xref: /linux/net/bridge/br_stp.c (revision b7019ac550eb3916f34d79db583e9b7ea2524afa)
1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
2 /*
3  *	Spanning tree protocol; generic parts
4  *	Linux ethernet bridge
5  *
6  *	Authors:
7  *	Lennert Buytenhek		<buytenh@gnu.org>
8  */
9 #include <linux/kernel.h>
10 #include <linux/rculist.h>
11 #include <net/switchdev.h>
12 
13 #include "br_private.h"
14 #include "br_private_stp.h"
15 
16 /* since time values in bpdu are in jiffies and then scaled (1/256)
17  * before sending, make sure that is at least one STP tick.
18  */
19 #define MESSAGE_AGE_INCR	((HZ / 256) + 1)
20 
21 static const char *const br_port_state_names[] = {
22 	[BR_STATE_DISABLED] = "disabled",
23 	[BR_STATE_LISTENING] = "listening",
24 	[BR_STATE_LEARNING] = "learning",
25 	[BR_STATE_FORWARDING] = "forwarding",
26 	[BR_STATE_BLOCKING] = "blocking",
27 };
28 
29 void br_set_state(struct net_bridge_port *p, unsigned int state)
30 {
31 	struct switchdev_attr attr = {
32 		.orig_dev = p->dev,
33 		.id = SWITCHDEV_ATTR_ID_PORT_STP_STATE,
34 		.flags = SWITCHDEV_F_DEFER,
35 		.u.stp_state = state,
36 	};
37 	int err;
38 
39 	p->state = state;
40 	err = switchdev_port_attr_set(p->dev, &attr);
41 	if (err && err != -EOPNOTSUPP)
42 		br_warn(p->br, "error setting offload STP state on port %u(%s)\n",
43 				(unsigned int) p->port_no, p->dev->name);
44 	else
45 		br_info(p->br, "port %u(%s) entered %s state\n",
46 				(unsigned int) p->port_no, p->dev->name,
47 				br_port_state_names[p->state]);
48 }
49 
50 /* called under bridge lock */
51 struct net_bridge_port *br_get_port(struct net_bridge *br, u16 port_no)
52 {
53 	struct net_bridge_port *p;
54 
55 	list_for_each_entry_rcu(p, &br->port_list, list) {
56 		if (p->port_no == port_no)
57 			return p;
58 	}
59 
60 	return NULL;
61 }
62 
63 /* called under bridge lock */
64 static int br_should_become_root_port(const struct net_bridge_port *p,
65 				      u16 root_port)
66 {
67 	struct net_bridge *br;
68 	struct net_bridge_port *rp;
69 	int t;
70 
71 	br = p->br;
72 	if (p->state == BR_STATE_DISABLED ||
73 	    br_is_designated_port(p))
74 		return 0;
75 
76 	if (memcmp(&br->bridge_id, &p->designated_root, 8) <= 0)
77 		return 0;
78 
79 	if (!root_port)
80 		return 1;
81 
82 	rp = br_get_port(br, root_port);
83 
84 	t = memcmp(&p->designated_root, &rp->designated_root, 8);
85 	if (t < 0)
86 		return 1;
87 	else if (t > 0)
88 		return 0;
89 
90 	if (p->designated_cost + p->path_cost <
91 	    rp->designated_cost + rp->path_cost)
92 		return 1;
93 	else if (p->designated_cost + p->path_cost >
94 		 rp->designated_cost + rp->path_cost)
95 		return 0;
96 
97 	t = memcmp(&p->designated_bridge, &rp->designated_bridge, 8);
98 	if (t < 0)
99 		return 1;
100 	else if (t > 0)
101 		return 0;
102 
103 	if (p->designated_port < rp->designated_port)
104 		return 1;
105 	else if (p->designated_port > rp->designated_port)
106 		return 0;
107 
108 	if (p->port_id < rp->port_id)
109 		return 1;
110 
111 	return 0;
112 }
113 
114 static void br_root_port_block(const struct net_bridge *br,
115 			       struct net_bridge_port *p)
116 {
117 
118 	br_notice(br, "port %u(%s) tried to become root port (blocked)",
119 		  (unsigned int) p->port_no, p->dev->name);
120 
121 	br_set_state(p, BR_STATE_LISTENING);
122 	br_ifinfo_notify(RTM_NEWLINK, NULL, p);
123 
124 	if (br->forward_delay > 0)
125 		mod_timer(&p->forward_delay_timer, jiffies + br->forward_delay);
126 }
127 
128 /* called under bridge lock */
129 static void br_root_selection(struct net_bridge *br)
130 {
131 	struct net_bridge_port *p;
132 	u16 root_port = 0;
133 
134 	list_for_each_entry(p, &br->port_list, list) {
135 		if (!br_should_become_root_port(p, root_port))
136 			continue;
137 
138 		if (p->flags & BR_ROOT_BLOCK)
139 			br_root_port_block(br, p);
140 		else
141 			root_port = p->port_no;
142 	}
143 
144 	br->root_port = root_port;
145 
146 	if (!root_port) {
147 		br->designated_root = br->bridge_id;
148 		br->root_path_cost = 0;
149 	} else {
150 		p = br_get_port(br, root_port);
151 		br->designated_root = p->designated_root;
152 		br->root_path_cost = p->designated_cost + p->path_cost;
153 	}
154 }
155 
156 /* called under bridge lock */
157 void br_become_root_bridge(struct net_bridge *br)
158 {
159 	br->max_age = br->bridge_max_age;
160 	br->hello_time = br->bridge_hello_time;
161 	br->forward_delay = br->bridge_forward_delay;
162 	br_topology_change_detection(br);
163 	del_timer(&br->tcn_timer);
164 
165 	if (br->dev->flags & IFF_UP) {
166 		br_config_bpdu_generation(br);
167 		mod_timer(&br->hello_timer, jiffies + br->hello_time);
168 	}
169 }
170 
171 /* called under bridge lock */
172 void br_transmit_config(struct net_bridge_port *p)
173 {
174 	struct br_config_bpdu bpdu;
175 	struct net_bridge *br;
176 
177 	if (timer_pending(&p->hold_timer)) {
178 		p->config_pending = 1;
179 		return;
180 	}
181 
182 	br = p->br;
183 
184 	bpdu.topology_change = br->topology_change;
185 	bpdu.topology_change_ack = p->topology_change_ack;
186 	bpdu.root = br->designated_root;
187 	bpdu.root_path_cost = br->root_path_cost;
188 	bpdu.bridge_id = br->bridge_id;
189 	bpdu.port_id = p->port_id;
190 	if (br_is_root_bridge(br))
191 		bpdu.message_age = 0;
192 	else {
193 		struct net_bridge_port *root
194 			= br_get_port(br, br->root_port);
195 		bpdu.message_age = (jiffies - root->designated_age)
196 			+ MESSAGE_AGE_INCR;
197 	}
198 	bpdu.max_age = br->max_age;
199 	bpdu.hello_time = br->hello_time;
200 	bpdu.forward_delay = br->forward_delay;
201 
202 	if (bpdu.message_age < br->max_age) {
203 		br_send_config_bpdu(p, &bpdu);
204 		p->topology_change_ack = 0;
205 		p->config_pending = 0;
206 		if (p->br->stp_enabled == BR_KERNEL_STP)
207 			mod_timer(&p->hold_timer,
208 				  round_jiffies(jiffies + BR_HOLD_TIME));
209 	}
210 }
211 
212 /* called under bridge lock */
213 static void br_record_config_information(struct net_bridge_port *p,
214 					 const struct br_config_bpdu *bpdu)
215 {
216 	p->designated_root = bpdu->root;
217 	p->designated_cost = bpdu->root_path_cost;
218 	p->designated_bridge = bpdu->bridge_id;
219 	p->designated_port = bpdu->port_id;
220 	p->designated_age = jiffies - bpdu->message_age;
221 
222 	mod_timer(&p->message_age_timer, jiffies
223 		  + (bpdu->max_age - bpdu->message_age));
224 }
225 
226 /* called under bridge lock */
227 static void br_record_config_timeout_values(struct net_bridge *br,
228 					    const struct br_config_bpdu *bpdu)
229 {
230 	br->max_age = bpdu->max_age;
231 	br->hello_time = bpdu->hello_time;
232 	br->forward_delay = bpdu->forward_delay;
233 	__br_set_topology_change(br, bpdu->topology_change);
234 }
235 
236 /* called under bridge lock */
237 void br_transmit_tcn(struct net_bridge *br)
238 {
239 	struct net_bridge_port *p;
240 
241 	p = br_get_port(br, br->root_port);
242 	if (p)
243 		br_send_tcn_bpdu(p);
244 	else
245 		br_notice(br, "root port %u not found for topology notice\n",
246 			  br->root_port);
247 }
248 
249 /* called under bridge lock */
250 static int br_should_become_designated_port(const struct net_bridge_port *p)
251 {
252 	struct net_bridge *br;
253 	int t;
254 
255 	br = p->br;
256 	if (br_is_designated_port(p))
257 		return 1;
258 
259 	if (memcmp(&p->designated_root, &br->designated_root, 8))
260 		return 1;
261 
262 	if (br->root_path_cost < p->designated_cost)
263 		return 1;
264 	else if (br->root_path_cost > p->designated_cost)
265 		return 0;
266 
267 	t = memcmp(&br->bridge_id, &p->designated_bridge, 8);
268 	if (t < 0)
269 		return 1;
270 	else if (t > 0)
271 		return 0;
272 
273 	if (p->port_id < p->designated_port)
274 		return 1;
275 
276 	return 0;
277 }
278 
279 /* called under bridge lock */
280 static void br_designated_port_selection(struct net_bridge *br)
281 {
282 	struct net_bridge_port *p;
283 
284 	list_for_each_entry(p, &br->port_list, list) {
285 		if (p->state != BR_STATE_DISABLED &&
286 		    br_should_become_designated_port(p))
287 			br_become_designated_port(p);
288 
289 	}
290 }
291 
292 /* called under bridge lock */
293 static int br_supersedes_port_info(const struct net_bridge_port *p,
294 				   const struct br_config_bpdu *bpdu)
295 {
296 	int t;
297 
298 	t = memcmp(&bpdu->root, &p->designated_root, 8);
299 	if (t < 0)
300 		return 1;
301 	else if (t > 0)
302 		return 0;
303 
304 	if (bpdu->root_path_cost < p->designated_cost)
305 		return 1;
306 	else if (bpdu->root_path_cost > p->designated_cost)
307 		return 0;
308 
309 	t = memcmp(&bpdu->bridge_id, &p->designated_bridge, 8);
310 	if (t < 0)
311 		return 1;
312 	else if (t > 0)
313 		return 0;
314 
315 	if (memcmp(&bpdu->bridge_id, &p->br->bridge_id, 8))
316 		return 1;
317 
318 	if (bpdu->port_id <= p->designated_port)
319 		return 1;
320 
321 	return 0;
322 }
323 
324 /* called under bridge lock */
325 static void br_topology_change_acknowledged(struct net_bridge *br)
326 {
327 	br->topology_change_detected = 0;
328 	del_timer(&br->tcn_timer);
329 }
330 
331 /* called under bridge lock */
332 void br_topology_change_detection(struct net_bridge *br)
333 {
334 	int isroot = br_is_root_bridge(br);
335 
336 	if (br->stp_enabled != BR_KERNEL_STP)
337 		return;
338 
339 	br_info(br, "topology change detected, %s\n",
340 		isroot ? "propagating" : "sending tcn bpdu");
341 
342 	if (isroot) {
343 		__br_set_topology_change(br, 1);
344 		mod_timer(&br->topology_change_timer, jiffies
345 			  + br->bridge_forward_delay + br->bridge_max_age);
346 	} else if (!br->topology_change_detected) {
347 		br_transmit_tcn(br);
348 		mod_timer(&br->tcn_timer, jiffies + br->bridge_hello_time);
349 	}
350 
351 	br->topology_change_detected = 1;
352 }
353 
354 /* called under bridge lock */
355 void br_config_bpdu_generation(struct net_bridge *br)
356 {
357 	struct net_bridge_port *p;
358 
359 	list_for_each_entry(p, &br->port_list, list) {
360 		if (p->state != BR_STATE_DISABLED &&
361 		    br_is_designated_port(p))
362 			br_transmit_config(p);
363 	}
364 }
365 
366 /* called under bridge lock */
367 static void br_reply(struct net_bridge_port *p)
368 {
369 	br_transmit_config(p);
370 }
371 
372 /* called under bridge lock */
373 void br_configuration_update(struct net_bridge *br)
374 {
375 	br_root_selection(br);
376 	br_designated_port_selection(br);
377 }
378 
379 /* called under bridge lock */
380 void br_become_designated_port(struct net_bridge_port *p)
381 {
382 	struct net_bridge *br;
383 
384 	br = p->br;
385 	p->designated_root = br->designated_root;
386 	p->designated_cost = br->root_path_cost;
387 	p->designated_bridge = br->bridge_id;
388 	p->designated_port = p->port_id;
389 }
390 
391 
392 /* called under bridge lock */
393 static void br_make_blocking(struct net_bridge_port *p)
394 {
395 	if (p->state != BR_STATE_DISABLED &&
396 	    p->state != BR_STATE_BLOCKING) {
397 		if (p->state == BR_STATE_FORWARDING ||
398 		    p->state == BR_STATE_LEARNING)
399 			br_topology_change_detection(p->br);
400 
401 		br_set_state(p, BR_STATE_BLOCKING);
402 		br_ifinfo_notify(RTM_NEWLINK, NULL, p);
403 
404 		del_timer(&p->forward_delay_timer);
405 	}
406 }
407 
408 /* called under bridge lock */
409 static void br_make_forwarding(struct net_bridge_port *p)
410 {
411 	struct net_bridge *br = p->br;
412 
413 	if (p->state != BR_STATE_BLOCKING)
414 		return;
415 
416 	if (br->stp_enabled == BR_NO_STP || br->forward_delay == 0) {
417 		br_set_state(p, BR_STATE_FORWARDING);
418 		br_topology_change_detection(br);
419 		del_timer(&p->forward_delay_timer);
420 	} else if (br->stp_enabled == BR_KERNEL_STP)
421 		br_set_state(p, BR_STATE_LISTENING);
422 	else
423 		br_set_state(p, BR_STATE_LEARNING);
424 
425 	br_ifinfo_notify(RTM_NEWLINK, NULL, p);
426 
427 	if (br->forward_delay != 0)
428 		mod_timer(&p->forward_delay_timer, jiffies + br->forward_delay);
429 }
430 
431 /* called under bridge lock */
432 void br_port_state_selection(struct net_bridge *br)
433 {
434 	struct net_bridge_port *p;
435 	unsigned int liveports = 0;
436 
437 	list_for_each_entry(p, &br->port_list, list) {
438 		if (p->state == BR_STATE_DISABLED)
439 			continue;
440 
441 		/* Don't change port states if userspace is handling STP */
442 		if (br->stp_enabled != BR_USER_STP) {
443 			if (p->port_no == br->root_port) {
444 				p->config_pending = 0;
445 				p->topology_change_ack = 0;
446 				br_make_forwarding(p);
447 			} else if (br_is_designated_port(p)) {
448 				del_timer(&p->message_age_timer);
449 				br_make_forwarding(p);
450 			} else {
451 				p->config_pending = 0;
452 				p->topology_change_ack = 0;
453 				br_make_blocking(p);
454 			}
455 		}
456 
457 		if (p->state != BR_STATE_BLOCKING)
458 			br_multicast_enable_port(p);
459 		/* Multicast is not disabled for the port when it goes in
460 		 * blocking state because the timers will expire and stop by
461 		 * themselves without sending more queries.
462 		 */
463 		if (p->state == BR_STATE_FORWARDING)
464 			++liveports;
465 	}
466 
467 	if (liveports == 0)
468 		netif_carrier_off(br->dev);
469 	else
470 		netif_carrier_on(br->dev);
471 }
472 
473 /* called under bridge lock */
474 static void br_topology_change_acknowledge(struct net_bridge_port *p)
475 {
476 	p->topology_change_ack = 1;
477 	br_transmit_config(p);
478 }
479 
480 /* called under bridge lock */
481 void br_received_config_bpdu(struct net_bridge_port *p,
482 			     const struct br_config_bpdu *bpdu)
483 {
484 	struct net_bridge *br;
485 	int was_root;
486 
487 	br = p->br;
488 	was_root = br_is_root_bridge(br);
489 
490 	if (br_supersedes_port_info(p, bpdu)) {
491 		br_record_config_information(p, bpdu);
492 		br_configuration_update(br);
493 		br_port_state_selection(br);
494 
495 		if (!br_is_root_bridge(br) && was_root) {
496 			del_timer(&br->hello_timer);
497 			if (br->topology_change_detected) {
498 				del_timer(&br->topology_change_timer);
499 				br_transmit_tcn(br);
500 
501 				mod_timer(&br->tcn_timer,
502 					  jiffies + br->bridge_hello_time);
503 			}
504 		}
505 
506 		if (p->port_no == br->root_port) {
507 			br_record_config_timeout_values(br, bpdu);
508 			br_config_bpdu_generation(br);
509 			if (bpdu->topology_change_ack)
510 				br_topology_change_acknowledged(br);
511 		}
512 	} else if (br_is_designated_port(p)) {
513 		br_reply(p);
514 	}
515 }
516 
517 /* called under bridge lock */
518 void br_received_tcn_bpdu(struct net_bridge_port *p)
519 {
520 	if (br_is_designated_port(p)) {
521 		br_info(p->br, "port %u(%s) received tcn bpdu\n",
522 			(unsigned int) p->port_no, p->dev->name);
523 
524 		br_topology_change_detection(p->br);
525 		br_topology_change_acknowledge(p);
526 	}
527 }
528 
529 /* Change bridge STP parameter */
530 int br_set_hello_time(struct net_bridge *br, unsigned long val)
531 {
532 	unsigned long t = clock_t_to_jiffies(val);
533 
534 	if (t < BR_MIN_HELLO_TIME || t > BR_MAX_HELLO_TIME)
535 		return -ERANGE;
536 
537 	spin_lock_bh(&br->lock);
538 	br->bridge_hello_time = t;
539 	if (br_is_root_bridge(br))
540 		br->hello_time = br->bridge_hello_time;
541 	spin_unlock_bh(&br->lock);
542 	return 0;
543 }
544 
545 int br_set_max_age(struct net_bridge *br, unsigned long val)
546 {
547 	unsigned long t = clock_t_to_jiffies(val);
548 
549 	if (t < BR_MIN_MAX_AGE || t > BR_MAX_MAX_AGE)
550 		return -ERANGE;
551 
552 	spin_lock_bh(&br->lock);
553 	br->bridge_max_age = t;
554 	if (br_is_root_bridge(br))
555 		br->max_age = br->bridge_max_age;
556 	spin_unlock_bh(&br->lock);
557 	return 0;
558 
559 }
560 
561 /* called under bridge lock */
562 int __set_ageing_time(struct net_device *dev, unsigned long t)
563 {
564 	struct switchdev_attr attr = {
565 		.orig_dev = dev,
566 		.id = SWITCHDEV_ATTR_ID_BRIDGE_AGEING_TIME,
567 		.flags = SWITCHDEV_F_SKIP_EOPNOTSUPP | SWITCHDEV_F_DEFER,
568 		.u.ageing_time = jiffies_to_clock_t(t),
569 	};
570 	int err;
571 
572 	err = switchdev_port_attr_set(dev, &attr);
573 	if (err && err != -EOPNOTSUPP)
574 		return err;
575 
576 	return 0;
577 }
578 
579 /* Set time interval that dynamic forwarding entries live
580  * For pure software bridge, allow values outside the 802.1
581  * standard specification for special cases:
582  *  0 - entry never ages (all permanant)
583  *  1 - entry disappears (no persistance)
584  *
585  * Offloaded switch entries maybe more restrictive
586  */
587 int br_set_ageing_time(struct net_bridge *br, clock_t ageing_time)
588 {
589 	unsigned long t = clock_t_to_jiffies(ageing_time);
590 	int err;
591 
592 	err = __set_ageing_time(br->dev, t);
593 	if (err)
594 		return err;
595 
596 	spin_lock_bh(&br->lock);
597 	br->bridge_ageing_time = t;
598 	br->ageing_time = t;
599 	spin_unlock_bh(&br->lock);
600 
601 	mod_delayed_work(system_long_wq, &br->gc_work, 0);
602 
603 	return 0;
604 }
605 
606 /* called under bridge lock */
607 void __br_set_topology_change(struct net_bridge *br, unsigned char val)
608 {
609 	unsigned long t;
610 	int err;
611 
612 	if (br->stp_enabled == BR_KERNEL_STP && br->topology_change != val) {
613 		/* On topology change, set the bridge ageing time to twice the
614 		 * forward delay. Otherwise, restore its default ageing time.
615 		 */
616 
617 		if (val) {
618 			t = 2 * br->forward_delay;
619 			br_debug(br, "decreasing ageing time to %lu\n", t);
620 		} else {
621 			t = br->bridge_ageing_time;
622 			br_debug(br, "restoring ageing time to %lu\n", t);
623 		}
624 
625 		err = __set_ageing_time(br->dev, t);
626 		if (err)
627 			br_warn(br, "error offloading ageing time\n");
628 		else
629 			br->ageing_time = t;
630 	}
631 
632 	br->topology_change = val;
633 }
634 
635 void __br_set_forward_delay(struct net_bridge *br, unsigned long t)
636 {
637 	br->bridge_forward_delay = t;
638 	if (br_is_root_bridge(br))
639 		br->forward_delay = br->bridge_forward_delay;
640 }
641 
642 int br_set_forward_delay(struct net_bridge *br, unsigned long val)
643 {
644 	unsigned long t = clock_t_to_jiffies(val);
645 	int err = -ERANGE;
646 
647 	spin_lock_bh(&br->lock);
648 	if (br->stp_enabled != BR_NO_STP &&
649 	    (t < BR_MIN_FORWARD_DELAY || t > BR_MAX_FORWARD_DELAY))
650 		goto unlock;
651 
652 	__br_set_forward_delay(br, t);
653 	err = 0;
654 
655 unlock:
656 	spin_unlock_bh(&br->lock);
657 	return err;
658 }
659