xref: /linux/net/ipv4/tcp_dctcp.c (revision 87c9c16317882dd6dbbc07e349bc3223e14f3244)
1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
2 /* DataCenter TCP (DCTCP) congestion control.
3  *
4  * http://simula.stanford.edu/~alizade/Site/DCTCP.html
5  *
6  * This is an implementation of DCTCP over Reno, an enhancement to the
7  * TCP congestion control algorithm designed for data centers. DCTCP
8  * leverages Explicit Congestion Notification (ECN) in the network to
9  * provide multi-bit feedback to the end hosts. DCTCP's goal is to meet
10  * the following three data center transport requirements:
11  *
12  *  - High burst tolerance (incast due to partition/aggregate)
13  *  - Low latency (short flows, queries)
14  *  - High throughput (continuous data updates, large file transfers)
15  *    with commodity shallow buffered switches
16  *
17  * The algorithm is described in detail in the following two papers:
18  *
19  * 1) Mohammad Alizadeh, Albert Greenberg, David A. Maltz, Jitendra Padhye,
20  *    Parveen Patel, Balaji Prabhakar, Sudipta Sengupta, and Murari Sridharan:
21  *      "Data Center TCP (DCTCP)", Data Center Networks session
22  *      Proc. ACM SIGCOMM, New Delhi, 2010.
23  *   http://simula.stanford.edu/~alizade/Site/DCTCP_files/dctcp-final.pdf
24  *
25  * 2) Mohammad Alizadeh, Adel Javanmard, and Balaji Prabhakar:
26  *      "Analysis of DCTCP: Stability, Convergence, and Fairness"
27  *      Proc. ACM SIGMETRICS, San Jose, 2011.
28  *   http://simula.stanford.edu/~alizade/Site/DCTCP_files/dctcp_analysis-full.pdf
29  *
30  * Initial prototype from Abdul Kabbani, Masato Yasuda and Mohammad Alizadeh.
31  *
32  * Authors:
33  *
34  *	Daniel Borkmann <dborkman@redhat.com>
35  *	Florian Westphal <fw@strlen.de>
36  *	Glenn Judd <glenn.judd@morganstanley.com>
37  */
38 
39 #include <linux/module.h>
40 #include <linux/mm.h>
41 #include <net/tcp.h>
42 #include <linux/inet_diag.h>
43 #include "tcp_dctcp.h"
44 
45 #define DCTCP_MAX_ALPHA	1024U
46 
47 struct dctcp {
48 	u32 old_delivered;
49 	u32 old_delivered_ce;
50 	u32 prior_rcv_nxt;
51 	u32 dctcp_alpha;
52 	u32 next_seq;
53 	u32 ce_state;
54 	u32 loss_cwnd;
55 };
56 
57 static unsigned int dctcp_shift_g __read_mostly = 4; /* g = 1/2^4 */
58 module_param(dctcp_shift_g, uint, 0644);
59 MODULE_PARM_DESC(dctcp_shift_g, "parameter g for updating dctcp_alpha");
60 
61 static unsigned int dctcp_alpha_on_init __read_mostly = DCTCP_MAX_ALPHA;
62 module_param(dctcp_alpha_on_init, uint, 0644);
63 MODULE_PARM_DESC(dctcp_alpha_on_init, "parameter for initial alpha value");
64 
65 static struct tcp_congestion_ops dctcp_reno;
66 
67 static void dctcp_reset(const struct tcp_sock *tp, struct dctcp *ca)
68 {
69 	ca->next_seq = tp->snd_nxt;
70 
71 	ca->old_delivered = tp->delivered;
72 	ca->old_delivered_ce = tp->delivered_ce;
73 }
74 
75 static void dctcp_init(struct sock *sk)
76 {
77 	const struct tcp_sock *tp = tcp_sk(sk);
78 
79 	if ((tp->ecn_flags & TCP_ECN_OK) ||
80 	    (sk->sk_state == TCP_LISTEN ||
81 	     sk->sk_state == TCP_CLOSE)) {
82 		struct dctcp *ca = inet_csk_ca(sk);
83 
84 		ca->prior_rcv_nxt = tp->rcv_nxt;
85 
86 		ca->dctcp_alpha = min(dctcp_alpha_on_init, DCTCP_MAX_ALPHA);
87 
88 		ca->loss_cwnd = 0;
89 		ca->ce_state = 0;
90 
91 		dctcp_reset(tp, ca);
92 		return;
93 	}
94 
95 	/* No ECN support? Fall back to Reno. Also need to clear
96 	 * ECT from sk since it is set during 3WHS for DCTCP.
97 	 */
98 	inet_csk(sk)->icsk_ca_ops = &dctcp_reno;
99 	INET_ECN_dontxmit(sk);
100 }
101 
102 static u32 dctcp_ssthresh(struct sock *sk)
103 {
104 	struct dctcp *ca = inet_csk_ca(sk);
105 	struct tcp_sock *tp = tcp_sk(sk);
106 
107 	ca->loss_cwnd = tp->snd_cwnd;
108 	return max(tp->snd_cwnd - ((tp->snd_cwnd * ca->dctcp_alpha) >> 11U), 2U);
109 }
110 
111 static void dctcp_update_alpha(struct sock *sk, u32 flags)
112 {
113 	const struct tcp_sock *tp = tcp_sk(sk);
114 	struct dctcp *ca = inet_csk_ca(sk);
115 
116 	/* Expired RTT */
117 	if (!before(tp->snd_una, ca->next_seq)) {
118 		u32 delivered_ce = tp->delivered_ce - ca->old_delivered_ce;
119 		u32 alpha = ca->dctcp_alpha;
120 
121 		/* alpha = (1 - g) * alpha + g * F */
122 
123 		alpha -= min_not_zero(alpha, alpha >> dctcp_shift_g);
124 		if (delivered_ce) {
125 			u32 delivered = tp->delivered - ca->old_delivered;
126 
127 			/* If dctcp_shift_g == 1, a 32bit value would overflow
128 			 * after 8 M packets.
129 			 */
130 			delivered_ce <<= (10 - dctcp_shift_g);
131 			delivered_ce /= max(1U, delivered);
132 
133 			alpha = min(alpha + delivered_ce, DCTCP_MAX_ALPHA);
134 		}
135 		/* dctcp_alpha can be read from dctcp_get_info() without
136 		 * synchro, so we ask compiler to not use dctcp_alpha
137 		 * as a temporary variable in prior operations.
138 		 */
139 		WRITE_ONCE(ca->dctcp_alpha, alpha);
140 		dctcp_reset(tp, ca);
141 	}
142 }
143 
144 static void dctcp_react_to_loss(struct sock *sk)
145 {
146 	struct dctcp *ca = inet_csk_ca(sk);
147 	struct tcp_sock *tp = tcp_sk(sk);
148 
149 	ca->loss_cwnd = tp->snd_cwnd;
150 	tp->snd_ssthresh = max(tp->snd_cwnd >> 1U, 2U);
151 }
152 
153 static void dctcp_state(struct sock *sk, u8 new_state)
154 {
155 	if (new_state == TCP_CA_Recovery &&
156 	    new_state != inet_csk(sk)->icsk_ca_state)
157 		dctcp_react_to_loss(sk);
158 	/* We handle RTO in dctcp_cwnd_event to ensure that we perform only
159 	 * one loss-adjustment per RTT.
160 	 */
161 }
162 
163 static void dctcp_cwnd_event(struct sock *sk, enum tcp_ca_event ev)
164 {
165 	struct dctcp *ca = inet_csk_ca(sk);
166 
167 	switch (ev) {
168 	case CA_EVENT_ECN_IS_CE:
169 	case CA_EVENT_ECN_NO_CE:
170 		dctcp_ece_ack_update(sk, ev, &ca->prior_rcv_nxt, &ca->ce_state);
171 		break;
172 	case CA_EVENT_LOSS:
173 		dctcp_react_to_loss(sk);
174 		break;
175 	default:
176 		/* Don't care for the rest. */
177 		break;
178 	}
179 }
180 
181 static size_t dctcp_get_info(struct sock *sk, u32 ext, int *attr,
182 			     union tcp_cc_info *info)
183 {
184 	const struct dctcp *ca = inet_csk_ca(sk);
185 	const struct tcp_sock *tp = tcp_sk(sk);
186 
187 	/* Fill it also in case of VEGASINFO due to req struct limits.
188 	 * We can still correctly retrieve it later.
189 	 */
190 	if (ext & (1 << (INET_DIAG_DCTCPINFO - 1)) ||
191 	    ext & (1 << (INET_DIAG_VEGASINFO - 1))) {
192 		memset(&info->dctcp, 0, sizeof(info->dctcp));
193 		if (inet_csk(sk)->icsk_ca_ops != &dctcp_reno) {
194 			info->dctcp.dctcp_enabled = 1;
195 			info->dctcp.dctcp_ce_state = (u16) ca->ce_state;
196 			info->dctcp.dctcp_alpha = ca->dctcp_alpha;
197 			info->dctcp.dctcp_ab_ecn = tp->mss_cache *
198 						   (tp->delivered_ce - ca->old_delivered_ce);
199 			info->dctcp.dctcp_ab_tot = tp->mss_cache *
200 						   (tp->delivered - ca->old_delivered);
201 		}
202 
203 		*attr = INET_DIAG_DCTCPINFO;
204 		return sizeof(info->dctcp);
205 	}
206 	return 0;
207 }
208 
209 static u32 dctcp_cwnd_undo(struct sock *sk)
210 {
211 	const struct dctcp *ca = inet_csk_ca(sk);
212 
213 	return max(tcp_sk(sk)->snd_cwnd, ca->loss_cwnd);
214 }
215 
216 static struct tcp_congestion_ops dctcp __read_mostly = {
217 	.init		= dctcp_init,
218 	.in_ack_event   = dctcp_update_alpha,
219 	.cwnd_event	= dctcp_cwnd_event,
220 	.ssthresh	= dctcp_ssthresh,
221 	.cong_avoid	= tcp_reno_cong_avoid,
222 	.undo_cwnd	= dctcp_cwnd_undo,
223 	.set_state	= dctcp_state,
224 	.get_info	= dctcp_get_info,
225 	.flags		= TCP_CONG_NEEDS_ECN,
226 	.owner		= THIS_MODULE,
227 	.name		= "dctcp",
228 };
229 
230 static struct tcp_congestion_ops dctcp_reno __read_mostly = {
231 	.ssthresh	= tcp_reno_ssthresh,
232 	.cong_avoid	= tcp_reno_cong_avoid,
233 	.undo_cwnd	= tcp_reno_undo_cwnd,
234 	.get_info	= dctcp_get_info,
235 	.owner		= THIS_MODULE,
236 	.name		= "dctcp-reno",
237 };
238 
239 static int __init dctcp_register(void)
240 {
241 	BUILD_BUG_ON(sizeof(struct dctcp) > ICSK_CA_PRIV_SIZE);
242 	return tcp_register_congestion_control(&dctcp);
243 }
244 
245 static void __exit dctcp_unregister(void)
246 {
247 	tcp_unregister_congestion_control(&dctcp);
248 }
249 
250 module_init(dctcp_register);
251 module_exit(dctcp_unregister);
252 
253 MODULE_AUTHOR("Daniel Borkmann <dborkman@redhat.com>");
254 MODULE_AUTHOR("Florian Westphal <fw@strlen.de>");
255 MODULE_AUTHOR("Glenn Judd <glenn.judd@morganstanley.com>");
256 
257 MODULE_LICENSE("GPL v2");
258 MODULE_DESCRIPTION("DataCenter TCP (DCTCP)");
259