->dropped = 0;
200 	}
201 	if (++sch->q.qlen <= sch->limit)
202 		return NET_XMIT_SUCCESS;
203 
204 	q->drop_overlimit++;
205 	/* Return Congestion Notification only if we dropped a packet
206 	 * from this flow.
207 	 */
208 	if (fq_codel_drop(sch) == idx)
209 		return NET_XMIT_CN;
210 
211 	/* As we dropped a packet, better let upper stack know this */
212 	qdisc_tree_decrease_qlen(sch, 1);
213 	return NET_XMIT_SUCCESS;
214 }
215 
216 /* This is the specific function called from codel_dequeue()
217  * to dequeue a packet from queue. Note: backlog is handled in
218  * codel, we dont need to reduce it here.
219  */
220 static struct sk_buff *dequeue(struct codel_vars *vars, struct Qdisc *sch)
221 {
222 	struct fq_codel_sched_data *q = qdisc_priv(sch);
223 	struct fq_codel_flow *flow;
224 	struct sk_buff *skb = NULL;
225 
226 	flow = container_of(vars, struct fq_codel_flow, cvars);
227 	if (flow->head) {
228 		skb = dequeue_head(flow);
229 		q->backlogs[flow - q->flows] -= qdisc_pkt_len(skb);
230 		sch->q.qlen--;
231 	}
232 	return skb;
233 }
234 
235 static struct sk_buff *fq_codel_dequeue(struct Qdisc *sch)
236 {
237 	struct fq_codel_sched_data *q = qdisc_priv(sch);
238 	struct sk_buff *skb;
239 	struct fq_codel_flow *flow;
240 	struct list_head *head;
241 	u32 prev_drop_count, prev_ecn_mark;
242 
243 begin:
244 	head = &q->new_flows;
245 	if (list_empty(head)) {
246 		head = &q->old_flows;
247 		if (list_empty(head))
248 			return NULL;
249 	}
250 	flow = list_first_entry(head, struct fq_codel_flow, flowchain);
251 
252 	if (flow->deficit <= 0) {
253 		flow->deficit += q->quantum;
254 		list_move_tail(&flow->flowchain, &q->old_flows);
255 		goto begin;
256 	}
257 
258 	prev_drop_count = q->cstats.drop_count;
259 	prev_ecn_mark = q->cstats.ecn_mark;
260 
261 	skb = codel_dequeue(sch, &q->cparams, &flow->cvars, &q->cstats,
262 			    dequeue);
263 
264 	flow->dropped += q->cstats.drop_count - prev_drop_count;
265 	flow->dropped += q->cstats.ecn_mark - prev_ecn_mark;
266 
267 	if (!skb) {
268 		/* force a pass through old_flows to prevent starvation */
269 		if ((head == &q->new_flows) && !list_empty(&q->old_flows))
270 			list_move_tail(&flow->flowchain, &q->old_flows);
271 		else
272 			list_del_init(&flow->flowchain);
273 		goto begin;
274 	}
275 	qdisc_bstats_update(sch, skb);
276 	flow->deficit -= qdisc_pkt_len(skb);
277 	/* We cant call qdisc_tree_decrease_qlen() if our qlen is 0,
278 	 * or HTB crashes. Defer it for next round.
279 	 */
280 	if (q->cstats.drop_count && sch->q.qlen) {
281 		qdisc_tree_decrease_qlen(sch, q->cstats.drop_count);
282 		q->cstats.drop_count = 0;
283 	}
284 	return skb;
285 }
286 
287 static void fq_codel_reset(struct Qdisc *sch)
288 {
289 	struct sk_buff *skb;
290 
291 	while ((skb = fq_codel_dequeue(sch)) != NULL)
292 		kfree_skb(skb);
293 }
294 
295 static const struct nla_policy fq_codel_policy[TCA_FQ_CODEL_MAX + 1] = {
296 	[TCA_FQ_CODEL_TARGET]	= { .type = NLA_U32 },
297 	[TCA_FQ_CODEL_LIMIT]	= { .type = NLA_U32 },
298 	[TCA_FQ_CODEL_INTERVAL]	= { .type = NLA_U32 },
299 	[TCA_FQ_CODEL_ECN]	= { .type = NLA_U32 },
300 	[TCA_FQ_CODEL_FLOWS]	= { .type = NLA_U32 },
301 	[TCA_FQ_CODEL_QUANTUM]	= { .type = NLA_U32 },
302 };
303 
304 static int fq_codel_change(struct Qdisc *sch, struct nlattr *opt)
305 {
306 	struct fq_codel_sched_data *q = qdisc_priv(sch);
307 	struct nlattr *tb[TCA_FQ_CODEL_MAX + 1];
308 	int err;
309 
310 	if (!opt)
311 		return -EINVAL;
312 
313 	err = nla_parse_nested(tb, TCA_FQ_CODEL_MAX, opt, fq_codel_policy);
314 	if (err < 0)
315 		return err;
316 	if (tb[TCA_FQ_CODEL_FLOWS]) {
317 		if (q->flows)
318 			return -EINVAL;
319 		q->flows_cnt = nla_get_u32(tb[TCA_FQ_CODEL_FLOWS]);
320 		if (!q->flows_cnt ||
321 		    q->flows_cnt > 65536)
322 			return -EINVAL;
323 	}
324 	sch_tree_lock(sch);
325 
326 	if (tb[TCA_FQ_CODEL_TARGET]) {
327 		u64 target = nla_get_u32(tb[TCA_FQ_CODEL_TARGET]);
328 
329 		q->cparams.target = (target * NSEC_PER_USEC) >> CODEL_SHIFT;
330 	}
331 
332 	if (tb[TCA_FQ_CODEL_INTERVAL]) {
333 		u64 interval = nla_get_u32(tb[TCA_FQ_CODEL_INTERVAL]);
334 
335 		q->cparams.interval = (interval * NSEC_PER_USEC) >> CODEL_SHIFT;
336 	}
337 
338 	if (tb[TCA_FQ_CODEL_LIMIT])
339 		sch->limit = nla_get_u32(tb[TCA_FQ_CODEL_LIMIT]);
340 
341 	if (tb[TCA_FQ_CODEL_ECN])
342 		q->cparams.ecn = !!nla_get_u32(tb[TCA_FQ_CODEL_ECN]);
343 
344 	if (tb[TCA_FQ_CODEL_QUANTUM])
345 		q->quantum = max(256U, nla_get_u32(tb[TCA_FQ_CODEL_QUANTUM]));
346 
347 	while (sch->q.qlen > sch->limit) {
348 		struct sk_buff *skb = fq_codel_dequeue(sch);
349 
350 		kfree_skb(skb);
351 		q->cstats.drop_count++;
352 	}
353 	qdisc_tree_decrease_qlen(sch, q->cstats.drop_count);
354 	q->cstats.drop_count = 0;
355 
356 	sch_tree_unlock(sch);
357 	return 0;
358 }
359 
360 static void *fq_codel_zalloc(size_t sz)
361 {
362 	void *ptr = kzalloc(sz, GFP_KERNEL | __GFP_NOWARN);
363 
364 	if (!ptr)
365 		ptr = vzalloc(sz);
366 	return ptr;
367 }
368 
369 static void fq_codel_free(void *addr)
370 {
371 	kvfree(addr);
372 }
373 
374 static void fq_codel_destroy(struct Qdisc *sch)
375 {
376 	struct fq_codel_sched_data *q = qdisc_priv(sch);
377 
378 	tcf_destroy_chain(&q->filter_list);
379 	fq_codel_free(q->backlogs);
380 	fq_codel_free(q->flows);
381 }
382 
383 static int fq_codel_init(struct Qdisc *sch, struct nlattr *opt)
384 {
385 	struct fq_codel_sched_data *q = qdisc_priv(sch);
386 	int i;
387 
388 	sch->limit = 10*1024;
389 	q->flows_cnt = 1024;
390 	q->quantum = psched_mtu(qdisc_dev(sch));
391 	q->perturbation = prandom_u32();
392 	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&q->new_flows);
393 	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&q->old_flows);
394 	codel_params_init(&q->cparams);
395 	codel_stats_init(&q->cstats);
396 	q->cparams.ecn = true;
397 
398 	if (opt) {
399 		int err = fq_codel_change(sch, opt);
400 		if (err)
401 			return err;
402 	}
403 
404 	if (!q->flows) {
405 		q->flows = fq_codel_zalloc(q->flows_cnt *
406 					   sizeof(struct fq_codel_flow));
407 		if (!q->flows)
408 			return -ENOMEM;
409 		q->backlogs = fq_codel_zalloc(q->flows_cnt * sizeof(u32));
410 		if (!q->backlogs) {
411 			fq_codel_free(q->flows);
412 			return -ENOMEM;
413 		}
414 		for (i = 0; i < q->flows_cnt; i++) {
415 			struct fq_codel_flow *flow = q->flows + i;
416 
417 			INIT_LIST_HEAD(&flow->flowchain);
418 			codel_vars_init(&flow->cvars);
419 		}
420 	}
421 	if (sch->limit >= 1)
422 		sch->flags |= TCQ_F_CAN_BYPASS;
423 	else
424 		sch->flags &= ~TCQ_F_CAN_BYPASS;
425 	return 0;
426 }
427 
428 static int fq_codel_dump(struct Qdisc *sch, struct sk_buff *skb)
429 {
430 	struct fq_codel_sched_data *q = qdisc_priv(sch);
431 	struct nlattr *opts;
432 
433 	opts = nla_nest_start(skb, TCA_OPTIONS);
434 	if (opts == NULL)
435 		goto nla_put_failure;
436 
437 	if (nla_put_u32(skb, TCA_FQ_CODEL_TARGET,
438 			codel_time_to_us(q->cparams.target)) ||
439 	    nla_put_u32(skb, TCA_FQ_CODEL_LIMIT,
440 			sch->limit) ||
441 	    nla_put_u32(skb, TCA_FQ_CODEL_INTERVAL,
442 			codel_time_to_us(q->cparams.interval)) ||
443 	    nla_put_u32(skb, TCA_FQ_CODEL_ECN,
444 			q->cparams.ecn) ||
445 	    nla_put_u32(skb, TCA_FQ_CODEL_QUANTUM,
446 			q->quantum) ||
447 	    nla_put_u32(skb, TCA_FQ_CODEL_FLOWS,
448 			q->flows_cnt))
449 		goto nla_put_failure;
450 
451 	return nla_nest_end(skb, opts);
452 
453 nla_put_failure:
454 	return -1;
455 }
456 
457 static int fq_codel_dump_stats(struct Qdisc *sch, struct gnet_dump *d)
458 {
459 	struct fq_codel_sched_data *q = qdisc_priv(sch);
460 	struct tc_fq_codel_xstats st = {
461 		.type				= TCA_FQ_CODEL_XSTATS_QDISC,
462 	};
463 	struct list_head *pos;
464 
465 	st.qdisc_stats.maxpacket = q->cstats.maxpacket;
466 	st.qdisc_stats.drop_overlimit = q->drop_overlimit;
467 	st.qdisc_stats.ecn_mark = q->cstats.ecn_mark;
468 	st.qdisc_stats.new_flow_count = q->new_flow_count;
469 
470 	list_for_each(pos, &q->new_flows)
471 		st.qdisc_stats.new_flows_len++;
472 
473 	list_for_each(pos, &q->old_flows)
474 		st.qdisc_stats.old_flows_len++;
475 
476 	return gnet_stats_copy_app(d, &st, sizeof(st));
477 }
478 
479 static struct Qdisc *fq_codel_leaf(struct Qdisc *sch, unsigned long arg)
480 {
481 	return NULL;
482 }
483 
484 static unsigned long fq_codel_get(struct Qdisc *sch, u32 classid)
485 {
486 	return 0;
487 }
488 
489 static unsigned long fq_codel_bind(struct Qdisc *sch, unsigned long parent,
490 			      u32 classid)
491 {
492 	/* we cannot bypass queue discipline anymore */
493 	sch->flags &= ~TCQ_F_CAN_BYPASS;
494 	return 0;
495 }
496 
497 static void fq_codel_put(struct Qdisc *q, unsigned long cl)
498 {
499 }
500 
501 static struct tcf_proto __rcu **fq_codel_find_tcf(struct Qdisc *sch,
502 						  unsigned long cl)
503 {
504 	struct fq_codel_sched_data *q = qdisc_priv(sch);
505 
506 	if (cl)
507 		return NULL;
508 	return &q->filter_list;
509 }
510 
511 static int fq_codel_dump_class(struct Qdisc *sch, unsigned long cl,
512 			  struct sk_buff *skb, struct tcmsg *tcm)
513 {
514 	tcm->tcm_handle |= TC_H_MIN(cl);
515 	return 0;
516 }
517 
518 static int fq_codel_dump_class_stats(struct Qdisc *sch, unsigned long cl,
519 				     struct gnet_dump *d)
520 {
521 	struct fq_codel_sched_data *q = qdisc_priv(sch);
522 	u32 idx = cl - 1;
523 	struct gnet_stats_queue qs = { 0 };
524 	struct tc_fq_codel_xstats xstats;
525 
526 	if (idx < q->flows_cnt) {
527 		const struct fq_codel_flow *flow = &q->flows[idx];
528 		const struct sk_buff *skb = flow->head;
529 
530 		memset(&xstats, 0, sizeof(xstats));
531 		xstats.type = TCA_FQ_CODEL_XSTATS_CLASS;
532 		xstats.class_stats.deficit = flow->deficit;
533 		xstats.class_stats.ldelay =
534 			codel_time_to_us(flow->cvars.ldelay);
535 		xstats.class_stats.count = flow->cvars.count;
536 		xstats.class_stats.lastcount = flow->cvars.lastcount;
537 		xstats.class_stats.dropping = flow->cvars.dropping;
538 		if (flow->cvars.dropping) {
539 			codel_tdiff_t delta = flow->cvars.drop_next -
540 					      codel_get_time();
541 
542 			xstats.class_stats.drop_next = (delta >= 0) ?
543 				codel_time_to_us(delta) :
544 				-codel_time_to_us(-delta);
545 		}
546 		while (skb) {
547 			qs.qlen++;
548 			skb = skb->next;
549 		}
550 		qs.backlog = q->backlogs[idx];
551 		qs.drops = flow->dropped;
552 	}
553 	if (gnet_stats_copy_queue(d, NULL, &qs, 0) < 0)
554 		return -1;
555 	if (idx < q->flows_cnt)
556 		return gnet_stats_copy_app(d, &xstats, sizeof(xstats));
557 	return 0;
558 }
559 
560 static void fq_codel_walk(struct Qdisc *sch, struct qdisc_walker *arg)
561 {
562 	struct fq_codel_sched_data *q = qdisc_priv(sch);
563 	unsigned int i;
564 
565 	if (arg->stop)
566 		return;
567 
568 	for (i = 0; i < q->flows_cnt; i++) {
569 		if (list_empty(&q->flows[i].flowchain) ||
570 		    arg->count < arg->skip) {
571 			arg->count++;
572 			continue;
573 		}
574 		if (arg->fn(sch, i + 1, arg) < 0) {
575 			arg->stop = 1;
576 			break;
577 		}
578 		arg->count++;
579 	}
580 }
581 
582 static const struct Qdisc_class_ops fq_codel_class_ops = {
583 	.leaf		=	fq_codel_leaf,
584 	.get		=	fq_codel_get,
585 	.put		=	fq_codel_put,
586 	.tcf_chain	=	fq_codel_find_tcf,
587 	.bind_tcf	=	fq_codel_bind,
588 	.unbind_tcf	=	fq_codel_put,
589 	.dump		=	fq_codel_dump_class,
590 	.dump_stats	=	fq_codel_dump_class_stats,
591 	.walk		=	fq_codel_walk,
592 };
593 
594 static struct Qdisc_ops fq_codel_qdisc_ops __read_mostly = {
595 	.cl_ops		=	&fq_codel_class_ops,
596 	.id		=	"fq_codel",
597 	.priv_size	=	sizeof(struct fq_codel_sched_data),
598 	.enqueue	=	fq_codel_enqueue,
599 	.dequeue	=	fq_codel_dequeue,
600 	.peek		=	qdisc_peek_dequeued,
601 	.drop		=	fq_codel_drop,
602 	.init		=	fq_codel_init,
603 	.reset		=	fq_codel_reset,
604 	.destroy	=	fq_codel_destroy,
605 	.change		=	fq_codel_change,
606 	.dump		=	fq_codel_dump,
607 	.dump_stats =	fq_codel_dump_stats,
608 	.owner		=	THIS_MODULE,
609 };
610 
611 static int __init fq_codel_module_init(void)
612 {
613 	return register_qdisc(&fq_codel_qdisc_ops);
614 }
615 
616 static void __exit fq_codel_module_exit(void)
617 {
618 	unregister_qdisc(&fq_codel_qdisc_ops);
619 }
620 
621 module_init(fq_codel_module_init)
622 module_exit(fq_codel_module_exit)
623 MODULE_AUTHOR("Eric Dumazet");
624 MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
625