xref: /linux/net/bridge/br_stp.c (revision b77e0ce62d63a761ffb7f7245a215a49f5921c2f)
1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
2 /*
3  *	Spanning tree protocol; generic parts
4  *	Linux ethernet bridge
5  *
6  *	Authors:
7  *	Lennert Buytenhek		<buytenh@gnu.org>
8  */
9 #include <linux/kernel.h>
10 #include <linux/rculist.h>
11 #include <net/switchdev.h>
12 
13 #include "br_private.h"
14 #include "br_private_stp.h"
15 
16 /* since time values in bpdu are in jiffies and then scaled (1/256)
17  * before sending, make sure that is at least one STP tick.
18  */
19 #define MESSAGE_AGE_INCR	((HZ / 256) + 1)
20 
21 static const char *const br_port_state_names[] = {
22 	[BR_STATE_DISABLED] = "disabled",
23 	[BR_STATE_LISTENING] = "listening",
24 	[BR_STATE_LEARNING] = "learning",
25 	[BR_STATE_FORWARDING] = "forwarding",
26 	[BR_STATE_BLOCKING] = "blocking",
27 };
28 
29 void br_set_state(struct net_bridge_port *p, unsigned int state)
30 {
31 	struct switchdev_attr attr = {
32 		.orig_dev = p->dev,
33 		.id = SWITCHDEV_ATTR_ID_PORT_STP_STATE,
34 		.flags = SWITCHDEV_F_DEFER,
35 		.u.stp_state = state,
36 	};
37 	int err;
38 
39 	/* Don't change the state of the ports if they are driven by a different
40 	 * protocol.
41 	 */
42 	if (p->flags & BR_MRP_AWARE)
43 		return;
44 
45 	p->state = state;
46 	err = switchdev_port_attr_set(p->dev, &attr, NULL);
47 	if (err && err != -EOPNOTSUPP)
48 		br_warn(p->br, "error setting offload STP state on port %u(%s)\n",
49 				(unsigned int) p->port_no, p->dev->name);
50 	else
51 		br_info(p->br, "port %u(%s) entered %s state\n",
52 				(unsigned int) p->port_no, p->dev->name,
53 				br_port_state_names[p->state]);
54 
55 	if (p->br->stp_enabled == BR_KERNEL_STP) {
56 		switch (p->state) {
57 		case BR_STATE_BLOCKING:
58 			p->stp_xstats.transition_blk++;
59 			break;
60 		case BR_STATE_FORWARDING:
61 			p->stp_xstats.transition_fwd++;
62 			break;
63 		}
64 	}
65 }
66 
67 /* called under bridge lock */
68 struct net_bridge_port *br_get_port(struct net_bridge *br, u16 port_no)
69 {
70 	struct net_bridge_port *p;
71 
72 	list_for_each_entry_rcu(p, &br->port_list, list,
73 				lockdep_is_held(&br->lock)) {
74 		if (p->port_no == port_no)
75 			return p;
76 	}
77 
78 	return NULL;
79 }
80 
81 /* called under bridge lock */
82 static int br_should_become_root_port(const struct net_bridge_port *p,
83 				      u16 root_port)
84 {
85 	struct net_bridge *br;
86 	struct net_bridge_port *rp;
87 	int t;
88 
89 	br = p->br;
90 	if (p->state == BR_STATE_DISABLED ||
91 	    br_is_designated_port(p))
92 		return 0;
93 
94 	if (memcmp(&br->bridge_id, &p->designated_root, 8) <= 0)
95 		return 0;
96 
97 	if (!root_port)
98 		return 1;
99 
100 	rp = br_get_port(br, root_port);
101 
102 	t = memcmp(&p->designated_root, &rp->designated_root, 8);
103 	if (t < 0)
104 		return 1;
105 	else if (t > 0)
106 		return 0;
107 
108 	if (p->designated_cost + p->path_cost <
109 	    rp->designated_cost + rp->path_cost)
110 		return 1;
111 	else if (p->designated_cost + p->path_cost >
112 		 rp->designated_cost + rp->path_cost)
113 		return 0;
114 
115 	t = memcmp(&p->designated_bridge, &rp->designated_bridge, 8);
116 	if (t < 0)
117 		return 1;
118 	else if (t > 0)
119 		return 0;
120 
121 	if (p->designated_port < rp->designated_port)
122 		return 1;
123 	else if (p->designated_port > rp->designated_port)
124 		return 0;
125 
126 	if (p->port_id < rp->port_id)
127 		return 1;
128 
129 	return 0;
130 }
131 
132 static void br_root_port_block(const struct net_bridge *br,
133 			       struct net_bridge_port *p)
134 {
135 
136 	br_notice(br, "port %u(%s) tried to become root port (blocked)",
137 		  (unsigned int) p->port_no, p->dev->name);
138 
139 	br_set_state(p, BR_STATE_LISTENING);
140 	br_ifinfo_notify(RTM_NEWLINK, NULL, p);
141 
142 	if (br->forward_delay > 0)
143 		mod_timer(&p->forward_delay_timer, jiffies + br->forward_delay);
144 }
145 
146 /* called under bridge lock */
147 static void br_root_selection(struct net_bridge *br)
148 {
149 	struct net_bridge_port *p;
150 	u16 root_port = 0;
151 
152 	list_for_each_entry(p, &br->port_list, list) {
153 		if (!br_should_become_root_port(p, root_port))
154 			continue;
155 
156 		if (p->flags & BR_ROOT_BLOCK)
157 			br_root_port_block(br, p);
158 		else
159 			root_port = p->port_no;
160 	}
161 
162 	br->root_port = root_port;
163 
164 	if (!root_port) {
165 		br->designated_root = br->bridge_id;
166 		br->root_path_cost = 0;
167 	} else {
168 		p = br_get_port(br, root_port);
169 		br->designated_root = p->designated_root;
170 		br->root_path_cost = p->designated_cost + p->path_cost;
171 	}
172 }
173 
174 /* called under bridge lock */
175 void br_become_root_bridge(struct net_bridge *br)
176 {
177 	br->max_age = br->bridge_max_age;
178 	br->hello_time = br->bridge_hello_time;
179 	br->forward_delay = br->bridge_forward_delay;
180 	br_topology_change_detection(br);
181 	del_timer(&br->tcn_timer);
182 
183 	if (br->dev->flags & IFF_UP) {
184 		br_config_bpdu_generation(br);
185 		mod_timer(&br->hello_timer, jiffies + br->hello_time);
186 	}
187 }
188 
189 /* called under bridge lock */
190 void br_transmit_config(struct net_bridge_port *p)
191 {
192 	struct br_config_bpdu bpdu;
193 	struct net_bridge *br;
194 
195 	if (timer_pending(&p->hold_timer)) {
196 		p->config_pending = 1;
197 		return;
198 	}
199 
200 	br = p->br;
201 
202 	bpdu.topology_change = br->topology_change;
203 	bpdu.topology_change_ack = p->topology_change_ack;
204 	bpdu.root = br->designated_root;
205 	bpdu.root_path_cost = br->root_path_cost;
206 	bpdu.bridge_id = br->bridge_id;
207 	bpdu.port_id = p->port_id;
208 	if (br_is_root_bridge(br))
209 		bpdu.message_age = 0;
210 	else {
211 		struct net_bridge_port *root
212 			= br_get_port(br, br->root_port);
213 		bpdu.message_age = (jiffies - root->designated_age)
214 			+ MESSAGE_AGE_INCR;
215 	}
216 	bpdu.max_age = br->max_age;
217 	bpdu.hello_time = br->hello_time;
218 	bpdu.forward_delay = br->forward_delay;
219 
220 	if (bpdu.message_age < br->max_age) {
221 		br_send_config_bpdu(p, &bpdu);
222 		p->topology_change_ack = 0;
223 		p->config_pending = 0;
224 		if (p->br->stp_enabled == BR_KERNEL_STP)
225 			mod_timer(&p->hold_timer,
226 				  round_jiffies(jiffies + BR_HOLD_TIME));
227 	}
228 }
229 
230 /* called under bridge lock */
231 static void br_record_config_information(struct net_bridge_port *p,
232 					 const struct br_config_bpdu *bpdu)
233 {
234 	p->designated_root = bpdu->root;
235 	p->designated_cost = bpdu->root_path_cost;
236 	p->designated_bridge = bpdu->bridge_id;
237 	p->designated_port = bpdu->port_id;
238 	p->designated_age = jiffies - bpdu->message_age;
239 
240 	mod_timer(&p->message_age_timer, jiffies
241 		  + (bpdu->max_age - bpdu->message_age));
242 }
243 
244 /* called under bridge lock */
245 static void br_record_config_timeout_values(struct net_bridge *br,
246 					    const struct br_config_bpdu *bpdu)
247 {
248 	br->max_age = bpdu->max_age;
249 	br->hello_time = bpdu->hello_time;
250 	br->forward_delay = bpdu->forward_delay;
251 	__br_set_topology_change(br, bpdu->topology_change);
252 }
253 
254 /* called under bridge lock */
255 void br_transmit_tcn(struct net_bridge *br)
256 {
257 	struct net_bridge_port *p;
258 
259 	p = br_get_port(br, br->root_port);
260 	if (p)
261 		br_send_tcn_bpdu(p);
262 	else
263 		br_notice(br, "root port %u not found for topology notice\n",
264 			  br->root_port);
265 }
266 
267 /* called under bridge lock */
268 static int br_should_become_designated_port(const struct net_bridge_port *p)
269 {
270 	struct net_bridge *br;
271 	int t;
272 
273 	br = p->br;
274 	if (br_is_designated_port(p))
275 		return 1;
276 
277 	if (memcmp(&p->designated_root, &br->designated_root, 8))
278 		return 1;
279 
280 	if (br->root_path_cost < p->designated_cost)
281 		return 1;
282 	else if (br->root_path_cost > p->designated_cost)
283 		return 0;
284 
285 	t = memcmp(&br->bridge_id, &p->designated_bridge, 8);
286 	if (t < 0)
287 		return 1;
288 	else if (t > 0)
289 		return 0;
290 
291 	if (p->port_id < p->designated_port)
292 		return 1;
293 
294 	return 0;
295 }
296 
297 /* called under bridge lock */
298 static void br_designated_port_selection(struct net_bridge *br)
299 {
300 	struct net_bridge_port *p;
301 
302 	list_for_each_entry(p, &br->port_list, list) {
303 		if (p->state != BR_STATE_DISABLED &&
304 		    br_should_become_designated_port(p))
305 			br_become_designated_port(p);
306 
307 	}
308 }
309 
310 /* called under bridge lock */
311 static int br_supersedes_port_info(const struct net_bridge_port *p,
312 				   const struct br_config_bpdu *bpdu)
313 {
314 	int t;
315 
316 	t = memcmp(&bpdu->root, &p->designated_root, 8);
317 	if (t < 0)
318 		return 1;
319 	else if (t > 0)
320 		return 0;
321 
322 	if (bpdu->root_path_cost < p->designated_cost)
323 		return 1;
324 	else if (bpdu->root_path_cost > p->designated_cost)
325 		return 0;
326 
327 	t = memcmp(&bpdu->bridge_id, &p->designated_bridge, 8);
328 	if (t < 0)
329 		return 1;
330 	else if (t > 0)
331 		return 0;
332 
333 	if (memcmp(&bpdu->bridge_id, &p->br->bridge_id, 8))
334 		return 1;
335 
336 	if (bpdu->port_id <= p->designated_port)
337 		return 1;
338 
339 	return 0;
340 }
341 
342 /* called under bridge lock */
343 static void br_topology_change_acknowledged(struct net_bridge *br)
344 {
345 	br->topology_change_detected = 0;
346 	del_timer(&br->tcn_timer);
347 }
348 
349 /* called under bridge lock */
350 void br_topology_change_detection(struct net_bridge *br)
351 {
352 	int isroot = br_is_root_bridge(br);
353 
354 	if (br->stp_enabled != BR_KERNEL_STP)
355 		return;
356 
357 	br_info(br, "topology change detected, %s\n",
358 		isroot ? "propagating" : "sending tcn bpdu");
359 
360 	if (isroot) {
361 		__br_set_topology_change(br, 1);
362 		mod_timer(&br->topology_change_timer, jiffies
363 			  + br->bridge_forward_delay + br->bridge_max_age);
364 	} else if (!br->topology_change_detected) {
365 		br_transmit_tcn(br);
366 		mod_timer(&br->tcn_timer, jiffies + br->bridge_hello_time);
367 	}
368 
369 	br->topology_change_detected = 1;
370 }
371 
372 /* called under bridge lock */
373 void br_config_bpdu_generation(struct net_bridge *br)
374 {
375 	struct net_bridge_port *p;
376 
377 	list_for_each_entry(p, &br->port_list, list) {
378 		if (p->state != BR_STATE_DISABLED &&
379 		    br_is_designated_port(p))
380 			br_transmit_config(p);
381 	}
382 }
383 
384 /* called under bridge lock */
385 static void br_reply(struct net_bridge_port *p)
386 {
387 	br_transmit_config(p);
388 }
389 
390 /* called under bridge lock */
391 void br_configuration_update(struct net_bridge *br)
392 {
393 	br_root_selection(br);
394 	br_designated_port_selection(br);
395 }
396 
397 /* called under bridge lock */
398 void br_become_designated_port(struct net_bridge_port *p)
399 {
400 	struct net_bridge *br;
401 
402 	br = p->br;
403 	p->designated_root = br->designated_root;
404 	p->designated_cost = br->root_path_cost;
405 	p->designated_bridge = br->bridge_id;
406 	p->designated_port = p->port_id;
407 }
408 
409 
410 /* called under bridge lock */
411 static void br_make_blocking(struct net_bridge_port *p)
412 {
413 	if (p->state != BR_STATE_DISABLED &&
414 	    p->state != BR_STATE_BLOCKING) {
415 		if (p->state == BR_STATE_FORWARDING ||
416 		    p->state == BR_STATE_LEARNING)
417 			br_topology_change_detection(p->br);
418 
419 		br_set_state(p, BR_STATE_BLOCKING);
420 		br_ifinfo_notify(RTM_NEWLINK, NULL, p);
421 
422 		del_timer(&p->forward_delay_timer);
423 	}
424 }
425 
426 /* called under bridge lock */
427 static void br_make_forwarding(struct net_bridge_port *p)
428 {
429 	struct net_bridge *br = p->br;
430 
431 	if (p->state != BR_STATE_BLOCKING)
432 		return;
433 
434 	if (br->stp_enabled == BR_NO_STP || br->forward_delay == 0) {
435 		br_set_state(p, BR_STATE_FORWARDING);
436 		br_topology_change_detection(br);
437 		del_timer(&p->forward_delay_timer);
438 	} else if (br->stp_enabled == BR_KERNEL_STP)
439 		br_set_state(p, BR_STATE_LISTENING);
440 	else
441 		br_set_state(p, BR_STATE_LEARNING);
442 
443 	br_ifinfo_notify(RTM_NEWLINK, NULL, p);
444 
445 	if (br->forward_delay != 0)
446 		mod_timer(&p->forward_delay_timer, jiffies + br->forward_delay);
447 }
448 
449 /* called under bridge lock */
450 void br_port_state_selection(struct net_bridge *br)
451 {
452 	struct net_bridge_port *p;
453 	unsigned int liveports = 0;
454 
455 	list_for_each_entry(p, &br->port_list, list) {
456 		if (p->state == BR_STATE_DISABLED)
457 			continue;
458 
459 		/* Don't change port states if userspace is handling STP */
460 		if (br->stp_enabled != BR_USER_STP) {
461 			if (p->port_no == br->root_port) {
462 				p->config_pending = 0;
463 				p->topology_change_ack = 0;
464 				br_make_forwarding(p);
465 			} else if (br_is_designated_port(p)) {
466 				del_timer(&p->message_age_timer);
467 				br_make_forwarding(p);
468 			} else {
469 				p->config_pending = 0;
470 				p->topology_change_ack = 0;
471 				br_make_blocking(p);
472 			}
473 		}
474 
475 		if (p->state != BR_STATE_BLOCKING)
476 			br_multicast_enable_port(p);
477 		/* Multicast is not disabled for the port when it goes in
478 		 * blocking state because the timers will expire and stop by
479 		 * themselves without sending more queries.
480 		 */
481 		if (p->state == BR_STATE_FORWARDING)
482 			++liveports;
483 	}
484 
485 	if (liveports == 0)
486 		netif_carrier_off(br->dev);
487 	else
488 		netif_carrier_on(br->dev);
489 }
490 
491 /* called under bridge lock */
492 static void br_topology_change_acknowledge(struct net_bridge_port *p)
493 {
494 	p->topology_change_ack = 1;
495 	br_transmit_config(p);
496 }
497 
498 /* called under bridge lock */
499 void br_received_config_bpdu(struct net_bridge_port *p,
500 			     const struct br_config_bpdu *bpdu)
501 {
502 	struct net_bridge *br;
503 	int was_root;
504 
505 	p->stp_xstats.rx_bpdu++;
506 
507 	br = p->br;
508 	was_root = br_is_root_bridge(br);
509 
510 	if (br_supersedes_port_info(p, bpdu)) {
511 		br_record_config_information(p, bpdu);
512 		br_configuration_update(br);
513 		br_port_state_selection(br);
514 
515 		if (!br_is_root_bridge(br) && was_root) {
516 			del_timer(&br->hello_timer);
517 			if (br->topology_change_detected) {
518 				del_timer(&br->topology_change_timer);
519 				br_transmit_tcn(br);
520 
521 				mod_timer(&br->tcn_timer,
522 					  jiffies + br->bridge_hello_time);
523 			}
524 		}
525 
526 		if (p->port_no == br->root_port) {
527 			br_record_config_timeout_values(br, bpdu);
528 			br_config_bpdu_generation(br);
529 			if (bpdu->topology_change_ack)
530 				br_topology_change_acknowledged(br);
531 		}
532 	} else if (br_is_designated_port(p)) {
533 		br_reply(p);
534 	}
535 }
536 
537 /* called under bridge lock */
538 void br_received_tcn_bpdu(struct net_bridge_port *p)
539 {
540 	p->stp_xstats.rx_tcn++;
541 
542 	if (br_is_designated_port(p)) {
543 		br_info(p->br, "port %u(%s) received tcn bpdu\n",
544 			(unsigned int) p->port_no, p->dev->name);
545 
546 		br_topology_change_detection(p->br);
547 		br_topology_change_acknowledge(p);
548 	}
549 }
550 
551 /* Change bridge STP parameter */
552 int br_set_hello_time(struct net_bridge *br, unsigned long val)
553 {
554 	unsigned long t = clock_t_to_jiffies(val);
555 
556 	if (t < BR_MIN_HELLO_TIME || t > BR_MAX_HELLO_TIME)
557 		return -ERANGE;
558 
559 	spin_lock_bh(&br->lock);
560 	br->bridge_hello_time = t;
561 	if (br_is_root_bridge(br))
562 		br->hello_time = br->bridge_hello_time;
563 	spin_unlock_bh(&br->lock);
564 	return 0;
565 }
566 
567 int br_set_max_age(struct net_bridge *br, unsigned long val)
568 {
569 	unsigned long t = clock_t_to_jiffies(val);
570 
571 	if (t < BR_MIN_MAX_AGE || t > BR_MAX_MAX_AGE)
572 		return -ERANGE;
573 
574 	spin_lock_bh(&br->lock);
575 	br->bridge_max_age = t;
576 	if (br_is_root_bridge(br))
577 		br->max_age = br->bridge_max_age;
578 	spin_unlock_bh(&br->lock);
579 	return 0;
580 
581 }
582 
583 /* called under bridge lock */
584 int __set_ageing_time(struct net_device *dev, unsigned long t)
585 {
586 	struct switchdev_attr attr = {
587 		.orig_dev = dev,
588 		.id = SWITCHDEV_ATTR_ID_BRIDGE_AGEING_TIME,
589 		.flags = SWITCHDEV_F_SKIP_EOPNOTSUPP | SWITCHDEV_F_DEFER,
590 		.u.ageing_time = jiffies_to_clock_t(t),
591 	};
592 	int err;
593 
594 	err = switchdev_port_attr_set(dev, &attr, NULL);
595 	if (err && err != -EOPNOTSUPP)
596 		return err;
597 
598 	return 0;
599 }
600 
601 /* Set time interval that dynamic forwarding entries live
602  * For pure software bridge, allow values outside the 802.1
603  * standard specification for special cases:
604  *  0 - entry never ages (all permanent)
605  *  1 - entry disappears (no persistence)
606  *
607  * Offloaded switch entries maybe more restrictive
608  */
609 int br_set_ageing_time(struct net_bridge *br, clock_t ageing_time)
610 {
611 	unsigned long t = clock_t_to_jiffies(ageing_time);
612 	int err;
613 
614 	err = __set_ageing_time(br->dev, t);
615 	if (err)
616 		return err;
617 
618 	spin_lock_bh(&br->lock);
619 	br->bridge_ageing_time = t;
620 	br->ageing_time = t;
621 	spin_unlock_bh(&br->lock);
622 
623 	mod_delayed_work(system_long_wq, &br->gc_work, 0);
624 
625 	return 0;
626 }
627 
628 /* called under bridge lock */
629 void __br_set_topology_change(struct net_bridge *br, unsigned char val)
630 {
631 	unsigned long t;
632 	int err;
633 
634 	if (br->stp_enabled == BR_KERNEL_STP && br->topology_change != val) {
635 		/* On topology change, set the bridge ageing time to twice the
636 		 * forward delay. Otherwise, restore its default ageing time.
637 		 */
638 
639 		if (val) {
640 			t = 2 * br->forward_delay;
641 			br_debug(br, "decreasing ageing time to %lu\n", t);
642 		} else {
643 			t = br->bridge_ageing_time;
644 			br_debug(br, "restoring ageing time to %lu\n", t);
645 		}
646 
647 		err = __set_ageing_time(br->dev, t);
648 		if (err)
649 			br_warn(br, "error offloading ageing time\n");
650 		else
651 			br->ageing_time = t;
652 	}
653 
654 	br->topology_change = val;
655 }
656 
657 void __br_set_forward_delay(struct net_bridge *br, unsigned long t)
658 {
659 	br->bridge_forward_delay = t;
660 	if (br_is_root_bridge(br))
661 		br->forward_delay = br->bridge_forward_delay;
662 }
663 
664 int br_set_forward_delay(struct net_bridge *br, unsigned long val)
665 {
666 	unsigned long t = clock_t_to_jiffies(val);
667 	int err = -ERANGE;
668 
669 	spin_lock_bh(&br->lock);
670 	if (br->stp_enabled != BR_NO_STP &&
671 	    (t < BR_MIN_FORWARD_DELAY || t > BR_MAX_FORWARD_DELAY))
672 		goto unlock;
673 
674 	__br_set_forward_delay(br, t);
675 	err = 0;
676 
677 unlock:
678 	spin_unlock_bh(&br->lock);
679 	return err;
680 }
681